US2085361A - Steam jet exhauster - Google Patents

Steam jet exhauster Download PDF

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Publication number
US2085361A
US2085361A US43740A US4374035A US2085361A US 2085361 A US2085361 A US 2085361A US 43740 A US43740 A US 43740A US 4374035 A US4374035 A US 4374035A US 2085361 A US2085361 A US 2085361A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steam
steam jet
carbon
corrosive
exhauster
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US43740A
Inventor
Ralph E Hellmer
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Schutte and Koerting Co
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Schutte and Koerting Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Schutte and Koerting Co filed Critical Schutte and Koerting Co
Priority to US43740A priority Critical patent/US2085361A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2085361A publication Critical patent/US2085361A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F04F5/467—Arrangements of nozzles with a plurality of nozzles arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0808—Carbon, e.g. graphite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S417/00—Pumps
    • Y10S417/01—Materials digest

Definitions

  • Steam jet exhausters are operated by steam and they operate upon vapors.
  • the nozzles and diffusers of steam jet exhausters are made of metal.
  • the use of steam jet exhausters is prescribed, they cannot be operated with corrosive vapors, such for example as contain hydrochloric acid, because while metal nozzles and diffusers withstand the erosive action of wet steam jets, they will not withstand the corrosive action of acid vapors. Corrosive vapors pit or mar the metal surfaces of nozzles and diffusers giving rise to eddies and otherwise interfering with flow so that the steam" jet exhausters fail to function properly.
  • steam jet ex- 5 hausters are not in; commercial use where corrosive vapors are to be handled by them.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to fulfill a recognized want and to provide a surrenderal requirements of cost and will operate in.
  • the invention is based on the unobvious discovery that steam jet nozzles and diffusers, if made of carbon, will resist the erosive action of wet steam and the corrosive action of acid vapors.
  • the invention is based on the further discovery that carbon can be obtained upon the market in a dense form which can'be readily machined and of which the coeificient of heat expansion is negligible. Otherwise stated, the invention is based on the discovery that carbon possesses properties not generally understood or known which, when it is employed as a nozzle or difiuser for a steam 50 jet exhauster, extend the field of usefulness of that apparatus.
  • the invention consists in a steam jet exhauster having a nozzle and a diffuser of carbon which adapts the exhauster to use with acid corrosive vapor.
  • the invention also comprises the improvements to be presently described and finally claimed.
  • the drawing comprises a single figure illustrative of the invention.
  • 1 indicates a nozzle of carbon and 2 indicates a diffuser of carbon.
  • 4 is the steam inlet, and 5 is the vapor inlet, and 6 is the exhaust.
  • the nozzle i and the diffuser 2 are subjected to erosive action of wet steam supplied at 4 and simultaneously to the corrosive action of acid vapor entering at 5. It is essential to the proper operation of the device that the surfaces, and more particularly the surface of the diffuser, be not pitted or marred.
  • the nozzle I and diffuser 2 of carbon I avail myself of the property, which I believe I was the first to discover, of resisting the erosive action of wet steam in association with corrosive vapor in a steam jet exhauster, and by the use of carbon in the nozzle and diffuser I make the steam jet exhauster work in connection with acid corrosive vapor and thereby adapt it to new and important uses.
  • a stem jet exhauster having a nozzle and diffuser of carbon which adapts the exhauster to use with acid corrosive vapors in association with wet steam and at high temperature, such as 250 Fahrenheit or more.

Description

June 29, 1937. R. E. HELLMER 2,085,351
STEAM JET EXHAUSTER Filed Oct. 5, 1955 Argue/v5).
Patented June 29, 1937 PATENT OFFICE STEAM JET EXHAUSTER Ralph E. Hellmer, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to Schutte & Koerting Company, Philadelphia,
Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application October 5, 1935, Serial No. 43,740
1 Claim.
Steam jet exhausters are operated by steam and they operate upon vapors. The nozzles and diffusers of steam jet exhausters are made of metal. The use of steam jet exhausters is prescribed, they cannot be operated with corrosive vapors, such for example as contain hydrochloric acid, because while metal nozzles and diffusers withstand the erosive action of wet steam jets, they will not withstand the corrosive action of acid vapors. Corrosive vapors pit or mar the metal surfaces of nozzles and diffusers giving rise to eddies and otherwise interfering with flow so that the steam" jet exhausters fail to function properly. In fact, as far as I know, steam jet ex- 5 hausters are not in; commercial use where corrosive vapors are to be handled by them.
Attemptshave been made to discover or provide a metal oralloy '01" other material for use in the nozzles or diffusers which will withstand both the erosive action, of the wet steam and the corrosive action of acid and other vapors. These attempts have been commercially unsuccessful because the suggested metals or alloys will withstand the erosive action of the jet of wet steam, but they will not withstand the corrosive action of vapors, such as hydrochloric acid. Glass has been suggested but its coefiicient of heat expansionand the coefficient of heat expansion of the metal shell of the parts differ and for that rea- $011, and because glass lacks mechanical strength, it cannot be machined and is not useful for steam jet exhausters.
The principal object of the present invention is to fulfill a recognized want and to provide a mercial requirements of cost and will operate in.
connection with corrosive and acid vapors.
The invention is based on the unobvious discovery that steam jet nozzles and diffusers, if made of carbon, will resist the erosive action of wet steam and the corrosive action of acid vapors. The invention is based on the further discovery that carbon can be obtained upon the market in a dense form which can'be readily machined and of which the coeificient of heat expansion is negligible. Otherwise stated, the invention is based on the discovery that carbon possesses properties not generally understood or known which, when it is employed as a nozzle or difiuser for a steam 50 jet exhauster, extend the field of usefulness of that apparatus.
The described substitution of carbon for metal or glass in the nozzles and diifusers of steam jet exhauster is not a mere substitution of one material for another because carbon develops new uses for steam jet exhausters and because carbon possesses the not generally known property of resisting corrosive action of acid vapor in the presence of wet steam as well as other expected properties which are useful in the application of carbon to use in the environment which I believe to be new. I
The invention consists in a steam jet exhauster having a nozzle and a diffuser of carbon which adapts the exhauster to use with acid corrosive vapor.
The invention also comprises the improvements to be presently described and finally claimed.
The drawing comprises a single figure illustrative of the invention.
In the drawing, 1 indicates a nozzle of carbon and 2 indicates a diffuser of carbon. 4 is the steam inlet, and 5 is the vapor inlet, and 6 is the exhaust.
In operation the nozzle i and the diffuser 2 are subjected to erosive action of wet steam supplied at 4 and simultaneously to the corrosive action of acid vapor entering at 5. It is essential to the proper operation of the device that the surfaces, and more particularly the surface of the diffuser, be not pitted or marred. In making the nozzle I and diffuser 2 of carbon I avail myself of the property, which I believe I was the first to discover, of resisting the erosive action of wet steam in association with corrosive vapor in a steam jet exhauster, and by the use of carbon in the nozzle and diffuser I make the steam jet exhauster work in connection with acid corrosive vapor and thereby adapt it to new and important uses. In jet exhauster work the steam and corrosive vapor are at high temperature for example and not by way of exact imitation above 350 F. The carbon employed is hard and dense and can be obtained on the market. One way of ascertaining whether it is suitable for the purpose is to machine it.
I claim:
A stem jet exhauster having a nozzle and diffuser of carbon which adapts the exhauster to use with acid corrosive vapors in association with wet steam and at high temperature, such as 250 Fahrenheit or more.
' RALPH E. HELLMER.
US43740A 1935-10-05 1935-10-05 Steam jet exhauster Expired - Lifetime US2085361A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2913120A (en) * 1957-03-26 1959-11-17 J P Glasby Mfg Co Inc Vacuum operated apparatus for moving fluid material
US3667069A (en) * 1970-03-27 1972-06-06 Univ Minnesota Jet pump cardiac replacement and assist device and method of at least partially replacing a disabled right heart
US4482299A (en) * 1982-08-25 1984-11-13 Eulass David S Water powered sump pump
US4632649A (en) * 1984-07-26 1986-12-30 Sihi Gmbh & Co. Kg Gas jet pump
US4880357A (en) * 1988-06-27 1989-11-14 Mathers Terrence L Method and apparatus for producing high vacuum

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2913120A (en) * 1957-03-26 1959-11-17 J P Glasby Mfg Co Inc Vacuum operated apparatus for moving fluid material
US3667069A (en) * 1970-03-27 1972-06-06 Univ Minnesota Jet pump cardiac replacement and assist device and method of at least partially replacing a disabled right heart
US4482299A (en) * 1982-08-25 1984-11-13 Eulass David S Water powered sump pump
US4632649A (en) * 1984-07-26 1986-12-30 Sihi Gmbh & Co. Kg Gas jet pump
US4880357A (en) * 1988-06-27 1989-11-14 Mathers Terrence L Method and apparatus for producing high vacuum

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