US2087131A - Quaternary ammonium compounds - Google Patents

Description

Patented July 13, 1937 PATENT OFFICE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS Ludwig Taub, Hans Hahl, and Friedrich Leuchs,

Wuppertal Elberfeld, Germany, assig'nors, by mesne assignments, to Alba Pharmaceutical Company, Inc., New York, N. Y., a' corporation of New York No Drawing. Application March 1, 1934, Serial No. 713,610. In Germany March 3, 1933 15 Claims. (01. 260-127) This invention relates to quaternary ammonium compounds which exert a dispersing, disinfecting and preserving action.

In accordance with the present invention new products which are distinguished by a dispersing, disinfecting and preserving action are obtainable by the manufacture of quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula:

/R1 RXArXalkylene-N-Rz in which formula R, R1 and R2 stand for hydrocarbon radicals, Ra stands for an alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl or phenalkyl group, X stands for one of the members O-, S--, --NH or N-alkyl, Ar

stands for an at most bicyclic aromatic ring system and ac stands for an acid radical, such as the radicals of the hydrohalic acids, sulfuric acid, methyl or ethyl sulfuric acid, etc. Accordingly, the said new products are aromatic compounds which contain attached to the aromatic nucleus by an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom a quaternary aminoalkyl group, on the one hand, and, again attached to the nucleus by an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom, a hydrocarbon radical, such as alkyl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl or aryl groups, on the other hand.

The new products are in part viscous, thickly liquid, in part solid crystalline substances. They dissolve readily in water and form stable aqueous solutions. In view of their dispersing and disinfecting properties they exert a remarkable action as wetting, emulsifying and foaming agents and also as antiseptics and preserving media. Particularly those compounds distinguish by the said properties which contain attached to the aromatic nucleus by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen a higher alkyl group, such as the butyl, octyl, cetyl group, etc.

The disinfecting and preserving properties of the above characterized group of new quaternary ammonium compounds will become more obvious by stating by way of example the activity of a number of the new compounds against certain bacteria:

N diethyl N benzyl- N (para-cetylaminophenoxyethyD-ammonium chloride of the formula:

kills in an aqueous solution at room temperature typhus bacteria in the concentration 1 1000 after 5 minutes, para-typhus B bacteria in the concentration 1:1000 after 10 minutes, dysentery bacteria in the concentration 1:500 after 1 minute, coli bacteria in the concentration 1:250 after 2 minutes, staphylococci in the concentration 1:1000 after 2 minutes;

N diethyl N benzyl- N 3 -butyloxyphenoxy ethyl) ammonium chloride kills coli bacteria in the concentration 1:500 after 2% minutes, staphylococci in the concentration 1:5000 after 2% minutes;

N diethyl-N-benzyl-N- 3 -n-octyloxyphenoxyethyl) ammonium chloride kills coli bacteria in the concentration 1:10000 after 2 minutes, staphylococci in the concentration 1:25000 after 2 minutes;

N diethyl N benzyl-N (n-octyloxyphenthioethyl) ammonium chloride of the formula:

HnCaO 1 kills coli bacteria in the concentration 1:10000 after 2 minutes, staphylococci in the concentration 1:25000 after 2 minutes;

N-diethyl-N-benzyl-N-(3-octylthiophenoxyethyll-ammonium chloride kills coli bacteria in the concentration 1210000 after 2 minutes, staphylococci in the concentration 1150000 after 2% minutes;

N-diethyl-N-benzyl-N-(3-butylamino-4-cresyloxyethyl) ammonium chloride kills coli bacteria in the concentration 1:5000 after 2% minutes, staphylococci in the concentration 1:50000 after 2 minutes.

The presence of a bactericidal and fungicidal action in combination with a more or less foaming and purifying action and the fact that the new products are odorless and relatively non-toxic for man, render the new compounds generally useful disinfectants and cleansing agents. They are particularly suitable for the disinfection and cleaning of eating, drinking and storage utensils. They are further advantageously used for the cleaning and disinfection of medical instruments and other commodities, laundry, etc. Furthermore, floors and walls may be cleaned and disinfected by the new substances. The new products may be further used for the cleaning, disinfection and preservation of food, such as meat, vegetables, fruits, and animal material, such as hides and skins, glands, and similar animal organs.

CHz-CeHg The new products may also be used in dilution with very hard water without diminution of their activity. In the concentrations required for the disinfection and purification processes they do not injure the human skin and may therefore be used also for disinfecting the skin, particularly the hands.

The new products may be used in substance as well as in solution or emulsion and if desired in admixture with each other and/or with other active or inert substances, such as powder, ointment bases, creams and the. like.

In accordance with the present invention the new quaternary ammonium compounds are obtainable by reacting upon an aromatic compound which contains attached to the aromatic nucleus by an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom a tertiary aminoalkyl group, on the one hand, and contains attached to the nucleus by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen a saturated or unsaturated alkyl or cycloalkyl, arylalkyl or aryl radical, on the other hand, with an ester of an unsaturated, an alkoxyor phenyl-substitutcd alcohol. Such unsaturated alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or phenalkyl esters are, for instance, the esters of unsaturated or of alkylor phenyl-substituted alcohols with mineral acids, such as halohydric acids, sulfuric acid or substitution products of the sulfuric acid, such as aryl and alkyl sulfuric acids, for instance, dimethyland diethyl-sulfate, benzene and toluene sulfonic acid alkyl esters. These esters may also first serve for the transformation of compounds of the kind specified, however, containing the aliphatically bound amino group in the primary or secondary state, into the corresponding tertiary compounds and then further converting the tertiary compounds into the quaternary compounds in the manner set forth above.

In further development of the present invention it has been found that the new quaternary compounds are also obtainable by reacting. upon an aromatic compound which contains attached to the nucleus by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen a saturated or unsaturated alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl radical, on the one hand, 'and again attached to the nucleus by oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen an aliphatic radical substituted by 'a replaceable substituent, such as halogen atoms or ester-like bound radicals of the sulfuric or alkylor aryl sulfuric acids, on the other hand, with a tertiary amine.

The new products are further obtainable by reacting upon an aromatic compound containing a primary amino group attached to the nucleus, on the one hand, and containing attached to the nucleus by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen a quaternary aminoalkyl group, on the other hand, with an ester of a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or cyclic alcohol or arylalcohol, for instance, an ester of the said alcohols with a hydrohalic acid or with sulfuric acid. The said process may be modified in such a way that an aromatic primary amine the aliphatically bound amino group of which is not yet present in its quaternary state is used as starting material and that by the action of the said esters of saturated or unsaturated alcohols or arylalcohols the aliphatically bound amino group is converted into its quaternary state and the aromatically bound amino group is substituted by the saturated or unsaturated alkyl, cycloalkyl or arylalkyl radical.

The compounds used in the said processes as starting materials may contain beside the characteristic groups specified other substituents which do not prevent the reaction, such as halogen, hydroxyl, saturated or unsaturated alkyl or cycloalkyl, nitro, sulfo, cyano or carboxyl groups.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples without being restricted thereto:

(1) 225 parts by weight of 3-methoxyphenylbeta-diethylaminoethylether, obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-methoxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a colorless liquid boiling at 144-147 C. under 6 mm. pressure, are treated with 127 parts by weight of benzylchloride. The mixture is heated in a. pressure vessel to C. for 24 hours. The N-diethyl-N-benzyl- 3-methoxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride thus obtained after cooling is a viscous, yellowish brown, transparent mass, which clearly dissolves in water and alcohol.

The quaternary salt is further obtained by heating molecular quantities of 3-methoxyphenylbeta-diethylaminoethylether and benzylchloride for about 3 hours with the sixto nine-fold quantity of distilled water. Likewise, alcohol and benzene may be used as diluents. Further, the new compound may be obtained by heating the components for 1 to 2 days without the employment of pressure vessels.

In an analogous manner either by direct reaction of the components in molecular proportions, if desired, also with the addition of indifferent solvents or diluents, as, for instance, benzene or alcohol, the following quaternary compounds are obtained in the form of viscous, transparent masses which, on longer storage or on rubbing on with cyclohexane, become crystalline.

(2) N-diethyl-N-benzyl 3 butyloxyphenoxy ethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and 3-butyloxy phenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3- butyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethyl chloride as a yellowish oil boiling at -167 C. under 2 mm. pressure).

(3) N-diethyl-N-benzyl 3 cyclohexyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and 3-cyclohexyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and 3-cyclohexyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-cyclohexyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a viscous, yellowish oil boiling at -190 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(4) N-diethyl-N-benzyl-3 n-octyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and 3-n-octyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-n-octyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a pale yellow oil boiling at ISO-192 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(5) N-diethyl N allyl-3-n-octyloxyphenoxyethylammonium bromide from allylbromide and 3-n-octyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether.

(6) N-diethyl-N-benzyl-2-n-octyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and 2-n-octyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 2-n-octyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a colorless oil boiling at 195-198 C. under 5 mm. pressure).

(7) N-diethyl-N-benzyl-4-n-octyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and octyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 4-n-octyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a colorless oil boiling at 203-205 C. under 4 mm. pressure).

(8) N-diethyl-N-benzyl-3-dodecyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and 3-dodecyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-dodecyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a yellowish colored oil boiling at 212-213 C. under 2 mm. pressure).

(9) N-diethyl-N-benzyl 3-benzyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benzylchloride and 3-benzyloxyphenyl-beta diethylaminoethylether (obtainable bytreatment of sodium 3-benzyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a yellowish oil boiling at 212-215 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(10) N-diethyl-N-benzyl 3 7 ortho-chlorobenzyloxyphenoxyethylammonium chloride from benfrom benzylchloride and 3-methoxyphenyl-betadiethylaminoethylthioether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-methoxythiophenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a colorless oil boiling at 156-158 C. under 3 mm. pressure).

(14) N-benzyl-N-diethyl-3-methoxyphenthioethylammoniumiodide, from benzyliodide and 3 methoxyphenyl beta diethylaminoethylthioether.

(15) N diethyl Nebenzyl- 3 n-octyloxyphenthioethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 3-n-octyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylthioether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3- diethylaminoethylthiophenolate with n-octylbromide as a yellowish oil boiling at 190-195 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(16) N diethyl-N-benzyl-3-octylthiophenoxyethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 3 octylthiophenyl beta diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-diethylaminoethoxythiophenolate with n-octylbromide as a yellow oil boiling at l98-203 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(17) N diethyl N benzyl-3-butylaminophenoxyethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 3-butylaminophenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3- butylaminophenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a yellow oil boiling at 175-177 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(18) N-diethyl N benzyl-3-butylamino-paracresoxyethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 3-butylamino-4-cresyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether, obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-butylamino-para-cresolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a yellow oil boiling at 176-178" C. under 3 mm. pressure.

(19) N benzyl N diethyl-3-butylamino 4 cresoxyethylammonlumiodide from benzyiiodide and 3-butylamino-4-cresyl beta diethylaminoethylether.

(20) N-diethyl-N-benzyl-3-n-octyloxyphenylaminoethylammoniumchioride from benzylchloride and N-3-octyloxyphenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylamine (obtainable by treatment of 3-H- octyloxyphenylamine with diethylaminoethylchloride-as a yellow oil boiling at 215-220 C. under- 3 mm. pressure).

(21) N diethyl-N-benzyl-3-n-octylaminophenoxyethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 3 n octylaminophenyl-beta-diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-n-octylaminophenolate with diethylaminoethylchloride as a viscous oil boiling at 195-200" C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(22) N diethyl N benzyl-l-hexylamino 3 naphthyloxyethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 1-hexylamino-3-naphthyl-beta diethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of l-amino 3 diethylaminoethoxynaphthalene with n-hexylbromide as a viscous oil boiling at 233-236 C. under 2 mm. pressure).

(23) N-diethyl N benzyl-1-n-octylamino-3- naphthyloxyethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 1-n-octylamino-3-naphthyl-betadiethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of l-amino 3 diethylaminoethoxynaphthalene with n-octylbromide as a viscous oil boiling at 238-240 C. under 0.15 mm. pressure).

(24) N-diethyl-N-benzyl para-phenoxyphenylaminoethylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and para-phenoxydiethylaminoethylaniline (obtainable by treatment of para-phenoxyphenylamine with diethylaminoethylchloride boiling at 196-200" C. under 2 mm. pressure).

(25) N diethyl-N-dodecyloxymethyl-3-methoxyphenoxyethylammoniumchloride which already is obtained by triturating dodecyloxymeths): OCH CHrN cmo-oim 00111125 C1 by rubbing butyloxymethylchloride with 3- dodecyloxyphenyl-beta-dimethylaminoethylether (obtainable by treatment of sodium 3-dodecyloxyphenolate with dimethylaminoethylchloride as a yellow oil boiling at 200-205 C. under 2 mm. pressure).

(27) N dimethyl N benzyl-alpha (3-n-octyloxyphenoxy) beta hydroxypropylammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and N-dimethylalpha (3 n octyloxyphenoxy) beta-hydroxypropylamlne (obtainable by reacting upon sodium 3-n-octyloxyphenolate with gamma-dimethylamino-beta-hydroxy-propylchloride as a yellowish oil boiling at 205-208 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(28) N dimethyl N benzyl gamma (3 -n' hexyloxyphenoxy) proplyammoniumchloride from benzylchloride and 3-n-hexyloxyphenylgamma-dimthylaminopropylether (obtainable by reacting upon sodium B-n-hexyloxyphenolate with gamma-dimethylaminopropylchloride as a yellowish oil'boiling at 198-201 C. under 1 mm. pressure). I

(29) N-diethyl-N-Para-nitrobenzyl-iiN- octyloxy-phenoxy ethylammoniumchloride from paranitrobenzylchloride and 3-n-octyloxypheny1-betadiethylamlnoethylether.

(30) J N-dimethyl-N-phenylethyl gamma (3 butyloxyphenoxy) beta dimethylpropylammoniumbromide from phenylethylbromide and N-dimethyl-gamma- 3 butyloxyphenow) betadimethylpropylamine (obtainable by reacting upon sodium 3 butyloxyphenolate and gamma-dimethylamino-beta-dimethylpropylchloride as an oil burning at 195-200 C. under 1 mm. pressure).

(31) N-diethyl N -hydroxyphenylpropyl-N- (3- octyloxyphenoxyethyl)ammoniumbromide from hydroxyphenylpropylbromide and N-diethyl-3- octyloxyphenoxyethylamine (obtainable by reacting upon sodium 3-octyloxyphenolate with diethylaminoethylchioride) We claim:-

1. The products of the formula:

.in which R stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, and phenylalkyl and halogen-phenylalkyl of the lower aliphaticseries, R1 and R11 stand for the same lower alkyl groups, R: stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkenyl of the type of allyl and of alkoxyand phenylsubstituted lower alkyl groups, X stands for one of the members O- and S, Ar stands for an aromatic radical selected from the group consisting of radicals of the benzene and naphthalene series, alkylene is of the lower aliphatic series, and Hal stands for a halogen atom, which products are soluble in water and have a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

2. The products of the formula:

R1 R-O-Ar-O-alkylene-N-Rg R:

Hal

in which R stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, and phenylalkyl and halogen-phenylalkyl of the lower aliphatic series, R1 and R2 stand for the same lower alkyl groups, R: stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkenyl of the type of allyl and of alkoxyand phenylsubstituted lower alkyl groups, Ar stands for a benzene radical, alkylene" is of the lower aliphatic series, and Hal stands for ahalogen atom, which products are soluble in water and have a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

3. The products of the formula:

R-O 0-CHr (Mir-N 3:

U I CH2' CoHs Hal 4. The process which comprises reacting upon a compound of the formula:

' alky1-X-Ar-Xalkylene-N= (alkyl) 2 wherein Ar stands for a, benzene radical, (alkyl) 2" and alkylene are of the lower aliphatic series, and X stands for one of the members O- and S, with a benzylhalide.

5. The process which comprises reacting upon a compound of the formula:

wherein Ar stands for a benzene radical, (alkylhf' and alkylene are of the lower aliphatic series, with a benzylhalide.

6. The products of the formula:

in which R stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, and phenylalkyl and halogen-phenylalkyl of the lower aliphatic series, R1 and R2 stand for the same lower alkyl groups, R: stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkenyl of the type of allyl and of alkoxyand phenylsubstituted lower alkyl groups, X stands for one of the members O and -S, Ar stands for an aromatic radical selected from the group consisting of radicals of the benzene and naphthalene series, "alkylene" is of the lower aliphatic series, and ac stands for the anion of an inorganic acid radical, which products are soluble in water and have a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

7. The process which comprises reacting upon a compound of the formula:

in which R stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl and phenylalkyl and halogen-phenylalkyl of the lower aliphatic series, R1 and R2 stand for the same lower alkyl groups, X stands for one of the members O and S, "alkylene is of the lower aliphatic series, and Ar stands for an aromatic radical selected from the group consisting of radicals of the benzene and naphthalene series, with a reactive inorganic acid ester selected from the group consisting of inorganic acid esters of alkoxy-substituted and phenyl-substituted lower alkyl monohydric alcohols.

8. The process which comprises reacting upon a compound of the formula:

in which R stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl and phenylalkyl and halogen-phenylalkyl of the lower aliphatic series, R1 and R2 stand for the same lower alkyl groups, X stands for one of the members O and S, alkylene is of the lower aliphatic series, and Ar stands for an aromatic radical selected from the group consisting of radicals of the benzene and naphthalene series, with a hydrohalic acid ester of a phenyl-substituted lower alkyl monohydric alcohol.

9. The products of the formula:

in which "alkylene is of the lower aliphatic series, R1 and R: stand for the same lower alkyl groups, R: stands for a radical selected from the group consisting of alkenyl of the type of ally] and of alkoxyand phenyl-substituted lower alkyl groups, which products are soluble in water and have a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

10. The products of the formula:

in which aliwlene is of the lower aliphatic series, and R1 and R1 stand for the some lower alkyl groups, which products are soluble in water and have a. disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

11. The products of the formula:

in which "alkylene is of the lower aliphatic series, and R1 and R2 stand for the same lower alkyl groups, which products are soluble in water and have a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

12. The products of the formula:

R1 octyl-0C.Hr-OOH;-CHrN Rg CHrCo s alogen in which R1 and R: stand for the same lower alkyl groups, which products are soluble in water and have a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

13. N-diethyl-N-benzyl -3-n-octyloxyphenoxyethylammonium-chloride, which product is soluble in water and has a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

14. N- diethyl-N-benzyl-3-n-dodecyloxyphenoxyethylsmmonium-bromide, which product is soluble in water and has a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

15. N-diethyl-N-benzyl-4-n-octyloxyphenoxyethylammonium-chloride, which product is soluble in water and has a disinfecting, preserving and dispersing power.

LUDWIG TAUB. HANS HAHL. FRIEDRICH IEUCHS.