US2139436A - Method and means for waving hair - Google Patents

Description

Filed Aug. 5, 1957 METHOD AND MEANS FOR WAVING HAIR 't f V'fr/Z/ ffl Il Dec. 6, 1938.

Patented Dec. 6, 1938 r'irrieztrr OFFICE METHOD AND MEANS FOR WAVING HAIR Michel Beck,

Application August 5,

5 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a methodand means for waving hair in the present day electrically heated permanent wave machines and so-called machineless permanents.

At the present time it is general practice in imparting the so-called permanent wave to hair to space the hair into strands, draw a strand througha slit in a rubber spacer or protector until the protector is against the scalp, place a clip about the strand close to the protector, andbeginning with the free ends of the hair wrap the strand about a metal rod or spindle, the ends of which, as the wrapping progresses adjacent the c lip, will be received and held by arms extending from the clip.` A solution-is applied to the strand of hair either before or after wrapping to moisten the hair and to impart to it the property of retaining the curl after the apparatus has been removed. An electric heater of commercial form .is then applied-to heat the strand curled upon the spindle. The length of time the heater remains attached to the clip depends upon the character of the hair and the degrees of heat furnished by the heater.' The heater is then re- 2\.moved and the hair allowed to cool before the spindle, clip and protector are removed and a so-called permanent wave is imparted to that strand. The process'is then repeated with the other spaced strands until the desired wave has been imparted.

In following out the general method above described, it has been found that the usual solutions, of which there are many, contain ammonia as a base. The ammonia in such solutions not only reacts with the metal of the rod or spindle upon the application of heat to impart a greenish yellow cast to white hair but also makes all hair dry, lifeless and brittle.

It is an object of this invention to not only treat the hair with a solution which will not produce such undesirable qualities but also to employ a spindle or rod which will not react with the solution, so that white hair will preserve its natural color after such treatment, and all hair will preserve its natural elasticity.

Since the method hereinafter described follows the usual permanent wave treatment now used and employs the usual permanent wave apparatus with the exception that the spindle or rod is formed of a particular material, but not otherwise differing in construction from the customary rod or spindle, as shown in the accompanying drawing.

In the drawing:

Winnetka, Ill. 1937, serial No. 157,544

Figure l is a View in front elevation of a spindle employed in carrying out this invention.

Figure 2 is a view in longitudinal section, taken on the line 2-2 of Figurel, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a view in transverse Section, taken on the line 3--3 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

In carrying out this improved method, a spindle of white, close-grained, strong textured fibrous material, such as the wood of the maple tree, saturated with Russian mineral oil is substituted for the customary spindle in a permanent wave apparatus, and a solution containing not less than eight (8) -to ten (10) per cent of Russian mineral oil is employed. y

The success of this improved process depends upon the combined effects produced by the application of heat to the strand of hair treated, as hereinafter described, with Russian mineral oil wound upon a spindle of fibrous material saturated with the same oil. Therefore, prior to initial use each spindle or rod is immersed from three (3) to five (5) minutes in boiling Russian mineral oil so as to be thoroughly saturated when used and similarly treated from time to time thereafter as may be found necessary to maintain the saturated condition.

After the scalp has been divided into strands of hair and the spacer and clip have been placed about a strand as above described, this improved method includes the following steps. Russian mineral oil is first applied to the ends of the hair for about a half an inch and the improved solution, containing approximately ten per cent (10%) of Russian oil, is applied to the body of the strand of hair and the strand, so treated, rolled from the end toward the scalp on the oilsoaked wooden roller; a pad soaked in the said solution is then applied about the roller strand; and any desired type of commercial electric heater is secured about the pad and rolled strand. The length of time of the application of heat depends upon the character of the hair, usually taking from five (5) to ten (10) minutes. The heater is then removed and the hair so treated is allowed to cool completely before the rod or spindle is removed from the hair. The hair is found to be glossy and shiny and damp and is ready, after a rinsing in cold water, for the usual nger wave treatment.

The oil saturated fibrous rod produces no chemical reaction with the solution when heat is applied to the strand wrapped thereabout and 55 therefore White hair does not become discolored by this improved treatment.

'I'he fibrous rod when Wrapped with a stand of hair and the pad saturated with the oil solution when heat is applied does not absorb the heat as in the case of a metal rod, and the solution if volatilized by the application of the heat leaves the oil base within the strand of hair so that not only will the ends of the strand, but the entire body be soft and moist when the heater is removed. The result is that when the strand has completely cooled, been washed, and the usual nger wave imparted, the hair will be its natural color, as well as soft, silky, oily, elastic, glossy, and naturally wavy.

A fibrous rod or spindle saturated with the mineral oil upon the repeated applications of heat and the long periods between when the rod or spindle is exposed to dry air, such as a rod or spindle for this purpose is subjected to in a beauty parlor, would soon dry out and expel the contained oil so` that it would become necessary to continually resaturate it. As the ends of the hair, which are in contact with the brous rod or spindle when the strand is wound about the spindle or rod, are saturated with the Russian mineral oil before winding and heat is applied during the progress of the treatment a portion of the oil contained in the hair is absorbed between the bers of the rod or spindle and thereby assists in maintaining its saturated condition. The rod or spindle and the hair in contact therewith are both oily, or contain oil, and the solution contained ln the remainder of the strand and in the pad, while containing ingredients necessary to impart the qualities necessary to a successful wave, also contain an oil base so that upon the application of heat the oil permeates all of the hairs contained in the strand under treatment.

Metal rods or spindles are a much greater conductor of heat than those of fibrous material so that the heat absorbed from the heater at the ends of the rod or spindle and then conducted to the portion wrapped with the hair is not as great in the brous rod as in the metal rod with the result that the heat is more evenly distributed through the strand wrapped upon the brous rod or spindle producing a wave of longer life than that resulting from the usual treatment.

What I claim is:

1. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent wave consisting in the wrapping of a separated strand of hair treated with an oil solution about a rod or spindle saturated with oil, land applying heat.

2. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent wave consisting in the wrapping of a separated strand of hair treated with solution containing mineral oil about a rod of brous material saturated with a mineral oil, applying a pad saturated with said solution thereabout, and applying heat.

3. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent Wave consisting in applying mineral oil to the ends of the hair of a separated strand, applying a solution containing approximately ten per cent (10%) of mineral oil to the remainder of the strand, beginning with the oil saturated end Wrapping the strand about a rod or spindle of white fibrous material saturated with mineral oil, and applying heat.

4. The method of treating hair to produce a permanent wave consisting in applying mineral oil to the ends of the hair of a separated strand, applying a solution containing approximately ten per cent (10%) of mineral oil to the remainder of the strand, beginning With the oil saturated end wrapping the strand about a rod or spindle of white fibrous material saturated with mineral oil, surrounding the wrapped strand with a pad saturated with said oil solution, applying heat for a predeterminedtime, thereafter allow the wrapped strand to cool, remove the rod or spindle, wash, and finger wave. v

5. A rod or spindle for use in treating hair to provide a permanent wave formed of white closegrained-strong textured fibrous material saturated with mineral oil.

MICHEL BECK.

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