US20130190762A1 - Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone - Google Patents
Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone Download PDFInfo
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- US20130190762A1 US20130190762A1 US13/792,560 US201313792560A US2013190762A1 US 20130190762 A1 US20130190762 A1 US 20130190762A1 US 201313792560 A US201313792560 A US 201313792560A US 2013190762 A1 US2013190762 A1 US 2013190762A1
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- plate
- intramedullary
- bore
- bores
- fastener
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7283—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special cross-section of the nail
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1725—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires for applying transverse screws or pins through intramedullary nails or pins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7291—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices for small bones, e.g. in the foot, ankle, hand or wrist
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
- A61B17/8061—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates specially adapted for particular bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8685—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor comprising multiple separate parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8875—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to the field of bone fracture fixation, and more specifically to a new and useful method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone.
- Severe bone fractures are most commonly repaired with open reduction and internal fixation using plates and screws attached to the periosteum of the bone.
- the typical method to gain access to the fracture site is by making a large incision through the skin and muscles. Once the fracture has been exposed, the plate is then attached to the bone fragment(s) using screws. The placement of the bone plate aides in the healing of the fractured bone by minimizing the amount of interfragmentary movement. After the plate is in place, the wound is suture closed. The suture, however, often leaves behind a large scar.
- Intramedullary plate fixation includes installing fixation plates inside the intramedullary canal of the fractured bone and is currently used as an alternative to periostial plate fixation and casting that yields reliable bone fracture healing. Intramedullary plate fixation also aids the surgeon in more accurately restoring the shape of the fractured bone to its original (pre-fracture shape) with the help of the anatomic shape of the plate. By utilizing the intramedullary canal for the location of the plate, intramedullary plate fixation provides for the lowest possible profile of fixation, minimizing problems of prominent hardware, as well as providing ideal mechanical resistance to forces across the fixation-bone interfaces.
- intramedullary plate fixation procedures generally require a long incision to be made in the patient at the site of the fracture for the installation of the plates and the fixation of the plates using screws through the patient's bone.
- intramedullary plates may have bore geometry that accommodates for screws or nails for fixation, but are not visible to the surgeon once the plates have been installed inside the intramedullary canal, thus complicating fixation procedures.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 include a side view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of a preferred embodiment of the invention being applied to a fractured bone;
- FIGS. 3-6 include a front view, a cross-sectional view, a first perspective view, and a second perspective view, respectively, of the first intramedullary plate of the preferred embodiment;
- FIGS. 7-10 include a front view, a cross-sectional view, a first perspective view, and a second perspective view, respectively, of the second intramedullary plate of the preferred embodiment
- FIGS. 11-13 include a front view, a first perspective view, and a second perspective view, respectively, of the first and second intramedullary plates of the preferred embodiment in an engaged position;
- FIGS. 14 and 15 include a front view and a side view, respectively, of a variation of the first and second intramedullary plates of the preferred embodiment in the engaged position;
- FIGS. 16 and 17 include a side view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of the fastener of the preferred embodiment
- FIG. 18 is a schematic representation of the preferred embodiment in FIG. 1 when installation is complete in a cross section view.
- FIGS. 19-22 are various views of the preferred embodiment during installation.
- the intramedullary locking system of the preferred embodiment includes a first intramedullary plate 1 with a plurality of first plate bores 2 , a second intramedullary plate 5 with a plurality of second plate bores 6 that interfaces and is fastened to the first intramedullary plate 1 , a plurality of fasteners 13 that fasten the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 to bone through the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 , and an alignment fixture 20 held outside of the body with a proximal fixture end 9 that corresponds with the proximal end of the bone 10 and a distal fixture end 11 that corresponds with the distal end of the bone 12 .
- the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 are preferably inserted into the marrow cavity of the fractured bone and then preferably fastened to each other and to the bone to fixate the bone into the desired arrangement for healing.
- the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 are fixated to the bone by the plurality of fasteners 13 .
- the alignment fixture 20 is preferably used to assist the surgeon in locating the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 from outside of the patient's body, allowing the surgeons to make minimal incisions into the patient's body to apply the fasteners 13 and to fasten the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 to the fractured bone of the patient.
- This system and method for intramedullary bone fixation preferably allows for a minimally invasive process to adequately fixate a fractured bone for healing.
- the first intramedullary plate 1 preferably includes an end with a cross section that contains a duct 3 .
- the duct 3 may be a closed duct (similar to an “O” cross section) or may alternatively be an open duct (similar to a “C” cross section), but may be any other suitable shape.
- the second intramedullary plate 5 preferably includes an end with a cross section that contains duct-connecting geometry 7 that allows insertion into the duct 3 of the first intramedullary plate (as shown in FIGS. 9-13 ).
- the geometry of the duct 3 and the duct-connecting geometry 7 also preferably align the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 upon insertion.
- the duct 3 and the duct connecting geometry 7 may extend through the whole length of the first and/or second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 respectively (as shown in FIGS. 3-13 ), but may alternatively be contained to the interfacing ends of the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 (as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 ).
- the overlap of the first and second intramedullary plate 1 and 5 upon insertion preferably allows a first plate bore 2 and a second plate bore 6 to be in alignment such that a fastener 13 may be used to also fasten the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 together.
- first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 may include fastening geometry that fastens the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 together upon engagement.
- first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 may include corresponding interlocking hooks, clamps, corresponding friction wedges, actuating hooks that are actuated by the surgeon upon insertion, spring loaded clasps, dovetail geometry, and/or screws and mating threads.
- the system of the preferred embodiments preferably includes one first intramedullary plate 1 installed on one side of the bone fracture that interfaces with one second intramedullary plate 5 installed on the other side of the bone fracture, but may alternatively include two first intramedullary plates 1 that each interface with end of one second intramedullary plate 5 (as shown in FIGS. 2 and 18 - 21 ).
- the preferred embodiments may alternatively include one first intramedullary plate 1 and two second intramedullary plates 5 wherein each end of the first intramedullary plate 1 interfaces with a second intramedullary plate 5 .
- any combination of first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 suitable to the fracture type, bone type and geometry, and effective fracture healing may be used.
- the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 may also include curves and bends that accommodate to the natural curvature of the fractured bone to facilitate effective bone fracture healing.
- the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 preferably include bore threads 4 and the fasteners 13 preferably include fastener threads 8 (as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 ) that mate with bore threads 4 .
- the mating threads function to allow the fasteners 13 to fasten to the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 when fastening the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 to the bone.
- the mating threads also preferably function to allow the fasteners 13 to fasten the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 together.
- the fasteners threads 8 are preferably of the type to self-tap into bone material, which functions to facilitate the process of fastening the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 to the bone by eliminating the intermediary step of tapping the bone for fastening.
- the fasteners 13 may alternatively include self fastening geometry that engages the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 and bone upon insertion, for example, a plurality of wedges that are angled to allow the fastener 13 to be inserted into the bores 2 and 6 and the bone but prevent the fastener 13 to be loosened from the bores 2 and 6 and the bone under normal forces incurred during daily activities of the patient.
- the fasteners 13 may also include anchoring geometry that prevents relative movement between the intramedullary plates 1 and 5 and the bone and/or nut and bolt geometry. However, any other fastening geometry allowing the fasteners 13 to suitably fasten the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 to the bone may be used.
- the fasteners 13 preferably include a first fastener component 23 and a second fastener component 22 .
- the first fastener component 23 preferably includes an outer wall with the fastener threads 8 and a tip closing the distal end 29 of the first fastener component, and an inner wall defining a bore with non-round geometry, preferably a hexagonal hole but may alternatively be of any other non-round geometry, opening the proximal end 28 .
- the second fastener component 22 preferably includes a shaft with a proximal end 26 and a corresponding non-round geometry, preferably a hexagonal cross section but may alternatively be any other corresponding non-round geometry, on the distal end 27 that inserts into and engages with the inner wall of the first fastener component 23 .
- the diameter of the shaft may be constant through the second fastener component 22 or may be variable.
- the first fastener component 23 preferably functions to remain within the body of the patient to fasten the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 to the bone.
- the first fastener component 23 is preferably of a size that is comfortably contained within the circumference of the cross section of the fractured bone (as shown in FIG.
- the second fastener component 22 preferably functions as a holder for the first fastener component 23 and facilitates the surgeon in aligning, placing, and engaging the first fastener component 22 into the bone and intramedullary plates 1 and 5 .
- the first fastener component 23 preferably detaches from the second fastener component 22 once the first fastener component 23 is engaged into the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 .
- the second fastener component 22 preferably further includes a knob on the proximal end 26 .
- the knob functions to facilitate the surgeon in rotating the shaft of the second fastener component to subsequently engage the fastener threads 8 with the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 and to function as a locating element when used with the alignment fixture 20 (shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and further described below).
- the second component 22 may also include a hexagonal indent geometry that allows the surgeon to temporarily engage a hex wrench to the second fastener component to achieve more leverage during engagement of the fastener 13 .
- the hex wrench geometry may alternatively be included into the second fastener component 22 . However, any other geometry suitable to assisting the surgeon in engaging the fastener 13 may be used.
- the first component 23 may alternatively contain any other fastening features suitable to engage the bone with the first and second intramedullary bores 2 and 6 .
- the second component 22 may alternatively contain any other geometrical features suitable to facilitate engagement of the first fastener component 23 .
- the first fastener component 23 is preferably temporarily engaged with the second fastener component 22 through a third fastener component 21 .
- the third fastener component 21 preferably includes a shaft with a stop on the proximal end 24 and third component threads on the distal end 25 .
- the inner wall of the first fastener component 23 of this variation preferably also includes first component threads that match with the third component threads that are preferably distal to the non-round geometry and the second fastener component 22 preferably includes a channel that runs through the length of the shaft.
- the shaft of the third fastener component 21 is preferably of a diameter substantially equivalent to or less than the diameter of the channel in the second fastener component 22 while the stop is preferably of a diameter larger than the channel, allowing the third fastener component 21 to be inserted into the channel until the stop comes into contact with the second fastener component and prevents further insertion, and the length of the shaft is preferably longer than that of the second fastener component 22 , allowing the third component threads to protrude beyond the corresponding non-round geometry of the second fastener component 22 when insertion is completed.
- the third component threads are engaged with the first component threads and the third component 21 functions to clamp the second component 22 to the first component 21 , engaging the non-round geometry and the corresponding non-round geometry and allowing rotation of the second component 22 to cause rotation of the first component 21 .
- the first and second fastener components 23 and 22 may be temporarily engaged using magnets that attract the first and second fastener components to each other, corresponding bayonet geometry, mating threads, pin and hole geometry (for example, a pin is inserted perpendicular to the shafts of the first and second fastener components 23 and 22 to engage the overlap between the two components), and/or snap geometry.
- any other fastening materials and methods suitable to temporarily engage the first and second fastener components 23 and 22 , while allowing the movement of the second fastener component 22 to engage the first fastener component 23 to the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 may be used.
- the alignment fixture 20 of the preferred embodiments preferably includes a plurality of channels 30 that function to align the shaft of the second fastener component 22 , and subsequently the first fastener component 23 , with the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 .
- the alignment fixture 20 is preferably arranged with the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 such that the channels 30 are each coaxial with a first plate bore 2 and/or the second plate bore 6 .
- each of the channels 30 are preferably substantially equal to or larger than the diameter of the shaft of the second fastener component 23 to prevent excessive movement of the fastener 13 when inserted into the channel 30 , thus maintaining a substantially coaxial relationship between the fastener 13 and the channels 30 upon insertion of the fastener 13 .
- the diameter of the channels 30 may be constant through the length of the channel 30 , but may also be variable to suitably interface with and align the fastener 13 .
- the other features on the channel 30 and the fastener 13 may be used to align the fastener 13 , for example, utilizing the contact surface between the knob of the second fastener component 22 and the channel 30 .
- any other method to align the fastener 13 to the channel 30 and subsequently to the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 may be used.
- the channels 30 may also be in any other orientation suitable to align the fasteners 13 with the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 .
- the channels 30 are each coaxial with a first plate bore 2 and/or the second plate bore 6 , the insertion of a fastener 13 into a channel 30 aligns the fastener 13 with a first plate bore 2 and/or the second plate bore 6 and facilitates the surgeon in engaging the fasteners 13 with the bone and the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 .
- the knob of the second fastener component 22 functions as a stop and as a depth locating feature for the fastener 13 .
- the knob is preferably of a diameter larger than the diameter of the channel 30 to prevent excessive insertion of the fastener 13 when engaging with the bone and the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 .
- the fastener 13 is inserted into the channel 30 for alignment until the fastener 13 comes into contact with the bone.
- the shaft of the second fastener component 22 is then preferably rotated to allow the fastener threads 8 to self tap into the bone and engage with the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 .
- the fastener 13 moves downward into the channel 30 as the fastener threads 8 screw into the bores 2 and 6 until the knob comes into contact with the alignment fixture 20 . This prevents the fastener 13 from tapping too far into the bone and reliably aides the surgeon in determining the depth of the insertion of the fastener 13 to adequately engage the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 with the bone.
- This method of locating, alignment, and depth determination when engaging the fastener 13 allows the surgeon enough confidence that sufficient engagement is achieved without the need for visible verification, allowing minimal incisions to be made in the patient's body.
- any other method suitable to locate, align, and engage the fastener 13 may be used.
- the alignment fixture 20 may include a first alignment portion 32 that corresponds with one section of the bone fracture and, and subsequently the first intramedullary plate 1 , and a second alignment portion 34 that corresponds with another section of the bone fracture, and subsequently the second intramedullary plate 5 (or an additional first intramedullary plate 1 if a plurality of first intramedullary plates 1 are used).
- This variation of the alignment fixture 20 preferably includes a temporary holder 18 (as shown in FIG.
- the fastener 13 and the alignment fixture 20 preferably also include geometry that prevents the alignment fixture 20 from sliding along the shaft of the second fastener component 22 and maintaining the alignment position until all fasteners 13 have been engaged.
- the temporary holder 18 is then preferably used to align the second alignment portion 34 to the second intramedullary plate 5 (and/or an additional first intramedullary plate 1 ) and the process of engaging fasteners 13 is repeated.
- the temporary holder 18 for the second alignment portion 34 may be identical to the temporary holder 18 for the first alignment portion 32 , but may alternatively be of a different geometry to accommodate different geometries of the second alignment portion 34 and intramedullary plate.
- the temporary holder 18 is removed and the intramedullary plates of the two portions of the bone fracture are fastened to each other using additional fasteners 13 and/or an additional intramedullary plate and assisted by aligning the first and second portions 32 and 34 and using the locating tab 17 and alignment knob 19 .
- the second intramedullary plate 5 is engaged with the first intramedullary plate 1 (as shown in FIG. 22 ).
- the additional first intramedullary plate 1 is then engaged with the other end of the second intramedullary plate 5 .
- the second alignment portion 34 is then preferably temporarily engaged and aligned with the first alignment portion 32 using a tab 17 and is tightened with an alignment knob 19 that engages the tab 17 such that the second alignment portion 34 are aligned with the second intramedullary plate 5 (or the additional first intramedullary plate 1 ).
- Fasteners 13 are inserted into the channels 30 of the second alignment portion and engaged with the second intramedullary plate 5 (and/or the additional first intramedullary plate 1 ).
- any other method, component, and arrangement suitable to align the alignment fixture 20 with the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 while allowing the fasteners 13 to be engaged to the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 may be used.
- the second fastener component 22 is disengaged from the first fastener component 23 , subsequently disengaging the alignment fixture 20 from the first and second intramedullary plates 1 and 5 , leaving the first fastener components 23 contained within the circumference of the body and allowing the surgeon to suture up the relatively small incisions made in the patient.
Abstract
The system and method for intramedullary plate fixation of the preferred embodiments include a first intramedullary plate of a first geometry with a plurality of bores, a second intramedullary plate of a second geometry with a plurality of bores, a plurality of fasteners that fasten the first and second intramedullary plates to bone, and an alignment fixture held outside of the body that indicate the location of the bores of the first and second intramedullary plates and through which the fasteners are aligned with the bores of the first and second intramedullary plates, allowing the surgeon to make incisions in the patients body in known locations of the bores, and thus allowing for a minimally invasive intramedullary plate installation and fixation procedure.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional Application No. 12/410,367, filed on Mar. 24, 2009, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/039,092, filed Mar. 24, 2008. Each of these related applications is hereby incorporated into this disclosure in its entirety.
- This invention relates generally to the field of bone fracture fixation, and more specifically to a new and useful method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone.
- Severe bone fractures are most commonly repaired with open reduction and internal fixation using plates and screws attached to the periosteum of the bone. The typical method to gain access to the fracture site is by making a large incision through the skin and muscles. Once the fracture has been exposed, the plate is then attached to the bone fragment(s) using screws. The placement of the bone plate aides in the healing of the fractured bone by minimizing the amount of interfragmentary movement. After the plate is in place, the wound is suture closed. The suture, however, often leaves behind a large scar.
- Less severe bone fractures are usually treated using cast immobilization. This form of treatment, although effective in extremity fractures, is not ideal for fractures located in difficult to cast places (e.g., clavicle and ribs). The alternative is to forego the cast and allow natural healing to occur with limited use of the affected region.
- Intramedullary plate fixation includes installing fixation plates inside the intramedullary canal of the fractured bone and is currently used as an alternative to periostial plate fixation and casting that yields reliable bone fracture healing. Intramedullary plate fixation also aids the surgeon in more accurately restoring the shape of the fractured bone to its original (pre-fracture shape) with the help of the anatomic shape of the plate. By utilizing the intramedullary canal for the location of the plate, intramedullary plate fixation provides for the lowest possible profile of fixation, minimizing problems of prominent hardware, as well as providing ideal mechanical resistance to forces across the fixation-bone interfaces. However, current intramedullary plate fixation procedures generally require a long incision to be made in the patient at the site of the fracture for the installation of the plates and the fixation of the plates using screws through the patient's bone. Additionally, intramedullary plates may have bore geometry that accommodates for screws or nails for fixation, but are not visible to the surgeon once the plates have been installed inside the intramedullary canal, thus complicating fixation procedures.
- Thus, there is a need in the field of bone fracture healing to create a new and useful system and method for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone. This invention provides such a new and useful method and system.
-
FIGS. 1 and 2 include a side view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of a preferred embodiment of the invention being applied to a fractured bone; -
FIGS. 3-6 include a front view, a cross-sectional view, a first perspective view, and a second perspective view, respectively, of the first intramedullary plate of the preferred embodiment; -
FIGS. 7-10 include a front view, a cross-sectional view, a first perspective view, and a second perspective view, respectively, of the second intramedullary plate of the preferred embodiment; -
FIGS. 11-13 include a front view, a first perspective view, and a second perspective view, respectively, of the first and second intramedullary plates of the preferred embodiment in an engaged position; -
FIGS. 14 and 15 include a front view and a side view, respectively, of a variation of the first and second intramedullary plates of the preferred embodiment in the engaged position; -
FIGS. 16 and 17 include a side view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, of the fastener of the preferred embodiment; -
FIG. 18 is a schematic representation of the preferred embodiment inFIG. 1 when installation is complete in a cross section view; and -
FIGS. 19-22 are various views of the preferred embodiment during installation. - The following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to these preferred embodiments, but rather to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use this invention.
- As shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , the intramedullary locking system of the preferred embodiment includes a firstintramedullary plate 1 with a plurality offirst plate bores 2, a secondintramedullary plate 5 with a plurality ofsecond plate bores 6 that interfaces and is fastened to the firstintramedullary plate 1, a plurality offasteners 13 that fasten the first and secondintramedullary plates second plate bores alignment fixture 20 held outside of the body with aproximal fixture end 9 that corresponds with the proximal end of thebone 10 and adistal fixture end 11 that corresponds with the distal end of thebone 12. The first and secondintramedullary plates intramedullary plates fasteners 13. Thealignment fixture 20 is preferably used to assist the surgeon in locating the first andsecond plate bores fasteners 13 and to fasten the first and secondintramedullary plates - As shown in
FIGS. 3-6 , the firstintramedullary plate 1 preferably includes an end with a cross section that contains aduct 3. Theduct 3 may be a closed duct (similar to an “O” cross section) or may alternatively be an open duct (similar to a “C” cross section), but may be any other suitable shape. As shown inFIGS. 7-10 , the secondintramedullary plate 5 preferably includes an end with a cross section that contains duct-connectinggeometry 7 that allows insertion into theduct 3 of the first intramedullary plate (as shown inFIGS. 9-13 ). The geometry of theduct 3 and the duct-connectinggeometry 7 also preferably align the first and secondintramedullary plates duct 3 and theduct connecting geometry 7 may extend through the whole length of the first and/or secondintramedullary plates FIGS. 3-13 ), but may alternatively be contained to the interfacing ends of the first and secondintramedullary plates 1 and 5 (as shown inFIGS. 14 and 15 ). The overlap of the first and secondintramedullary plate first plate bore 2 and a second plate bore 6 to be in alignment such that afastener 13 may be used to also fasten the first and secondintramedullary plates intramedullary plates intramedullary plates intramedullary plates intramedullary plate 1 installed on one side of the bone fracture that interfaces with one secondintramedullary plate 5 installed on the other side of the bone fracture, but may alternatively include two firstintramedullary plates 1 that each interface with end of one second intramedullary plate 5 (as shown in FIGS. 2 and 18-21). The preferred embodiments may alternatively include one firstintramedullary plate 1 and two secondintramedullary plates 5 wherein each end of the firstintramedullary plate 1 interfaces with a secondintramedullary plate 5. However, any combination of first and secondintramedullary plates intramedullary plates - As shown in
FIGS. 3-13 , the first andsecond plate bores bore threads 4 and thefasteners 13 preferably include fastener threads 8 (as shown inFIGS. 16 and 17 ) that mate withbore threads 4. The mating threads function to allow thefasteners 13 to fasten to the first andsecond plate bores intramedullary plates fasteners 13 to fasten the first andsecond plate bores fasteners threads 8 are preferably of the type to self-tap into bone material, which functions to facilitate the process of fastening the first and secondintramedullary plates fasteners 13 may alternatively include self fastening geometry that engages the first andsecond plate bores fastener 13 to be inserted into thebores fastener 13 to be loosened from thebores fasteners 13 may also include anchoring geometry that prevents relative movement between theintramedullary plates fasteners 13 to suitably fasten the first and secondintramedullary plates - As shown in
FIGS. 16 and 17 , thefasteners 13 preferably include afirst fastener component 23 and asecond fastener component 22. Thefirst fastener component 23 preferably includes an outer wall with thefastener threads 8 and a tip closing thedistal end 29 of the first fastener component, and an inner wall defining a bore with non-round geometry, preferably a hexagonal hole but may alternatively be of any other non-round geometry, opening theproximal end 28. Thesecond fastener component 22 preferably includes a shaft with aproximal end 26 and a corresponding non-round geometry, preferably a hexagonal cross section but may alternatively be any other corresponding non-round geometry, on thedistal end 27 that inserts into and engages with the inner wall of thefirst fastener component 23. The diameter of the shaft may be constant through thesecond fastener component 22 or may be variable. Thefirst fastener component 23 preferably functions to remain within the body of the patient to fasten the first and secondintramedullary plates first fastener component 23 is preferably of a size that is comfortably contained within the circumference of the cross section of the fractured bone (as shown inFIG. 18 ), but may alternatively be of any size that is suitable to be contained within the body of the patient as the bone fracture progresses through the healing process. Thesecond fastener component 22 preferably functions as a holder for thefirst fastener component 23 and facilitates the surgeon in aligning, placing, and engaging thefirst fastener component 22 into the bone andintramedullary plates first fastener component 23 preferably detaches from thesecond fastener component 22 once thefirst fastener component 23 is engaged into the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6. Thesecond fastener component 22 preferably further includes a knob on theproximal end 26. The knob functions to facilitate the surgeon in rotating the shaft of the second fastener component to subsequently engage thefastener threads 8 with the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 and to function as a locating element when used with the alignment fixture 20 (shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 and further described below). Thesecond component 22 may also include a hexagonal indent geometry that allows the surgeon to temporarily engage a hex wrench to the second fastener component to achieve more leverage during engagement of thefastener 13. The hex wrench geometry may alternatively be included into thesecond fastener component 22. However, any other geometry suitable to assisting the surgeon in engaging thefastener 13 may be used. Thefirst component 23 may alternatively contain any other fastening features suitable to engage the bone with the first and second intramedullary bores 2 and 6. Thesecond component 22 may alternatively contain any other geometrical features suitable to facilitate engagement of thefirst fastener component 23. - The
first fastener component 23 is preferably temporarily engaged with thesecond fastener component 22 through athird fastener component 21. Thethird fastener component 21 preferably includes a shaft with a stop on theproximal end 24 and third component threads on thedistal end 25. The inner wall of thefirst fastener component 23 of this variation preferably also includes first component threads that match with the third component threads that are preferably distal to the non-round geometry and thesecond fastener component 22 preferably includes a channel that runs through the length of the shaft. The shaft of thethird fastener component 21 is preferably of a diameter substantially equivalent to or less than the diameter of the channel in thesecond fastener component 22 while the stop is preferably of a diameter larger than the channel, allowing thethird fastener component 21 to be inserted into the channel until the stop comes into contact with the second fastener component and prevents further insertion, and the length of the shaft is preferably longer than that of thesecond fastener component 22, allowing the third component threads to protrude beyond the corresponding non-round geometry of thesecond fastener component 22 when insertion is completed. Once inserted, the third component threads are engaged with the first component threads and thethird component 21 functions to clamp thesecond component 22 to thefirst component 21, engaging the non-round geometry and the corresponding non-round geometry and allowing rotation of thesecond component 22 to cause rotation of thefirst component 21. Alternatively, the first andsecond fastener components second fastener components second fastener components second fastener component 22 to engage thefirst fastener component 23 to the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 may be used. - As shown in
FIGS. 1 , 2, and 19-21, thealignment fixture 20 of the preferred embodiments preferably includes a plurality ofchannels 30 that function to align the shaft of thesecond fastener component 22, and subsequently thefirst fastener component 23, with the first and second plate bores 2 and 6. Thealignment fixture 20 is preferably arranged with the first and secondintramedullary plates channels 30 are each coaxial with a first plate bore 2 and/or the second plate bore 6. The diameter of each of thechannels 30 are preferably substantially equal to or larger than the diameter of the shaft of thesecond fastener component 23 to prevent excessive movement of thefastener 13 when inserted into thechannel 30, thus maintaining a substantially coaxial relationship between thefastener 13 and thechannels 30 upon insertion of thefastener 13. The diameter of thechannels 30 may be constant through the length of thechannel 30, but may also be variable to suitably interface with and align thefastener 13. Alternatively, the other features on thechannel 30 and thefastener 13 may be used to align thefastener 13, for example, utilizing the contact surface between the knob of thesecond fastener component 22 and thechannel 30. However, any other method to align thefastener 13 to thechannel 30 and subsequently to the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 may be used. Thechannels 30 may also be in any other orientation suitable to align thefasteners 13 with the first and second plate bores 2 and 6. - In the preferred embodiments, because the
channels 30 are each coaxial with a first plate bore 2 and/or the second plate bore 6, the insertion of afastener 13 into achannel 30 aligns thefastener 13 with a first plate bore 2 and/or the second plate bore 6 and facilitates the surgeon in engaging thefasteners 13 with the bone and the first and secondintramedullary plates second fastener component 22 functions as a stop and as a depth locating feature for thefastener 13. The knob is preferably of a diameter larger than the diameter of thechannel 30 to prevent excessive insertion of thefastener 13 when engaging with the bone and the first and secondintramedullary plates fastener 13 is inserted into thechannel 30 for alignment until thefastener 13 comes into contact with the bone. The shaft of thesecond fastener component 22 is then preferably rotated to allow thefastener threads 8 to self tap into the bone and engage with the first and second plate bores 2 and 6. Thefastener 13 moves downward into thechannel 30 as thefastener threads 8 screw into thebores alignment fixture 20. This prevents thefastener 13 from tapping too far into the bone and reliably aides the surgeon in determining the depth of the insertion of thefastener 13 to adequately engage the first and secondintramedullary plates fastener 13 allows the surgeon enough confidence that sufficient engagement is achieved without the need for visible verification, allowing minimal incisions to be made in the patient's body. However, any other method suitable to locate, align, and engage thefastener 13 may be used. - The
alignment fixture 20 may include a first alignment portion 32 that corresponds with one section of the bone fracture and, and subsequently the firstintramedullary plate 1, and a second alignment portion 34 that corresponds with another section of the bone fracture, and subsequently the second intramedullary plate 5 (or an additional firstintramedullary plate 1 if a plurality of firstintramedullary plates 1 are used). This variation of thealignment fixture 20 preferably includes a temporary holder 18 (as shown inFIG. 20 ) that functions to align the first alignment portion 32 with the firstintramedullary plate 1, allow afastener 13 to be inserted into achannel 30 of the first alignment portion 32 and engaged with the bone and the firstintramedullary plate 1 and allowing thetemporary holder 18 to be removed without disturbing the relative positions of the first alignment portion 32 and the firstintramedullary plate 1. Thefastener 13 and thealignment fixture 20 preferably also include geometry that prevents thealignment fixture 20 from sliding along the shaft of thesecond fastener component 22 and maintaining the alignment position until allfasteners 13 have been engaged. Thetemporary holder 18 is then preferably used to align the second alignment portion 34 to the second intramedullary plate 5 (and/or an additional first intramedullary plate 1) and the process of engagingfasteners 13 is repeated. Thetemporary holder 18 for the second alignment portion 34 may be identical to thetemporary holder 18 for the first alignment portion 32, but may alternatively be of a different geometry to accommodate different geometries of the second alignment portion 34 and intramedullary plate. Once thefasteners 13 on the second alignment portion 34 are engaged, thetemporary holder 18 is removed and the intramedullary plates of the two portions of the bone fracture are fastened to each other usingadditional fasteners 13 and/or an additional intramedullary plate and assisted by aligning the first and second portions 32 and 34 and using the locatingtab 17 andalignment knob 19. - Alternatively, once
fasteners 13 are engaged in the first alignment portion 32, the secondintramedullary plate 5 is engaged with the first intramedullary plate 1 (as shown inFIG. 22 ). In the variation with a plurality of firstintramedullary plates 1, the additional firstintramedullary plate 1 is then engaged with the other end of the secondintramedullary plate 5. As shown inFIG. 21 , the second alignment portion 34 is then preferably temporarily engaged and aligned with the first alignment portion 32 using atab 17 and is tightened with analignment knob 19 that engages thetab 17 such that the second alignment portion 34 are aligned with the second intramedullary plate 5 (or the additional first intramedullary plate 1).Fasteners 13 are inserted into thechannels 30 of the second alignment portion and engaged with the second intramedullary plate 5 (and/or the additional first intramedullary plate 1). However, any other method, component, and arrangement suitable to align thealignment fixture 20 with the first and secondintramedullary plates fasteners 13 to be engaged to the bone and the first and second plate bores 2 and 6 may be used. - Once all the
fasteners 13 have been engaged using thealignment fixture 20, thesecond fastener component 22 is disengaged from thefirst fastener component 23, subsequently disengaging thealignment fixture 20 from the first and secondintramedullary plates first fastener components 23 contained within the circumference of the body and allowing the surgeon to suture up the relatively small incisions made in the patient. - As a person skilled in the art will recognize from the previous detailed description and from the figures and claims, modifications and changes can be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of this invention defined in the following claims.
Claims (20)
1. A system for intramedullary plate fixation in a body comprising:
a first intramedullary plate defining a plurality of first plate bores;
a second intramedullary plate defining a plurality of second plate bores that interfaces with the first intramedullary plate such that a first bore of the plurality of first plate bores is coaxial with a first bore of the plurality of second plate bores;
an alignment fixture defining a plurality of channels that is engaged with the first intramedullary plate such that a first channel of the plurality of channels is coaxial with a bore of the plurality of first plate bores; and
a fastener disposed within the first bore of the plurality of first plate bores and the first bore of the plurality of second plate bores.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first intramedullary plate has a first end, second end, and a length extending from the first end to the second end, the first end having a cross-section that defines a duct; and
wherein the second intramedullary plate is insertable into the duct such that the first bore of the plurality of first plate bores is coaxial with the first bore of the plurality of second plate bores.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the duct extends the entire length of the first intramedullary plate.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein each bore of the plurality of first plate bores has a bore axis; and
wherein the bore axes of the plurality of first plate bores are parallel.
5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a third intramedullary plate defining a plurality of third plate bores;
wherein the second intramedullary plate interfaces with the third intramedullary plate such that a second bore of the plurality of second plate bores aligns with a first bore of the plurality of third plate bores; and
further comprising a second fastener disposed within the second bore of the plurality of second plate bores and the first bore of the plurality of third plate bores.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first intramedullary plate has a first end, second end, and a length extending from the first end to the second end; and
wherein the first intramedullary plate defines a curve along the length of the first intramedullary plate.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the first intramedullary plate has an exterior surface;
wherein each bore of the plurality of first plate bores extends through the exterior surface and has a bore axis; and
wherein the bore axis of each bore of the plurality of first plate bores extends at an orthogonal angle to the exterior surface of the first intramedullary plate.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second intramedullary plate is insertable into the first intramedullary plate such that a second bore of the plurality of first plate bores aligns with a second bore of the plurality of second plate bores.
9. A system for intramedullary plate fixation in a body comprising:
a first intramedullary plate defining a plurality of first plate bores;
a second intramedullary plate defining a plurality of second plate bores that is adapted to interface with the first intramedullary plate such that a first bore of the plurality of first plate bores is coaxial with a first bore of the plurality of second plate bores;
an alignment fixture defining a plurality of channels that is adapted to engage with the first intramedullary plate such that a first channel of the plurality of channels is coaxial with a bore of the plurality of first plate bores; and
a fastener that is adapted to be disposed within the first bore of the plurality of first plate bores and the first bore of the plurality of second plate bores.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the first intramedullary plate has a first end, second end, and a length extending from the first end to the second end, the first end having a cross-section that defines a duct; and
wherein the second intramedullary plate is adapted to be inserted into the duct such that the first bore of the plurality of first plate bores is coaxial with the first bore the plurality of second plate bores.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the duct extends the entire length of the first intramedullary plate.
12. The system of claim 9 , wherein each bore of the plurality of first plate bores has a bore axis; and
wherein the bore axes of the plurality of first plate bores are parallel.
13. The system of claim 9 , further comprising a third intramedullary plate defining a plurality of third plate bores;
wherein the second intramedullary plate is adapted to interface with the third intramedullary plate such that a second bore of the plurality of second plate bores aligns with a first bore of the plurality of third plate bores; and
further comprising a second fastener that is adapted to be disposed within the second bore of the plurality of second plate bores and the first bore of the plurality of third plate bores.
14. The system of claim 9 , wherein the first intramedullary plate has a first end, second end, and a length extending from the first end to the second end; and
wherein the first intramedullary plate defines a curve along the length of the first intramedullary plate.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the first intramedullary plate has an exterior surface;
wherein each bore of the plurality of first plate bores extends through the exterior surface and has a bore axis; and
wherein the bore axis of each bore of the plurality of first plate bores extends at an orthogonal angle to the exterior surface of the first intramedullary plate.
16. The system of claim 9 , wherein the second intramedullary plate is adapted to interface with the first intramedullary plate such that a second bore of the plurality of first plate bores aligns with a second bore of the plurality of second plate bores.
17. A system for intramedullary plate fixation in a body comprising:
a first intramedullary plate defining a plurality of first plate bores;
a second intramedullary plate defining a plurality of second plate bores that interfaces with the first intramedullary plate such that a first bore of the plurality of first plate bores is coaxial with a first bore of the plurality of second plate bores;
a third intramedullary plate defining a plurality of third plate bores that interfaces with the second intramedullary plate such that a first bore of the plurality of third plate bores is coaxial with a second bore of the plurality of second plate bores;
an alignment fixture defining a plurality of channels that is engaged with the first intramedullary plate such that a first channel of the plurality of channels is coaxial with a bore of the plurality of first plate bores;
a first fastener disposed within the first bore of the plurality of first plate bores and the first bore of the plurality of second plate bores; and
a second fastener disposed within the second bore of the plurality of second plate bores and the first bore of the plurality of third plate bores.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the first intramedullary plate has a first intramedullary plate first end with a cross section that contains a duct;
wherein the third intramedullary plate has a third intramedullary plate first end with a cross section that contains a duct; and
wherein the second intramedullary plate has a second intramedullary plate first end and a second intramedullary plate second end, the second intramedullary plate first end having a cross section that contains duct-connecting geometry that is adapted to be received by the duct of the first intramedullary plate, the second intramedullary plate second end having a cross section that contains duct-connecting geometry that is adapted to be received by the duct of the third intramedullary plate.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the cross section of the first intramedullary plate first end is an “O” type cross-section.
20. The system of claim 18 , wherein the cross section of the third intramedullary plate first end is an “O” type cross-section.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/792,560 US20130190762A1 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2013-03-11 | Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US3909208P | 2008-03-24 | 2008-03-24 | |
US12/410,367 US8425513B2 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone |
US13/792,560 US20130190762A1 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2013-03-11 | Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/410,367 Continuation US8425513B2 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone |
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US20130190762A1 true US20130190762A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
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US12/410,367 Active 2031-12-11 US8425513B2 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone |
US13/792,560 Abandoned US20130190762A1 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2013-03-11 | Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone |
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US12/410,367 Active 2031-12-11 US8425513B2 (en) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | Method and system for the intramedullary fixation of a fractured bone |
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US9999454B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2018-06-19 | A&E Advanced Closure Systems, Llc | Bone plate system and method |
US10123831B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2018-11-13 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Bone compression device and method |
US10136929B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2018-11-27 | IntraFuse, LLC | Flexible bone implant |
US10154863B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2018-12-18 | IntraFuse, LLC | Flexible bone screw |
US10485595B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2019-11-26 | IntraFuse, LLC | Flexible bone screw |
US10499960B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2019-12-10 | IntraFuse, LLC | Method of bone fixation |
US11344346B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2022-05-31 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Bone plate system |
US11877779B2 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2024-01-23 | Xtant Medical Holdings, Inc. | Bone plate system |
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US11123117B1 (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2021-09-21 | Nuvasive, Inc. | Surgical fixation system and related methods |
US10039582B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2018-08-07 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Self centering feature for an intramedullary nail |
US20140128985A1 (en) | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-08 | Roy W. Sanders | Joint Arthroplasty Systems, Methods, and Components |
DE102013005414A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Dietmar Wolter | Osteosynthesis system for the multidirectional, angularly stable treatment of fractures of long bones including an intramedullary nail and bone screws |
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US9999454B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2018-06-19 | A&E Advanced Closure Systems, Llc | Bone plate system and method |
US10123831B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2018-11-13 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Bone compression device and method |
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US10499960B2 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2019-12-10 | IntraFuse, LLC | Method of bone fixation |
US11344346B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2022-05-31 | Pioneer Surgical Technology, Inc. | Bone plate system |
US11877779B2 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2024-01-23 | Xtant Medical Holdings, Inc. | Bone plate system |
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US8425513B2 (en) | 2013-04-23 |
US20100137865A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
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