US20160117009A1 - Opaque thin film passivation - Google Patents
Opaque thin film passivation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20160117009A1 US20160117009A1 US14/990,674 US201614990674A US2016117009A1 US 20160117009 A1 US20160117009 A1 US 20160117009A1 US 201614990674 A US201614990674 A US 201614990674A US 2016117009 A1 US2016117009 A1 US 2016117009A1
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- Prior art keywords
- passivation layer
- opaque passivation
- touch sensor
- opaque
- metal traces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B2037/1253—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives curable adhesive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
- B32B2037/246—Vapour deposition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/41—Opaque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
- B32B2457/208—Touch screens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04107—Shielding in digitiser, i.e. guard or shielding arrangements, mostly for capacitive touchscreens, e.g. driven shields, driven grounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/282—Applying non-metallic protective coatings for inhibiting the corrosion of the circuit, e.g. for preserving the solderability
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Definitions
- This relates generally to touch sensitive devices and, more specifically, to passivation layers for touch sensitive displays.
- a touch sensitive device can include a touch sensor panel and a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light emission display (OLED), positioned partially or fully behind the panel or integrated with the panel so that the touch sensitive surface can cover at least a portion of the viewable area of the display device.
- the touch sensitive device can allow a user to perform various functions by touching the touch sensor panel using a finger, stylus or other object at a location often dictated by a user interface (UI) being displayed by the display device.
- UI user interface
- the touch sensitive device can recognize a touch event and the position of the touch event on the touch sensor panel, and the computing system can then interpret the touch event in accordance with the display appearing at the time of the touch event, and thereafter can perform one or more actions based on the touch event.
- the touch sensor panel can include transparent traces arranged in rows and columns over the viewable area of the display device. At the ends of each row and column, metal can be used to couple the transparent traces with bus lines connected to a computing system used to interpret the touch events. Since the metal traces are not transparent, a black mask is typically placed on the cover glass of the device to hide the metal from the view of the user. Concealing the metal in this way restricts the size of the sensor and adds complexity to the manufacturing of the device.
- a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer.
- the opaque passivation layer can be made from an organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material.
- the opaque passivation layer can be positioned in the touch sensitive device between the cover material of the device and conductive traces located on the touch sensor. Positioning the opaque passivation layer in this way can advantageously hide the conductive traces from the user's view and protect the conductive traces from corrosion.
- Processes for making touch sensitive devices that include a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer are also provided.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of an exemplary touch sensitive device according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary touch sensor panel that can be used with a touch sensitive device according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of an exemplary touch sensitive device according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary process for making a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system for making a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary personal device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary personal device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- This relates to a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer and processes for making the same.
- the opaque passivation layer can be made from an organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material.
- the opaque passivation layer can be positioned in the touch sensitive device between the cover material of the device and metal traces located on the touch sensor. Positioning the opaque passivation layer in this way can advantageously hide the metal traces from the user's view and protect the metal traces from corrosion.
- the opaque passivation layer can be used in combination with a black mask on the cover material to hide the metal traces from the user's view.
- the opaque passivation layer can be used to cover the metal traces of the touch sensor by directly applying the opaque passivation layer to the metal traces.
- the opaque passivation layer can be positioned between the metal traces and the cover material of the device. In these embodiments, the opaque passivation layer and the metal traces can be located on opposite sides of the touch sensor. In yet other embodiments, the metal traces can be deposited on the opaque passivation layer opposite the cover material.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top-view of an exemplary touch sensitive device 100 , such as a mobile phone, tablet, touchpad, portable computer, portable media player, or the like.
- touch sensitive device 100 can include display 101 that is capable of detecting touch events, such as taps, swipes, hover events, and the like.
- Display 101 can include a cover material (e.g., glass or plastic), a clear touch sensor panel having a touch sensitive surface positioned behind the cover material, and a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light emission display (OLED), that can be positioned partially or fully behind the touch sensor panel or integrated with the touch sensor panel so that the touch sensitive surface can cover at least a portion of the viewable area of display 101 .
- Display 101 can allow a user to perform various functions by touching or hovering over the touch sensor panel using a finger, stylus or other object.
- Touch sensitive device 100 can further include black mask 105 deposited on the cover material (e.g., glass or plastic).
- Black mask 105 can be used to hide portions of the touch sensor panel from the user's view. For instance, as described in greater detail below, metal traces can be located along the edges of display 101 that would be visible to the user if not covered by black mask 105 .
- FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of an exemplary touch sensor 200 that can be used to detect touch events on touch sensitive device 100 .
- Touch sensor 200 can include an array of pixels 205 that can be formed at the crossing points between rows of drive lines 201 (D0-D3) and columns of sense lines 203 (S0-S4). Each pixel 205 can have an associated mutual capacitance Csig 211 formed between the crossing drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 when the drive lines are stimulated.
- the drive lines 201 can be stimulated by stimulation signals 207 provided by drive circuitry (not shown) and can include an alternating current (AC) waveform.
- the sense lines 203 can transmit touch or sense signals 209 indicative of a touch at the panel 200 to sense circuitry (not shown), which can include a sense amplifier for each sense line.
- drive lines 201 can be stimulated by the stimulation signals 207 to capacitively couple with the crossing sense lines 203 , thereby forming a capacitive path for coupling charge from the drive lines 201 to the sense lines 203 .
- the crossing sense lines 203 can output touch signals 209 , representing the coupled charge or current.
- the finger can cause the capacitance Csig 211 to reduce by an amount ⁇ Csig at the touch location.
- This capacitance change ⁇ Csig can be caused by charge or current from the stimulated drive line 201 being shunted through the touching finger to ground rather than being coupled to the crossing sense line 203 at the touch location.
- the touch signals 209 representative of the capacitance change ⁇ Csig can be transmitted by the sense lines 203 to the sense circuitry for processing.
- the touch signals 209 can indicate the pixel where the touch occurred and the amount of touch that occurred at that pixel location.
- touch sensor 200 can include any number of drive lines 201 and any number of sense lines 203 to form the desired number and pattern of pixels 205 .
- drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 are shown in FIG. 2 in a crossing configuration, it should be appreciated that other configurations are also possible to form the desired pixel pattern.
- FIG. 2 illustrates mutual capacitance touch sensing, other touch sensing technologies can also be used in conjunction with embodiments of the disclosure, such as self-capacitance touch sensing, resistive touch sensing, projection scan touch sensing, and the like.
- the touch sensor 200 can also sense a hovering object and generate hover signals there from.
- FIG. 3 illustrates another top-view of exemplary touch sensitive device 100 having a touch sensor panel similar or identical to touch sensor 200 .
- drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 are shown in the viewable area of display 101 .
- drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 can be made from transparent, or at least substantially transparent, materials, such as indium tin oxide, silicon oxide, other transparent oxides, or the like. As such, drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 may not be visible to the user.
- Touch sensitive device 100 can further include conductive metal traces 301 (represented by the dashed lines) for coupling drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 to the circuitry for driving drive lines 201 and the circuitry for interpreting touch signals 209 from sense lines 203 .
- metal traces 301 are symbolically illustrated in FIG. 3 as being extensions of the drive lines 201 , it should be understood that the metal traces may run perpendicular to the drive lines in the border areas of the touch sensitive device 100 . Since metal traces 301 can be made of non-transparent materials, metal traces 301 can be visible to the user and can give device 100 an undesirable aesthetic appearance. Thus, as described in greater detail below with respect to FIGS.
- device 100 can include an opaque passivation layer (not shown), or thin film, and black mask 105 deposited on the cover glass (or other cover material, such as plastic) to hide metal traces 301 from the user's view.
- device 100 can include an opaque passivation layer (not shown) to hide metal traces 301 from the user's view and may not include a black mask.
- the conductive traces in the border areas are primarily described herein as being metal, other types of conductive material may also be used to form the border traces.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary touch sensitive device 400 .
- Touch sensitive device 400 can be similar or identical to touch sensitive device 100 .
- Device 400 can include touch sensor 200 positioned below a cover material, such as cover glass 401 or other optically transparent material.
- touch sensor 200 can include touch sensor lines 405 (e.g., drive lines 201 or sense lines 203 ) (represented by the thin dashed lines) positioned on the top and bottom of substrate 407 of touch sensor 200 .
- touch sensor lines 405 e.g., drive lines 201 or sense lines 203
- drive lines 201 can be positioned on the bottom surface of substrate 407 while sense lines 203 can be positioned on the top surface of substrate 407 or vice versa.
- touch sensor lines 405 on the top surface of substrate 407 can be perpendicular to touch sensor lines 405 on the bottom surface of substrate 407 in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 2 .
- touch sensor lines 405 can be arranged in other angles to form different patterns of pixels 205 .
- drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 can both be positioned on the same side of substrate 407 .
- Touch sensor 200 can further include metal traces 301 (represented by the bold dashed lines) coupled to the touch sensor lines 405 .
- Metal traces 301 can be used to couple drive lines 201 and sense lines 203 to circuitry for driving drive lines 201 and circuitry for interpreting touch signals 209 from sense lines 203 .
- an opaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on all or a portion of metal traces 301 to protect them from corrosive substances. In this way, opaque passivation layer 403 can protect metal traces 301 from corrosion as well as hide metal traces 301 from the user's view.
- Opaque passivation layer 403 can be made from an electrically insulating, opaque organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material.
- opaque passivation layer 403 can have an opacity of at least OD (optical density) 3 .
- opaque passivation layer 403 can include colored dyes to create a border around the display of device 400 having a desired color.
- Device 400 can further include black mask 105 deposited on cover glass 401 (or other cover material). Black mask 105 can be used to further hide metal traces 301 from the user's view.
- the dimensions of black mask 105 and opaque passivation layer 403 can vary depending on the dimensions of touch sensitive device 400 and its components. One of ordinary skill in the art can determine the dimensions of black mask 105 and opaque passivation layer 403 required to hide metal traces 301 from the user's view for any touch sensitive device 400 .
- Device 400 can further include an optically clear adhesive (not shown) disposed between the cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and touch sensor 200 for laminating cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and touch sensor 200 together.
- an optically clear adhesive (not shown) disposed between the cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and touch sensor 200 for laminating cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and touch sensor 200 together.
- the inner edge of black mask 105 extend past the inner edge of the metal traces 301 in order to block the user's view of metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material).
- the distance 411 between the edge of device 400 and the inner edge of metal traces 301 would have to be less than distance 409 between the edge of device 400 and the inner edge of black mask 105 .
- the sensor e.g., touch sensor 200
- the sensor have a certain length and width determined based on the length and width of the cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and the width of black mask 105 .
- opaque passivation layer 403 to cover metal traces 301 , the size of touch sensor 200 is less restricted by the dimensions of device 400 . For example, smaller sensors can be used since the inner edges of black mask 105 are no longer required to extend past the inner edges of metal traces 301 . In other words, opaque passivation layer 403 allows distance 411 to be greater than distance 409 .
- metal traces 301 are shown on only the top surface of substrate 407 , it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the bottom surface of substrate 407 .
- metal traces 301 can be located on the bottom of substrate 407 at the ends of touch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described below with respect to FIG. 6 or 7 .
- device 400 can be the same device as any of devices 600 or 700 and FIG. 4 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that of FIG. 6 or 7 .
- FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device 500 .
- Touch sensitive device 500 can be similar to touch sensitive devices 100 and 400 except that touch sensitive device 500 may omit black mask 105 .
- opaque passivation layer 403 can be positioned over metal traces 301 such that metal traces 301 cannot be viewed by a user through cover glass 401 (or other cover material) from any angle. Positioning opaque passivation layer 403 in this way obviates the need for black mask 105 to block the view of metal traces 301 .
- the outside edges of sensor 200 can extend to the edge of cover glass 401 (or other cover material) in order to block the user's view of other components of device 500 located below touch sensor 200 .
- black mask 105 used in devices 100 and 400 can have a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m.
- Opaque passivation layer 403 can have a thickness of less than 5 ⁇ m, for example, between 2-3 ⁇ m.
- metal traces 301 are shown on only the top surface of substrate 407 in FIG. 5 , it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the bottom surface of substrate 407 .
- metal traces 301 can be located on the bottom of substrate 407 at the ends of touch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described below with respect to FIG. 6 or 7 .
- device 500 can be the same device as any of devices 600 or 700 and FIG. 5 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that of FIG. 6 or 7 .
- FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device 600 .
- Touch sensitive device 600 can be similar to touch sensitive device 500 except that metal traces 301 are shown on the side of touch sensor 200 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material).
- Opaque passivation layer 403 can still be located on the side of touch sensor 200 adjacent to cover glass 401 (or other cover material). However, the inner edge of opaque passivation layer 403 can extend beyond the inner edge of metal traces 301 such that opaque passivation layer 403 can block the user's view of metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material).
- the distance 601 between the edge of device 600 and the inner edge of opaque passivation layer 403 can be greater than the distance 603 between the edge of device 600 and the inner edge of metal traces 301 .
- the amount that the inner edge of opaque passivation layer 403 extends past the inner edge of metal traces 301 can be determined based at least in part on the distance between cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and touch sensor 200 , the amount of metal trace 301 to be visible to the user (if any), the length and width of cover glass 401 (or other cover material), and the thickness of touch sensor 200 .
- cover glass 401 or other cover material
- touch sensor 200 the greater the width and/or length of the cover glass 401 (or other cover material), and/or the greater the thickness of touch sensor 200 , the greater the distance that the inner edge of opaque passivation layer 403 may extend beyond the inner edge of metal traces 301 since larger viewing angles to metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material) are possible.
- cover glass 401 or other cover material
- touch sensor 200 the greater the distance between cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and touch sensor 200 , the smaller the width and/or length of the cover glass 401 (or other cover material), and/or the smaller the thickness of touch sensor 200 , the smaller the distance that the inner edge of opaque passivation layer 403 may extend beyond the inner edge of metal traces 301 since smaller viewing angles to metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material) are possible.
- metal traces 301 are shown on only the bottom surface of substrate 407 , it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the top surface of substrate 407 .
- metal traces 301 can be located on the top of substrate 407 at the ends of touch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described with respect to FIG. 4, 5 , or 8 .
- device 600 can be the same device as any of devices 400 , 500 , or 800 and FIG. 6 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that of FIG. 4, 5 , or 8 .
- FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device 700 .
- Touch sensitive device 700 can be similar to touch sensitive device 600 except that metal traces 301 can be located on a surface of opaque passivation layer 403 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material).
- the inner edge of opaque passivation layer 403 can extend past the inner edge of metal traces 301 .
- the inner edge of opaque passivation layer 403 can be even with the inner edge of metal traces 301 .
- One of ordinary skill in the art can configure opaque passivation layer 403 and metal traces 301 such that opaque passivation layer 403 can block the user's view of metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material).
- metal traces 301 are shown on only the bottom surface of substrate 407 , it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the top surface of substrate 407 .
- metal traces 301 can be located on the top of substrate 407 at the ends of touch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. In FIG. 7 , the upper touch sensor lines 405 may extend to the edge of substrate 407 to form the signal lines.
- These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described with respect to FIG. 4, 5 , or 8 .
- device 700 can be the same device as any of devices 400 , 500 , or 800 and FIG. 7 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that of FIG. 4, 5 , or 8 .
- FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device 800 .
- Touch sensitive device 800 can be similar to touch sensitive device 500 except that opaque passivation layer 403 can be non-uniformly deposited over metal traces 301 to form a gradient.
- the thickness of opaque passivation layer 403 can vary along the length of metal traces 301 .
- the thickness of opaque passivation layer 403 can be thicker at the outside edge of metal trace 301 and can gradually decrease toward the inner edge of metal trace 301 . This can produce a visual gradient effect as illustrated by gradients 801 . While the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows the thickness of opaque passivation layer 403 decreasing towards the inner edge of metal traces 301 , it should be appreciated that other gradients can be generated by varying the thickness of opaque passivation layer 403 to create the desired visual effect.
- This non-uniform pattern for opaque passivation layer 403 can also be used for any of the opaque passivation layers 403 of devices 400 , 500 , 600 , or 700 .
- metal traces 301 are shown on only the top surface of substrate 407 , it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the bottom surface of substrate 407 .
- metal traces 301 can be located on the top of substrate 407 at the ends of touch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 6 or 7 .
- device 800 can be the same device as any of devices 600 or 700 and FIG. 8 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that of FIG. 6 or 7 .
- FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary process for making a touch sensitive device having an opaque passivation layer, such as opaque passivation layer 403 of devices 100 , 400 , 500 , 600 , 700 , and 800 described above.
- a touch sensor can be provided.
- the touch sensor can be a multi-touch capacitive touch sensor similar or identical to touch sensor 200 .
- other touch sensing technologies can also be used in conjunction with embodiments of the disclosure, such as self-capacitance touch sensing, resistive touch sensing, projection scan touch sensing, and the like.
- an opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor.
- the opaque passivation layer can be similar or identical to opaque passivation layer 403 and can include an optically opaque organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material.
- the opaque passivation layer can be deposited using any known thin film process, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), sputtering, or the like.
- the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor over the metal traces.
- the opaque passivation layer e.g., opaque passivation layer 403
- the opaque passivation layer can be used in combination with a black mask (e.g., black mask 105 ) to block the user's view of some or all of metal traces 301 .
- the opaque passivation layer can cover the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer and black mask completely block the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material).
- the opaque passivation layer and black mask can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces.
- the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor over the metal traces.
- a black mask may not be used in combination with the opaque passivation layer to block the user's view of the metal traces.
- the opaque passivation layer e.g., opaque passivation layer 403
- the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on all or a portion of metal traces 301 .
- the opaque passivation layer can cover the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer completely blocks the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material).
- the opaque passivation layer can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces.
- the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor between the metal traces and the cover glass (or other cover material).
- metal traces 301 can be deposited on a surface of touch sensor 200 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material).
- the opaque passivation layer e.g., opaque passivation layer 403
- the opaque passivation layer can extend beyond the inner edge of the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer completely blocks the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material). In other examples, the opaque passivation layer can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces.
- the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor and the metal traces can be deposited on the opaque passivation layer.
- opaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on a surface of touch sensor 200 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material).
- the metal traces e.g., metal traces 301
- cover glass 401 or other cover material
- the opaque passivation layer can extend beyond the inner edge of the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer completely blocks the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material). In other examples, the opaque passivation layer can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces.
- the opaque passivation layer deposited on the touch sensor can have a non-uniform thickness.
- opaque passivation layer 403 having a non-uniform thickness can be deposited on at least a portion of metal traces 301 .
- the non-uniformly distributed opaque passivation layer 403 can generate a visual gradient similar or identical to gradient 801 .
- opaque passivation layer 403 having a non-uniform thickness can be generated by depositing multiple partially overlapping opaque passivation layers 403 on touch sensor 200 , as shown in FIG. 8 .
- a first opaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on the substrate and hardened.
- a narrower second opaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on the first opaque passivation layer 403 and hardened. This process can be repeated any number of times to generate the desired gradient.
- the thickness of opaque passivation layer 403 can be larger at the outer edges of metal traces 301 and can be smaller at the inner edges of metal traces 301 . This can produce a dark border near the edge of the device that gradually becomes lighter toward the center of the device. It should be appreciated, however, that other patterns of thicknesses can be used to generate the desired visual gradient.
- the opaque passivation layer can cover the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer blocks all or a portion of the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material).
- the thickest portion of opaque passivation layer can have a thickness of less than 5 ⁇ m, for example, between 2-3 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the opaque passivation layer can be varied to produce a desired visual gradient, with the thicknesses depending on the characteristics of the opaque passivation layer.
- One of ordinary skill in the art can adjust the varying levels of thickness of the opaque passivation layer to produce the desired visual gradient. While specific thicknesses are provided above, it should be appreciated that the thickness can be varied depending on the particular application.
- the process of depositing an opaque passivation layer having a non-uniform thickness can be applied to any of the other embodiments described above.
- the opaque passivation layer can be applied to other components of the device to protect the components from corrosion or to block the user's view of the component.
- the touch sensor can be laminated to a cover material.
- a touch sensor similar or identical to touch sensor 200 can be laminated to cover glass 401 (or other cover material) using an optically clear adhesive.
- System 1000 can include instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as memory 1003 or storage device 1001 , and executed by processor 1005 .
- the instructions can also be stored and/or transported within any non-transitory computer readable storage medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions.
- a “non-transitory computer readable storage medium” can be any medium that can contain or store the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
- the non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM) (magnetic), a read-only memory (ROM) (magnetic), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) (magnetic), a portable optical disc such a CD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-R, or DVD-RW, or flash memory such as compact flash cards, secured digital cards, USB memory devices, memory sticks, and the like.
- the instructions can also be propagated within any transport medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions.
- a “transport medium” can be any medium that can communicate, propagate or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
- the transport medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic or infrared wired or wireless propagation medium.
- System 1000 can further include manufacturing device 1007 coupled to processor 1005 .
- Manufacturing device 1007 can include passivation layer device 1011 configured to deposit the opaque passivation layer (e.g., opaque passivation layer 403 ) onto a touch sensor (e.g., touch sensor 200 ) and laminating device 1013 configured to laminate the touch sensor (e.g., touch sensor 200 ) to a cover material (e.g., cover glass 401 or other cover material).
- Processor 1005 can control manufacturing device 1007 and its components to apply the desired pattern of opaque passivation layers and to laminate the touch sensor to the cover material using the appropriate amount of optically clear adhesive in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect to process 1000 .
- system is not limited to the components and configuration of FIG. 10 , but can include other or additional components in multiple configurations according to various embodiments. Additionally, the components of system 1000 can be included within a single device, or can be distributed between two manufacturing device 1007 , in some embodiments, processor 1005 can be located within manufacturing device 1007 .
- FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary personal device 1100 , such as a tablet, that can include a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
- FIG. 12 illustrates another exemplary personal device 1200 , such as a mobile phone, that can include a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments.
Abstract
A touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer is disclosed. The opaque passivation layer can be made from an organic or inorganic material, such as acrylic. The opaque passivation layer can be positioned in the touch sensitive device between the cover material of the device and conductive traces located on the touch sensor to hide the conductive traces from the user's view and protect the conductive traces from corrosion. Processes for making the touch sensitive devices that include a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer are also disclosed.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/278,048, Oct. 20, 2011, and published on Apr. 25, 2013 as U.S. Patent Publication No. 2013/0100039, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
- This relates generally to touch sensitive devices and, more specifically, to passivation layers for touch sensitive displays.
- Touch sensitive devices have become popular as input devices to computing systems due to their ease and versatility of operation as well as their declining price. A touch sensitive device can include a touch sensor panel and a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light emission display (OLED), positioned partially or fully behind the panel or integrated with the panel so that the touch sensitive surface can cover at least a portion of the viewable area of the display device. The touch sensitive device can allow a user to perform various functions by touching the touch sensor panel using a finger, stylus or other object at a location often dictated by a user interface (UI) being displayed by the display device. In general, the touch sensitive device can recognize a touch event and the position of the touch event on the touch sensor panel, and the computing system can then interpret the touch event in accordance with the display appearing at the time of the touch event, and thereafter can perform one or more actions based on the touch event.
- To detect touch events, the touch sensor panel can include transparent traces arranged in rows and columns over the viewable area of the display device. At the ends of each row and column, metal can be used to couple the transparent traces with bus lines connected to a computing system used to interpret the touch events. Since the metal traces are not transparent, a black mask is typically placed on the cover glass of the device to hide the metal from the view of the user. Concealing the metal in this way restricts the size of the sensor and adds complexity to the manufacturing of the device.
- A touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer is provided. The opaque passivation layer can be made from an organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material. The opaque passivation layer can be positioned in the touch sensitive device between the cover material of the device and conductive traces located on the touch sensor. Positioning the opaque passivation layer in this way can advantageously hide the conductive traces from the user's view and protect the conductive traces from corrosion.
- Processes for making touch sensitive devices that include a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer are also provided.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of an exemplary touch sensitive device according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary touch sensor panel that can be used with a touch sensitive device according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of an exemplary touch sensitive device according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary process for making a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system for making a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary personal device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary personal device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. - In the following description of example embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which it is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments that can be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments can be used and structural changes can be made without departing from the scope of the various embodiments.
- This relates to a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer and processes for making the same. The opaque passivation layer can be made from an organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material. The opaque passivation layer can be positioned in the touch sensitive device between the cover material of the device and metal traces located on the touch sensor. Positioning the opaque passivation layer in this way can advantageously hide the metal traces from the user's view and protect the metal traces from corrosion.
- In some embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be used in combination with a black mask on the cover material to hide the metal traces from the user's view. In other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be used to cover the metal traces of the touch sensor by directly applying the opaque passivation layer to the metal traces. In yet other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be positioned between the metal traces and the cover material of the device. In these embodiments, the opaque passivation layer and the metal traces can be located on opposite sides of the touch sensor. In yet other embodiments, the metal traces can be deposited on the opaque passivation layer opposite the cover material. These will be described in more detail below.
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FIG. 1 illustrates a top-view of an exemplary touchsensitive device 100, such as a mobile phone, tablet, touchpad, portable computer, portable media player, or the like. In some embodiments, touchsensitive device 100 can includedisplay 101 that is capable of detecting touch events, such as taps, swipes, hover events, and the like.Display 101 can include a cover material (e.g., glass or plastic), a clear touch sensor panel having a touch sensitive surface positioned behind the cover material, and a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light emission display (OLED), that can be positioned partially or fully behind the touch sensor panel or integrated with the touch sensor panel so that the touch sensitive surface can cover at least a portion of the viewable area ofdisplay 101.Display 101 can allow a user to perform various functions by touching or hovering over the touch sensor panel using a finger, stylus or other object. - Touch
sensitive device 100 can further includeblack mask 105 deposited on the cover material (e.g., glass or plastic).Black mask 105 can be used to hide portions of the touch sensor panel from the user's view. For instance, as described in greater detail below, metal traces can be located along the edges ofdisplay 101 that would be visible to the user if not covered byblack mask 105. -
FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of anexemplary touch sensor 200 that can be used to detect touch events on touchsensitive device 100.Touch sensor 200 can include an array ofpixels 205 that can be formed at the crossing points between rows of drive lines 201 (D0-D3) and columns of sense lines 203 (S0-S4). Eachpixel 205 can have an associatedmutual capacitance Csig 211 formed between thecrossing drive lines 201 andsense lines 203 when the drive lines are stimulated. Thedrive lines 201 can be stimulated bystimulation signals 207 provided by drive circuitry (not shown) and can include an alternating current (AC) waveform. Thesense lines 203 can transmit touch orsense signals 209 indicative of a touch at thepanel 200 to sense circuitry (not shown), which can include a sense amplifier for each sense line. - To sense a touch at the
touch sensor 200,drive lines 201 can be stimulated by thestimulation signals 207 to capacitively couple with thecrossing sense lines 203, thereby forming a capacitive path for coupling charge from thedrive lines 201 to thesense lines 203. Thecrossing sense lines 203 can outputtouch signals 209, representing the coupled charge or current. When a user's finger (or other object) touches thepanel 200, the finger can cause thecapacitance Csig 211 to reduce by an amount ΔCsig at the touch location. This capacitance change ΔCsig can be caused by charge or current from the stimulateddrive line 201 being shunted through the touching finger to ground rather than being coupled to thecrossing sense line 203 at the touch location. The touch signals 209 representative of the capacitance change ΔCsig can be transmitted by thesense lines 203 to the sense circuitry for processing. Thetouch signals 209 can indicate the pixel where the touch occurred and the amount of touch that occurred at that pixel location. - While the embodiment shown in
FIG. 2 includes fourdrive lines 201 and fivesense lines 203, it should be appreciated thattouch sensor 200 can include any number ofdrive lines 201 and any number ofsense lines 203 to form the desired number and pattern ofpixels 205. Additionally, while thedrive lines 201 andsense lines 203 are shown inFIG. 2 in a crossing configuration, it should be appreciated that other configurations are also possible to form the desired pixel pattern. WhileFIG. 2 illustrates mutual capacitance touch sensing, other touch sensing technologies can also be used in conjunction with embodiments of the disclosure, such as self-capacitance touch sensing, resistive touch sensing, projection scan touch sensing, and the like. Furthermore, while various embodiments describe a sensed touch, it should be appreciated that thetouch sensor 200 can also sense a hovering object and generate hover signals there from. -
FIG. 3 illustrates another top-view of exemplary touchsensitive device 100 having a touch sensor panel similar or identical to touchsensor 200. For purposes of explanation, drivelines 201 and sense lines 203 (represented by the solid lines) are shown in the viewable area ofdisplay 101. However, it should be appreciated that drivelines 201 andsense lines 203 can be made from transparent, or at least substantially transparent, materials, such as indium tin oxide, silicon oxide, other transparent oxides, or the like. As such,drive lines 201 andsense lines 203 may not be visible to the user. - Touch
sensitive device 100 can further include conductive metal traces 301 (represented by the dashed lines) forcoupling drive lines 201 andsense lines 203 to the circuitry for drivingdrive lines 201 and the circuitry for interpretingtouch signals 209 from sense lines 203. Note that although metal traces 301 are symbolically illustrated inFIG. 3 as being extensions of thedrive lines 201, it should be understood that the metal traces may run perpendicular to the drive lines in the border areas of the touchsensitive device 100. Since metal traces 301 can be made of non-transparent materials, metal traces 301 can be visible to the user and can givedevice 100 an undesirable aesthetic appearance. Thus, as described in greater detail below with respect toFIGS. 4-8 , in some embodiments,device 100 can include an opaque passivation layer (not shown), or thin film, andblack mask 105 deposited on the cover glass (or other cover material, such as plastic) to hide metal traces 301 from the user's view. Alternatively, in other embodiments,device 100 can include an opaque passivation layer (not shown) to hide metal traces 301 from the user's view and may not include a black mask. It should also be understood that although the conductive traces in the border areas are primarily described herein as being metal, other types of conductive material may also be used to form the border traces. -
FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary touchsensitive device 400. Touchsensitive device 400 can be similar or identical to touchsensitive device 100.Device 400 can includetouch sensor 200 positioned below a cover material, such ascover glass 401 or other optically transparent material. In some embodiments,touch sensor 200 can include touch sensor lines 405 (e.g., drivelines 201 or sense lines 203) (represented by the thin dashed lines) positioned on the top and bottom ofsubstrate 407 oftouch sensor 200. For example, drivelines 201 can be positioned on the bottom surface ofsubstrate 407 whilesense lines 203 can be positioned on the top surface ofsubstrate 407 or vice versa. Additionally,touch sensor lines 405 on the top surface ofsubstrate 407 can be perpendicular to touchsensor lines 405 on the bottom surface ofsubstrate 407 in a manner similar to that shown inFIG. 2 . Alternatively,touch sensor lines 405 can be arranged in other angles to form different patterns ofpixels 205. In other embodiments, drivelines 201 andsense lines 203 can both be positioned on the same side ofsubstrate 407. -
Touch sensor 200 can further include metal traces 301 (represented by the bold dashed lines) coupled to the touch sensor lines 405. Metal traces 301 can be used to coupledrive lines 201 andsense lines 203 to circuitry for drivingdrive lines 201 and circuitry for interpretingtouch signals 209 from sense lines 203. Since metal traces 301 can be susceptible to corrosion, anopaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on all or a portion of metal traces 301 to protect them from corrosive substances. In this way,opaque passivation layer 403 can protect metal traces 301 from corrosion as well as hide metal traces 301 from the user's view.Opaque passivation layer 403 can be made from an electrically insulating, opaque organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material. In some embodiments,opaque passivation layer 403 can have an opacity of at least OD (optical density) 3. In other embodiments,opaque passivation layer 403 can include colored dyes to create a border around the display ofdevice 400 having a desired color. -
Device 400 can further includeblack mask 105 deposited on cover glass 401 (or other cover material).Black mask 105 can be used to further hide metal traces 301 from the user's view. The dimensions ofblack mask 105 andopaque passivation layer 403 can vary depending on the dimensions of touchsensitive device 400 and its components. One of ordinary skill in the art can determine the dimensions ofblack mask 105 andopaque passivation layer 403 required to hide metal traces 301 from the user's view for any touchsensitive device 400. -
Device 400 can further include an optically clear adhesive (not shown) disposed between the cover glass 401 (or other cover material) andtouch sensor 200 for laminating cover glass 401 (or other cover material) andtouch sensor 200 together. - Traditionally, without
opaque passivation layer 403, it would be required that the inner edge ofblack mask 105 extend past the inner edge of the metal traces 301 in order to block the user's view of metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material). In other words, thedistance 411 between the edge ofdevice 400 and the inner edge of metal traces 301 would have to be less thandistance 409 between the edge ofdevice 400 and the inner edge ofblack mask 105. This required that the sensor (e.g., touch sensor 200) have a certain length and width determined based on the length and width of the cover glass 401 (or other cover material) and the width ofblack mask 105. However, by usingopaque passivation layer 403 to cover metal traces 301, the size oftouch sensor 200 is less restricted by the dimensions ofdevice 400. For example, smaller sensors can be used since the inner edges ofblack mask 105 are no longer required to extend past the inner edges of metal traces 301. In other words,opaque passivation layer 403 allowsdistance 411 to be greater thandistance 409. - While metal traces 301 are shown on only the top surface of
substrate 407, it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the bottom surface ofsubstrate 407. For example, metal traces 301 can be located on the bottom ofsubstrate 407 at the ends oftouch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described below with respect toFIG. 6 or 7 . Thus, in some embodiments,device 400 can be the same device as any ofdevices FIG. 4 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that ofFIG. 6 or 7 . -
FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touch sensitive device 500. Touch sensitive device 500 can be similar to touchsensitive devices black mask 105. Instead,opaque passivation layer 403 can be positioned over metal traces 301 such that metal traces 301 cannot be viewed by a user through cover glass 401 (or other cover material) from any angle. Positioningopaque passivation layer 403 in this way obviates the need forblack mask 105 to block the view of metal traces 301. In some embodiments, the outside edges ofsensor 200 can extend to the edge of cover glass 401 (or other cover material) in order to block the user's view of other components of device 500 located belowtouch sensor 200. - In some embodiments,
black mask 105 used indevices Opaque passivation layer 403 can have a thickness of less than 5 μm, for example, between 2-3 μm. Thus, by eliminating the need to includeblack mask 105 between cover glass 401 (or other cover material) andtouch sensor 200, the amount of optically clear adhesive (not shown) needed to fill the gap between cover glass 401 (or other cover material) andtouch sensor 200 can be reduced. - Similar to
FIG. 4 , while metal traces 301 are shown on only the top surface ofsubstrate 407 inFIG. 5 , it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the bottom surface ofsubstrate 407. For example, metal traces 301 can be located on the bottom ofsubstrate 407 at the ends oftouch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described below with respect toFIG. 6 or 7 . Thus, in some embodiments, device 500 can be the same device as any ofdevices FIG. 5 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that ofFIG. 6 or 7 . -
FIG. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touchsensitive device 600. Touchsensitive device 600 can be similar to touch sensitive device 500 except that metal traces 301 are shown on the side oftouch sensor 200 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material).Opaque passivation layer 403 can still be located on the side oftouch sensor 200 adjacent to cover glass 401 (or other cover material). However, the inner edge ofopaque passivation layer 403 can extend beyond the inner edge of metal traces 301 such thatopaque passivation layer 403 can block the user's view of metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material). In other words, thedistance 601 between the edge ofdevice 600 and the inner edge ofopaque passivation layer 403 can be greater than thedistance 603 between the edge ofdevice 600 and the inner edge of metal traces 301. The amount that the inner edge ofopaque passivation layer 403 extends past the inner edge of metal traces 301 can be determined based at least in part on the distance between cover glass 401 (or other cover material) andtouch sensor 200, the amount ofmetal trace 301 to be visible to the user (if any), the length and width of cover glass 401 (or other cover material), and the thickness oftouch sensor 200. For instance, the smaller the distance between cover glass 401 (or other cover material) andtouch sensor 200, the greater the width and/or length of the cover glass 401 (or other cover material), and/or the greater the thickness oftouch sensor 200, the greater the distance that the inner edge ofopaque passivation layer 403 may extend beyond the inner edge of metal traces 301 since larger viewing angles to metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material) are possible. Conversely, the greater the distance between cover glass 401 (or other cover material) andtouch sensor 200, the smaller the width and/or length of the cover glass 401 (or other cover material), and/or the smaller the thickness oftouch sensor 200, the smaller the distance that the inner edge ofopaque passivation layer 403 may extend beyond the inner edge of metal traces 301 since smaller viewing angles to metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material) are possible. - While metal traces 301 are shown on only the bottom surface of
substrate 407, it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the top surface ofsubstrate 407. For example, metal traces 301 can be located on the top ofsubstrate 407 at the ends oftouch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described with respect toFIG. 4, 5 , or 8. Thus, in some embodiments,device 600 can be the same device as any ofdevices FIG. 6 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that ofFIG. 4, 5 , or 8. -
FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touchsensitive device 700. Touchsensitive device 700 can be similar to touchsensitive device 600 except that metal traces 301 can be located on a surface ofopaque passivation layer 403 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material). In some embodiments, the inner edge ofopaque passivation layer 403 can extend past the inner edge of metal traces 301. In other embodiments the inner edge ofopaque passivation layer 403 can be even with the inner edge of metal traces 301. One of ordinary skill in the art can configureopaque passivation layer 403 and metal traces 301 such thatopaque passivation layer 403 can block the user's view of metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material). - While metal traces 301 are shown on only the bottom surface of
substrate 407, it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the top surface ofsubstrate 407. For example, metal traces 301 can be located on the top ofsubstrate 407 at the ends oftouch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. InFIG. 7 , the uppertouch sensor lines 405 may extend to the edge ofsubstrate 407 to form the signal lines. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described with respect toFIG. 4, 5 , or 8. Thus, in some embodiments,device 700 can be the same device as any ofdevices FIG. 7 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that ofFIG. 4, 5 , or 8. -
FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of another exemplary touchsensitive device 800. Touchsensitive device 800 can be similar to touch sensitive device 500 except thatopaque passivation layer 403 can be non-uniformly deposited over metal traces 301 to form a gradient. For instance, the thickness ofopaque passivation layer 403 can vary along the length of metal traces 301. As shown inFIG. 8 , the thickness ofopaque passivation layer 403 can be thicker at the outside edge ofmetal trace 301 and can gradually decrease toward the inner edge ofmetal trace 301. This can produce a visual gradient effect as illustrated bygradients 801. While the embodiment ofFIG. 8 shows the thickness ofopaque passivation layer 403 decreasing towards the inner edge of metal traces 301, it should be appreciated that other gradients can be generated by varying the thickness ofopaque passivation layer 403 to create the desired visual effect. This non-uniform pattern foropaque passivation layer 403 can also be used for any of the opaque passivation layers 403 ofdevices - While metal traces 301 are shown on only the top surface of
substrate 407, it should be appreciated that metal traces 301 can also be included on the bottom surface ofsubstrate 407. For example, metal traces 301 can be located on the top ofsubstrate 407 at the ends oftouch sensor lines 405 that extend into and out of the page. These metal traces 301 can be hidden from the user's view using the techniques described above with respect toFIG. 6 or 7 . Thus, in some embodiments,device 800 can be the same device as any ofdevices FIG. 8 can illustrate the device cut along a line perpendicular to that ofFIG. 6 or 7 . -
FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary process for making a touch sensitive device having an opaque passivation layer, such asopaque passivation layer 403 ofdevices block 901, a touch sensor can be provided. The touch sensor can be a multi-touch capacitive touch sensor similar or identical to touchsensor 200. However, it should be appreciated that other touch sensing technologies can also be used in conjunction with embodiments of the disclosure, such as self-capacitance touch sensing, resistive touch sensing, projection scan touch sensing, and the like. - At
block 903, an opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor. The opaque passivation layer can be similar or identical toopaque passivation layer 403 and can include an optically opaque organic or inorganic material, such as an acrylic-based material. The opaque passivation layer can be deposited using any known thin film process, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), sputtering, or the like. - In some embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor over the metal traces. For example, as described above with respect to
FIG. 4 , the opaque passivation layer (e.g., opaque passivation layer 403) can be deposited on all or a portion of metal traces 301. The opaque passivation layer can be used in combination with a black mask (e.g., black mask 105) to block the user's view of some or all of metal traces 301. For example, in some embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can cover the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer and black mask completely block the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material). In other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer and black mask can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces. - In other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor over the metal traces. However, in these embodiments, a black mask may not be used in combination with the opaque passivation layer to block the user's view of the metal traces. For example, as described above with respect to
FIG. 5 , the opaque passivation layer (e.g., opaque passivation layer 403) can be deposited on all or a portion of metal traces 301. In some examples, the opaque passivation layer can cover the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer completely blocks the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material). In other examples, the opaque passivation layer can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces. - In other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor between the metal traces and the cover glass (or other cover material). For example, as described above with respect to
FIG. 6 , metal traces 301 can be deposited on a surface oftouch sensor 200 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material). The opaque passivation layer (e.g., opaque passivation layer 403) can be deposited on the surface oftouch sensor 200 adjacent to cover glass 401 (or other cover material) such that the user's view of metal traces 301 is partially or fully blocked byopaque passivation layer 403. In some examples, the opaque passivation layer can extend beyond the inner edge of the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer completely blocks the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material). In other examples, the opaque passivation layer can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces. - In other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be deposited on the touch sensor and the metal traces can be deposited on the opaque passivation layer. For example, as described above with respect to
FIG. 7 ,opaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on a surface oftouch sensor 200 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material). The metal traces (e.g., metal traces 301) can be deposited on the surface ofopaque passivation layer 403 opposite cover glass 401 (or other cover material) such that the user's view of metal traces 301 through cover glass 401 (or other cover material) is partially or fully blocked byopaque passivation layer 403. In some examples, the opaque passivation layer can extend beyond the inner edge of the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer completely blocks the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material). In other examples, the opaque passivation layer can be configured to block only a portion of the user's view of the metal traces. - In other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer deposited on the touch sensor can have a non-uniform thickness. For example, as described above with respect to
FIG. 8 ,opaque passivation layer 403 having a non-uniform thickness can be deposited on at least a portion of metal traces 301. The non-uniformly distributedopaque passivation layer 403 can generate a visual gradient similar or identical togradient 801. In some examples,opaque passivation layer 403 having a non-uniform thickness can be generated by depositing multiple partially overlapping opaque passivation layers 403 ontouch sensor 200, as shown inFIG. 8 . Specifically, a firstopaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on the substrate and hardened. A narrower secondopaque passivation layer 403 can be deposited on the firstopaque passivation layer 403 and hardened. This process can be repeated any number of times to generate the desired gradient. In some examples, the thickness ofopaque passivation layer 403 can be larger at the outer edges of metal traces 301 and can be smaller at the inner edges of metal traces 301. This can produce a dark border near the edge of the device that gradually becomes lighter toward the center of the device. It should be appreciated, however, that other patterns of thicknesses can be used to generate the desired visual gradient. In some examples, the opaque passivation layer can cover the metal traces such that the opaque passivation layer blocks all or a portion of the user's view of the metal traces through the cover glass (or other cover material). In some embodiments, the thickest portion of opaque passivation layer can have a thickness of less than 5 μm, for example, between 2-3 μm. As mentioned above, the thickness of the opaque passivation layer can be varied to produce a desired visual gradient, with the thicknesses depending on the characteristics of the opaque passivation layer. One of ordinary skill in the art can adjust the varying levels of thickness of the opaque passivation layer to produce the desired visual gradient. While specific thicknesses are provided above, it should be appreciated that the thickness can be varied depending on the particular application. Moreover, the process of depositing an opaque passivation layer having a non-uniform thickness can be applied to any of the other embodiments described above. - In other embodiments, the opaque passivation layer can be applied to other components of the device to protect the components from corrosion or to block the user's view of the component.
- At
block 905, the touch sensor can be laminated to a cover material. For example, a touch sensor similar or identical to touchsensor 200 can be laminated to cover glass 401 (or other cover material) using an optically clear adhesive. - One or more of the functions relating to the manufacturing of a touch sensitive device that includes a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer can be performed by a system similar or identical to
system 1000 shown inFIG. 10 .System 1000 can include instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such asmemory 1003 orstorage device 1001, and executed byprocessor 1005. The instructions can also be stored and/or transported within any non-transitory computer readable storage medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “non-transitory computer readable storage medium” can be any medium that can contain or store the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, a portable computer diskette (magnetic), a random access memory (RAM) (magnetic), a read-only memory (ROM) (magnetic), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) (magnetic), a portable optical disc such a CD, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD, DVD-R, or DVD-RW, or flash memory such as compact flash cards, secured digital cards, USB memory devices, memory sticks, and the like. - The instructions can also be propagated within any transport medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In the context of this document, a “transport medium” can be any medium that can communicate, propagate or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The transport medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic or infrared wired or wireless propagation medium.
-
System 1000 can further includemanufacturing device 1007 coupled toprocessor 1005.Manufacturing device 1007 can includepassivation layer device 1011 configured to deposit the opaque passivation layer (e.g., opaque passivation layer 403) onto a touch sensor (e.g., touch sensor 200) andlaminating device 1013 configured to laminate the touch sensor (e.g., touch sensor 200) to a cover material (e.g.,cover glass 401 or other cover material).Processor 1005 can controlmanufacturing device 1007 and its components to apply the desired pattern of opaque passivation layers and to laminate the touch sensor to the cover material using the appropriate amount of optically clear adhesive in a manner similar or identical to that described above with respect toprocess 1000. - It is to be understood that the system is not limited to the components and configuration of
FIG. 10 , but can include other or additional components in multiple configurations according to various embodiments. Additionally, the components ofsystem 1000 can be included within a single device, or can be distributed between twomanufacturing device 1007, in some embodiments,processor 1005 can be located withinmanufacturing device 1007. -
FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary personal device 1100, such as a tablet, that can include a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. -
FIG. 12 illustrates another exemplary personal device 1200, such as a mobile phone, that can include a touch sensor having an opaque passivation layer according to various embodiments. - Although embodiments have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the various embodiments as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A device comprising:
a cover material;
a touch sensor comprising:
a substrate;
a first set of conductive traces disposed on a first surface of the substrate;
a first opaque passivation layer disposed on a second surface of the substrate opposite the first surface, wherein at least a portion of the first opaque passivation layer is disposed between the set of conductive traces and the cover material; and
an optically clear adhesive laminating the cover material to the touch sensor.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein a distance from an outer edge of the device to an inner edge of the first opaque passivation layer is greater than a distance from the outer edge of the device to an inner edge of the set of conductive traces.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer has a thickness of less than 5 μm.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer has a thickness between 2-3 μm.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device excludes a black mask.
6. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first set of touch sensor lines disposed on the first surface of the substrate and coupled to the set of conductive traces.
7. The device of claim 6 , further comprising:
a second set of touch sensor lines disposed on the second surface of the substrate.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer has an optical density greater than or equal to 3.
9. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second set of conductive traces disposed on the second surface of the substrate, wherein the second set of conductive traces are coupled to ends of a plurality of touch sensor lines.
10. The device of claim 9 , further comprising:
at least one of a second opaque passivation layer and a black mask disposed on the second set of conductive traces.
11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the second opaque passivation layer has a gradient thickness.
12. The device of claim 11 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer comprises acrylic.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is a touch sensitive display.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer contacts the cover material.
15. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer is configured to conceal all of the first set of conductive traces.
16. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer is configured to conceal a portion of the first set of conductive traces.
17. A method for manufacturing a device, the method comprising:
depositing a first set of touch sensor lines capable of measuring a touch object;
depositing a first set of conductive traces on a first surface of a substrate, the first set of conductive traces coupled to the first set of touch sensor lines;
depositing a first opaque passivation layer between the first set of conductive traces and a cover material;
laminating the substrate to the cover material using an optically clear adhesive.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the first opaque passivation layer is deposited such that the outer edge of the device to an inner edge of the first opaque passivation layer is greater than a distance from the outer edge of the device to an inner edge of the first set of conductive traces.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the first set of touch sensor lines are deposited on the first surface of the substrate, the method further comprising:
depositing a second set of touch sensor lines on the second surface of the substrate and proximate to the first opaque passivation layer.
20. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
depositing a second set of conductive traces on a second surface of the substrate opposite the first surface; and
depositing a second opaque passivation layer on the second set of conductive traces.
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Also Published As
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US20130100039A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
US9259904B2 (en) | 2016-02-16 |
US11460964B2 (en) | 2022-10-04 |
US20200174593A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
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