US20080210732A1 - Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines - Google Patents
Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines Download PDFInfo
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- US20080210732A1 US20080210732A1 US12/119,807 US11980708A US2008210732A1 US 20080210732 A1 US20080210732 A1 US 20080210732A1 US 11980708 A US11980708 A US 11980708A US 2008210732 A1 US2008210732 A1 US 2008210732A1
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- United States
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- tape
- reel
- reader
- computer
- marks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/08—Monitoring manufacture of assemblages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/04—Mounting of components, e.g. of leadless components
- H05K13/0417—Feeding with belts or tapes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Operations Research (AREA)
- Supply And Installment Of Electrical Components (AREA)
Abstract
A system and method for determining when a component supply reel for an automated assembly machine is close to depletion. The supply reel tape has indications such as marks that can be optically or magnetically read by a reader through which the tape passes as it is fed into the automated assembly machine, such as a surface mount technology (SMT) pick and place machine. Or, an RF tag may be used. The reader activates a transmitter, which transmits a signal to a local computer. The computer generates a message such as an e-mail for a supply facility computer to notify a worker to deliver a replacement reel. The marks are provided at a desired location along the length of the tape. In another approach, a message is generated when depletion of the reel is detected by a switch.
Description
- This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/780,983, to Terry D. Rodgers, filed Feb. 18, 2004.
- 1. Field of Invention
- The invention relates generally to a method and system for determining when a component reel for an automated assembly machine is depleted, and for automatically notifying a supply facility that an additional component reel of the same type is needed.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- Manufacturers, such as those in the electronics industry, commonly use tape and reel supply of small discrete parts, such as electrical and mechanical components, for automatic pick and place assembly onto a printed circuit board (PCB) or other substrate. Electronics components such as integrated circuits, resistors, capacitors and the like may be delivered to a pick and place machine. Typically, the pick and place machine has a number of feeders which are arranged to deliver their components in parallel, where each feeder supports a tape reel carrying a different component. Moreover, the components may be carried by the tape in different ways. In one common approach, as illustrated in
FIG. 1 , aplastic carrier tape 100 is provided with successive embossments orpockets 110 at equal longitudinal intervals. Eachembossment 110 carries a separate component, not shown, and is covered by a continuous strip ortop cover tape 115. Thetape 100 is wound on areel 150. Alternatively, a paper carrier tape is punched to provide successive pockets. In another possible approach, the carrier tape includes holes that expose an underlying adhesive tape to which the electronic components are adhered. The pick and place machine separates thecontinuous strip 115 from thecarrier tape 100 and removes each component from its pocket. - In either case, the tape typically includes sprocket holes 120 (
FIG. 1 ) along one or both side edges to allow the tape to be fed by gears/sprockets. The pick and place machine places the component under precise computer control onto a given location on the PCB, which usually has solder paste applied at precise locations that temporarily holds the component in place until solder reflow. - Typically, a number of pick and place machines that are present in a production line may be periodically monitored by a production line worker. When a reel has been depleted, the associated machine stops running. When the production line worker notices this, he or she must obtain a replacement reel, such as by telephoning a nearby stock room worker. The production line worker notes the identifying information of the depleted reel, such as a stock number, and the identifying information of the machine, such as its location or other identifier, and relays the information to the stock room worker. The stock room worker locates the appropriate reel from inventory and has it delivered to the location of the machine at issue. This can take several minutes. This process is obviously inefficient and subject to miscommunication, e.g., in the conveying of the identifying information. Moreover, the manufacturing process is burdened with low efficiencies since the high-cost pick and place machines sit idle while exhausted component reel/feeders are replenished.
- To overcome these and other deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention describes a method and system for determining when a component reel for an automated assembly machine is depleted, and for automatically notifying a supply facility that an additional component reel is needed.
- In one approach, a wireless communication from a transmitter near the component reel is interfaced to a networked computer. An e-mail is automatically generated and sent to an inventory control worker, who pulls a replacement reel of the same type from stock and delivers it to the machine. This is all achieved prior to the existing reel becoming exhausted by the placement machine. The invention thus improves productivity and profitability for the manufacturer.
- In particular, one aspect of the invention provides an inventory management apparatus for an automated assembly machine that is fed components from a component reel, where the component reel comprises a tape having the components carried at periodic locations along the tape. The apparatus includes a reader for reading the tape, as the tape is fed to the automated assembly machine, to detect at least one indication on the tape, and a transmitter responsive to the reader for transmitting a signal when the at least one indication is detected by the reader.
- A corresponding inventory management method is also presented.
- Another aspect of the invention provides a component reel for an automated assembly machine that includes a tape having components carried at periodic locations along the tape, and at least one indication at a location on the tape at which a predetermined portion of the component reel has been depleted. The at least one indication is adapted to be detected by a reader as the tape is fed to the automated assembly machine.
- Another aspect of the invention provides an inventory management apparatus for an automated assembly machine that is fed components from a component reel. The apparatus includes first and second pinch rollers through which the tape travels as the tape is fed to the automated assembly machine. The first and second pinch rollers are arranged in an electrical circuit. Travel of the tape through the first and second pinch rollers prevents the first and second pinch rollers from contacting one another and closing the electrical circuit. When the tape no longer travels through the first and second pinch rollers, indicating that the component reel has been depleted, the first and second pinch rollers contact one another, thereby closing the electrical circuit. The apparatus also includes a switch in the electrical circuit for detecting when the electrical circuit is closed, and a transmitter responsive to the switch for transmitting a signal when the electrical circuit is closed.
- A corresponding method is also presented.
- These and other features, benefits and advantages of the present invention will become apparent by reference to the following text and figures, with like reference numbers referring to like structures across the views, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art supply reel; -
FIG. 2 illustrates a tape for a component supply reel with optically readable marks according to the invention; -
FIG. 3 illustrates a tape for a component supply reel with magnetically readable marks according to the invention; -
FIG. 4 illustrates a tape for a component supply reel with an optically readable bar code according to the invention; -
FIG. 5 illustrates a tape for a component supply reel with an RF tag according to the invention; -
FIG. 6 illustrates a system for signaling when a predetermined portion of a supply reel has been depleted; and -
FIG. 7 illustrates a system for signaling when a supply reel has been depleted. - The invention provides a system and method for automatically ordering replacement component reels for automated assembly machines when the reels have been depleted or are nearing depletion.
-
FIG. 2 illustrates atape 200 for a component supply reel with opticallyreadable marks - In one approach, a series of repeated lines of constant thickness can be used. In another possible approach, the marks are obtained by providing the tape with a contrasting shade along the entire width of the tape at a predetermined location on the
tape 200. Moreover, the same mark or pattern of marks can be repeated on the tape so that the marks are sure to be read by the reader. The marks can be provided along the centerline of the tape, or along one or both sides of the centerline, for instance. - When these marks are read, it can be concluded that a predetermined portion of the component supply reel has been depleted. The marks can be pre-positioned on the
tape 200 as desired. For example, it may be desired to signal when 80% of the component supply reel has been depleted. In this case, the marks are made at a location that is at 80% of the length of the tape. With use of the signaling mechanism described further below, this allows a certain amount of lead time for a new component supply reel to be delivered, such as from a supply facility, e.g., warehouse, in the same building as the production line or in a nearby building. In another possibility, different marks are provided at different locations on the tape to signal that a different portion of the component supply reel has been depleted. For example, first and second types of marks may be positioned at 80% and 90%, respectively, of the length of the tape. In this case, a first alert can signal that 80% of the component supply reel has been depleted, while a second, higher-priority alert signals that 90% of the component supply reel has been depleted. - The manufacturer of the tape or of the component supply reel may provide the marks on the tape. It is also possible to provide the marks after the tape has been wound onto the reel. For example, when the tape is made of paper or other absorbent material, a few drops of ink can be applied to the reel at a location near the inner diameter of the reel. With the reel positioned horizontally, the ink will be absorbed at periodic locations along the tape that correspond to the circumference of the reel at the location. The absorbed ink will form marks on the tape that can be optically detected.
- The marks may be provided using any suitable ink or other material that is compatible with the tape. Examples include ink jet printing, laser marking, laser printing, electrographic printing, flexographic printing, thermal transfer printing, thermal printing and electrographic printing.
- The EIA-481 standard is the SMT industry standard used by component manufacturers to package components into reels. It is suggested that this standard can be modified to accommodate the marking scheme proposed by the invention.
