US20100323010A1 - Formulation and process for drug loaded cores - Google Patents

Formulation and process for drug loaded cores Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20100323010A1
US20100323010A1 US12/853,820 US85382010A US2010323010A1 US 20100323010 A1 US20100323010 A1 US 20100323010A1 US 85382010 A US85382010 A US 85382010A US 2010323010 A1 US2010323010 A1 US 2010323010A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
controlled release
tablet
metoprolol
pellets
total weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/853,820
Inventor
Mongkol Sriwongjanya
Samuel Yuk
Avinash Nangia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Andrx Pharmaceuticals LLC
Original Assignee
Andrx Pharmaceuticals LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andrx Pharmaceuticals LLC filed Critical Andrx Pharmaceuticals LLC
Priority to US12/853,820 priority Critical patent/US20100323010A1/en
Publication of US20100323010A1 publication Critical patent/US20100323010A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/167—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction with an outer layer or coating comprising drug; with chemically bound drugs or non-active substances on their surface
    • A61K9/1676—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction with an outer layer or coating comprising drug; with chemically bound drugs or non-active substances on their surface having a drug-free core with discrete complete coating layer containing drug
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
    • A61K9/2077—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of oral pharmaceutical dosage forms with controlled release of an active ingredient from a drug core loaded with a high percentage of active ingredient.
  • the present invention relates to beta 1 adrenergic blocking agent pellets that are compressed into a tablet or loaded into a capsule shell, and a method of preparation of such pellets wherein the pellets are comprised of water soluble or water swellable inert starting seeds or cores.
  • the beta 1 . adrenergic blocking agent is metoprolol.
  • a constant time controlled and/or a pH specific release of the active component of an orally administered drug is advantageous in medical treatment.
  • the present invention relates to the oral administration of doses of metoprolol and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts such as, but not limited to, succinate, fumerate or benzoate of racemic metoprolol and the benzoate or sorbate of the S-enantiomer of metoprolol as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,957,745, U.S. Pat. No. 5,001,161 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,081,154 and incorporated herein by reference.
  • the therapeutic effect of these drugs can be seen in the normalization of blood pressure for hypertension sufferers, and in the reduction of oxygen requirements in cardiac tissues, which induces beneficial affects on both angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
  • inert cores for preparing controlled release forms of metoprolol pellets have been limited to water insoluble materials, because the use of water soluble materials combined with metoprolol created a great amount of osmotic pressure causing the controlled release pellets to burst and dump the drug. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,927,640 which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present invention solves the problems associated with the use of a water-soluble and/or water swellable cores for metoprolol controlled release pellets.
  • the controlled release pellets are prepared by coating a drug layer or layers onto a water soluble or water swellable inert starting seed or core then applying over the drug layer a polymeric coating that controls the release of the drug. Said pellets are then formed into an extended release tablet or capsule for oral administration.
  • the controlled release pellets of the present invention are comprised of:
  • the pellets can be mixed with conventional tabletting excipients and compressed into a tablet or loaded into a capsule for oral administration.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of producing the pellets or beads.
  • the present invention relates to the formation of a tablet using the controlled release pellets with and without additional active release pellets.
  • the active release pellets being formed in the same method as the controlled release pellets, but without the controlled release coating.
  • an aqueous solvent system is used instead of an organic solvent system to apply the drug layer to the inert core.
  • This process is also more environmentally friendly due to the lack of conventional organic solvents such as methylene chloride.
  • the inert core is a water soluble or water swellable core.
  • the inert core must be of sufficient density and strength to enable it to undergo coating in a fluidized bed process.
  • the inert cores of the present invention should have a diameter less than 30 mesh and preferably less than 40 mesh. In a preferred embodiment the inert cores should have a diameter ranging from about 30 to 200 mesh, preferably 40 to 120 mesh and most preferred 60 to 80 mesh.
  • Suitable water-soluble cores are sugar seeds or non-pareils that are well known in the art.
  • Examples of water swellable cores are microcrystalline cellulose spheres commercially available from FMC Corporation under the trade name CELPHERE®.
  • the pharmaceutically active ingredient or drug that is applied to the inert core is metoprolol or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as, succinate, fumarate, tartrate, citrate, pamoate, mandelate or others that are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,281,654; 4,303,637; 4,957,745; 5,001,161 and 5,081,154 which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the metoprolol or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be in its racemic form or a pure enantiomer, such as, the s-enantiomer of the benzoate or sorbate salt.
  • the metoprolol used is micronized, so the average particle size is less than 100 microns, and preferably less than 50 microns, and most preferably not less than 25 microns.
  • binding agent employed in the active pellet can be any type of binding agent commonly known in the art. Examples of some of the preferred binding agents are polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyacrylate, ethylcellulose, or mixtures of the foregoing.
  • the binding agent is a water soluble or rapidly dispersible material, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
  • the drug is applied to the inert core by any conventional techniques known in the industry, such as, pan coating, roto-granulation or fluidized bed coating. During such coating operations the drug is dispersed or dissolved in an organic or aqueous solvent, which may also contain other conventional excipients, such as the above mentioned binding agent. In a preferred embodiment, an aqueous solvent is employed. When the aqueous solvent is used, it may be necessary to include a surfactant in the solvent in order to keep the drug and other excipients suspended or dispersed.
  • a surfactant can be any type of surfactant commonly known in the art such as a fatty acid, a chelating agent, a bile salt or mixtures thereof.
  • fatty acids such as capric acid, oleic acid and their monoglycerides, especially alkyl sulfates, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and polysorbate 80; chelating agents such as citric acid and phytic acid.
  • the preferred surfactant used herein is polysorbate 80.
  • the drug layer comprises the following ingredients:
  • the above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the active coating layer.
  • a controlled release coat is applied to the drug layer.
  • the controlled release coat is applied so that it prevents or retards the release of the drug from the pellet.
  • the controlled release coat is preferably comprised of a polymeric film forming polymer and may optionally contain conventional processing aids such as emulsifiers, plasticizers, surfactants, lubricants or channeling agents.
  • the film forming polymers suitable for use in the controlled release coating are water insoluble polymers such as, ethylcellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate (lower, medium or higher molecular weight), cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, triacetate, cellulose acetate phathalate, cellulose tricetate, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate), poly(isobutyl methacrylate), poly(hexyl methacrylate), poly(isodecyl methacrylate), poly(lauryl methacrylate), poly(phenyl methacrylate), poly(methyl acrylate), poly(isopropyl acrylate), poly(isobutyl acrylate), poly(octadecyl acrylate), poly(ethylene acrylate), poly(ethylene), poly(ethylene) low density, poly(ethylene) high density, poly(propylene), poly(ethylene ter
  • water insoluble polymer includes polymers that are slightly permeable to water.
  • a suitable polymer which is slightly permeable to water is a polymer sold under the trade name Eudragit® RS.
  • Eudragit® Polymers are polymeric lacquer substances based on acrylates and methylacrylates.
  • the controlled release coating may be built up applying a plurality of coats of polymer solution or suspension to the drug core as hereinafter described.
  • the membrane solution or suspension contains the polymer(s) dissolved or suspended, respectively, in a suitable aqueous or organic solvent or mixture of solvents, optionally in the presence of a conventional excipient.
  • the controlled release coating solution or suspension may be applied to the active cores in a conventional coating pan as indicated or, alternatively, using an automated system such as a CF granulator, for example a FREUND CF® granulator, a GLATT® fluidized bed processor, a modified ACCELA-COTA® or other suitably automated bead coating equipment.
  • a CF granulator for example a FREUND CF® granulator, a GLATT® fluidized bed processor, a modified ACCELA-COTA® or other suitably automated bead coating equipment.
  • Suitable emulsifiers that can be used in the present invention are may include, but are not limited to, phospholipids, polysorbate, propylene glycol, poloxamer, glyceryl monostearate, other pharmaceutical emulsifiers and/or mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable surfactants that may optionally be used in the present invention are sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium taurocholate or a polysorbate.
  • the controlled release coating may optionally include a plasticizing agent.
  • Plasticizers are used to increase the resiliency of the finished product from cracking and fracturing.
  • Suitable plasticizing agents include polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, triacetin, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, triethyl acetyl citrate, castor oil, poloxamers and varying percentages of acetylated monoglycerides.
