US20160262236A1 - LED Module - Google Patents

LED Module Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20160262236A1
US20160262236A1 US15/157,193 US201615157193A US2016262236A1 US 20160262236 A1 US20160262236 A1 US 20160262236A1 US 201615157193 A US201615157193 A US 201615157193A US 2016262236 A1 US2016262236 A1 US 2016262236A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
led
circuit
module
lighting apparatus
led lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/157,193
Inventor
Stacey H West
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mag Instrument Inc
Original Assignee
Mag Instrument Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mag Instrument Inc filed Critical Mag Instrument Inc
Priority to US15/157,193 priority Critical patent/US20160262236A1/en
Publication of US20160262236A1 publication Critical patent/US20160262236A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H05B33/0851
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21LLIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF, BEING PORTABLE OR SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TRANSPORTATION
    • F21L4/00Electric lighting devices with self-contained electric batteries or cells
    • F21L4/005Electric lighting devices with self-contained electric batteries or cells the device being a pocket lamp
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • F21V23/0414Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches specially adapted to be used with portable lighting devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • F21V23/0442Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • F21V23/0442Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors
    • F21V23/0457Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors the sensor sensing the operating status of the lighting device, e.g. to detect failure of a light source or to provide feedback to the device
    • H05B33/0815
    • H05B33/089
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/56Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits involving measures to prevent abnormal temperature of the LEDs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2101/00Point-like light sources
    • F21Y2101/02
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10Controlling the intensity of the light
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/375Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/38Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using boost topology
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention relates to a lighting module including a light emitting diode (LED), and pertains particularly to an energy regulating, thermally stable LED based module for use in handheld portable lighting devices, such as flashlights.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • LEDs have been used in various applications including illuminating watches, transmitting information from remote controls, and forming images on jumbo television screens. More recently, LEDs have been used in portable lighting devices (such as flashlights), because, among other things, LEDs can last longer, produce light more efficiently, and can be more durable than incandescent lamps commonly used in conventional flashlights. Moreover, because flashlights that use incandescent lamps dominate the field, LED modules (a module that uses an LED as its light source) have been designed that can be retrofitted into existing flashlights.
  • LEDs produce more light with increased forward current.
  • the LED may be driven close to its maximum forward current value to produce more light.
  • the available voltage is limited or depletes over time, such as in the case of a battery powered flashlight, delivering a forward current close to the LED's maximum value may not be possible.
  • a similar concern exists if the battery or batteries contained in an existing flashlight provides too much voltage, thereby delivering a forward current above the LED's maximum value, which will result in damage to the LED.
  • the existing flashlight into which the LED module is used may not be able to sufficiently dissipate the increased heat that is produced by the LED.
  • Most LEDs have projected life and lumen capacity that is conditioned on maintaining a prescribed LED operating temperature. If this temperature is not maintained, the life and/or the strength of the light generated by the LED diminishes. Accordingly, if the existing flashlight into which the LED module is retrofitted is insufficient in this regard, the LED module itself must self-control the amount of heat that the LED generates to ensure that the LED or the electronics that may control the LED are not damaged.
  • the present invention involves a lighting module that is energy regulating and thermally self-stabilizing, and that is able to be retrofitted into an existing flashlight.
  • the lighting module includes an LED, an amplifying circuit and a microchip.
  • the amplifying circuit has a thermistor arranged to sense heat from the LED.
  • the microchip is coupled to the amplifying circuit and a switching device to regulate the energy that is delivered to the LED.
  • the switching device may be part of a boosting circuit, a bucking circuit or an inverting circuit.
  • the lighting module includes a conductive housing, an LED, and a circuit board.
  • the circuit board includes a module circuit that is electrically coupled to the LED.
  • the circuit is at least partially contained within the cavity of the housing and also has a thermistor to sense heat from the LED.
  • the thermistor may be coupled to an amplifying circuit.
  • the gain of the amplifying circuit may adjust according to the temperature senses by the thermistor.
  • the output of the amplifying circuit may also be the input to a microchip.
  • the module can have a module circuit that is configured to regulate energy that is delivered to the LED based on the sensed temperature of the LED.
  • the LED module can have a module circuit that includes an energy regulating circuit and a thermal sensitive amplifying circuit.
  • FIG. 1A is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a main circuit of an electronic device.
  • FIG. 1B is a sectional view of a flashlight embodying the main circuit of FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the forward section of the flashlight of FIG. 1B .
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a module circuit.
  • FIG. 4A is a sectional view of an LED module implementing the module circuit of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 4B is an exploded view of an LED module implementing the module circuit of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 4C is a perspective view of an LED module implementing the module circuit of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a module circuit.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of a module circuit.
  • FIG. 1A a schematic depiction of one embodiment of a main circuit 70 of an electronic device includes a power source 2 , a main switch 4 , and an LED module 40 .
  • Energy from the power source 2 preferably drives the LED module 40
  • the main switch 4 controls the energy that is delivered to the LED module 40 .
  • the main switch 4 simply allows or disrupts the available energy from the power source 2 to reach the LED module 40 .
  • the main circuit 70 is shown in one embodiment of a flashlight 10 .
  • the flashlight 10 includes a barrel 12 , a tailcap assembly 20 , a head assembly 30 , the LED module 40 , and a main switch assembly 50 .
  • the barrel 12 encases two batteries 14 , 15 .
  • the head assembly 30 and the LED module 40 are preferably disposed about the forward end of the barrel 12 ;
  • the tailcap assembly 20 is preferably disposed to enclose the aft end of the barrel 12 ;
  • the main switch assembly 50 is preferably interposed between the LED module 40 and batteries 14 , 15 .
  • the batteries 14 , 15 serve as the power source 2 of the main circuit 70 .
  • the batteries 14 , 15 are alkaline type dry cell batteries.
  • other suitable portable sources of energy may be used including rechargeable type batteries, such as Lithium-Ion, Nickel Metal Hydride or Nickel-Cadmium cells.
  • the barrel 12 preferably has a length suitable to contain a desired number of batteries.
  • the barrel 12 has a length suitable for containing two batteries 14 , 15 .
  • barrels having various lengths are contemplated herein to receive one or more batteries.
  • the main switch assembly 50 serves as the main switch 4 of the main circuit 70 .
  • energy from the batteries 14 , 15 to the main switch assembly 50 preferably flows through a contact button 16 that is interposed between the forwardmost battery 14 and the main switch assembly 50 .
  • the main switch assembly 50 preferably includes a user interface 68 , a plunger 72 , a snap dome 73 , a main switch circuit board 74 , a main switch battery contact 75 , a main switch module contact 76 , and a switch housing 77 .
  • the center electrode of the forwardmost battery 14 is electrically coupled to the main switch battery contact 75 through the contact button 16 ;
  • the main switch battery contact 75 is electrically coupled to the main switch circuit board 74 ;
  • the main switch circuit board 74 is electrically coupled to the main switch module contact 76 .
  • the main switch assembly 50 is preferably a momentary switch.
  • the plunger 72 pushes the snap dome 73 into contact with a select portion of the main switch circuit board 74 .
  • This momentary contact is received as a signal to the switch circuit board 74 which in turn passes or disrupts the energy flow from the batteries 14 , 15 to the main switch module contact 76 .
  • the main switch assembly 50 can turn the flashlight 10 on or off.
  • the main switch circuit board 74 may additionally include circuitry suitable for providing functions to the flashlight 10 , such as for example, flashing, dimming or strobing by affecting the current that is delivered to a light source or, in the illustrated embodiment, the LED module 40 .
  • Other functions may include an electronic game, a global positioning transponder, a digital compass, or other commercially desirable functions.
  • the main switch battery contact 75 and module contact 76 are configured to include curved springs or biasing elements that bear against the contact button 16 and spring 17 , respectively.
  • the main switch circuit board 74 is advantageously protected from, for example, batteries 14 , 15 shifting and pressing on the main switch assembly 50 . In this way, an effective electrical connection can be maintained by the biasing elements while protecting sensitive components, such as the main switch circuit board 74 .
  • the main switch assembly 50 as described above provides a configuration for turning the flashlight 10 on and off, other suitable switches are available for serving this function, such as a simple mechanical switch.
  • the main switch assembly 50 as disclosed herein advantageously provides a flexible configuration for adding, revising or deleting functions from the flashlight 10 .
  • the main switch assembly 50 as described avoids high oxidation problem between contacts often experienced with mechanical switches.
  • the current flowing from the main switch assembly 50 to the LED module 40 is preferably achieved through the spring 17 and a receptacle 18 , (which is disposed about the forward end of the spring 17 ,) that are electrically connected to the main switch module contact 76 on one end and to the LED module 40 on the other end.
  • the spring 17 urges the receptacle 18 toward the positive contact of the LED module 40 .
  • the current flows into the LED module 40 at its positive contact 28 , and flows out of the LED module 40 at its outer housing 24 .
  • the electrical energy then preferably passes through conductive means to the barrel 12 , through the tailcap assembly 20 ; and returns to the negative end of the aftmost battery 15 . In this way, the main circuit 70 of the flashlight 10 is completed.
  • the barrel 12 is preferably made from a conductive material, preferably aluminum, so that it may serve as part of the current path of the main circuit 70 between the LED module 40 and the power source 2 , i.e., batteries 14 , 15 .
  • the barrel 12 may alternatively be made of non-conductive material, such as plastic or rubber, and may include a current path by having a conductive sleeve within a non-conductive barrel to serve as part of the current path.
  • a conductive strip within the barrel can serve as part of the current path. Such a strip is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,585,391.
  • the tailcap assembly 20 preferably includes a cap spring 6 and a cap 8 .
  • the tail cap assembly 20 may be part of the current path between the LED module 40 and the power source 2 , and may receive the current passing through the barrel 12 .
  • the electrical path from the barrel 12 may be to the cap 8 ; to the cap spring 6 , and then to the negative contact of the aftmost battery 15 .
  • the electrical path may bypass the cap 8 and flow directly from the barrel 12 to the battery 15 through the cap spring 6 .
  • Another embodiment may provide an electrical path that bypasses the tailcap assembly 20 altogether and electrically connect the barrel 12 to the battery.
  • a tailcap assembly 20 having a cap spring 6 provides an effective configuration for maintaining a spring assisted electrical connection between the components contained in the flashlight 10 .
  • the head assembly 30 includes a head 31 , a reflector 33 , a lens 35 and a cap 39 .
  • the reflector 33 and lens 35 are interposed between the head 31 and the cap 39 as illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the reflector 33 preferably includes a reflective parabolic surface to reflect the light emanating from the LED module 40 .
  • the head assembly 30 may be secured to the barrel 12 by thread engagement.
  • a schematic depiction of one embodiment of the LED module 40 generally includes an LED lamp 22 and a module circuit 38 .
  • the LED lamp 22 is preferably commercially available and includes an LED and LED leads 82 , 83 to which the module circuit 38 connects.
  • LED's are rated according to permissible operating conditions. For example, an LED may be limited to a maximum forward current rating of 1000 mA, and a maximum LED junction temperature of 135° C.
  • An objective of the present invention is to have the LED lamp 22 produce as much light as possible, for as long as possible, without damaging the LED lamp 22 or the electronics that make up the LED module 40 .
  • This objective is achieved by regulating the current that flows to the LED lamp 22 and monitoring the heat that is generated from the LED lamp 22 .
  • a temperature sensing device is disposed within the LED module 40 to monitor the conditions surrounding the LED. When an undesirable increase in temperature is sensed, the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 may be decreased to protect the LED and the electronics from heat damage. When an undesirable decrease in temperature is sensed, the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 may be increased to cause the LED lamp 22 to produce more light.
  • a first embodiment of the module circuit 38 preferably includes a controlled voltage boosting circuit 44 , a thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 , and a sense resistor 48 .
  • the voltage boosting circuit 44 is controlled because it includes feedback to adjust its output.
  • the boosting circuit 44 is useful in situations where the power source 2 driving the LED module 40 has a maximum potential that is below what is needed to deliver the desired forward current.
  • the power source 2 driving the LED module 40 has a maximum potential that is below what is needed to deliver the desired forward current.
  • the boosting circuit 44 steps up the available voltage to approximately 3.5 Volts so that the desired forward current may be delivered to the LED lamp 22 .
  • the boosting circuit 44 also serves to maintain the desired forward current as the voltage level of the batteries diminish over time.
  • the boosting circuit 44 is a switching regulator.
  • the boosting circuit 44 includes a microchip 46 , a switching MOSFET 54 , an inductor 58 , a capacitor 59 , and a diode 61 .
  • the microchip 46 controls the switching duty cycle of the switching MOSFET 54 .
  • the switching MOSFET 54 , inductor 58 , the capacitor 59 , and the diode 61 are arranged in a manner commonly known to those skilled in the art to form a boost converter.
  • the microchip 46 receives feedback by way of the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 . When the feedback is outside a specified regulation range, the microchip adjusts the MOSFET's duty cycle until the regulation range is met.
  • the boosting circuit 44 described herein may be composed of other suitable circuitry or devices that step up the input voltage.
  • suitable energy storage elements such as a capacitor or a transformer, may also be used.
  • other suitable switching devices such as a transistor, may be used instead of the switching MOSFET 54 .
  • an electrical path connects the output of the boosting circuit 44 to the first LED reception contact 36 ; and the first LED reception contact 36 is coupled to the first LED lead 82 .
  • the current flows out of the LED lamp 22 through the second LED lead 83 , which is coupled to the second LED reception contact 37 .
  • the main power path is through the sense resistor 48 and to ground contact 34 .
  • the sense resistor 48 is used to measure the current that is passing through the LED lamp 22 , and the voltage measured across the sense resistor 48 serves as feedback to the microchip 46 .
  • the sense resistor 48 is very small to minimize power waste.
  • the sense resistor 48 has a value of 0.10 ohms.
  • the sense resistor 48 is very small, the voltage that forms across the sense resistor 48 is also very small. Therefore, before the sense resistor voltage is fed back to the microchip 46 , it is amplified by the amplifier circuit 52 .
  • the thermal stabilizing aspect of the present invention is implemented in the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 .
  • the amplifying circuit 52 includes an operational amplifier 62 , a first resistor 64 , a second resistor 66 , and a thermistor 56 .
  • the thermistor 56 is arranged in parallel with the second resistor 66 .
  • the thermistor 56 is a temperature responsive resistor that changes its resistance according to the sensed temperature. Therefore, as the sensed LED lamp 22 temperature varies, the gain of the amplifying circuit 52 varies.
  • the thermistor 56 has a negative resistance/temperature coefficient. Accordingly, when the temperature of the LED module 40 increases, the thermistor resistance decreases, and the gain of the amplifier circuit 52 increases. With the microchip feedback above the regulation range, the microchip 46 decreases the duty cycle of the switching MOSFET 54 and reduces the current that is delivered to the LED lamp 22 . In this way, the temperature effects of the LED lamp 22 can be monitored and prevented from damaging the LED or the controlling electronics.
  • the microchip 46 is configured to regulate the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 to approximately between 875 mA and 930 mA at a thermistor sensed temperature of between 20° C. to 30° C.; between 880 mA and 910 mA at between 23° C. to 27° C.; and substantially 900 mA at 25° C.
  • the microchip 46 is preferably configured to regulate the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 to approximately between 330 mA and 450 mA at a thermistor sensed temperature of between 80° C. to 100° C.; 330 mA to 370 mA at 90° C. to 100° C.; and substantially 330 mA at 100° C.
  • the current invention should not be viewed to be limited to any specific temperature/current range. Rather, the instant invention is directed to an LED module that operates the LED at is potential, and that is thermally self-stabilizing.
  • thermistor having a negative resistance/temperature coefficient is disclosed herein, a thermistor having a positive resistance/temperature coefficient may also be used.
  • suitable temperature sensing devices such as a voltage output temperature sensor, may be used instead of a thermistor.
  • a suitable microchip 46 for this application may be a processor, a microprocessor, a controller, an integrated circuit, an ASIC, or other devices known to those skilled in the art.
  • the LED module 40 allows the initial operation of the flashlight to be at a high power output, and to deliver more light, while protecting the electronics from heat damage. Without the thermal stabilizing capability as described and illustrated above, driving the LED lamp 22 at 750 mA may result in heat damage to the LED. Operating the LED lamp 22 at lower current will result in less light.
  • the LED module 40 includes the LED lamp 22 , the outer housing 24 , a circuit assembly 60 , and a holder 26 .
  • the circuit assembly 60 is preferably held in the holder 26 ; the holder 26 is preferably arranged within the outer housing 24 ; and the LED lamp 22 is preferably disposed on the forward end of the holder 26 .
  • the outer housing 24 is made from a conductive material.
  • the outer housing 24 is generally a receptacle including a first end 88 , a second end 92 and a cavity 94 .
  • the cavity 94 may include features, such as slots, to receive and align holder 26 therein.
  • the circuit assembly 60 includes a circuit board 32 , the positive contact 28 , a negative contact 34 , and first and second LED reception contacts 36 , 37 .
  • the components of the module circuit 38 including the thermistor 56 , are mounted to the circuit board 32 with necessary traces printed thereon.
  • the circuit assembly 60 is configured to be held in the holder 26 .
  • the positive contact 28 of the circuit assembly 60 preferably extends through an opening 78 on the aft end of the holder 26 .
  • the positive contact 28 is preferably folded over to bear against the aft end of the holder 26 for support.
  • the negative contact 34 of the circuit assembly 60 is preferably disposed about the forward end of the circuit board 32 and arranged to electrically connect to the outer housing 24 . Arranged this way, the circuit components mounted on the circuit board 32 is advantageously protected from mechanical forces, such as from the spring 17 and receptacle 18 .
  • LED leads 82 , 83 extend through openings about the first end 88 of the outer housing 24 , and electrically couple to the first and second LED reception contacts 36 , 37 of the circuit assembly 60 .
  • the electrical connection between the LED reception contacts 36 , 37 and the LED lead 82 , 83 are mechanical, or particularly, by friction, to ease manufacturing and production costs.
  • any suitable electrical connection methods, such as soldering, can be used.
  • the components of the module circuit 38 are mounted to the circuit board 32 and contained in the LED module 40 .
  • the physical arrangement of the LED module 40 as just described is one suitable way to implement the module circuit 38 and operate the LED lamp at its lighting potential while protecting the electronics from heat damage by monitoring the heat generated from the LED and decreasing the current flowing thereto if necessary.
  • the external dimensions of the LED module 40 and particularly the outer housing 24 , are preferably consistent with PR type light bulbs. Having such an external dimension facilitates retrofitting the LED module 40 as described herein into existing flashlights that receive incandescent PR type light bulbs.
  • the present invention as described herein is not limited by the external dimension or features as illustrated.
  • the benefits and advantages of an LED module that operates the LED at its potential, that is thermally self-stabilizing, and that is able to be retrofitted into an existing flashlight may be achieved through numerous external configurations.
  • the flow of energy through the flashlight 10 , and particularly through the LED module 40 will now be described. Electrical current from the batteries 14 , 15 flows through the main switch assembly 50 and into the LED module at the positive contact 28 .
  • the positive contact 28 is electrically connected to the module circuit 38 mounted on the circuit board 32 and the main power flows to the boosting circuit 44 .
  • the output of the boosting circuit 44 flows to the first LED reception contact 36 , then to the LED lead 82 and through the LED.
  • the electrical current flows out of the LED lamp 22 through the second LED lead 83 , which is coupled to the second LED reception contact 37 .
  • the main power passes through the sense resistor 48 and to the negative contact 34 of the circuit assembly 60 , while the sense resistor 48 voltage is directed to the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 .
  • the main power then passes through the sense resistor and to the negative contact 34 which is coupled to the outer housing 24 .
  • the outer housing 24 is coupled to the barrel 12 , the tailcap assembly 20 , and finally to the negative end of the aftmost battery 15 to complete the main circuit.
  • the sense resistor 48 voltage is amplified by the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 according to a gain that is a function of the LED lamp 22 temperature.
  • the output of the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 is feedback to the microchip 46 which regulates the current that is delivered to the LED lamp 22 by adjusting the duty cycle of the switching MOSFET 54 .
  • the power source 2 coupled to the LED module 40 a may have a potential that is above what is needed to deliver the desired forward current.
  • the module circuit 38 a preferably includes a controlled voltage bucking circuit 84 in place of a boosting circuit 44 .
  • a schematic depiction of this second embodiment of the LED module 40 a generally includes an LED lamp 22 and a module circuit 38 a .
  • the module circuit 38 a includes a controlled voltage bucking circuit 84 , the sense resistor 48 , and the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 .
  • the voltage bucking circuit 84 is controlled because it includes feedback to adjust its output.
  • the bucking circuit 84 output drives the LED lamp 22 , and receives the sense resistor 48 feedback through the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 .
  • the bucking circuit 84 is preferably a buck regulator or a bucking circuit and includes a microchip 46 a , a switching MOSFET 54 a , an inductor 58 a , a capacitor 59 a , and a diode 61 a . These components are arranged in a manner commonly known to those skilled in the art to form a bucking circuit.
  • the power source 2 coupled to the LED module 40 b may have a potential above what is needed to deliver the desired forward current during a first period of time, and a potential below what is needed during a second period of time.
  • the module circuit 38 b preferably includes an controlled voltage inverting circuit 86 instead of the boosting circuit 44 or the bucking circuit 84 .
  • a schematic depiction of a third embodiment of the LED module 40 b generally includes an LED lamp 22 and a module circuit 38 b .
  • the module circuit 38 b includes a controlled voltage inverting circuit 86 , the sense resistor 48 , and the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 .
  • the inverting circuit 86 is controlled because it includes feedback to adjust its output.
  • the inverting circuit 86 output drives the LED lamp 22 , and receives the sense resistor 48 feedback through the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 .
  • the inverting circuit 86 is preferably an inverting regulator or inverting circuit and includes a microchip 46 b , a switching MOSFET 54 b , an inductor 58 b , a capacitor 59 b , and a diode 61 b . These components are arranged in a manner commonly known to those skilled in the art to form an inverting circuit.

Abstract

A lighting apparatus with a LED lamp and a power source mounted within an outer housing, a temperature sensing device, and electronics for controlling current delivered to the LED lamp based upon temperature sensed by the temperature sensing device.

Description

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
  • This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/465,723, filed Aug. 21, 2014, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 13/135,628, filed on Jul. 9, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,847,520, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/227,768, filed on Sep. 15, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,986,112. The foregoing applications are incorporated by reference in their entirety as if fully set forth herein.
  • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The field of the present invention relates to a lighting module including a light emitting diode (LED), and pertains particularly to an energy regulating, thermally stable LED based module for use in handheld portable lighting devices, such as flashlights.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • LEDs have been used in various applications including illuminating watches, transmitting information from remote controls, and forming images on jumbo television screens. More recently, LEDs have been used in portable lighting devices (such as flashlights), because, among other things, LEDs can last longer, produce light more efficiently, and can be more durable than incandescent lamps commonly used in conventional flashlights. Moreover, because flashlights that use incandescent lamps dominate the field, LED modules (a module that uses an LED as its light source) have been designed that can be retrofitted into existing flashlights.
  • A problem with simply replacing an incandescent lamp of an existing flashlight with an LED module, without more, is that it fails to operate the LED at its potential lighting capacity under a thermally stable condition.
  • It is known that LEDs produce more light with increased forward current. In situations where available voltage is abundant, the LED may be driven close to its maximum forward current value to produce more light. However, where the available voltage is limited or depletes over time, such as in the case of a battery powered flashlight, delivering a forward current close to the LED's maximum value may not be possible. A similar concern exists if the battery or batteries contained in an existing flashlight provides too much voltage, thereby delivering a forward current above the LED's maximum value, which will result in damage to the LED.
  • Another problem with simply replacing an incandescent lamp of an existing flashlight with an LED module is that it fails to address the thermal consequences associated with LEDs. Although LEDs produce light more efficiently than their incandescent counterparts, LEDs generate significantly more heat. Therefore, effective dissipation of heat is needed to maintain the LED temperature within its design limits. One effective way of dissipating heat generated by a light source in a flashlight is disclosed in a co-pending application Ser. No. 10/922,714 entitled Improved LED Flashlight, filed Aug. 20, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • However, in the case of an LED module that is designed for retrofit, the existing flashlight into which the LED module is used may not be able to sufficiently dissipate the increased heat that is produced by the LED. Most LEDs have projected life and lumen capacity that is conditioned on maintaining a prescribed LED operating temperature. If this temperature is not maintained, the life and/or the strength of the light generated by the LED diminishes. Accordingly, if the existing flashlight into which the LED module is retrofitted is insufficient in this regard, the LED module itself must self-control the amount of heat that the LED generates to ensure that the LED or the electronics that may control the LED are not damaged.
  • Existing LED modules have attempted to address the thermal dissipation problem by limiting the current delivered to the LED to a continuous value at a safe level much below its potential light emitting capacity. However, such an approach makes inefficient use of the LED's lighting capacity and the LED's full lighting potential is never achieved.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention involves a lighting module that is energy regulating and thermally self-stabilizing, and that is able to be retrofitted into an existing flashlight.
  • In one embodiment, the lighting module includes an LED, an amplifying circuit and a microchip. The amplifying circuit has a thermistor arranged to sense heat from the LED. The microchip is coupled to the amplifying circuit and a switching device to regulate the energy that is delivered to the LED. The switching device may be part of a boosting circuit, a bucking circuit or an inverting circuit.
  • In a second embodiment, the lighting module includes a conductive housing, an LED, and a circuit board. The circuit board includes a module circuit that is electrically coupled to the LED. The circuit is at least partially contained within the cavity of the housing and also has a thermistor to sense heat from the LED. The thermistor may be coupled to an amplifying circuit. The gain of the amplifying circuit may adjust according to the temperature senses by the thermistor. The output of the amplifying circuit may also be the input to a microchip.
  • In another embodiment, the module can have a module circuit that is configured to regulate energy that is delivered to the LED based on the sensed temperature of the LED. In yet another embodiment, the LED module can have a module circuit that includes an energy regulating circuit and a thermal sensitive amplifying circuit.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1A is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a main circuit of an electronic device.
  • FIG. 1B is a sectional view of a flashlight embodying the main circuit of FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the forward section of the flashlight of FIG. 1B.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a module circuit.
  • FIG. 4A is a sectional view of an LED module implementing the module circuit of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4B is an exploded view of an LED module implementing the module circuit of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4C is a perspective view of an LED module implementing the module circuit of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a module circuit.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of a module circuit.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • Turning now to the drawings, as shown in FIG. 1A, a schematic depiction of one embodiment of a main circuit 70 of an electronic device includes a power source 2, a main switch 4, and an LED module 40. Energy from the power source 2 preferably drives the LED module 40, and the main switch 4 controls the energy that is delivered to the LED module 40. In one embodiment of the present invention, the main switch 4 simply allows or disrupts the available energy from the power source 2 to reach the LED module 40.
  • Referring to FIG. 1B, the main circuit 70 is shown in one embodiment of a flashlight 10. The flashlight 10 includes a barrel 12, a tailcap assembly 20, a head assembly 30, the LED module 40, and a main switch assembly 50. In the embodiment illustrated, the barrel 12 encases two batteries 14, 15. The head assembly 30 and the LED module 40 are preferably disposed about the forward end of the barrel 12; the tailcap assembly 20 is preferably disposed to enclose the aft end of the barrel 12; and the main switch assembly 50 is preferably interposed between the LED module 40 and batteries 14, 15.
  • In the illustrated embodiment, the batteries 14, 15 serve as the power source 2 of the main circuit 70. In a preferred embodiment, the batteries 14, 15 are alkaline type dry cell batteries. However, other suitable portable sources of energy may be used including rechargeable type batteries, such as Lithium-Ion, Nickel Metal Hydride or Nickel-Cadmium cells.
  • The barrel 12 preferably has a length suitable to contain a desired number of batteries. In the illustrated embodiment, the barrel 12 has a length suitable for containing two batteries 14, 15. However, barrels having various lengths are contemplated herein to receive one or more batteries.
  • In the illustrated embodiment, the main switch assembly 50 serves as the main switch 4 of the main circuit 70. Referring to FIG. 2, energy from the batteries 14, 15 to the main switch assembly 50 preferably flows through a contact button 16 that is interposed between the forwardmost battery 14 and the main switch assembly 50.
  • The main switch assembly 50 preferably includes a user interface 68, a plunger 72, a snap dome 73, a main switch circuit board 74, a main switch battery contact 75, a main switch module contact 76, and a switch housing 77. In the illustrated embodiment, the center electrode of the forwardmost battery 14 is electrically coupled to the main switch battery contact 75 through the contact button 16; the main switch battery contact 75 is electrically coupled to the main switch circuit board 74; and the main switch circuit board 74 is electrically coupled to the main switch module contact 76.
  • The main switch assembly 50 is preferably a momentary switch. When the user interface 68 is depressed, the plunger 72 pushes the snap dome 73 into contact with a select portion of the main switch circuit board 74. This momentary contact is received as a signal to the switch circuit board 74 which in turn passes or disrupts the energy flow from the batteries 14, 15 to the main switch module contact 76. In this way, the main switch assembly 50 can turn the flashlight 10 on or off. The main switch circuit board 74 may additionally include circuitry suitable for providing functions to the flashlight 10, such as for example, flashing, dimming or strobing by affecting the current that is delivered to a light source or, in the illustrated embodiment, the LED module 40. Other functions may include an electronic game, a global positioning transponder, a digital compass, or other commercially desirable functions.