-
FIG. 3 illustrates atape 300 for a component supply reel with magneticallyreadable marks - The magnetic material can be bonded to the
tape 300 using adhesive, for instance, to provide themagnetic marks -
FIG. 4 illustrates atape 400 for a component supply reel with opticallyreadable bar codes bar codes -
FIG. 5 illustrates a tape for a component supply reel with anRF tag 550 according to the invention. TheRF tag 550 is an indication or indicium that can be adhered to thecarrier tape 500 using adhesive, for example. Radio frequency identification tags, also referred to as electronic bar codes or smart labels, are expected to become commonplace in inventory tracking applications. These types of tags include inductively coupled tags, which are powered by the magnetic field generated by a reader. The tag's antenna picks up the magnetic energy, and the tag communicates with the reader. The tag then modulates the magnetic field in order to retrieve and transmit data back to the reader. Data is transmitted back to the reader, which directs it to a host computer. This type of RF tag includes a silicon microprocessor, a metal coil antenna operating, e.g., at 13.56 MHz, and an encapsulating material such as glass or polymer material that wraps around the chip and coil. - Capacitively coupled RFID tags do not use a metal coil, but use a small amount of silicon to perform that same function as a inductively coupled tag. This type of tag includes a silicon microprocessor and a conductive carbon ink antenna. The silicon chip is attached to printed carbon-ink electrodes on the back of a paper label, creating a low-cost, disposable tag that can be integrated on conventional product labels. These tags are also more flexible than the inductively coupled tag. In contrast to the magnetic energy that powers the inductively coupled tag, capacitively coupled tags are powered by electric fields generated by a reader. One example is Motorola's BiStatix RFID tag, which has a range of about 1 cm. Generally, a tag should be used whose range is small enough so that the tag cannot be read until the tag is immediately next to the reader.
- The
RF tag 550 may encode information as discussed in connection with the bar code ofFIG. 4 . Generally, it is expected that RF tags will be able to carry a significantly greater amount of information than an equivalently sized bar code. -
FIG. 6 illustrates a system for signaling when a predetermined portion of a supply reel has been depleted. Thecomponent supply reel 600 supplies atape 610, which carries thecomponents 615, to theautomated assembly machine 630, such as an SMT pick and place machine, as discussed previously. Thetape 610 is shown being guided byexample rollers FIG. 6 is simplified to improve understanding. In practice, various other mechanisms, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, are used for advancing and guiding the tape, such as motors, gears, and the like. Moreover, typically there are several component supply reels fed into theautomated assembly machine 630 in parallel, e.g., at the same time. The techniques described herein can be applied to each component supply reel. - A
reader 620 is positioned to read the indications or indicia on the tape, such as the optical, magnetic or RF tag indications, as thetape 610 passes over theroller 625. Thereader 620 may be an optical, magnetic and/or RF reader. For example, an optical reader such as a bar code reader may be used to read an optical mark such as a bar code. A bar code reader or scanner scans a bar code symbol to capture the bars and spaces of the bar code. A decoder translates the bars and spaces into a corresponding electrical output, and transmits that data to a computer in a traditional data format. Different types of bar code readers include Laser Bar code Scanners, which use a laser beam as their light source, and typically employ either a reciprocating mirror or a rotating prism to scan the laser beam back and forth across the bar code. A photo diode is used to measure the intensity of the light reflected back from the bar code. Charge Couple Device (CCD) bar code scanners use an array of tiny light sensors lined up in a row in the head of the bar code reader. Voltage waveform corresponding to the bars and spaces of the bar code is generated and sent to a decoder, which decodes the data and sends it to a computer. A camera based bar code reader uses a small video camera to capture an image of a bar code. The bar code reader then uses digital image processing techniques to decode the bar code. Theoptical reader 620 can be configured according to the type of mark that is used to recognize the mark. - The
reader 620 may also be a magnetic reader for reading a magnetic mark or indicia. For example, a magnetic reader that operates similar to a cassette tape reader may be used. The reading head senses the magnetic marks on thetape 610 as thetape 610 passes the head. - An RF reader may be used to read an RF tag or indicium as discussed in connection with
FIG. 5 . An RF reader should be positioned so that it reads the RF tag only when the RF tag is very close to the reader. This can be achieved by selecting an RF tag with an appropriate range, and/or by shielding the reader from the RF tag until the RF tag is very close to the reader. Such readers are available from various suppliers. - Regardless of the reader type, the
tape 610 is guided using appropriate mechanisms so that it is at a suitable position with respect to thereader 620 to be read. - When the
reader 620 reads thetape 610, it activates atransmitter 635 to transmit a signal via a wireless or wired path. In one possibility, thetransmitter 635 is analogous to the type used in home security systems for transmitting an intruder alert from a window or door sensor to a control panel in a house or other structure. This type of transmitter transmits a signal that is encoded with an identifier of the transmitter, such as a serial number. - A
receiver 640 receives the signal. Depending on the strength of the transmission and other considerations, thereceiver 640 may be located, e.g., several feet or hundreds of feet from thetransmitter 635. For instance, thetransmitter 635 may use narrowband wireless RF signals at 345 MHz to provide a nominal indoor range of 200 feet. Any type of coding and modulation technique may be used. Thereceiver 640 is of a type that is compatible with thetransmitter 635. In the example shown, thereceiver 640 is assumed to be relatively close, e.g., several feet, to theautomated assembly machine 630 and thecomponent supply reel 600. Multiple component supply reels that feed the same automated assembly machine may use the same transmitter and receiver if the transmitter encodes its transmission with data that identifies a particular reel. In this case, the reader for each component supply reel can communicate with the same transmitter. When multiple automated assembly machines are located near one another, such as on a production line, the transmitter and receiver for each automated assembly machine may be configured to avoid interference, such as by using different frequencies. It is also possible to use a separate transmitter for each reel, and a common receiver, or a separate transmitter and receiver pair for each reel. - When the
receiver 640 receives the signal from thetransmitter 635, it notifies aproduction line computer 645. Thecomputer 645 is shown as being a production line computer, which means it is located on or near the production line and theautomated assembly machine 630. Thecomputer 645 may be a general-purpose computer such as a PC or workstation. The computer may be programmed to perform other tasks relating to theautomated assembly machine 630. One computer may be used for multiple automated assembly machines, or one computer may be associated with each automated assembly machine. Note that thereceiver 640 may be a peripheral or built-in component of theproduction line computer 645. For example, a Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11b) card may be used. - The
production line computer 645 is programmed to communicate a message when it learns that thereceiver 640 has received the signal from thetransmitter 635. For example, theproduction line computer 645 may communicate a message to acomputer 660 at a supply facility or warehouse via anetwork 650 such as a local area network (LAN). The LAN may be wired and/or wireless. The message may include a notification to supply theautomated assembly machine 630 with an additional component reel of the same type as thecomponent reel 600, which is nearing depletion. The message can be displayed on adisplay device 670 to notify a supply facility worker to take action by locating a new component supply reel of the correct type and having it delivered to the location of the automated assembly machine. The message communicated by theproduction line computer 645 can be of any type. For example, an e-mail or TCP/IP message may be used. A message can be conveyed by other means, as well, such as by pager, cell phone or radio. - The
production line computer 645 may be programmed with software that reacts to an input signal from thereceiver 640 by sending a message that contains information obtained from thereceiver 640. In one possible approach, the receiver provides the serial number of thetransmitter 635 to theproduction line computer 645. Theproduction line computer 645 accesses a pre-programmed database to correlate the serial number with data that identifies a specific component reel type. This identifying information is then included in the message to inform the supply facility worker of which type of reel is needed. Identifying information regarding the automated assembly machine, such as its location, can also be provided in the message to facilitate delivery. In another approach, theproduction line computer 645 combines the transmitter's address with the automated assembly machine's component part number, feeder position and machine module. Then, it automatically generates and transmits an e-mail ordering a replacement component reel. - When one transmitter is associated with multiple reels, the transmitter should encode information that identifies a particular reel in its transmitted signal. This information can then be conveyed by the
production line computer 645 to thesupply facility computer 660. It is also possible for the reel identifying information from the transmitter to be converted to a different, more useful format for communication in the message to thecomputer 660. For instance, the transmitter may only identify the partially depleted reel by its position relative to other reels, e.g., reel three of ten. In this case, theproduction line computer 645, when suitably programmed, can correlate the reel position with details of the reel type. These details can be forwarded to thesupply facility computer 660. Or, this correlation may occur at thesupply facility computer 660, with the additional input of an identifier of theproduction line computer 645, if needed. The identifier of theproduction line computer 645 may not be needed if all automated assembly machines in a production line are configured the same, at least with respect to the reels used. - As mentioned previously, the marks on the
reel 600 may encode information that identifies the reel type, in addition to indicating that thereel 600 is being depleted. For example, this information can be encoded in a bar code, RF tag, or magnetically encoded. This information can be conveyed without modification in substance from thetransmitter 635 to thereceiver 640 andproduction line computer 645, and then to thesupply facility computer 660. - Note that the
production line computer 645 may not be needed if the receiver can communicate directly with thesupply facility computer 660. This may be the case, e.g., if thereceiver 640 is located proximate to thesupply facility computer 660 but still within range of thetransmitter 635. Or, a wired or wireless path may be provided from thereceiver 640 to thesupply facility computer 660. In this case, thesupply facility computer 660 can perform the functions of theproduction line computer 645 discussed previously so that it provides the identifying information of the depleted reel on thedisplay 670 in response to the signal from thetransmitter 635. - Furthermore, a dedicated circuit such as an ASIC may be used in place of the production line computer and/or supply facility computer to convey a message to a supply facility. The message may be conveyed by pager, cell phone or radio, for instance.
- A local alarm, such as a light and buzzer, can be activated near the
automated assembly machine 630 to alert production line workers to the fact that thereel 600 is nearing depletion and to expect that a new reel will be delivered soon. - The system of
FIG. 7 illustrates a direct communication from a transmitter to the supply facility computer in a different context. However, many of the features ofFIG. 7 can be adapted for use in the system ofFIG. 6 . The system ofFIG. 7 can also use elements of the system ofFIG. 6 , where information is first transmitted to a production line computer, and from there to thesupply facility computer 660. -
FIG. 7 illustrates a system for signaling when a supply reel has been depleted. In this approach, a conventional tape can be used and there is no need for special markings on the tape or for a reader to read such markings. In one possible example approach, thetape 610 passes throughrollers 725 and 730, which are spring biased toward one another. For example, therollers 725 and 730 may be spring-loaded pinch rollers. Additionally, therollers 725 and 730 are made of an electrically conductive material such as metal, and are coupled in anelectrical circuit 734 that includes aswitch 732 so that when therollers 725 and 730 touch one another, theswitch circuit 732 is closed. This can be achieved in various ways that should be apparent to those skilled in the art. As thetape 610 is fed into theautomated assembly machine 630, the rollers 725 and 725 remain apart and electrically isolated from one another. However, once thereel 600 has been fully depleted, and the end of thetape 610 has been unwound from thereel 600 and exits therollers 725 and 730, thetape 610 no longer prevents therollers 725 and 730 from contacting one another. As a result, theelectrical circuit 734 is closed. When theswitch 732 closes, atransmitter 735 is activated to send a signal indicating that the reel has been depleted and that a new reel is needed. This signal may carry information as discussed previously in connection with thetransmitter 635 ofFIG. 6 . The transmitted signal is received by areceiver 740, which may be analogous to thereceiver 640, and provided to thesupply facility computer 660 to cause a message to be displayed on thedisplay 670, also as discussed in connection withFIG. 6 . - Moreover, although the system of
FIG. 7 detects the full depletion of thereel 600, some time will remain, such as a few minutes, depending on the speed of the tape and the distance from thereel 600 to the input of theautomated assembly machine 630, until the last component on the tape reaches the input of theautomated assembly machine 630. This may allow time for delivery of the replacement reel, or at least minimize waiting time. - Record keeping functions can also be performed by the
computers 645 and/or 660, such as to track the number and types of reels used in a given time period. - The invention has been described herein with reference to particular exemplary embodiments. Certain alterations and modifications may be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention. The exemplary embodiments are meant to be illustrative, not limiting of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A component reel for an automated assembly machine, comprising:
a tape having components carried at periodic locations along the tape;
at least one indication at a location on the tape at which a predetermined portion of the component reel has been depleted;
wherein the at least one indication is adapted to be detected by a reader as the tape is fed to the automated assembly machine.
2. The component reel of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one indication is optically-readable.
3. The component reel of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one indication is magnetically-readable.
4. The component reel of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one indication comprises an RF tag.
5. The component reel of claim 1 , wherein:
the components comprise components for a printed circuit board.
6. The component reel of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one indication encodes an identifier of a type of the component reel.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/119,807 US20080210732A1 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2008-05-13 | Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/780,983 US7389920B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2004-02-18 | Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines |
US12/119,807 US20080210732A1 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2008-05-13 | Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines |
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US10/780,983 Division US7389920B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2004-02-18 | Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines |
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US20080210732A1 true US20080210732A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
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US10/780,983 Expired - Fee Related US7389920B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2004-02-18 | Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines |
US12/119,807 Abandoned US20080210732A1 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2008-05-13 | Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines |
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US10/780,983 Expired - Fee Related US7389920B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2004-02-18 | Wireless inventory re-ordering system for surface mount technology pick and place assembly machines |
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2004
- 2004-02-18 US US10/780,983 patent/US7389920B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-05-13 US US12/119,807 patent/US20080210732A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (4)
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US20060109437A1 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-05-25 | Ki-Ho Kang | Photolithography system including control system to control photolithography apparatus and method of controlling the same |
US20070289956A1 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-20 | Andriy Knysh | Laser marking device and method |
WO2018118270A3 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-26 | Intel Corporation | Tape and reel restrainer design |
CN108839941A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-20 | 中山市新驰宇电子发展有限公司 | A kind of disc type resistance general assembly and its application method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050178811A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
US7389920B2 (en) | 2008-06-24 |
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Legal Events
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |