US20080245605A1 - Method and apparatus for controlling engine exhaust sound for vehicles - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for controlling engine exhaust sound for vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- US20080245605A1 US20080245605A1 US12/059,226 US5922608A US2008245605A1 US 20080245605 A1 US20080245605 A1 US 20080245605A1 US 5922608 A US5922608 A US 5922608A US 2008245605 A1 US2008245605 A1 US 2008245605A1
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- Prior art keywords
- valve
- baffle plate
- engine speed
- expansion chamber
- exhaust
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
- F01N1/166—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for changing gas flow path through the silencer or for adjusting the dimensions of a chamber or a pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/084—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling the gases flowing through the silencer two or more times longitudinally in opposite directions, e.g. using parallel or concentric tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/089—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using two or more expansion chambers in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
- F01N1/168—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for controlling or modifying silencing characteristics only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/14—Plurality of outlet tubes, e.g. in parallel or with different length
Definitions
- the present invention relates to method and apparatus for controlling engine exhaust sound that is emitted from an exhaust system of vehicles such as an automobile.
- Japanese Patent Application First Publication No. 8-109815 indicates engine exhaust sound controlling apparatus for vehicles which includes a valve for conducting changeover of exhaust paths in response to exhaust pressure, a biasing member such as a spring which biases the valve in a closing direction of the valve against the exhaust pressure, and a spring constant changing member that reduces an increment of a reaction force of the biasing member when a rotational angle of the valve exceeds a predetermined value.
- the valve when the engine is operated in the low engine speed region, the valve is kept in the closed state by the biasing member until a pressure in a muffler reaches a certain pressure value in order to ensure the silence within the interior of the vehicle. Further, in the conventional apparatus, the valve is kept closed even in the engine starting region.
- the conventional art shows the exhaust system that is constructed from a viewpoint of reducing the exhaust sound. Therefore, the apparatus of the conventional art fails to produce a powerful exhaust sound in the engine starting region.
- a method for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path comprising:
- an apparatus for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path comprising:
- baffle plate that is disposed within the exhaust path so as to block a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path, the baffle plate being formed with an aperture;
- a communication passage that communicates an upstream side of the baffle plate and a downstream side of the baffle plate with each other;
- valve that is so disposed as to cover a part of the aperture of the baffle plate and operated to open and close the communication passage
- valve is operated to open the communication passage in an engine starting region, the valve is operated to close the communication passage in an idling region and a low engine speed region, and the valve is operated to open the communication passage and increase an opening of the valve as the engine speed rises in a high engine speed region.
- an apparatus for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path comprising:
- baffle plate that is disposed within the exhaust path so as to block a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path, the baffle plate being formed with an aperture;
- valve that is so disposed as to cover a part of the aperture of the baffle plate, the valve being rotationally moveable relative to the baffle plate so as to be apart from the baffle plate in a direction of the flow of exhaust gas
- a biasing means for biasing the valve toward the baffle plate
- valve has a contact position in which the valve is contacted with the baffle plate and covers the part of the aperture of the baffle plate, a small distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a first distance therebetween, an intermediate distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a second distance therebetween which is larger than the first distance, and a large distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a third distance therebetween which is larger than the first distance and the second distance, and
- valve when the valve is placed in the contact position, the valve cooperates with the baffle plate to define an opening between the outer periphery of the valve and a periphery of the aperture of the baffle plate,
- the valve when the valve is placed in the small distance position, the valve cooperates with the enclosure member to define a first clearance between the outer periphery of the valve and an opposing surface of the enclosure member that is opposed to the outer periphery of the valve,
- valve when the valve is placed in the large distance position, the valve cooperates with the enclosure member to define a second clearance between the outer periphery of the valve and the opposing surface of the enclosure member, and the second clearance is increased as the third distance between the valve and the baffle plate becomes larger.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a valve structure for use in an exhaust sound control apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the valve structure, taken along line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of a valve of the valve structure of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a muffler to which the exhaust sound control apparatus of the embodiment is applied.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between engine speed and opening of the valve.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a flow rate of exhaust gas and a pressure forward of the valve.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of a modification of the valve structure shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the modified valve structure, taken along line 8 - 8 of FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the modified valve structure of FIG. 7 .
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a modification of the muffler shown in FIG. 4 .
- the exhaust sound controlling apparatus includes a valve structure shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
- the valve structure includes valve 2 that is disposed on baffle plate 1 .
- Baffle plate 1 is disposed within a muffler as explained later which is connected to a vehicle engine.
- Baffle plate 1 divides an interior of the muffler into a plurality of expansion chambers which constitute an exhaust path through which a flow of exhaust gas from the engine passes.
- Baffle plate 1 is so arranged as to block the flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path.
- Baffle plate 1 includes a generally rectangular-shaped aperture la as shown in FIG. 1 .
- Aperture la extends through baffle plate 1 .
- Valve 2 is disposed on a downstream side surface of baffle plate 1 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas and so arranged as to cover a part of aperture 1 a.
- a pair of supports 3 a, 3 b are arranged in a spaced and opposed relation to each other.
- Supports 3 a, 3 b are fixed to baffle plate 1 by a suitable fastening manner such as welding.
- Valve shaft 4 is supported at opposite end portions thereof by supports 3 a, 3 b.
- Valve 2 is rotatably mounted onto valve shaft 4 .
- Valve 2 is rotationally moveable relative to baffle plate 1 so as to be apart from baffle plate 1 in a direction of the flow of exhaust gas. Valve 2 is operated to open and close a communication passage which allows fluid communication between an upstream side expansion chamber and a downstream side expansion chamber which are disposed on an upstream side and a downstream side of baffle plate 1 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path.
- valve 2 is a generally rectangular-shaped plate member.
- Valve 2 includes curved end portion 2 a at one end thereof, a pair of support portions 2 b disposed on opposite sides of curved end portion 2 a and planar valve body 2 c connected with curved end portion 2 a.
- Valve 2 has end peripheral surface 2 d and two side peripheral surfaces which are disposed on an outer periphery of valve body 2 c.
- End peripheral surface 2 d is located at an opposite end of valve 2 , namely, at a lower end of valve 2 when viewed in FIG. 2 .
- the side peripheral surfaces are opposed to each other in the axial direction of valve shaft 4 and joined with end peripheral surface 2 d.
- Curved end portion 2 a is raised up from valve body 2 c and formed into a curved shape.
- Support portions 2 b are spaced from each other in an axial direction of valve shaft 4 and located between supports 3 a, 3 b.
- Valve shaft 4 extends through shaft insertion holes of support portions 2 b and is supported by support portions 2 b.
- Valve body 2 c serves as a closing member that comes into contact and non-contact with baffle plate 1 so as close the part of aperture 1 a.
- Curved end portion 2 a is so curved as to have a predetermined radius that extends from a central axis of valve shaft 4 .
- An outer circumferential surface of curved end portion 2 a is opposed to baffle plate 1 and substantially in slide contact with baffle plate 1 during the rotational movement of valve 2 about valve shaft 4 .
- Torsion spring 5 is mounted to valve shaft 4 and biases valve body 2 c of valve 2 toward baffle plate 1 .
- valve body 2 c is contacted near curved end portion 2 a with a part of baffle plate 1 which is located along an upper periphery of aperture 1 a.
- a planer upstream side surface of valve body 2 c is contacted with the downstream side surface of baffle plate 1 exclusive of aperture 1 a.
- the upstream side surface of valve body 2 c is aligned with the downstream side surface of baffle plate 1 .
- Aperture 1 a is so configured as to be partially covered by valve body 2 c of valve 2 .
- aperture 1 a extends in the axial direction of valve shaft 4 so as to have an opening width equal to or slightly smaller than a width of valve 2 as shown in FIG. 1 .
- aperture 1 a also extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of valve shaft 4 beyond end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 .
- a part of aperture 1 a which is located on an outside of end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 , namely, on a lower side of end peripheral surface 2 d in FIG.
- valve 2 serves as opening 10 through which an upstream side expansion chamber and a downstream side expansion chamber disposed on an upstream side and a downstream side of baffle plate 1 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path are communicated with each other when valve 2 is urged to be in the position shown in FIG. 2 .
- valve body 2 c is in contact with baffle plate 1 and aperture 1 a is covered by valve body 2 c except for opening 10 .
- Opening 10 is disposed between end peripheral surface 2 d and an aperture forming rim of baffle plate 1 which defines a periphery of the rectangular-shaped aperture la. Opening 10 is always prevented from being covered by valve body 2 c.
- Valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 serve as an enclosure member that extends from baffle plate 1 so as to surround the outer periphery of valve 2 .
- Valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 cooperate with baffle plate 1 and valve 2 to define the communication passage that allows the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber disposed on the upstream side of baffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber disposed on the downstream side of baffle plate 1 .
- side valve guides 6 and 7 are disposed on both sides of valve 2 in an opposed and spaced relation thereto in the axial direction of valve shaft 4 .
- Side valve guides 6 and 7 are formed into a plate shape and extend from the downstream side surface of baffle plate 1 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas, namely, in a rotational direction of valve 2 , so as to be opposed to the side peripheral surfaces of valve 2 during the rotational movement of valve 2 about valve shaft 4 .
- End valve guide 8 is interposed between side valve guides 6 and 7 on the side of the other end of valve 2 .
- End valve guide 8 is opposed to and spaced from end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of valve shaft 4 .
- End valve guide 8 uprightly extends from the downstream side surface of baffle plate 1 and has a predetermined height.
- End valve guide 8 extends along the bottom-linear part of the generally rectangular-shaped periphery of aperture 1 a in the axial direction of valve shaft 4 .
- End valve guide 8 has clearance forming surface 8 a and contact surface 8 b on a side of valve 2 and valve shaft 4 , namely, on an upper side of end valve guide 8 in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
- clearance forming surface 8 a extends uprightly from the downstream side surface of baffle plate 1 .
- Clearance forming surface 8 a cooperates with end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 to form the clearance therebetween when valve 2 is rotated about valve shaft 4 and moved from the position shown in FIG. 2 in an opening direction thereof in which valve body 2 c moves apart from baffle plate 1 to uncover aperture 1 a.
- Contact surface 8 b is connected with upright surface 8 a through a step portion between clearance forming surface 8 a and contact surface 8 b.
- Contact surface 8 b is so curved as to be approximately close to or contacted with end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 during a further rotational movement of valve 2 about valve shaft 4 subsequent to passing through above clearance forming surface 8 a.
- end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 is approximately close to or in contact with contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 when valve 2 is further rotated about valve shaft 4 subsequent to passing through above clearance forming surface 8 a of end valve guide 8 .
- Valve 2 serves as a control valve that controls the flow of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust path. An operation of valve 2 is explained hereinafter with reference to FIG. 3 .
- valve 2 is urged to be placed in position A by the biasing force of torsion spring 5 .
- position A valve body 2 c is in contact with baffle plate 1 , and aperture 1 a of baffle plate 1 is covered with valve body 2 c except for opening 10 that is disposed on the outside of end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 .
- opening 10 is prevented from being covered with valve body 2 c and there is a clearance between end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 and clearance forming surface 8 a of end valve guide 8 .
- valve 2 in position A, valve 2 is in a first open state in which there is no distance between valve body 2 c and baffle plate 1 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas, namely, in the rotational direction of valve 2 , and the expansion chambers on the upstream and downstream sides of baffle plate 1 are communicated with each other through opening 10 and the clearance between end peripheral surface 2 d and clearance forming surface 8 a.
- valve 2 when an external force, i.e., an exhaust pressure, is applied to valve 2 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas in which valve 2 moves apart from baffle plate 1 , valve 2 is rotated about valve shaft 4 against the biasing force of torsion spring 5 and moved from position A to a position immediately before position B. At this time, a distance between baffle plate 1 and valve body 2 c of valve 2 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas is relatively small and an amount of the rotational movement of valve 2 , namely, an opening of valve 2 , is relatively small.
- valve 2 can be kept in the first open state while valve 2 is moved from position A to the position immediately before position B.
- valve 2 When the external force that is applied to valve 2 in the opening direction is increased, valve 2 is further rotated about valve shaft 4 against the biasing force of torsion spring 5 . Valve 2 is placed in position B and then moved from position B to position C. At this time, the rotation amount of valve 2 becomes intermediate and the distance between baffle plate 1 and valve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas becomes intermediate.
- at least a part of the outer periphery of valve 2 namely, end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 , is in substantially contact, namely, slide contact, with contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 .
- valve 2 is restrained from the first open state and kept in a closing state in which there is the intermediate distance between valve body 2 c and baffle plate 1 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas and the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber and the downstream side expansion chamber which are disposed on the upstream and downstream sides of baffle plate 1 can be substantially prevented.
- valve 2 When the external force is further increased, valve 2 is further rotated about valve shaft 4 against the biasing force of torsion spring 5 and moved from position C in the opening direction to thereby be apart from end valve guide 8 . At this time, the rotation amount of valve 2 becomes large and the distance between baffle plate 1 and valve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas becomes large. End peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 is apart from contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 , and there is generated a clearance between end peripheral surface 2 d and contact surface 8 b. Therefore, the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side of baffle plate 1 can be communicated again with the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side of baffle plate 1 through the clearance between end peripheral surface 2 d and contact surface 8 b.
- valve 2 when valve 2 is further rotationally moved from position C in the opening direction, valve 2 is in a second open state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber and the downstream side expansion chamber which are disposed on the upstream and downstream sides of baffle plate 1 can be re-established through the clearance between end peripheral surface 2 d and contact surface 8 b.
- the clearance is increased as the distance between baffle plate 1 and valve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas becomes larger.
- the opening of valve 2 and the angular position of valve 2 with respect to baffle plate 1 varies in accordance with the rotation amount of valve 2 and the distance between baffle plate 1 and valve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas. That is, as the rotation amount of valve 2 and the distance between baffle plate 1 and valve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas increases, the opening of valve 2 becomes larger.
- Opening 10 and the clearance between baffle plate 1 , valve body 2 c and valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 constitute the communication passage between the upstream side expansion chamber disposed on the upstream side of baffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber disposed on the downstream side of baffle plate 1 . That is, the communication passage is formed by the aperture-forming rim of baffle plate 1 , end peripheral surface 2 d of valve body 2 c, opposed surfaces of side valve guides 6 and 7 opposed in the axial direction of valve shaft 4 , and clearance forming surface 8 a and contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 .
- FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of muffler 20 , taken in a direction of the flow of exhaust gas that passes through muffler 20 .
- Muffler 20 may have a generally elliptic-shape in cross-section taken in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the flow of exhaust gas.
- baffle plate 21 is disposed within muffler 20 so as to divide an interior of muffler 20 into two expansion chambers adjacent to each other, namely, first expansion chamber 22 and second expansion chamber 23 which are located on the left side and the right side of FIG. 4 , respectively. First expansion chamber 22 and second expansion chamber 23 are thus separated from each other by baffle plate 21 .
- Inlet tube 24 extends into second expansion chamber 23 through an upstream end wall of muffler 20 , first expansion chamber 22 and baffle plate 21 .
- Inlet tube 24 has one end that outwardly projects from the upstream end wall of muffler 20 and is connected to the engine through an exhaust pipe, not shown.
- Inlet tube 24 has the other end that is opened within second expansion chamber 23 .
- Inlet tube 24 serves as a first communication tube that communicates second expansion chamber 23 with the engine.
- Inlet tube 24 introduces the exhaust gas from the engine into second expansion chamber 23 .
- Pass-through tube 25 extends through baffle plate 21 and communicates first expansion chamber 22 and second expansion chamber 23 with each other. Pass-through tube 25 has one end that is opened within second expansion chamber 23 and the other end that is opened within first expansion chamber 22 .
- Tail tube 26 extends from first expansion chamber 22 to an outside of muffler 20 through baffle plate 21 , second expansion chamber 23 and a downstream end wall of muffler 20 .
- Tail tube 26 has one end that is opened within first expansion chamber 22 and the other end that outwardly projects from the downstream end wall of muffler 20 and is exposed to atmospheric air.
- Tail tube 26 serves as a second communication tube that communicates first expansion chamber 22 with atmospheric air.
- First expansion chamber 22 and second expansion chamber 23 are larger in cross-sectional area than inlet tube 24 , pass-through tube 25 and tail tube 26 .
- Baffle plate 21 has generally rectangular-shaped aperture 21 a that is disposed parallel with pass-through tube 25 .
- the valve structure described above with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 is provided on baffle plate 21 on a side of first expansion chamber 22 . That is, valve 2 is arranged on a downstream side surface of baffle plate 21 which is exposed to first expansion chamber 22 , such that valve body 2 c covers aperture 21 a except for opening 10 .
- Valve 2 , valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 and baffle plate 21 cooperate with each other to define a communication passage that allows fluid communication between first expansion chamber 22 and second expansion chamber 23 in parallel with pass-through tube 25 .
- the communication passage includes opening 10 that is disposed between end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 and the aperture-forming rim of baffle plate 21 which defines the periphery of aperture 21 a.
- the communication passage further includes the clearance that is formed between valve 2 and valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 upon rotation of valve 2 about valve shaft 4 .
- the exhaust path extends through inlet tube 24 , pass-through tube 25 , tail tube 26 , first expansion chamber 22 , second expansion chamber 23 and the communication passage between first expansion chamber 22 and second expansion chamber 23 .
- exhaust sound generated from the engine is controlled in accordance with an operating condition of the engine.
- the exhaust sound is emitted to atmospheric air via a first route, a second route or both of the first and second routes in accordance with the engine operating condition.
- the first route is indicated by arrow A in FIG. 4 and the second route is indicated by arrow B in FIG. 4 .
- the first route extends sequentially through inlet tube 24 , second expansion chamber 23 , pass-through tube 25 , first expansion chamber 22 and tail tube 26 .
- the second route extends sequentially through inlet tube 24 , the communication passage between valve 2 and valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 , first expansion chamber 22 and tail tube 26 .
- the second route thus bypasses pass-through tube 25 .
- valve 2 is rotationally moved from position A to the position immediately before position B as shown in FIG. 3 .
- valve 2 is placed in the first open state in which second expansion chamber 23 is communicated with first expansion chamber 22 through the communication passage therebetween, namely, through opening 10 and the clearance between end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 and clearance forming surface 8 a of end valve guide 8 .
- the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted from tail tube 26 to atmospheric air via the second route in addition to the first route. Since the emission of the exhaust sound is performed via both the first route and the second route, the exhaust sound that is generated in the engine starting region can be enhanced as compared to the conventional exhaust sound controlling apparatus.
- valve 2 when the engine speed is raised up to a predetermined engine speed which is in the idling region, valve 2 is rotationally moved to position B shown in FIG. 3 due to an increase in an exhaust pressure immediately forward of valve 2 , namely, an exhaust pressure within second expansion chamber 23 , which is hereinafter referred to as a valve-forward pressure.
- Valve 2 is placed in the closing state in which end peripheral surface 2 d is substantially contacted with contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 . In the closing state of valve 2 , the opening of valve 2 and the sectional area of the communication passage are approximately zero.
- the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted to atmospheric air substantially only via the first route. As a result, the exhaust sound can be reduced.
- valve-forward pressure is further increased with the engine speed raise. Due to the increase in the valve-forward pressure, valve 2 is rotationally moved from position B to position C shown in FIG. 3 . During the rotational movement from position B to position C, valve 2 is kept in the closing state. Therefore, the emission of the exhaust sound substantially only via the first route is maintained so that the exhaust sound can be reduced.
- valve-forward pressure is further increased due to an increase in the flow of exhaust gas from the engine.
- Valve 2 is further rotationally moved away from position C and placed in the second open state. In the second open state, end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 becomes out of contact with contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 so that there is generated a clearance therebetween. Therefore, the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted from tail tube 26 to atmospheric air via both the first route and the second route.
- increase in pressure loss can be suppressed to thereby enhance the engine output in the high engine speed region.
- valve 2 when the engine speed is in the engine starting region, valve 2 is placed in the first open state described above. Further, when the engine speed is increased to be in the idling region or the low engine speed region, valve 2 is brought into the closing state. When the engine speed reaches the high engine speed region, valve 2 is brought into the second open state as described above.
- valve 2 is constructed to be operated corresponding to the engine speed.
