US20090041008A1 - Hpna hub - Google Patents
Hpna hub Download PDFInfo
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- US20090041008A1 US20090041008A1 US12/101,477 US10147708A US2009041008A1 US 20090041008 A1 US20090041008 A1 US 20090041008A1 US 10147708 A US10147708 A US 10147708A US 2009041008 A1 US2009041008 A1 US 2009041008A1
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- hpna
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- apartment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
- H04L2012/6424—Access arrangements
- H04L2012/6427—Subscriber Access Module; Concentrator; Group equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
- H04L2012/6475—N-ISDN, Public Switched Telephone Network [PSTN]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
- H04L2012/6478—Digital subscriber line, e.g. DSL, ADSL, HDSL, XDSL, VDSL
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Analog HPNA hub including at least one group of coils, the coils inducing HPNA signals there between, a plurality of filters, each of the filters coupled with a respective one of the coils and further coupled, via respective telephone wiring, with at least a respective HPNA node, wherein each of the filters enables transmission of HPNA data signals there through, and wherein each of the filters prevents transmission of conventional telephony signals there through.
Description
- The disclosed technique relates to communication networks in general, and to MxU network architectures, in particular.
- MxU networking architecture is known in the art and is used to provide communication services to a site (e.g., an apartment building) which includes a plurality of substantially independent sections (e.g., a plurality of apartments), each associated with a different subscriber. In general, the MxU networking architecture defines a separate local area network (LAN) for each of the sections.
- MxU networks which are based Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (HPNA), use the telephone lines of the telephone wire network, already installed in the MxU. Each of the LANs includes the telephone wires which are associated with a selected section (e.g., apartment) and a plurality of HPNA nodes coupled with the telephone outlets. Telephone network voice communication and data communication services can be used simultaneously, using a technique known as frequency division multiplexing (FDM). Accordingly, data signals are transmitted using a different (higher) frequency than voice data signals, whereby these signals, can be separated using a frequency splitter.
- Reference is now made to
FIG. 1 , which is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, generally referenced 10, which is known in the art. It is noted thatFIG. 1 is not drawn to scale. -
Apartment building network 10 includes intra-apartment networks APT1 (referenced 12 1), APT2 (referenced 12 2) and APTN (referenced 12 N), and gateways G1 (referenced 22 1), G2 (referenced 22 2) and GN (referenced 22 N). Gateways 22 1, 22 2 and 22 N are mounted on aplatform 16. Abroadband source 20 couples each of gateways 22 1, 22 2 and 22 N with a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet, via a broadband link such as xDSL, cable, fiber-optic, satellite, Local Multipoint Distribution System (LMDS), and the like. - Each of
intra-apartment networks intra-apartment networks respective telephone wires intra-apartment networks LANs telephone service lines - Reference is now made to
FIGS. 2A and 2B .FIGS. 2A and 2B schematically illustrate an apartment building network, generally referenced 40, which is known in the art.FIGS. 2A and 2B show a first and second example of NEXT in an MxU network, respectively. It is noted thatFIGS. 2A and 2B are not drawn to scale. - With reference to
FIG. 2A ,apartment building network 40 includes intra-apartment networks APT1 (referenced 42 1), APT2 (referenced 42 2) and APTN(referenced 42 N), gateways G1 (referenced 52 1), G2 (referenced 52 2) and GN(referenced 52 N), andphone wires wire binder 48 runs from abasement 44 of the apartment building, to the vicinity ofintra-apartment networks platform 46 is located inbasement 44.Gateways platform 46. Abroadband source 50 couples each ofgateways - Each of
intra-apartment networks FIG. 2C . Each one ofgateways intra-apartment networks respective phone wires gateways phone wires intra-apartment networks Phone wires binder 48. - Gateway 52 1 transmits a
data signal 56 tointra-apartment network 42 1. Simultaneously,intra-apartment network 42 2 transmits anotherdata signal 58 togateway 52 2. In aregion 62, located in the vicinity ofplatform 46, anelectrical disturbance 60, associated with data signal 56 (from phone wire 54 1), is induced inphone wire 54 2, causing an interference indata signal 58. - It is noted that conventionally, the distance between
intra-apartment network 42 2 andregion 62 is significantly greater than the distance betweengateway 52 1 andregion 62. Therefore,data signal 58 undergoes a significantly greater attenuation thandata signal 56, before these data signals reachregion 62, and hence,electrical disturbance 60 may cause a significant interference indata signal 58. This effect is known as near-end crosstalk (NEXT). It is noted that the transfer ofdisturbance 60 fromphone wire 54 1 tophone wire 54 2 is a cumulative effect, which takes place all alongphone wires region 62. - With reference to
FIG. 2B ,gateway 52 1 transmits adata signal 70 tointra-apartment network 42 1. Simultaneously,intra-apartment network 42 2 transmits anotherdata signal 72 togateway 52 2. In aregion 76, located in the vicinity ofintra-apartment networks electrical disturbance 74, associated with data signal 72 (from phone wire 54 2), is induced inphone wire 54 1, causing an interference indata signal 70. - It is noted that conventionally, the distance between
gateway 52 1 andregion 76 is significantly greater than the distance betweenintra-apartment network 42 1 andregion 76. Therefore,data signal 70 undergoes a significantly greater attenuation thandata signal 72, before these data signals reachregion 76, and hence,electrical disturbance 74 may cause a significant interference indata signal 70. - Reference is further made to
FIG. 2C , which is an illustration in detail ofintra-apartment networks FIGS. 2A and 2B ) and a portion of thebinder 48.FIG. 2C shows a third example of NEXT in an MxU network. It is noted thatFIG. 2C is not drawn to scale. - Intra-apartment
network 42 1 includesnetwork nodes Nodes phone wire 54 1. Intra-apartmentnetwork 42 2 includesnodes Nodes phone wire 54 2. - Gateway 52 2 (
FIG. 2A ) transmits adata signal 86, throughphone wire 54 2, towardintra-apartment network 42 2. Simultaneously,node 80 1 transmits anotherdata signal 88 towardnode 80 2. - It is noted that conventionally,
data signal 88 includes a header with source and target attributes. All of the nodes of LAN 45 1 (FIG. 2A ) receivedata signal 88, but only the target node, which is specified in the source-target attributes (i.e., node 80 2) addresses and decodes the data signal. It is noted that in the description that follows and the accompanying drawings, except for the present example, data signals are only shown on their path to their intended receiving node. - Data signal 88 passes through
phone wire 54 1 towardbinder 48. In aregion 84 in the vicinity ofintra-apartment networks electrical disturbance 92, associated with data signal 88 (from phone wire 54 1), is induced inphone wire 54 2, causing an interference in data signal 86. Similarly as in the example set forth inFIGS. 2A and 2B ,electrical disturbance 92 may cause a significant interference in data signal 86. - It is an object of the disclosed technique to provide a novel HPNA MxU hub, which is operative to share and exchange network resources, and which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
- In accordance with the disclosed technique, there is thus provided an analog HPNA hub including at least one group of coils. Each group of coils includes a plurality of coils, inducing HPNA signals there between. The analog HPNA hub further includes a plurality of filters. Each of the filters is coupled with a respective one of the coils, and further coupled, via respective telephone wiring, with at least a respective HPNA node. Each of the filters enables transmission of HPNA data signals there through, and prevents transmission of conventional telephony signals there through.
- In accordance with another aspect of the disclosed technique, there is provided an HPNA network, the network including at least one analog HPNA hub, and at least one group of HPNA nodes. Each group is associated with a respective one of the analog HPNA hubs. Each analog HPNA hub includes a plurality of coils, for inducing HPNA signals there between. Each analog HPNA hub further includes a plurality of filters. Each filter is coupled with a respective one of the coils, and further coupled, via respective telephone wiring, with at least an HPNA node in the respective group. Each of the filters enables transmission of HPNA data signals there through, and prevents transmission of conventional telephony signals there through.
- The disclosed technique will be understood and appreciated more fully from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, which is known in the art; -
FIG. 2A is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network which is known in the art, showing a first example of NEXT in an MxU network; -
FIG. 2B is a schematic illustration of the apartment building network ofFIG. 2A , showing a second example of NEXT in an MxU network; -
FIG. 2C is an illustration in detail of two of the intra-apartment networks of the apartment building ofFIGS. 2A and 2B and a portion of the binder, showing a third example of NEXT in an MxU network; -
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an MxU network, constructed and operative in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 6A is a schematic illustration of a timeslot scheme sequence, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 6B is a schematic illustration of a timeslot scheme sequence, constructed in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 6C is a schematic illustration of a timeslot scheme sequence, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 7A is an illustration in detail of two of the intra-apartment networks of the MxU network ofFIG. 3 , and a portion of the binder, operating during a downstream timeslot, in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 7B is an illustration in detail of two of the intra-apartment networks of the MxUFIG. 3 , and a portion of the binder, operating during an upstream+HN timeslot, in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 7C is an illustration in detail of two of the intra-apartment networks of the MxUFIG. 3 , and a portion of the binder, operating during an “miscellaneous” timeslot, in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique, and -
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a method for reducing NEXT in an MxU network, operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of an MxU network, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique; -
FIG. 10 is an illustration in detail of the analog HPNA hub and a plurality of phone wires ofFIG. 9 ; -
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of an analog HPNA hub, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique, and a plurality of phone wires; -
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of an analog HPNA hub, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique, and a plurality of phone wires; -
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique; and -
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a network, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique. - The disclosed technique overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a novel analog HPNA hub for an MxU network, which enables data signal transmissions between different HPNA local (i.e., intra-apartment) networks of the MxU network to pass there through, while preventing conventional telephony transmissions between the HPNA local networks, from passing there through.
- In the description that follows, the terms MDU (multi-dwelling unit), MTU (multi-tenant unit), MCU (multi-company unit), MHU (multi-hospitality unit), MPU (multi-public unit), MEU (multi-embedded unit), are generally termed MxU. An MxU may be an apartment building, a condominium complex, a hotel, a motel, a resort, an office building, an industrial park, a college or university campus dormitory, a hospital, an airport, a train station, a convention center, a shopping mall, an airplane, a ship, and the like.
- Reference is now made to
FIG. 3 , which is a schematic illustration of an MxU network, generally referenced 100, constructed and operative in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed technique. It is noted thatFIG. 3 is not drawn to scale. In the present example,MxU network 100 is an apartment building network. It is noted, however, that the disclosed technique is applicable for any type of MxU network. - In the description that follows, the term “phone wire” is defined as a line which can be used for communicating conventional telephony signals and HPNA signals. A phone wire can be constructed by twisting together two insulated copper wires.
-
Apartment building network 100 includes intra-apartment networks APT1 (referenced 112 1), APT2 (referenced 112 2) and APTN(referenced 112 N), gateways G1 (referenced 122 1), G2 (referenced 122 2) and GN (referenced 122 N), andphone wires wire binder 118 runs from abasement 114 of the apartment building, to the vicinity ofintra-apartment networks platform 116 and asynchronizer 126 are located incommunication room 114. Gateways G1, G2, and GN, referenced 122 1, 122 2 and 122 N, respectively, are mounted onplatform 116. Abroadband source 120couples gateways Synchronizer 126 is coupled withgateways - In the present example,
communication room 114 is a basement. It is noted, however, that thecommunication room 114 may be any physical space housing the gateways of the network, such as a basement, a cupboard, a cabinet, and the like.Phone wires binder 118. -
Platform 116 provides access togateways broadband source 120. It is noted thatplatform 116 may further provide other functions togateways platform 116 may be a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM), a Next Generation Digital Loop Carrier (NGDLC), and the like. - Each of
intra-apartment networks FIGS. 7A and 7B . Each combination of one of thegateways phone wires intra-apartment networks - Data signals transmitted from one of the
gateways intra-apartment networks - Each of
gateways LANs Synchronizer 126 synchronizes all of thegateways LANs FIGS. 6A and 6B . - It is noted that
synchronizer 126 may generally be coupled withgateways synchronizer 126 may generally be located in various locations inside or outside ofbasement 114, and inside the apartment building or at a remote location. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 4 , which is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, generally referenced 140, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique. According to the architecture ofnetwork 140, the synchronizer is incorporated within one of the LAN-masters, whereby this LAN-master operates as a master relative to the other LAN-masters of the network. -
Apartment building network 140 includes intra-apartment networks APT1 (referenced 152 1), APT2 (referenced 152 2) and APTN(referenced 152 N), gateways G1 (referenced 162 1), G2 (referenced 162 2) and GN (referenced 162 N), andphone wire wire binder 158 runs from abasement 154 to the vicinity ofintra-apartment networks Gateways platform 156. Abroadband source 160couples gateways intra-apartment networks phone wires gateways form LANs apartment building network 100 ofFIG. 3 . -
Gateways synchronicity link 166. It is noted thatsynchronicity link 166 may be wired or wireless.Gateway 162 1 operates as a master gateway to the rest of the gateways, which operate as slave gateways (i.e.,gateway 162 1 controls when the other gateways, and the nodes of their respective LANs, transmit data signals).Gateway 162 1 synchronizes all of the LANs to transmit upstream, downstream and HN data signals in synchrony, as shall be described in further detail with reference toFIGS. 6A and 6B . - Reference is now made to
FIG. 5 , which is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique.Apartment building network 170 includes intra-apartment networks APT1 (referenced 152 1), APT2 (referenced 152 2) and APTN(referenced 152 N), gateways G1 (referenced 162 1), G2 (referenced 162 2) and GN(referenced 162 N), andphone wires wire binder 188 runs from abasement 174 to the vicinity ofintra-apartment networks Gateways platform 186. Abroadband source 190couples gateways intra-apartment networks phone wires gateways form LANs apartment building network 100 ofFIG. 3 . However,gateway 192 1 does not operate as the master node ofLAN 185 1. Rather, anode 194 ofintra-apartment network 182 1 is the LAN-master node ofLAN 185 1. - LAN-
master node 194 andgateways synchronicity link 196.Gateway 192 N operates as a master gateway to the rest of the LANs, similarly asgateway 162 1. However,gateway 192 N synchronizesLAN 185 1 through LAN-master node 194 (and not through gateway 192 1). - It is noted that alternatively, LAN-
master node 194 may be linked directly tomaster gateway 192 N. Further alternatively, a synchronizer such assynchronizer 126 ofFIG. 3 , may be applied to an apartment building network similar toapartment building network 170. Accordingly, LAN-master 194 is coupled to that synchronizer. It is further noted that the disclosed technique may similarly be applied to an MxU network wherein a plurality of LAN-master nodes are not gateways. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 6A , which is a schematic illustration of atimeslot scheme sequence 200, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique.Sequence 200 includes cyclic timeslot schemes, of which twoschemes Timeslot scheme 202 includestimeslots Timeslot scheme 206 includestimeslots Timeslots Timeslots - In the example set forth in
FIG. 3 ,synchronizer 126 instructsgateways gateways respective LANs timeslots Synchronizer 126 further instructsgateways timeslots intra-apartment networks respective LANs timeslots - For example,
synchronizer 126 ofFIG. 3 may include a clock (also known as a sync clock), which is coupled with all of the LAN-master nodes. The LAN-master nodes transmit data only during a certain part of the clock cycle (e.g., during the high level period of the cycle). Thus, the LAN-master nodes are synchronized with the clock, and hence are synchronized there between. - It is noted that the timeslot scheme may be determined dynamically. Accordingly, the timeslot scheme may change according to the conditions present in
MxU network 100, such as the bandwidth used by each network node or LAN, the amount of upstream, downstream and HN communication, and the like. It is further noted that various other timeslot schemes may be employed, such as a timeslot scheme allocating separate timeslot for each LAN or group of LANs, a timeslot scheme involving only those LANs found interfering, and the like. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 6B , which is a schematic illustration of atimeslot scheme sequence 210, constructed in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique.Sequence 210 includes repeating timeslot schemes, of which twoschemes Timeslot scheme 212 includes timeslots 214 1, 214 2 and 214 3.Timeslot scheme 216 includestimeslots Timeslots 214 1 and 218 1 are allocated for downstream communication.Timeslots 214 2 and 218 2 are allocated for upstream communication and HN communication (also referred to as upstream+HN).Timeslots 214 3 and 218 3 are allocated for other communication. - In the example set forth in
FIG. 3 , duringtimeslots 214 3 and 218 3,synchronizer 126 instructsgateways FIG. 7C . - Reference is now made to
FIG. 6C , which is a schematic illustration of atimeslot scheme sequence 220, constructed in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique.Scheme sequence 220 includestimeslots Timeslot 222 includes transmission opportunity (TXOP) 225 andgap 226.Timeslot 224 includesTXOPs gap 228. -
Timeslot 222 is similar totimeslot 204 1 ofFIG. 6A , allocated for downstream communication.Timeslot 224 is similar to timeslot 204 2 (FIG. 6A ), allocated for upstream+HN communication.TXOP 225 is allocated for the transmission of a specific data packet or packets, in the downstream direction.Gap 226 separates betweenTXOP 225 andTXOP 227 1. Each ofTXOP Gap 228 separates betweenTXOP 227 3 and the next timeslot scheme (i.e., the next cycle). It is noted that a system according to the disclosed technique may generally operate using different types of TXOPs and gaps, such as those described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,693, which is hereby incorporated by reference. - Reference is now made to
FIGS. 7A , 7B and 7C.FIG. 7A is an illustration in detail ofintra-apartment networks FIG. 3 , and a portion of thebinder 118, operating during a downstream timeslot such astimeslot 204 1 ofFIG. 6A , in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique.FIG. 7B is an illustration in detail ofintra-apartment networks FIG. 3 , and a portion of thebinder 118, operating during an upstream+HN timeslot such astimeslot 204 2 ofFIG. 6A , in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique.FIG. 7C is an illustration in detail ofintra-apartment networks FIG. 3 , and a portion of thebinder 118, operating during an “miscellaneous” timeslot such as timeslot 214 3 ofFIG. 6B , in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique. -
Intra-apartment network 112 1 includesnetwork nodes Intra-apartment network 112 2 includesnetwork nodes Nodes phone wire 124 2. It is notedintra-apartment networks - Each of
network nodes Nodes Nodes -
Node 232 4 transmits and receives data according to a second communication specification, such as HPNA2. It is noted that the second communication specification may be either synchronous or asynchronous.Node 232 1 is capable of transmitting and receiving data signals of both the first and the second communication specification. - With reference to
FIG. 7A ,gateway 122 1 transmits adata signal 234 throughphone wire 124 1, towardnode 230 3 ofintra-apartment network 112 1. Simultaneously,gateway 122 2 transmits another data signal 236 towardnode 232 2 ofintra-apartment network 112 2. - With reference to
FIG. 7B ,node 230 1 ofintra-apartment network 112 1 transmits afirst data signal 250 throughphone wire 124 1, towardnode 230 2.Node 230 3 ofintra-apartment network 112 1 transmits asecond data signal 252 throughphone wire 124 1, towardgateway 122 1.Node 232 2 ofintra-apartment network 112 2 transmits a third data signal 254 throughphone wire 124 2, towardnode 232 3.Node 232 2 ofintra-apartment network 112 2 transmits a fourth data signal 256 throughphone wire 124 2, towardgateway 122 2. Data signals 250 and 252 are transmitted synchronously, within LAN 115 1 (FIG. 3 ), during at least one upstream+HN timeslot. Similarly, data signals 254 and 256 are transmitted synchronously, within LAN 115 2 (FIG. 3 ), during at least one upstream+HN timeslot. With reference toFIG. 7C ,network node 232 4 transmits adata signal 270 throughphone wire 124 2 tonetwork node 232 1. - It is noted that synchronizer 126 (
FIG. 3 ) may restrictnetwork node 232 1 to transmit only during the miscellaneous timeslot, by creating conditions innetwork 100, which enablenetwork node 232 1 to transmit data signals only during the miscellaneous timeslot. For example, HPNA2 legacy units (i.e., nodes operating solely according to an older communication specification, and not according to later communication specification such as HPNA3 units), detect the various properties of the network (e.g., voltage, current, frequency spectrum) in order to determine if other nodes are transmitting. An HPNA2 node can transmit signals when it detects that no HPNA signal is being transmitted on the communication line. Hence, either the synchronizer (when directly coupled with the LANs) or the LAN-master nodes, can apply the appropriate signals on the network to prevent legacy units transmitting, during the downstream timeslots and the upstream+HN timeslots. Similarly, during the miscellaneous timeslot, either the synchronizer or the LAN-master nodes, can instruct all of the advanced (non-legacy) nodes, not to produce HPNA signals on the communication line, thereby allowing legacy units to transmit. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 8 , which is a schematic illustration of a method for reducing NEXT in an MxU network, operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique. Inprocedure 300, a timeslot scheme is defined. The timeslot scheme includes a plurality of timeslots, each being allocated for a selected type of signal transmission (i.e., upstream, downstream, HN, miscellaneous, or a certain combination thereof). In the example set forth inFIGS. 3 , 6A and 6B, a timeslot scheme such as 204 1 or 214 1 is either embedded insynchronizer 116 or defined in real-time thereby. It is noted that alternatively, other sources may define the timeslot scheme, such as a node ofMxU network 100, an external node of the WAN, a user ofMxU network 100, and the like. In the example set forth inFIG. 6A ,timeslot 204 1 is allocated for downstream transmission, andtimeslot 204 2 is allocated for upstream and HN transmission. - In
procedure 302, MxU LAN-masters are synchronized according to the timeslot scheme. The synchronization causes all of the nodes in each of the LANs to operate as defined in the timeslot scheme. With reference toFIG. 3 ,synchronizer 116 instructs each one of the LAN-master nodes ofMxU network 100 to regulate their respective LANs according to the selected timeslot scheme. Accordingly,gateways timeslot 204 1. Similarly, the nodes ofintra-apartment networks timeslot 204 2. - In
procedure 304, signals of a selected type are transmitted, during each of the respective timeslots. With reference toFIG. 3 ,gateways timeslot 204 1 and the nodes ofintra-apartment networks timeslot 204 2. It is noted thatprocedure 304 is applied repetitively. - In
procedure 306, conditions on the network are controlled, thereby enabling transmission of data signals of special types, such as legacy communication signals. In the example set forth inFIGS. 3 and 5B ,synchronizer 126 produces no HPNA signals on the MxU network, during the downstream and upstream+HN timeslots, and an appropriate HPNA signal during miscellaneous timeslot 214 3. The HPNA signal indicates to legacy units that they are not allowed to transmit, as long as they detect it. - It is noted that
procedure 306 is optional, and may be omitted in certain networks. For example, in a network comprising solely of nodes operating according to a single communication specification (i.e., non-legacy nodes), there may be no need to control the conditions on the network. It is noted that when applyingprocedure 306, it has to be integrated withprocedure 304, so that both procedures are provided simultaneously. Timeslot scheme 212 (FIG. 6B ) is an example for integrating bothprocedures - Reference is now made to
FIG. 9 , which is a schematic illustration of an MxU network, generally referenced 400, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique. It is noted thatFIG. 9 is not drawn to scale. In the present example,MxU network 400 is an apartment building network. It is noted, however, that the disclosed technique is applicable for any type of MxU network. -
Apartment building network 400 includes intra-apartment networks APT1 (referenced 406 1), APT2 (referenced 406 2) and APTN(referenced 406 N), agateway 402, and ananalog HPNA hub 404. Each of intra-apartment networks 406 1, 406 2 and 406 N includes a plurality of network nodes (not shown). Abroadband source 412couples gateway 402 with a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet, via a broadband link such as xDSL, cable, fiber-optic, satellite, Local Multipoint Distribution System (LMDS), and the like.Analog HPNA hub 404 is coupled with intra-apartment networks 406 1, 406 2 and 406 N, throughphone wires Analog HPNA hub 404 is further coupled withgateway 402.Analog HPNA hub 404 enables data signal transmissions between intra-apartment networks 406 1, 406 2 and 406 N, to pass there through. Thus,gateway 402 and intra-apartment networks 406 1, 406 2 and 406 N together form a local-area network (LAN). -
Analog HPNA hub 404 is further coupled withexternal telephone lines External telephone lines External telephone lines couple network 400 with a telephony exchange system such as a telephone company central office (CO) switch, a public branch exchange (PBX) system, and the like. - It is noted that each of
external telephone lines respective phone wire Analog HPNA hub 404 prevents conventional telephony transmissions between intra-apartment networks 406 1, 406 2 and 406 N, from passing there through. - It is noted that a security mechanism may be incorporated in
MxU network 400. For example, in accordance with the techniques disclosed in the above mentioned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/127,693, the HPNA nodes of the network may use encryption and decryption keys. Accordingly, the network nodes encrypt and decrypt the transmitted and received data packets, respectively. These techniques may be applied in various communication protocol layers. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 10 , which is an illustration in detail of theanalog HPNA hub 404 ofFIG. 9 , andphone wires Analog HPNA hub 404 includescoils core 444, and filters F1 (referenced 454 1), F2 (referenced 454 2) and FN (referenced 454 N). -
Coil 442 is coupled with gateway 402 (FIG. 9 ). Eachfilter 454 i is coupled with arespective coil 452 i,telephone line 410 i and withphone wire 408 1.Coil 442 and coils 452 1, 452 2 and 452 N are wound aroundcore 444. It is noted thatFIG. 10 provides a schematic representation ofcore 444,coil 442 and coils 452 1, 452 2 and 452 N. - A signal passing through one of the
coils coils Core 444 enhances this electrical induction betweencoils core 444 and coils 442, 452 1, 452 2 and 452 N, generally referenced 456, effectively operates as a transformer between gateway 402 (FIG. 9 ) andphone wires transformer 456 provides DC isolation between gateway 402 (FIG. 9 ) andphone wires - It is noted that various types of transformers may be incorporated in
hub 404, instead oftransformer 456. It is further noted that the transformer used inhub 404, may be core-less. For example, coils 442, 452 1, 452 2 and 452 N may be intertwined there between, whereby electrical induction occurs without the use of a core. It is still further noted that the hub may include a plurality of cores, as shall be shown herein below with reference toFIG. 12 . - Each
filter 454 i prevents conventional telephony transmissions signals betweentwisted pair 408 i,telephone line 410 i andcoil 452 i from passing there through, while allowing data transmissions betweentwisted pair 408 i,telephone line 410 i andcoil 452 i to pass there through. Thus, conventional telephony transmissions do not interfere there between inMxU network 400. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 11 , which is a schematic illustration of ananalog HPNA hub 504, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique, and a plurality ofphone wires Analog HPNA hub 504 may be incorporated in an MxU network (not shown), generally similar to MxU network 400 (FIG. 9 ). The MxU network includesphone wires phone wires FIG. 9 ), reaching a plurality of apartment networks (not shown). -
Analog HPNA hub 504 includescoils core 544, andcapacitors Coil 542 is coupled with a gateway (not shown) of the MxU network.Capacitor 524 is coupled with anexternal telephone line 510 1, and connected in series betweencoils Coils twisted pair 508 1 and withcapacitors capacitors capacitors phone wire 508 1 and with coil 532 1. Each pair ofcapacitors respective phone wire 508 i and a respectiveexternal telephone line 510 i. - Each pair of
capacitors FIG. 10 ). For example, the capacitance of each ofcapacitors hub 504 enables data transmissions between the intra-apartment networks of the MxU network to pass there through, while preventing conventional telephony transmissions between the intra-apartment networks from passing there through. The combination ofcapacitor 524 and coils 520 and 522, serves as an HPNA isolation filter. Accordingly, the combination ofcapacitor 524 and coils 520 and 522, substantially attenuates HPNA signals transmitted there through. This substantially reduces the risk of misinterpreting a signal transmitted fromexternal telephone line 510 1, as an HPNA signal. For example, NEXT interference from a nearby VDSL line may be substantially eliminated. It is noted that a similar filter may be coupled with each offilters coils capacitor 524 may be, for example, 100 uH, 100 uH and 15 nF, respectively. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 12 , which is a schematic illustration of ananalog HPNA hub 550, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique, and a plurality ofphone wires Analog HPNA hub 550 may be incorporated in an MxU network (not shown), generally similar to MxU network 400 (FIG. 9 ). The MxU network includesphone wires phone wires FIG. 9 ), reaching a plurality of apartment networks (not shown). -
Analog HPNA hub 550 includescoils capacitors Coils coil 582 i is connected in series between the respective pair ofcapacitors capacitors external telephone line 560 i andrespective phone wire 588 i. - Each
coil 582 i and eachcoil 592 i, is wound around a respective core 594 i. Thus, data signals can be communicated between the network apartments, and the gateway. However, data signals communicated directly between the apartments, without the use of the gateway, shall twice undergo the attenuation experienced by data signals communicated between the apartments and the gateway. Parameters of the network, such as the threshold for the allowed data signal amplitudes (i.e., the amplitudes beneath which the signals are regarded as noise) and the number of windings on each coil, may be predetermined so that the twice attenuated signals are beneath the allowed threshold. Thus, the apartments are effectively disabled to communicate there between directly through a core. Rather, the apartments can communicate there between, through the gateway. Since the gateway can monitor and filter some of the data signals, this enhances security in the MxU network. - It is noted that the apartments of the MxU may be divided into groups of apartments, wherein the apartments of each group are allowed to communicate directly there between, while apartments of different groups are effectively disabled to communicate directly there between. For example, coils 592 1 and 592 2, and one of
coils coils 592 1 and 592 2), while the rest of the coils ofhub 550 are wound about another single core. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 13 , which is a schematic illustration of an apartment building network, generally referenced 600, constructed and operative in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed technique.Apartment building network 600 includes intra-apartment networks APT1,1 (referenced 606 1), APT2,1 (referenced 606 2) and APTN,1 (referenced 606 N), APT1,2 (referenced 608 1), APT2,2 (referenced 608 2) and APTM,2 (referenced 608 M).Apartment building network 600 further includesanalog HPNA hubs phone wires Gateways platform 626. Abroadband source 610couples gateways -
Phone wires couple hub 602 withintra-apartment networks couple hub 604 withintra-apartment networks binder 624 runs from the vicinity ofhubs intra-apartment networks Binder 624 binds togetherphone wires -
Hub 602 is further coupled withgateway 612,external telephone lines phone wire Hub 604 is further coupled withgateway 614,external telephone lines -
Hubs FIG. 10 ).Hub 602 enables data signal transmissions betweenintra-apartment networks LAN 628.Hub 602 further prevents conventional telephony transmissions betweenintra-apartment networks analog HPNA hub 604 couplesintra-apartment networks LAN 630, and further prevents conventional telephony transmission between those apartments from passing there through. -
Gateways gateways FIG. 4 (i.e., in the example ofFIG. 13 , the number of gateways is equal to two).Gateway 612 operates as a master gateway togateway 614, which operates as a slave gateway.Gateway 612 instructs the nodes ofLANs network 600. - It is noted that an MxU network may similarly be constructed with a greater number gateways and hubs. Accordingly, one gateway operates as a master gateway, and the rest of the gateways operate as slave gateways, similarly as in the example set forth in
FIG. 4 . - Reference is now made to
FIG. 14 , which is a schematic illustration of a network, generally referenced 700, constructed and operative in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed technique.Network 700 may be installed in an apartment, an office, and the like.Network 700 includes HPNA nodes N1 (referenced 730), N2 (referenced 732), N3 (referenced 734), N4 (referenced 736), N5 (referenced 738), and N6 (referenced 740),telephony devices exchange system 702, ananalog HPNA hub 712,external telephone lines internal telephone lines -
Telephony devices telephony devices - Exchange system (e.g., a PABX, a PBX) 702 is a device capable of managing telephony communications between telephone lines coupled therewith. In the present example,
exchange system 702 is a private automatic branch exchange (PABX). -
PABX 702 is coupled withexternal telephone lines Internal telephone line 714couples PABX 702 withtelephone 718 and withHPNA node 734.Internal telephone line 716couples PABX 702 withtelephone 720 and withHPNA nodes External telephone line 708 is coupled withHPNA node 740 and withtelephone 722. It is noted thatnodes hub 712 and the novel architecture ofnetwork 700. As shall be shown herein below, the novel architecture ofnetwork 700 links all of thenodes -
Analog HPNA hub 712 is generally similar to analog HPNA hub 404 (FIG. 10 ).Analog HPNA hub 712 includescoils core 748. Each offilters filters FIG. 10 . Each ofcoils coils FIG. 10 . -
Coils HPNA nodes Coils filters Filter 742 is further coupled withexternal telephone line 708.Filters internal telephone lines -
PABX 702 enables conventional telephony signals betweentelephones PABX 702 exhibits internal low pass filtering and therefore, does not enable high frequency data communication signals (e.g., HPNA transmissions) between the internal telephone lines to pass there through.Hub 712 enables data signal transmissions betweennodes - It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the disclosed technique is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather the scope of the disclosed technique is defined only by the claims, which follow.
Claims (11)
1. (canceled)
2. The analog HPNA hub according to claim 3 , wherein at least two of said filters are each further coupled with at least one telephony device, via said respective telephone wiring.
3. An analog HPNA hub comprising:
at least one group of coils, each said group of coils comprising a plurality of coils, said coils inducing HPNA signals therebetween;
a plurality of filters, each of said filters coupled with a respective one of said coils and further coupled, via respective telephone wiring, with at least a respective HPNA node, and
at least one core, each said at least one core being associated with a respective one of said groups of coils, each said at least one core enhancing induction of HPNA signals between said coils of said respective group,
wherein each of said filters enables transmission of HPNA data signals therethrough; and
wherein each of said filters prevents transmission of conventional telephony signals therethrough.
4. The analog HPNA hub according to claim 3 , wherein at least one of said filters is further coupled with an external telephone line.
5. The analog HPNA hub according to claim 3 , wherein at least one of said filters is further coupled with a telephony exchange system via said respective telephone wiring.
6-7. (canceled)
8. The analog HPNA hub according to claim 3 , wherein at least one of said filters comprises at least one capacitor.
9-14. (canceled)
15. An HPNA network comprising:
at least one analog HPNA hub: and
at least one group of HPNA nodes, each said at least one group being associated with a respective one of said at least one analog HPNA hub,
wherein each said at least one analog HPNA hub includes:
a plurality of coils, for inducing HPNA signals therebetween, and
a plurality of filters, each of said filters being coupled with a respective one of said coils and further coupled, via respective telephone wiring, with at least an HPNA node in said respective group,
wherein each of said filters enables transmission of HPNA data signals therethrough,
wherein each of said filters prevents transmission of conventional telephony signals therethrough, and
wherein said at least other HPNA node is a gateway node, being further coupled with a wide area network.
16. An HPNA network comprising:
at least one analog HPNA hub: and
at least one group of HPNA nodes, each said at least one group being associated with a respective one of said at least one analog HPNA hub,
wherein each said at least one analog HPNA hub includes:
a plurality of coils, for inducing HPNA signals therebetween, and
a plurality of filters, each of said filters being coupled with a respective one of said coils and further coupled, via respective telephone wiring, with at least an HPNA node in said respective group,
wherein each of said filters enables transmission of HPNA data signals therethrough,
wherein each of said filters prevents transmission of conventional telephony signals therethrough, and
wherein said network deployed in an MxU, the MxU comprising a plurality of units, each said units housing at least a portion of at least one of said at least one group of HPNA nodes.
17. (canceled)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/101,477 US20090041008A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2008-04-11 | Hpna hub |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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US10/272,881 US6999433B2 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2002-10-17 | Method of reducing near-end crosstalk in an MxU networking architecture |
US10/330,703 US7693189B2 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2002-12-27 | HPNA hub |
US12/101,477 US20090041008A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2008-04-11 | Hpna hub |
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US10/330,703 Continuation US7693189B2 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2002-12-27 | HPNA hub |
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US20090041008A1 true US20090041008A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080063160A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2008-03-13 | Coppergate Communication Ltd. | Hpna hub |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003288502A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
WO2004059896A3 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
US7693189B2 (en) | 2010-04-06 |
US20040076142A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
AU2003288502A8 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
WO2004059896A2 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
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