  • Suitable lubricants possess anti-sticking or anti-tacking properties.
  • Suitable lubricants used in preparing solid dosage forms may include talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, sodium stearyl fumerate, hydrogenated oils, polyethylene glycols and sodium stearate.
  • a particularly preferred lubricant is talc.
  • a channeling agent is an excipient that is incorporated into the controlled release coating and functions to increase the volume of fluid imbibed into the core. It creates channels, preferably tortuous channels that enable gastric and intestinal fluid to enter the core and allow the active compound to leave the core.
  • the channeling agent can be a water soluble material or an enteric material.
  • Some examples of the preferred materials that are useful as channeling agents are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate, cellulose acetate phthalate, polyvinyl alcohols, cellulose acetate butyrate, methacrylic acid copolymers, zein and mixtures thereof.
  • the preferred channeling agent is Eudragit® S100, a methacrylic acid copolymer commercially available from Rohm Pharma Gmbh.
  • the channeling agent may also be a water soluble drug. If the channeling agent is a drug, such as metoprolol, the present dosage form has the added advantage of providing an immediate release of active component.
  • the controlled release coating comprises the following ingredients:
  • the above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the newly formed extended release coating layer.
  • a plurality of the pellets may be compressed into a tablet or filled into a gelatin capsule, HPMCP capsule, HPMC capsule and/or pullulan capsule.
  • the tablet forming processes preferably involves the mixing of the controlled release pellets with a disintegrant, a lubricant (or plasticizer) and a surfactant.
  • the mixture is then compressed with a cushioning agent into a tablet and optionally coated with a color, esthetic or polishing coat.
  • Suitable cushioning agents include, but are not limited to glyceryl monostearate, various grades of microcrystalline cellulose, lactose and mixtures thereof.
  • the controlled release pellets prepared in accordance with the present invention should exhibit the following dissolution profile when tested in a USP Type 2 apparatus, at rpm, 37° C. and in a phosphate buffer medium with a pH of 7.5.
  • Disintegrants used in the tabletting process are added to assist in the break down of the tablet. Suitable disintegrants are crospovidone XL-10, microcrystalline cellulose pH-102, microcrystalline cellulose pH-200, sodium starch glycolate and the like.
  • the preferred disintegrant in the present invention is a mixture of crospovidone XL-10, microcrystalline cellulose pH-102 and microcrystalline cellulose pH-200.
  • Microcrystalline cellulose is added to improve the tabletting properties and assist in disintegration of the tablet in vitro. This in turn, assists in the release of the active pellets in the body.
  • microcrystalline cellulose is used as a filler and cushioning agent.
  • a cushioning agent is an excipient which facilitates compression of pellets into a tablet or capsule, and helps protect coated pellets from severe compaction forces and surface cracking.
  • Lubricants are used in the tabletting process to prevent the mixture of components from sticking to the equipment during the tabletting.
  • the lubricant also aids the ejection of the tablet from the dies, and additionally may help improve powder flow. Suitable lubricants are described above.
  • the preferred lubricant in this step of the present invention is glyceryl monostearate. Additionally, lubricants provide cushioning properties.
  • the tablet comprises the following ingredients:
  • the above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the newly formed tablet.
  • the tablet or capsule may further comprise a therapeutically effective amount of the drug which can be mixed into the tablet excipient or with the controlled release pellets prior to encapsulation.
  • the immediate release amount of the drug is provided by adding active drug pellets or pellets which have not been coated with the controlled release coating to the controlled release pellets prior to encapsulation or tabletting.
  • a tablet will have the following composition:
  • the above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the newly formed tablet, and the components are as described above.
  • a tablet or capsule containing the controlled release pellets prepared in accordance with the present invention and an immediate release form of metoprolol should exhibit the following dissolution profile when tested in a USP Type 2 apparatus at 75 rpm, 37° C. and in a phosphate buffer medium with a pH of 7.5
  • the tablet or capsule containing the controlled release pellets prepared in accordance with the present invention and containing an immediate release amount of the metoprolol should obtain its peak plasma level within about 3 to 8 hours, preferably about 4.5 hours to about 7.5 hours and have a C max of less than 300 ng/ml, preferably less than 275 ng/ml, and most preferably between 200 ng/ml and 275 ng/ml.
  • a controlled release metoprolol succinate tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
  • hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 44.100 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 14.775 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0205 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40 mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh are collected.
  • Pellets may be dusted with an anti-sticking agent which may include, but would not be limited to talc or silicon dioxide (commercially available as Aerosil®).
  • a controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • the controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.0885 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.1488 kg of the Eudragit® 5100, and 0.2500 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 5.500 kg of purified water and 49.00 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer.
  • the solution is then applied to active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage I using a bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • pellets After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 25 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 25 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
  • a tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition:
  • microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage II above, and metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage I above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes.
  • the glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes.
  • the resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • the resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • the resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal coat solution and a binder.
  • the seal coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
  • the seal coat materials are dissolved in water and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
  • a controlled release metoprolol tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
  • hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 44.100 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 14.775 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0205 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • microcrystalline cellulose spheres 5.327 kg of microcrystalline cellulose spheres, CELPHERE® CP-203, are placed into a fluidized bed coater.
  • the product air temperature should be higher than 45° C. prior to loading the microcrystalline cellulose spheres into the fluidized bed coater.
  • the drug suspension prepared above is sprayed onto the microcrystalline cellulose spheres using the parameters set forth in Example I.
  • the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40 mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh screen are collected.
  • a controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • the controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.0885 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.1488 kg of the Eudragit® S100, and 0.2500 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 5.500 kg of purified water and 49.00 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer.
  • the solution is then applied to the active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage I using a bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • pellets After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 25 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 25 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
  • a tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition.
  • microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage II above, metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage I above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes.
  • the glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes.
  • the resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • the resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • the resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal coat solution and a binder.
  • the seal/color coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
  • the seal coat materials are dissolved in water and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
  • a controlled release metoprolol succinate tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
  • hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 26.500 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 8.8620 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0112 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • the pellets are dried for 10 minutes in the fluidized bed coater or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%.
  • hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 17.600 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 5.9130 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0093 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added to the suspension, it should be stirred continuously until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40′ mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh are collected.
  • a controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • the controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.0885 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.1488 kg of the Eudragit® S100, and 0.2500 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 5.500 kg of purified water and 49.00 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer.
  • the solution is then applied to active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage II using the bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • pellets After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 25 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 25 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
  • a tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition:
  • microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage III above, and metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage II above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes.
  • the glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes.
  • the resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • the resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • the resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal/color coat solution and a binder.
  • the seal coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
  • the seal coat materials are dissolved in water or alcohol and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
  • a controlled release metoprolol tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
  • 0.810 kg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 48.800 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 16.200 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0210 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40 mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh screen are collected.
  • a controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • the controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.992 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.2138 kg of the Eudragit® S100, and 0.3564 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 7.125 kg of purified water and 64.12 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer.
  • the solution is then applied to active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage I using a bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • pellets After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 40 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
  • a tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition.
  • microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage II above, metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage I above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes.
  • the glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes.
  • the resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • the resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • the resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal coat solution and a binder.
  • the seal coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
  • the seal/color coat materials are dissolved in water and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
  • a controlled release metoprolol tablet in accordance with the present invention and possessing the following ingredients in mg/unit is prepared as follows:
  • a metoprolol active pellet comprising 38.05 mg/unit of a 60/80 mesh sugar sphere layered with a drug layer comprising 9.5 mg/unit of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5), 190 mg/unit metoprolol succinate and 0.25/unit mg of Tween 80.
  • the drug layer is applied to the sugar sphere from an aqueous suspension of the drug layer ingredients using a fluidized bed coater.
  • a controlled release coating is applied to 237.8 mg/unit of metoprolol active pellets, said coating comprising 75.77 mg/unit cellulose acetate butyrate (PG CAB 171-15); 9.02 mg/unit of Poloxamer 188 NF, (Lutrol F-68); and 5.41 mg/unit of methacrylic acid copolymer (Eudragit® S-100).
  • the controlled release coating ingredients are dissolved in an water acetone mixture and applied to the active pellets using a fluidized bed coater.
