US2086140A - Automatic temperature regulated narcosis apparatus - Google Patents

Description

E. SILTEN 243365140 E REGULATED NARCOSIS APPARATUS July 6, 1937.

AUTOMATIC TEMPERATUR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 1

INVENTOR.

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ATTORNEY.

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Patented July 6, 1937 zssau PATENT AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE REGULATED NAROOSIS APPARATUS Ernst Silten, Berlin, Germany 18 Claims.

This invention relates to inhalation devices, more particularly to an apparatus for the inhalation of medicinals, anesthetics and the like, and for the treatment of diseases of the respiratory tract.

Various devices for the inhalation of preheated air or other gases and vapors have been known. Such devices include a chamber with electrical heating means. In the chamber the gases or vapors to be heated are brought to the desired temperature, or liquids, such as ether maybe vaporized or gasified therein. However, such prior art devices have the difiiculty that the temperature cannot be regulated, resulting in large temperature changes. This is very disadvantageous in anesthetic devices in which ether or other anesthetics are vaporized. The anesthetic is thereby supplied in greatly varying amounts, requiring varying amounts of heat for vaporiza- As a result, by the application of large amounts of anesthetic, the desired temperature is not obtained, and When small amounts are applied there is the danger of overheating.

The present invention is directed to an apparatus of this type in which the temperature is selfregulated and which is adjustable to the desired point. The regulationmay take place in any suitable manner, as by an expansion or a bimetallic regulator device in combination with a spark-free switch member for controlling the heating current to cut it ofi when the desired, adjusted temperature is reached, and to close the circuit assoonas the temperature has dropped slightly.- I

In the accompanying drawings, constituting a part hereof, and in which like reference characters indicate like parts,

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of an apparatus made in accordance with this invention, some parts being shown in section.

Figure 2 is an enlargedcross-sectional View of a device made in accordance with this invention.

Figure 3 is a similar view of a modified form of 5 apparatus.

- Figure 4 is --a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along the line 46 of Figure 3, and,

-Figure 5 is a similar view taken along the line I, and a cover 8. Secured to the inlet opening 4 is a Casing 9, provided with a funnel it) for the introduction of suitable substances into the ap; paratus.

The casing 9 is held in position on the plate I I whichconstitutes the bottom thereof. Within the casing is a plate l2 having an opening l3 communicating with opening 4, and provided with a valve l4 normally held in position by a spring i5. A metal tube l6, having a relatively high coefiicient of expansion, is secured toa support H attached to the plate l2. ,An'inclined surface or plane 18, is provided at the inner upper edge of the tube I6, making contact with the end of a screw l9, held in block 25 to which is attached a depending stem 2|, usually made of glass. The stem is fused at point 22 into the sealed glass tube 29 from which the air has been exhausted and which is preferably under a vacuum. The lower end of tube 23 is held by suitable material 24 rigidly secured to the base. In the bottom of said tube are electrodes 25 and 26, having contact members 2! for closing the circuit. Electrode 26 has an extension 28 against which the head 29 of stem 2| normallyrests. An electrical heating arrangement is provided and consists of a coil 39 of suitable wire or the like,- held between insulating plates 3!, the whole being in proximity to the casing 9. Supports 32 hold the 001130 in proper position. The leadwire .33 from one end of the coil is attached to fuse 36 from whicha wire 35 connects to electrode 26. The wire 36 attached to electrode 25 passes through cable 31 and a wire 38 attached to the opposite end of coil 30also is inserted into the cable which is connected to a suitable source of electricity.

In the operation of the device, the mask is placed in position, the wires 36 and 38 are connected to a source of energy causing the coil 39 to become heated. A suitable substance, such as ether, is-dropped into the funnel l9 and by the breathing of the patient and the heat of the coil, is vaporized and mixed with air passing through the space 39 through valve l4 and into the mask. If desired, suitable filling material 390 may be placed in passage 39 to cause more uniform mixing and .more uniform heating of the gaseous mix ture. When the temperature of the mixture has reached the proper point, the expansion of tube l6 causes a movement of block 20 to the right, as tshown by the arrow, which causes a simul-- taneous movement of the head 29 in the opposite direction, moving electrode 26 away from electrode 25. This breaks the contact 21 and cuts off the current. Upon cooling, the reverse action takes place whereby the current is again caused to flow through the coil. The temperature at which the gaseous mixture is to be maintained may be adjusted by turning the screw I9 in one direction or the other.

In the modified form, shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the funnel II] has its lower end 40 connected to a coil of pipe M, the lower end 42 of which is secured to a rubber tube 43, which may be secured to or in place of the opening 4 of the mask 5. A rod 44, the lower end of which is secured to a suitable base, is provided with a device 45 similar to the arrangement of the vacuum tube 23 containing a switching device. The temperature sensitive element in this embodiment is somewhat difierent and consists essentially of a bar 46 similar to the ordinary bi-metallic strips,

the free end of which carries a screw 41 which is attached to the block 20.

The operation of the device is similar to that shown in the Figures 1 and 2, with the difference that the mixture of air and ether or the like instead of travelling in the open space 39 is confined within the pipe 4l. The regulation of the temperature is obtained by the movement of the bar 46 to the right or left as shown by the arrow, thus controlling the contacts 21.

The heated inhalation apparatus of the'present invention containing temperature regulation is superior to prior devices because of its definitely greater safety and the simplicity of manipulation or handling. The temperature need not be watched and the danger of overheating is entirely eliminated. By such regulation, the temperature becomes independent of the current in the heating means, which can be made of greater capacity than heretofore. This has the considerable advantage that in the use of ether as an anesthetic, for example, the large amounts of ether in the initial stages of anesthetization may be as readily vaporized and brought to the desired temperature as the smaller amounts which are required to maintain the anesthetization in the later stages. The temperature sensitive element is connected directly to the switch avoiding the use of relays and the like.

While I have described my invention setting forth two specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the construction and operation of my device may be made. For instance, the materials may be difierent from those described the arrangement of the parts may be varied, the type and location of the heating element may be changed, the vacuum switch may be replaced by another type of switch to accomplish the same purpose, the flow of the gases thru the device may be changed, and the connection to the mask may be different. These and other changes in the details of my invention may be introduced within the scope thereof, the invention being defined in the claims appended hereto.

What I claim is:

1. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means in proximity to the path of flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing.

2. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means in proximity to the path of flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing and means for regulating said temperature.

3. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means in proximity to the path of flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing comprising a temperature sensitive device directly connected to said switch.

4. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in said casing, a switch enclosed in an evacuated chamber placed in the circuit of said element, and means in proximity to the path of flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing.

5. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseousmixture, an electrical heating element in said casing, a spark-free switch, in the circuit of said element, and means in proximity to the path of flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing.

'6. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means in proximity to the path of the ,flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing and an outlet for gases and vapors secured to a mask.

7. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in proximity to and within said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element and located within said element, and means in proximity to the path of the flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing.

8. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in proximity to and within said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element and located within said element, and means in proximity to the path of the flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to. maintain a desired temperature in said casing comprising a temperature expansible member, an inclined plane and a contact member touching said plane and adapted to operate said switch.

9. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in proximity to and within said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element and located within said element, and means in proximity to the path of the flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing comprising a bi-metallic strip and a contact member touching said strip and adapted to operate said switch.

10. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, means for mixing said gases and substances to provide a homogeneous gaseous mixture, an electrical heating element in proximity to and Within said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element and located within said element, a passage for gases between said element and said switch, and means in proximity to the path of flow of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing.

11. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, an electrical heating element in proximity to and within said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element and located within said element, a pipe for gases between said element and said switch and means for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing.

12. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, an electrical heating element in proximity to and within said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element and located within said element, a coiled pipe for gases between said element and said switch and means for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing.

13. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for introducing gases and vaporizable substances into the same, an electrical heating element in proximity to and within said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element and located within said element, a passage for gases between said element and said switch, and means for automatically operating said switch to maintain a desired temperature in said casing,

said passage having means for impedingthe flow of gases.

14. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for passing a mixture of gases and vapors into the same, an electrical heating elev ment in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means within said casing including a thermostat in the path of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a constant temperature of the gaseous mixture flowing through said casing.

15. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for passing a mixture of gases and vapors into the same, an electrical heating element in said casing and extending substantially theentire length thereof, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means within said casing including a thermostat in the path of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to' maintain a constant temperature of the gaseous mixture flowing through said casing.

16. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for passing a mixture of gases and vapors into the same, an electrical heating element in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, a valve at the gas outlet end of said casing, and means within said casing including a thermostat in the path of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a constant temperature of the gaseous mixture flowing through said casing.

17. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for passing a mixture of gases and vapors into the same, an electrical heating element in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means substantially centrally located within said casing including a thermostat in the path of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to maintain a constant temperature of the gaseous mixture flowing through said casing.

18. An inhalation apparatus comprising a casing, means for passing a mixture of gases and vapors into the same,'an electrical heating element in said casing, an enclosed switch in the circuit of said element, and means substantially centrally located within said casing including a thermostat in the path of said mixture for automatically operating said switch to' maintain a constant temperature of the gaseous mixture flowing through said casing and in contact with said switch operating means.

ERNST SILTEN

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