US20110306275A1 - Component finishing tool - Google Patents

Component finishing tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110306275A1
US20110306275A1 US12/814,477 US81447710A US2011306275A1 US 20110306275 A1 US20110306275 A1 US 20110306275A1 US 81447710 A US81447710 A US 81447710A US 2011306275 A1 US2011306275 A1 US 2011306275A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
base
turbomachine
component
finishing tool
finishing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/814,477
Inventor
Matthew D. Nicolson
David E. Valentine
John M. Schmartz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Technologies Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Priority to US12/814,477 priority Critical patent/US20110306275A1/en
Assigned to UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION reassignment UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NICOLSON, MATTHEW D., Schmartz, John M., VALENTINE, DAVID E.
Priority to EP11169379.2A priority patent/EP2394786A3/en
Publication of US20110306275A1 publication Critical patent/US20110306275A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/009—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding profiled workpieces using a profiled grinding tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/02—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, homokinetic joint elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/05—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working grooves, e.g. in gun barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08—Honing tools
    • B24B33/088—Honing tools for holes having a shape other than cylindrical

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to a finishing tool. More particularly, this disclosure relates to a finishing tool having a superabrasive that is used to finish a turbomachine component.
  • Turbomachines such as gas turbine engines, are known.
  • a typical turbomachine includes multiple sections, such as a fan section, a compression section, a combustor section, and a turbine section.
  • the fan section moves air into the turbomachine. Some of the air is compressed. The compressed air is then mixed with fuel and combusted in the combustor section. Products of the combustion are expanded in the turbine section to rotatably drive the turbomachine.
  • turbomachines include blades mounted within rotor slots.
  • the blades rotate with the rotors in the compression section and the turbine section, for example.
  • Nonconformances and variations in the surfaces of the rotor slots can affect performance of the turbomachine.
  • a surface of a rotor slot that varies from a desired dimension can introduce stress concentrations in the rotor or in a blade mounted within that slot.
  • Nonconformances and variations within the surface of the rotors defining the blade slots are often difficult to identify and eliminate.
  • Nonconformances include geometric and metallurgical.
  • An example finishing tool form assembly includes a base and a superabrasive bonded to a surface of the base.
  • the superabrasive is configured to be reciprocated with the base relative to a longitudinally extending recess of a component to finish at least one surface of the component.
  • An example turbomachine component finishing tool assembly includes a fixture and a form mountable to the fixture.
  • the form includes an abrasive bonded to a base.
  • the fixture is configured to reciprocate the form relative to a surface of a turbomachine component.
  • An example turbomachine surface finishing method includes reciprocating a base relative to a surface of a turbomachine component. The method finishes the surface with an abrasive bonded to the reciprocating base.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of an example gas turbine engine.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example turbomachine component finishing tool assembly and a rotor of the FIG. 1 turbomachine.
  • FIG. 3 shows a close-up view of a portion of a rotor slot of the FIG. 2 rotor.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of an example finishing tool form used in the FIG. 2 assembly.
  • FIG. 5 shows another example turbomachine component finishing tool assembly and rotor.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example aircraft gas turbine engine 10 , which is an example type of turbomachine.
  • the example gas turbine engine 10 includes (in serial flow communication) a fan section 14 , a low pressure compressor 18 , a high pressure compressor 22 , a combustor 26 , a high pressure turbine 30 , and a low pressure turbine 34 .
  • the gas turbine engine 10 is circumferentially disposed about an engine centerline X.
  • air is pulled into the gas turbine engine 10 by the fan section 14 .
  • Some of the air moves through a flow path 36 to a core of the gas turbine engine 10 .
  • the air moving through the flow path 36 is pressurized by the compressors 18 and 22 , mixed with fuel, and burned within the combustor 26 .
  • the turbines 30 and 34 extract energy from the hot combustion gases flowing from the combustor 26 .
  • the high pressure turbine 30 utilizes the extracted energy from the hot combustion gases to power the high pressure compressor 22 through a high speed shaft 38
  • the low pressure turbine 34 utilizes the extracted energy from the hot combustion gases to power the low pressure compressor and the fan section 14 through a low speed shaft 42 .
  • a rotor 46 within the low pressure compressor 18 of the engine 10 includes a plurality of slots 50 .
  • the slots 50 are configured to receive the root section of the blades (not shown).
  • the blades rotate with the rotor 46 within the low pressure compressor 18 of the engine 10 .
  • the blades pressurize air moving through the flow path 36 in a known manner.
  • the rotor 46 is milled to establish the slots 50 .
  • the slots 50 are finished, in this example, to remove nonconformances from a surface 54 after the milling.
  • the surface 54 of the rotor 46 defines portions of the slots 50 .
  • a form 58 is received within one of the slots 50 a during finishing.
  • a fixture 62 reciprocates the form 58 along an axis X 1 .
  • the slot 50 a extends along an axis X 2 that is parallel to the axis X 1 .
  • the rotor 46 is rotated relative to the fixture 62 , and the form is received within another of the slots 50 .
  • portions of the form 58 corresponding to the surface 54 includes an abrasive 66 bonded to a base 70 .
  • the abrasive 66 finishes the surface 54 of the slot 50 a.
  • the fixture 62 reciprocates the form 58 for a controlled stroke and for an established length of time. Increasing the length of time increases the amount of material removed from the rotor 46 , for example.
  • Finishing removes or reduces nonconformances in the surfaces 54 of the slot 50 by removing about 0.001 inches of material from the surface 54 of the rotor 46 . In other examples, finishing removes nonconformances in other areas of the slot 50 a , such as a surface 56 , a surface 57 , or removes a different amount of material.
  • Example nonconformances include geometric nonconformances or variations in the position of the surface 54 of the slot 50 a from a desired position of the surface 54 .
  • Other example nonconformances are the result of the interfaces between portions of the slot 50 a machined by different milling cutters.
  • the example slots 50 have an enlarged portion 74 and a narrower neck portion 78 .
  • the root portions of the blades having a similar shape are received within the slots 50 .
  • the shape of the slots 50 limits movement of the blades radially away from the rotor 46 .
  • the form 58 has a cross-sectional profile similar to the cross-sectional profile of the base of the blade. That is, the form 58 includes an enlarged portion 82 and a narrowed portion 86 .
  • the base 70 of the form 58 is a cast iron material
  • the abrasive 66 which is mounted to the enlarged portion 74 of the finishing form, is a superabrasive.
  • the example abrasive 66 is a cubic boron nitride abrasive that is 400 grit ASTM.
  • Superabrasives are typically harder than conventional abrasives.
  • conventional abrasives include pumice, stand, and silicon carbides.
  • Superabrasives by contrast, include diamond and the aforementioned cubic boron nitride.
  • a plating process such as a nickel plating process, is used to bond a layer of the example abrasive 66 to the base 70 .
  • the base 70 is about 0.0015 inches (0.0381 mm) undersized relative to the slots 50 .
  • the abrasive 66 has a thickness of about 0.0015 inches (0.381 mm) when bonded to the base 70 . Adding the abrasive 66 makes the thickness of the enlarged portion 82 of the form 58 to be about the same as the enlarged portion 74 of the slots 50 .
  • a spring 90 housed within the fixture is used to bias the form 58 toward a radial center of the rotor 46 . This facilitates the form 58 maintaining contact with the surface 54 . Material removal rates can be controlled via variations in spring compression and spring stiffness.
  • a spring 90 a is biased toward a roller 94 , which biases a form 58 a toward a radial center of a rotor 46 a
  • features of the disclosed examples include a low cost, high precision process that can rework slots and other turbomachine components rather than rebroaching an entire rotor slot, for example.
  • Another feature of the disclosed examples is reducing the scrap rate of turbomachine components due to nonconformances in their surfaces.

Abstract

An example finishing tool form assembly includes a base and a superabrasive bonded to a surface of the base. The superabrasive is configured to be reciprocated with the base relative to a longitudinally extending recess of a component to finish at least one surface of the component.

Description

    BACKGROUND
  • This disclosure relates generally to a finishing tool. More particularly, this disclosure relates to a finishing tool having a superabrasive that is used to finish a turbomachine component.
  • Turbomachines, such as gas turbine engines, are known. A typical turbomachine includes multiple sections, such as a fan section, a compression section, a combustor section, and a turbine section. During stable operation, the fan section moves air into the turbomachine. Some of the air is compressed. The compressed air is then mixed with fuel and combusted in the combustor section. Products of the combustion are expanded in the turbine section to rotatably drive the turbomachine.
  • Many turbomachines include blades mounted within rotor slots. The blades rotate with the rotors in the compression section and the turbine section, for example. Nonconformances and variations in the surfaces of the rotor slots can affect performance of the turbomachine. For example, a surface of a rotor slot that varies from a desired dimension can introduce stress concentrations in the rotor or in a blade mounted within that slot. Nonconformances and variations within the surface of the rotors defining the blade slots are often difficult to identify and eliminate. Nonconformances include geometric and metallurgical.
    • SUMMARY
  • An example finishing tool form assembly includes a base and a superabrasive bonded to a surface of the base. The superabrasive is configured to be reciprocated with the base relative to a longitudinally extending recess of a component to finish at least one surface of the component.
  • An example turbomachine component finishing tool assembly includes a fixture and a form mountable to the fixture. The form includes an abrasive bonded to a base. The fixture is configured to reciprocate the form relative to a surface of a turbomachine component.
  • An example turbomachine surface finishing method includes reciprocating a base relative to a surface of a turbomachine component. The method finishes the surface with an abrasive bonded to the reciprocating base.
  • These and other features of the disclosed examples can be best understood from the following specification and drawings, the following of which is a brief description:
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of an example gas turbine engine.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example turbomachine component finishing tool assembly and a rotor of the FIG. 1 turbomachine.
  • FIG. 3 shows a close-up view of a portion of a rotor slot of the FIG. 2 rotor.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of an example finishing tool form used in the FIG. 2 assembly.
  • FIG. 5 shows another example turbomachine component finishing tool assembly and rotor.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example aircraft gas turbine engine 10, which is an example type of turbomachine. The example gas turbine engine 10 includes (in serial flow communication) a fan section 14, a low pressure compressor 18, a high pressure compressor 22, a combustor 26, a high pressure turbine 30, and a low pressure turbine 34. The gas turbine engine 10 is circumferentially disposed about an engine centerline X.
  • During operation, air is pulled into the gas turbine engine 10 by the fan section 14. Some of the air moves through a flow path 36 to a core of the gas turbine engine 10. The air moving through the flow path 36 is pressurized by the compressors 18 and 22, mixed with fuel, and burned within the combustor 26. The turbines 30 and 34 extract energy from the hot combustion gases flowing from the combustor 26.
  • In a two spool design, the high pressure turbine 30 utilizes the extracted energy from the hot combustion gases to power the high pressure compressor 22 through a high speed shaft 38, and the low pressure turbine 34 utilizes the extracted energy from the hot combustion gases to power the low pressure compressor and the fan section 14 through a low speed shaft 42.
  • The examples described in this disclosure are not limited to the two spool engine architecture described, however, and may be used in other architectures, such as single spool axial design, a three spool axial design, and still other architectures. Further, although the examples described herein are described with regard to the gas turbine engine 10, those having skill in this art and the benefit of this disclosure will understand that other examples include other types of turbomachines.
  • Referring to FIGS. 2-4 with continuing reference to FIG. 1, a rotor 46 within the low pressure compressor 18 of the engine 10 includes a plurality of slots 50. As can be appreciated, the slots 50 are configured to receive the root section of the blades (not shown). The blades rotate with the rotor 46 within the low pressure compressor 18 of the engine 10. The blades pressurize air moving through the flow path 36 in a known manner.
  • During a forming operation, the rotor 46 is milled to establish the slots 50. The slots 50 are finished, in this example, to remove nonconformances from a surface 54 after the milling. The surface 54 of the rotor 46 defines portions of the slots 50.
  • A form 58 is received within one of the slots 50 a during finishing. After inserting the form 58 in the slot 50 a, a fixture 62 reciprocates the form 58 along an axis X1. The slot 50 a extends along an axis X2 that is parallel to the axis X1. After finishing the slot 50 a, the rotor 46 is rotated relative to the fixture 62, and the form is received within another of the slots 50.
  • In this example, portions of the form 58 corresponding to the surface 54 includes an abrasive 66 bonded to a base 70. As the form 58 reciprocates relative to the slot 50 a, the abrasive 66 finishes the surface 54 of the slot 50 a.
  • The fixture 62 reciprocates the form 58 for a controlled stroke and for an established length of time. Increasing the length of time increases the amount of material removed from the rotor 46, for example.
  • Finishing, in this example, removes or reduces nonconformances in the surfaces 54 of the slot 50 by removing about 0.001 inches of material from the surface 54 of the rotor 46. In other examples, finishing removes nonconformances in other areas of the slot 50 a, such as a surface 56, a surface 57, or removes a different amount of material.
  • Example nonconformances include geometric nonconformances or variations in the position of the surface 54 of the slot 50 a from a desired position of the surface 54. Other example nonconformances are the result of the interfaces between portions of the slot 50 a machined by different milling cutters.
  • The example slots 50 have an enlarged portion 74 and a narrower neck portion 78. During operation of the engine 10, the root portions of the blades having a similar shape are received within the slots 50. As can be appreciated, the shape of the slots 50 limits movement of the blades radially away from the rotor 46.
  • In this example, the form 58 has a cross-sectional profile similar to the cross-sectional profile of the base of the blade. That is, the form 58 includes an enlarged portion 82 and a narrowed portion 86.
  • In this example, the base 70 of the form 58 is a cast iron material, and the abrasive 66, which is mounted to the enlarged portion 74 of the finishing form, is a superabrasive. More specifically, the example abrasive 66 is a cubic boron nitride abrasive that is 400 grit ASTM. Superabrasives, as is known in this art, are typically harder than conventional abrasives. As an example, conventional abrasives include pumice, stand, and silicon carbides. Superabrasives, by contrast, include diamond and the aforementioned cubic boron nitride.
  • A plating process, such as a nickel plating process, is used to bond a layer of the example abrasive 66 to the base 70. The base 70 is about 0.0015 inches (0.0381 mm) undersized relative to the slots 50. The abrasive 66 has a thickness of about 0.0015 inches (0.381 mm) when bonded to the base 70. Adding the abrasive 66 makes the thickness of the enlarged portion 82 of the form 58 to be about the same as the enlarged portion 74 of the slots 50.
  • In this example, a spring 90 housed within the fixture is used to bias the form 58 toward a radial center of the rotor 46. This facilitates the form 58 maintaining contact with the surface 54. Material removal rates can be controlled via variations in spring compression and spring stiffness.
  • Referring to FIG. 5, in another example, a spring 90 a is biased toward a roller 94, which biases a form 58 a toward a radial center of a rotor 46 a
  • Features of the disclosed examples include a low cost, high precision process that can rework slots and other turbomachine components rather than rebroaching an entire rotor slot, for example. Another feature of the disclosed examples is reducing the scrap rate of turbomachine components due to nonconformances in their surfaces.
  • Although an example embodiment has been disclosed, a worker of ordinary skill in this art would recognize that certain modifications would come within the scope of the claims. For that reason, the following claims should be studied to determine their true scope and content.

Claims (17)

1) A finishing tool form comprising:
a base; and
a superabrasive bonded to a surface of the base, wherein the superabrasive is configured to be reciprocated with the base relative to a longitudinally extending recess of a component to finish at least one surface of the component.
2) The finishing tool form assembly of claim 1 wherein the base comprises cast iron.
3) The finishing tool form assembly of claim 1 wherein the superabrasive is plated to the base.
4) The finishing tool form assembly of claim 3, wherein the superabrasive is nickel-plated to the base.
5) The finishing tool assembly of claim 1, wherein the superabrasive comprises cubic boron nitride.
6) The finishing tool assembly of claim 1, wherein the superabrasive bonded to a surface of the base is 0.0015 inches thick.
7) The finishing tool assembly of claim 1, wherein the superabrasive comprises an ASTM 400 grit.
8) A turbomachine component finishing tool assembly comprising:
a fixture; and
a form mountable to the fixture, the form including an abrasive bonded to a base, wherein the fixture is configured to reciprocate the form relative to a surface of a turbomachine component.
9) The turbomachine component finishing tool assembly of claim 8, wherein the form is spring biased toward a rotational axis of the turbomachine component.
10) The turbomachine component finishing tool assembly of claim 8, wherein the turbomachine component is a rotor establishing a blade receiving slot.
11) The turbomachine component finishing tool assembly of claim 10, wherein cross-sectional dimensions of the form are the same as desired cross-sectional dimensions of the blade receiving slot.
12) The turbomachine component finishing tool assembly of claim 8, wherein the form has an enlarged head.
13) The turbomachine component finishing tool assembly of claim 8, wherein the turbomachine component is a gas turbine engine component.
14) A turbomachine surface finishing method comprising:
reciprocating a base relative to a surface of a turbomachine component; and
finishing the surface with an abrasive bonded to the reciprocating base.
15) The turbomachine surface finishing method of claim 14, wherein the base is spring biased toward a rotational axis of the component.
16) The turbomachine surface finishing method of claim 14, wherein the base moves back and forth along a single axis during the reciprocating.
17) The turbomachine surface finishing method of claim 14, wherein the surface of the turbomachine component is a surface of a blade slot within a gas turbine engine.
US12/814,477 2010-06-13 2010-06-13 Component finishing tool Abandoned US20110306275A1 (en)

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US12/814,477 US20110306275A1 (en) 2010-06-13 2010-06-13 Component finishing tool
EP11169379.2A EP2394786A3 (en) 2010-06-13 2011-06-09 Finishing tool for turbomachine components

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Cited By (1)

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CN110575852A (en) * 2019-07-25 2019-12-17 浙江大学 Multi-digital RPA micro-fluidic chip integrating sample pretreatment

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DE102017208949A1 (en) * 2017-05-29 2018-11-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for cleaning a blade root receiving groove

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