- the spring force (spring constant) of torsion spring 5 , the opening of valve 2 and the opening area of aperture 1 a, 21 a may be suitably set to operate valve 2 corresponding to the engine speed as described above.
- the valve-forward pressure (the exhaust pressure in second expansion chamber 23 ) may be suitably set to operate valve 2 corresponding to the engine speed.
- FIG. 6 shows a relationship between the valve-forward pressure and the flow rate of exhaust gas.
- the valve-forward pressure varies depending upon the flow rate of exhaust gas.
- the flow rate of exhaust gas is increased in the order of the idling region, the low engine speed region and the high engine speed region.
- the construction of the exhaust sound controlling apparatus of the present invention is appropriately designed.
- the spring constant (the biasing force) of torsion spring 5 can be set such that valve 2 is rotationally moveable from position A to the position immediately before position B against the valve-forward pressure in the engine starting region, valve 2 is rotationally moveable from position B to position C against the valve-forward pressure in the idling region and the low engine speed region, and valve 2 is rotationally moveable beyond and away from position C in the high engine speed region, as shown in FIG. 3 .
- valve 2 Owing to suitably setting the spring constant of torsion spring 5 as described above, the rotational movement of valve 2 from position B and position C can be ensured even when the flow of exhaust gas pulses in the idling region and the low engine speed region and the rotational movement of valve 2 pulses along with the pulse of the flow of exhaust gas. Valve 2 , therefore, can be prevented from coming into contact with baffle plate 1 , 21 . As a result, when the engine is operated in the idling region and the low engine speed region, it is possible to suppress occurrence of striking noise which would be caused due to the contact of valve 2 with baffle plate 1 , 21 , and maintain a silence within the interior of the vehicle.
- valve 2 In the engine starting region, valve 2 is placed in the first open state in which exhaust gas emitted from the engine is permitted to pass through the communication passage in the second route B and thereby flow in the exhaust path via both the first route A and the second route B as shown in FIG. 4 . As a result, powerful exhaust sound can be created. In the idling region and the low engine speed region, valve 2 is placed in the closing state in which the flow of exhaust gas is prevented from passing through the communication passage in the second route B and thereby allowed to flow in the exhaust path substantially only via the first route A. As a result, a silence within the interior of the vehicle can be ensured.
- valve 2 In the high engine speed region, valve 2 is placed in the second open state in which the flow of exhaust gas is permitted to pass through the communication passage in the second route B and thereby flow in the exhaust path via both the first route A and the second route B, and the opening of valve 2 is increased as the engine speed becomes higher. Therefore, in the high engine speed region, even when an amount of the flow of exhaust gas is increased, increase in pressure loss can be suppressed.
- the exhaust sound control can be suitably performed depending on the engine speed as explained above. Further, the exhaust sound can be controlled by setting the spring constant (the biasing force) of torsion spring 5 as explained above.
- valve 2 serves as a gas leakage inhibiting portion that prevents the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound from leaking from curved end portion 2 a toward the downstream side of baffle plate 1 during the rotational movement of valve 2 .
- Valve 2 is supported at curved end portion 2 a relative to baffle plate 1 , and the outer circumferential surface of curved end portion 2 a is substantially in contact (slide contact) with baffle plate 1 during the rotational movement of valve 2 . Therefore, while valve 2 is rotationally moved, the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound can be prevented from leaking from curved end portion 2 a toward the downstream side of baffle plate 1 .
- valve 102 is a generally rectangular-shaped plate member and differs from valve 2 used in the embodiment in that a curved end portion is not formed.
- Valve 102 includes planar valve body 2 c with one end portion 2 e, and a pair of support portions 2 b disposed on opposite sides of one end portion 2 e.
- Valve shaft 4 extends through shaft insertion holes of support portions 2 b and is supported by support portions 2 b.
- Each of support portions 2 b has an extension that extends around the shaft insertion hole, and is connected at the extension with one end portion 2 e.
- Gas leakage inhibiting member 11 is disposed on the downstream side surface of baffle plate 1 and located on a side of one end portion 2 e of valve body 2 c. Gas leakage inhibiting member 11 extends parallel to valve shaft 4 or one end portion 2 e of valve body 2 c, namely, an upper end periphery of valve 102 when viewed in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 .
- Gas leakage inhibiting member 11 is a bar member that has a generally L-shape in cross-section as shown in FIG. 8 .
- Gas leakage inhibiting member 11 has one strip portion 11 a that is mounted to baffle plate 1 and the other strip portion 11 b that is disposed uprightly with respect to baffle plate 1 . Specifically, the other strip portion 11 b is inclined toward aperture 1 a of baffle plate 1 .
- valve 102 when valve 102 is rotationally moved about valve shaft 4 , a tip end of one end portion 2 e of valve 102 is moved so as to draw a part of a circle that has a center on the axis of valve shaft 4 . At this time, the tip end of one end portion 2 e is moved on an outer surface of the other strip portion 11 b of gas leakage inhibiting member 11 in contact with the outer surface of the other strip portion 11 b.
- valve 102 During the rotational movement of valve 102 , the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound can be prevented from leaking from one end portion 2 e of valve 102 at which valve 102 is supported relative to baffle plate 1 through gas leakage inhibiting member 11 , toward the downstream side of baffle plate 1 .
- the other strip portion 11 b of gas leakage inhibiting member 11 is curved in conformity with a locus of the tip end of one end portion 2 e of valve 102 which is drawn during the rotational movement of valve 102 .
- Valve 102 has the same operating positions and operating states as those of valve 2 as shown in FIG. 3 . That is, in the engine starting region, valve 102 is moveable from position A to a position immediately before position B as shown in FIG. 9 . At this time, valve 102 is in the first open state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side of baffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side of baffle plate 1 through the communication passage therebetween is established. In the idling region and the low engine speed region, valve 102 is moved from position B to position C as shown in FIG. 9 .
- valve 102 is in the closing state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side of baffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side of baffle plate 1 through the communication passage therebetween is blocked.
- valve 102 is moved away from position C in the opening direction.
- valve 102 is in the second open state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side of baffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side of baffle plate 1 through the communication passage therebetween is re-established.
- modified muffler 40 includes first baffle plate 41 and second baffle plate 42 that extend within muffler 40 in a cross-sectional direction of muffler 40 , namely, in a direction perpendicular to the flow of exhaust gas that passes through muffler 40 .
- Baffle plates 41 and 42 are disposed within muffler 40 so as to divide the interior of muffler 40 into three expansion chambers adjacent to each other, namely, first expansion chamber 43 , second expansion chamber 44 and third expansion chamber 45 , which are located from the left side to the right side of muffler 40 in this order.
- First expansion chamber 43 and second expansion chamber 44 are separated from each other by baffle plate 41 .
- Second expansion chamber 44 and third expansion chamber 45 are separated from each other by baffle plate 42 .
- Second expansion chamber 44 is disposed between first expansion chamber 43 and third expansion chamber 45 .
- Inlet tube 46 extends into second expansion chamber 44 through an upstream end wall of muffler 40 , first expansion chamber 43 and first baffle plate 41 .
- Inlet tube 46 has one end that outwardly projects from the upstream end wall of muffler 40 and is connected to the engine through an exhaust pipe, not shown.
- Inlet tube 46 has the other end that is opened within second expansion chamber 44 .
- Inlet tube 46 introduces the exhaust gas from the engine into second expansion chamber 44 .
- First pass-through tube 47 is disposed within muffler 40 coaxially with inlet tube 46 .
- First pass-through tube 47 extends from second expansion chamber 44 into third expansion chamber 45 through second baffle plate 42 and communicates second expansion chamber 44 and third expansion chamber 45 with each other.
- First pass-through tube 47 has one end that is opened within second expansion chamber 44 and the other end that is opened within third expansion chamber 45 with each other.
- Second pass-through tube 48 extends through second baffle plate 42 in parallel with first pass-through tube 47 .
- Second pass-through tube 48 has one end that is opened within third expansion chamber 45 and the other end that is connected with one side surface of first baffle plate 41 which is exposed to second expansion chamber 44 .
- First baffle plate 41 has generally rectangular-shaped aperture 41 a.
- Second pass-through tube 48 is disposed coaxially with aperture 41 a so as to communicate third expansion chamber 45 with aperture 41 a.
- Third expansion chamber 45 and first expansion chamber 43 are communicated with each other through aperture 41 a and second pass-through tube 48 .
- the valve structure shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 or the modified valve structure shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 is provided on an opposite side surface of first baffle plate 41 which is exposed to first expansion chamber 43 .
- valve 2 or 102 is arranged on the opposite side surface of first baffle plate 41 , namely, on a downstream side surface of first baffle plate 41 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas passing through second pass-through tube 48 , such that valve body 2 c covers aperture 41 a except for opening 10 .
- Valve 2 or 102 , valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 and first baffle plate 41 cooperate with each other to define a communication passage that allows fluid communication between first expansion chamber 43 and third expansion chamber 45 through second pass-through tube 48 .
- the communication passage includes opening 10 that is disposed between end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 or 102 and an aperture-forming rim of first baffle plate 41 which defines the periphery of aperture 41 a.
- the communication passage further includes the clearance that is formed between valve 2 or 102 and valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 upon rotation of valve 2 or 102 about valve shaft 4 .
- First tail tube 49 extends from first expansion chamber 43 to an outside of muffler 40 through first baffle plate 41 , second baffle plate 42 , second expansion chamber 44 , third expansion chamber 45 and a downstream end wall of muffler 40 .
- First tail tube 49 has one end that is opened within first expansion chamber 43 and the other end that outwardly projects from the downstream end wall of muffler 40 and is exposed to atmospheric air.
- Second tail tube 50 extends from second expansion chamber 44 to the outside of muffler 40 through second baffle plate 42 , third expansion chamber 45 and the downstream end wall of muffler 40 .
- Second tail tube 50 has one end that is opened within second expansion chamber 44 and the other end that outwardly projects from the downstream end wall of muffler 40 and is exposed to atmospheric air.
- Each of expansion chambers 43 , 44 , 45 is larger in cross-sectional area than inlet tube 46 , pass-through tubes 47 , 48 and tail tubes 49 , 50 .
- the exhaust path extends through first inlet tube 46 , second expansion chamber 44 , second tail tube 50 , first pass-through tube 47 , third expansion chamber 45 , second pass-through tube 48 , first expansion chamber 43 , first tail tube 49 and the communication passage between first expansion chamber 43 and third expansion chamber 45 .
- exhaust sound generated from the engine is controlled depending on an operating condition of the engine.
- the exhaust sound is emitted to atmospheric air via a first route indicated by arrow A in FIG. 10 , a second route indicated by arrow B in FIG. 10 or both the first route and the second route in accordance with the engine operating condition.
- the first route extends sequentially through inlet tube 46 , second expansion chamber 44 and second tail tube 50 .
- the second route extends sequentially through inlet tube 46 , second expansion chamber 44 , first pass-through tube 47 , third expansion chamber 45 , second pass-through tube 48 , the communication passage between valve 2 or 102 and valve guides 6 , 7 and 8 , first expansion chamber 43 and first tail tube 49 .
- the second route bypasses second tail tube 50 .
- the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted from second tail tube 50 to atmospheric air via the first route indicated by arrow A in FIG. 10 .
- valve 2 or 102 is moveable from position A to a position immediately before position B as shown in FIG. 9 .
- valve 2 or 102 is placed in the first open state in which the communication passage including opening 10 and the clearance between end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 or 102 and clearance forming surface 8 a of end valve guide 8 is opened so that the second route indicated by arrow B in FIG. 10 is permitted. Therefore, exhaust sound from the engine is also emitted from first tail tube 49 to atmospheric air via the second route. Since the emission of the exhaust sound is thus performed via both the first route and the second route, the exhaust sound in the engine starting region can be enhanced as compared to the conventional exhaust sound controlling apparatus.
- valve 2 or 102 when the engine speed is raised up to the idling region, valve 2 or 102 is rotationally moved to position B shown in FIG. 9 due to an increase in the valve-forward pressure. Valve 2 or 102 is placed in the closing state in which end peripheral surface 2 d is substantially contacted with contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 . Therefore, the exhaust sound from the engine is prevented from being emitted from tail tube 49 to atmospheric air via the second route indicated by arrow B in FIG. 10 and can be emitted from tail tube 50 to atmospheric air substantially only via the first route indicated by arrow A in FIG. 10 . As a result, the exhaust sound that is emitted from muffler 40 to atmospheric air can be reduced.
- valve-forward pressure is further increased with raising of the engine speed. Due to the increase in the valve-forward pressure, valve 2 or 102 is rotationally moved from position B to position C shown in FIG. 9 . During the rotational movement from position B to position C, valve 2 or 102 is kept in the closing state. Therefore, the emission of the exhaust sound substantially only via the first route indicated by arrow A in FIG. 10 is maintained so that the exhaust sound from the engine can be kept reduced.
- valve-forward pressure is further increased due to an increase in the flow of exhaust gas from the engine.
- Valve 2 or 102 is further rotationally moved away from position C shown in FIG. 9 and placed in the second open state.
- end peripheral surface 2 d of valve 2 or 102 becomes out of contact with contact surface 8 b of end valve guide 8 and there is generated a clearance therebetween. Therefore, the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted from both tail tubes 49 and 50 to atmospheric air via both the first route indicated by arrow A in FIG. 10 and the second route indicated by arrow B in FIG. 10 .
- increase in pressure loss can be suppressed to thereby enhance the engine output.
- the method includes a first control step of reducing a flow rate of exhaust gas that passes through the exhaust path, to a first flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a first engine speed region, and a second control step of increasing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a second flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a second engine speed region in which the engine speed is higher than the engine speed in the first engine speed region.
- the method further includes a third control step of reducing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a third flow rate that is lower than the first flow rate and the second flow rate in a third engine speed region between the first engine speed region and the second engine speed region.
- the engine speed in the first engine speed region includes an engine speed in an engine starting region.
- the engine speed in the second engine speed region includes an engine speed in a high engine speed region.
- the engine speed in the third engine speed region includes an engine speed in an idling region and an engine speed in a low engine speed region.
- the method for controlling exhaust sound can perform the following effects.
- exhaust gas emitted from the engine is permitted to pass through the exhaust path so that powerful exhaust sound can be created.
- the flow of exhaust gas is reduced so that a silence within the interior of the vehicle can be ensured.
- the flow of exhaust gas is permitted to pass through the exhaust path and the flow rate of exhaust gas is increased as the engine speed becomes higher. As a result, increase in pressure loss can be suppressed.
Abstract
An exhaust sound controlling method including reducing a flow rate of exhaust gas that passes through an exhaust path, to a first flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a first engine speed region, and increasing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a second flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a second engine speed region higher in engine speed than the first engine speed region. An exhaust sound controlling apparatus including a baffle plate and a valve that is operated to open a communication passage that communicates upstream and downstream sides of the baffle plate in an engine starting region, close the communication passage in an idling region and a low engine speed region, and open the communication passage and increase an opening of the valve as the engine speed rises in a high engine speed region.
Description
- The present invention relates to method and apparatus for controlling engine exhaust sound that is emitted from an exhaust system of vehicles such as an automobile.
- There have been conventionally proposed engine exhaust sound controlling apparatuses for vehicles which reduce exhaust sound in high engine speed region as well as in low engine speed region while reducing exhaust loss in high engine speed region.
- Japanese Patent Application First Publication No. 8-109815 (corresponding to U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,614,699 and 5,739,483) indicates engine exhaust sound controlling apparatus for vehicles which includes a valve for conducting changeover of exhaust paths in response to exhaust pressure, a biasing member such as a spring which biases the valve in a closing direction of the valve against the exhaust pressure, and a spring constant changing member that reduces an increment of a reaction force of the biasing member when a rotational angle of the valve exceeds a predetermined value.
- Recently, it has been required to reduce back pressure and vary a level of exhaust sound in an exhaust system in response to a vehicle running state. Specifically, when a vehicle engine is started, the exhaust sound would be increased to create a powerful sound to be heard by a passenger of the vehicle. When the engine is operated in an idling region and a low engine speed region, i.e., a slow acceleration state, the exhaust sound would be reduced to ensure a silence within the interior of the vehicle. Further, when the engine is operated in a high engine speed region, i.e., a rapid acceleration state, the exhaust sound would be increased again to create a good acceleration sound to be heard by the passenger.
- However, in the apparatus of the conventional art as described above, when the engine is operated in the low engine speed region, the valve is kept in the closed state by the biasing member until a pressure in a muffler reaches a certain pressure value in order to ensure the silence within the interior of the vehicle. Further, in the conventional apparatus, the valve is kept closed even in the engine starting region. Thus, the conventional art shows the exhaust system that is constructed from a viewpoint of reducing the exhaust sound. Therefore, the apparatus of the conventional art fails to produce a powerful exhaust sound in the engine starting region.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for controlling exhaust sound which is capable of producing a powerful exhaust sound in an engine starting region and ensuring silence in the interior of the vehicle in a low engine speed region.
- In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path, the method comprising:
- a first control step of reducing a flow rate of exhaust gas that passes through the exhaust path, to a first flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a first engine speed region; and
- a second control step of increasing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a second flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a second engine speed region in which the engine speed is higher than that in the first engine speed region.
- In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path, the apparatus comprising:
- a baffle plate that is disposed within the exhaust path so as to block a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path, the baffle plate being formed with an aperture;
- a communication passage that communicates an upstream side of the baffle plate and a downstream side of the baffle plate with each other;
- a valve that is so disposed as to cover a part of the aperture of the baffle plate and operated to open and close the communication passage; and
- wherein the valve is operated to open the communication passage in an engine starting region, the valve is operated to close the communication passage in an idling region and a low engine speed region, and the valve is operated to open the communication passage and increase an opening of the valve as the engine speed rises in a high engine speed region.
- In a still further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path, the apparatus comprising:
- a baffle plate that is disposed within the exhaust path so as to block a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path, the baffle plate being formed with an aperture;
- a valve that is so disposed as to cover a part of the aperture of the baffle plate, the valve being rotationally moveable relative to the baffle plate so as to be apart from the baffle plate in a direction of the flow of exhaust gas,
- a biasing means for biasing the valve toward the baffle plate; and
- an enclosure member that extends from the baffle plate so as to be opposed to the outer periphery of the valve when the valve is moved relative to the baffle plate,
- wherein the valve has a contact position in which the valve is contacted with the baffle plate and covers the part of the aperture of the baffle plate, a small distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a first distance therebetween, an intermediate distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a second distance therebetween which is larger than the first distance, and a large distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a third distance therebetween which is larger than the first distance and the second distance, and
- wherein when the valve is placed in the contact position, the valve cooperates with the baffle plate to define an opening between the outer periphery of the valve and a periphery of the aperture of the baffle plate,
- when the valve is placed in the small distance position, the valve cooperates with the enclosure member to define a first clearance between the outer periphery of the valve and an opposing surface of the enclosure member that is opposed to the outer periphery of the valve,
- when the valve is placed in the intermediate distance position, at least a part of the outer periphery of the valve is substantially contacted with the opposing surface of the enclosure member, and
- when the valve is placed in the large distance position, the valve cooperates with the enclosure member to define a second clearance between the outer periphery of the valve and the opposing surface of the enclosure member, and the second clearance is increased as the third distance between the valve and the baffle plate becomes larger.
-
FIG. 1 is a front view of a valve structure for use in an exhaust sound control apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the valve structure, taken along line 2-2 ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of a valve of the valve structure ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a muffler to which the exhaust sound control apparatus of the embodiment is applied. -
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between engine speed and opening of the valve. -
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a flow rate of exhaust gas and a pressure forward of the valve. -
FIG. 7 is a front view of a modification of the valve structure shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the modified valve structure, taken along line 8-8 ofFIG. 7 . -
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the modified valve structure ofFIG. 7 . -
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a modification of the muffler shown inFIG. 4 . - Referring to
FIG. 1 toFIG. 3 , an exhaust sound controlling apparatus for vehicles, according to an embodiment of the present invention, now is explained. The exhaust sound controlling apparatus includes a valve structure shown inFIG. 1 andFIG. 2 . As shown inFIG. 1 andFIG. 2 , the valve structure includesvalve 2 that is disposed onbaffle plate 1.Baffle plate 1 is disposed within a muffler as explained later which is connected to a vehicle engine.Baffle plate 1 divides an interior of the muffler into a plurality of expansion chambers which constitute an exhaust path through which a flow of exhaust gas from the engine passes.Baffle plate 1 is so arranged as to block the flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path. -
Baffle plate 1 includes a generally rectangular-shaped aperture la as shown inFIG. 1 . Aperture la extends throughbaffle plate 1. Valve 2 is disposed on a downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 1 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas and so arranged as to cover a part ofaperture 1 a. Specifically, a pair ofsupports baffle plate 1 by a suitable fastening manner such as welding. Valveshaft 4 is supported at opposite end portions thereof bysupports valve shaft 4. - Valve 2 is rotationally moveable relative to
baffle plate 1 so as to be apart frombaffle plate 1 in a direction of the flow of exhaust gas. Valve 2 is operated to open and close a communication passage which allows fluid communication between an upstream side expansion chamber and a downstream side expansion chamber which are disposed on an upstream side and a downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path. - Specifically,
valve 2 is a generally rectangular-shaped plate member.Valve 2 includescurved end portion 2 a at one end thereof, a pair ofsupport portions 2 b disposed on opposite sides ofcurved end portion 2 a andplanar valve body 2 c connected withcurved end portion 2 a. Valve 2 has endperipheral surface 2 d and two side peripheral surfaces which are disposed on an outer periphery ofvalve body 2 c. Endperipheral surface 2 d is located at an opposite end ofvalve 2, namely, at a lower end ofvalve 2 when viewed inFIG. 2 . The side peripheral surfaces are opposed to each other in the axial direction ofvalve shaft 4 and joined with endperipheral surface 2 d.Curved end portion 2 a is raised up fromvalve body 2 c and formed into a curved shape.Support portions 2 b are spaced from each other in an axial direction ofvalve shaft 4 and located betweensupports Valve shaft 4 extends through shaft insertion holes ofsupport portions 2 b and is supported bysupport portions 2 b.Valve body 2 c serves as a closing member that comes into contact and non-contact withbaffle plate 1 so as close the part ofaperture 1 a. -
Curved end portion 2 a is so curved as to have a predetermined radius that extends from a central axis ofvalve shaft 4. An outer circumferential surface ofcurved end portion 2 a is opposed to baffleplate 1 and substantially in slide contact withbaffle plate 1 during the rotational movement ofvalve 2 aboutvalve shaft 4. -
Torsion spring 5 is mounted tovalve shaft 4 andbiases valve body 2 c ofvalve 2 towardbaffle plate 1. Whenvalve 2 is biased bytorsion spring 5 so as to be placed in a position shown inFIG. 2 ,valve body 2 c is contacted nearcurved end portion 2 a with a part ofbaffle plate 1 which is located along an upper periphery ofaperture 1 a. Thus, a planer upstream side surface ofvalve body 2 c is contacted with the downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 1 exclusive ofaperture 1 a. In other words, whenvalve 2 is urged to be in the position shown inFIG. 2 , the upstream side surface ofvalve body 2 c is aligned with the downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 1. -
Aperture 1 a is so configured as to be partially covered byvalve body 2 c ofvalve 2. Specifically,aperture 1 a extends in the axial direction ofvalve shaft 4 so as to have an opening width equal to or slightly smaller than a width ofvalve 2 as shown inFIG. 1 . As shown inFIG. 2 ,aperture 1 a also extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction ofvalve shaft 4 beyond endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2. A part ofaperture 1 a which is located on an outside of endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2, namely, on a lower side of endperipheral surface 2 d inFIG. 2 , serves as opening 10 through which an upstream side expansion chamber and a downstream side expansion chamber disposed on an upstream side and a downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path are communicated with each other whenvalve 2 is urged to be in the position shown inFIG. 2 . Specifically, whenvalve 2 is biased bytorsion spring 5 and placed in the position shown inFIG. 2 ,valve body 2 c is in contact withbaffle plate 1 andaperture 1 a is covered byvalve body 2 c except for opening 10.Opening 10 is disposed between endperipheral surface 2 d and an aperture forming rim ofbaffle plate 1 which defines a periphery of the rectangular-shaped aperture la.Opening 10 is always prevented from being covered byvalve body 2 c. - Valve guides 6, 7 and 8 serve as an enclosure member that extends from
baffle plate 1 so as to surround the outer periphery ofvalve 2. Valve guides 6, 7 and 8 cooperate withbaffle plate 1 andvalve 2 to define the communication passage that allows the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber disposed on the upstream side ofbaffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber disposed on the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1. - Specifically, side valve guides 6 and 7 are disposed on both sides of
valve 2 in an opposed and spaced relation thereto in the axial direction ofvalve shaft 4. Side valve guides 6 and 7 are formed into a plate shape and extend from the downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 1 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas, namely, in a rotational direction ofvalve 2, so as to be opposed to the side peripheral surfaces ofvalve 2 during the rotational movement ofvalve 2 aboutvalve shaft 4.End valve guide 8 is interposed between side valve guides 6 and 7 on the side of the other end ofvalve 2. -
End valve guide 8 is opposed to and spaced from endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction ofvalve shaft 4.End valve guide 8 uprightly extends from the downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 1 and has a predetermined height.End valve guide 8 extends along the bottom-linear part of the generally rectangular-shaped periphery ofaperture 1 a in the axial direction ofvalve shaft 4.End valve guide 8 hasclearance forming surface 8 a andcontact surface 8 b on a side ofvalve 2 andvalve shaft 4, namely, on an upper side ofend valve guide 8 inFIG. 1 andFIG. 2 . Specifically,clearance forming surface 8 a extends uprightly from the downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 1.Clearance forming surface 8 a cooperates with endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 to form the clearance therebetween whenvalve 2 is rotated aboutvalve shaft 4 and moved from the position shown inFIG. 2 in an opening direction thereof in whichvalve body 2 c moves apart frombaffle plate 1 to uncoveraperture 1 a.Contact surface 8 b is connected withupright surface 8 a through a step portion betweenclearance forming surface 8 a andcontact surface 8 b.Contact surface 8 b is so curved as to be approximately close to or contacted with endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 during a further rotational movement ofvalve 2 aboutvalve shaft 4 subsequent to passing through aboveclearance forming surface 8 a. Thus, endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 is approximately close to or in contact withcontact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8 whenvalve 2 is further rotated aboutvalve shaft 4 subsequent to passing through aboveclearance forming surface 8 a ofend valve guide 8. -
Valve 2 serves as a control valve that controls the flow of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust path. An operation ofvalve 2 is explained hereinafter with reference toFIG. 3 . As shown inFIG. 3 ,valve 2 is urged to be placed in position A by the biasing force oftorsion spring 5. In position A,valve body 2 c is in contact withbaffle plate 1, andaperture 1 a ofbaffle plate 1 is covered withvalve body 2 c except for opening 10 that is disposed on the outside of endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2. In position A, opening 10 is prevented from being covered withvalve body 2 c and there is a clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 andclearance forming surface 8 a ofend valve guide 8. That is, in position A,valve 2 is in a first open state in which there is no distance betweenvalve body 2 c and baffleplate 1 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas, namely, in the rotational direction ofvalve 2, and the expansion chambers on the upstream and downstream sides ofbaffle plate 1 are communicated with each other throughopening 10 and the clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d andclearance forming surface 8 a. - Next, as shown in
FIG. 3 , when an external force, i.e., an exhaust pressure, is applied tovalve 2 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas in whichvalve 2 moves apart frombaffle plate 1,valve 2 is rotated aboutvalve shaft 4 against the biasing force oftorsion spring 5 and moved from position A to a position immediately before position B. At this time, a distance betweenbaffle plate 1 andvalve body 2 c ofvalve 2 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas is relatively small and an amount of the rotational movement ofvalve 2, namely, an opening ofvalve 2, is relatively small. During the rotational movement ofvalve 2, there exists the clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 andclearance forming surface 8 a ofend valve guide 8. The fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber and the downstream side expansion chamber which are disposed on the upstream side and the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 can be maintained throughopening 10 and the clearance. Thus,valve 2 can be kept in the first open state whilevalve 2 is moved from position A to the position immediately before position B. - When the external force that is applied to
valve 2 in the opening direction is increased,valve 2 is further rotated aboutvalve shaft 4 against the biasing force oftorsion spring 5.Valve 2 is placed in position B and then moved from position B to position C. At this time, the rotation amount ofvalve 2 becomes intermediate and the distance betweenbaffle plate 1 andvalve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas becomes intermediate. During the rotational movement ofvalve 2 from position B to position C, at least a part of the outer periphery ofvalve 2, namely, endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2, is in substantially contact, namely, slide contact, withcontact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8. Therefore, the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side ofbaffle plate 1 can be prevented from being communicated with the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1. Thus, during the rotational movement ofvalve 2 from position B to position C,valve 2 is restrained from the first open state and kept in a closing state in which there is the intermediate distance betweenvalve body 2 c and baffleplate 1 in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas and the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber and the downstream side expansion chamber which are disposed on the upstream and downstream sides ofbaffle plate 1 can be substantially prevented. - When the external force is further increased,
valve 2 is further rotated aboutvalve shaft 4 against the biasing force oftorsion spring 5 and moved from position C in the opening direction to thereby be apart fromend valve guide 8. At this time, the rotation amount ofvalve 2 becomes large and the distance betweenbaffle plate 1 andvalve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas becomes large. Endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 is apart fromcontact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8, and there is generated a clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d andcontact surface 8 b. Therefore, the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side ofbaffle plate 1 can be communicated again with the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 through the clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d andcontact surface 8 b. Thus, whenvalve 2 is further rotationally moved from position C in the opening direction,valve 2 is in a second open state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber and the downstream side expansion chamber which are disposed on the upstream and downstream sides ofbaffle plate 1 can be re-established through the clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d andcontact surface 8 b. The clearance is increased as the distance betweenbaffle plate 1 andvalve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas becomes larger. Further, in the second open state ofvalve 2, the opening ofvalve 2 and the angular position ofvalve 2 with respect to baffleplate 1, varies in accordance with the rotation amount ofvalve 2 and the distance betweenbaffle plate 1 andvalve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas. That is, as the rotation amount ofvalve 2 and the distance betweenbaffle plate 1 andvalve body 2 c in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas increases, the opening ofvalve 2 becomes larger. -
Opening 10 and the clearance betweenbaffle plate 1,valve body 2 c and valve guides 6, 7 and 8 constitute the communication passage between the upstream side expansion chamber disposed on the upstream side ofbaffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber disposed on the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1. That is, the communication passage is formed by the aperture-forming rim ofbaffle plate 1, endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve body 2 c, opposed surfaces of side valve guides 6 and 7 opposed in the axial direction ofvalve shaft 4, andclearance forming surface 8 a andcontact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8. - Referring to
FIG. 4 , there is shownmuffler 20 to which the exhaust sound controlling apparatus of the embodiment is applied.FIG. 4 shows a sectional view ofmuffler 20, taken in a direction of the flow of exhaust gas that passes throughmuffler 20.Muffler 20 may have a generally elliptic-shape in cross-section taken in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the flow of exhaust gas. As shown inFIG. 4 ,baffle plate 21 is disposed withinmuffler 20 so as to divide an interior ofmuffler 20 into two expansion chambers adjacent to each other, namely,first expansion chamber 22 andsecond expansion chamber 23 which are located on the left side and the right side ofFIG. 4 , respectively.First expansion chamber 22 andsecond expansion chamber 23 are thus separated from each other bybaffle plate 21. -
Inlet tube 24 extends intosecond expansion chamber 23 through an upstream end wall ofmuffler 20,first expansion chamber 22 andbaffle plate 21.Inlet tube 24 has one end that outwardly projects from the upstream end wall ofmuffler 20 and is connected to the engine through an exhaust pipe, not shown.Inlet tube 24 has the other end that is opened withinsecond expansion chamber 23.Inlet tube 24 serves as a first communication tube that communicatessecond expansion chamber 23 with the engine.Inlet tube 24 introduces the exhaust gas from the engine intosecond expansion chamber 23. Pass-throughtube 25 extends throughbaffle plate 21 and communicatesfirst expansion chamber 22 andsecond expansion chamber 23 with each other. Pass-throughtube 25 has one end that is opened withinsecond expansion chamber 23 and the other end that is opened withinfirst expansion chamber 22.Tail tube 26 extends fromfirst expansion chamber 22 to an outside ofmuffler 20 throughbaffle plate 21,second expansion chamber 23 and a downstream end wall ofmuffler 20.Tail tube 26 has one end that is opened withinfirst expansion chamber 22 and the other end that outwardly projects from the downstream end wall ofmuffler 20 and is exposed to atmospheric air.Tail tube 26 serves as a second communication tube that communicatesfirst expansion chamber 22 with atmospheric air.First expansion chamber 22 andsecond expansion chamber 23 are larger in cross-sectional area thaninlet tube 24, pass-throughtube 25 andtail tube 26. -
Baffle plate 21 has generally rectangular-shapedaperture 21 a that is disposed parallel with pass-throughtube 25. The valve structure described above with reference toFIG. 1 toFIG. 3 is provided onbaffle plate 21 on a side offirst expansion chamber 22. That is,valve 2 is arranged on a downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 21 which is exposed tofirst expansion chamber 22, such thatvalve body 2 c coversaperture 21 a except for opening 10.Valve 2, valve guides 6, 7 and 8 and baffleplate 21 cooperate with each other to define a communication passage that allows fluid communication betweenfirst expansion chamber 22 andsecond expansion chamber 23 in parallel with pass-throughtube 25. The communication passage includesopening 10 that is disposed between endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 and the aperture-forming rim ofbaffle plate 21 which defines the periphery ofaperture 21 a. The communication passage further includes the clearance that is formed betweenvalve 2 and valve guides 6, 7 and 8 upon rotation ofvalve 2 aboutvalve shaft 4. In the construction ofmuffler 20, the exhaust path extends throughinlet tube 24, pass-throughtube 25,tail tube 26,first expansion chamber 22,second expansion chamber 23 and the communication passage betweenfirst expansion chamber 22 andsecond expansion chamber 23. - In thus constructed
muffler 20, exhaust sound generated from the engine is controlled in accordance with an operating condition of the engine. The exhaust sound is emitted to atmospheric air via a first route, a second route or both of the first and second routes in accordance with the engine operating condition. The first route is indicated by arrow A inFIG. 4 and the second route is indicated by arrow B inFIG. 4 . The first route extends sequentially throughinlet tube 24,second expansion chamber 23, pass-throughtube 25,first expansion chamber 22 andtail tube 26. The second route extends sequentially throughinlet tube 24, the communication passage betweenvalve 2 and valve guides 6, 7 and 8,first expansion chamber 22 andtail tube 26. The second route thus bypasses pass-throughtube 25. - Specifically, in an engine starting region in which a flow of exhaust gas from the engine starts at zero and increases, the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted from
tail tube 26 to atmospheric air via the first route indicated by arrow A inFIG. 4 . Further, in the engine starting region,valve 2 is rotationally moved from position A to the position immediately before position B as shown inFIG. 3 . At this time,valve 2 is placed in the first open state in whichsecond expansion chamber 23 is communicated withfirst expansion chamber 22 through the communication passage therebetween, namely, throughopening 10 and the clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 andclearance forming surface 8 a ofend valve guide 8. In this condition, the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted fromtail tube 26 to atmospheric air via the second route in addition to the first route. Since the emission of the exhaust sound is performed via both the first route and the second route, the exhaust sound that is generated in the engine starting region can be enhanced as compared to the conventional exhaust sound controlling apparatus. - Further, when the engine speed is raised up to a predetermined engine speed which is in the idling region,
valve 2 is rotationally moved to position B shown inFIG. 3 due to an increase in an exhaust pressure immediately forward ofvalve 2, namely, an exhaust pressure withinsecond expansion chamber 23, which is hereinafter referred to as a valve-forward pressure.Valve 2 is placed in the closing state in which endperipheral surface 2 d is substantially contacted withcontact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8. In the closing state ofvalve 2, the opening ofvalve 2 and the sectional area of the communication passage are approximately zero. The exhaust sound from the engine is emitted to atmospheric air substantially only via the first route. As a result, the exhaust sound can be reduced. - When the engine speed is raised up to the low engine speed region in which the engine speed is higher than in the idling region, namely, when the engine is operated in a slow acceleration state, and the engine is maintained in the low engine speed region, the valve-forward pressure is further increased with the engine speed raise. Due to the increase in the valve-forward pressure,
valve 2 is rotationally moved from position B to position C shown inFIG. 3 . During the rotational movement from position B to position C,valve 2 is kept in the closing state. Therefore, the emission of the exhaust sound substantially only via the first route is maintained so that the exhaust sound can be reduced. - When the engine speed is further raised up to a high engine speed region in which the engine speed is higher than in the low engine speed region, namely, when the engine is operated in a rapid acceleration state, the valve-forward pressure is further increased due to an increase in the flow of exhaust gas from the engine.
Valve 2 is further rotationally moved away from position C and placed in the second open state. In the second open state, endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve 2 becomes out of contact withcontact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8 so that there is generated a clearance therebetween. Therefore, the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted fromtail tube 26 to atmospheric air via both the first route and the second route. Thus, even when the flow of exhaust gas is increased, increase in pressure loss can be suppressed to thereby enhance the engine output in the high engine speed region. - Referring
FIG. 5 , there is shown a relationship between the engine speed and the opening ofvalve 2. As shown inFIG. 5 , when the engine speed is in the engine starting region,valve 2 is placed in the first open state described above. Further, when the engine speed is increased to be in the idling region or the low engine speed region,valve 2 is brought into the closing state. When the engine speed reaches the high engine speed region,valve 2 is brought into the second open state as described above. - That is, in the exhaust sound controlling apparatus of the present invention,
valve 2 is constructed to be operated corresponding to the engine speed. The spring force (spring constant) oftorsion spring 5, the opening ofvalve 2 and the opening area ofaperture valve 2 corresponding to the engine speed as described above. Alternatively, the valve-forward pressure (the exhaust pressure in second expansion chamber 23) may be suitably set to operatevalve 2 corresponding to the engine speed. -
FIG. 6 shows a relationship between the valve-forward pressure and the flow rate of exhaust gas. As shown inFIG. 6 , the valve-forward pressure varies depending upon the flow rate of exhaust gas. Further, as shown inFIG. 6 , as the engine speed becomes higher, the flow rate of exhaust gas is increased in the order of the idling region, the low engine speed region and the high engine speed region. - On the basis of the relationships as explained above, the construction of the exhaust sound controlling apparatus of the present invention is appropriately designed. For instance, the spring constant (the biasing force) of
torsion spring 5 can be set such thatvalve 2 is rotationally moveable from position A to the position immediately before position B against the valve-forward pressure in the engine starting region,valve 2 is rotationally moveable from position B to position C against the valve-forward pressure in the idling region and the low engine speed region, andvalve 2 is rotationally moveable beyond and away from position C in the high engine speed region, as shown inFIG. 3 . - Owing to suitably setting the spring constant of
torsion spring 5 as described above, the rotational movement ofvalve 2 from position B and position C can be ensured even when the flow of exhaust gas pulses in the idling region and the low engine speed region and the rotational movement ofvalve 2 pulses along with the pulse of the flow of exhaust gas.Valve 2, therefore, can be prevented from coming into contact withbaffle plate valve 2 withbaffle plate - The exhaust sound controlling apparatus of the embodiment can perform the following function and effect. In the engine starting region,
valve 2 is placed in the first open state in which exhaust gas emitted from the engine is permitted to pass through the communication passage in the second route B and thereby flow in the exhaust path via both the first route A and the second route B as shown inFIG. 4 . As a result, powerful exhaust sound can be created. In the idling region and the low engine speed region,valve 2 is placed in the closing state in which the flow of exhaust gas is prevented from passing through the communication passage in the second route B and thereby allowed to flow in the exhaust path substantially only via the first route A. As a result, a silence within the interior of the vehicle can be ensured. In the high engine speed region,valve 2 is placed in the second open state in which the flow of exhaust gas is permitted to pass through the communication passage in the second route B and thereby flow in the exhaust path via both the first route A and the second route B, and the opening ofvalve 2 is increased as the engine speed becomes higher. Therefore, in the high engine speed region, even when an amount of the flow of exhaust gas is increased, increase in pressure loss can be suppressed. - Further, with the provision of the simple valve structure as described above, the exhaust sound control can be suitably performed depending on the engine speed as explained above. Further, the exhaust sound can be controlled by setting the spring constant (the biasing force) of
torsion spring 5 as explained above. - Furthermore,
curved end portion 2 a ofvalve 2 serves as a gas leakage inhibiting portion that prevents the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound from leaking fromcurved end portion 2 a toward the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 during the rotational movement ofvalve 2.Valve 2 is supported atcurved end portion 2 a relative to baffleplate 1, and the outer circumferential surface ofcurved end portion 2 a is substantially in contact (slide contact) withbaffle plate 1 during the rotational movement ofvalve 2. Therefore, whilevalve 2 is rotationally moved, the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound can be prevented from leaking fromcurved end portion 2 a toward the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1. - Referring to
FIG. 7 toFIG. 9 , a modification of the valve structure used in the exhaust sound controlling apparatus of the embodiment is explained. Similar to the valve structure as described above, the modified valve structure is constructed to prevent the exhaust gas from leaking from the support portion ofvalve 102 with respect to baffleplate 1. As shown inFIG. 7 andFIG. 8 ,valve 102 is a generally rectangular-shaped plate member and differs fromvalve 2 used in the embodiment in that a curved end portion is not formed.Valve 102 includesplanar valve body 2 c with oneend portion 2 e, and a pair ofsupport portions 2 b disposed on opposite sides of oneend portion 2 e.Valve shaft 4 extends through shaft insertion holes ofsupport portions 2 b and is supported bysupport portions 2 b. Each ofsupport portions 2 b has an extension that extends around the shaft insertion hole, and is connected at the extension with oneend portion 2 e. - Gas
leakage inhibiting member 11 is disposed on the downstream side surface ofbaffle plate 1 and located on a side of oneend portion 2 e ofvalve body 2 c. Gasleakage inhibiting member 11 extends parallel tovalve shaft 4 or oneend portion 2 e ofvalve body 2 c, namely, an upper end periphery ofvalve 102 when viewed inFIG. 7 andFIG. 8 . Gasleakage inhibiting member 11 is a bar member that has a generally L-shape in cross-section as shown inFIG. 8 . Gasleakage inhibiting member 11 has onestrip portion 11 a that is mounted to baffleplate 1 and theother strip portion 11 b that is disposed uprightly with respect to baffleplate 1. Specifically, theother strip portion 11 b is inclined towardaperture 1 a ofbaffle plate 1. - As shown in
FIG. 9 , whenvalve 102 is rotationally moved aboutvalve shaft 4, a tip end of oneend portion 2 e ofvalve 102 is moved so as to draw a part of a circle that has a center on the axis ofvalve shaft 4. At this time, the tip end of oneend portion 2 e is moved on an outer surface of theother strip portion 11 b of gasleakage inhibiting member 11 in contact with the outer surface of theother strip portion 11 b. - During the rotational movement of
valve 102, the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound can be prevented from leaking from oneend portion 2 e ofvalve 102 at whichvalve 102 is supported relative to baffleplate 1 through gasleakage inhibiting member 11, toward the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1. In view of this effect of gas leakage prevention, it is preferred that theother strip portion 11 b of gasleakage inhibiting member 11 is curved in conformity with a locus of the tip end of oneend portion 2 e ofvalve 102 which is drawn during the rotational movement ofvalve 102. -
Valve 102 has the same operating positions and operating states as those ofvalve 2 as shown inFIG. 3 . That is, in the engine starting region,valve 102 is moveable from position A to a position immediately before position B as shown inFIG. 9 . At this time,valve 102 is in the first open state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side ofbaffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 through the communication passage therebetween is established. In the idling region and the low engine speed region,valve 102 is moved from position B to position C as shown inFIG. 9 . At this time,valve 102 is in the closing state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side ofbaffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 through the communication passage therebetween is blocked. In the high engine speed region,valve 102 is moved away from position C in the opening direction. At this time,valve 102 is in the second open state in which the fluid communication between the upstream side expansion chamber on the upstream side ofbaffle plate 1 and the downstream side expansion chamber on the downstream side ofbaffle plate 1 through the communication passage therebetween is re-established. - Referring to
FIG. 10 , a modification ofmuffler 20 shown inFIG. 4 is explained. As shown inFIG. 10 , modifiedmuffler 40 includesfirst baffle plate 41 andsecond baffle plate 42 that extend withinmuffler 40 in a cross-sectional direction ofmuffler 40, namely, in a direction perpendicular to the flow of exhaust gas that passes throughmuffler 40.Baffle plates muffler 40 so as to divide the interior ofmuffler 40 into three expansion chambers adjacent to each other, namely,first expansion chamber 43,second expansion chamber 44 andthird expansion chamber 45, which are located from the left side to the right side ofmuffler 40 in this order.First expansion chamber 43 andsecond expansion chamber 44 are separated from each other bybaffle plate 41.Second expansion chamber 44 andthird expansion chamber 45 are separated from each other bybaffle plate 42.Second expansion chamber 44 is disposed betweenfirst expansion chamber 43 andthird expansion chamber 45. -
Inlet tube 46 extends intosecond expansion chamber 44 through an upstream end wall ofmuffler 40,first expansion chamber 43 andfirst baffle plate 41.Inlet tube 46 has one end that outwardly projects from the upstream end wall ofmuffler 40 and is connected to the engine through an exhaust pipe, not shown.Inlet tube 46 has the other end that is opened withinsecond expansion chamber 44.Inlet tube 46 introduces the exhaust gas from the engine intosecond expansion chamber 44. - First pass-through
tube 47 is disposed withinmuffler 40 coaxially withinlet tube 46. First pass-throughtube 47 extends fromsecond expansion chamber 44 intothird expansion chamber 45 throughsecond baffle plate 42 and communicatessecond expansion chamber 44 andthird expansion chamber 45 with each other. First pass-throughtube 47 has one end that is opened withinsecond expansion chamber 44 and the other end that is opened withinthird expansion chamber 45 with each other. Second pass-throughtube 48 extends throughsecond baffle plate 42 in parallel with first pass-throughtube 47. Second pass-throughtube 48 has one end that is opened withinthird expansion chamber 45 and the other end that is connected with one side surface offirst baffle plate 41 which is exposed tosecond expansion chamber 44. -
First baffle plate 41 has generally rectangular-shapedaperture 41 a. Second pass-throughtube 48 is disposed coaxially withaperture 41 a so as to communicatethird expansion chamber 45 withaperture 41 a.Third expansion chamber 45 andfirst expansion chamber 43 are communicated with each other throughaperture 41 a and second pass-throughtube 48. The valve structure shown inFIG. 1 toFIG. 3 or the modified valve structure shown inFIG. 7 toFIG. 9 is provided on an opposite side surface offirst baffle plate 41 which is exposed tofirst expansion chamber 43. That is,valve first baffle plate 41, namely, on a downstream side surface offirst baffle plate 41 with respect to the flow of exhaust gas passing through second pass-throughtube 48, such thatvalve body 2 c coversaperture 41 a except for opening 10.Valve first baffle plate 41 cooperate with each other to define a communication passage that allows fluid communication betweenfirst expansion chamber 43 andthird expansion chamber 45 through second pass-throughtube 48. The communication passage includesopening 10 that is disposed between endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve first baffle plate 41 which defines the periphery ofaperture 41 a. The communication passage further includes the clearance that is formed betweenvalve valve valve shaft 4. -
First tail tube 49 extends fromfirst expansion chamber 43 to an outside ofmuffler 40 throughfirst baffle plate 41,second baffle plate 42,second expansion chamber 44,third expansion chamber 45 and a downstream end wall ofmuffler 40.First tail tube 49 has one end that is opened withinfirst expansion chamber 43 and the other end that outwardly projects from the downstream end wall ofmuffler 40 and is exposed to atmospheric air.Second tail tube 50 extends fromsecond expansion chamber 44 to the outside ofmuffler 40 throughsecond baffle plate 42,third expansion chamber 45 and the downstream end wall ofmuffler 40.Second tail tube 50 has one end that is opened withinsecond expansion chamber 44 and the other end that outwardly projects from the downstream end wall ofmuffler 40 and is exposed to atmospheric air. Each ofexpansion chambers inlet tube 46, pass-throughtubes tail tubes muffler 40, the exhaust path extends throughfirst inlet tube 46,second expansion chamber 44,second tail tube 50, first pass-throughtube 47,third expansion chamber 45, second pass-throughtube 48,first expansion chamber 43,first tail tube 49 and the communication passage betweenfirst expansion chamber 43 andthird expansion chamber 45. - In thus constructed
muffler 40, exhaust sound generated from the engine is controlled depending on an operating condition of the engine. The exhaust sound is emitted to atmospheric air via a first route indicated by arrow A inFIG. 10 , a second route indicated by arrow B inFIG. 10 or both the first route and the second route in accordance with the engine operating condition. The first route extends sequentially throughinlet tube 46,second expansion chamber 44 andsecond tail tube 50. The second route extends sequentially throughinlet tube 46,second expansion chamber 44, first pass-throughtube 47,third expansion chamber 45, second pass-throughtube 48, the communication passage betweenvalve first expansion chamber 43 andfirst tail tube 49. The second route bypassessecond tail tube 50. - Specifically, in the engine starting region, the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted from
second tail tube 50 to atmospheric air via the first route indicated by arrow A inFIG. 10 . Further, in the engine starting region,valve FIG. 9 . At this time,valve passage including opening 10 and the clearance between endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve clearance forming surface 8 a ofend valve guide 8 is opened so that the second route indicated by arrow B inFIG. 10 is permitted. Therefore, exhaust sound from the engine is also emitted fromfirst tail tube 49 to atmospheric air via the second route. Since the emission of the exhaust sound is thus performed via both the first route and the second route, the exhaust sound in the engine starting region can be enhanced as compared to the conventional exhaust sound controlling apparatus. - Further, when the engine speed is raised up to the idling region,
valve FIG. 9 due to an increase in the valve-forward pressure.Valve peripheral surface 2 d is substantially contacted withcontact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8. Therefore, the exhaust sound from the engine is prevented from being emitted fromtail tube 49 to atmospheric air via the second route indicated by arrow B inFIG. 10 and can be emitted fromtail tube 50 to atmospheric air substantially only via the first route indicated by arrow A inFIG. 10 . As a result, the exhaust sound that is emitted frommuffler 40 to atmospheric air can be reduced. - When the engine speed is further raised up to the low engine speed region and maintained in the low engine speed region, the valve-forward pressure is further increased with raising of the engine speed. Due to the increase in the valve-forward pressure,
valve FIG. 9 . During the rotational movement from position B to position C,valve FIG. 10 is maintained so that the exhaust sound from the engine can be kept reduced. - Further, when the engine speed is raised up to the high engine speed region, the valve-forward pressure is further increased due to an increase in the flow of exhaust gas from the engine.
Valve FIG. 9 and placed in the second open state. In the second open state, endperipheral surface 2 d ofvalve contact surface 8 b ofend valve guide 8 and there is generated a clearance therebetween. Therefore, the exhaust sound from the engine is emitted from bothtail tubes FIG. 10 and the second route indicated by arrow B inFIG. 10 . Thus, in the high engine speed region, even when the flow of exhaust gas is increased, increase in pressure loss can be suppressed to thereby enhance the engine output. - Next, a method for controlling exhaust sound from the engine which is emitted through the exhaust path, of the embodiment is explained. The method includes a first control step of reducing a flow rate of exhaust gas that passes through the exhaust path, to a first flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a first engine speed region, and a second control step of increasing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a second flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a second engine speed region in which the engine speed is higher than the engine speed in the first engine speed region. The method further includes a third control step of reducing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a third flow rate that is lower than the first flow rate and the second flow rate in a third engine speed region between the first engine speed region and the second engine speed region. The engine speed in the first engine speed region includes an engine speed in an engine starting region. The engine speed in the second engine speed region includes an engine speed in a high engine speed region. The engine speed in the third engine speed region includes an engine speed in an idling region and an engine speed in a low engine speed region.
- The method for controlling exhaust sound can perform the following effects. In the engine starting region, exhaust gas emitted from the engine is permitted to pass through the exhaust path so that powerful exhaust sound can be created. In the idling region and the low engine speed region, the flow of exhaust gas is reduced so that a silence within the interior of the vehicle can be ensured. In the high engine speed region, the flow of exhaust gas is permitted to pass through the exhaust path and the flow rate of exhaust gas is increased as the engine speed becomes higher. As a result, increase in pressure loss can be suppressed.
- This application is based on prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-098526 filed on Apr. 4, 2007. The entire contents of the Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-098526 are hereby incorporated by reference.
- Although the invention has been described above by reference to a certain embodiment of the invention and modifications of the embodiment, the invention is not limited to the embodiment and the modifications described above. Variations of the embodiment and the modifications described above will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. The scope of the invention is defined with reference to the following claims.
Claims (15)
1. A method for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path, the method comprising:
a first control step of reducing a flow rate of exhaust gas that passes through the exhaust path, to a first flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a first engine speed region; and
a second control step of increasing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a second flow rate in accordance with increase in engine speed in a second engine speed region in which the engine speed is higher than that in the first engine speed region.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a third control step of reducing the flow rate of exhaust gas to a third flow rate that is lower than the first flow rate and the second flow rate in a third engine speed region between the first engine speed region and the second engine speed region.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the engine speed in the first engine speed region comprises an engine speed in an engine starting region.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the engine speed in the second engine speed region comprises an engine speed in a high engine speed region.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the engine speed in the third engine speed region comprises an engine speed in an idling region.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the engine speed in the third engine speed region comprises an engine speed in a low engine speed region.
7. An apparatus for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path, the apparatus comprising:
a baffle plate that is disposed within the exhaust path so as to block a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path, the baffle plate being formed with an aperture;
a communication passage that communicates an upstream side of the baffle plate and a downstream side of the baffle plate with each other;
a valve that is so disposed as to cover a part of the aperture of the baffle plate and operated to open and close the communication passage; and
wherein the valve is operated to open the communication passage in an engine starting region, the valve is operated to close the communication passage in an idling region and a low engine speed region, and the valve is operated to open the communication passage and increase an opening of the valve as the engine speed rises in a high engine speed region.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising a means for cooperating with the valve to define the communication passage during the rotational movement of the valve.
9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7 , further comprising a biasing means for biasing the valve toward the baffle plate.
10. An apparatus for controlling exhaust sound from an engine which is emitted through an exhaust path, the apparatus comprising:
a baffle plate that is disposed within the exhaust path so as to block a flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust path, the baffle plate being formed with an aperture;
a valve that is so disposed as to cover a part of the aperture of the baffle plate, the valve being rotationally moveable relative to the baffle plate so as to be apart from the baffle plate in a direction of the flow of exhaust gas,
a biasing means for biasing the valve toward the baffle plate; and
an enclosure member that extends from the baffle plate so as to be opposed to the outer periphery of the valve when the valve is moved relative to the baffle plate,
wherein the valve has a contact position in which the valve is contacted with the baffle plate and covers the part of the aperture of the baffle plate, a small distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a first distance therebetween, an intermediate distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a second distance therebetween which is larger than the first distance, and a large distance position in which the valve is apart from the baffle plate in the direction of the flow of exhaust gas with a third distance therebetween which is larger than the first distance and the second distance, and
wherein when the valve is placed in the contact position, the valve cooperates with the baffle plate to define an opening between the outer periphery of the valve and a periphery of the aperture of the baffle plate,
when the valve is placed in the small distance position, the valve cooperates with the enclosure member to define a first clearance between the outer periphery of the valve and an opposing surface of the enclosure member that is opposed to the outer periphery of the valve,
when the valve is placed in the intermediate distance position, at least a part of the outer periphery of the valve is substantially contacted with the opposing surface of the enclosure member, and
when the valve is placed in the large distance position, the valve cooperates with the enclosure member to define a second clearance between the outer periphery of the valve and the opposing surface of the enclosure member, and the second clearance is increased as the third distance between the valve and the baffle plate becomes larger.
11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the biasing means has a biasing force that acts on the valve against a pressure of the exhaust gas that flows in the exhaust path, the biasing force urges the valve to move to the small distance position in an engine starting region, the biasing force urges the valve to move to the intermediate distance position in an idling region and a low engine speed region, and the biasing force urges the valve to move to the large distance position in a high engine speed region.
12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the valve comprises a gas leakage inhibiting portion that prevents the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound from leaking from a support portion of the valve at which the valve is supported relative to the baffle plate, toward a downstream side of the baffle plate during the rotational movement of the valve.
13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising a gas leakage inhibiting member that prevents the exhaust gas and the exhaust sound from leaking from a support portion of the valve at which the valve is supported relative to the baffle plate, toward a downstream side of the baffle plate during the rotational movement of the valve.
14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising a first expansion chamber, a second expansion chamber that are separated from the first expansion chamber by the baffle plate, a first communication tube having one end that is connected to the engine and the other end that is opened within the second expansion chamber, a second communication tube having one end that is exposed to atmospheric air and the other end that is opened within the first expansion chamber, and a third communication tube that extends through the baffle plate and communicates the first expansion chamber and the second expansion chamber with each other, wherein the first and second expansion chambers are larger in sectional area than the first, second and third communication tubes.
15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising a first expansion chamber, a second expansion chamber that is separated from the first expansion chamber by the baffle plate, a third expansion chamber, a second baffle plate that separates the third expansion chamber and the second expansion chamber from each other, an inlet tube having one end that is connected to the engine and the other end that is opened within the second expansion chamber, a first tail tube having one end that is exposed to atmospheric air and the other end that is opened within the first expansion chamber, a second tail tube having one end that is exposed to atmospheric air and the other end that is opened within the second expansion chamber, a first pass-through tube that extends through the second baffle plate and communicates the second expansion chamber with the third expansion chamber, and a second pass-through tube that extends through the second baffle plate and communicates the third expansion chamber with the aperture of the baffle plate, wherein the first, second and third expansion chambers being larger in sectional area than the inlet tube, the first and second tail tubes and the first and second pass-through tubes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2007-098526 | 2007-04-04 | ||
JP2007098526A JP2008255879A (en) | 2007-04-04 | 2007-04-04 | Method for controlling exhaust sound for vehicle and device for controlling exhaust sound for vehicle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20080245605A1 true US20080245605A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
Family
ID=39500035
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/059,226 Abandoned US20080245605A1 (en) | 2007-04-04 | 2008-03-31 | Method and apparatus for controlling engine exhaust sound for vehicles |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US20080245605A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1978216A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008255879A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101280707A (en) |
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US20090229912A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2009-09-17 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Muffler |
CN102301100A (en) * | 2009-02-02 | 2011-12-28 | 排放控制技术有限公司 | Passive valve assembly with negative start angle |
KR101349600B1 (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-01-16 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Dynamic sporty exhaust sound device and operating method thereof |
US20140166392A1 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-19 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable valve apparatus and muffler provided with the same |
US20150136126A1 (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-21 | Chart Inc. | Dual Expansion Chamber With Internal Connecting Tube For Use With An Oxygen Concentrator |
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US20160084127A1 (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-03-24 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust muffler device for combustion engine |
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US20160376953A1 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2016-12-29 | Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Exhaust muffler |
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US10443479B2 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2019-10-15 | Roush Enterprises, Inc. | Exhaust control system |
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US20090229912A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2009-09-17 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Muffler |
US7753168B2 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2010-07-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Muffler |
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CN102301100A (en) * | 2009-02-02 | 2011-12-28 | 排放控制技术有限公司 | Passive valve assembly with negative start angle |
KR101349600B1 (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-01-16 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Dynamic sporty exhaust sound device and operating method thereof |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1978216A2 (en) | 2008-10-08 |
JP2008255879A (en) | 2008-10-23 |
CN101280707A (en) | 2008-10-08 |
EP1978216A3 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
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Legal Events
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Owner name: NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD., JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MAEDA, KAZUSHIGE;SASAKI, AKIRA;REEL/FRAME:020731/0441 Effective date: 20080318 |
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