  • Still referring to the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 2, the main switch battery contact 75 and module contact 76 are configured to include curved springs or biasing elements that bear against the contact button 16 and spring 17, respectively. By arranging the curved spring portion of the main switch battery contact 75 and module contact 76 against the switch housing 77 such that the spring forces generated by the contacts 75, 76 are transferred to the switch housing 77, the main switch circuit board 74 is advantageously protected from, for example, batteries 14, 15 shifting and pressing on the main switch assembly 50. In this way, an effective electrical connection can be maintained by the biasing elements while protecting sensitive components, such as the main switch circuit board 74.
  • Although the main switch assembly 50 as described above provides a configuration for turning the flashlight 10 on and off, other suitable switches are available for serving this function, such as a simple mechanical switch. However, the main switch assembly 50 as disclosed herein advantageously provides a flexible configuration for adding, revising or deleting functions from the flashlight 10. Also, the main switch assembly 50 as described avoids high oxidation problem between contacts often experienced with mechanical switches.
  • Still referring to FIG. 2, the current flowing from the main switch assembly 50 to the LED module 40 is preferably achieved through the spring 17 and a receptacle 18, (which is disposed about the forward end of the spring 17,) that are electrically connected to the main switch module contact 76 on one end and to the LED module 40 on the other end. The spring 17 urges the receptacle 18 toward the positive contact of the LED module 40. In the illustrated embodiment, the current flows into the LED module 40 at its positive contact 28, and flows out of the LED module 40 at its outer housing 24. The electrical energy then preferably passes through conductive means to the barrel 12, through the tailcap assembly 20; and returns to the negative end of the aftmost battery 15. In this way, the main circuit 70 of the flashlight 10 is completed.
  • The barrel 12 is preferably made from a conductive material, preferably aluminum, so that it may serve as part of the current path of the main circuit 70 between the LED module 40 and the power source 2, i.e., batteries 14, 15. However, the barrel 12 may alternatively be made of non-conductive material, such as plastic or rubber, and may include a current path by having a conductive sleeve within a non-conductive barrel to serve as part of the current path. Such a sleeve is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,656,565 and 4,851,974 to Anthony Maglica, which is hereby incorporated by reference. In an alternate embodiment, a conductive strip within the barrel can serve as part of the current path. Such a strip is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,585,391.
  • Referring to FIG. 1B, the tailcap assembly 20 preferably includes a cap spring 6 and a cap 8. The tail cap assembly 20 may be part of the current path between the LED module 40 and the power source 2, and may receive the current passing through the barrel 12. In one embodiment, the electrical path from the barrel 12 may be to the cap 8; to the cap spring 6, and then to the negative contact of the aftmost battery 15. Alternatively, the electrical path may bypass the cap 8 and flow directly from the barrel 12 to the battery 15 through the cap spring 6. Another embodiment may provide an electrical path that bypasses the tailcap assembly 20 altogether and electrically connect the barrel 12 to the battery. A tailcap assembly 20 having a cap spring 6 provides an effective configuration for maintaining a spring assisted electrical connection between the components contained in the flashlight 10.
  • As shown in FIG. 1B and FIG. 2, the head assembly 30 includes a head 31, a reflector 33, a lens 35 and a cap 39. The reflector 33 and lens 35 are interposed between the head 31 and the cap 39 as illustrated in FIG. 2. The reflector 33 preferably includes a reflective parabolic surface to reflect the light emanating from the LED module 40. The head assembly 30 may be secured to the barrel 12 by thread engagement.
  • As already mentioned, and schematically depicted in FIG. 1A, the current from the power source 2 flows into the LED module 40 at its positive contact 28 and flows out of the LED module 40 from its outer housing 24. Referring to FIG. 3, a schematic depiction of one embodiment of the LED module 40 according to the present invention generally includes an LED lamp 22 and a module circuit 38.
  • Referring to FIGS. 3, 4A, 4B and 4C, the LED lamp 22 is preferably commercially available and includes an LED and LED leads 82, 83 to which the module circuit 38 connects. Typically, LED's are rated according to permissible operating conditions. For example, an LED may be limited to a maximum forward current rating of 1000 mA, and a maximum LED junction temperature of 135° C.
  • An objective of the present invention is to have the LED lamp 22 produce as much light as possible, for as long as possible, without damaging the LED lamp 22 or the electronics that make up the LED module 40. This objective is achieved by regulating the current that flows to the LED lamp 22 and monitoring the heat that is generated from the LED lamp 22. In a preferred embodiment, a temperature sensing device is disposed within the LED module 40 to monitor the conditions surrounding the LED. When an undesirable increase in temperature is sensed, the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 may be decreased to protect the LED and the electronics from heat damage. When an undesirable decrease in temperature is sensed, the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 may be increased to cause the LED lamp 22 to produce more light.
  • Referring to FIG. 3, a first embodiment of the module circuit 38 preferably includes a controlled voltage boosting circuit 44, a thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52, and a sense resistor 48. The voltage boosting circuit 44 is controlled because it includes feedback to adjust its output. The boosting circuit 44 is useful in situations where the power source 2 driving the LED module 40 has a maximum potential that is below what is needed to deliver the desired forward current. For example, in a case where flashlight 10 includes two alkaline type dry cell batteries arranged in series, it is generally known that the two batteries will have an operating range of 1.8 Volts to 3.0 Volts. But 3.5 Volts may be needed to deliver a forward current that is closer to the LED's maximum forward current rating. In such a situation, the boosting circuit 44 steps up the available voltage to approximately 3.5 Volts so that the desired forward current may be delivered to the LED lamp 22. The boosting circuit 44 also serves to maintain the desired forward current as the voltage level of the batteries diminish over time.
  • In a preferred embodiment, the boosting circuit 44 is a switching regulator. Referring to FIG. 3, the boosting circuit 44 includes a microchip 46, a switching MOSFET 54, an inductor 58, a capacitor 59, and a diode 61. The microchip 46 controls the switching duty cycle of the switching MOSFET 54. As illustrated, the switching MOSFET 54, inductor 58, the capacitor 59, and the diode 61 are arranged in a manner commonly known to those skilled in the art to form a boost converter. The microchip 46 receives feedback by way of the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52. When the feedback is outside a specified regulation range, the microchip adjusts the MOSFET's duty cycle until the regulation range is met.
  • The boosting circuit 44 described herein may be composed of other suitable circuitry or devices that step up the input voltage. For example, instead of having the inductor 58 as the energy-storage element of the boosting circuit 44, other suitable energy storage elements, such as a capacitor or a transformer, may also be used. Also, other suitable switching devices, such as a transistor, may be used instead of the switching MOSFET 54.
  • Still referring to FIG. 3, an electrical path connects the output of the boosting circuit 44 to the first LED reception contact 36; and the first LED reception contact 36 is coupled to the first LED lead 82. The current flows out of the LED lamp 22 through the second LED lead 83, which is coupled to the second LED reception contact 37. The main power path is through the sense resistor 48 and to ground contact 34. The sense resistor 48 is used to measure the current that is passing through the LED lamp 22, and the voltage measured across the sense resistor 48 serves as feedback to the microchip 46. Preferably, the sense resistor 48 is very small to minimize power waste. In a preferred embodiment, the sense resistor 48 has a value of 0.10 ohms.
  • Because the sense resistor 48 is very small, the voltage that forms across the sense resistor 48 is also very small. Therefore, before the sense resistor voltage is fed back to the microchip 46, it is amplified by the amplifier circuit 52.
  • The thermal stabilizing aspect of the present invention is implemented in the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52. Still referring to FIG. 3, the amplifying circuit 52 includes an operational amplifier 62, a first resistor 64, a second resistor 66, and a thermistor 56. The thermistor 56 is arranged in parallel with the second resistor 66. As configured, it is understood by those skilled in the art that the first resistor 64, the second resistor 66 and the thermistor 56, in combination, define the gain of the amplifying circuit 52. The thermistor 56 is a temperature responsive resistor that changes its resistance according to the sensed temperature. Therefore, as the sensed LED lamp 22 temperature varies, the gain of the amplifying circuit 52 varies.
  • In a preferred embodiment, the thermistor 56 has a negative resistance/temperature coefficient. Accordingly, when the temperature of the LED module 40 increases, the thermistor resistance decreases, and the gain of the amplifier circuit 52 increases. With the microchip feedback above the regulation range, the microchip 46 decreases the duty cycle of the switching MOSFET 54 and reduces the current that is delivered to the LED lamp 22. In this way, the temperature effects of the LED lamp 22 can be monitored and prevented from damaging the LED or the controlling electronics. In a preferred embodiment, the microchip 46 is configured to regulate the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 to approximately between 875 mA and 930 mA at a thermistor sensed temperature of between 20° C. to 30° C.; between 880 mA and 910 mA at between 23° C. to 27° C.; and substantially 900 mA at 25° C.
  • At a higher temperature, the microchip 46 is preferably configured to regulate the current delivered to the LED lamp 22 to approximately between 330 mA and 450 mA at a thermistor sensed temperature of between 80° C. to 100° C.; 330 mA to 370 mA at 90° C. to 100° C.; and substantially 330 mA at 100° C.
  • Although these temperature/current ranges have been found to effectively present an LED from heat damage, the current invention should not be viewed to be limited to any specific temperature/current range. Rather, the instant invention is directed to an LED module that operates the LED at is potential, and that is thermally self-stabilizing.
  • Although a thermistor having a negative resistance/temperature coefficient is disclosed herein, a thermistor having a positive resistance/temperature coefficient may also be used. Moreover, other suitable temperature sensing devices, such as a voltage output temperature sensor, may be used instead of a thermistor.
  • Further, a suitable microchip 46 for this application may be a processor, a microprocessor, a controller, an integrated circuit, an ASIC, or other devices known to those skilled in the art.
  • In this way, the LED module 40 allows the initial operation of the flashlight to be at a high power output, and to deliver more light, while protecting the electronics from heat damage. Without the thermal stabilizing capability as described and illustrated above, driving the LED lamp 22 at 750 mA may result in heat damage to the LED. Operating the LED lamp 22 at lower current will result in less light.
  • Having now described the schematic depiction of one embodiment of the LED module 40, a preferred physical implementation of the LED module 40 is illustrated in FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C. The LED module 40 includes the LED lamp 22, the outer housing 24, a circuit assembly 60, and a holder 26. The circuit assembly 60 is preferably held in the holder 26; the holder 26 is preferably arranged within the outer housing 24; and the LED lamp 22 is preferably disposed on the forward end of the holder 26.
  • Preferably, the outer housing 24 is made from a conductive material. In the illustrated embodiment, the outer housing 24 is generally a receptacle including a first end 88, a second end 92 and a cavity 94. The cavity 94 may include features, such as slots, to receive and align holder 26 therein.
  • In a preferred embodiment, the circuit assembly 60 includes a circuit board 32, the positive contact 28, a negative contact 34, and first and second LED reception contacts 36, 37. Preferably, the components of the module circuit 38, including the thermistor 56, are mounted to the circuit board 32 with necessary traces printed thereon. The circuit assembly 60 is configured to be held in the holder 26. Referring to FIG. 4A, the positive contact 28 of the circuit assembly 60 preferably extends through an opening 78 on the aft end of the holder 26. The positive contact 28 is preferably folded over to bear against the aft end of the holder 26 for support. The negative contact 34 of the circuit assembly 60 is preferably disposed about the forward end of the circuit board 32 and arranged to electrically connect to the outer housing 24. Arranged this way, the circuit components mounted on the circuit board 32 is advantageously protected from mechanical forces, such as from the spring 17 and receptacle 18.
  • Referring to FIGS. 4B and 4C, LED leads 82, 83 extend through openings about the first end 88 of the outer housing 24, and electrically couple to the first and second LED reception contacts 36, 37 of the circuit assembly 60. Preferably, the electrical connection between the LED reception contacts 36, 37 and the LED lead 82, 83 are mechanical, or particularly, by friction, to ease manufacturing and production costs. However, any suitable electrical connection methods, such as soldering, can be used.
  • Arranged as described, the components of the module circuit 38 are mounted to the circuit board 32 and contained in the LED module 40. The physical arrangement of the LED module 40 as just described is one suitable way to implement the module circuit 38 and operate the LED lamp at its lighting potential while protecting the electronics from heat damage by monitoring the heat generated from the LED and decreasing the current flowing thereto if necessary. The external dimensions of the LED module 40, and particularly the outer housing 24, are preferably consistent with PR type light bulbs. Having such an external dimension facilitates retrofitting the LED module 40 as described herein into existing flashlights that receive incandescent PR type light bulbs. However, the present invention as described herein is not limited by the external dimension or features as illustrated. The benefits and advantages of an LED module that operates the LED at its potential, that is thermally self-stabilizing, and that is able to be retrofitted into an existing flashlight may be achieved through numerous external configurations.
  • The flow of energy through the flashlight 10, and particularly through the LED module 40, will now be described. Electrical current from the batteries 14, 15 flows through the main switch assembly 50 and into the LED module at the positive contact 28. The positive contact 28 is electrically connected to the module circuit 38 mounted on the circuit board 32 and the main power flows to the boosting circuit 44. The output of the boosting circuit 44 flows to the first LED reception contact 36, then to the LED lead 82 and through the LED. The electrical current flows out of the LED lamp 22 through the second LED lead 83, which is coupled to the second LED reception contact 37. The main power passes through the sense resistor 48 and to the negative contact 34 of the circuit assembly 60, while the sense resistor 48 voltage is directed to the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52.
  • The main power then passes through the sense resistor and to the negative contact 34 which is coupled to the outer housing 24. The outer housing 24 is coupled to the barrel 12, the tailcap assembly 20, and finally to the negative end of the aftmost battery 15 to complete the main circuit.
  • The sense resistor 48 voltage is amplified by the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 according to a gain that is a function of the LED lamp 22 temperature. The output of the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52 is feedback to the microchip 46 which regulates the current that is delivered to the LED lamp 22 by adjusting the duty cycle of the switching MOSFET 54.
  • In a second embodiment of an LED module 40 a, the power source 2 coupled to the LED module 40 a may have a potential that is above what is needed to deliver the desired forward current. For example, in the instance where a flashlight includes four batteries arranged in series, it would have an operating range of 3.6 Volts to 6.0 Volts. In such an instance, the module circuit 38 a preferably includes a controlled voltage bucking circuit 84 in place of a boosting circuit 44. Referring to FIG. 5, a schematic depiction of this second embodiment of the LED module 40 a generally includes an LED lamp 22 and a module circuit 38 a. The module circuit 38 a includes a controlled voltage bucking circuit 84, the sense resistor 48, and the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52. The voltage bucking circuit 84 is controlled because it includes feedback to adjust its output. The bucking circuit 84 output drives the LED lamp 22, and receives the sense resistor 48 feedback through the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52.
  • Referring to FIG. 5, the bucking circuit 84 is preferably a buck regulator or a bucking circuit and includes a microchip 46 a, a switching MOSFET 54 a, an inductor 58 a, a capacitor 59 a, and a diode 61 a. These components are arranged in a manner commonly known to those skilled in the art to form a bucking circuit.
  • In a third embodiment of an LED module 40 b, the power source 2 coupled to the LED module 40 b may have a potential above what is needed to deliver the desired forward current during a first period of time, and a potential below what is needed during a second period of time. For example, if a flashlight is configured with three batteries arranged in series, its operating range would be 2.7 Volts to 4.5 Volts. In such an instance, the module circuit 38 b preferably includes an controlled voltage inverting circuit 86 instead of the boosting circuit 44 or the bucking circuit 84. Referring to FIG. 6, a schematic depiction of a third embodiment of the LED module 40 b generally includes an LED lamp 22 and a module circuit 38 b. The module circuit 38 b includes a controlled voltage inverting circuit 86, the sense resistor 48, and the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52. The inverting circuit 86 is controlled because it includes feedback to adjust its output. The inverting circuit 86 output drives the LED lamp 22, and receives the sense resistor 48 feedback through the thermal sensitive amplifying circuit 52.
  • Referring to FIG. 6, the inverting circuit 86 is preferably an inverting regulator or inverting circuit and includes a microchip 46 b, a switching MOSFET 54 b, an inductor 58 b, a capacitor 59 b, and a diode 61 b. These components are arranged in a manner commonly known to those skilled in the art to form an inverting circuit.
  • While various embodiments of an improved LED module and its respective components have been presented in the foregoing disclosure, numerous modifications, alterations, alternate embodiments, and alternate materials may be contemplated by those skilled in the art and may be utilized in accomplishing the various aspects of the present invention. Thus, it is to be clearly understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention as claimed below.

Claims (10)

What is claimed is:
1. A lighting apparatus, comprising:
a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp mounted within an outer housing;
a power source located within the outer housing;
a temperature sensing device; and
electronics for controlling current delivered to the LED lamp based upon temperature sensed by the temperature sensing device.
2. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the LED lamp and the temperature sensing device are disposed within an LED module.
3. The lighting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the temperature sensing device monitors conditions surrounding the LED lamp.
4. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electronics decrease the current delivered to the LED lamp when an undesirable increase in temperature is sensed.
5. The lighting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the electronics increase the current delivered to the LED lamp when an undesirable decrease in temperature is sensed.
6. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electronics increase the current delivered to the LED lamp when an undesirable decrease in temperature is sensed.
7. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electronics comprise a controlled voltage boosting circuit, a thermal sensitive amplifying circuit and a sense resistor.
8. The lighting apparatus of claim 7, wherein the controlled voltage boosting circuit is comprised of a switching regulator.
9. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electronics comprise a controlled voltage bucking circuit.
10. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electronics comprise a controlled voltage inverting circuit.
US15/157,193 2005-09-15 2016-05-17 LED Module Abandoned US20160262236A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/157,193 US20160262236A1 (en) 2005-09-15 2016-05-17 LED Module

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/227,768 US7986112B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
US13/135,628 US8847520B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2011-07-09 Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
US14/465,723 US9370070B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2014-08-21 LED module
US15/157,193 US20160262236A1 (en) 2005-09-15 2016-05-17 LED Module

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/465,723 Continuation US9370070B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2014-08-21 LED module

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20160262236A1 true US20160262236A1 (en) 2016-09-08

Family

ID=37854870

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/227,768 Active - Reinstated 2028-11-03 US7986112B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
US13/135,628 Active 2027-07-24 US8847520B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2011-07-09 Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
US14/465,723 Active US9370070B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2014-08-21 LED module
US15/157,193 Abandoned US20160262236A1 (en) 2005-09-15 2016-05-17 LED Module

Family Applications Before (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/227,768 Active - Reinstated 2028-11-03 US7986112B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2005-09-15 Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
US13/135,628 Active 2027-07-24 US8847520B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2011-07-09 Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
US14/465,723 Active US9370070B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2014-08-21 LED module

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (4) US7986112B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1945998B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5116680B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101328630B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101400942B (en)
AU (1) AU2006292655B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0616163A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2622832C (en)
CR (1) CR9884A (en)
DK (1) DK1945998T3 (en)
EA (1) EA011999B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2524608T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20141024T1 (en)
IL (1) IL190189A (en)
NZ (1) NZ566762A (en)
SG (1) SG165377A1 (en)
TW (1) TWI407038B (en)
WO (1) WO2007035390A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200803090B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106879119A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-06-20 横店集团得邦照明股份有限公司 A kind of LED control system and its implementation suitable for vcehicular tunnel
US11805582B2 (en) 2021-08-03 2023-10-31 Hyundai Mobis Co., Ltd. Method for controlling lamp circuit based on temperature and amplified current and lamp circuit applying the same

Families Citing this family (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007028397A2 (en) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Wiseled Aps A torch
US7986112B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2011-07-26 Mag Instrument, Inc. Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
CN101553689A (en) * 2006-04-19 2009-10-07 水下动力学有限责任公司 Methods and devices that employ thermal control of current to electrical components
CN101952639A (en) * 2007-08-23 2011-01-19 威斯莱兹公司 A customizable torch
US9022612B2 (en) * 2008-08-07 2015-05-05 Mag Instrument, Inc. LED module
US8134300B2 (en) * 2008-08-08 2012-03-13 Mag Instrument, Inc. Portable lighting devices
US8358085B2 (en) 2009-01-13 2013-01-22 Terralux, Inc. Method and device for remote sensing and control of LED lights
US9326346B2 (en) 2009-01-13 2016-04-26 Terralux, Inc. Method and device for remote sensing and control of LED lights
WO2010107239A2 (en) * 2009-03-18 2010-09-23 ㈜알텍테크놀로지스 Method for manufacturing a light-emitting diode device, light-emitting diode package, light-emitting diode module, and lighting device comprising same
BR112012011829A2 (en) * 2009-11-17 2018-03-27 Terralux Inc led power supply detection and control
CN102131324B (en) * 2010-01-18 2015-03-18 立锜科技股份有限公司 Thermal foldback control circuit and control method of light-emitting diode (LED)
JP2012048631A (en) * 2010-08-30 2012-03-08 Hochiki Corp Illumination device and emergency illumination system
US9596738B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2017-03-14 Terralux, Inc. Communication with lighting units over a power bus
CN103098552B (en) 2010-09-16 2016-07-06 特锐拉克斯有限公司 By the method and system that power bus and lighting unit communicate
US20120099339A1 (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-04-26 Chroma Technology Corporation Light engine module and system including same
US9453624B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2016-09-27 Streamlight, Inc. Portable light with light source module and light source module
US8905573B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2014-12-09 Streamlight, Inc. Portable light with hanger, clip and led module
JP2012227096A (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-11-15 Stanley Electric Co Ltd Lighting control device
US8283877B2 (en) * 2011-06-07 2012-10-09 Switch Bulb Company, Inc. Thermal protection circuit for an LED bulb
WO2013090904A1 (en) 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Terralux, Inc. System and methods of applying bleed circuits in led lamps
CN103517498A (en) * 2012-06-26 2014-01-15 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 Intelligent temperature-controlled light-modulation control circuit of LED electric torch
US8888328B2 (en) 2012-12-12 2014-11-18 Orbotech Ltd. Light engine
JP2013080717A (en) * 2012-12-26 2013-05-02 T-Net Japan Co Ltd Led lighting fixture
US9265119B2 (en) 2013-06-17 2016-02-16 Terralux, Inc. Systems and methods for providing thermal fold-back to LED lights
US9164001B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2015-10-20 Bridgelux, Inc. Using an LED die to measure temperature inside silicone that encapsulates an LED array
US8941129B1 (en) 2013-07-19 2015-01-27 Bridgelux, Inc. Using an LED die to measure temperature inside silicone that encapsulates an LED array
CN103398299A (en) * 2013-08-08 2013-11-20 宁波兆隆光电科技有限公司 Novel LED flashlight
CN104754806A (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-01 海洋王(东莞)照明科技有限公司 Detection circuit
CN104754813A (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-01 海洋王(东莞)照明科技有限公司 Detection circuit and flashlight
US9439299B2 (en) 2014-03-29 2016-09-06 Bridgelux, Inc. Low-profile outdoor lighting module with light emitting diodes
US9313854B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2016-04-12 Phoseon Technology, Inc. LED drive current adjustment for irradiance step response output
US9277618B2 (en) 2014-06-27 2016-03-01 Bridgelux, Inc. Monolithic LED chip in an integrated control module with active circuitry
JP2016031291A (en) * 2014-07-29 2016-03-07 Fdk株式会社 Optical sensor module, electricity storage module, and distance measurement method
CN104244527A (en) * 2014-09-17 2014-12-24 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 LED over-current protection circuit based on negative temperature coefficient thermistor
CN104776321A (en) * 2015-03-02 2015-07-15 蔡晋晖 Flashlight improvement structure
CN105554991B (en) * 2016-03-05 2018-09-28 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 A kind of method and intelligent terminal of enhancing brightness of flash lamp
US11313013B2 (en) * 2016-08-15 2022-04-26 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Free-cutting copper alloy and method for producing free-cutting copper alloy
CN114034022B (en) * 2021-12-01 2023-11-21 深圳市中孚能电气设备有限公司 Connection structure and lighting apparatus

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6376994B1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2002-04-23 Pioneer Corporation Organic EL device driving apparatus having temperature compensating function
US20030214242A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-20 Roar Berg-Johansen Systems and methods for controlling brightness of an avionics display
US20060012997A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-19 Anthony Catalano Light emitting diode replacement lamp
US20150233566A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2015-08-20 Anthony Catalano Light emitting diode replacement lamp

Family Cites Families (85)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU402095A1 (en) 1972-04-17 1973-10-12 CASE FOR PRIMARY BATTERY
US4286311A (en) 1978-04-07 1981-08-25 Anthony Maglica Flashlight
US4656565A (en) 1984-09-06 1987-04-07 Mag Instrument, Inc. Flashlight
US5349506A (en) 1984-09-06 1994-09-20 Mag Instrument, Inc. Miniature flashlight
US4851974A (en) 1984-09-06 1989-07-25 Mag Instrument, Inc. Flashlight
JPS61105897A (en) 1984-10-30 1986-05-23 キヤノン株式会社 Electronic appliance
US5459649A (en) 1991-04-10 1995-10-17 Ellion; M. Edmund Flashlight with an enhanced spot beam and a fully illuminated broad beam
GB9211479D0 (en) * 1992-05-30 1992-07-15 Topline Leisure Ltd Improvements in or relating to search lamps and torches
US5213408A (en) 1992-06-01 1993-05-25 Shiau Shoei Shuh Variable focusing flashlight
NL9300971A (en) 1993-06-04 1995-01-02 Framatome Connectors Belgium Circuit board connector assembly.
US6835898B2 (en) 1993-11-16 2004-12-28 Formfactor, Inc. Electrical contact structures formed by configuring a flexible wire to have a springable shape and overcoating the wire with at least one layer of a resilient conductive material, methods of mounting the contact structures to electronic components, and applications for employing the contact structures
JPH07262810A (en) 1994-03-18 1995-10-13 Sony Tektronix Corp Luminous device
EP0844503A4 (en) 1995-08-03 1999-01-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Optical device and method of manufacturing it
US5765937A (en) 1995-11-27 1998-06-16 Shiau; Shoei-Shuh Multi-function lighting device
CN1155050A (en) 1996-10-29 1997-07-23 家电宝实业有限公司 Fire-retardant floor halogen lamp
US5839821A (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-11-24 Lezotte; Bruce A. Flashlight with forward looking sensing of thermal bodies
US5783909A (en) 1997-01-10 1998-07-21 Relume Corporation Maintaining LED luminous intensity
US5865529A (en) 1997-03-10 1999-02-02 Yan; Ellis Light emitting diode lamp having a spherical radiating pattern
US5975714A (en) 1997-06-03 1999-11-02 Applied Innovative Technologies, Incorporated Renewable energy flashlight
US6046572A (en) 1997-12-05 2000-04-04 Laser Products Ltd. Battery operated appliance, flashlight and switching systems
US6220719B1 (en) 1998-02-11 2001-04-24 Applied Innovative Technologies, Inc. Renewable energy flashlight
US6095661A (en) 1998-03-19 2000-08-01 Ppt Vision, Inc. Method and apparatus for an L.E.D. flashlight
US6127784A (en) 1998-08-31 2000-10-03 Dialight Corporation LED driving circuitry with variable load to control output light intensity of an LED
US6249089B1 (en) 1998-10-09 2001-06-19 Frederick Bruwer Intelligent electrical device comprising microchip
US6086218A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-07-11 Cal June Inc. Portable flashing signal light
US6274924B1 (en) 1998-11-05 2001-08-14 Lumileds Lighting, U.S. Llc Surface mountable LED package
US6345464B1 (en) 1999-01-13 2002-02-12 Surefire, Llc Firearms with target illuminators, electric switching devices and battery power sources
US6190020B1 (en) 1999-06-23 2001-02-20 Fred Jack Hartley Light producing assembly for a flashlight
DE19930174A1 (en) 1999-06-30 2001-01-04 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Control circuit for LED and associated operating method
IT1308779B1 (en) 1999-07-02 2002-01-10 Elasis Sistema Ricerca Fiat DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE DELIVERY PRESSURE OF A PUMP, SUITABLE FOR FUEL SUPPLY TO A COMBUSTION ENGINE
US6153985A (en) 1999-07-09 2000-11-28 Dialight Corporation LED driving circuitry with light intensity feedback to control output light intensity of an LED
US6168288B1 (en) 1999-08-05 2001-01-02 Tektite Industries West Llc Flashlight with light emitting diodes
BR0003627A (en) * 1999-08-16 2001-04-03 Xerox Corp Flicker-free fuser control
US6712486B1 (en) 1999-10-19 2004-03-30 Permlight Products, Inc. Mounting arrangement for light emitting diodes
KR100421688B1 (en) 1999-11-11 2004-03-10 도요다 고세이 가부시키가이샤 Full-color Light Source Unit
JP3445540B2 (en) * 1999-11-16 2003-09-08 常盤電業株式会社 Power circuit
US6161910A (en) * 1999-12-14 2000-12-19 Aerospace Lighting Corporation LED reading light
US6362578B1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2002-03-26 Stmicroelectronics, Inc. LED driver circuit and method
US6328456B1 (en) 2000-03-24 2001-12-11 Ledcorp Illuminating apparatus and light emitting diode
US6585391B1 (en) 2000-05-31 2003-07-01 Nordic Technologies, Inc. Flashlight and flashlight electrical connectors
US6439738B1 (en) 2000-08-02 2002-08-27 Surefire, Llc Battery powered portable electric light source systems
DE60118435D1 (en) 2000-11-09 2006-05-18 Azoteq Proprietary Ltd LIGHT COMPONENT
US6441558B1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-08-27 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. White LED luminary light control system
US6411046B1 (en) * 2000-12-27 2002-06-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N. V. Effective modeling of CIE xy coordinates for a plurality of LEDs for white LED light control
US6622416B2 (en) 2001-01-04 2003-09-23 Surefire, Llc Target and navigation illuminators for firearms
US6517215B2 (en) 2001-01-18 2003-02-11 Tektite Industries Inc. Flashlight with off set light source
CN2491693Y (en) 2001-05-23 2002-05-15 戴展传 Energy saving high brightness mini electric torch
US6722772B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-04-20 Mag Instrument, Inc. Flashlight and combination for use in aligning flashlight lamp bulbs
US6791283B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2004-09-14 Opalec Dual mode regulated light-emitting diode module for flashlights
CN1240102C (en) * 2001-10-31 2006-02-01 东芝照明技术株式会社 Bulb shape flurescent lamp and lighting device
US6827468B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2004-12-07 Robert D. Galli LED lighting assembly
US6966677B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2005-11-22 Galli Robert D LED lighting assembly with improved heat management
US6693394B1 (en) 2002-01-25 2004-02-17 Yazaki North America, Inc. Brightness compensation for LED lighting based on ambient temperature
US7153004B2 (en) 2002-12-10 2006-12-26 Galli Robert D Flashlight housing
US6841941B2 (en) 2003-01-16 2005-01-11 Surefire, Llc Brightness controllable flashlights
US7116061B2 (en) 2003-01-16 2006-10-03 Surefire, Llc Brightness controllable flashlights
US6854865B2 (en) 2003-02-12 2005-02-15 W. T. Storey, Inc. Reflector for light emitting objects
US7615939B2 (en) * 2003-03-17 2009-11-10 C&D Zodiac, Inc. Spectrally calibratable multi-element RGB LED light source
US7543961B2 (en) 2003-03-31 2009-06-09 Lumination Llc LED light with active cooling
US7091874B2 (en) 2003-04-18 2006-08-15 Smithson Bradley D Temperature compensated warning light
RU32744U1 (en) 2003-05-19 2003-09-27 ООО Научно-производственный центр "Экспресс" Signal light for a passenger car
JP2005031430A (en) * 2003-07-14 2005-02-03 Tohoku Pioneer Corp Method and device for driving light emitting display panel
US7318661B2 (en) 2003-09-12 2008-01-15 Anthony Catalano Universal light emitting illumination device and method
WO2005029185A2 (en) * 2003-09-16 2005-03-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Led lighting source and led lighting apparatus
US7293893B2 (en) 2003-12-09 2007-11-13 Surefire Llc Flashlight with adjustable color selector switch
US7083297B2 (en) * 2003-12-09 2006-08-01 Surefire Llc Flashlight with lens for transmitting central and off-axis light sources
US7220016B2 (en) 2003-12-09 2007-05-22 Surefire, Llc Flashlight with selectable output level switching
US7014335B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2006-03-21 W.T. Storey, Inc. Flashlight with wave spring electrical connection
JP2007528546A (en) * 2004-03-10 2007-10-11 ポッター、デイビッド・エドワード Personal safety device
US7215086B2 (en) 2004-04-23 2007-05-08 Lighting Science Group Corporation Electronic light generating element light bulb
TWM256588U (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-02-01 Primo Lite Co Ltd Printed circuit board structure of module type light-emitting diode
US7138659B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2006-11-21 Onscreen Technologies, Inc. LED assembly with vented circuit board
US8733966B2 (en) * 2004-08-20 2014-05-27 Mag Instrument, Inc. LED flashlight
US7276861B1 (en) * 2004-09-21 2007-10-02 Exclara, Inc. System and method for driving LED
US20060132323A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-06-22 Milex Technologies, Inc. Strobe beacon
CN2811736Y (en) 2005-03-31 2006-08-30 新灯源科技有限公司 High power LED lighting device with high heat radiation efficiency
US7986112B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2011-07-26 Mag Instrument, Inc. Thermally self-stabilizing LED module
US7457132B2 (en) 2005-10-20 2008-11-25 Sanmina-Sci Corporation Via stub termination structures and methods for making same
EP1781072B1 (en) 2005-10-26 2009-12-30 Pentair Water Pool and Spa, Inc. Led pool and spa light
US7736044B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2010-06-15 Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Indirect lighting device for light guide illumination
US7441920B2 (en) 2006-07-13 2008-10-28 Pelican Products, Inc. Multi-switch flashlight
US7808013B2 (en) 2006-10-31 2010-10-05 Cree, Inc. Integrated heat spreaders for light emitting devices (LEDs) and related assemblies
CN101210664A (en) 2006-12-29 2008-07-02 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Light-emitting diode lamps and lanterns
US7549765B2 (en) 2007-01-30 2009-06-23 Surefire, Llc Flashlight with multistage switch and ARC lamp operation sensor
US7976182B2 (en) 2007-03-21 2011-07-12 International Rectifier Corporation LED lamp assembly with temperature control and method of making the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6376994B1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2002-04-23 Pioneer Corporation Organic EL device driving apparatus having temperature compensating function
US20030214242A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-20 Roar Berg-Johansen Systems and methods for controlling brightness of an avionics display
US20150233566A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2015-08-20 Anthony Catalano Light emitting diode replacement lamp
US20060012997A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-19 Anthony Catalano Light emitting diode replacement lamp

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106879119A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-06-20 横店集团得邦照明股份有限公司 A kind of LED control system and its implementation suitable for vcehicular tunnel
US11805582B2 (en) 2021-08-03 2023-10-31 Hyundai Mobis Co., Ltd. Method for controlling lamp circuit based on temperature and amplified current and lamp circuit applying the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20080058393A (en) 2008-06-25
HRP20141024T1 (en) 2015-01-02
DK1945998T3 (en) 2014-11-03
JP5116680B2 (en) 2013-01-09
US20120062150A1 (en) 2012-03-15
BRPI0616163A2 (en) 2011-06-07
CA2622832A1 (en) 2007-03-29
SG165377A1 (en) 2010-10-28
ES2524608T3 (en) 2014-12-10
TW200745480A (en) 2007-12-16
KR101328630B1 (en) 2013-11-14
WO2007035390A3 (en) 2008-09-25
US9370070B2 (en) 2016-06-14
WO2007035390A2 (en) 2007-03-29
CN101400942A (en) 2009-04-01
TWI407038B (en) 2013-09-01
JP2009509301A (en) 2009-03-05
US20070058366A1 (en) 2007-03-15
ZA200803090B (en) 2012-05-30
CR9884A (en) 2008-11-18
EA200800824A1 (en) 2008-12-30
AU2006292655B2 (en) 2012-12-06
CA2622832C (en) 2013-08-20
NZ566762A (en) 2011-10-28
EP1945998A4 (en) 2013-04-24
US8847520B2 (en) 2014-09-30
CN101400942B (en) 2012-11-14
AU2006292655A1 (en) 2007-03-29
US7986112B2 (en) 2011-07-26
EA011999B1 (en) 2009-06-30
IL190189A0 (en) 2008-11-03
IL190189A (en) 2012-03-29
US20150102725A1 (en) 2015-04-16
EP1945998B1 (en) 2014-07-23
EP1945998A2 (en) 2008-07-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9370070B2 (en) LED module
US7633037B2 (en) Positive temperature coefficient light emitting diode light
US10208936B2 (en) Multi-mode portable lighting device
US9408262B2 (en) Multi-mode portable lighting device
US8727561B2 (en) Light and/or device having a compartment accommodating batteries of different types, sizes and/or shapes
US6791283B2 (en) Dual mode regulated light-emitting diode module for flashlights
US20040189262A1 (en) Circuit devices, circuit devices which include light emitting diodes, assemblies which include such circuit devices, flashlights which include such assemblies, and methods for directly replacing flashlight bulbs
EP2891840B1 (en) Methods and devices that employ thermal control of current to electrical components

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION