US20070095014A1 - Consumable assembly for forming a concrete wall structure, a concrete wall structure formed with the assembly and a side plate for use in the assembly - Google Patents
Consumable assembly for forming a concrete wall structure, a concrete wall structure formed with the assembly and a side plate for use in the assembly Download PDFInfo
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- US20070095014A1 US20070095014A1 US10/555,639 US55563904A US2007095014A1 US 20070095014 A1 US20070095014 A1 US 20070095014A1 US 55563904 A US55563904 A US 55563904A US 2007095014 A1 US2007095014 A1 US 2007095014A1
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- Prior art keywords
- side plates
- wall structure
- side plate
- major planar
- edge flanges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/168—Spacers connecting parts for reinforcements and spacing the reinforcements from the form
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/18—Spacers of metal or substantially of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a consumable assembly (10) for forming a concrete wall structure (11). The assembly comprises side plates (12) having major planar sections (13) forming opposite sides of the wall structure (11) and peripheral edge flanges (14, 15, 16, 17) substantially perpendicular to the major planar sections (13) of the side plates (12). The assembly further comprises transverse tie members (18) for interconnecting side plates (12) belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure (11) and hold the side plates (12) in a spaced apart substantially parallel relationship with respect to each other. The edge flanges (14, 15, 16, 17) of the side plates (12) are separated from the major planar sections by grooves (19).
Description
- The present invention relates to a consumable assembly for forming a concrete wall structure; The invention also relates to a concrete wall structure formed by such a consumable assembly and to a tie member and a side plate used in the consumable assembly.
- It has been disclosed in the prior art that a consumable assembly may be used to form a concrete wall structure. In the context of this application, the term “consumable assembly” should be understood as an assembly that itself will form a part of the completed wall structure and is thus “consumed” when it is used for its intended purpose. Such an assembly is described and illustrated in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,149,349. The assembly described in that patent includes a pair of spaced apart side plates that are in parallel arrangement and interconnected at their respective ends by transverse tie members. A plurality of these assemblies can be united to form building structure walls and then upon completion the assemblies are filled with concrete to complete the wall structure. A similar design is also disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,348,847. The kind of assembly disclosed in these patents has been used in many practical applications and has proven itself as being a cost-effective and reliable tool for forming concrete walls. However, practical experience of using such assemblies has revealed that they have certain limitations. One such limitation is that it is difficult to form in one step a concrete structure that is higher than about 1.2 m. The reason for this is that, before the concrete has hardened, the wet concrete exerts a high pressure on the side plates. As a result, individual side plates may flex and attain a curved shape instead of the desired planar shape. The pressure exerted by the wet concrete is proportional to the height of the structure and the outward pressure is highest at the bottom of the structure. As the concrete hardens, the pressure gradually decreases to almost zero. Therefore, assemblies of this kind typically use at least a two-step method where a plurality of side plates are first joined to each other to form opposite sides of a wall structure having a height up to about 1.2 m (about 4 feet). Thereafter, concrete is filled into the space between the opposite sides of the structure. When the concrete has hardened, the next level can be formed above the first level. The boundaries between different side plates may also be difficult to seal. Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide a consumable assembly that offers improved possibilities to cast relatively high concrete walls in one single step. Another object of the present invention is to provide a consumable assembly where the boundaries between neighbouring side plates may be efficiently sealed. Yet another object of the invention is to provide an assembly that is more flexible and allows builders a higher degree of design freedom. Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following.
- The invention relates to a consumable assembly for forming a concrete wall structure. The consumable assembly comprises side plates having major planar sections forming opposite sides of the wall structure to be formed. The side plates comprise peripheral edge flanges substantially perpendicular to the major planar sections of the side plates. Furthermore, the assembly comprises transverse tie members for interconnecting side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure and hold the side plates in a spaced apart substantially parallel relationship with respect to each other. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one edge flange of a side plate is separated from the major planar section of the side plate by a groove or notch such as a channel-shaped step. In a preferred embodiment, each flange of a side plate is separated from the major planar section of the side plate by a reinforcement groove so that the major planar section is surrounded by such grooves. The groove that separates the edge flange or edge flanges from the major planar section can be accomplished by, for example, a bending operation where a metal sheet used to form the side plate is bent both to form an edge flange at right angles to the major planar section and additionally to form the groove that separates the edge flange from the major planar section. The groove(s) can thus be understood as a profiled or curved part of the side plate that is/are located intermediate the major planar section and the edge flange(s) but does not form a part of the major planar section or of the edge flange. The groove or profiled part of the side plate may have, for example, an L-shaped cross section but other cross sections can also be contemplated. For example, the cross section of the groove may be a curved cross section with a round curve. The inventor has found that such a design where grooves separates the edge flanges from the major planar sections of the side plates becomes stiffer. Therefore, such side plates do not flex or bend as easily as side plates without such a groove. Consequently, it becomes possible to form higher concrete wall structures in one single step.
- In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the side plates are designed such that each edge flange is substantially planar without projections so that the planar edge flanges of two adjacent side plates may be brought into contact with each other and the edge flanges have through-holes such that adjacent side plates can be joined to each other by fasteners extending through the through-holes of edge flanges of adjacent side plates. Preferably, at least some of the side plates are designed such that each edge flange is provided with through-holes and in that the through-holes of each edge flange are spaced at uniform distances such that the through-holes in the edge flange of one side plate can be made to coincide with through-holes in the edge flange of another side plate when one of the side plates is placed vertically on top of the other. Such a design of the side plates can be combined with fastening elements separate from the side plates themselves. An advantage of such a design is that it becomes easier to combine side plates with each other regardless of the orientation of the side plates in relation to each other. If the fastening elements are separate from the side plates and any edge flange on a side plate can be brought into contact with any edge flange of an adjacent side plate, this allows the builder great freedom in combining different side plates with each other.
- The transverse tie members used in the consumable assembly are preferably provided with guide structure to hold the side plates and their edge flanges in vertical alignment when the tie members are connected in situ to interconnect side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure. The guide structure comprises supporting extensions designed to extend to an interior surface of the side plate planar section when the tie members are connected in situ. In an especially advantageous embodiment of the invention, the supporting extensions are spaced from each other and separated from each other by a cutout or groove in the tie member In this way, a tie member may straddle the edge flanges of two adjacent side plates and allow supporting extensions of one and the same tie member to contact different but neighbouring side plates. It should be understood that the tie member can then be connected to both of the neighbouring side plates. The transverse tie members may be provided with lugs or tabs that can be inserted through the through-holes of adjacent side plates to connect adjacent side plates to each other. The neighbouring side plates thus connected to each other may be side plates on the same horizontal level but may also be side plates vertically stacked upon each other. The tie member is preferably a rigid plate-like member and thus a substantially planar element The tie member or tie members may be formed of, for example, sheet metal. Normally, the tie member will be connected to the side plates in such a way that the body of the substantially planar tie member extends in a vertical plane. The supporting extensions will then be spaced from each other in the vertical dimension when the tie member is connected in situ and straddling two side plates of which one is placed vertically on top of the other.
- The transverse tie members may further be provided with structure defining grooves in which insulating panels may be inserted and held between side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure. The insulating panels reduce the amount of heat energy that travels through the wall. The transverse tie members may also be provided with cutouts for holding and supporting concrete reinforcing rods.
- The invention also relates to a concrete wall structure comprising a plurality of side plates having major planar sections forming opposite sides of the wall structure between which at least one layer of concrete is placed. The side plates of the wall structure are provided with peripheral edge flanges substantially perpendicular to the major planar sections of the side plates and the wall structure further comprises transverse tie members interconnecting side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure and holding said side plates in a spaced apart substantially parallel relationship with respect to each other. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjacent edge flanges of at least two neighbouring side plates are separated from the major planar section of their respective side plate by a groove or notch such as a channel-shaped step in such a way that the grooves of the adjacent edge flanges together form a channel separating the major planar sections of the neighbouring side plates from each other. The channel or channels that separate the major planar sections of neighbouring plates from each other can be used for sealing purposes. A sealing compound can be placed in the channel or channels. The sealing compound may be, for example, curable caulking.
- In a preferred embodiment, at least one insulating panel is located in the space separating opposite sides of the wall structure such that the concrete wall structure is a sandwich structure comprising at least one layer formed by an insulating panel and at least two concrete layers separated from each other by the at least one insulating panel. Of course, the wall structure may comprise more than one insulating panel. For example, the wall structure may be a sandwich structure having two insulating panels and three layers of concrete. From one side of the wall to the opposite side of the wall, the structure could thus comprise a side panel, a first concrete layer, a first insulating panel, a second concrete layer, a second insulating panel, a third concrete layer and finally the side panel of the opposite side of the wall. The insulating panels can be made of, for example, polystyrene foam. The thickness of the wall structure may typically be about 200 mm-300 mm although it should be understood that the thickness may be less than 200 mm or more than 300 mm. In fact, a wall structure according to the present invention could have a thickness of no more than about 100 mm. The transverse tie members of the wall structure may be provided with structure such as tabs or lugs that define grooves in which the ends of the at least one insulating panel may be inserted and held between side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure.
- Although the invention has been explained in terms of cooperating elements belonging to the same assembly or wall structure, it should be understood that the tie member described above may be used also in combination with side plates different from the side plates described above. It should also be understood that the side plates described above can also be used together with tie members of conventional design.
- The major planar section of the side plates may be provided with outwardly projecting louvered slot arrangements in order to provide projections upon which finishing materials may be anchored.
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FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a consumable wall forming assembly. -
FIG. 2A is front view of a rectangular side plate according to the present invention. -
FIG. 2B is a view from above of a side plate according to the present invention. -
FIG. 2C is a view from below of a side plate according to the present invention. -
FIG. 2D is a side view of a side plate according to the present invention. -
FIG. 2E is a front view of a metal sheet that intended to be formed to a side plate. -
FIG. 2F is a front view of a square side plate. -
FIG. 2G is a front view of a metal sheet intended to be formed to a square side plate. -
FIG. 3 is an enlargement of a section ofFIG. 2D . -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a tie member according to a preferred embodiment. -
FIG. 5 is a front view of a metal sheet intended to be formed to the tie member that is shown inFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 6 is a side view of the tie member shown inFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 7A is a front view of a metal sheer intended to be formed to a tie member according to a second embodiment. -
FIG. 7B is a front view similar toFIG. 7A but showing how lugs of the tie member have been bent to form a 90° angle with the main body of the tie member. -
FIG. 8 is a side view of the tie member shown inFIG. 7B . -
FIG. 9 is a side view showing how a tie member straddles the edge flanges of two adjacent side plates. -
FIG. 10 shows an enlarged part ofFIG. 9 . -
FIG. 11A is a front view of an external surface of a wall structure. -
FIG. 11B is a view corresponding toFIG. 10 where a sealing compound has been placed in the channel that separates the major planar sections of neighbouring side plates from each other. -
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of how a wall may be formed using a consumable assembly. -
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a consumable assembly according to the present invention. -
FIG. 14 is a cross sectional view of a wall structure. -
FIG. 15 shows a detail fromFIG. 13 . -
FIG. 16 illustrates how the detail ofFIG. 15 may be accomplished. -
FIG. 17 illustrates an alternative embodiment of a wall structure. -
FIG. 18 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the detail illustrated inFIG. 15 . -
FIG. 19 cross-sectional view from above of yet another consumable wall forming assembly and wall structure. -
FIG. 20 is a front view of the wall forming assembly illustrated inFIG. 19 . -
FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a side plate according to another embodiment. -
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view from above illustrating an embodiment of a concrete wall structure. -
FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view from above illustrating an embodiment of a detail shown inFIG. 22 . -
FIGS. 1 and 13 illustrate aconsumable assembly 10 for forming a concrete wall structure. The assembly comprisesside plates 12 having majorplanar sections 13 that form opposite sides of the wall structure that is formed by using the consumable assembly. The majorplanar sections 13 have exterior surfaces that do not come into contact with the concrete. The side plates haveperipheral edge flanges planar sections 13 of theside plates 12. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, theside plates 12 arerectangular side plates 12 having fourside flanges rectangular side plates 12 may have a square shape but non-square rectangular shapes may also be used. Aside plate 12 with square shape may realistically have sides of about 200 mm. Arectangular side plate 12 with a non-square shape may have short sides of about 200 mm and long sides of about 400 mm. It should be understood that the dimensions mentioned are only examples of what may be realistic practical embodiments and that the side plates could also have other dimensions. Theassembly 10 further comprisestransverse tie members 18 for interconnectingside plates 12 belonging to opposite sides of thewall structure 11 and hold theside plates 12 in a spaced apart substantially parallel relationship with respect to each other. As best seen inFIGS. 2B-2D andFIG. 3 , at least oneedge flange side plate 12 is separated from the majorplanar section 13 of the side plate by agroove 19.Parallel edge flanges grooves 19 ofadjacent plates 12 can cooperate with each other in a way that will be explained below. Thegroove 19 is areinforcement groove 19 that can be described as a curved section of theside plate 12 that is located intermediate the majorplanar section 13 and theedge flange planar section 13 and theedge flange groove 19 is inwardly curved such thatplanar edge flanges adjacent side plates 12 can bear on each other and be flush without being obstructed by thegrooves 19. Thegrooves 19 are visible when one looks at the exterior (front) surface of aplate 12. When oneplate 12 is placed on top of another plate, thelower edge flange 17 of theupper plate 12 will rest directly on theupper edge flange 15 of thelower plate 12. Therefore, when one side plate is placed on top of another side plate, thegrooves 19 ofadjacent edge flanges planar sections 13 of neighbouringside plates 12 from each other. It should be understood that the term “exterior surfaces” refers to those surfaces of the side plates that are exterior surfaces when the assembly has been put together. Theside plates 12 are preferablyrectangular side plates 12 having fouredge flanges edge flange side plate 12 is separated from the majorplanar section 13 of the side plate by agroove 19. Theside plates 12 can be made of sheet metal, for sheers of galvanizes steel. A suitable thickness for the sheets should preferably be 0.65 mm or more. A certain minimum thickness is desirable for stiffness. It is preferable that each plate has at least a pair ofparallel edge flanges grooves 19. - As indicated in
FIG. 1 andFIGS. 2A-2G , theedge flanges holes 20 such thatadjacent side plates 12 can be joined to each other byfasteners 21 extending through the through-holes 20 ofedge flanges adjacent side plates 12. The through-holes 20 are suitably shaped aselongate slots 20. Thefasteners 21 may be lugs or tabs integral withupper edge flanges 15 of theside plates 12 as indicated inFIG. 2A . However, thefasteners 21 may also beloose elements 21 that are separate from theside plates 12 and shaped as tabs. If this is the case, it becomes easier to combine different side plates with each other regardless of their orientation relative to each other.Fasteners 21, for example fasteners shaped as tabs, can be inserted through the through-holes 20 of adjacent side plates. Thefastener 21 is then bent or twisted so that the adjacent side plates become locked to each other. Thefasteners 21 are preferably metal fasteners that can be stamped from sheet metal. - At least some of the
side plates 12 are designed such that eachedge flange planar edge flanges adjacent side plates 12 may be brought into contact with each other and in that eachedge flange holes 20, the through-holes 20 of eachedge flange holes 20 in theedge flange side plate 12 can be made to coincide with through-holes 20 in theedge flange side plate 12 when one of theside plates 12 is placed vertically on top of the other. If thefasteners 21 are integral with theside plates 12 as indicated in, for example,FIGS. 2A and 2D , oneside plate 12 may be placed on top of another side plate such that thelower edge flange 17 of the top side plate is placed on theupper edge flange 15 of the lower side plate.Fasteners 21 integral with theupper edge flange 15 of the lower side plate will then pass through the elongate slots 20 (through-holes) in thelower edge flange 17 of the upper side plate. Thefasteners 21 can then be bent or twisted such that theside plates 12 are locked to each other. As indicated inFIG. 2A , thefasteners 21 can also be separate elements. In that case, theside plates 12 can be made withoutintegral fasteners 21. Instead, alledge flanges different side plates 12 with each other, for example if it is desirable to combineside plates 12 having different dimensions and/or different orientation. With such a system, theseparate fasteners 21 can be used in substantially the same way as integral fasteners, i.e. they are inserted through elongateslots 20 in the edge flanges of adjacent side plates. Thereafter, the fasteners are bent and/or twisted or deformed in some other way. As an alternative to tabs that are bent or twisted, other fasteners can be considered, for example rivets or screws. - As shown in
FIGS. 4-9 , thetransverse tie members 18 are provided with guide structure to hold theside plates 12 and theiredge flanges tie members 18 are connected in situ to interconnectside plates 12 belonging to opposite sides of thewall structure 11, the guide structure comprising supportingextensions interior surface 24 of the side plateplanar section 13 when thetie members 18 are connected in situ and the supportingextensions groove 25 in thetie member 18 such that atie member 18 may straddle theedge flanges adjacent side plates 12 to allow supportingextensions same tie member 18 to contact different butneighbouring side plates 12. InFIGS. 9 and 10 , it can be seen how atransverse tie member 18 is placed straddling the edge flanges of two adjacent side plates. Thecutout 25 in the tie member allows thetie member 18 to be connected to theside plates 12 without being obstructed by theedge flanges extensions interior surface 24 of bothside plates 12 and keep them in vertical alignment. Thetransverse tie members 18 are preferably rigid plate-like members 18 and the supportingextensions side plates 12 in vertical alignment are normally spaced from each other in the vertical dimension when thetie members 18 are connected in situ. - It should be noted that
FIG. 2E andFIG. 2F illustrates metal sheets that have not yet been completely formed into side plates ready for use. The edge flanges 14, 15, 16, 17 have not yet been bent to be perpendicular to the majorplanar section 13 of theside plates 12. - As can be seen in
FIG. 4 , thetransverse tie members 18 are provided withlugs 26 that can be inserted through the through-holes 20 ofadjacent side plates 12 to connectadjacent side plates 12 to each other. InFIG. 4 ,FIG. 6 andFIG. 8 , it can be seen that thetransverse tie members 18 are further provided withstructure 27defining grooves 28 in which insulatingpanels 29 may be inserted and held betweenside plates 12 belonging to opposite sides of thewall structure 11. Thestructure 27 that definesgrooves 28 may be pairs of extensions that are integral parts of thetie member 18. The pairs ofextension 27 extend substantially perpendicular to the planar surface of thetie member 18 and may be formed by cutting and bending portions of thetie member 18. - As can be seen in for example
FIG. 1 ,FIG. 4 ,FIG. 7A andFIG. 13 , thetransverse tie members 18 can be provided withcutouts 30 for holding and supportingconcrete reinforcing rods 50. As illustrated inFIG. 7A , thetransverse tie members 18 can also have a through-hole 500 located between two vertically spacedcutouts 30. This creates a section of thetie members 18 where there is less material through which heat energy can travel. This improves the insulating properties of the wall structure. For reasons of mechanical strength, the through-hole 500 is preferably round, e.g. circular. The through-hole 500 also makes it possible for concrete to flow through thetie members 18. - It should be noted that, in
FIG. 5 andFIG. 7A , thetie member 18 is illustrated in a state before thelugs 26 have been bent to be substantially perpendicular to the planar surface of thetie member 18. InFIGS. 6, 7B and 8, thetie member 18 is illustrated in a state after thelugs 26 have been bent to be substantially perpendicular to the planar surface of thetie member 18. - When the
consumable assembly 10 has been put together as indicated inFIG. 13 , one or several insulatingpanels 29 may be placed between the opposite sides of the structure. The insulatingpanel 29 will then be held in thegrooves 28 of thetie members 18. Theassembly 10 can then be filled with concrete as indicated inFIG. 12 . InFIG. 12 , a method is illustrated where wet concrete is fed from avehicle 100 through ahose 110 to aconsumable assembly 10 to form a concrete wall structure. - Reference is now made to
FIGS. 9, 10 and 14. The invention also relates to aconcrete wall structure 11 comprising a plurality ofside plates 12. Theside plates 12 have major planar sections that form opposite sides of the wall structure. At least one layer ofconcrete 40 is placed between the opposite sides of the wall structure. Theside plates 12 are provided withperipheral edge flanges planar sections 13 of theside plates 12. As can be seen inFIG. 9 andFIG. 10 , side plates are placed on each other in such a way that the lower edge flange of an upper side plate is resting directly on the upper edge flange of a lower side plate. The wall structure further comprisestransverse tie members 18 thatinterconnect side plates 18 belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure and hold theside plates 12 in a spaced apart substantially parallel relationship with respect to each other. As can be seen inFIG. 10 , theadjacent edge flanges neighbouring side plates 12 are separated from the majorplanar section 13 of theirrespective side plate 12 by agroove 19 that is externally visible. In such a way, thegrooves 19 of theadjacent edge flanges channel 31 that separates the exterior (front) surfaces of the majorplanar sections 13 of the neighbouringside plates 12 from each other. In thechannel 31, a sealing compound may be placed. In this way, it becomes easier to seal the wall structure. InFIG. 11A , a front view of a wall structure is presented wherechannels 31 separate the majorplanar sections 13 of neighbouringside plates 12 from each other. InFIG. 11B , it can be seen how a sealingcompound 32 has been placed in the channel(s) 31. - As can be seen in
FIG. 14 , at least one insulatingpanel 29 is located in the space separating opposite sides of the wall structure such that theconcrete wall structure 11 is a sandwich structure. The sandwich structure comprises at least one layer formed by an insulatingpanel 29 and at least twoconcrete layers 40 separated from each other by the at least one insulatingpanel 29. - A further aspect of the invention will now be explained with reference to
FIGS. 13-16 . As indicated inFIG. 13 , theconsumable assembly 10 may include afoot block 60 that is placed at the bottom of the structure. Thefoot block 60 can be made of sheet metal and be provided with edge flanges similar to theedge flanges side plates 12. Thefoot block 60 is normally larger than theside plates 12. In a realistic embodiment, thefoot block 60 may have a height of about 60 cm and a width of about 240 cm. The relative proportions indicated inFIG. 13 between theside plates 12 and thefoot block 60 can thus be regarded as belonging to a realistic embodiment. Thefoot block 60 has abroad foot 70 that will provide stability for the foot block when thefoot block 60 is placed on the ground. Thefoot 70 may be filled with concrete. The breadth of thefoot 70 may be about 10-20 cm. Thefoot block 60 is preferably integral with thefoot 70. Thefoot block 60 and thefoot 70 can be formed from a metal sheet that is bent into the form illustrated inFIG. 13 . Thefoot 70 contacts the ground below with a substantiallyplanar section 80 at the lowest part of thefoot 70. Theplanar section 80 may be provided with apart 90 that has been partially separated from the rest of thesection 80. If desired, thepart 90 that is partially separated from the rest of the planar section can be bent upwards to form asupport 90 for areinforcement rod 50 as indicated inFIG. 16 . InFIG. 15 , it can be seen how areinforcement rod 50 is resting in a supportinggroove 95 in thesupport 90. It should be understood that, at the other end of thefoot block 60, there is at least oneadditional support 90 such that areinforcement rod 50 can be supported at a certain distance above the level of theplanar section 80. Thereinforcement rod 50 acts as a reinforcement rod for concrete when the consumable assembly is used to form a concrete wall. Thefoot 70 of thefoot block 60 can then be filled with concrete. InFIG. 15 , it can also be seen how atongue 91 in theplanar section 80 that is left after thesupport 90 has been bent upwards can be used to secure theplanar section 80 to an insulatingpanel 29 placed under thefoot block 60. Thetongue 91 is preferably a pointed tongue. The pointedtongue 91 is bent downwards and pressed into the soft material of the insulatingpanel 29. The shape of the pointedtongue 91 corresponds to or mirrors the shape of a part of thesupport 90. - Reference is now made to
FIG. 17 . InFIG. 17 , aconcrete wall structure 11 is illustrated that uses afoot block 60 similar to thefoot block 60 illustrated inFIG. 13 andFIG. 14 . However, in the wall structure illustrated inFIG. 17 , thefoot block 60 has been turned upside-down such that thefoot 70 is now at the top of thefoot block 60. In this position, thefoot 70 can serve as a support for the next floor of a building that incorporates the concrete wall structure. InFIG. 17 , aslab 75 is shown resting on thefoot 70. Theslab 75 forms a ceiling for one storey in a building that incorporates thewall structure 11 and a floor for the next storey. Just like thefoot block 60 ofFIG. 14 , thefoot block 60 shown inFIG. 17 has asupport 90 partially separated from a plan top section of thefoot block 60. Thesupport 90 can be bent downwards to form a support for areinforcement rod 50. However, since thefoot block 60 illustrated inFIG. 17 is so oriented that thefoot 70 is at the top of the structure, thesupport 90 has been given a shape that differs from the shape disclosed inFIG. 15 . The support illustrated inFIG. 14 has a rod-receivinggroove 95 in which areinforcement rod 50 may be placed such that thereinforcement rod 50 is resting on thesupport 90. The rod-receivinggroove 95 is upwardly open when thesupport 90 is bent upwards from theplanar section 80. This structure may provide support for arod 50 that is resting on thesupport 90 but it cannot provide support for a reinforcement rod if thefoot block 60 is turned upside-down. However, thefoot block 60 illustrated inFIG. 17 may have a slightly different shape as illustrated more clearly inFIG. 18 . InFIG. 18 , it can be seen that thesupport 90 has agroove 96 that is upwardly open when thefoot block 60 is turned upside-down. In this way, thesupport 90 can be used also when thefoot block 60 is turned upside-down. Thesupport 90 illustrated inFIG. 18 also has agroove 95 that is upwardly open when thefoot block 60 is oriented such that thefoot 70 is at the bottom of the structure. In this way, thesupport 90 has a support groove in which a supportingrod 50 may rest regardless of whether thefoot block 60 is oriented with thefoot 70 in a bottom position or a top position. Variations are possible. For example, thegrooves FIGS. 15 and 18 can be replaced by a hole in thesupport 90 that shaped in such a way that it completely surrounds thereinforcement rod 50. It should be understood that the idea of using asupport 90 that can be bent upwards is an idea that can be used independently of the other features disclosed in this application. Hence, the applicant may claim independent patent protection for that feature. - Reference will now be made to
FIGS. 19-21 . InFIG. 21 , it can be seen how aside plate 12 for a consumable wall forming assembly has a majorplanar section 13 that is covered bystrips 120 of double-sided adhesive tape. Thestrips 120 have aremovable liner 121. When theside plates 12 are manufactured, strips 120 of double-sided tape can be applied to the front of theside plates 12 such that an adhesive on the back of the strips will fasten the strips to theside plates 12. Adhesive on the other side of the tape is covered by theliner 121. When the consumable assembly has been used to form a concrete wall structure, theliner 121 may be removed from thestrips 120 on theside plate 12 such that anadhesive surface 122 of the tape becomes exposed. It is then possible to use place a covering element against the side plate and secure it such that the double-sided tape on thestrips 120 fastens the covering element to theside plate 12. The covering element may be, for example, a gypsum board. In this way, a method for making wall structures is provided which includes the above-mentioned steps of using a side plate with a double-sided tape, removing the liner and adding a covering element. It should be understood that the idea of using side plates with strips of double-sided adhesive tape can advantageously be used in combination with the kind of side plates described with reference toFIGS. 2A-3 . However, it should also be understood that any kind of side plate for a consumable wall forming assembly might be provided withstrips 120 of double-sided adhesive tape. It should also be understood that patent rights for the use of double-sided adhesive tape for a side plate of a consumable assembly may claimed independently. - Yet another use of double-sided tape will now be explained with reference to
FIG. 19 andFIG. 20 . Sometimes, it may be desirable to use side plates that are very wide. As has been explained above, a rectangular side plate can realistically have a width of 200-400 mm. However, the side plates can also be much wider. In such cases, the distance between theedge flanges side plate 12 from flexing and attain a curved shape when wet concrete is poured into the consumable assembly. To overcome this problem, strips 120 of double-sided adhesive tape can be placed against aninterior surface 24 of theside plates 12. Theside plates 12 are delivered to the building site with thestrips 120 applied to the side plates but the removable liner still covers the tape. During assembly, the liner is removed and angle bars 130 are pressed against thestrips 120 and become fastened to theinterior surface 24 of theside plate 12. The angle bars 130 can have through-holes 20 similar to the through-holes 20 in theedge flanges Side plates 12 belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure can then be joined bytie members 18 provided withlugs 26 that are inserted in the through-holes 20 of the angle bars 130. As indicated inFIG. 19 , thetie members 18 may be provided with structure to hold insulatingpanels 29.FIG. 20 is a front view of one of theside plates 12 illustrated in -
FIG. 19 . InFIG. 20 , a possible positioning of the double-sided tape is indicated. By usingstrips 120 of double-sided tape on the interior surface of theside plate 12, it becomes possible to fastenangle irons 130 and hence also to hold together verywide side plates 12 bytie members 18. It should be understood that the term “interior surface” refers to those surfaces of theside plates 12 that are facing each other when the assembly has been put together as indicated inFIG. 19 . - A suitable double-sided tape may be, for example, the tape sold by 3M under the name 3M™ VHB™ Tape 4611. The
side plate 12 can be, for example, such a side plate that has been described above with reference toFIGS. 2A-2G andFIG. 3 . However, the basic idea of using double-sided adhesive tape on an interior surface of a side plate in order to fasten elements such asangle irons 130 can be used on any kind of side plate for a consumable wall forming assembly. Similarly, the idea of using double-sided adhesive tape on an interior surface of a side plate in order to fasten elements such asangle irons 130 can be used in combination with such atie member 18 as has been described above with reference toFIGS. 4-8 but it can also be used in combination with any kind of tie member for a consumable assembly. - In
FIG. 22 , a different embodiment of a wall structure is illustrated.FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view from above where anempty space 400 has been created inside the wall structure. Theempty space 400 can be used forwater pipes 200. Theempty space 400 can be accomplished by using narrower insulatingpanels 29N held in thegrooves 28 oftie members 18. Thesame tie members 18 that hold the narrower insulatingpanels 29N also hold wider insulatingpanels 29.Lugs 27 of thetie members 28 may actually penetrate and extend into the body of the wider insulatingpanels 29. Theempty space 400 can also be used for other purposes, e.g. electrical cables or ventilation. Theempty space 400 can also improve heat insulating properties of the wall structure. It can also suppress sound. Thetie members 18 andside panels 12 used in the wall structure illustrated inFIG. 22 are preferably shaped as the side plates and tie members illustrated inFIGS. 2A-2G ,FIG. 3 andFIGS. 4-8 but other tie members and side plates can also be used for the wall structure illustrated inFIG. 22 . -
FIG. 23 illustrates a narrowerinsulating panel 29N that can be used in connection with anempty space 400 in a wall structure. This narrowinsulating panel 29N has agroove 300 so that a largediameter water pipe 200 can be received in theempty space 400. - The various elements described above such as the side plate with the reinforcement grooves, the tie member and the foot block may advantageously be combined with each other but can also be used in combination with conventional elements. For example, the inventive side plates may be used together with conventional tie members and be combined to a wall forming assembly and used to form a wall.
- The use of side plates with a reinforcement groove makes it possible to form higher wall structures in one single step without substantial deformation of individual side plates. Furthermore, it becomes easier to apply a sealing compound between adjacent side plates. Since the channel formed by the grooves of adjacent plates is externally visible and accessible after concrete has been poured into the assembly, it is easy to apply a sealing compound. The exterior (outer) surfaces of the plates that do not come into contact with the concrete will thus be separated also by the sealing compound The use of tie members with supporting extensions that can straddle the edge flanges of adjacent side plates makes it possible to increase flexibility and combine side plates with each other in many more ways than otherwise possible. In addition, the same cutouts that enable the supporting extensions to straddle the edge flanges also make it easier for the concrete to flow without being unnecessarily obstructed. The use of a foot block as described above provides a structure with a high degree of stability. Additionally, a foot block can be turned upside down as described to provide support for a slab that forms a floor. The use of double-sided adhesive tape makes it possible to hold together side plates that are very wide. Additionally, the use of double-sided tape makes it possible to secure covering elements such as gypsum board directly on the wall structure to become a part of the wall structure.
Claims (16)
1-15. (canceled)
16. A consumable assembly for forming a concrete wall structure, the assembly comprising side plates having major planar sections forming opposite sides of the wall structure and peripheral edge flanges substantially perpendicular to the major planar sections of the side plates, the assembly further comprising transverse tie members for interconnecting side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure and hold said side plates in a spaced apart substantially parallel relationship with respect to each other, wherein parallel edge flanges of the side plates are separated from the major planar section of the side plate by grooves, such that, when two side plates are brought together, the grooves of adjacent plates form a channel that separates the exterior surfaces of the two plates and is externally visible.
17. A consumable assembly according to claim 16 , wherein the side plates are rectangular side plates having four edge flanges and in that each edge flange of a side plate is separated from the major planar section of the side plate by a groove.
18. A consumable assembly according to claim 16 , wherein the edge flanges have through-holes such that adjacent side plates can be joined to each other by fasteners extending through the through-holes of edge flanges of adjacent side plates.
19. A consumable assembly according to claim 16 , wherein the transverse tie members are provided with guide structure to hold the side plates and their edge flanges in vertical alignment when the tie members are connected in situ to interconnect side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure, the guide structure comprising supporting extensions designed to extend to an interior surface of the side plate planar section when the tie members are connected in situ and the supporting extensions being spaced from each other and separated from each other by a cutout or groove in the tie member such that a tie member may straddle the edge flanges of two adjacent side plates to allow supporting extensions of one and the same tie member to contact different but neighbouring side plates.
20. A consumable assembly according to claim 19 , wherein the transverse tie members are provided with lugs that can be inserted through the through-holes of adjacent side plates to connect adjacent side plates to each other and in that the transverse tie members further are provided with structure defining grooves in which insulating panels may be inserted and held between side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure.
21. A consumable assembly according to claim 20 , wherein the transverse tie members are provided with cutouts for holding and supporting concrete reinforcing rods.
22. A consumable assembly according to claim 21 , wherein the transverse tie members are rigid plate-like members and in that the supporting extensions for holding side plates in vertical alignment are spaced from each other in the vertical dimension when the tie members are connected in situ.
23. A consumable assembly according to claim 18 , wherein at least some of the side plates are designed such that each edge flange is substantially planar without projections such that the planar edge flanges of two adjacent side plates may be brought into contact with each other and in that each edge flange is provided with through-holes, the through-holes of each edge flange being spaced at uniform distances such that the through-holes in the edge flange of one side plate can be made to coincide with through-holes in the edge flange of another side plate when one of the side plates is placed vertically on top of the other.
24. A concrete wall structure comprising a plurality of side plates having major planar sections with exterior surfaces and forming opposite sides of the wall structure between which at least one layer of concrete is placed, the side plates being provided with peripheral edge flanges substantially perpendicular to the major planar sections of the side plates and holding said side plates in a spaced apart substantially parallel relationship with respect to each other, wherein the adjacent edge flanges of at least two neighbouring side plates are separated from the major planar section of their respective side plate by a groove in such a way that the grooves of the adjacent edge flanges together form a channel separating the exterior surfaces of the major planar sections of the neighbouring side plates from each other.
25. A concrete wall structure according to claim 24 , wherein at least one insulating panel is located in the space separating opposite sides of the wall structure such that the concrete wall structure is a sandwich structure comprising at least one layer formed by an insulating panel and at least two concrete layers separated from each other by the at least one insulating panel.
26. A concrete wall structure according to claim 25 , wherein the transverse tie members are provided with structure defining grooves in which the ends of the at least one insulating panel may be inserted and held between side plates belonging to opposite sides of the wall structure.
27. A concrete wall structure according to claim 24 , wherein a sealing compound is placed in the channel or channels separating the major planar sections of neighbouring side plates from each other.
28. A rectangular side plate for a consumable wall assembly, the side plate having a major planar section and peripheral edge flanges substantially perpendicular to the major planar section of the side plate, at least some of the edge flanges having through-holes enabling fasteners to be inserted such that the side plate can be connected to another side plate having an edge flange with a corresponding through-hole or a lug, wherein at least one edge flange of the side plate is separated from the major planar section of the side plate by a groove.
29. A side plate according to claim 28 , wherein the major planar section is provided with outwardly projecting louvered slot arrangements in order to provide projections upon which finishing materials may be anchored.
30. A side plate according to claim 28 , wherein all edge flanges of the side plate are provided with through-holes.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0301300A SE526311C2 (en) | 2003-05-05 | 2003-05-05 | A consumable unit for forming a concrete wall structure, a concrete wall structure formed with the unit and a side plate for use in the unit |
SE0301300-0 | 2003-05-05 | ||
PCT/SE2004/000692 WO2004099520A1 (en) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-05-05 | A consumable assembly for forming a concrete wall structure, a concrete wall structure formed with the assembly and a side plate for use in the assembly |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20070095014A1 true US20070095014A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
Family
ID=20291202
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/555,639 Abandoned US20070095014A1 (en) | 2003-05-05 | 2004-05-05 | Consumable assembly for forming a concrete wall structure, a concrete wall structure formed with the assembly and a side plate for use in the assembly |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070095014A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1627115A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100552156C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004236616A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2005135038A (en) |
SE (1) | SE526311C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004099520A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105588956A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-05-18 | 无锡市金力电力成套设备有限公司 | Current detection-based cable trouble shooting hanging device |
USD872566S1 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-01-14 | Carlo Verelli | Rebar chair base |
GB2531929B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2020-10-28 | Mi Llc | Method and apparatus for coating a screen |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009016691A1 (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-10-14 | Thomas Friedrich | Concrete dowels for connecting concrete shells |
CN107514146B (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2023-08-08 | 广州市第四装修有限公司 | Suspended ceiling installation alignment device |
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US6167669B1 (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 2001-01-02 | Louis Joseph Lanc | Concrete plastic unit CPU |
US6253515B1 (en) * | 1996-02-02 | 2001-07-03 | Peter Kuelker | Concrete panel construction |
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-
2003
- 2003-05-05 SE SE0301300A patent/SE526311C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-05-05 EP EP04731278A patent/EP1627115A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-05 AU AU2004236616A patent/AU2004236616A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-05-05 RU RU2005135038/03A patent/RU2005135038A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-05-05 US US10/555,639 patent/US20070095014A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-05-05 WO PCT/SE2004/000692 patent/WO2004099520A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-05-05 CN CNB2004800178263A patent/CN100552156C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US2017973A (en) * | 1934-07-16 | 1935-10-22 | Samuel A Jenkins | Steel building unit |
US2919572A (en) * | 1956-06-27 | 1960-01-05 | Victor H Salzi | Wall forming means |
US3676967A (en) * | 1970-07-01 | 1972-07-18 | Augustus Frati | Forms for concrete wall construction |
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GB2531929B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2020-10-28 | Mi Llc | Method and apparatus for coating a screen |
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USD872566S1 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-01-14 | Carlo Verelli | Rebar chair base |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE0301300L (en) | 2004-11-06 |
CN1813112A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
SE526311C2 (en) | 2005-08-23 |
AU2004236616A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
EP1627115A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
RU2005135038A (en) | 2006-06-10 |
CN100552156C (en) | 2009-10-21 |
SE0301300D0 (en) | 2003-05-05 |
WO2004099520A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
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Owner name: ASTRUM AKTIEBOLAG,SWEDEN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NILSEN, CHRISTOPHER;REEL/FRAME:024041/0543 Effective date: 20100127 |
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