US2078968A - Building structure - Google Patents

Description

Mw4, 1937. c. A. PAT 'TRSON v 2,078,963

BU iLDING STRUCTURE Filed May 23, 1954 I 9 Sheets-Sheet l 11v VENTOR Qasfq'A-Patta-sou,

A TTORNEYJ y 1937- c. A. PATTERSON 2,078,596?

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed May 23, 1954 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR A TTORNE YJ y C. A. PATTERSON 2,078,968

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed May 23,1934 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 A TTORNEYJ' y 4, 1937- c. A. PATTERSON BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed May 23, 1934 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 5! INVENTOR 6'fiJJMA.PatMJOJ% 132 WA TTORNEYJ I C. A. PATTERSON BUILDING STRUCTURE May 4, 1937.

Filed May 23, 1934 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Mhdan/ (VTOR VCMMAPZMJon,

A TTORNE YJ' May 1937. c. PAi'TERsoN 2,078,958

v BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed May 23, 1954 9 SheetsSheet 6 l N V E NT OR CkwtaAJhtta/nsmz v Y M A TTORNEYJ Yv f 3 c. A. PATTEsoN 2,078,933?

BUILDING STRUCTURE File y 23 195 9 Sheets-Sheet v- INVENTORY BY v LYwataAlhMm I .412;! 4; Swim A TTQRNE Y:

y C PATTERSON 2,078,968

BUILDING I STRUCTURE Filed May 25, 1954 9 sheets-Sheet a w 2 ww h, m

V INVENTOR BY 7 3 2 Q YAQTTORNEYJ May 4,1937. c; A. PATTERSON I BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed May 25, 1954 9 Sheets-Sheet -ea A TTORNE w" Pa n e 4, 1 3 2,078,968

i v H ;2,078,968' n j i y V BUILDING, STRUCTURE Q Chester Patterson, Peekskill, N. Y., assignor to i 1 i .j IjIitenKing, New York N. Y. r w 1 Application May 23, 1934, Serial No. "127,090 r A i 29 Claims. (01. 189-1) t Thisj inventionrelates tohoussand particu- A further object of the invention is 'a novel la'rly te hops an clfidwellings made of prefabriroof truss and framework. cated partsll A further object of the invention is a novel i Oneobjetpf theinventionisainovel h'ouse or ridge structurefor houses or dwellings.

qwelling construction which permits the utiliza- A further object of the invention is anovel 5 1 ti'o rrof prefabrieatedparts andrnaterials throughfoundation or under structure for houses and flout and which is'characterized by i'ts strengthand dwellings. j

x durab uty a d, by t economy gn a t twith ;A furtl ier objectofv the invention is "a novel whiehit may be ereetedm the field; I h t t, foundation or understmcture for "houses and "in A further bject of the invention-is a house or dwellings with the elim t b Of t nece ity f0 dwelling oi the above indicatedcharaoter which acellar. t t h I i is further characterized bythe flexibility'of its :A further objeot of the intention is a novel construction and its adafitability to the-various wa ls c efo ous sand.dwe n standard architectural periods or types and to A er dbjee 0f the nvent on is a nbve l5 thevarious shapesjandformsthereof; homes to ceiling c n t f t f rh u s and dwellings- 15 *interiofend exterior finish; i A further object of the ;inyention is a novel A further object of the invention is'a'house or interior partitionmnstrution r housesarid dwelling o f the aboye indicated character which dw n a t M is further characterized by the facility with which Further objects f the. nv ntion will hereingoany ordinary architeeturalplans maybefollcwed f r appear and for "a, better understandin with theutilization of the prefabricated parts of thereof refe e may e h t a 'p 1 novel and improved" construction. i g drawings w n: h j

j Aff urther object: for the invention i o Fig. 1 is adiagrammatic layoutplan view of a house or' 'dwellingirame' structure which is charhouse embodying nv nr acteri zeqby the facility with" which any architec- Fig. 2 is a per p e v i e framework 0125 ti iral esignbr any interior or exterior finish or t e house; i i a wall maybe incorfiorated. therein. Fig. 3 is a diagra m etv e looking inthe d1 I .Aiurther object of the invention isa novel rection of ne -'i,9 1s.1 d howing n I house brfdwelling f ran estructure mad f pr intermediate roof truss and other features of the fabricated parts which is oharacterized'bythe invention; t I 30 t fa ility with t p n r lines may Fig. 3a is a diagrammatic end view of an end be led to an point of the house or dwelling de- S 011 theline 31-3 of 'sired.@ f" A i Fig.4is-a sectional .view generally on the line A further object of the invention' is a house or OfFigl'and .t i

1:5 dwelling frame madefof prefabricated parts to- 5 a sectional w a o g the line 5 5 of as gether with a pipe and service line distribution Fi 1 a t f t including t djsp ofition of t e a service Fig.6 is a sectional viewalong the line 6-6 of Hlines between the ceiling and-theroofwith Ver- F 'a 1 i g t 1 Metal cii iinciyst ds andhorizontal channel studs: e 7 is planview a n on line o Fig-2 40 forming ducts for "the accommodation "of such d looking down m a part o h oof 40 lines. I 7 t v [A further object of theinvfntion isa novel floor v 8 s a horiz nt sectional ew a on the eq iiuction and. method. of formingwhe same, line of Fig; t

v L 1includingthe g tingio f hefi r iii amanner to Fig. 8a is a. sectionarview taken on the line t't have itsuspen iedfrom and supported by ou'tside; iar-8 of Fig; i V a Ichannelbeam rne nbersand.cross channelbeam. j Fi i Se H v ewa -t fi 8 membersa'nd of a 'materialwhichisresistant to show ng a inodiflcatic m; V i i ,moisture and disintegration, 1 Fi 8cfisa'se e a n e line i *A furtherobjector-the inventionis alnoige l roof f g. 2 sh fig e erm; ofwall; t it russ including a @n ailing groundwork whereby Fig. 9. is' a sectional viewalong the line 9'9 of 1 ro'of'materialsof aniwtype may be inc r r e i 1 F and 3 f therein onsheathingias'a base foryslategtile,-wood, Fig. ec s a lview similar to Fig. 9 showing a t shingles, metal; eomposition or' other typeset" modification; l f I mprooflngi i 1 Fig; 10 is an end view of the ridge; 4

' and to the use of any v the inside finish and 'with due consideration Fig. 11 is a plan view of the ridge at an intermediate roof truss;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view along the line l2-|2 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3a;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 4 through a door and showing a modification;

Fig. 13a is a sectional view along the line Ilia-43a of Fig. 13;

Fig. 13b is a vertical sectional view showing the sill of the modification shown in Fig. 13 where there is no door;

Fig. 130 is a sectional view along the line l3c--l3c of Fig. 13;

Fig. 13d is a sectional view along l3d--l3d of Fi 13;

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a skeleton of a partition;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view along the line |5-l 5 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3;

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the ridge construction and roof truss members;

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the floor beams and a vertical channel stud;

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the'corner frame construction at the eaves;

Fig. 19 is a perspective view of a part of the end'roof truss;

Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the corner construction of the floor beams or channels;

Fig. 21 is a perspective view of a part of an intermediate truss at the eaves.

Referring to the drawings the house of this invention embodies a framework of prefabricated parts and units which'arefabricated at the facthe line tory and assembled into an enduring and permanent structure with a minimum of labor cost and with certain other advantages characteristic of the particular structure forming the subjectmatter hereof. For example, the framework comprises outside floor channels or beams I, inside floor beams or channels 2, corner vertical studs 3, intermediate vertical studs 4, outside horizontal ceiling or floor beams 5, roof trussesindicated generally by the numeral 6 and comprising end horizontal truss structures 1 and intermediate truss beams 8, and a foundation comprising a, multiplicity of pier structures 9. As hereinafter more particularly described, the structure of this framework is characterized by its flexibility and adaptation to various architectural designs, to the size and general plan of house desired, whether one story or multiple story,

of the conventional mafinish and wall and for wall and further by the facility with which windows and doors may be incorporated at any desired place and by the facility with which the distributing pipes and service lines may be'incorporated and distributed of both economy, and

terials for the outside convenience.

Foundation structure The preferred foundation includes, as above indicated, a plurality of more or less closely positioned prefabricated pier units 9 and these units 9 may be used alone or in combination or correlation with concrete and other foundations.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3, 15, and 20 each pier unit 9 comprises angularly' disposed webs, l0 and H, there being a pair of webs ll disposed on opposite sides of the web l0 and-engaging the sides thereof edgewise, in the particular embodiment shown at angles of 90. These web members l0 and II- are rigidly fastened in their angular relation by formed of the desired character the a plate.

means of four similar angle irons l2, the angle irons and the webs being fastened together to form a rigid structure in any suitable manner, as for example by the riveting or welding indicated at l3. The webs I0 and II project beyond the lower ends of the angle irons l2 and are cut off on an angle at their projecting edges to form cutting and driving edges I0 and H merging into a driving point ll. The webs are also enlarged in the vicinity of the ends of the angle irons I! to form shoulders l5 extending outwardly at right angles from the angle irons 12 which en-. ables driving and cutting edges l0 and II to be and which also assists in anchoring the piles in position.

The foundation piers 9 are also formed or provided at a point intermediate their lengths with anchoring webs l6 disposed at right angles thereto, these webs [6 being preferably integrally formed with slots formed therein at right angles to each other for the passage of the websv Ill and H and angle irons 12. These anchoring webs or plate members It are fastened at any desired point by means of the angle pieces I] with one wing of the angle pieces welded or riveted to the webs and angle irons and the other wings welded or riveted tothe web or plate member I6. These angle pieces ll may be duplicated above and below the anchoring plate members l6 if desired. Each of these foundation piers 9 is provided at its upper end with some suitable means whereby the ground or floor beams may be mounted upon and fastened thereto. For example, they may be provided with intermediate anchoring plates I8 and corner plate I! which rest upon the upper ends of the pier member 9, the webs and angle irons of which terminate in a horizontal plane. These anchoring plates and It! may be anchoredthereto in any suitable manner, as for example by the angle pieces 19, having one wing in engagement with the angle irons l2 and the other wings in engagement with the under sides of the plates l8 l8 and the parts are suitably fastened together by welding or riveting.

Where the character of the earth foundation permits, these pier structures 9 are assembled in position at least in part by driving. The anchoring and retaining web plates' l6 rest firmly upon the ground or other surface surroundingthe vertical web structure of the pier and it may be advantageous in certain cases to fasten the anchoring plat'e l6 upon the ground surface independently of and supplementary to the fastening obtained through the web structure itself. For example, in Fig. 3 there is indicated pins or other fastening devices 20 passing down through suitable openings formed in the plate [8 and entering the ground or other bearing surface of The pile structures are mounted in position preferably by the method indicated in Fig. 3. According to this preferred method holes 2| of slightly larger lateral dimensions than the plate 16 are formed in the ground of the desired depth and the bottoms of these holes 2! form a bearing and anchoring surface for the retaining plates IS, the lower ends of the piers 9 having been driven downwardly, where the character of the earth permits, until plate l6 firmly engages the bottom of the hole 2|. As many of these foundation structures 9 may be provided as thereof and the holes-subsequently of-theground and other considerations. Where.

itisfimpractical to drive the members 9 home, they may be mounted in holes dug tothe depth filled in and ifclesired concrete or the like may be utilized for this filling. a I

Frame structure members Withtheirflflanges 25 (Fig. .horie zontally disposed and projecting inwardly and these floor beams! are disposed at right angles to each other the flanges are cut off on an angle of 45 with respect to thewwebs l of the channels. The lower flanges 25 rest uponthe plates or shelves 18 and i8, disposedyonthe upper ends of the pier structures 9, and are anchored to said plates 18 and i8 and the pier:

structures by means of bolts 21 passing down through the anchor platesand alsothrough the anglepieces' IS. 'A bolt 28 is indicated for fasten ing theplate l8"to the horizontal wing of an angle piece l9. The anchor plates ,lyfland I8, which are preferably removably secured to the pier structures 9, may be of any suitable thickness and shims may be utilized for compensating for differences in level in the assembly of the prefabricated structures.

The intermediate or cross fioor beams 2 are used Wherever desired; as for example where it may be desiredto reduce the size of the floor panels or where it is desired to incorporate a service pipe or line. The cross beam 2 of Figs. 2 and 1'? isdisposed in the plane of a vertical stud 4 andco-operates *and functions therewith {not only as a structural element of the frame ;.but as a continuation of the conduit formed by ,the vertical stud 4 for the accommodation of service pipes and lines as hereinafter more particularly described. This floor beam 2 comprises 3 channel members, a central channel member 30 having its flanges 30 disposed in vertical planes and twospaced channels 3| having their webs abutting against the flanges 30' and their flanges 31' disposed in horizontal planes and with all .threechannel members 30 and'3l resting jupon aplate 32. The cross beam 2rests ateither end. or at one end upon the lowerflanges -25 of the sill or channel beam I, -andthe whole is anchored thereto by means of bolts 33 passing through flanges 3|, plate 32 and the flange 25 and also the bolts may pass through the wings of angle pieces l9 fastened to theupperends of the pier structures. Preferably, as shown, the

webs of the channels 3| are of less depth than the height of the flanges 35 to permit adaptation of a. cover 30a for the servicepipe enclosure.