  • a tablet is then formed comprising 295.2 mg/unit metoprolol ER pellets, 23.78 mg/unit metoprolol active pellets, 239.51 mg/unit microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH-102), 239.51 mg/unit microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH-200), 75 mg/unit glyceryl monostearate 600P (and/or Myverol 18-06 PK) and 27 mg/unit Crospovidone (XL-10).
  • the resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal/color coat solution and a binder.
  • the seal coat is formed using 20 mg/unit of Opadry White and 5 mg/unit of Opadry Clear.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a controlled release pellet of metoprolol and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts that uses a water soluble or a water swellable inert starting seed or core.

Description

  • This application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/617,456, which was originally filed on Jul. 11, 2003.
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to the field of oral pharmaceutical dosage forms with controlled release of an active ingredient from a drug core loaded with a high percentage of active ingredient. Specifically, the present invention relates to beta1 adrenergic blocking agent pellets that are compressed into a tablet or loaded into a capsule shell, and a method of preparation of such pellets wherein the pellets are comprised of water soluble or water swellable inert starting seeds or cores. More specifically, the beta1. adrenergic blocking agent is metoprolol.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • A constant time controlled and/or a pH specific release of the active component of an orally administered drug is advantageous in medical treatment. The present invention relates to the oral administration of doses of metoprolol and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts such as, but not limited to, succinate, fumerate or benzoate of racemic metoprolol and the benzoate or sorbate of the S-enantiomer of metoprolol as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,957,745, U.S. Pat. No. 5,001,161 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,081,154 and incorporated herein by reference. The therapeutic effect of these drugs can be seen in the normalization of blood pressure for hypertension sufferers, and in the reduction of oxygen requirements in cardiac tissues, which induces beneficial affects on both angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.
  • Previously, inert cores for preparing controlled release forms of metoprolol pellets have been limited to water insoluble materials, because the use of water soluble materials combined with metoprolol created a great amount of osmotic pressure causing the controlled release pellets to burst and dump the drug. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,927,640 which is incorporated herein by reference.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention solves the problems associated with the use of a water-soluble and/or water swellable cores for metoprolol controlled release pellets. The controlled release pellets are prepared by coating a drug layer or layers onto a water soluble or water swellable inert starting seed or core then applying over the drug layer a polymeric coating that controls the release of the drug. Said pellets are then formed into an extended release tablet or capsule for oral administration.
  • The controlled release pellets of the present invention are comprised of:
      • a) a water soluble or water swellable inert core;
      • b) a drug layer comprising metoprolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof applied to the inert core; and
      • c) a controlled release coating surrounding the drug layer.
  • The pellets can be mixed with conventional tabletting excipients and compressed into a tablet or loaded into a capsule for oral administration.
  • The present invention also relates to a method of producing the pellets or beads.
  • Additionally, the present invention relates to the formation of a tablet using the controlled release pellets with and without additional active release pellets. The active release pellets being formed in the same method as the controlled release pellets, but without the controlled release coating.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention an aqueous solvent system is used instead of an organic solvent system to apply the drug layer to the inert core. This process is also more environmentally friendly due to the lack of conventional organic solvents such as methylene chloride.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • In the present invention, the inert core is a water soluble or water swellable core. The inert core must be of sufficient density and strength to enable it to undergo coating in a fluidized bed process. The inert cores of the present invention should have a diameter less than 30 mesh and preferably less than 40 mesh. In a preferred embodiment the inert cores should have a diameter ranging from about 30 to 200 mesh, preferably 40 to 120 mesh and most preferred 60 to 80 mesh.
  • Suitable water-soluble cores are sugar seeds or non-pareils that are well known in the art. Examples of water swellable cores are microcrystalline cellulose spheres commercially available from FMC Corporation under the trade name CELPHERE®.
  • The pharmaceutically active ingredient or drug that is applied to the inert core is metoprolol or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as, succinate, fumarate, tartrate, citrate, pamoate, mandelate or others that are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,281,654; 4,303,637; 4,957,745; 5,001,161 and 5,081,154 which are incorporated herein by reference. The metoprolol or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be in its racemic form or a pure enantiomer, such as, the s-enantiomer of the benzoate or sorbate salt. In one of the embodiments of the present invention it is preferred that the metoprolol used is micronized, so the average particle size is less than 100 microns, and preferably less than 50 microns, and most preferably not less than 25 microns.
  • In order for the drug to be applied to the inert core, a binding agent may be necessary. The binding agent employed in the active pellet can be any type of binding agent commonly known in the art. Examples of some of the preferred binding agents are polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyacrylate, ethylcellulose, or mixtures of the foregoing. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the binding agent is a water soluble or rapidly dispersible material, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
  • The drug is applied to the inert core by any conventional techniques known in the industry, such as, pan coating, roto-granulation or fluidized bed coating. During such coating operations the drug is dispersed or dissolved in an organic or aqueous solvent, which may also contain other conventional excipients, such as the above mentioned binding agent. In a preferred embodiment, an aqueous solvent is employed. When the aqueous solvent is used, it may be necessary to include a surfactant in the solvent in order to keep the drug and other excipients suspended or dispersed.
  • If a surfactant is employed, it can be any type of surfactant commonly known in the art such as a fatty acid, a chelating agent, a bile salt or mixtures thereof. Examples of some preferred surfactants are fatty acids such as capric acid, oleic acid and their monoglycerides, especially alkyl sulfates, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and polysorbate 80; chelating agents such as citric acid and phytic acid. The preferred surfactant used herein is polysorbate 80.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drug layer comprises the following ingredients:
  • TABLE I
    Drug Layer
    Ingredients Preferred Most Preferred
    drug 50-100% 70-99%
    binder  0-50%  1-25%
    surfactant  0-1.0%  0-0.50%
  • The above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the active coating layer.
  • Once the drug layer is applied to the inert core, a controlled release coat is applied to the drug layer. The controlled release coat is applied so that it prevents or retards the release of the drug from the pellet. The controlled release coat is preferably comprised of a polymeric film forming polymer and may optionally contain conventional processing aids such as emulsifiers, plasticizers, surfactants, lubricants or channeling agents.
  • The film forming polymers suitable for use in the controlled release coating are water insoluble polymers such as, ethylcellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate (lower, medium or higher molecular weight), cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, triacetate, cellulose acetate phathalate, cellulose tricetate, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate), poly(isobutyl methacrylate), poly(hexyl methacrylate), poly(isodecyl methacrylate), poly(lauryl methacrylate), poly(phenyl methacrylate), poly(methyl acrylate), poly(isopropyl acrylate), poly(isobutyl acrylate), poly(octadecyl acrylate), poly(ethylene acrylate), poly(ethylene), poly(ethylene) low density, poly(ethylene) high density, poly(propylene), poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(vinyl isobutyl ether), poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl chloride), chitin, chitosan, poly(anhydrides), poly(lactic acid), ploy(glycolic acid), poly(ortho esters), poly(lactide co-glycollide), poly(hydroxy butyrate) or polyurethane or a mixture thereof.
  • As used herein the term water insoluble polymer includes polymers that are slightly permeable to water. A suitable polymer which is slightly permeable to water is a polymer sold under the trade name Eudragit® RS. Eudragit® Polymers are polymeric lacquer substances based on acrylates and methylacrylates.
  • The controlled release coating may be built up applying a plurality of coats of polymer solution or suspension to the drug core as hereinafter described. The membrane solution or suspension contains the polymer(s) dissolved or suspended, respectively, in a suitable aqueous or organic solvent or mixture of solvents, optionally in the presence of a conventional excipient.
  • The controlled release coating solution or suspension may be applied to the active cores in a conventional coating pan as indicated or, alternatively, using an automated system such as a CF granulator, for example a FREUND CF® granulator, a GLATT® fluidized bed processor, a modified ACCELA-COTA® or other suitably automated bead coating equipment.
  • Suitable emulsifiers that can be used in the present invention are may include, but are not limited to, phospholipids, polysorbate, propylene glycol, poloxamer, glyceryl monostearate, other pharmaceutical emulsifiers and/or mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable surfactants that may optionally be used in the present invention are sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium taurocholate or a polysorbate.
  • The controlled release coating may optionally include a plasticizing agent. Plasticizers are used to increase the resiliency of the finished product from cracking and fracturing. Suitable plasticizing agents include polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, triacetin, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, triethyl acetyl citrate, castor oil, poloxamers and varying percentages of acetylated monoglycerides.
  • Suitable lubricants possess anti-sticking or anti-tacking properties. Suitable lubricants used in preparing solid dosage forms may include talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, sodium stearyl fumerate, hydrogenated oils, polyethylene glycols and sodium stearate. A particularly preferred lubricant is talc.
  • A channeling agent is an excipient that is incorporated into the controlled release coating and functions to increase the volume of fluid imbibed into the core. It creates channels, preferably tortuous channels that enable gastric and intestinal fluid to enter the core and allow the active compound to leave the core. The channeling agent can be a water soluble material or an enteric material. Some examples of the preferred materials that are useful as channeling agents are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate, cellulose acetate phthalate, polyvinyl alcohols, cellulose acetate butyrate, methacrylic acid copolymers, zein and mixtures thereof. The preferred channeling agent is Eudragit® S100, a methacrylic acid copolymer commercially available from Rohm Pharma Gmbh.
  • The channeling agent may also be a water soluble drug. If the channeling agent is a drug, such as metoprolol, the present dosage form has the added advantage of providing an immediate release of active component.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controlled release coating comprises the following ingredients:
  • TABLE II
    Extended Release Coating
    Ingredients Preferred Most Preferred
    water insoluble 50-95%  75-90% 
    polymers
    emulsifier 0-25% 5-15%
    channeling agent 0-15% 2-10%
  • The above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the newly formed extended release coating layer.
  • Once the controlled release coat is applied to the active cores, a plurality of the pellets may be compressed into a tablet or filled into a gelatin capsule, HPMCP capsule, HPMC capsule and/or pullulan capsule. The tablet forming processes preferably involves the mixing of the controlled release pellets with a disintegrant, a lubricant (or plasticizer) and a surfactant. The mixture is then compressed with a cushioning agent into a tablet and optionally coated with a color, esthetic or polishing coat. Suitable cushioning agents include, but are not limited to glyceryl monostearate, various grades of microcrystalline cellulose, lactose and mixtures thereof.
  • The controlled release pellets prepared in accordance with the present invention should exhibit the following dissolution profile when tested in a USP Type 2 apparatus, at rpm, 37° C. and in a phosphate buffer medium with a pH of 7.5.
  • TABLE III
    Time Preferred Most Preferred
    2 hours 0-40%  0-25%
    4 hours 5-50% 10-45%
    8 hours 25-80%  35-75%
    16 hours  NLT 50% NLT 75%
    NLT = not less than
  • Disintegrants used in the tabletting process are added to assist in the break down of the tablet. Suitable disintegrants are crospovidone XL-10, microcrystalline cellulose pH-102, microcrystalline cellulose pH-200, sodium starch glycolate and the like. The preferred disintegrant in the present invention is a mixture of crospovidone XL-10, microcrystalline cellulose pH-102 and microcrystalline cellulose pH-200.
  • Microcrystalline cellulose is added to improve the tabletting properties and assist in disintegration of the tablet in vitro. This in turn, assists in the release of the active pellets in the body. In a preferred embodiment, microcrystalline cellulose is used as a filler and cushioning agent. A cushioning agent is an excipient which facilitates compression of pellets into a tablet or capsule, and helps protect coated pellets from severe compaction forces and surface cracking.
  • Lubricants are used in the tabletting process to prevent the mixture of components from sticking to the equipment during the tabletting. The lubricant also aids the ejection of the tablet from the dies, and additionally may help improve powder flow. Suitable lubricants are described above. The preferred lubricant in this step of the present invention is glyceryl monostearate. Additionally, lubricants provide cushioning properties.
  • In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tablet comprises the following ingredients:
  • TABLE IV
    Tabletting
    Ingredients Preferred Most Preferred
    Controlled Release Pellets 15-70%  25-50%
    Disintegrant/cushioning 5-70% 30-50%
    agent
    Lubricant 5-40%  5-30%
  • The above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the newly formed tablet.
  • If an immediate release dose of the active ingredients is desired for the final dosage form, the tablet or capsule may further comprise a therapeutically effective amount of the drug which can be mixed into the tablet excipient or with the controlled release pellets prior to encapsulation. In a preferred embodiment, the immediate release amount of the drug is provided by adding active drug pellets or pellets which have not been coated with the controlled release coating to the controlled release pellets prior to encapsulation or tabletting. In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, a tablet will have the following composition:
  • TABLE V
    TABLETTING
    Ingredients Preferred Most Preferred
    Controlled Release Pellets 15-60% 25-45%
    Active Pellets  1-15% 2-8%
    Disintegrant/Cushioning 20-70% 30-50%
    Agent
    Lubricant  5-40%  5-30%
  • The above weight percentages are based on the total weight of the newly formed tablet, and the components are as described above.
  • A tablet or capsule containing the controlled release pellets prepared in accordance with the present invention and an immediate release form of metoprolol should exhibit the following dissolution profile when tested in a USP Type 2 apparatus at 75 rpm, 37° C. and in a phosphate buffer medium with a pH of 7.5
  • TABLE VI
    Time Preferred Most Preferred
    2 hours  0-50% 10-40%
    4 hours 10-60% 20-50%
    8 hours 25-80% 35-75%
    16 hours  NLT 50% NLT 60%
    NLT = not less than
  • The tablet or capsule containing the controlled release pellets prepared in accordance with the present invention and containing an immediate release amount of the metoprolol should obtain its peak plasma level within about 3 to 8 hours, preferably about 4.5 hours to about 7.5 hours and have a Cmax of less than 300 ng/ml, preferably less than 275 ng/ml, and most preferably between 200 ng/ml and 275 ng/ml.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples
    • Example I
  • A controlled release metoprolol succinate tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
    • Stage I Drug Layering Process
  • 0.7378 kg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 44.100 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 14.775 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0205 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • 5.327 kg of sugar spheres NF 60/80 are placed into a fluidized bed coater. The product air temperature of the coater should be higher than 45° C. prior to loading the sugar spheres into the fluidized bed coater. The drug suspension prepared above is sprayed onto the sugar seeds using the following conditions:
  • TABLE VII
    Nozzle tip diameter 1.2 mm
    Screen Size 100 mesh
    Shaking interval 30 min
    Shaking Duration 3 sec
    Atomization Pressure 2.5 bar
    Inlet Air Temperature 50-100° C.
    Pump Rate 5-80 mL/min
    Tubing Size 16 mm
  • Once the drug suspension has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40 mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh are collected.
  • Pellets may be dusted with an anti-sticking agent which may include, but would not be limited to talc or silicon dioxide (commercially available as Aerosil®).
    • Stage II Polymer Coating Process for Metoprolol Succinate ER Pellets
  • A controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • TABLE VIII
    Metoprolol Active Pellets Amount Per Batch (kg)
    Cellulose Acetate 2.0885 kg
    Butyrate, PG CAB 171-15
    Poloxamer 188 NF, Lutrol 0.2500 kg
    F-68
    Eudragit ® S100 0.1488 kg
  • The controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.0885 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.1488 kg of the Eudragit® 5100, and 0.2500 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 5.500 kg of purified water and 49.00 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer. The solution is then applied to active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage I using a bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 25 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 25 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
    • Stage III Tabletting and Seal/Color Coating of Metoprolol Succinate ER Tabs
  • A tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition:
  • TABLE IX
    Ingredients Amount per Batch (kg)
    Metoprolol Succinate 38.220 kg
    Controlled Release Pellets
    (Stage II)
    Metoprolol Active Pellets  4.998 kg
    (Stage I)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 11.312 kg
    (Avicel PH-102)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 26.320 kg
    (Avicel PH-200)
    Crospovidone (XL-10), NF  3.150 kg
    Glyceryl Monostearate 21.000 kg
  • The microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage II above, and metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage I above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes. The glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes. The resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • The resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • The resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal coat solution and a binder. In the present invention the seal coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The seal coat materials are dissolved in water and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
    • Example II
  • A controlled release metoprolol tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
    • Stage I Drug Layering Process
  • 0.7378 kg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 44.100 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 14.775 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0205 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • 5.327 kg of microcrystalline cellulose spheres, CELPHERE® CP-203, are placed into a fluidized bed coater. The product air temperature should be higher than 45° C. prior to loading the microcrystalline cellulose spheres into the fluidized bed coater. The drug suspension prepared above is sprayed onto the microcrystalline cellulose spheres using the parameters set forth in Example I.
  • Once the drug suspension has been consumed, the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40 mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh screen are collected.
    • Stage II Polymer Coating Process for Metoprolol Succinate ER Pellets
  • A controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • TABLE X
    Metoprolol Active Pellets Amount Per Batch (kg)
    Cellulose Acetate 2.0885 kg
    Butyrate, PG CAB 171-15
    Poloxamer 188 NF, Lutrol 0.2500 kg
    F-68
    Eudragit ® S100 0.1488 kg
  • The controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.0885 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.1488 kg of the Eudragit® S100, and 0.2500 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 5.500 kg of purified water and 49.00 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer. The solution is then applied to the active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage I using a bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 25 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 25 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
    • Stage III Tabletting and Seal/Color Coating of Metoprolol Succinate ER Tabs
  • A tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition.
  • TABLE XI
    Ingredients Amount per Batch (kg)
    Metoprolol Succinate 38.220 kg
    Controlled Release Pellets
    (Stage II)
    Metoprolol Active Pellets  4.998 kg
    (Stage I)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 11.312 kg
    (Avicel PH-102)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 26.320 kg
    (Avicel PH-200)
    Crospovidone (XL-10), NF  3.150 kg
    Glyceryl Monostearate 21.000 kg
  • The microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage II above, metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage I above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes. The glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes. The resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • The resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • The resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal coat solution and a binder. In the present invention the seal/color coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The seal coat materials are dissolved in water and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
    • Example III
  • A controlled release metoprolol succinate tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
    • Stage I First Drug Layering Process
  • 0.4438 kg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 26.500 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 8.8620 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0112 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • 5.3270 kg of sugar spheres NF 60/80 are placed into a fluidized bed coater. The product air temperature should be higher than 45° C. prior to the loading of the sugar spheres into the fluidized bed coater. The drug suspension prepared above is sprayed onto the sugar spheres using the parameters set forth in Example I.
  • Once the drug suspension has been consumed, the pellets are dried for 10 minutes in the fluidized bed coater or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%.
    • Stage II Second Drug Layering Process
  • 0.2940 kg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 17.600 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 5.9130 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0093 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added to the suspension, it should be stirred continuously until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • 14.644 kg of metoprolol active pellets from Stage I are placed into a fluidized bed coater. The product air temperature should be higher than 45° C. prior to loading the metoprolol active pellets into the fluidized bed coater. Begin spraying the drug suspension prepared in Stage II above using the parameters set forth in Example I.
  • Once the drug suspension has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40′ mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh are collected.
    • Stage III Polymer Coating Process for Metoprolol Succinate ER Pellets
  • A controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • TABLE XII
    Metoprolol Active Pellets Amount Per Batch (kg)
    Cellulose Acetate 2.0885 kg
    Butyrate, PG CAB 171-15
    Poloxamer 188 NF, Lutrol 0.2500 kg
    F-68
    Eudragit ® S100 0.1488 kg
  • The controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.0885 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.1488 kg of the Eudragit® S100, and 0.2500 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 5.500 kg of purified water and 49.00 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer. The solution is then applied to active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage II using the bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 25 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 25 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
    • Stage IV Tabletting and Seal/Color Coating of Metoprolol Succinate ER Tabs
  • A tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition:
  • TABLE XIII
    Ingredients Amount per Batch (kg)
    Metoprolol Succinate 38.220 kg
    Controlled Release Pellets
    (Stage III)
    Metoprolol Active Pellets  4.998 kg
    (Stage I)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 11.312 kg
    (Avicel PH-102)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 26.320 kg
    (Avicel PH-200)
    Crospovidone (XL-10), NF  3.150 kg
    Glyceryl Monostearate 21.000 kg
  • The microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage III above, and metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage II above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes. The glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes. The resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • The resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • The resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal/color coat solution and a binder. In the present invention the seal coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The seal coat materials are dissolved in water or alcohol and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
    • Example IV
  • A controlled release metoprolol tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared as follows.
    • Stage I Drug Layering Process
  • 0.810 kg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5) is dissolved in 48.800 kg of purified water using a mechanical stirrer until a clear solution is obtained. 16.200 kg of metoprolol succinate and 0.0210 kg of Tween 80 are then added into the solution. Once the drug is added, the suspension should be constantly stirred until the spraying process is completed to avoid settling.
  • 6.849 kg of sugar spheres, are placed into a fluidized bed coater. The product air temperature should be higher than 45° C. prior to loading the microcrystalline cellulose spheres into the fluidized bed coater. The drug suspension prepared above is sprayed onto the sugar spheres using the parameters set forth in Example I.
  • Once the drug suspension has been consumed, the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the loss on drying (LOD) is less than 3%. Finally, the pellets are screened using 40 mesh and 80 mesh screens. The pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh screen are collected.
    • Stage II Polymer Coating Process for Metoprolol Succinate ER Pellets
  • A controlled release coating is prepared with the following composition:
  • TABLE XIV
    Metoprolol Active Pellets Amount Per Batch (kg)
    Cellulose Acetate  2.992 kg
    Butyrate, PG CAB 171-15
    Poloxamer 188 NF, Lutrol 0.3564 kg
    F-68
    Eudragit ® S100 0.2138 kg
  • The controlled release coating is prepared by dissolving 2.992 kg of the cellulose acetate butyrate, 0.2138 kg of the Eudragit® S100, and 0.3564 kg of the Lutrol F-68 into a mixture of 7.125 kg of purified water and 64.12 kg of acetone and stirred until the solution is clear using a mechanical stirrer. The solution is then applied to active or drug layered pellets prepared above in Stage I using a bottom spray fluidized bed coater with the same parameters as described for the application of the drug layer in Stage I.
  • After the controlled release solution has been consumed the pellets are dried for 10 minutes or until the LOD is less than 3%. Finally, pellets are screened through 40 and 80 mesh screens and the pellets between the 40 and 80 mesh screens are collected.
    • Stage III Tabletting and Seal/Color Coating of Metoprolol Succinate ER Tabs
  • A tablet in accordance with the present invention is prepared with the following composition.
  • TABLE XV
    Ingredients Amount per Batch (kg)
    Metoprolol Succinate 47.498 kg
    Controlled Release Pellets
    (Stage II)
    Metoprolol Active Pellets  3.856 kg
    (Stage I)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 38.961 kg
    (Avicel PH-102)
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 38.961 kg
    (Avicel PH-200)
    Crospovidone (XL-10), NF  4.374 kg
    Glyceryl Monostearate 12.150 kg
  • The microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, metoprolol controlled release pellets prepared in Stage II above, metoprolol active pellets prepared in Stage I above are added to a blender and mixed for 15 minutes. The glyceryl monostearate is then added to the blender and blended for an additional 5 minutes. The resulting mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • The resulting tablet should have a hardness between 5-25 kp, with a target of 15 kp.
  • The resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal coat solution and a binder. In the present invention the seal coat is formed using Opadry White and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The seal/color coat materials are dissolved in water and applied to tablets using layering techniques commonly known in the industry such as fluidized bed coating, rotor granulation or pan coating.
    • Example V
  • A controlled release metoprolol tablet in accordance with the present invention and possessing the following ingredients in mg/unit is prepared as follows:
    • Stage I Drug Layering Process
  • A metoprolol active pellet is prepared comprising 38.05 mg/unit of a 60/80 mesh sugar sphere layered with a drug layer comprising 9.5 mg/unit of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Methocel E-5), 190 mg/unit metoprolol succinate and 0.25/unit mg of Tween 80. The drug layer is applied to the sugar sphere from an aqueous suspension of the drug layer ingredients using a fluidized bed coater.
    • Stage II Polymer Coating Process for Metoprolol Succinate ER Pellets
  • A controlled release coating is applied to 237.8 mg/unit of metoprolol active pellets, said coating comprising 75.77 mg/unit cellulose acetate butyrate (PG CAB 171-15); 9.02 mg/unit of Poloxamer 188 NF, (Lutrol F-68); and 5.41 mg/unit of methacrylic acid copolymer (Eudragit® S-100). The controlled release coating ingredients are dissolved in an water acetone mixture and applied to the active pellets using a fluidized bed coater.
    • Stage III Tabletting and Seal/Color Coating of Metoprolol Succinate ER Tabs
  • A tablet is then formed comprising 295.2 mg/unit metoprolol ER pellets, 23.78 mg/unit metoprolol active pellets, 239.51 mg/unit microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH-102), 239.51 mg/unit microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH-200), 75 mg/unit glyceryl monostearate 600P (and/or Myverol 18-06 PK) and 27 mg/unit Crospovidone (XL-10).
  • The resulting tablet may optionally be seal coated using a seal/color coat solution and a binder. In the present invention the seal coat is formed using 20 mg/unit of Opadry White and 5 mg/unit of Opadry Clear.
  • While certain preferred and alternative embodiments of the invention have been set forth for purposes of disclosing the invention, modifications to the disclosed embodiments may occur to those who are skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover all embodiments of the invention and modifications thereof which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1-65. (canceled)
66. A controlled release metoprolol succinate tablet comprising:
(a) 15-60 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of a plurality of controlled release metoprolol succinate pellets;
(b) 1-15 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of an immediate release dose of metoprolol succinate;
(c) 20-70 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of a disintegrant and/or cushioning agent; and
(d) 5-40 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of a lubricant,
wherein the tablet exhibits the following dissolution profile when tested in a USP Type 2 apparatus at 75 rpms, 37° C. in a phosphate buffer medium with a pH of 7.5:
10-40% of the metoprolol is released after 2 hours;
20-50% of the metoprolol is released after 4 hours;
35-70% of the metoprolol is released after 8 hours; and
not less than 60% of the metoprolol is released after 16 hours.
67. The controlled release tablet as defined in claim 66 wherein the disintegrant and/or cushioning agent is selected from the group consisting of microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate and mixtures thereof.
68. The controlled release tablet as defined in claim 66 wherein the lubricant is glyceryl monostearate.
69. The controlled release tablet as defined in claim 66 wherein the controlled release pellets pass through a 25 mesh screen and are retained on an 80 mesh screen.
70. The controlled release tablet as defined in claim 69 wherein the controlled release pellets comprise:
(i) a water soluble inert core having a diameter of less than 30 mesh;
(ii) a drug layer applied to the inert core comprising: metoprolol succinate; a binder; and optionally a surfactant; and
(iii) a controlled release coating applied to the drug layer comprising a water insoluble film forming polymer.
71. A controlled release metoprolol succinate tablet comprising:
(a) 15-60 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of a plurality of controlled release metoprolol succinate pellets wherein the controlled release pellets pass through a 25 mesh screen and are retained on an 80 mesh screen and further comprise
(i) a water soluble inert core having a diameter of less than 30 mesh;
(ii) a drug layer applied to the inert core comprising: metoprolol succinate; a binder selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyacrylate, ethylcellulose or mixture thereof; and optionally a surfactant; and
(iii) a controlled release coating applied to the drug layer comprising:
50-95 wt % based upon the total weight of the controlled release coating of a water insoluble film forming polymer;
0-25 wt % based upon the total weight of the controlled release coating of an emulsifier; and
0-15 wt % based upon the total weight of the controlled release coating of a channeling agent;
(b) 1-15 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of an immediate release dose of metoprolol succinate;
(c) 20-70 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of a disintegrant and/or cushioning agent selected from the group consisting of microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate and mixtures thereof; and
(d) 5-40 wt % based upon the total weight of the tablet of a lubricant,
wherein the tablet exhibits the following dissolution profile when tested in a USP Type 2 apparatus at 75 rpms, 37° C. in a phosphate buffer medium with a pH of 7.5:
10-40% of the metoprolol is released after 2 hours;
20-50% of the metoprolol is released after 4 hours;
35-70% of the metoprolol is released after 8 hours; and
not less than 60% of the metoprolol is released after 16 hours.
US12/853,820 2003-07-11 2010-08-10 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores Abandoned US20100323010A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/853,820 US20100323010A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2010-08-10 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/617,456 US7314640B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2003-07-11 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
US11/975,519 US7790200B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2007-10-19 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
US12/853,820 US20100323010A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2010-08-10 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/975,519 Continuation US7790200B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2007-10-19 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100323010A1 true US20100323010A1 (en) 2010-12-23

Family

ID=33564969

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/617,456 Active 2025-07-06 US7314640B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2003-07-11 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
US11/975,519 Expired - Fee Related US7790200B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2007-10-19 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
US12/853,820 Abandoned US20100323010A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2010-08-10 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/617,456 Active 2025-07-06 US7314640B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2003-07-11 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
US11/975,519 Expired - Fee Related US7790200B2 (en) 2003-07-11 2007-10-19 Formulation and process for drug loaded cores

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (3) US7314640B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150072003A1 (en) * 2012-04-30 2015-03-12 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Formulations

Families Citing this family (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BRPI0210096B1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2015-06-30 Euro Celtique Sa Pharmaceutical composition comprising bisacodil and poloxamer, process for the preparation of pharmaceutical composition in full capsule form and use of poloxamer and bisacodyl
US7314640B2 (en) * 2003-07-11 2008-01-01 Mongkol Sriwongjanya Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
US10226428B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2019-03-12 Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd. Oral drug delivery system
CA2543353C (en) * 2003-09-19 2012-05-15 Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited Oral drug delivery system
US10213387B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2019-02-26 Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd. Oral drug delivery system
WO2005084636A2 (en) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-15 Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited A process for the preparation of controlled-release pharmaceutical composition of metoprolol
US20070009589A1 (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-11 Kandarapu Raghupathi Extended release compositions
ES2278511B1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2008-06-16 Laboratorios Almirall S.A. COMPRESSED WITH IMPROVED DISSOLUTION PROFILE.
US20070053983A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-08 Girish Jain Extended release compositions of metoprolol succinate
US8343546B2 (en) * 2005-09-13 2013-01-01 Coating Place, Inc. Ion exchange resin treated to control swelling
DE102005060393A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Add Advanced Drug Delivery Technologies Ltd. Pharmaceutical pellet, useful for the production of tablet, comprises a spherical active agent, preferably metroprololsuccinate, comprising core with smooth surface and a coat on the core, where the active agent release is pH-independent
US20090068260A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2009-03-12 Tomer Gold Beta-1-selective adrenoceptor blocking agent compositions and methods for their preparation
US20070202172A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Tomer Gold Metoprolol succinate E.R. tablets and methods for their preparation
US8815285B2 (en) * 2006-03-28 2014-08-26 Wockhardt Ltd. Extended release dosage forms of metoprolol
US20080107726A1 (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-05-08 Pramod Kharwade Compositions comprising beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists and diuretics
WO2009017716A2 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-02-05 Depomed, Inc. Pulsatile gastric retentive dosage forms
JP4934557B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2012-05-16 株式会社日立製作所 4-level phase modulator
JP2011512349A (en) * 2008-02-15 2011-04-21 サン、ファーマ、アドバンスト、リサーチ、カンパニー、リミテッド Oral controlled release tablets
WO2010077927A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2010-07-08 Eurand, Inc. Compositions comprising melperone and controlled-release dosage forms
PL2255791T3 (en) * 2009-04-03 2012-05-31 Zakl Farmaceutyczne Polpharma Sa Extended release pharmaceutical composition comprising metoprolol succinate
US20130171199A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2013-07-04 Abbott Healthcare Private Limited Controlled release pharmaceutical composition
IL210279A0 (en) * 2009-12-25 2011-03-31 Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd Extended release compositions for high solubility, high permeability acdtive pharmaceutical ingredients
WO2012052834A2 (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-26 Inventia Healthcare Private Limited Multiple unit particulate system comprising metoprolol succinate
AU2012345726B2 (en) 2011-12-02 2017-04-13 Pegasus Laboratories, Inc. Amphipathic lipid-based sustained release compositions
US10722458B2 (en) 2011-12-02 2020-07-28 Pegasus Laboratories, Inc. Amphipathic lipid-based sustained release compositions
CN102626396B (en) * 2012-04-28 2014-05-07 海南华益泰康药业有限公司 Metoprolol slow-release tablet and preparation method thereof
CN103655480B (en) * 2012-09-14 2016-12-21 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 A kind of slow releasing pharmaceutical of metoprolol and preparation method thereof
CN105007902A (en) * 2013-02-13 2015-10-28 赢创罗姆有限公司 Multiparticulate pharmaceutical composition comprising a multitude of two kinds of pellets
EP3166599A4 (en) * 2014-07-09 2017-12-20 Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd Capsule dosage form of metoprolol succinate
CN104546771B (en) * 2015-01-13 2017-06-20 海南华益泰康药业有限公司 A kind of tablet containing metroprolol succinate and preparation method thereof
KR101999463B1 (en) * 2015-03-03 2019-10-01 사니오나 에이/에스 Tesopensin, Beta Blocker Combination Formulation
WO2016192680A1 (en) 2015-06-03 2016-12-08 Triastek, Inc. Dosage forms and use thereof
CN111698983B (en) 2018-01-09 2022-10-18 南京三迭纪医药科技有限公司 Compound oral pharmaceutical dosage form comprising fixed doses of an ADHD non-stimulant and an ADHD stimulant
CN113143877A (en) * 2021-05-07 2021-07-23 苏州康恒研新药物技术有限公司 Preparation method of metoprolol succinate pellet sustained-release tablet

Citations (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4281654A (en) * 1980-04-07 1981-08-04 Alza Corporation Drug delivery system for controlled ocular therapy
US4303637A (en) * 1980-04-04 1981-12-01 Alza Corporation Medication indicated for ocular hypertension
US4780318A (en) * 1984-01-10 1988-10-25 Lejus Medical Aktiebolag Oral pharmaceutical composition
US4792452A (en) * 1987-07-28 1988-12-20 E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Controlled release formulation
US4874613A (en) * 1987-03-06 1989-10-17 Baker Cummins Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Taste concealing pharmaceutical dosage unit
US4892739A (en) * 1988-04-25 1990-01-09 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Osmotic continuous dispensing oral delivery system containing a pharmaceutically acceptable active agent having a improved core membrane adhesion properties
US4911707A (en) * 1987-02-13 1990-03-27 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Monolithic user-activated transdermal therapeutic system
US4917676A (en) * 1986-11-20 1990-04-17 Ciba-Geigy Corporation User-activated transdermal therapeutic system
US4927640A (en) * 1985-10-11 1990-05-22 Aktiebolaget Hassle Controlled release beads having glass or silicon dioxide core
US4942040A (en) * 1987-10-08 1990-07-17 Aktiebolaget Hassle Pharmaceutical preparation and a process for its preparation
US4952402A (en) * 1984-10-30 1990-08-28 Elan Corporation, P.L.C. Controlled release powder and process for its preparation
US4957745A (en) * 1985-10-11 1990-09-18 Aktiebolaget Hassle Pharmaceutical preparation
US4996047A (en) * 1988-11-02 1991-02-26 Richardson-Vicks, Inc. Sustained release drug-resin complexes
US5019302A (en) * 1986-03-12 1991-05-28 Washington University Technology Associates, Inc. Method for granulation
US5081154A (en) * 1984-01-10 1992-01-14 Aktiebolaget Hassle Metoprolol succinate
US5133974A (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-07-28 Kv Pharmaceutical Company Extended release pharmaceutical formulations
US5169638A (en) * 1991-10-23 1992-12-08 E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Buoyant controlled release powder formulation
US5246714A (en) * 1985-10-11 1993-09-21 Aktiebolaget Hassle Drug preparation
US5288503A (en) * 1992-01-16 1994-02-22 Srchem Incorporated Cryogel oral pharmaceutical composition containing therapeutic agent
US5391377A (en) * 1990-10-19 1995-02-21 Cortecs Limited Biphasic release formations for lipophilic acids
US5399358A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-03-21 Edward Mendell Co., Inc. Sustained release formulations for 24 hour release of metroprolol
US5399362A (en) * 1994-04-25 1995-03-21 Edward Mendell Co., Inc. Once-a-day metoprolol oral dosage form
US5516531A (en) * 1987-01-29 1996-05-14 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Spherical granules having core and their production
US5518730A (en) * 1992-06-03 1996-05-21 Fuisz Technologies Ltd. Biodegradable controlled release flash flow melt-spun delivery system
US5681584A (en) * 1993-04-23 1997-10-28 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Controlled release drug delivery device
US5700410A (en) * 1992-10-16 1997-12-23 Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing wax matrices
US5707656A (en) * 1990-12-07 1998-01-13 Astra Aktiebolag Pharmaceutical formulations containing a pharmacologically active ionizable substance as well as process for the preparation thereof
US5785976A (en) * 1993-03-05 1998-07-28 Pharmacia & Upjohn Ab Solid lipid particles, particles of bioactive agents and methods for the manufacture and use thereof
US5871776A (en) * 1995-01-31 1999-02-16 Mehta; Atul M. Controlled-release nifedipine
US6022562A (en) * 1994-10-18 2000-02-08 Flamel Technologies Medicinal and/or nutritional microcapsules for oral administration
US6190692B1 (en) * 1997-01-29 2001-02-20 Cesare Busetti Time-specific controlled release capsule formulations and method of preparing same
US6210712B1 (en) * 1997-12-05 2001-04-03 Alza Corporation Dosage form having first and second coats
US6284271B1 (en) * 1997-07-01 2001-09-04 Astrazeneca Ab Multiple unit effervescent dosage form
US6287599B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2001-09-11 Shire Laboratories, Inc. Sustained release pharmaceutical dosage forms with minimized pH dependent dissolution profiles
US6297240B1 (en) * 1996-08-08 2001-10-02 R.P. Scherer Limited Method for treating ophthalmic disease through fast dispersing dosage forms
US6365185B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2002-04-02 University Of Cincinnati Self-destructing, controlled release peroral drug delivery system
US6372254B1 (en) * 1998-04-02 2002-04-16 Impax Pharmaceuticals Inc. Press coated, pulsatile drug delivery system suitable for oral administration
US6383471B1 (en) * 1999-04-06 2002-05-07 Lipocine, Inc. Compositions and methods for improved delivery of ionizable hydrophobic therapeutic agents
US20020098239A1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2002-07-25 Kuhrts Eric H. Sustained-release microencapsulated delivery sytem
US6491950B1 (en) * 2000-08-07 2002-12-10 Kos Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Controlled release pharmaceutical composition
US20030060477A1 (en) * 2000-04-03 2003-03-27 Goran Bondjers Combination of a betablocker and a cholesterol-lowering agent
US6569463B2 (en) * 1999-11-23 2003-05-27 Lipocine, Inc. Solid carriers for improved delivery of hydrophobic active ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions
US6733789B1 (en) * 1999-01-21 2004-05-11 Biovail Laboratories, Inc. Multiparticulate bisoprolol formulation
US20040126427A1 (en) * 2002-12-31 2004-07-01 Venkatesh Gopi M. Extended release dosage forms of propranolol hydrochloride
US20040142035A1 (en) * 2003-01-03 2004-07-22 Rong-Kun Chang Use of a mixture of two or more enteric materials to regulate drug release via membrane or matrix for systemic therapeutics
US20050129778A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2005-06-16 Nirmal Mulye Pharmaceutical composition containing water soluble drug
US7022342B2 (en) * 2002-03-28 2006-04-04 Andrx Corporation, Inc. Controlled release oral dosage form of beta-adrenergic blocking agents
US7314640B2 (en) * 2003-07-11 2008-01-01 Mongkol Sriwongjanya Formulation and process for drug loaded cores

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6156342A (en) * 1998-05-26 2000-12-05 Andex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Controlled release oral dosage form

Patent Citations (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4303637A (en) * 1980-04-04 1981-12-01 Alza Corporation Medication indicated for ocular hypertension
US4281654A (en) * 1980-04-07 1981-08-04 Alza Corporation Drug delivery system for controlled ocular therapy
US5001161A (en) * 1984-01-10 1991-03-19 Aktiebolaget Hassle Pharmaceutical composition comprising metroprolol succinate
US4780318A (en) * 1984-01-10 1988-10-25 Lejus Medical Aktiebolag Oral pharmaceutical composition
US5081154A (en) * 1984-01-10 1992-01-14 Aktiebolaget Hassle Metoprolol succinate
US4952402A (en) * 1984-10-30 1990-08-28 Elan Corporation, P.L.C. Controlled release powder and process for its preparation
US4957745A (en) * 1985-10-11 1990-09-18 Aktiebolaget Hassle Pharmaceutical preparation
US5246714A (en) * 1985-10-11 1993-09-21 Aktiebolaget Hassle Drug preparation
US4927640A (en) * 1985-10-11 1990-05-22 Aktiebolaget Hassle Controlled release beads having glass or silicon dioxide core
US5019302A (en) * 1986-03-12 1991-05-28 Washington University Technology Associates, Inc. Method for granulation
US4917676A (en) * 1986-11-20 1990-04-17 Ciba-Geigy Corporation User-activated transdermal therapeutic system
US5516531A (en) * 1987-01-29 1996-05-14 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Spherical granules having core and their production
US4911707A (en) * 1987-02-13 1990-03-27 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Monolithic user-activated transdermal therapeutic system
US4874613A (en) * 1987-03-06 1989-10-17 Baker Cummins Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Taste concealing pharmaceutical dosage unit
US4792452A (en) * 1987-07-28 1988-12-20 E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Controlled release formulation
US4942040A (en) * 1987-10-08 1990-07-17 Aktiebolaget Hassle Pharmaceutical preparation and a process for its preparation
US4892739A (en) * 1988-04-25 1990-01-09 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Osmotic continuous dispensing oral delivery system containing a pharmaceutically acceptable active agent having a improved core membrane adhesion properties
US4996047A (en) * 1988-11-02 1991-02-26 Richardson-Vicks, Inc. Sustained release drug-resin complexes
US5133974A (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-07-28 Kv Pharmaceutical Company Extended release pharmaceutical formulations
US5391377A (en) * 1990-10-19 1995-02-21 Cortecs Limited Biphasic release formations for lipophilic acids
US5707656A (en) * 1990-12-07 1998-01-13 Astra Aktiebolag Pharmaceutical formulations containing a pharmacologically active ionizable substance as well as process for the preparation thereof
US5169638A (en) * 1991-10-23 1992-12-08 E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Buoyant controlled release powder formulation
US5288503A (en) * 1992-01-16 1994-02-22 Srchem Incorporated Cryogel oral pharmaceutical composition containing therapeutic agent
US5518730A (en) * 1992-06-03 1996-05-21 Fuisz Technologies Ltd. Biodegradable controlled release flash flow melt-spun delivery system
US5700410A (en) * 1992-10-16 1997-12-23 Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing wax matrices
US5785976A (en) * 1993-03-05 1998-07-28 Pharmacia & Upjohn Ab Solid lipid particles, particles of bioactive agents and methods for the manufacture and use thereof
US5681584A (en) * 1993-04-23 1997-10-28 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Controlled release drug delivery device
US5399358A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-03-21 Edward Mendell Co., Inc. Sustained release formulations for 24 hour release of metroprolol
US5399362A (en) * 1994-04-25 1995-03-21 Edward Mendell Co., Inc. Once-a-day metoprolol oral dosage form
US6022562A (en) * 1994-10-18 2000-02-08 Flamel Technologies Medicinal and/or nutritional microcapsules for oral administration
US5871776A (en) * 1995-01-31 1999-02-16 Mehta; Atul M. Controlled-release nifedipine
US6297240B1 (en) * 1996-08-08 2001-10-02 R.P. Scherer Limited Method for treating ophthalmic disease through fast dispersing dosage forms
US6190692B1 (en) * 1997-01-29 2001-02-20 Cesare Busetti Time-specific controlled release capsule formulations and method of preparing same
US6284271B1 (en) * 1997-07-01 2001-09-04 Astrazeneca Ab Multiple unit effervescent dosage form
US6210712B1 (en) * 1997-12-05 2001-04-03 Alza Corporation Dosage form having first and second coats
US6365185B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2002-04-02 University Of Cincinnati Self-destructing, controlled release peroral drug delivery system
US6372254B1 (en) * 1998-04-02 2002-04-16 Impax Pharmaceuticals Inc. Press coated, pulsatile drug delivery system suitable for oral administration
US20020164371A1 (en) * 1998-04-02 2002-11-07 Impax Pharmaceuticals Inc. Press coated, pulsatile drug delivery system suitable for oral administration
US6733789B1 (en) * 1999-01-21 2004-05-11 Biovail Laboratories, Inc. Multiparticulate bisoprolol formulation
US6383471B1 (en) * 1999-04-06 2002-05-07 Lipocine, Inc. Compositions and methods for improved delivery of ionizable hydrophobic therapeutic agents
US6569463B2 (en) * 1999-11-23 2003-05-27 Lipocine, Inc. Solid carriers for improved delivery of hydrophobic active ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions
US20020098239A1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2002-07-25 Kuhrts Eric H. Sustained-release microencapsulated delivery sytem
US20030060477A1 (en) * 2000-04-03 2003-03-27 Goran Bondjers Combination of a betablocker and a cholesterol-lowering agent
US6491950B1 (en) * 2000-08-07 2002-12-10 Kos Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Controlled release pharmaceutical composition
US6287599B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2001-09-11 Shire Laboratories, Inc. Sustained release pharmaceutical dosage forms with minimized pH dependent dissolution profiles
US7022342B2 (en) * 2002-03-28 2006-04-04 Andrx Corporation, Inc. Controlled release oral dosage form of beta-adrenergic blocking agents
US20040126427A1 (en) * 2002-12-31 2004-07-01 Venkatesh Gopi M. Extended release dosage forms of propranolol hydrochloride
US20040142035A1 (en) * 2003-01-03 2004-07-22 Rong-Kun Chang Use of a mixture of two or more enteric materials to regulate drug release via membrane or matrix for systemic therapeutics
US7314640B2 (en) * 2003-07-11 2008-01-01 Mongkol Sriwongjanya Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
US20050129778A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2005-06-16 Nirmal Mulye Pharmaceutical composition containing water soluble drug

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150072003A1 (en) * 2012-04-30 2015-03-12 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Formulations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20080044467A1 (en) 2008-02-21
US7790200B2 (en) 2010-09-07
US7314640B2 (en) 2008-01-01
US20050008701A1 (en) 2005-01-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7790200B2 (en) Formulation and process for drug loaded cores
EP1121104B1 (en) New controlled release oral formulations for rivastigmine
US4904476A (en) Formulations providing three distinct releases
US7427414B2 (en) Modified release oral dosage form using co-polymer of polyvinyl acetate
US6468560B2 (en) Controlled release dosage form of [R-(Z)]-α-(methoxyimino)-α-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3yl) acetonitrile monohydrochloride
US20090004284A1 (en) Controlled release tamsulosin hydrochloride formulation
US7611730B2 (en) Tramadol-based medicament
US6733778B1 (en) Omeprazole formulation
US20100280035A1 (en) Solid pharmaceutical composition comprising 1-(4-chloroanilino)-4-(4-pyridylmethyl)phthalazine and a ph modifier
US20100040680A1 (en) Multiparticulate selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor formulation
US20140004189A1 (en) Modified release pharmaceutical compositions memantine
JP2014208655A (en) Extended-release dosage form
AU724086B2 (en) Controlled release dosage form of (R-(Z))-alpha- (methoxyimino)-alpha-(1-azabicyclo(2.2.2)oct-3-yl) acetonitrile monohydrochloride
US20080206335A1 (en) Multiparticulate controlled release selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor formulations
JP2004505034A (en) Granular composition of eletriptan showing a controlled release sigmoid pattern
US20090220593A1 (en) Extended release dosage forms of quetiapine
CA2374039C (en) Multiparticulate controlled release selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor formulations
EP1216032B1 (en) Oral controlled release formulations
WO2013181292A1 (en) Nitisinone formulations
US20090136550A1 (en) Modified release formulations of diltiazem
WO2023285977A1 (en) Pharmaceutical compositions of ozanimod
US20140112995A1 (en) Multi-layered, multiple unit pharmaceutical compositions
EP2886110A1 (en) Multi-layered, multiple unit pharmaceutical compositions
WO2010089760A2 (en) Controlled release, multiple unit pharmaceutical compositions
MXPA99002404A (en) Controlled release dosage form of [r-(z)]-alpha-(methoxyimino)-alpha-(1-azabicyclo[2.2. 2]oct-3-yl)acetonitrile monohydrochloride

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION