US20070161456A1 - Operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle - Google Patents
Operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- US20070161456A1 US20070161456A1 US11/648,977 US64897707A US2007161456A1 US 20070161456 A1 US20070161456 A1 US 20070161456A1 US 64897707 A US64897707 A US 64897707A US 2007161456 A1 US2007161456 A1 US 2007161456A1
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- engine
- generator motor
- cargo handling
- way clutch
- state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/46—Series type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
- B60L2200/42—Fork lift trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
- B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
- B60L2270/145—Structure borne vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60W2300/12—Trucks; Load vehicles
- B60W2300/121—Fork lift trucks, Clarks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/02—Clutches
- B60W2510/0208—Clutch engagement state, e.g. engaged or disengaged
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
- B60Y2200/15—Fork lift trucks, Industrial trucks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/60—Electric or hybrid propulsion means for production processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/946—Characterized by control of driveline clutch
Definitions
- the ECU 135 When the forklift 101 is to be moved, the ECU 135 causes the battery 115 to discharge through the inverter assembly 131 , supplying driving power to the traveling motor 121 . By driving the traveling motor 121 , the traveling unit 123 connected to the traveling motor 121 performs the moving operation.
Abstract
A two-way clutch is provided between an engine and a generator motor. Further, a battery and a cargo handling pump are provided. The generator motor is set to either a generator mode or an electric motor mode. When a cargo handling load (detected by a sensor) is small, the two-way clutch is set to a first state in which transmission of driving force from the engine to the generator motor is allowed and in which transmission of driving force in reverse is prevented. Further, when the engine is stopped or idled, the cargo handling pump is driven by the generator motor in the electric motor mode. When, during the above operation, the load increases to a level above a predetermined value, an increase in output of the generator motor and an increase in engine RPM are started, and when the engine RPM becomes equal to the RPM of the generator motor, which previously increased, the two-way clutch in the first state is connected, and the cargo handling pump is driven by the engine.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a so-called hybrid type operating apparatus provided in a working industrial vehicle.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- An example of a operating apparatus for an industrial vehicle of this type is disclosed in JP 2005-298163 A. According to the first embodiment of JP 2005-298163A (see
FIG. 1 ), there is disclosed a cargo handling apparatus for a cargo handling industrial vehicle having an engine, a generator motor, a clutch for connecting and disconnecting power between the engine and the generator motor, an electricity storage means, a cargo handling means (load to be driven), and a cargo handling load detecting means for detecting resistance load. The generator motor is set to either a generator mode in which a driving force of the engine is transmitted to the generator motor through the clutch to generate power and store the power in the electricity storage means, or an electric motor mode in which the generator motor is supplied with driving power from the electricity storage means to function as an electric motor. - In the above construction, when the load detected by the cargo handling load detecting means is small, the clutch is set to a disconnected state to stop or idle the engine, and the cargo handling means is driven by the generator motor in the electric motor mode to perform cargo handling operations. When, during the cargo handling operation, the cargo handling load detecting means detects an increase in load in excess of a predetermined value, an increase in engine RPM is started while increasing an output of the generator motor in the electric motor mode. When the engine RPM becomes equal to the RPM of the generator motor, the clutch is set to a connected state, and the driving force of the engine is transmitted to the cargo handling means to perform cargo handling operations.
- Further, according to the first embodiment of JP 2005-298163 A, the engine is started through cranking by the generator motor in the electric motor mode with the clutch in the connected state.
- According to the third embodiment of JP 2005-298163 A (see
FIG. 3 ), there is disclosed a construction in which the engine and the generator motor are connected to each other through the intermediation of a one-way clutch instead of the above-mentioned clutch. With this construction, when, during cargo handling operations, the cargo handling load detecting means detects an increase in load in excess of a predetermined value, an increase in the engine RPM is started while increasing the output of the generator motor in the electric motor mode. When the engine RPM becomes equal to the RPM of the generator motor, the one-way clutch is automatically connected, and the driving force of the engine is transmitted to the cargo handling means. - With this construction, there is no need to perform the clutch connection/disconnection control (inclusive of control for monitoring to check whether the engine RPM has become equal to the Rpm of the generator motor) required in the first embodiment described above, thereby achieving a simplification in electrical construction.
- However, with the construction of the third embodiment of JP 2005-298163 A, it is impossible to drive the engine by the generator motor because the one-way clutch is then set to the disconnected state. Thus, to start the engine, it is necessary to provide a dedicated starter motor, which means there is some room left for improvement (see the second and third sentences of paragraph [0063] of JP 2005-298163 A).
- The present invention has been made in view of the above problem in the prior art. It is an object of the present invention to make further use of a generator motor as a drive source while maintaining the simplicity in electrical construction of the clutch connection/disconnection control as in the third embodiment of JP 2005-298163 A.
- According to the present invention, there is provided an operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle, including: an engine; a generator motor; a two-way clutch provided between the engine and the generator motor; an electricity storage means, a load driven by at least one of the engine and the generator motor, and a working load detecting means for detecting the magnitude of a resistance load during operation.
- The generator motor is set to either a generator mode in which the driving force of the engine is transmitted to the generator motor through the two-way clutch to generate power and store the power in the electricity storage means, or an electric motor mode in which the generator motor is supplied with driving power from the electricity storage means to function as an electric motor. The two-way clutch allows switching between a first state in which the transmission of driving force from the engine to the generator motor is allowed and in which the transmission of driving force from the generator motor to the engine is prevented, and a second state in which the transmission of the driving force from the generator motor to the engine is allowed and in which the transmission of the driving force from the engine to the generator motor is prevented.
- The “increase in resistance load to a level above a predetermined value” includes a case in which the degree of rapidity in the increase in resistance load is higher than a predetermined degree of rapidity, and a case in which the resistance load itself is not less than a predetermined value. This applies to the following description.
- In the accompanying drawings:
-
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a forklift equipped with a cargo handling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2A is a partial sectional view showing a two-way clutch in a first state; -
FIG. 2B is a partial sectional view showing the two-way clutch in a second state; and -
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a forklift according to a modification. - Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a forklift equipped with a cargo handling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,FIG. 2A is a partial sectional view showing a two-way clutch in a first state, andFIG. 2B is a partial sectional view showing a the two-way clutch in a second state. -
FIG. 1 shows the general construction of a cargo handling apparatus (working device) 201 of aforklift 101 as a working industrial vehicle. Thecargo handling apparatus 201 is mainly composed of anengine 111, agenerator motor 113, a battery (electricity storage means) 115, acargo handling pump 117, acargo handling valve 119, afork 118, atraveling motor 121, atraveling unit 123, an inverter assembly 131, and an ECU (control means) 135. Thecargo handling pump 117, thefork 118, and thecargo handling valve 119 form a cargo handling means (working means). In this embodiment, thecargo handling pump 117 corresponds to a load driven by theengine 111 and thegenerator motor 113. - The driving of the
engine 111 is controlled based on a rotation control signal imparted to athrottle actuator 151 from the ECU 135 described below. A crankshaft (not shown) of the engine is coaxially connected with a drive shaft (not shown) of thegenerator motor 113 through the intermediation of a two-way clutch 112 for connection/disconnection of power. - The
generator motor 113 can be switched as appropriate between a generator mode in which thegenerator motor 113 is driven by theengine 111 to generate power and store the power in thebattery 115, and an electric motor mode in which thegenerator motor 113 is supplied with driving power from thebattery 115 to function as an electric motor. The switching control is effected based on a control command supplied from theECU 135 through the inverter assembly 131. - The
forklift 101 is equipped with sensors, etc., which include ashift position sensor 141, anaccelerator switch 142, anaccelerator position sensor 143, a cargohandling lever switch 144, a cargo handling lever position sensor (cargo handling load detecting means) 145, and anignition switch 146. Each of these sensors, etc. is electrically connected to theECU 135. - When the
generator motor 113 is in the generator mode, theengine 111 serves as the drive source for thegenerator motor 113 and thecargo handling pump 117 arranged coaxially therewith. On the other hand, when thegenerator motor 113 is in the electric motor mode, both theengine 111 and thegenerator motor 113, or thegenerator motor 113 alone serves as the drive source for thecargo handling pump 117. -
FIG. 2A is a schematic partial sectional view of a construction example of the two-way clutch 112, which is equipped with acam shaft 51 fixed to the crankshaft of theengine 111, an annularouter ring 52 arranged in the outer periphery of thecam shaft 51 and fixed to the drive shaft of thegenerator motor 113, a plurality ofrollers 53 arranged circumferentially between thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52, and aretainer 54 supporting therollers 53. The two-way clutch 112 is further equipped with an electromagnet (not shown). By switching between energization and non-energization of the electromagnet, the phase of theretainer 54 with respect to thecam shaft 51 is changed, whereby it is possible to change the positions of therollers 53 in what may be termed wedge-shaped spaces 56 described below. - The outer peripheral surface of the
cam shaft 51 is partially cut into flat surfaces to formcam surfaces 55. The portions corresponding to thecam surfaces 55 form the wedge-shaped spaces 56 between thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52. Each wedge-shaped space 56 is configured such that its width is maximum at the center in the circumferential direction while its width gradually diminishes toward both circumferential ends. In the wedge-shaped spaces 56, there are arranged therollers 53 supported by theretainer 54. - The width of the central portion in the circumferential direction of each wedge-
shaped space 56 is set somewhat larger than the outer diameter of therollers 53, so when therollers 53 are respectively situated at the circumferential centers of the wedge-shaped spaces 56, thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52 slip with respect to each other. When theretainer 54 is displaced to move eachroller 53 to either end of each wedge-shaped space 56, it is possible to jam therollers 53 in the wedge-shaped spaces 56. In this state, it is possible to transmit to theouter ring 52 the rotation of thecam shaft 51 in the direction in which the jamming is intensified (or to transmit to thecam shaft 51 the rotation of theouter ring 52 in the direction in which the jamming is intensified). - While
FIG. 2A and 2B only shows thecam surface 55, the wedge-shaped space 56, and oneroller 53, a plurality of similar structures are circumferentially arranged around thecam shaft 51, thereby forming the two-way clutch 112. - In the above-described two-
way clutch 112, in the state shown, for example, inFIG. 2A , therollers 53 are moved to the left through the intermediation of theretainer 54 to be jammed between thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52. When, in this state, theengine 111 is driven to rotate thecam shaft 51 in the direction of an arrow A, therollers 53 make a relative movement to the left-hand side inFIG. 2A , that is, in the direction in which the wedge-engagement, in which they are jammed between thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52, is further intensified. Thus, the above-mentioned rotation of thecam shaft 51 is transmitted to theouter ring 52 through therollers 53, thereby making it possible to drive the drive shaft of thegenerator motor 113 fixed to theouter ring 52 in the direction of an arrow B. - When, in the state of
FIG. 2A , thegenerator motor 113 is driven to rotate theouter ring 52 in the direction of the arrow B, therollers 53 are dragged by theouter ring 52 to move to the right (to the respective circumferential centers of the wedge-shaped spaces 56), so the engagement between thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52 through the intermediation of therollers 53 is canceled. Thus, theouter ring 52 slips relative to thecam shaft 51, and it is impossible to drive the cam shaft 51 (that is, crankshaft of the engine 111) in the direction of the arrow A. - On the other hand, in a case where the two-
way clutch 112 is switched to the state ofFIG. 2B , when thegenerator motor 113 drives theouter ring 52 in the direction of the arrow B relative to theengine 111 in a non-driving state or a low rotational state such as an idling state (when theengine 111 is in the low rotational state such as the idling state, thegenerator motor 113 drives theouter ring 52 at an RPM substantially higher than the RPM of the engine 111), therollers 53 make a relative movement to the left inFIG. 2B to respectively move to the circumferential centers of the wedge-shapedspaces 56, so the engagement between thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52 through the intermediation of therollers 53 is canceled. In this state, theouter ring 52 slips relative to thecam shaft 51. Thus, the outer ring 52 (that is, the drive shaft of the generator motor 113) can rotate in the direction of the arrow B without receiving the load of the engine in the non-driving state. - On the other hand, when the
generator motor 113 further drives theouter ring 52 in the direction of the arrow B relative to theengine 111 in the non-driving state or the low rotational state such as the idling state, therollers 53 are dragged by theouter ring 52 to move to the right inFIG. 2B to be jammed between thecam shaft 51 and theouter ring 52, so the above-mentioned rotation of theouter ring 52 is transmitted to thecam shaft 51, making it possible to generate a force for driving the cam shaft 51 (that is, the crankshaft of the engine 111) in the same direction as that of the arrow B. - As described above, in this embodiment, the two-way clutch 112 can be switched between the state of
FIG. 2A , in which the transmission of driving force from theengine 111 to thegenerator motor 113 is allowed and in which the transmission of driving force from thegenerator motor 113 to theengine 111 is prevented, and the state ofFIG. 2B , in which the transmission of the driving force from thegenerator motor 113 to theengine 111 is allowed and in which the transmission of the driving force from theengine 111 to thegenerator motor 113 is prevented. - In other words, in the state of
FIG. 2A , when the RPM of theengine 111 is higher than the RPM of thegenerator motor 113, the two-way clutch 112 is in the connected state and transmits the driving force, whereas, when the RPM of thegenerator motor 113 is higher than the RPM of theengine 111, the two-way clutch 112 is in the disconnected state and transmits no driving force. Similarly, in the state ofFIG. 2B , when the RPM of thegenerator motor 113 is higher than the RPM of theengine 111, the two-way clutch 112 is in the connected state and transmits driving force acting in the same direction as that of the arrow B. In the following, the state ofFIG. 2A will be referred to as “first state”, and the state ofFIG. 2B will be referred to as “second state”. The switching between the first state and the second state is effected through switching between energization and non-energization of the above-mentioned electromagnet based on a switching signal from theECU 135. - The
battery 115 stores the electricity generated by thegenerator motor 113 in the generator mode (and the traveling motor 121), and supplies, as needed, driving power for the traveling operation and cargo handling operation of theforklift 101 as appropriate. The storage and discharge of electricity in and from thebattery 115 is controlled through the inverter assembly 131 connected to theECU 135. - The traveling operation of the
forklift 101 is effected through the travelingmotor 121 and the travelingunit 123 driven by the travelingmotor 121. The travelingmotor 121 is driven by driving power supplied from thebattery 115 through the inverter assembly 131. The cargo handling operation of theforklift 101 is effected through thecargo handling pump 117, thefork 118, and thecargo handling valve 119 for distributing, as appropriate, working fluid from thecargo handling pump 117 to thefork 118 side (more specifically, to a mast raising/lowering cylinder). - The
ECU 135 performs system control on theforklift 101 as a whole, and the system control includes storage/discharge control for thebattery 115. Input as appropriate to theECU 135 are shift position information detected by theshift position sensor 141, accelerator ON/OFF information detected by theaccelerator switch 142, accelerator opening information detected by theaccelerator position sensor 143, cargo handling lever ON/OFF information detected by the cargo handlinglever switch 144, cargo handling lever opening information detected by the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145, ON/OFF information detected by theignition switch 146, information on theengine 111 such as RPM (which can be detected by an RPM detecting sensor 152) and temperature, voltage/temperature information on thebattery 115, information on thegenerator motor 113 such as RPM (which can be detected by an RPM detecting sensor 153), output, temperature, etc. - Based on the input information as mentioned above, a control signal for the
engine 111 is output from theECU 135 to thethrottle actuator 151. Further, various control signals, such as a mode switching signal for thegenerator motor 113, an electricity storage control signal for thebattery 115, and a control signal for the travelingmotor 121, are output from theECU 135 to the inverter assembly 131 to perform system control on theforklift 101. Further, theECU 135 outputs a switching signal to the two-way clutch 112 to perform control for switching the two-way clutch 112 between the first state and the second state. - Next, the operation of the operating apparatus of this embodiment will be described. In particular, when no high output is needed for the cargo handling operation, the two-
way clutch 112 is set to a state (that is, the first state shown inFIG. 2A ) in which it is possible to drive thegenerator motor 113 from theengine 111 side but in which it is impossible to drive theengine 111 from thegenerator 113 side. Thegenerator motor 113 is set to the generator mode. - In this state, the
engine 111 serves as a drive source for both thegenerator motor 113 in the generator mode and thecargo handling pump 117. In the following, this state will be referred to as a “first mode”. In this embodiment, the judgment as to whether high output is needed for the cargo handling operation or not is made by theECU 135, which checks as appropriate whether there is a high demand for cargo handling drive or not based on information from the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145. - In the first mode, the driving force of the
engine 111 is transmitted to thegenerator motor 113 in the generator mode, and the electricity generated by thegenerator motor 113 is successively stored in thebattery 115. Thecargo handling pump 117 is constantly driven as the crankshaft of theengine 111 rotates, supplying working fluid (pressure oil in this embodiment) to thecargo handling valve 119. When no cargo handling operation is to be conducted, the working fluid passes through thecargo handling valve 119 to be fed back to a tank (not shown). - In the first mode, when the cargo handling load (resistance load) is small, the
ECU 135 performs control, for example, to increase the amount of generated electricity to be stored in thebattery 115, effecting control such that the load on theengine 111 is of a magnitude suitable for operating theengine 111 under a predetermined optimum condition. The optimum condition is a condition (in terms of RPM, fuel injection amount, etc.) allowing operation of the engine at optimum fuel efficiency, and is previously determined by experiment or the like. In a case, for example, in which the cargo handling load is small with thebattery 115 almost fully charged, control may be conducted by theECU 135 so as to prevent power generation by thegenerator motor 113. - When the
forklift 101 is to be moved, theECU 135 causes thebattery 115 to discharge through the inverter assembly 131, supplying driving power to the travelingmotor 121. By driving the travelingmotor 121, the travelingunit 123 connected to the travelingmotor 121 performs the moving operation. - When high output is needed for the cargo handling operation, that is, when it is judged by the
ECU 135 that there is a high demand for cargo handling drive based on information from the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145, theECU 135 transmits a control signal to switch thegenerator motor 113 to the electric motor mode. TheECU 135 outputs a switching signal to switch the two-way clutch 112 to the state in which it is possible to drive theengine 111 from thegenerator motor 113 side but in which it is impossible to drive thegenerator motor 113 from theengine 111 side (that is, the second state shown inFIG. 2B ). In the following, this state will be referred to as a “second mode”. - In the second mode, the
cargo handling pump 117 is driven by both theengine 111 and thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode. Thus, the driving of thecargo handling pump 117 by theengine 111 is assisted by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode, thereby making it possible to execute a high-output cargo handling operation to a sufficient degree even if theengine 111 is of a low output type. - When the cargo handling drive demand is relatively low, and it is determined by the
ECU 135 that there is no need for such an output as would require cooperation of theengine 111 and thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode, theECU 135 outputs a control signal to set thegenerator motor 113 to the electric motor mode. The two-way clutch 112 is set to the first state mentioned above. In this case, while thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode drives thecargo handling pump 117, theengine 111 does not contribute to the driving of thecargo handling pump 117. In the following, this state will be referred to as a “third mode”. - In the third mode, the
engine 111 is idled or stopped, thereby improving the energy efficiency at the time of driving thecargo handling pump 117. Further, since the two-way clutch 112 is in the first state, there is no fear of a large load (engine braking) being applied from theengine 111 side when thegenerator motor 113 drives thecargo handling pump 117. - During the cargo handling operation in the third mode, there may arise a case in which the cargo handling load increases as a result, for example, of an increase in the opening of the cargo handling
lever position sensor 145. Upon detection of the increase in the cargo handling load, theECU 135 examines the degree of increase (rapidity) in the cargo handling load. For example, when the cargo handling lever is tilted by an angle larger than a predetermined angle within a predetermined period of time, it is determined that the degree of increase (rapidity) in the cargo handling load is large. - When it is determined by the
ECU 135 that the degree of increase in the cargo handling load is below a predetermined value, theECU 135 transmits a control signal to the inverter assembly 131 to simply increase the output of thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode, thereby keeping up with the increase in the cargo handling load. At this time, theengine 111 maintains the idling state or the stopped state, thereby achieving an improvement in energy efficiency. - On the other hand, when the degree of increase in the cargo handling load is not less than the predetermined value, control is effected such that the output of the
generator motor 113 in the electric motor mode is increased and that the increase in the RPM of the engine 111is started immediately (If theengine 111 is stopped, theengine 111 is started at once, and an increase in the RPM of the engine is started). As compared with theengine 111, thegenerator motor 113 allows quicker transition to a high output state, so the delay in the cargo handling operation can be minimized or substantially reduced to zero. - At the stage where the RPM of the
engine 111 has gradually increased to become equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113, the two-way clutch 112, which has been in the first state, is automatically connected, and the driving force of theengine 111 is transmitted to thecargo handling pump 117. - As described above, when the cargo handling load is relatively small, the cargo handling apparatus is set to the third mode to idle or stop the
engine 111 to thereby achieve an improvement in energy efficiency (fuel efficiency). When, in the third mode, the cargo handling load (rapidly) increases beyond the predetermined value, switching is effected to the driving of thecargo handling pump 117 by theengine 111, whereby it is possible to conduct the cargo handling operation nimbly by utilizing the large output provided by theengine 111. To set theengine 111, which has been idling or stopped, to a high output state to effect transition to the driving by theengine 111, generation of some time lag is inevitable. This, however, can be coped with by quickly increasing the output of thegenerator motor 113, so there is no fear of a delay in the cargo handling operation due to a reduction in operational responsiveness, nor is there any reduction in operational efficiency involved in the cargo handling operation. - Further, when the RPM of the
engine 111 becomes equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113, the two-way clutch 112 in the first state is automatically connected, so it is possible to avoid a temporary reduction in the input RPM of thecargo handling pump 117 at the time of transition to the driving by theengine 111. Thus, during the operation of lifting a cargo, there is no fear of the speed at which thefork 118 is raised being reduced temporarily to cause an unpleasant vibration in the machine or a delay in the cargo handling operation. - Further, as compared with the construction (construction of the first embodiment of JP 2005-298163 A) in which the engine RPM and the RPM of the
generator motor 113 are monitored on theECU 135 side and in which the electromagnetic clutch is connected when the engine RPM becomes equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113, it is possible to reduce the load on theECU 135, and to simplify the electrical construction thereof. Further, since there is no need to perform electrical control, it is possible to reduce the frequency of failure, thereby reducing the frequency of maintenance. - Next, control at the time of engine start will be described. When the
ignition switch 146 is turned ON while theengine 111 is stopped, theECU 135 immediately transmits a switching signal to the two-way clutch 112 to effect switching to the state (second state ofFIG. 2B ) in which transmission of driving force from thegenerator motor 113 to theengine 111 is allowed and in which transmission of driving force from theengine 111 to thegenerator motor 113 is prevented. Then, thegenerator motor 113 is set to the generator mode, and the crankshaft (not shown) of theengine 111 is driven through the two-way clutch 112 (cranking). This causes theengine 111 to be started, and after that, theforklift 101 performs traveling operation, cargo handling operation, etc. according to the manipulation performed. - Due to the above-described construction, it is possible to omit a special starter motor for starting the
engine 111, so it is possible to reduce the number of components and the production costs. Further, since it is a general practice for thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode to be designed so as to have a larger torque than a starter motor, it is possible to reduce the vibration at the time of cranking. - Next, a regenerative brake in the traveling
motor 121 will be described. In this embodiment, like thegenerator motor 113, the travelingmotor 121 is set to either a generator mode or an electric motor mode. In the generator mode, the travelingmotor 121 is supplied with driving power from thebattery 115 and serves as an electric motor, thereby driving the travelingunit 123 as described above to cause theforklift 101 to travel. On the other hand, at the time, for example, of braking theforklift 101, the travelingunit 123 is set to the generator mode. The travelingmotor 121 is driven from the travelingunit 123 side to generate power, and the power generated is stored in thebattery 115. - Here, suppose a large amount of power is supplied to the
battery 115 from the travelingmotor 121 in the generator mode as in a case in which theforklift 101 is going down a long downward slope, and thebattery 115 is almost fully charged. If, in this state, the power from the travelingmotor 121 is continuously supplied, thebattery 115 is overcharged, resulting in a marked reduction in the service life of thebattery 115. - In view of this, in this embodiment, the
ECU 135 detects and monitors the charging amount of thebattery 115 by an appropriate method, such as voltage detection. When it is determined that the charging amount of thebattery 115 is in excess of a predetermined charging amount (for example, a predetermined value corresponding to approximately 80% to 90% of the full charging amount), theECU 135 switches the two-way clutch 112 to the second state, and stops (or idles) theengine 111. Further, thegenerator motor 113 is driven in the electric motor mode to drive the crankshaft of theengine 111. As a result, thegenerator motor 113 is driven while braking the engine, so any surplus energy that cannot be stored in thebattery 115 can be efficiently consumed (discharged) by thegenerator motor 113, thereby making it possible to rationally avoid overcharging of thebattery 115. - As described above, the
cargo handling apparatus 201 of theforklift 101 of this embodiment is equipped with theengine 111, thegenerator motor 113, the two-way clutch 112 provided between theengine 111 and thegenerator motor 113, thebattery 115, thecargo handling pump 117 for driving thefork 118, and the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145. Thegenerator motor 113 is set to either the generator mode, in which the driving force of theengine 111 is transmitted to thegenerator motor 113 through the two-way clutch 112 to generate power to charge thebattery 115 with, or the electric motor mode, in which thegenerator motor 113 is supplied with driving power from thebattery 115 to function as an electric motor. The two-way clutch 112 can be switched between the first state (FIG. 2A ), in which transmission of driving force from theengine 111 to thegenerator motor 113 is allowed and in which transmission of driving force from thegenerator motor 113 to theengine 111 is prevented, and the second state (FIG. 2B ), in which transmission of driving force from thegenerator motor 113 to theengine 111 is allowed and in which transmission of driving force from theengine 111 to thegenerator motor 113 is prevented. When the cargo handling load detected by the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145 is small, the cargo handling apparatus is set to the above-mentioned third mode, the two-way clutch 112 is set to the first state, and theengine 111 is stopped or idled. Further, thecargo handling pump 117 is driven by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode to perform cargo handling operations. When, during the operation in the third mode, the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145 detects an increase in cargo handling load beyond a predetermined level, an increase in the RPM of theengine 111 is started while increasing the output of thegenerator motor 113. When the engine RPM becomes equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113, the two-way clutch 112 in the first state is automatically connected, and the driving force of theengine 111 is transmitted to thecargo handling pump 117 through the two-way clutch 112 to perform cargo handling operation using thefork 118. - Thus, when the cargo handling load is small, the two-
way clutch 112 is set to the first state to drive thecargo handling pump 117 by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode, and theengine 111 is stopped or idled, thereby achieving an improvement in terms of energy efficiency. When an increase in cargo handling load is detected by the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145, control is first effected to increase the output of thegenerator motor 113 to thereby secure responsiveness. When it is in the first state, the two-way clutch 112 transmits torque from theengine 111 to thegenerator motor 113, and cuts off torque transmission in the reverse direction, so it is possible to reliably prevent a load (engine braking, etc.) from theengine 111 side from being applied to thegenerator motor 113. When the engine RPM becomes equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113, the two-way clutch 112 in the first state is automatically connected, so there is no need to perform a special clutch connection/disconnection control, thereby making it possible to simplify the electrical construction of theECU 135. - Further, by setting the two-way clutch to the second state as appropriate, it is also possible to drive the
engine 111 side by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode. - Further, in this embodiment, when the
ignition switch 146 is turned ON, the crankshaft of theengine 111 is driven by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode while setting the two-way clutch 112 to the second state (FIG. 2B ), thereby starting the engine. - Thus, it is possible to effect cranking of the
engine 111 by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode, so it is possible to omit a dedicated starter motor for starting theengine 111, thereby simplifying the construction of thecargo handling apparatus 201. Further, due to the large torque of thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode, it is possible to reduce vibration at the time of cranking. - Further, in this embodiment, when the charging amount of the
battery 115 is in excess of a predetermined charging amount, the two-way clutch 112 is set to the second state (FIG. 2B ), and the crankshaft of theengine 111 is driven by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode. - Thus, by driving the
generator motor 113 in the electric motor mode during engine braking, it is possible to efficiently discharge the energy of thebattery 115, thereby making it possible to prevent thebattery 115 from being overcharged. - Further, in this embodiment, when the cargo handling load detected by the cargo handling
lever position sensor 145 is large, the cargo handling apparatus is set to the second mode, and the two-way clutch 112 is set to the second state (FIG. 2B ) to perform operation by transmitting the driving force of thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode and of theengine 111 to thecargo handling pump 117. - Thus, the driving of the
cargo handling pump 117 by theengine 111 is assisted by thegenerator motor 113 in the electric motor mode, so, even when, for example, theengine 111 is of a low output type, it is possible to conduct high output operation to a sufficient degree. - Apart from the plurality of embodiments and modifications of the present invention described above, the present invention further allows the following modification.
- As in a
cargo handling apparatus 202 for aforklift 102 shown inFIG. 3 , it is possible to arrange a CVT (Continuously Velocity Transmission) 114 between the two-way clutch 112 and thegenerator motor 113. In this case, when the cargo handling load rapidly increases in the third mode, the transmission ratio of theCVT 114 is set to an appropriate level, whereby the engine RPM after the change of transmission ratio by theCVT 114 becomes equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113 at an early stage to cause the two-way clutch 112 in the first stage to be automatically connected, thereby making it possible to transmit the driving force of theengine 111 to thecargo handling pump 117. Thus, even if the cargo handling load increases, it is possible to assist thegenerator motor 113 by theengine 111 at an early stage, thereby making it possible to prevent thegenerator motor 113 from being overcharged. - In the construction of
FIG. 3 , it is also possible to adopt an arrangement in which, even after the engine RPM after the change of transmission ratio by theCVT 114 has become equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113 and the two-way clutch 112 in the first state has been automatically connected, control is effected to change the transmission gear ratio of theCVT 114 in response to an increase in engine RPM. Due to this arrangement, even while the RPM of theengine 111 increases from a low level until it becomes equal to the RPM of thegenerator motor 113, it is possible to transmit the driving force of theengine 111 to thecargo handling pump 117. Further, it is also possible for theCVT 114 to be arranged between the two-way clutch 112 and theengine 111. - The apparatus layout for the
generator motor 113, theengine 111, etc. is not restricted to the one shown. For example, instead of being arranged coaxially with theengine 111, thegenerator motor 113 may also be arranged at a side of theengine 111. - While in this embodiment the cargo handling
lever position sensor 145 serves as the cargo handling load detecting means, it is also possible to adopt some other arrangement. For example, it is possible to adopt an arrangement in which the pressure of the pressure oil discharged from thecargo handling pump 117 is detected by a pressure sensor, thereby judging the cargo handling load (resistance load) to be high when the pressure detected is high. Further, it is also possible to provide a load sensor at an appropriate position on thefork 118 to detect the weight of a cargo when lifting the cargo by thefork 118, thereby judging the cargo handling load to be high when the weight of the cargo detected is large. Of course, it is also possible to adopt a construction in which the detection values of the cargo handlinglever position sensor 145 and the pressure sensor, the load sensor, etc. are combined with each other to comprehensively judge the magnitude of the cargo handling load. - In the above embodiment, the degree of rapidity in an increase in cargo handling load detected by the cargo handling load detecting means is calculated to control an increase in the output of the
generator motor 113 described above and an increase in engine RPM. This, however, should not be construed restrictively. It is also possible to control an increase in the output of thegenerator motor 113 and an increase in engine RPM on condition that the detected resistance load value itself is not less than a predetermined value. - While in the above embodiment the
cargo handling pump 117 supplies working fluid (pressure oil) under pressure to thecargo handling valve 119, it is also possible to provide theforklift 101 with a hydraulic power steering device, a hydraulic brake device, etc., thereby distributing pressure oil under pressure not only to thecargo handling valve 119 but also to such devices as mentioned above. In this case, the singlecargo handling pump 117 can serve as the pressure oil supply source for the power steering device, the brake device, etc., whereby the number of components is reduced to achieve a reduction in size, and further, a reduction in cost. - The construction of the two-way clutch 112 can be changed from the one described above with reference to
FIGS. 2A and 2B to some other construction. Further, it is also possible to adopt a two-way clutch which can assume a third state in which the driving force from theengine 111 is not transmitted to thegenerator motor 113 and in which the driving force of thegenerator motor 113 is not transmitted to theengine 111, either. - The load to be driven by the
engine 111 and thegenerator motor 113 can be changed from thecargo handling pump 117 to some other load (for example, hydraulic pump for driving a power steering device) Further, the operating apparatus of the present invention is not restricted to a forklift, but is applicable to industrial vehicles in general for conducting cargo handling and other operations.
Claims (4)
1. An operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle, comprising: an engine; a generator motor; a two-way clutch provided between the engine and the generator motor; an electricity storage means; a load driven by at least one of the engine and the generator motor; a working load detecting means for detecting the magnitude of a resistance load during operation of the load; and a control means electrically connected to the engine, the generator motor, the two-way clutch, the electricity storage means, and the working load detecting means,
wherein the control means switches the generator motor between a generator mode in which driving force of the engine is transmitted to the generator motor through the two-way clutch to generate power to be stored in the electricity storage means, and an electric motor mode in which the generator motor is supplied with driving power from the electricity storage means to function as an electric motor,
wherein the two-way clutch can be switched between a first state in which transmission of driving force from the engine to the generator motor is allowed and in which transmission of driving force from the generator motor to the engine is prevented, and a second state in which the transmission of the driving force from the generator motor to the engine is allowed and in which the transmission of the driving force from the engine to the generator motor is prevented,
wherein when the resistance load detected by the working load detecting means is small, the control means sets the two-way clutch to the first state, sets the engine in one of a stopped state and an idling state, and sets the generator motor to the electric motor mode so that the load is driven to conduct operation,
wherein when, during the operation, the working load detecting means detects an increase in the resistance load in excess of a predetermined level, the control means starts an increase in RPM of the engine while increasing an output of the generator motor in the electric motor mode, and
wherein when the RPM of the engine becomes equal to the RPM of the generator motor, the two-way clutch in the first state is automatically connected, and the driving force of the engine is transmitted to the load through the two-way clutch.
2. An operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the engine can be started by setting the two-way clutch to the second state by the control means and by driving a crankshaft of the engine by the generator motor in the electric motor mode.
3. An operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein when a charging amount of the electricity storage means is larger than a predetermined charging amount, the control means sets the two-way clutch to the second state, and the generator motor in the electric motor mode drives a crankshaft of the engine.
4. An operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein when the resistance load detected by the working load detecting means is large, the control means sets the two-way clutch to the second state, and the driving force of the generator motor in the electric motor mode and of the engine is transmitted to the load.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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JP2006-004297 | 2006-01-12 | ||
JP2006004297 | 2006-01-12 | ||
JP2006-311777 | 2006-11-17 | ||
JP2006311777A JP5055972B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2006-11-17 | Industrial vehicle cargo handling equipment |
Publications (2)
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US20070161456A1 true US20070161456A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
US7278503B1 US7278503B1 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
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US11/648,977 Expired - Fee Related US7278503B1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-01-03 | Operating apparatus for a working industrial vehicle |
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US (1) | US7278503B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5055972B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007000009A1 (en) |
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- 2007-01-12 DE DE102007000009A patent/DE102007000009A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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EP2058201A4 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2011-08-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Battery control apparatus and hybrid forklift having the same |
US20090222158A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Control method for industrial vehicle and industrial vehicle |
EP2096013A3 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2011-03-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Control Method for Industrial Vehicle and Industrial Vehicle |
US8718843B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2014-05-06 | Mitsubishi Nichiyu Forklift Co., Ltd. | Control method for industrial vehicle and industrial vehicle |
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US8753240B2 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2014-06-17 | Univance Corporation | Power transmitting device |
US9973831B2 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2018-05-15 | Husqvarna Ab | Data collection system and method for fleet management |
US20150123815A1 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2015-05-07 | Husqvarna Ab | Data collection system and method for fleet management |
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US10685299B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2020-06-16 | Husqvarna Ab | Engine speed data usage system and method |
US9975426B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2018-05-22 | Parker-Hannifin Manufacturing Limited | Energy efficient electric vehicle control system |
GB2558300A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-11 | Arrival Ltd | Range extender electric vehicle with ancillary device |
GB2558300B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2022-06-08 | Arrival Ltd | Range extender electric vehicle with ancillary device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007210799A (en) | 2007-08-23 |
US7278503B1 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
JP5055972B2 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
DE102007000009A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
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