US2126922A - Method of making paper products - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 16, 1938.

F. w. ROBINSON METHOD OF MAKING PAPER PRODUCTS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 2'7, 1935 INVENTOR u, a? 5 ur) No) ATTORNEYS Aug. 16, 1938. F. w. ROBINSON METHOD OF MAKING PAPER PRODUCTS Filed May 27, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR- 5 Wm P BY E44 1; l w+ 19M ATTORNEYS r Patented Aug. 16, 1938 2,126,922

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,126,922 METHOD OF MAKING PAPER PRODUCTS F. 'Warner Robinson, New York, N. Y. Application May 27, 1935, Serial No. 23,583 3 Claims. (Cl. 92-40) This invention relates to the manufacture of retain their original shapes and integrity and paper and articles made therefrom. will remain entirely free from interlacing and The object of this invention is to provide paper, enmeshing pulp fibers. I accomplish this by sepcardboard, pulp and the like, havingamanipulatarating and depressing the pulp fibers of the ing element such as tape, cord, string, thread, damp sheet of pulp or paper in the process of wire, or bands of textile fabric, embedded theremaking the same with an instrument adapted to in in such a fashion that the manipulating elepry apart and to create a clean trough or track ment may be used to tear, rip or lift in a predealong the paper longitudinally so that when the termined manner, the paper or other material manipulating element is fed to the moving sheet in which it is embedded, especially after such it will be guided into the track or groove so that 10 paper, or other material is made up into carthe submerged portion of the element will re tons, boxes, containers, stoppers, closures, caps, tain, so far as possible, its original cross-sectional etc. shape after the sheet is passed throughthe suc- Cords or threads have been heretofore attached cessive pressure rollers, drying rolls, calendering to one side of the paper or pulp for the purpose of rolls, etc. found in the ordinary Fourdrinier mall later using them to tear the paper. Threads or chines or other types of machines usually records so attached are liable to become loosened quired to produce paper.

in the handling of the paper, as when the paper Figure 1 is a perspective view of part of a is cut and folded in different serviceable forms. paper making machine showing one method of Furthermore threads or strings adhering to one making proper grooves on the damp paper or 20 surface of the paper project beyond the surface pulp and then applying the manipulating ele' and destroy its smooth surface. In certain kinds ments in the grooves.

of containers or coverings for foodstuffs, either Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of two types liquid or solid, it-is undesirable and unsanitary to of the grooving rollers. have anything adhere to the paper, or project Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the finished paper beyond its lateral surface, as string, immediately showing two forms of the manipulating elements coming into contact with or accessible to the in the paper.

food, as would be the case if attached strings Fig. 4 is a plan view of a die cut blank, projected from the surface of the paper. scored at the proper places, from which a con- By my method these difficulties are overcome tainer can be folded.

for I embed the manipulating elements in the Fig. 5 is a perspective view, partially cut away, paper itself so as to be substantially flush with of a finished container showing the tearing eleone surface thereof and consequently these element ready to be pulled to open said container. ments can not come off in a later handling or cut- Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the ting of the paper. The invention furthermore container shown in Fig. 5, showing the tearing 3 lends itself to fully embedding the manipulating element started.

elements so as not to have the objection of pro- Fig. 7 is a plan of a strip of paper with lifting jecting from the surface of said paper. element and from which bottle closures are to By the term paper I mean paper in its broadest be cut. sense, and particularly such paper as may be Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Fig. 7. 40 used for containers, cartons, stoppers, closures Fig. 9 is a top view of a bottle closure inserted and the like. in a bottle.

The most advantageous time to embed this Fig. 10 is a sectional view on line i0-i0 of manipulating element in the paper is during its Fig. 9. I

manufacture while the pulp sheet is still soft and Fig. 11 is a perspective view illustrating the 4 pliable. Instead of burying my manipulating elemanner in which the tab end of the lifting elements in the body of the paper, or enclosing them ment may be used to raise the closure.

in the mass of pulp or attempting to interlock, Fig. 12 is a section view of a paper container enmesh or interweave the pulp fibre with them as with closure and lifting element.

in the case where reinforcing strength is sought, By reference to Fig. 1, a damp or pliable paper 50 my object is to embed my manipulating eleor sheet of unfinished-paper or pulp i is seen ments in one side of the paper only and to do it moving into the rollers l0 and II. Before reachin such a way that they will be firmly cemented ing these rollers, the sheet passes over roller 9 within the sheet at the surface. By doing this, and at point of contact with this roller the upper the manipulating elements will so far as possible surface of the paper is engaged by rollers l, 4 and r to line up with the depression rollers.

5 which sink tracks of grooves of a design predetermined by the contours of the peripheral edges of such rollers. Depression rollers 3, 4 and 5 (or any additional rollers of this type) are mounted on a shaft 2 extending at right angles across the sheet, the shaft 2 being set in suitable bearings and arranged so that it may be easily raised or lowered to regulate the depth of the depression grooves 6, I and 8. The depression rollers 3, ,4 and 5 may be spaced any desired distance apart and held in place on the shaft by some such settable means as set-screws. 22; or they may be set in gangs of one or more types of edges, alternated or'grouped as desired, and any number desired may be operated at one time. The grooves or tracks may be placed at any desired position on the paper, keeping in mind the size of the paper and the size and conformation of the container or closure to be cut therefrom so that the manipulating elements will come at the desired place in the finished article.

The manipulating elements l9, 2|] and 2| are fed into grooves 6-, 'l and 8 through guides I6, I! and I8 mounted on guide-bar IS, the guides being adjustable, as for instance, by set screws 3|, The manipulating elements are drawn from their carrier reels and preferably through an adhesive bath or over 'a sizing roller before passing through the guides and to the depression grooves. As the paper moves forwardly the manipulating elements are drawn with the paper between pressing rollers l0 and l i, which press them firmly into the grooves. In passing through the adhesive bath or over the sizing rollers the threads will pick up sufiicient adhesive material to aid them in staying firmly in the grooves. After passing rollers 10 and H, the paper sheet loaded with the manipulating elements may be finished in the same way as any'other kind of paper or cardboard. It may be sized or filled or calendered as desired. Preferably the outer side of the manipulating element is made flush with the surface of the paper. If it is desired the said element may be left in substantially its original form in cross section or it may be flattened on its outer side while remaining substantially in its original form on its inner side as at l9 in Fig. 3. This is governed by the pressure on the loaded paper and the depth of the grooves in relation to the cross sectional dimensions of the manipulating elements.

The manipulating element is firmly embedded in its place by pressure during the process of producting the finished sheet and it may be further secured by adhesive, but its fibres are not interwoven or enmeshed with the paper fibre.

There may be many types of depression rollers to meet the requirements imposed by different kinds of manipulating elements. Fig. 2 shows two types of such rollers having different peripheral edges. Edge 23 is used where a round manipulating or ripper thread is required in the finished sheet; and edge 24 is employed where a flat tape or textile fabric is required-for lifting purposes or for ripping out a predetermined section from the carton or other type of container or closure made from the finished sheet of cardboard or paper.

Fig. 3 shows two types of manipulating elements embedded in the finished sheet, the drawing being an enlarged cross-section of a piece of finished paper 'or cardboard. The manipulating element I! may be athread or wire for use embedded in a sheet of paper or cardboard at.

one time or either type may be run in multiple places, as desired. The embedded thread or cord l5shown in Fig. 3 may be obtained by making ,a shallow groove in relation to the thickness of the thread is and the amount of pressure to be applied later in finishing the paper. It is noted that the inner or tearing side of the manipulating thread I9 remains substantially the same in cross section as before pressing. If the element I9 is desired substantially circular in cross section groove 6 may be deepened or the pressure of rollers l0 and H lessened or both of these things may be done.

Fig. 4 shows a die struck blank of a cardboard carton struck from a roll of cardboard in which has been embedded the cutting thread Ill. The broken lines 21 show the scoring die struck for folding. Heavier lines 28 show where cutting die has severed the cardboard. When this blank is folded as in Fig. 5 the manipulating element, in this instance a ripping cord 19, will be found on the inside surface of the carton encircling the top section thereof. A tab such as 25 may be cut in one side of the carton blank if desired. Also, if desired, the cord l9 may be cut as at 26 or in other desired places, so that the opening may be of any size desired. By pulling the tab 25 whichappears on the outside surface of the finished carton (by virtue of the tab cut out at the point where there is an overlapping pasted scam) the manipulating or ripping cord, being a part of the tab, will cut or tear the container along its grooved bed all the way around the container. Or if desired the tearing cord l9 may be stopped at 26 where thecord has previously been cut by the shaping die at the time the carton was originally die struck. The cut 26, of course, may be so arranged that it may come at any place on the manipulating thread in the finished carton and so make whatever opening may be desired.

Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 show how a manipulating element can be applied for lifting milk bottle stoppers. The manipulating element 2!, in this instance a lifting element. has already been embedded in the sheet of paper I in the manner described and the paper die cut in the form of milk bottle stopper 29 with lifting tab 25. It is noted that the lifting tab 25 contains embedded in it the manipulating element 2i. After the milk bottle stoppers have been cut out of the piece of paper they may be placed in the top of the milk bottle with the tab 25 sticking up so that it may be easily seized by the fingers. By grasping tab 25 and pulling it, it is obvious that the manipulating element 2| being embedded in the bottom side of the closure' and being firmly attached thereto by embracing pressure of the groove and an adhesive, will greatly facilitate the lifting of the closure and will permit the closure to be removed without tearing away the tab or pealing the cardboard off in layers as is frequently the case (when the closure is .damp) in other types of similarly shaped closures made entirely from cardboard or pulp. In the case of my closure, the point of greatest pressure during the pulling is at the bottom or lower side of the closure where the lifting element is a tape or textile'fabric much stronger than the layer-bond of cardboard. Thus my invention makes a more reliable and durable closure than cardboard alone and the closure can be used over and over again as long as is necessary. This makes it useable again by the user if the whole contents of the bottle are not wanted at one time.

Fig. 12 discloses another method of using stoppers with lifting or manipulating elements embedded therein as previously described. A paper container 30 is shown with the cap or closure 29. The lifting element 2| runs across the bottom surface of the stopper and ends in the tab 25.

The kind of manipulating element employed in any case will, of course, depend upon a number of factors: the weight, or thickness, or toughness, of the body material, the purpose for which it is to be used, the amount of resistance to be overcome (either with tearing or lifting), the size, shape, or design, of the opening desired, etc. In some types of containers it may be desirable to use more than one kind of manipulating element, or to use different kinds in combination to produce a predetermined result; such, for instance, as a hinged lip, made by tearing a section of the container and lifting the torn portion of it to a desired position, or removing it entirely.

It is understood, of course, that to accomplish the results explained here, the manipulating element must be placed in that side of the cardboard or paper which is the inside of the container when the latter is chargedand ready for opening; and in the case of the stopper, cover or closure, the said manipulating element is placed in that side of the closure which is the lower or bottom side of such closure when the same is correctly seated.

What I claim is:

1. In the method of securing a tearing element to paper, the steps comprising sinking a groove in unfinished paper during the process of producing the finished sheet, said groove forming a bed for the laying in of said tearing element so that the embedded face thereof will remain substantially round in cross-section throughout the finishing operations *of the paper, said groove being of such depth that the outer face of said tearing element is substantially flush with the surface of said paper, thereafter laying the tearing element in the groove and finishing the paper.

2. In the method of securing a tearing element to paper, the steps comprising sinking a groove in unfinished paper during the'process of producing the finished sheet, said groove forming a bed for the laying in of said tearing element so that the embedded face thereof will remain substantially round in cross-section throughout the finishing operations of the paper, thereafter laying the tearing element in the groove in such a manner that the tearing element is retained within said preformed groove without intermingling of fibres between said element and the paper and finishing the paper.

3. In the method of securing a tearing element to paper, the steps comprising forming a groove in the paper, said groove forming a bed for the laying in of said tearing element so that the embedded face thereof will remain substantially round in cross section thereafter, said groove being of such a depth that the outer face of said tearing element is substantially flush with the surface of said paper, and thereafter laying and' pressing the tearing element in the groove while maintaining its paper-contacting face substantially round in cross section.

F. WARNER ROBINSON.

Images