The flanges 30' of the channel 30 with cover 30a are of sufficient depth to enter freely the space between the flanges 25 ofthe beams I.

an L-beam 35 withitslower endbolted tothe floor beams l at theirjunction point,-the=websof the L-beam 35 having their inner surfaces flush A corner vertical stud '3 (Figs. 18-20) includes with the outside surfaces offthe meeting beams and projecting down below the upper flange 25 same width and thickness and carry on the interior thereofthesmaller L shaped members '36,

. cured thereto by the bolts 31',

.Theoutside beams I are formed of channel.

, being rigidly :fastened thereto in any suitable manner, with theirlower ends flush with the up-- if per surface of the top flange 25. The other webs of the L-beams 35 have inwardly turned feet or flanges 31 at their lower ends resting upon the upper surfaces of the top flanges 25 of the two adjacent cornerfloorbeams I, being suitably se- At their upper ends the webs are provided withtwo outwardly turnedfeet or shelves 38 which are secured by the bolts 38' to, and act as a support for a floor or ceiling beam 5, these beams 36 engaging the under side of the horizontal webs 5 of the beams 5. The L shaped member 35 terminates at the edge of the downwardly disposed flanges of the beams5 and. the ends of the webs thereof are flushwith said flanges. Preferably the structure is further reinforced by an elongated angle piece 39 fastened at its lower end by rivets or welds 40 to the webs of the L member 35 and fastened at its upperIend by the welds or rivets 4! to the adjacent. adjoining floor or ceiling beams 5. The horizontal webs 5 of the latter are also cut off or mitered at 42 at an angle of 45 to the vertical web to form a mating engagement at the corner. The. intermediate vertical stud members 4 (Figs. 2, '7, 8, 8a, 1'7, and 21) comprise the vertical channels 41 whose flanges 41 extend inwardly from the central web and are provided with feet or flanges 48 at their lower ends dis 1 posed at rightangles to the flanges 41'. The

channels 41 rest upon the upper flanges 25 of the floor beams or sills and the feet or flanges 48 are secured by. bolts 49 thereto. The upper ends of the channels 41 abut against the under 3 side of the web 5'. of the L member 5, and the flanges 4'|' of the channel 41 are formed with feet or shelves 50 turned at right angles thereto, and

outwardly with respect to the feet or flanges l8, abuttingagainst the under side of the web 5' and being secured thereto in any suitable manner, as for example by the bolts 5|. At this point a section of the web 5' is removed to form a conduit opening in line with the duct formed by the channel 4'I, thi s opening being indicated at 52. The truss beam 8 at this point is especiallyconwebs 53' and 54 are disposedin a horizontal plane and caused to diverge at a point 55, a point substantially in advance of the beam 5, and after diverging until their inner edges. are spaced 8. distance approximately equalto the opening 52,

are then continued above the beams 5 in parallel; -spaced ends 56, 51, which project a substantial distance beyond the beams 5, to provide the desired eaveor overhanging of the. roof etc. The

, opening .52 is, therefore, of ample dimensions and shape to facilitate the leading of service pipes and lines to and from points above the ceiling .andfrom and into the ducts formed by the channels .41- and 3D. The bolts 5| may be utilized for fastening the channel 41., the beam 5 and the beam 8 securely together. as shown. The webs of the L'-'-beam-35 are of the a An :intermediate roof truss (Figs. 2, 3, 16, and

121) comprises the horizontal trusslmembers 8,

theinclined truss members and the intermediate bracing BI and 62. H An end truss (Figs. 2,

3a, 9 16, and 18) comprises a. structure 1 superposed upon the beams 5, the inclined beams 63 and the intermediate bracing members 64.

The beam 60 comprises a web 65 disposed in a vertical plane, to the opposite sides of which are secured two L-shaped members, the'webs 66 of which lie flat against the vertical web 65 and are substantially flush therewith at their upper edges. The web 65 projects below the webs 61 of these L-shaped members. At the lower end where this beam 66 rests upon the overhanging ends 56 and 51 of the truss beam 8 (see Fig. 21) the part 65 of the beam 60 and the L-shaped members are formed into a bearing surface, flat underneath, to rest upon a plate 66 which is secured to and bridges the overhanging ends 56 and 51, the two being suitably secured together, as for example by the bolts 66'. For this purpose the webs 61 are provided with feet 61 turned at an obtuse angle to the main body of the web 61 and the width of the webs 66 are correspondingly reduced at 66 to match the angularly displaced feet61', the under edge of the web 65 being formed with a surface flush with the under side of the feet 61', the beams 60 being secured to the plates 68 and thence to the extensions and 51 of the beam 8 by means of the bolts 68.

The-ridge structure is shown in Figs. 4 and 16. This ridge structure comprises a multiplicity of plate members comprising two layers of staggered plate members 10, 11, and 1! extending horizontally the length of the ridge. The members 1i and 11' are made a part of the truss members '60 and 63, being welded or bolted thereto before being shipped to the home-site. The intermediate ridge members 10 are composed of staggered plates I82 and I63 welded or riveted together. The webs .66, for example, of the beams 68 have their ends 12 turned out of the plane thereof and at right angles thereto, but inclined to the upper edges thereof so as to abut flat against the staggered ridge member 1 I; the webs 61 are formed so as to have their ends flush with the abutting surfaces of the feet 12 and the upper end of the web 65 is similarly formed with an abutting edge flush with the abutting surfaces of the feet 12. The upper end of the beam 66 is anchored to the ridge structure 1 I, as before mentioned, in any suitable manner, as for example by bolts passing through the feet 12 or by welding as shown, the ridge members 1| and the feet 12 abutting thereagainst on the opposite side. The bracing members 6| and 62 of the intermediate truss are fastened at their lower ends to the abutting webs 53 and 54 of the beam 8 and are fastened at their upper end to the central web 65 in any suitable manner, as for example by bolting, riveting or welding.

An end roof truss (Figs. 2, 3a, 16, 18, and 19) includes an elongated plate 15 mounted upon the horizontal web 5 of the corresponding floor or ceiling beam 5, this elongated plate overhanging the beam 5 both laterally and longitudinally. The inclined truss member 63 rests at its lower end upon-the projecting end 15-of the plate 15. The truss member 63 comprises a central elongated web 16 and a pair of elongated angle irons having webs 11and 18 abutting against opposite sides of the webs 16, the other webs or wings 11' and 18 of these angle irons being reverselydisposed with respectto each other in the vertical direction. The wean of'the angle iron has its lower end 18 turned atlan angle thereto to form a foot rest flat against the overhanging end 15' or the plate 16 and the web 16 of the opposite angle iron is similarly formed to form a bearing edge resting upon the plate. The web 16 projects up above the two angle irons carried thereby to form a projecting edge 80, and also has a sufficient width to project a substantial distance down beyond the two angle irons, and this lower projecting edge is also cut off at an angle on its lowermost end flush with the foot 19 of the angle iron to form a bearing surface. The upper end of the web 16 is formed into an abutting flange 8| abutting against the ridge member 1I' and the web 18' of the angle iron has its end turned downwardly to form an abutting flange 82 for resting against the flange 6|. The two end truss members 63 abut at opposite sides against the ridge structure 1|, the plates 11' being welded or riveted to the flanges 8| (see Fig. 16). I

A special frame structure 1 is built upon the elongated truss plate 15, comprising an elongated L-beam 85 having a flange 86 disposed in a vertical plane and a horizontal flange or web 81 and this L-beam is supported up above the level of the truss plate 15 by means of spacers 68, the latter having feet 88' resting upon the truss plate 15 and bearing against the under side of the flange 81 respectively, with bolts indicated in Fig. 19 for securing the parts together. The beam 85 is suitably formed at its end to abut against the-inclined roof truss member 63, as for example having the end of the flange 81 turned downwardly to form a foot 89 hearing against the flange 16' of the truss member 63. Also the flange 86 is similarly formed with an edge bearing against the inclined flange 18. The flange 86 of the L-beam bears at its end against the outside 2 surface of the web 16 and the two may be firmly secured together by bolts 90.

The bracing frame member 64 is'in the form of an L-beam with the flanges 8| and 92 which rest upon the horizontal flange 81 of the L-beam 85 .(Fig. 19), the lower ends of the flange 9| being turned at right angles thereto to form a foot 83 bearing upon the flange 81. The L-beam is mortised, as indicated, at 92 by mortising off the flange 92 flush with the upper edge of the flange 86 and the outer surface of the flange 92 is flush with the'outer surface of the flange 86. In order to reinforce and securely fasten the brace 64 to the beam 65 a bracket 94, having a foot 94 resting upon the foot 93, is secured to the flange 82, the flange 86 and the flange 81 by means of the bolts 95 indicated. At its upper end the brace 64 is securely fastened to the flange 18 of the truss member 63, the flan'ge 9| being turned over at its upperend to form a bearing surface. 86 (see Figs. 2 and 3) abutting against the under surface of the flange 18, while the flange 92 is cut off to form a bearing edge against the under surface of the flange 18 and any suitable means may be provided for firmly fastening the upper end of this brace to the truss member, as for example by welding, bolting or riveting the flange 82 against the web 16 or to the flange 18'.

Any suitable cross members needed may be provided between the floor or ceiling beams 5 and the truss members. 6, such for example as a beamformed of two L members 91 (Fig. 19) with two of their flanges back to back and with their horizontal flanges 61 resting upon the plate 15 and the webs 53' or 54 at the other end and these beam structures 81 may be securely fastened in positionin any suitable manner, as for example by the bolts 88 passing through the plate 15.

The roof ridge members 16, 1|, and 1|, formed ofi staggering leaf lengths} disposed in vertical Fplanes, are ian advantage becausejof the rigidity in structure and the simplicity inassembly and the economy and facility with which the same may; be prefabricated, shipped and assembled. For example the two members I 00-and II0I form- I Iin'g the'end roof truss ridgeIIIQare of different -lengthsywhile the leaves I02and l03 of the intermediate "roof ridge members 10 are of greater *10 length thanireither of the lengths I00 and) IIlI, but are IIofI theksame :lengtht L'I he lengths I04 and I05-of the ridge member II at an intermediate: roofatruss may also be of :the same Ilength rand soIIon ,to; the other end of the-ridge twhere {unequal lengths are provided to match the unequal lengths I00 and MI (or the unequal I lengthsxof othertle'aves) A continuous smooth surface =ridge' is thereby; obtained of I sectional *arewgenerally:interchangeable: At I06 are'indi i I Icated v transverse! bolts for securing the units. I0 tothe adjacent unitsr'l I and II these boltspass: ing throughoVerIappingIendsof leaves as indi- 2-5 catedwflnnglelengths-I01are welded or otherwlseI secured flat fagainst the intermediate ridge members :10 for alpurpose 'hereinafter described. -In Figs. 13, 13c, and 13d is shown -an-intermean jendj roof truss construction corresponding theretowhich isparticularlyadaptablefto a light-- er house ccnstruction than thatfdescribed above. -Refeiring' to the intermediate roof truss it com- 250 horizontally disposedand resting at either rend upon the' outside beam members 5. This for example-by welding-or bolting; two L members25'2. "Theoutwardly extending flanges 252' of the L member have theirendslturned at an angleto the main body of thebeam to form feet 2 .45 2 53 whichrest upon either'sideof the web 250 iof the horizontal-member at its projecting end. 2

i1:50"inclined trussmember are"sec'ured together in any suitable Imanner', "as" forexample' by the "bolts 263 1311" desired; the twofbeam members of the truss maybe further reinforced by securing the bolts 255, and for this purpo'se the" two beams are oifset'zslightly with respec ed eachbther to Ia di'stanceequal tofthefthickness of theweb 25I,-jsoasto'enablethe two vertical webs to pass Preferably the ridge "structureiii Figs. 9a and 13 is similar to'th'e ridge structure above described. "The end roof truss embodie's 'an inclined roof 2 seam ess comprising a Vertical web i 251' and two "sides of they vertic al' webj 25"! andintermediate ythe upper "and lower edges" thereof. The horizontal trussbeam comprises apair of" L beams 260, 261 having their vertical flanges securedat 70 the ends to-Itheopposite sides of the web 256,

I I both L beams 260;:26II resting ,upon the outside I beam 5 I-with the ceilingppanels I26; I21" resting upom the horizontal web. of beam member 260.

l :The gableewalll comprises prefabricated panels 175 ofany suitable material such as an inner layer standard characterwithout'the necessity 'of mor- I tisingand other-fitting operations and the parts diate roof trussconstruction and Fig. 9a shows bprises a horizontal 1T- beam 53a with the web of cellotex 262, an intermediate layer of laminated wood I10. or if: desired insulation andan outer layer of wood 263. The inner layer 262 with the laminated wood I10 may be anchored in position in anysuitable manner, as for exam ple by means of maleand female bolts I65, I66 as below described which are fastened to the in-, clined beams 256 and the horizontal beams 26I. The outer layer 263 of woodmay be fastened in anyIsuitjable manner, as forexample by nailing.

A corner molding 264 is indicated :with metallic flash 265 formingthe continuation of the metallic roof '204 .and; suitable moldings 266 are fastenedadjacent the horizontalbeam 260, 26L I Insidemolding at the horizontal beam isindicated I w zzsy oora ceilings, etc. 1 The concretefloor H0 is cast and suspended ontheoutside channels I and cross channels 2, the floor being cast with reinforcing wire, omitted for convenience, and thewhole unitbecomes aImonolith which cannot possibly pull apart.v

Preferably theslabs I I 0 have incorporated therein 'a waterproofing paint and the concrete is laid I upon sheathing boards sheathing boards will remainin place until. they rot'and will afford additional protection-Ito the Ill (Fig; 17), which concrete. from'cold and moisture. These boards.

;;hcwever,.do not cover -the entire space of the bearing formedbythe'flanges 3| and 25 so that the concrete is "not dependent on'the boards for supportafter it once sets. Any type of floor embodiment' of the interior and exterior walls incorporated into the steel frame structure above described} the vertical studs 4 include the vertical plate or web I I 5 welded or otherwisefastened tothe back of the vertical stud channel 41. I To the backs of these webs II5 are fastened the vertical nailing members I-IB, such for example "'ofa suitable wood or fibre and corresponding nailing parts H1, H8 are fastened to the L- beam members 35, the farmer to the outside surface of one of the'fianges of the L andthelatter to the innersurface ofone of theflanges of the L. Similar'nailing beams II8" and III are nailed to-the otherflanges of the L' 35. These nailing beams may be secured in" any suitable manner, as for example by the bolts II9 indicated; Composite sheathing I20 prefabricated in sectionsat-the factory are then nailed to these nailing members H6, H1 "and M8 to formthe base'ofthecutside wall. Qornerpieces I2.-I;-and

"I22 prefabricated 'at the factory are also proyided ahdinaildto the corner nailing bars. The

prefabricated units or sections I20 are preferably substantlallyfflush with the webs H5 and the flanges of .the'jcorner' L beams 35 Ifhis sheathing may be covered with insulating building paper orwithfwire lathes I23 and any'exterior finish may be incorporated as desired, such for example as shingles or stucco I24. Thain teriorofthe sheathing I20 may be covered with a paddingfo'r heat and cold insulation if desired.

any'suitable commercial padding: of this character beingrusablen I In the embodiment of Figs. 4 and 8 the interior wall is formed of a composite cellotex and sheet rock structure, the cellotex being indicated at I26 and the sheet rock at I21. This is also made in sections, prefabricated and ready for assembly by unskilled workmen. For this purpose nailing bars or blocks I23 are secured to the inside of the webs II5 and against the channel flanges 41' and other nailing bars or blocks I23 are fastened within the L members 36, 36' and these members together form the ground work -.to which the composite cellotex and sheet rock sections or sheets I26, I21 may be readily nailed or fastened; This construction leaves air spaces I30 between the interior wall and the outside sheathing which also assists in insulation against heat and moisture. If desired, these air spaces may be filled with any suitable insulating or moist-proof material.

A feature of the construction of this application is the flexibility as to the disposition and positioning of windows, doors and the-like which maybe positioned between any of the-vertical studs 3 and 4 as it may be desired. Where a window or door is desired such window or door I is positioned between two adjacent vertical studs 3 and4 or 4 and 4, these studs being positioned at that point to receive a prefabricated window frame structure upon which windows of any desired character may be mounted. A window frame structure is shown, for example, in Figs.

2, 4, and 8. The support for the window frame comprises a pair of cross girders I3l and a channel member I33 attached thereto, the webs I32 being fastened at their ends to the web I I5 of,a vertical stud 4 and to the web 35 of a corner stud 3. Upper and lower window frame members I34 and I35 are mounted upon the webs I32, the upper. member I34 comprising two parallel offset web parts I36 and I31 with a right angle part I36 adjoining them and laying flat against the lower edge of the web I32. The frame member I34 carries a depending flange I33 and this flange I33 and the right angle part I36 form engaging surfaces against which bear the window indicated at I40. The lower frame member I35 also has an upstanding flange I33 corresponding to the flange I33 and then the right angle part I38 corraponding to the right angle part I36, the web part I31 of the lower frame member I35 is downwardly inclined to facilitate watershed. The side window frame members I36 are similar to i the upper window frame member I34 and are mounted with their right angle shoulder parts I38 bearing against the'webs II5 of the vertical studs 4, as shown in Fig. 8, or as against one web H5 and a corner web 35. ,Immediateiy'surrounding the inner window frame member comprising the parts I34 and I35 is a molding I4I formedof sheet metal having an inner flange part I42 fitting aroundtheparts I31 of'the inner frame member and a flange part I43 fitting under the inner frame part I31'.- This flange I42, I43 is offset at I44 and merges into the molding part I45, I45, the moldin'gpart I45 extending three-fourths around th'elwindow andthe part I45 being disposed underneath the window I ,and having an upper inclined wall I46 to facilitate the drain of water, etc. The part l31may be welded to molding part-I45 and similarly part I31 may be welded to molding part I45. The

molding part I45 proper is rectangular in section with a border flange I41 abutting against the outside sheathing I20, while the lower molding part I45 departs fromthe rectangular section as shown and is provided with a border flange I48 bearing against the sheathing I20. A fltting block or member I43 of any suitable material may be provided between the offset part I44 of the molding frame and the web I32 (Fig. 4). Suitable interior molding for the window may be provided, such as the molding I50 for the upper edge and sides of the window and a lower molding I5I for the lower edge of the window. For fastening the side parts I50, the nailing block or bar I52 is fastened to a block I26, the outside surface of the latter being flush with the interior wall I26 and I21. For fastening the upper and lower interior moldings, nailing members I53 and I54 are provided, the inner blocks I53 bearing against the web I32 and the channel I33 and the outer blocks I54 bearing in turn against the inner blocks I53 and having their outer surfaces flush-with the surface of the interior wall.

Fig. 8a'shows a horizontal section corresponding to Fig. 8 through a vertical stud at a point where there is no window or door. At I26 are indicated openings through the blocks I23 and the flanges 41' through which electrical conduits or the like are led from the vertical channel stud.

Fig; 8b shows an alternative construction to that shown in Fig. 8. Here the interior wall is flush with the flanges 41' of the vertical channel studs and it is composed of an inner layer of cellotex I and outer layers I 6| of sheet rock, this interior wall lying flat against the inner surface of the web II5. Where there is no partition to cover up the open channel 41 suitable moldings I62, I63 are applied thereto in any suitable manner. The interior wall I60, I6I may be fastened in any suitable manner. For this purpose I haveshown horizontal T frame members I64 mounted upon the outside horizontal channel members I (see Fig. 8c) the cross webs of these T members being vertically disposed and the other flange resting upon a flange 25 of the channel I. These T members I64 are fastened in any suitable manner, as for example by. welding, riveting or the like to the channels I. They are provided with female screw bolts parts I65 and male parts I66, thefemale parts I65 being riveted or welded to T members I64 and disposed in-holes near the interior wall and the male parts I66 being inserted therein from the inside and screwed home to flrmly holdthe interior wallI60, I6I in position. Similar fastening means I65, I66 may be provided at top in L member 5 (see Fig. 9) for securing the upper edges and the sides of these interior panel walls at intervals in vertical stud members H5 or corner stud members 35. I

A further modification of the wall structure is shown in Figs.,13, 13a, and 13b. Here the cellotex sheet rock interior panel walls I26, I21 are backed by a layer of laminated wood I10 restin against the interior side 'of the vertical web. I I5,

the web of the corner L member 35 and against the web of the outside ceiling beam 6. These panels may be fastened in any suitable manner, as for example by the femaleand male fastening bolts I65, I66, the parts I65.being carried by the vertical webs I I5, by the horizontal beams5 and, if necessary, the bottom byangle pieces I64 mounted upon the channels I (Fig. 13b). The

panels I26, I21 are flush with the vertical studs.

41, and suitable molding devices I62, I63 may be positioned over the open sides of the vertical channel studs 41. Suitable vertical molding devices I1I, I1I' may be provided (Fig. 13a) and any suitable outside wall orflnish maybe in- 'c'orporated and: for this purpose fnailing blocks 1I112 arefastened by bolts to the vertical corner L member 35 which1withthe nailing blocks I I6 and nailing blocks 113 securednto the horizontal door frame beamenable. any kind of wall, and finish to. be applied; In Figyl3b the lattice work 1*14bisembodiedas the outside finish}; nailing blocks orpartsallti being: secured tOyth-flOOI channels I force-operating with the other: nailing blocks and bars :and :receiving the lattice Fig. 13.,also.shows the facilitywith-which a predetermined door and frame may be incorporated at any desired iocation the door being indieated at I16. When it is desired to incorporate a door: at a. particular location it is only necessary, ito incorporate a horizontal channel beam I3I backed by a .web or plate I32, this composite member? being fastened inthe manner above described withtrespect to horizontal beam I3I (Fig. 4). for. the window. 3 The upper part-of \the door frame is indicated at .,I11 andthe lower part at 'I18',the side frame members or parts are not illustratedibut they are similar to the frame part I11comprising an inwardly extending flange I19 andan outwardly extending flange I88, the two "flanges I19'and I88vforming bearing surfaces against which'the door I1Ii bears.

V The lower frame member I18 is shown-as having-shoulders I19 and I88? formedthereonas the jamb surfaces =for-the bottom part ;of=lthe ,door corresponding to the bearing surfaces I19 and I88 and exteriorlythis framemember I18 is provided with an overhangingskirt. or drain -I8I. -An

elongated plate I82;is mounted upon and secured to the upperflange .of the channel I and is pro- (videdwith an upwardly. turned flangel82,;the

upper edge: of which forms. a bearing surface for theunderside of the frame member I18. The -40- latter is provided with an interior part -I83 of anydesired moldin ifinish. The frame'parts I11 and 118 may be: in'wseparate piecesor in one isingle piece prefabricated at the factory and may be anchored in position in any suitable manner, as for example by thGjbOlt-S I I 84 passingthrough the flange of-the channel I33, and also through a cfltting ,iniblock I53. The open channel .I3I' may be covered with any suitable'molding I62, I63.

Referrin to ms. 4,15, 9, Isa, and. mim c-e11- :ing: comprises a composite layer of :cellotex and isheet rock l28' andl21', the panels thereof rest- .ing at one end on the ,flanges 53', 54 of the L beams- 539-54, andlatthe otherend or; side on horizontal .plate members 15 extendingoout over the interior wall .panels I26. 1 21. Suitable molding devices I81; I8-If are'fastenedinany suitable loo mannerto the underside of the -L beams 53 -54, asfor example by means I of the screws indicated, and 1a holdingmeans I88 is carried by the L beams 59-54 havingw fingers I 88" bearing ,gdown r 1 fithemin placei: In Fig.- 13 the ceiling panels 428, =l21' reston ends or sides upon the-moldings I89 andg'r members 53a; and a: molding finish I89 I is applied to the corner.

- In Fig.i9 the ceiling I26, I21:rests1on:one side on the plating webf15 and clip means I 98 fastened to the plate:15 and flange by means of bolts,

. as shown; frictionally hold the ceiling panels in positionr In.;Fig.19 is showna condition where great width 0f:. room may-require across ceiling beam .191 at 1rightrangles totbearns 5 3 and 5 4, inwhich case the flanges 91' will rest on one end bolted bybolts 98 to plate and at the otheneiid on flanges.53'-54'vof beams 53-54, and securely boltedthereto. In this case. ceiling I21'--I2Ii' can rest on flanges 91' and moldings I81.

Roof construction The roof.1ls arranged to take'either slate. or any other composition or shingles. Referring to Figs. 4, 9.13,:16, and 18,.the L members of the inclined roof trusses, namelyitheLfs 66,1 61 and 11, 11 carrying-nailing blocks 288, these nailing blocks being substantiallyflush with theLearrying: members and forming. together with the nailing blocks 28I carried by the cross L's I81 whichare welded to the ridge, a background upon which the roof may beiflrmly secured; ,These nailing blocks may be'secured in position in any suitable manner, the blocks 28I, 1for-example.

being secured bybolts 282; (Fig. '4 passing all the way through the blocks disposed on opposite sides of the'ridge 18 and through the angle :pieces I81. Ashingle' roof 283 is indicated in Fig. 4, while in Fig. 9 ,theroof finish is omitted, and in Fig. 13 the roof284 isiindicated as a metal roof but may beany desiredform of roof. At 285 are indicated transverse bolts passing through nailing or fastening blocksf288 and 288 which are carried by the end'inclined rooftrussea-the bolts passing: throughboth blocks and through the webs of the truss. The blocks 288 on intermediate truss membersmay be similarly fastened in positioni In Fig; 9 isfshown the wallconstruction for the gables. The nailingblock.286 together with the nailing block 281 carried bysthe. horizontal L member 85 form a nailing background to which the wallbase 288, such as sheathing or weatherboa-rding and the like, insulated as at I23. may

be, fastened or nailed and any finish maythen be applied, such for example as shingles 2"). If desired, a nailing block or bar 2 may be secured, as for example by the bolts indicated,

to the outside of the horizontalL beam 5, as a nailing block for the boarding 288'and the boarding I20 and to form a continuous layer. of insulating paper or the like I23.

I-Iorizontally dis ,posed watershdmolding'means 2 I2 may be DIO-i vided immediately below the gable shingles and suitable moldlngand finishdevices 2I 2', 2I3, and2I4 are associated therewith and underneath the same. fat 28 l'and fillingblock 2I5 is disposed under the roof and 'up against the boarding 288 and suitable'moldingflnish.218, 2H, 2I8, and .2I9 is The roof284a; overhangs the gable associated with the roof edge. j .InFig. 4 eaves molding finish is shown compristerbeing mortised to" receive the upper" end of the shingles. A nailing block 224 is bolted to the under side of the beam ends 59- 51 for facilitating the application of this molding" device. In

ing the members 228,.{22l, 222, and 223, the lat- Fig."l3a nailing and spacing block 224 is bolted totheunder side of the flanges of the girders 53a and a suitable molding finish 226 lsnailedat the upper end .to thisblock 224"'and at its lower end to the block 221. "At 228 is indicated a metallic flashing meansfor preyentingaccess of water to the'ridge. A

r Partitions A feature of the construction is, the facility by which partitions maybe set up at any points desired. Interior partitionsJor example, may be readily set up by incorporating a.v sleeper in the into the sleeper 230 by means of the holes provided in the feet 233, shim plates being utilized to tighten'the stud, whereupon the partition becomes a solid fixed partition. The partition construction shownin Fig. 14 is purposely illustrated in skeleton form. In addition to the vertical studs 232 and the top plate 23 l it is provided with intermediate horizontal members 234 having their ends 234 turned at right angles thereto to form means for securing the wall members to the studs through the aid of nailing blocks 235, 236 as indicated. In Fig. 8 a section of a partition is shown at the corner with a wall finish on either side 221 of sheet rock or the like. In Fig. 8b a similar partitionis shown adjacent a vertical stud channel 41., the partition forming the closure for this channel.

Service pipe and line distribution A general plan of the house embodying the invention is shown in Fig. 1. In the particular embodiment shown the boiler or heating plant room 240 is centrally disposed. though it may be otherwise positioned. The floor of this boiler room is a few feet lower than the main floor of the house. The boiler room 240 is partitioned off according to any standard plan of partition but preferably the partitions above described. It may have these partitions extend up to the ceiling with the ceiling removed from the partitions soas to be opened up to the roof. Whether open or closed, however, the supply lines and pipes run upwardly from the boiler room to the space between the ceiling and the roof. vI have indicated one of the pipes at 24! thus disposed above the ceiling (Fig. 3). lhese pipes are then laid down through. the opening provided between the splayed feet'56 and 51 of the truss 8 and thence downwardly through the channels 41 of the vertical studs 4 to the points of'desired use. In view of the two or more vertical studs 4 disposed on the outside of a room, a supply pipe or line may be run to any particular point in the room desired, for example. as indicated in Fig. 3, the pipe line 2 runs down through one of the vertical channel studs is taken out through the open side thereof by means of a connection 242 leading to a radiator 243 and from thence through a connection 244 to the return line 245 returning through the cross channel 2 on its return to the boiler room. The vertical channel studs 41 having their open sides'disposed inwardly facilitates the distribution to the points desired. Vertically extending pipes passing through the channel studs are designated by the numeral 24 l In Fig; 8 is shown this supply pipe line 24i' as mounted within the vertical channel stud by means of the retaining ;devices 246. Preferably this unit including the channel and the pipe 2 is prefabricated and assembled at the factory so that it is ready for -makingfltl'ie connections242, 244, and 241 which,iof course, may be done by unskilled labor. Similarly the pipe 245 may be assembled at the factory and mounted in the floor channel 30, supports 248 being bolted by lugs 249 carried by the channel. These supports 248 are mounted at the proper level to give-the required incline to the pipe 245 and'this channeltogether with the pipe 245 may be purchased as a prefabricated unit at the factory. The risers or connections leading up from the boiler room 240 to a point above the ceiling are omitted for convenience in illustration. The main water supply pipes are thus all overhead and since the roof is sheathed and insulated and the cellar boiler room open to the roof all these service lines, .while wrapped, will be protected against frost and are readily accessible for repairs and replacements.

In Fig. 3, attached in any desired manner to sill beam i, is shown an angle iron 250 which would be necessary in case a brick or stone veneer finish for the outside of house were desired. This L 250 would, of course, 'run entirely around the house or wherever necessary as a base for the brick or stone or the like.

An opening 236' through block 236 and vertical stud 232 leading from vertical channel stud 41 into the interior of partition wall is shown for distributing plugs at any convenient points (Figs. 8b and i4). Openings 235' may be provided, if desired, for passage of cables verticallythrough horizontal partition frame members 234, 235 to plugs which may be there disposed.

A house structure, as above described, may be made more durable and more satisfactory than the present day constructions and by entirely eliminating the cellar, the plastering and the greater part of the skilled labor usually required, thehouse can be built in quantity production for less money than the normal construction and still be a much better built house. The adaptability of the construction to the various architectural designs and the standard working materials is also an important feature of the construction. The particular foundation comprising the special pier construction eliminates the greater part of the skilled labor usually required in the preparation of the foundation and at a saving of both'tir'ne and material for its erection. The wall sheathing sections which'are nailed to the top and bottom nailing ground bars are prefabricated at the mill so that allthat is necessary is that they may be set in place and nailed in position with horizontal cleats holding the sheathing boards together which are in turn nailedon to strips bolted on to the sheath uprights. This sheathing in turn receives the outside shingles and the cornice and the laying of these shingles and cornice together with a few strips of molding on the insideoi the house practically constitute the entire skilled labor required.

The wiring and piping come down from above the ceiling through the vertical channel studs so as to permit base plugs or side outlets at any points desired and also by using metal clamps heating pipes are furnished in the stud-already in place so'that merely a joint needs to be hooked up on the reverse male and female thread to take the piping into the radiator and from the radiator back into the channel. 7

The wall, such for example as the double section of sheet rock on the outsideof a layer of heavy cellotex or the like, is fastened in place against the vertical studs and this is all set up with lag screws and with angle irons at top and bottom to prevent drafts and vermin and is fireproof. The air space between the outside sheathing and this insulating layer may be filled clude inclined members formed of a vertical web having fastened to the opposite sides thereof a pair of L-shaped members.

- I 7. A prefabricated house structure of the character set forth in claim 2 wherein the inclined truss members are formed of a vertical web having fastened to the opposite sides thereof a pair of L-shaped members, the L-shaped members of the intermediate trusses having one of their flanges abutting the webs and their other flanges oppositely disposed. with the L members of the end trusses being mounted on flanges abutting against the opposite sides of the webs but dis' posed reversely with respect to each other.

8. A prefabricated structure of the character set forth in claim 4 wherein the vertical channel studs have the ends of the parallel flanges turned at right angles to the main body thereof to form bearing surfaces and fastening means.

9. A prefabricated structure of the character set forth in claim 4 wherein the vertical channel studs-have the upper ends of one of their side flanges turned outwardly at right angles to positions adjacent said offset ends to form bearing surfaces, and attaching means therefor;

10. A prefabricated house structure of the character set forth in claim 4 comprising horizontal outside channel members upon which the vertical channel studs rest.

11. A prefabricated structure of the character set forth in claim 3 wherein the horizontal channels comprise a central channel member with the side flanges vertically disposed and two side channel members with their webs abutting against the side flanges with the side flanges of the second named channels extending laterally.

12. A prefabricated house structure of the character set forth in claim 2 wherein the inclined truss members comprise a central web disposed in vertical planes and L members with one each of their flanges engaging the opposite side of said web member and with the other flanges having their lower ends turned at an obtuse angle to the plane thereof to form bearing and attaching feet for attachment to said splayed feet.

'13. A prefabricated house structure of the character set forth in claim 2 wherein the projecting splayed feet are bridged by a plate and the inclined truss members are forrmed at their lower end with a bearing surface for engagement with said plate and to form an attaching means therefor.

14. A prefabricated house structure of the character set forth in claim 2 wherein horizontal L beams rest upon the upper ends of the vertical channel studs, the latter having the ends of their side flanges turned outwardly to form a bearing and fastening surface for-said horizontal beams said truss members having their splayed feet resting upon said horizontal beams and above the bearing surfaces of the vertical channel studs, and said L beams having their horizontal webs removed to clear the openings leading into the vertical channel stud ducts.

15. A prefabricated house structure comprising outside horizontal frame members resting upon the foundation, a plurality of vertical studs resting upon said horizontal frame memberswthe corner studs comprising L members with smaller L members secured to the inside surfaces of the flanges thereof, horizontal L L frame members resting upon the upper ends of the corner studs with one flange of the smaller L members turned at right angles at their ends to form bearing and to" form a wall 'flnish.

20. A house structure of the character set forth attaching feet bearing against said horizontal frame members.

16. A prefabricated house structure comprising outside horizontal frame members resting upon the foundation, a plurality of vertical studs resting upon said horizontal frame members, the corner studs comprising L members with smaller L members secured to the inside surfaces of the flanges thereof, horizontal L frame members resting upon the upper ends of the corner studs with one flange of the smaller L members turned at right-angles at their ends to form bearing and attaching feet bearing against said horizontal frame members, the intermediate studs comprising vertical webs with channels having their webs backed against said first named webs with their side flanges extending inwardly and having their ends turned at right angles to form bearing and attaching feet in engagement with said horizontal frame members.

17. A prefabricated house structure comprising outside horizontal frame members resting upon the foundation, a plurality of vertical studs resting upon said horizontal frame members, the corner studs comprising L members with smaller L members secured to the inside surfaces of the flanges thereof, horizontal L frame members resting upon the upper ends of the corner studs with one flange of the smaller L members turned at right angles at their ends to form bearing and attaching feet bearing against said horizontal frame members, theintermediate studs comprising vertical webs with channels having their webs backed against said flrst named webs with their side flanges extending inwardly and having their ends turned at right angles to form bearing and attaching feet in engagement with said horizontal frame members, and a horizontal door or window frame support fastened at its ends to the webs of adjacent vertical studs.

18. In a prefabricated structure of the character set forth in claim 16 wherein T members are carried by the lower horizontal frame members with their outside flanges disposed flush with the corner L flanges and'the webs of the intermediate studs.

19; A house structure of the character set forth in claim 16 comprising nailing blocks fastened to the outside surfaces 'of the horizontal frame members and the vertical studs, with outside building units nailed to said nailing groundwork for the reception of an outside in claim 16 comprising nailing blocks fastened to the outside surfaces of the horizontal frame members and the vertical studs, with outside building units nailed to said nailing groundwork to form a wall for the reception of an outside flnish and a nailing groundwork fastened to the inside of said horizontal frame and vertical stud members for the reception of an interior wall or finish.

21. A house structure of the character set forth in claim 16 comprising nailing blocks fastened to the outside surfaces of the horizontal frame mem-- bers and the vertical studs, with outside building units'nailed to said nailing groundwork to form a wall for the reception of an outside flnish and T members carried by the horizontal frame members together with male and female screw mem-' bers carried thereby for fastening an interior wall or finish to the horizontal frame and vertical stud members.

22. A structure of the character set forth in claim 16 wherein thehorizontal frame members resting upon the foundation are provided with shelves for the support of an outside brick finish or the like.

23. A structure of the character set forth in claim 16 comprising auxiliary beams mounted upon the horizontal frame membersresting upon the foundation to provide means for the attachment of an interior wallflnish and means carried by the other frame members for co-operation therewith in fastening the interior wall or finish.

' 24. A house structure of the character set forth in claim 16 wherein certain of the corner vertical stud members have the smaller L members iastened to the inner surfaces of the flanges with a nailing groundwork carried thereby.

25. A house structureof the character set forth .in claim 16 wherein at least one of the corner vertical stud members has the smaller L members in claim 4 comprising horizontal channel floor beams disposed adjacent to certain channel studs to serve as return ducts for the service lines.

27. A house structure of the character set forth in claim 4 comprising corner vertical studs and horizontal supporting beams disposed between certain of saidvertical members for the reception of standard window frames.

28. A house structure of the character set forth in claim 4 comprising corner vertical stud members and horizontal frame members upon which the vertical frame members rest and a horizontal supporting beam disposed between certain of said vertical members and forming the upper support for a standard door jamb.

29. A structure of the character set forth in claim 4 comprising a partition structure in the plane of a vertical channel, said partition struc-

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