US20070060808A1 - Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same - Google Patents

Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20070060808A1
US20070060808A1 US11/225,295 US22529505A US2007060808A1 US 20070060808 A1 US20070060808 A1 US 20070060808A1 US 22529505 A US22529505 A US 22529505A US 2007060808 A1 US2007060808 A1 US 2007060808A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
sensor
set forth
fluid
damping structure
providing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/225,295
Inventor
Carine Hoarau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC
Original Assignee
Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC filed Critical Nellcor Puritan Bennett LLC
Priority to US11/225,295 priority Critical patent/US20070060808A1/en
Assigned to NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT INCORPORATED reassignment NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HOARAU, CARINE
Priority to TW095133515A priority patent/TW200722039A/en
Priority to PCT/US2006/035493 priority patent/WO2007033177A2/en
Publication of US20070060808A1 publication Critical patent/US20070060808A1/en
Priority to US12/836,306 priority patent/US8260391B2/en
Priority to US13/544,263 priority patent/US8971979B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6825Hand
    • A61B5/6826Finger
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A61B5/14552Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6838Clamps or clips
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7203Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
    • A61B5/7207Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to medical devices and, more particularly, to sensors used for sensing physiological parameters of a patient.
  • Pulse oximetry may be used to measure various blood flow characteristics, such as the blood-oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in arterial blood, the volume of individual blood pulsations supplying the tissue, and/or the rate of blood pulsations corresponding to each heartbeat of a patient.
  • the “pulse” in pulse oximetry refers to the time varying amount of arterial blood in the tissue during each cardiac cycle.
  • Pulse oximeters typically utilize a non-invasive sensor that transmits light through a patient's tissue and that photoelectrically detects the absorption and/or scattering of the transmitted light in such tissue. One or more of the above physiological characteristics may then be calculated based upon the amount of light absorbed or scattered. More specifically, the light passed through the tissue is typically selected to be of one or more wavelengths that may be absorbed or scattered by the blood in an amount correlative to the amount of the blood constituent present in the blood. The amount of light absorbed and/or scattered may then be used to estimate the amount of blood constituent in the tissue using various algorithms.
  • Pulse oximetry readings depend on pulsation of blood through the tissue. Thus, any event that interferes with the ability of the sensor to detect that pulsation can cause variability in these measurements. Motion artifacts occur when a patient's movements cause interference in the signal detected by the sensor. Motion artifacts can also occur in response to outside forces acting on the sensor. For example, a patient may be jostled by healthcare workers in emergency room settings. The type of force acting on a sensor will determine the nature of the motion artifact.
  • sensors are vulnerable to motion artifacts when the optical distance, or path length, between a sensor's emitter and detector varies due to an undesired mechanical change in the conformation of the sensor while in use.
  • the mechanical deformation of the sensor may be in the form of a compression of the sensor, causing a decrease in path length.
  • a sensor may flex or move in a manner that increases the distance between an emitter and detector, resulting in an increase in path length.
  • variability in the optical path length due to motion can cause motion artifacts and obscure the desired pulse oximetry signal.
  • a sensor that includes a sensor body, and an emitter and a detector disposed on the sensor body.
  • the sensor also includes a motion damping structure associated with the sensor body, whereby the motion damping structure is adapted to damp a force experienced by the sensor body.
  • a pulse oximetry system that includes: a pulse oximetry monitor; and a pulse oximetry sensor adapted to be operatively coupled to the monitor.
  • the sensor includes a sensor body, and an emitter and a detector disposed on the sensor body.
  • the sensor also includes a motion damping structure associated with the sensor body, whereby the motion damping structure is adapted to damp a force experienced by the sensor body.
  • a method of operating a sensor that includes damping a mechanical force affecting a sensor such that an effective force experienced by at least one of a emitter or a detector is less than the mechanical force.
  • a method of manufacturing a sensor that includes providing a sensor body on which an emitter and a detector are disposed. The method also includes providing a motion damping structure disposed on the sensor body.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a clip-style pulse oximetry sensor featuring a dashpot
  • FIG. 1B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pulse oximetry sensor of FIG. 1A applied to a patient digit that is pressing against an object;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a bandage-style pulse oximetry sensor applied to a patient's digit, whereby the sensor includes an impact-absorbing chamber at one end of the sensor;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of an alternate exemplary embodiment of a bandage-style pulse oximetry sensor with a fluid-filled impact-absorbing chamber disposed along the body of the sensor;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a forehead pulse oximetry sensor whereby the emitter and detector are disposed within impact-absorbing chambers;
  • FIG. 5A illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a bandage-style pulse oximetry sensor having a series of interconnected impact-absorbing chambers
  • FIG. 5B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pulse oximetry sensor of FIG. 5A applied to a patient digit that is flexed at the first finger joint;
  • FIG. 6A illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of an exemplary clip-style pulse oximetry sensor with an impact-absorbing foam disposed on the surface that does not contact a patient's tissue during normal use according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pulse oximetry sensor of FIG. 6A ;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a pulse oximetry system coupled to a multi-parameter patient monitor and a sensor according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • sensors for pulse oximetry or other applications utilizing spectrophotometry that reduce motion artifacts by damping the effects of patient movement or outside forces.
  • sensors are provided that have various motion damping mechanisms adapted to reduce the effect of motion or outside forces on a pulse oximetry measurement.
  • Motion artifacts in pulse oximetry are often generated by the movement of the pulse oximetry sensor relative to the optically probed tissue, which is typically caused by patient movement. Because pulse oximetry is often used in settings where it is difficult to prevent patient motion, it is desirable to provide a mechanism for reducing the effects of motion on the pulse oximetry measurement. For example, a squeezing motion by a patient may mechanically deform a sensor, causing the sensor's emitter and detector to change position relative to one another, resulting in a motion artifact. The squeezing motion may be damped by converting the mechanical energy of patient movement into thermal energy by damping the force with an impact-absorbing fluid or solid, thus dissipating the force and reducing mechanical deformation of the sensor.
  • the force of squeezing may be damped such that the effective force experienced by the sensor's emitter and/or detector is reduced, and the relative change in the position of the emitter relative to the detector is also reduced.
  • outsides forces such as the mechanical force of an object pressing against a sensor, can be damped by absorbing the force such that the effective force experienced by the sensor components is reduced.
  • Mechanical forces including those caused by translational and/or kinetic energy of an object, may be impeded by opposing forces.
  • a force acts on a pulse oximetry sensor, it is opposed by the inertia of the sensor as well as the opposing force of a damper.
  • the amplitude of the mechanical energy of movement is attenuated through energy lost to inertia and damping. For example, energy may be lost to viscous damping with a fluid, or by yielding or plastic straining of a damping material. Additionally, some energy will be converted to thermal energy through frictional forces.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates an exemplary clip-type sensor 10 A appropriate for use on a patient's digit 12 .
  • the sensor 10 A has a dashpot 14 disposed on the sensor body 16 , a cross-sectional view of which is illustrated in FIG. 1B .
  • a dashpot 14 is a mechanical device used to damp motion that includes a piston 18 that moves through a cylinder 20 containing a fluid 22 .
  • the dashpot 14 is partially embedded in the sensor body 16 such that the piston 18 protrudes from the sensor body 16 on a surface 24 that does not contact the sensor site of the patient's tissue during normal use.
  • a force applied to the piston 18 causes the piston 18 to move through the fluid 22 in the direction shown by arrow 28 .
  • the piston 18 pushes through the fluid 22 , the mechanical energy of the force acting on the piston 18 is converted into thermal energy.
  • the damping force is proportional to the velocity of the piston 18 and the viscosity of the fluid 22 through which the piston moves.
  • the dashpot 14 damps motion caused by tapping or pressing the sensor 10 A against an object 26 .
  • the sensor 10 A may have multiple dashpots 14 disposed on the sensor body 16 on the surface 24 that does not contact the sensor site of the patient's tissue during normal use. It may be advantageous to provide motion damping mechanisms on multiple sides of the sensor 10 A, as it is difficult to predict the types of motion that the sensor 10 A may experience.
  • dashpots 14 may be distributed on the sensor body 16 in locations directly opposing each other across the digit 12 .
  • a dashpot 14 according to the present technique may be adapted to damp forces applied at various angles.
  • the piston 18 may be adapted move through the fluid 22 at an angle that corresponds to the angle with which the force was applied.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a bandage-type sensor 10 B applied to a patient digit 30 .
  • the sensor 10 B has an impact-absorbing chamber 32 that contains a fluid 34 .
  • the impact-absorbing chamber 32 is disposed on the sensor 10 B such that it correlates with the fingertip region of the digit 30 .
  • the fluid 34 in the impact-absorbing chamber 32 damps energy caused by pressing or tapping a fingertip against an object.
  • the impact-absorbing chamber 32 is flexible and not completely filled with fluid, and is thus compressible in response to an applied force.
  • the mechanical energy of the pressing or tapping is damped through conversion to thermal energy and/or absorbed by the physical deformation of the fluid in an amount proportional to the force applied.
  • the motion is damped and the effective force experienced by the emitter 36 and the detector 38 is reduced as a consequence.
  • an impact-absorbing chamber 42 may be disposed on a sensor 10 C such that the impact-absorbing chamber 42 covers the surface 40 of the sensor body 44 that does not contact the tissue during normal use.
  • the fluid 46 in the impact-absorbing chamber 42 will physically impede a finger squeezing motion as well as damp the mechanical energy associated with the motion.
  • the sensor 10 C remains substantially stable.
  • the emitter 48 and the detector 50 also remain substantially unaffected by the motion.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a reflectance-type sensor 10 D adapted for use on a patient's forehead.
  • the sensor 10 D has impact-absorbing chambers 56 and 58 containing a fluid 60 .
  • the impact-absorbing chambers 56 and 58 enclose an emitter 52 and a detector 54 , respectively.
  • the emitter 52 and the detector 54 are surrounded by the fluid 60 , which absorbs outside forces, thereby reducing the transmission of outside forces to the emitter 52 and the detector 54 .
  • the impact-absorbing chambers 56 and 58 also protect the emitter 52 and the detector 54 from damage during the period of use of the sensor 10 D.
  • Such an arrangement may be advantageous in outpatient situations in which it is contemplated that a patient may be ambulatory, and the sensor 10 C may be subject to higher-than-normal outside forces.
  • FIG. 5A illustrates an exemplary bandage-style sensor 10 E adapted for use on a digit 62 .
  • the sensor 10 E has a plurality of impact-absorbing chambers 64 connected by respective orifices 66 , wherein the orifices 66 are sized so as to restrict the flow rate of a fluid 68 between the impact-absorbing chambers 64 .
  • FIG. 5B as the digit 62 moves in a squeezing motion, the fluid 68 passes through the orifices 66 and is redistributed through the impact-absorbing chambers 64 in response to the movement.
  • the impact-absorbing chambers 64 are partially full of the fluid 68 .
  • the redistribution of the fluid 68 serves to damp the energy generated by the digit 62 moving in space. Specifically, the force of the digit 62 movement is opposed by the force required to push the fluid 68 through the orifices 66 . The damped force experienced by the sensor 10 E is thus reduced by roughly the amount of the opposing force provided by the damping mechanism.
  • the fluid (e.g. fluid 22 , fluid 34 , fluid 46 , fluid 60 , or fluid 68 ) described in the above embodiments may be any suitable fluid with the appropriate rheological properties for damping mechanical energy, such as a viscoelastic fluid or gel.
  • the fluid may be air or other gases and gas mixtures.
  • the fluid may be an oil or liquid, such as mineral oil.
  • suitable fluids include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycol, liquid silicone, magnetorheological fluids, and polyurethane polymer gels. It is contemplated that the fluid may be a mixture of liquid and gas.
  • it may be desirable employ a gas or gas mixture for reasons related to cost, manufacturing convenience, and total sensor weight. In situations where a sensor may be exposed to more extreme outside forces, it may be desirable to employ a viscoelastic oil, as oils generally provide more efficient damping than gases.
  • impact-absorbing solids and/or foams with viscoelastic properties may be appropriate for mechanical damping of motion to reduce motion artifacts in a pulse oximetry sensor.
  • a clip-style sensor 10 F is illustrated in FIG. 6A that has an impact-absorbing foam 70 disposed over a non-tissue-contacting surface 72 of the sensor body 74 .
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the sensor 10 F.
  • the impact-absorbing foam 70 dissipates the effect of an outside force on the sensor 10 F.
  • the impact absorbing foam 70 is disposed on the tissue-contacting surface of the sensor 10 F.
  • Impact-absorbing solids and foams according to the present invention include, but are not limited to, neoprene, silicone, rubber, Sorbothane® (available from Sorbothane, Incorporated), and ISODAMP® SD or CONFOR® foams (available from E-A-R Specialty Composites).
  • a sensor illustrated generically as a sensor 10
  • a pulse oximetry monitor 76 may be used in conjunction with a pulse oximetry monitor 76 , as illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • the cable 78 of the sensor 10 may be coupled to the monitor 76 or it may be coupled to a transmission device (not shown) to facilitate wireless transmission between the sensor 10 and the monitor 76 .
  • the monitor 76 may be any suitable pulse oximeter, such as those available from Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc.
  • the monitor 76 may be coupled to a multi-parameter patient monitor 80 via a cable 82 connected to a sensor input port or via a cable 84 connected to a digital communication port.
  • the sensor 10 includes an emitter 86 and a detector 88 that may be of any suitable type.
  • the emitter 86 may be one or more light emitting diodes adapted to transmit one or more wavelengths of light in the red to infrared range
  • the detector 88 may be a photodetector selected to receive light in the range or ranges emitted from the emitter 86 .
  • the oxygen saturation of the patient's arterial blood may be determined using two or more wavelengths of light, most commonly red and near infrared wavelengths.
  • a tissue water fraction (or other body fluid related metric) or a concentration of one or more biochemical components in an aqueous environment may be measured using two or more wavelengths of light, most commonly near infrared wavelengths between about 1,000 nm to about 2,500 nm.
  • the term “light” may refer to one or more of infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or even X-ray electromagnetic radiation, and may also include any wavelength within the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray spectra.
  • the emitter 86 and the detector 88 may be disposed on a sensor body 90 , which may be made of any suitable material, such as plastic, foam, woven material, or paper. Alternatively, the emitter 86 and the detector 88 may be remotely located and optically coupled to the sensor 10 using optical fibers.
  • the sensor 10 is coupled to a cable 78 that is responsible for transmitting electrical and/or optical signals to and from the emitter 86 and detector 88 of the sensor 10 .
  • the cable 78 may be permanently coupled to the sensor 10 , or it may be removably coupled to the sensor 10 —the latter alternative being more useful and cost efficient in situations where the sensor 10 is disposable.
  • the sensor 10 may be a “transmission type” sensor.
  • Transmission type sensors include an emitter 86 and detector 88 that are typically placed on opposing sides of the sensor site. If the sensor site is a fingertip, for example, the sensor 10 is positioned over the patient's fingertip such that the emitter 86 and detector 88 lie on either side of the patient's nail bed. In other words, the sensor 10 is positioned so that the emitter 86 is located on the patient's fingernail and the detector 88 is located 180° opposite the emitter 86 on the patient's finger pad. During operation, the emitter 86 shines one or more wavelengths of light through the patient's fingertip and the light received by the detector 88 is processed to determine various physiological characteristics of the patient.
  • the locations of the emitter 86 and the detector 88 may be exchanged.
  • the detector 88 may be located at the top of the finger and the emitter 86 may be located underneath the finger. In either arrangement, the sensor 10 will perform in substantially the same manner.
  • Reflectance type sensors generally operate under the same general principles as transmittance type sensors. However, reflectance type sensors include an emitter 86 and detector 88 that are typically placed on the same side of the sensor site. For example, a reflectance type sensor may be placed on a patient's fingertip or forehead such that the emitter 86 and detector 88 lie side-by-side. Reflectance type sensors detect light photons that are scattered back to the detector 88 .

Abstract

A sensor may be adapted to reduce motion artifacts by damping the effects of outside forces and sensor motion. A sensor is provided with a motion damping structure adapted to reduce the effect of motion of a sensor emitter and/or detector. Further, a method of damping outside forces and sensor motion is also provided.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention
  • The present invention relates generally to medical devices and, more particularly, to sensors used for sensing physiological parameters of a patient.
  • 2. Description of the Related Art
  • This section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the present invention, which are described and/or claimed below. This discussion is believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the various aspects of the present invention. Accordingly, it should be understood that these statements are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of prior art
  • In the field of medicine, doctors often desire to monitor certain physiological characteristics of their patients. Accordingly, a wide variety of devices have been developed for monitoring many such physiological characteristics. Such devices provide doctors and other healthcare personnel with the information they need to provide the best possible healthcare for their patients. As a result, such monitoring devices have become an indispensable part of modern medicine.
  • One technique for monitoring certain physiological characteristics of a patient is commonly referred to as pulse oximetry, and the devices built based upon pulse oximetry techniques are commonly referred to as pulse oximeters. Pulse oximetry may be used to measure various blood flow characteristics, such as the blood-oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in arterial blood, the volume of individual blood pulsations supplying the tissue, and/or the rate of blood pulsations corresponding to each heartbeat of a patient. In fact, the “pulse” in pulse oximetry refers to the time varying amount of arterial blood in the tissue during each cardiac cycle.
  • Pulse oximeters typically utilize a non-invasive sensor that transmits light through a patient's tissue and that photoelectrically detects the absorption and/or scattering of the transmitted light in such tissue. One or more of the above physiological characteristics may then be calculated based upon the amount of light absorbed or scattered. More specifically, the light passed through the tissue is typically selected to be of one or more wavelengths that may be absorbed or scattered by the blood in an amount correlative to the amount of the blood constituent present in the blood. The amount of light absorbed and/or scattered may then be used to estimate the amount of blood constituent in the tissue using various algorithms.
  • Pulse oximetry readings depend on pulsation of blood through the tissue. Thus, any event that interferes with the ability of the sensor to detect that pulsation can cause variability in these measurements. Motion artifacts occur when a patient's movements cause interference in the signal detected by the sensor. Motion artifacts can also occur in response to outside forces acting on the sensor. For example, a patient may be jostled by healthcare workers in emergency room settings. The type of force acting on a sensor will determine the nature of the motion artifact.
  • Generally, sensors are vulnerable to motion artifacts when the optical distance, or path length, between a sensor's emitter and detector varies due to an undesired mechanical change in the conformation of the sensor while in use. The mechanical deformation of the sensor may be in the form of a compression of the sensor, causing a decrease in path length. Alternately, a sensor may flex or move in a manner that increases the distance between an emitter and detector, resulting in an increase in path length. In any case, variability in the optical path length due to motion can cause motion artifacts and obscure the desired pulse oximetry signal.
  • SUMMARY
  • Certain aspects commensurate in scope with the originally claimed invention are set forth below. It should be understood that these aspects are presented merely to provide the reader with a brief summary of certain forms that the invention might take and that these aspects are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Indeed, the invention may encompass a variety of aspects that may not be set forth below.
  • There is provided a sensor that includes a sensor body, and an emitter and a detector disposed on the sensor body. The sensor also includes a motion damping structure associated with the sensor body, whereby the motion damping structure is adapted to damp a force experienced by the sensor body.
  • There is also provided a pulse oximetry system that includes: a pulse oximetry monitor; and a pulse oximetry sensor adapted to be operatively coupled to the monitor. The sensor includes a sensor body, and an emitter and a detector disposed on the sensor body. The sensor also includes a motion damping structure associated with the sensor body, whereby the motion damping structure is adapted to damp a force experienced by the sensor body.
  • There is also provided a method of operating a sensor that includes damping a mechanical force affecting a sensor such that an effective force experienced by at least one of a emitter or a detector is less than the mechanical force.
  • There is also provided a method of manufacturing a sensor that includes providing a sensor body on which an emitter and a detector are disposed. The method also includes providing a motion damping structure disposed on the sensor body.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Advantages of the invention may become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a clip-style pulse oximetry sensor featuring a dashpot;
  • FIG. 1B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pulse oximetry sensor of FIG. 1A applied to a patient digit that is pressing against an object;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a bandage-style pulse oximetry sensor applied to a patient's digit, whereby the sensor includes an impact-absorbing chamber at one end of the sensor;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of an alternate exemplary embodiment of a bandage-style pulse oximetry sensor with a fluid-filled impact-absorbing chamber disposed along the body of the sensor;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a forehead pulse oximetry sensor whereby the emitter and detector are disposed within impact-absorbing chambers;
  • FIG. 5A illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a bandage-style pulse oximetry sensor having a series of interconnected impact-absorbing chambers;
  • FIG. 5B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pulse oximetry sensor of FIG. 5A applied to a patient digit that is flexed at the first finger joint;
  • FIG. 6A illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of an exemplary clip-style pulse oximetry sensor with an impact-absorbing foam disposed on the surface that does not contact a patient's tissue during normal use according to the present invention;
  • FIG. 6B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pulse oximetry sensor of FIG. 6A; and
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a pulse oximetry system coupled to a multi-parameter patient monitor and a sensor according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
  • One or more specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In an effort to provide a concise description of these embodiments, not all features of an actual implementation are described in the specification. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
  • In accordance with the present technique, sensors for pulse oximetry or other applications utilizing spectrophotometry are provided that reduce motion artifacts by damping the effects of patient movement or outside forces. For example, sensors are provided that have various motion damping mechanisms adapted to reduce the effect of motion or outside forces on a pulse oximetry measurement.
  • Motion artifacts in pulse oximetry are often generated by the movement of the pulse oximetry sensor relative to the optically probed tissue, which is typically caused by patient movement. Because pulse oximetry is often used in settings where it is difficult to prevent patient motion, it is desirable to provide a mechanism for reducing the effects of motion on the pulse oximetry measurement. For example, a squeezing motion by a patient may mechanically deform a sensor, causing the sensor's emitter and detector to change position relative to one another, resulting in a motion artifact. The squeezing motion may be damped by converting the mechanical energy of patient movement into thermal energy by damping the force with an impact-absorbing fluid or solid, thus dissipating the force and reducing mechanical deformation of the sensor. The force of squeezing may be damped such that the effective force experienced by the sensor's emitter and/or detector is reduced, and the relative change in the position of the emitter relative to the detector is also reduced. Similarly, outsides forces, such as the mechanical force of an object pressing against a sensor, can be damped by absorbing the force such that the effective force experienced by the sensor components is reduced.
  • Mechanical forces, including those caused by translational and/or kinetic energy of an object, may be impeded by opposing forces. Specifically, as a force acts on a pulse oximetry sensor, it is opposed by the inertia of the sensor as well as the opposing force of a damper. The amplitude of the mechanical energy of movement is attenuated through energy lost to inertia and damping. For example, energy may be lost to viscous damping with a fluid, or by yielding or plastic straining of a damping material. Additionally, some energy will be converted to thermal energy through frictional forces.
  • Sensors are disclosed herein having a motion damping mechanism to reduce the effect of motion or outside forces on the measurements of physiological parameters, such as pulse oximetry measurements. FIG. 1A illustrates an exemplary clip-type sensor 10A appropriate for use on a patient's digit 12. The sensor 10A has a dashpot 14 disposed on the sensor body 16, a cross-sectional view of which is illustrated in FIG. 1B. A dashpot 14 is a mechanical device used to damp motion that includes a piston 18 that moves through a cylinder 20 containing a fluid 22. The dashpot 14 is partially embedded in the sensor body 16 such that the piston 18 protrudes from the sensor body 16 on a surface 24 that does not contact the sensor site of the patient's tissue during normal use. A force applied to the piston 18, such as tapping against an object 26, causes the piston 18 to move through the fluid 22 in the direction shown by arrow 28. As the piston 18 pushes through the fluid 22, the mechanical energy of the force acting on the piston 18 is converted into thermal energy. The damping force is proportional to the velocity of the piston 18 and the viscosity of the fluid 22 through which the piston moves. Thus, the dashpot 14 damps motion caused by tapping or pressing the sensor 10A against an object 26.
  • In other embodiments (not shown), the sensor 10A may have multiple dashpots 14 disposed on the sensor body 16 on the surface 24 that does not contact the sensor site of the patient's tissue during normal use. It may be advantageous to provide motion damping mechanisms on multiple sides of the sensor 10A, as it is difficult to predict the types of motion that the sensor 10A may experience. For example, dashpots 14 may be distributed on the sensor body 16 in locations directly opposing each other across the digit 12. Further, it should be understood that a dashpot 14 according to the present technique may be adapted to damp forces applied at various angles. The piston 18 may be adapted move through the fluid 22 at an angle that corresponds to the angle with which the force was applied.
  • In certain embodiments, a fluid may used to damp mechanical energy by other techniques. For reasons related to total sensor weight, it may be desirable to employ a lightweight motion damping device in conjunction with disposable sensors. For example, FIG. 2 illustrates a bandage-type sensor 10B applied to a patient digit 30. The sensor 10B has an impact-absorbing chamber 32 that contains a fluid 34. As depicted, the impact-absorbing chamber 32 is disposed on the sensor 10B such that it correlates with the fingertip region of the digit 30. The fluid 34 in the impact-absorbing chamber 32 damps energy caused by pressing or tapping a fingertip against an object. The impact-absorbing chamber 32 is flexible and not completely filled with fluid, and is thus compressible in response to an applied force. The mechanical energy of the pressing or tapping is damped through conversion to thermal energy and/or absorbed by the physical deformation of the fluid in an amount proportional to the force applied. Thus, the motion is damped and the effective force experienced by the emitter 36 and the detector 38 is reduced as a consequence.
  • In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, an impact-absorbing chamber 42 may be disposed on a sensor 10C such that the impact-absorbing chamber 42 covers the surface 40 of the sensor body 44 that does not contact the tissue during normal use. The fluid 46 in the impact-absorbing chamber 42 will physically impede a finger squeezing motion as well as damp the mechanical energy associated with the motion. As the energy of squeezing is absorbed by the fluid 46, the sensor 10C remains substantially stable. As a consequence, the emitter 48 and the detector 50 also remain substantially unaffected by the motion.
  • It is also contemplated that a fluid may damp mechanical energy to reduce its direct action on an emitter 52 or a detector 54. FIG. 4 illustrates a reflectance-type sensor 10D adapted for use on a patient's forehead. The sensor 10D has impact-absorbing chambers 56 and 58 containing a fluid 60. The impact-absorbing chambers 56 and 58 enclose an emitter 52 and a detector 54, respectively. The emitter 52 and the detector 54 are surrounded by the fluid 60, which absorbs outside forces, thereby reducing the transmission of outside forces to the emitter 52 and the detector 54. The impact-absorbing chambers 56 and 58 also protect the emitter 52 and the detector 54 from damage during the period of use of the sensor 10D. Such an arrangement may be advantageous in outpatient situations in which it is contemplated that a patient may be ambulatory, and the sensor 10C may be subject to higher-than-normal outside forces.
  • In another embodiment, FIG. 5A illustrates an exemplary bandage-style sensor 10E adapted for use on a digit 62. The sensor 10E has a plurality of impact-absorbing chambers 64 connected by respective orifices 66, wherein the orifices 66 are sized so as to restrict the flow rate of a fluid 68 between the impact-absorbing chambers 64. As shown in FIG. 5B, as the digit 62 moves in a squeezing motion, the fluid 68 passes through the orifices 66 and is redistributed through the impact-absorbing chambers 64 in response to the movement. The impact-absorbing chambers 64 are partially full of the fluid 68. The redistribution of the fluid 68 serves to damp the energy generated by the digit 62 moving in space. Specifically, the force of the digit 62 movement is opposed by the force required to push the fluid 68 through the orifices 66. The damped force experienced by the sensor 10E is thus reduced by roughly the amount of the opposing force provided by the damping mechanism.
  • The fluid (e.g. fluid 22, fluid 34, fluid 46, fluid 60, or fluid 68) described in the above embodiments may be any suitable fluid with the appropriate rheological properties for damping mechanical energy, such as a viscoelastic fluid or gel. In certain embodiments, the fluid may be air or other gases and gas mixtures. In other embodiments, the fluid may be an oil or liquid, such as mineral oil. Other examples of suitable fluids include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycol, liquid silicone, magnetorheological fluids, and polyurethane polymer gels. It is contemplated that the fluid may be a mixture of liquid and gas. In certain embodiments, it may be desirable employ a gas or gas mixture for reasons related to cost, manufacturing convenience, and total sensor weight. In situations where a sensor may be exposed to more extreme outside forces, it may be desirable to employ a viscoelastic oil, as oils generally provide more efficient damping than gases.
  • In certain embodiments, impact-absorbing solids and/or foams with viscoelastic properties may be appropriate for mechanical damping of motion to reduce motion artifacts in a pulse oximetry sensor. For example, a clip-style sensor 10F is illustrated in FIG. 6A that has an impact-absorbing foam 70 disposed over a non-tissue-contacting surface 72 of the sensor body 74. FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the sensor 10F. The impact-absorbing foam 70 dissipates the effect of an outside force on the sensor 10F. In another embodiment (not shown), the impact absorbing foam 70 is disposed on the tissue-contacting surface of the sensor 10F. Impact-absorbing solids and foams according to the present invention include, but are not limited to, neoprene, silicone, rubber, Sorbothane® (available from Sorbothane, Incorporated), and ISODAMP® SD or CONFOR® foams (available from E-A-R Specialty Composites).
  • A sensor, illustrated generically as a sensor 10, may be used in conjunction with a pulse oximetry monitor 76, as illustrated in FIG. 7. It should be appreciated that the cable 78 of the sensor 10 may be coupled to the monitor 76 or it may be coupled to a transmission device (not shown) to facilitate wireless transmission between the sensor 10 and the monitor 76. The monitor 76 may be any suitable pulse oximeter, such as those available from Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. Furthermore, to upgrade conventional pulse oximetry provided by the monitor 76 to provide additional functions, the monitor 76 may be coupled to a multi-parameter patient monitor 80 via a cable 82 connected to a sensor input port or via a cable 84 connected to a digital communication port.
  • The sensor 10 includes an emitter 86 and a detector 88 that may be of any suitable type. For example, the emitter 86 may be one or more light emitting diodes adapted to transmit one or more wavelengths of light in the red to infrared range, and the detector 88 may be a photodetector selected to receive light in the range or ranges emitted from the emitter 86. For pulse oximetry applications using either transmission or reflectance type sensors the oxygen saturation of the patient's arterial blood may be determined using two or more wavelengths of light, most commonly red and near infrared wavelengths. Similarly, in other applications, a tissue water fraction (or other body fluid related metric) or a concentration of one or more biochemical components in an aqueous environment may be measured using two or more wavelengths of light, most commonly near infrared wavelengths between about 1,000 nm to about 2,500 nm. It should be understood that, as used herein, the term “light” may refer to one or more of infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or even X-ray electromagnetic radiation, and may also include any wavelength within the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray spectra.
  • The emitter 86 and the detector 88 may be disposed on a sensor body 90, which may be made of any suitable material, such as plastic, foam, woven material, or paper. Alternatively, the emitter 86 and the detector 88 may be remotely located and optically coupled to the sensor 10 using optical fibers. In the depicted embodiments, the sensor 10 is coupled to a cable 78 that is responsible for transmitting electrical and/or optical signals to and from the emitter 86 and detector 88 of the sensor 10. The cable 78 may be permanently coupled to the sensor 10, or it may be removably coupled to the sensor 10—the latter alternative being more useful and cost efficient in situations where the sensor 10 is disposable.
  • The sensor 10 may be a “transmission type” sensor. Transmission type sensors include an emitter 86 and detector 88 that are typically placed on opposing sides of the sensor site. If the sensor site is a fingertip, for example, the sensor 10 is positioned over the patient's fingertip such that the emitter 86 and detector 88 lie on either side of the patient's nail bed. In other words, the sensor 10 is positioned so that the emitter 86 is located on the patient's fingernail and the detector 88 is located 180° opposite the emitter 86 on the patient's finger pad. During operation, the emitter 86 shines one or more wavelengths of light through the patient's fingertip and the light received by the detector 88 is processed to determine various physiological characteristics of the patient. In each of the embodiments discussed herein, it should be understood that the locations of the emitter 86 and the detector 88 may be exchanged. For example, the detector 88 may be located at the top of the finger and the emitter 86 may be located underneath the finger. In either arrangement, the sensor 10 will perform in substantially the same manner.
  • Reflectance type sensors generally operate under the same general principles as transmittance type sensors. However, reflectance type sensors include an emitter 86 and detector 88 that are typically placed on the same side of the sensor site. For example, a reflectance type sensor may be placed on a patient's fingertip or forehead such that the emitter 86 and detector 88 lie side-by-side. Reflectance type sensors detect light photons that are scattered back to the detector 88.
  • While the invention may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and have been described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Indeed, the present techniques may not only be applied to measurements of blood oxygen saturation, but these techniques may also be utilized for the measurement and/or analysis of other blood constituents. For example, using the same, different, or additional wavelengths, the present techniques may be utilized for the measurement and/or analysis of carboxyhemoglobin, met-hemoglobin, total hemoglobin, intravascular dyes, and/or water content. Rather, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following appended claims.

Claims (41)

1. A sensor comprising:
a sensor body;
an emitter and a detector disposed on the sensor body; and
a motion damping structure associated with the sensor body, wherein the motion damping structure is adapted to damp a force experienced by the sensor body.
2. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a pulse oximetry sensor or a sensor for measuring a water fraction.
3. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the emitter comprises at least one light emitting diode.
4. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the detector comprises at least one photodetector.
5. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a dashpot.
6. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a foam.
7. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the motion damping structure comprises viscoelastic solid.
8. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a fluid.
9. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the emitter is disposed within a chamber comprising a fluid.
10. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the detector is disposed within a chamber comprising a fluid.
11. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a plurality of impact-absorbing chambers connected by respective orifices, wherein the orifices are sized so as to restrict the flow rate of a fluid between the plurality of impact-absorbing chambers.
12. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises a bandage-type sensor.
13. The sensor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises a clip-type sensor.
14. A pulse oximetry system comprising:
a pulse oximetry monitor; and
a pulse oximetry sensor adapted to be operatively coupled to the monitor, the sensor comprising:
a sensor body;
an emitter and a detector disposed on the sensor body; and
a motion damping structure associated with the sensor body, wherein the motion damping structure is adapted to damp a force experienced by the sensor body.
15. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the emitter comprises at least one light emitting diode.
16. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the detector comprises at least one photodetector.
17. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a dashpot.
18. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a fluid.
19. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a foam.
20. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a viscoelastic solid.
21. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the emitter is disposed in a chamber comprising a fluid.
22. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the detector is disposed in a chamber comprising a fluid.
23. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the motion damping structure comprises a plurality of impact-absorbing chambers connected by respective orifices, wherein the orifices are sized so as to restrict the flow rate of a fluid between the plurality of impact-absorbing chambers.
24. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the sensor comprises a bandage-type sensor.
25. The system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the sensor comprises a clip-type sensor.
26. A method comprising:
damping a mechanical force affecting a sensor such that an effective force experienced by at least one of a emitter or a detector is less than the mechanical force.
27. The method, as set forth in claim 26, wherein damping the mechanical force comprises forcing ambient air through an orifice at a controlled rate to dissipate mechanical energy.
28. The method, as set forth in claim 26, wherein damping the mechanical force comprises forcing a fluid through a plurality of impact-absorbing chambers connected by respective orifices, wherein the orifices are sized so as to restrict the flow rate of the fluid between the plurality of impact-absorbing chambers.
29. The method, as set forth in claim 26, wherein damping the mechanical force comprises dissipating mechanical energy through a fluid.
30. The method, as set forth in claim 26, wherein damping the mechanical comprises dissipating mechanical energy through a foam.
31. The method, as set forth in claim 26, wherein damping the mechanical force comprises dissipating mechanical energy through a viscoelastic solid.
32. A method of manufacturing a sensor, comprising:
providing a sensor body on which an emitter and a detector are disposed; and
providing a motion damping structure disposed on the sensor body.
33. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a pulse oximetry sensor or a sensor for measuring a water fraction.
34. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the emitter comprises providing one or more light emitting diodes.
35. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the detector comprises providing one or more photodetectors.
36. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the motion damping structure comprises providing a dashpot.
37. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the motion damping structure comprises providing a chamber comprising a fluid.
38. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the motion damping structure comprises providing a chamber comprising a fluid within which the emitter is disposed.
39. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the motion damping structure comprises providing a foam disposed on the sensor body.
40. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the motion damping structure comprises providing a chamber comprising a fluid within which the detector is disposed.
41. The method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein providing the motion damping structure comprises providing a plurality of impact-absorbing chambers connected by respective orifices, wherein the orifices are sized so as to restrict the flow rate of a fluid between the plurality of impact-absorbing chambers.
US11/225,295 2005-09-12 2005-09-12 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same Abandoned US20070060808A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/225,295 US20070060808A1 (en) 2005-09-12 2005-09-12 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
TW095133515A TW200722039A (en) 2005-09-12 2006-09-11 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
PCT/US2006/035493 WO2007033177A2 (en) 2005-09-12 2006-09-12 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts
US12/836,306 US8260391B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2010-07-14 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US13/544,263 US8971979B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2012-07-09 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/225,295 US20070060808A1 (en) 2005-09-12 2005-09-12 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/836,306 Continuation US8260391B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2010-07-14 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20070060808A1 true US20070060808A1 (en) 2007-03-15

Family

ID=37667683

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/225,295 Abandoned US20070060808A1 (en) 2005-09-12 2005-09-12 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US12/836,306 Active 2025-12-28 US8260391B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2010-07-14 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US13/544,263 Active 2026-07-11 US8971979B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2012-07-09 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/836,306 Active 2025-12-28 US8260391B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2010-07-14 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US13/544,263 Active 2026-07-11 US8971979B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2012-07-09 Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (3) US20070060808A1 (en)
TW (1) TW200722039A (en)
WO (1) WO2007033177A2 (en)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7650177B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2010-01-19 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US7676253B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2010-03-09 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US20100081904A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Device And Method For Securing A Medical Sensor to An Infant's Head
WO2010073913A1 (en) * 2008-12-26 2010-07-01 コニカミノルタセンシング株式会社 Probe for measuring living body information
US7869849B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2011-01-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Opaque, electrically nonconductive region on a medical sensor
US7881762B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2011-02-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Clip-style medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7894869B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2011-02-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Multiple configuration medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7899510B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-03-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8073518B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2011-12-06 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Clip-style medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8145288B2 (en) 2006-08-22 2012-03-27 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8175671B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2012-05-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8190225B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2012-05-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8257274B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2012-09-04 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8346328B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2013-01-01 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8352010B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2013-01-08 Covidien Lp Folding medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8352004B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2013-01-08 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8352009B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2013-01-08 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8364220B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2013-01-29 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8396527B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2013-03-12 Covidien Lp Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8515515B2 (en) 2009-03-25 2013-08-20 Covidien Lp Medical sensor with compressible light barrier and technique for using the same
US8649839B2 (en) 1996-10-10 2014-02-11 Covidien Lp Motion compatible sensor for non-invasive optical blood analysis
US8781548B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2014-07-15 Covidien Lp Medical sensor with flexible components and technique for using the same
US10973415B2 (en) * 2009-02-25 2021-04-13 Valencell, Inc. Form-fitted monitoring apparatus for health and environmental monitoring
WO2021126117A1 (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-24 Istanbul Medipol Universitesi Pulse oximeter that is not affected from motion

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8290558B1 (en) * 2009-11-23 2012-10-16 Vioptix, Inc. Tissue oximeter intraoperative sensor
US9195900B2 (en) * 2011-11-21 2015-11-24 Pixart Imaging Inc. System and method based on hybrid biometric detection
JP2019514603A (en) 2016-05-09 2019-06-06 ベルン テクノロジー カンパニー リミテッドBelun Technology Company Limited Wearable device for healthcare and method therefor
GB2578120B (en) * 2018-10-16 2021-06-16 Medical Wireless Sensing Ltd Movement sensing clamp
CN111151980A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-15 蚌埠市荣盛金属制品有限公司 Method for manufacturing annular tension weighing sensor metal shell of special plate for climbing frame
US11213227B2 (en) * 2020-04-23 2022-01-04 Murata Vios, Inc. Pulse oximeter

Citations (77)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3403555A (en) * 1966-07-18 1968-10-01 Versaci Flowmeter
US3536545A (en) * 1968-05-13 1970-10-27 Rogers Corp Method of making electrical members
US4098772A (en) * 1976-03-11 1978-07-04 The Upjohn Company Thermoplastic polyurethanes prepared with small amounts of monohydric alcohols
US4289141A (en) * 1976-08-19 1981-09-15 Cormier Cardiac Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for extracting systolic valvular events from heart sounds
US4334544A (en) * 1980-04-28 1982-06-15 Amf Incorporated Ear lobe clip with heart beat sensor
US4350165A (en) * 1980-05-23 1982-09-21 Trw Inc. Medical electrode assembly
US4353372A (en) * 1980-02-11 1982-10-12 Bunker Ramo Corporation Medical cable set and electrode therefor
US4380240A (en) * 1977-06-28 1983-04-19 Duke University, Inc. Apparatus for monitoring metabolism in body organs
US4406289A (en) * 1980-09-12 1983-09-27 Nederlandse Centrale Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Device for the indirect, non-invasive and continuous measurement of blood pressure
US4510551A (en) * 1984-05-21 1985-04-09 Endeco Canada Limited Portable memory module
US4677528A (en) * 1984-05-31 1987-06-30 Motorola, Inc. Flexible printed circuit board having integrated circuit die or the like affixed thereto
US4722120A (en) * 1987-06-23 1988-02-02 James Lu Spring clip
US4726382A (en) * 1986-09-17 1988-02-23 The Boc Group, Inc. Inflatable finger cuff
US4783815A (en) * 1986-11-18 1988-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Manufacturing miniature hearing aid having a multi-layer circuit arrangement
US4971062A (en) * 1988-09-24 1990-11-20 Misawa Homes Institute Of Research And Development Fingertip pulse wave sensor
US5028787A (en) * 1989-01-19 1991-07-02 Futrex, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood glucose
US5035243A (en) * 1988-03-26 1991-07-30 Nicolay Gmbh Holder sleeve for positioning a detecting and measuring sensor
US5041187A (en) * 1988-04-29 1991-08-20 Thor Technology Corporation Oximeter sensor assembly with integral cable and method of forming the same
US5086229A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-02-04 Futrex, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood glucose
US5218207A (en) * 1989-01-19 1993-06-08 Futrex, Inc. Using led harmonic wavelengths for near-infrared quantitative
US5259381A (en) * 1986-08-18 1993-11-09 Physio-Control Corporation Apparatus for the automatic calibration of signals employed in oximetry
US5267566A (en) * 1991-03-07 1993-12-07 Maged Choucair Apparatus and method for blood pressure monitoring
US5275159A (en) * 1991-03-22 1994-01-04 Madaus Schwarzer Medizintechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for diagnosis of sleep disorders
US5278627A (en) * 1991-02-15 1994-01-11 Nihon Kohden Corporation Apparatus for calibrating pulse oximeter
US5348003A (en) * 1992-09-03 1994-09-20 Sirraya, Inc. Method and apparatus for chemical analysis
US5402779A (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-04-04 Chen; William X. Method for the non-invasive detection of an intravascular injection of an anesthetic by the use of an indicator dye
US5416582A (en) * 1993-02-11 1995-05-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Method and apparatus for localization and spectroscopy of objects using optical frequency modulation of diffusion waves
US5494043A (en) * 1993-05-04 1996-02-27 Vital Insite, Inc. Arterial sensor
US5511546A (en) * 1993-09-20 1996-04-30 Hon; Edward H. Finger apparatus for measuring continuous cutaneous blood pressure and electrocardiogram electrode
US5619992A (en) * 1995-04-06 1997-04-15 Guthrie; Robert B. Methods and apparatus for inhibiting contamination of reusable pulse oximetry sensors
US5638816A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-06-17 Masimo Corporation Active pulse blood constituent monitoring
US5664270A (en) * 1994-07-19 1997-09-09 Kinetic Concepts, Inc. Patient interface system
US5673692A (en) * 1995-02-03 1997-10-07 Biosignals Ltd. Co. Single site, multi-variable patient monitor
US5730124A (en) * 1993-12-14 1998-03-24 Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Medical measurement apparatus
US5743262A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-04-28 Masimo Corporation Blood glucose monitoring system
US5788634A (en) * 1993-12-07 1998-08-04 Nihon Kohden Corporation Multi purpose sensor
US5827179A (en) * 1997-02-28 1998-10-27 Qrs Diagnostic, Llc Personal computer card for collection for real-time biological data
US5830136A (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-11-03 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Gel pad optical sensor
US5829439A (en) * 1995-06-28 1998-11-03 Hitachi Medical Corporation Needle-like ultrasonic probe for ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus, method of producing same, and ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus using same
US5957840A (en) * 1996-10-03 1999-09-28 Nihon Kohden Corporation Pinch device for detecting a biomedical signal
US5983120A (en) * 1995-10-23 1999-11-09 Cytometrics, Inc. Method and apparatus for reflected imaging analysis
US6055447A (en) * 1995-07-06 2000-04-25 Institute Of Critical Care Medicine Patient CO2 Measurement
US6064898A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-05-16 Essential Medical Devices Non-invasive blood component analyzer
US6075610A (en) * 1996-05-10 2000-06-13 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Method and apparatus for measuring internal property distribution
US6078829A (en) * 1997-12-14 2000-06-20 Matsuhita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Measuring apparatus for biological information
US6159147A (en) * 1997-02-28 2000-12-12 Qrs Diagnostics, Llc Personal computer card for collection of real-time biological data
US6179159B1 (en) * 1998-01-26 2001-01-30 Mariruth D. Gurley Communicable disease barrier digit cover and dispensing package therefor
US6223064B1 (en) * 1992-08-19 2001-04-24 Lawrence A. Lynn Microprocessor system for the simplified diagnosis of sleep apnea
US6256523B1 (en) * 1991-03-21 2001-07-03 Masimo Corporation Low-noise optical probes
US6342039B1 (en) * 1992-08-19 2002-01-29 Lawrence A. Lynn Microprocessor system for the simplified diagnosis of sleep apnea
US6353750B1 (en) * 1997-06-27 2002-03-05 Sysmex Corporation Living body inspecting apparatus and noninvasive blood analyzer using the same
US6371921B1 (en) * 1994-04-15 2002-04-16 Masimo Corporation System and method of determining whether to recalibrate a blood pressure monitor
US6400973B1 (en) * 1998-01-20 2002-06-04 Bowden's Automated Products, Inc. Arterial blood flow simulator
US6438396B1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2002-08-20 Cytometrics, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing high contrast imaging
US6461305B1 (en) * 1998-06-07 2002-10-08 Itamar Medical Pressure applicator devices particularly useful for non-invasive detection of medical conditions
US20020161287A1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-10-31 Schmitt Joseph M. Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders
US6554788B1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2003-04-29 Cobe Cardiovascular, Inc. Hematocrit sampling system
US6608562B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2003-08-19 Denso Corporation Vital signal detecting apparatus
US6609016B1 (en) * 1997-07-14 2003-08-19 Lawrence A. Lynn Medical microprocessor system and method for providing a ventilation indexed oximetry value
US20030181799A1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2003-09-25 Eric Lindekugel Neonatal bootie wrap
US6632181B2 (en) * 1996-06-26 2003-10-14 Masimo Corporation Rapid non-invasive blood pressure measuring device
US6640116B2 (en) * 2000-08-18 2003-10-28 Masimo Corporation Optical spectroscopy pathlength measurement system
US20030225323A1 (en) * 2002-01-08 2003-12-04 Kiani Massi E. Physiological sensor combination
US20040059209A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2004-03-25 Ammar Al-Ali Stereo pulse oximeter
US6712762B1 (en) * 1997-02-28 2004-03-30 Ors Diagnostic, Llc Personal computer card for collection of real-time biological data
US6731962B1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-04 Smiths Medical Pm Inc Finger oximeter with remote telecommunications capabilities and system therefor
US20040098009A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-05-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US20040242976A1 (en) * 2002-04-22 2004-12-02 Abreu Marcio Marc Apparatus and method for measuring biologic parameters
US6939307B1 (en) * 1997-05-13 2005-09-06 Colin Dunlop Method and apparatus for monitoring haemodynamic function
US20050215085A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2005-09-29 Mehta Parag P PCI - express slot for coupling plural devices to a host system
US20060009700A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2006-01-12 The Gov. Of The U.S.A As Represented By The Secrety Of The Dept. Of H.H.S., Centers For D.C.P. Apparatus and method for assessing peripheral circulation to evaluate a physiological condition
US20060025931A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-02-02 Richard Rosen Method and apparatus for real time predictive modeling for chronically ill patients
US7072705B2 (en) * 2003-09-08 2006-07-04 Vanderbilt University Apparatus and methods of brain shift compensation and applications of the same
US20060272418A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Brown University Opto-acoustic methods and apparatus for perfoming high resolution acoustic imaging and other sample probing and modification operations
US20060272419A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Brown University Opto-acoustic methods and apparatus for performing high resolution acoustic imaging and other sample probing and modification operations
US20070027375A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2007-02-01 Melker Richard J Optimized gas supply using photoplethysmography
US7412272B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2008-08-12 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Finger sleeve sensor holder

Family Cites Families (651)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US553614A (en) * 1896-01-28 Thomas v
WO2000078209A2 (en) 1999-06-18 2000-12-28 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximeter probe-off detection system
USD250275S (en) 1976-07-19 1978-11-14 Hewlett-Packard Company Self-attaching probe for use in photoelectric monitoring of body extremities
USD251387S (en) 1977-02-07 1979-03-20 Component Manufacturing Service, Inc. Electrical connector for electrocardiogram monitoring
USD262488S (en) 1979-10-24 1981-12-29 Novatec, Inc. Pulse rate monitor
GB8416219D0 (en) 1984-06-26 1984-08-01 Antec Systems Patient monitoring apparatus
JPS58143243A (en) 1982-02-19 1983-08-25 Minolta Camera Co Ltd Measuring apparatus for coloring matter in blood without taking out blood
US4471538A (en) * 1982-06-15 1984-09-18 Pomeranz Mark L Shock absorbing devices using rheopexic fluid
US4700708A (en) 1982-09-02 1987-10-20 Nellcor Incorporated Calibrated optical oximeter probe
US4770179A (en) 1982-09-02 1988-09-13 Nellcor Incorporated Calibrated optical oximeter probe
US4621643A (en) 1982-09-02 1986-11-11 Nellcor Incorporated Calibrated optical oximeter probe
US4653498A (en) 1982-09-13 1987-03-31 Nellcor Incorporated Pulse oximeter monitor
EP0127947B1 (en) 1983-05-11 1990-08-29 Nellcor Incorporated Sensor having cutaneous conformance
US4830014A (en) 1983-05-11 1989-05-16 Nellcor Incorporated Sensor having cutaneous conformance
US4938218A (en) 1983-08-30 1990-07-03 Nellcor Incorporated Perinatal pulse oximetry sensor
US5109849A (en) 1983-08-30 1992-05-05 Nellcor, Inc. Perinatal pulse oximetry sensor
US5217013A (en) 1983-10-14 1993-06-08 Somanetics Corporation Patient sensor for optical cerebral oximeter and the like
US5140989A (en) 1983-10-14 1992-08-25 Somanetics Corporation Examination instrument for optical-response diagnostic apparatus
US4603700A (en) 1983-12-09 1986-08-05 The Boc Group, Inc. Probe monitoring system for oximeter
DE3405444A1 (en) 1984-02-15 1985-08-22 Kraus, Werner, Dipl.-Ing., 8000 München Pulse sensor
US4714341A (en) 1984-02-23 1987-12-22 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Multi-wavelength oximeter having a means for disregarding a poor signal
IT1206462B (en) * 1984-08-07 1989-04-27 Anic Spa MULTI-WAVE LENGTH PULSED LIGHT PHOTOMETER FOR NON-INVASIVE MONITORING.
US4911167A (en) 1985-06-07 1990-03-27 Nellcor Incorporated Method and apparatus for detecting optical pulses
US4802486A (en) * 1985-04-01 1989-02-07 Nellcor Incorporated Method and apparatus for detecting optical pulses
USRE35122E (en) 1985-04-01 1995-12-19 Nellcor Incorporated Method and apparatus for detecting optical pulses
US4934372A (en) 1985-04-01 1990-06-19 Nellcor Incorporated Method and apparatus for detecting optical pulses
US4928692A (en) 1985-04-01 1990-05-29 Goodman David E Method and apparatus for detecting optical pulses
DE3516338A1 (en) 1985-05-07 1986-11-13 Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck Mounting for a measurement sensor
US4685464A (en) 1985-07-05 1987-08-11 Nellcor Incorporated Durable sensor for detecting optical pulses
US4890619A (en) * 1986-04-15 1990-01-02 Hatschek Rudolf A System for the measurement of the content of a gas in blood, in particular the oxygen saturation of blood
JPS6323645A (en) 1986-05-27 1988-01-30 住友電気工業株式会社 Reflection heating type oxymeter
US4759369A (en) 1986-07-07 1988-07-26 Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc. Pulse oximeter
US4819646A (en) 1986-08-18 1989-04-11 Physio-Control Corporation Feedback-controlled method and apparatus for processing signals used in oximetry
US4913150A (en) 1986-08-18 1990-04-03 Physio-Control Corporation Method and apparatus for the automatic calibration of signals employed in oximetry
US4859056A (en) 1986-08-18 1989-08-22 Physio-Control Corporation Multiple-pulse method and apparatus for use in oximetry
US4800495A (en) * 1986-08-18 1989-01-24 Physio-Control Corporation Method and apparatus for processing signals used in oximetry
US4892101A (en) * 1986-08-18 1990-01-09 Physio-Control Corporation Method and apparatus for offsetting baseline portion of oximeter signal
US4869253A (en) 1986-08-18 1989-09-26 Physio-Control Corporation Method and apparatus for indicating perfusion and oxygen saturation trends in oximetry
JPS6365845A (en) 1986-09-05 1988-03-24 ミノルタ株式会社 Oximeter apparatus
US4824242A (en) 1986-09-26 1989-04-25 Sensormedics Corporation Non-invasive oximeter and method
US4714080A (en) 1986-10-06 1987-12-22 Nippon Colin Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for noninvasive monitoring of arterial blood oxygen saturation
US4865038A (en) 1986-10-09 1989-09-12 Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc. Sensor appliance for non-invasive monitoring
JPS63111837A (en) 1986-10-29 1988-05-17 日本光電工業株式会社 Apparatus for measuring concentration of light absorbing substance in blood
US5193543A (en) 1986-12-12 1993-03-16 Critikon, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring arterial blood constituents
DE3703458A1 (en) 1987-02-05 1988-08-18 Hewlett Packard Gmbh Medical oxygen saturation sensor using electromagnetic waves - has support segment for transmitter and receiver elements and clamping segment for fitting round patent
US4776339A (en) 1987-03-05 1988-10-11 N.A.D., Inc. Interlock for oxygen saturation monitor anesthesia apparatus
US4880304A (en) 1987-04-01 1989-11-14 Nippon Colin Co., Ltd. Optical sensor for pulse oximeter
JPS63252239A (en) 1987-04-09 1988-10-19 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Reflection type oxymeter
US4773422A (en) 1987-04-30 1988-09-27 Nonin Medical, Inc. Single channel pulse oximeter
USRE33643E (en) 1987-04-30 1991-07-23 Nonin Medical, Inc. Pulse oximeter with circuit leakage and ambient light compensation
JPS63275323A (en) * 1987-05-08 1988-11-14 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk Diagnostic apparatus
JPS63277039A (en) 1987-05-08 1988-11-15 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk Diagnostic apparatus
GB8719333D0 (en) 1987-08-14 1987-09-23 Swansea University College Of Motion artefact rejection system
US4805623A (en) * 1987-09-04 1989-02-21 Vander Corporation Spectrophotometric method for quantitatively determining the concentration of a dilute component in a light- or other radiation-scattering environment
US4796636A (en) * 1987-09-10 1989-01-10 Nippon Colin Co., Ltd. Noninvasive reflectance oximeter
US4819752A (en) 1987-10-02 1989-04-11 Datascope Corp. Blood constituent measuring device and method
US4848901A (en) 1987-10-08 1989-07-18 Critikon, Inc. Pulse oximeter sensor control system
US4825879A (en) 1987-10-08 1989-05-02 Critkon, Inc. Pulse oximeter sensor
US4807630A (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-02-28 Advanced Medical Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for use in pulse oximeters
US4807631A (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-02-28 Critikon, Inc. Pulse oximetry system
US4859057A (en) 1987-10-13 1989-08-22 Lawrence Medical Systems, Inc. Oximeter apparatus
US4863265A (en) 1987-10-16 1989-09-05 Mine Safety Appliances Company Apparatus and method for measuring blood constituents
EP0315040B1 (en) 1987-11-02 1993-01-27 Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited Bio-photosensor
US4854699A (en) 1987-11-02 1989-08-08 Nippon Colin Co., Ltd. Backscatter oximeter
US4781195A (en) 1987-12-02 1988-11-01 The Boc Group, Inc. Blood monitoring apparatus and methods with amplifier input dark current correction
US4800885A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-01-31 The Boc Group, Inc. Blood constituent monitoring apparatus and methods with frequency division multiplexing
US4846183A (en) 1987-12-02 1989-07-11 The Boc Group, Inc. Blood parameter monitoring apparatus and methods
US4927264A (en) 1987-12-02 1990-05-22 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Non-invasive measuring method and apparatus of blood constituents
US4960126A (en) 1988-01-15 1990-10-02 Criticare Systems, Inc. ECG synchronized pulse oximeter
US4883353A (en) 1988-02-11 1989-11-28 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Pulse oximeter
US4883055A (en) 1988-03-11 1989-11-28 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Artificially induced blood pulse for use with a pulse oximeter
DE3809084C2 (en) 1988-03-18 1999-01-28 Nicolay Gmbh Sensor for the non-invasive measurement of the pulse frequency and / or the oxygen saturation of the blood and method for its production
US4869254A (en) 1988-03-30 1989-09-26 Nellcor Incorporated Method and apparatus for calculating arterial oxygen saturation
US5078136A (en) * 1988-03-30 1992-01-07 Nellcor Incorporated Method and apparatus for calculating arterial oxygen saturation based plethysmographs including transients
US5069213A (en) 1988-04-29 1991-12-03 Thor Technology Corporation Oximeter sensor assembly with integral cable and encoder
US4964408A (en) 1988-04-29 1990-10-23 Thor Technology Corporation Oximeter sensor assembly with integral cable
JPH06169902A (en) 1988-05-05 1994-06-21 Sentinel Monitoring Inc Pulse type non-invasion type oxymeter and technology for measuring it
EP0341327B1 (en) 1988-05-09 1993-09-15 Hewlett-Packard GmbH A method for processing signals, particularly for oximetric measurements on living human tissue
US5361758A (en) 1988-06-09 1994-11-08 Cme Telemetrix Inc. Method and device for measuring concentration levels of blood constituents non-invasively
US4948248A (en) 1988-07-22 1990-08-14 Invivo Research Inc. Blood constituent measuring device and method
US4825872A (en) 1988-08-05 1989-05-02 Critikon, Inc. Finger sensor for pulse oximetry system
US5099842A (en) 1988-10-28 1992-03-31 Nellcor Incorporated Perinatal pulse oximetry probe
US5873821A (en) 1992-05-18 1999-02-23 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Lateralization spectrophotometer
US5564417A (en) 1991-01-24 1996-10-15 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Pathlength corrected oximeter and the like
USH1039H (en) 1988-11-14 1992-04-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Intrusion-free physiological condition monitoring
JPH02164341A (en) 1988-12-19 1990-06-25 Nippon Koden Corp Hemoglobin concentration measuring device
US5119815A (en) 1988-12-21 1992-06-09 Nim, Incorporated Apparatus for determining the concentration of a tissue pigment of known absorbance, in vivo, using the decay characteristics of scintered electromagnetic radiation
US5353799A (en) 1991-01-22 1994-10-11 Non Invasive Technology, Inc. Examination of subjects using photon migration with high directionality techniques
US5553614A (en) 1988-12-21 1996-09-10 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Examination of biological tissue using frequency domain spectroscopy
US5111817A (en) 1988-12-29 1992-05-12 Medical Physics, Inc. Noninvasive system and method for enhanced arterial oxygen saturation determination and arterial blood pressure monitoring
US5365066A (en) 1989-01-19 1994-11-15 Futrex, Inc. Low cost means for increasing measurement sensitivity in LED/IRED near-infrared instruments
FI82366C (en) 1989-02-06 1991-03-11 Instrumentarium Oy MAETNING AV BLODETS SAMMANSAETTNING.
US5596986A (en) * 1989-03-17 1997-01-28 Scico, Inc. Blood oximeter
US5902235A (en) 1989-03-29 1999-05-11 Somanetics Corporation Optical cerebral oximeter
USD326715S (en) 1989-04-18 1992-06-02 Hewlett-Packard Company Medical sensors for measuring oxygen saturation or the like
DE3912993C2 (en) 1989-04-20 1998-01-29 Nicolay Gmbh Optoelectronic sensor for generating electrical signals based on physiological values
US5040539A (en) 1989-05-12 1991-08-20 The United States Of America Pulse oximeter for diagnosis of dental pulp pathology
JP2766317B2 (en) 1989-06-22 1998-06-18 コーリン電子株式会社 Pulse oximeter
JPH0315502U (en) 1989-06-28 1991-02-15
US5090410A (en) * 1989-06-28 1992-02-25 Datascope Investment Corp. Fastener for attaching sensor to the body
US5299120A (en) 1989-09-15 1994-03-29 Hewlett-Packard Company Method for digitally processing signals containing information regarding arterial blood flow
US5058588A (en) 1989-09-19 1991-10-22 Hewlett-Packard Company Oximeter and medical sensor therefor
US5007423A (en) 1989-10-04 1991-04-16 Nippon Colin Company Ltd. Oximeter sensor temperature control
US5216598A (en) 1989-10-04 1993-06-01 Colin Electronics Co., Ltd. System for correction of trends associated with pulse wave forms in oximeters
US5094239A (en) 1989-10-05 1992-03-10 Colin Electronics Co., Ltd. Composite signal implementation for acquiring oximetry signals
US5203329A (en) 1989-10-05 1993-04-20 Colin Electronics Co., Ltd. Noninvasive reflectance oximeter sensor providing controlled minimum optical detection depth
US5190038A (en) 1989-11-01 1993-03-02 Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc. Pulse oximeter with improved accuracy and response time
DE3938759A1 (en) * 1989-11-23 1991-05-29 Philips Patentverwaltung NON-INVASIVE OXIMETER ARRANGEMENT
US5224478A (en) 1989-11-25 1993-07-06 Colin Electronics Co., Ltd. Reflecting-type oxymeter probe
KR100213554B1 (en) 1989-11-28 1999-08-02 제이슨 오토 가도시 Fetal probe
US5080098A (en) 1989-12-18 1992-01-14 Sentinel Monitoring, Inc. Non-invasive sensor
DK0613653T3 (en) * 1990-02-15 1996-12-02 Hewlett Packard Gmbh Method for calculating oxygen saturation
US5152296A (en) 1990-03-01 1992-10-06 Hewlett-Packard Company Dual-finger vital signs monitor
US5104623A (en) 1990-04-03 1992-04-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Apparatus and assembly for use in optically sensing a compositional blood parameter
US5066859A (en) 1990-05-18 1991-11-19 Karkar Maurice N Hematocrit and oxygen saturation blood analyzer
GB9011887D0 (en) 1990-05-26 1990-07-18 Le Fit Ltd Pulse responsive device
WO1991018549A1 (en) 1990-05-29 1991-12-12 Yue Samuel K Fetal probe apparatus
US5239185A (en) 1990-06-22 1993-08-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and equipment for measuring absorptance of light scattering materials using plural wavelengths of light
IE77034B1 (en) 1990-06-27 1997-11-19 Futrex Inc Non-invasive masurement of blood glucose
US5259761A (en) 1990-08-06 1993-11-09 Jenifer M. Schnettler Tooth vitality probe and process
ATE175558T1 (en) 1990-08-22 1999-01-15 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc FETAL PULSE OXYGEN METER
US5158082A (en) 1990-08-23 1992-10-27 Spacelabs, Inc. Apparatus for heating tissue with a photoplethysmograph sensor
WO1992003965A1 (en) 1990-08-29 1992-03-19 Cadell Theodore E Finger receptor
US5170786A (en) 1990-09-28 1992-12-15 Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc. Reusable probe system
US5055671A (en) 1990-10-03 1991-10-08 Spacelabs, Inc. Apparatus for detecting transducer movement using a first and second light detector
US6266546B1 (en) 1990-10-06 2001-07-24 In-Line Diagnostics Corporation System for noninvasive hematocrit monitoring
US5372136A (en) 1990-10-06 1994-12-13 Noninvasive Medical Technology Corporation System and method for noninvasive hematocrit monitoring
US6681128B2 (en) * 1990-10-06 2004-01-20 Hema Metrics, Inc. System for noninvasive hematocrit monitoring
US5209230A (en) 1990-10-19 1993-05-11 Nellcor Incorporated Adhesive pulse oximeter sensor with reusable portion
US6263221B1 (en) 1991-01-24 2001-07-17 Non-Invasive Technology Quantitative analyses of biological tissue using phase modulation spectroscopy
US5193542A (en) 1991-01-28 1993-03-16 Missanelli John S Peripartum oximetric monitoring apparatus
US5291884A (en) 1991-02-07 1994-03-08 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Apparatus for measuring a blood parameter
US5125403A (en) 1991-02-20 1992-06-30 Culp Joel B Device and method for engagement of an oximeter probe
US5154175A (en) 1991-03-04 1992-10-13 Gunther Ted J Intrauterine fetal EKG-oximetry cable apparatus
US5349953A (en) 1991-03-05 1994-09-27 Sensormedics, Corp. Photoplethysmographics using component-amplitude-division multiplexing
US5349952A (en) 1991-03-05 1994-09-27 Sensormedics Corp. Photoplethysmographics using phase-division multiplexing
US5343818A (en) 1991-03-05 1994-09-06 Sensormedics Corp. Photoplethysmographics using energy-reducing waveform shaping
US5632272A (en) 1991-03-07 1997-05-27 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus
US5490505A (en) * 1991-03-07 1996-02-13 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus
MX9702434A (en) 1991-03-07 1998-05-31 Masimo Corp Signal processing apparatus.
EP0930045A3 (en) 1991-03-07 1999-10-27 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus and method for an oximeter
US5226417A (en) 1991-03-11 1993-07-13 Nellcor, Inc. Apparatus for the detection of motion transients
US5237994A (en) 1991-03-12 1993-08-24 Square One Technology Integrated lead frame pulse oximetry sensor
US6580086B1 (en) 1999-08-26 2003-06-17 Masimo Corporation Shielded optical probe and method
US5645440A (en) 1995-10-16 1997-07-08 Masimo Corporation Patient cable connector
US5995855A (en) 1998-02-11 1999-11-30 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry sensor adapter
US6541756B2 (en) 1991-03-21 2003-04-01 Masimo Corporation Shielded optical probe having an electrical connector
US5273036A (en) 1991-04-03 1993-12-28 Ppg Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for monitoring respiration
US5247932A (en) 1991-04-15 1993-09-28 Nellcor Incorporated Sensor for intrauterine use
US5218962A (en) 1991-04-15 1993-06-15 Nellcor Incorporated Multiple region pulse oximetry probe and oximeter
US5313940A (en) 1991-05-15 1994-05-24 Nihon Kohden Corporation Photo-electric pulse wave measuring probe
DE69214391T2 (en) 1991-06-19 1997-05-15 Endotronics Inc Cell culture apparatus
US5402777A (en) 1991-06-28 1995-04-04 Alza Corporation Methods and devices for facilitated non-invasive oxygen monitoring
US5267563A (en) 1991-06-28 1993-12-07 Nellcor Incorporated Oximeter sensor with perfusion enhancing
EP0522674B1 (en) * 1991-07-12 1998-11-11 Mark R. Robinson Oximeter for reliable clinical determination of blood oxygen saturation in a fetus
US5413100A (en) 1991-07-17 1995-05-09 Effets Biologiques Exercice Non-invasive method for the in vivo determination of the oxygen saturation rate of arterial blood, and device for carrying out the method
US5351685A (en) 1991-08-05 1994-10-04 Nellcor Incorporated Condensed oximeter system with noise reduction software
EP0527703B1 (en) 1991-08-12 1995-06-28 AVL Medical Instruments AG Device for measuring at least one gaseous concentration level in particular the oxygen concentration level in blood
US5217012A (en) 1991-08-22 1993-06-08 Sensor Devices Inc. Noninvasive oximeter probe
US5368025A (en) 1991-08-22 1994-11-29 Sensor Devices, Inc. Non-invasive oximeter probe
US5429129A (en) 1991-08-22 1995-07-04 Sensor Devices, Inc. Apparatus for determining spectral absorption by a specific substance in a fluid
JP3124073B2 (en) 1991-08-27 2001-01-15 日本コーリン株式会社 Blood oxygen saturation monitor
US5246003A (en) 1991-08-28 1993-09-21 Nellcor Incorporated Disposable pulse oximeter sensor
US6714803B1 (en) 1991-09-03 2004-03-30 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Pulse oximetry SpO2 determination
US5934277A (en) 1991-09-03 1999-08-10 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. System for pulse oximetry SpO2 determination
US5247931A (en) 1991-09-16 1993-09-28 Mine Safety Appliances Company Diagnostic sensor clasp utilizing a slot, pivot and spring hinge mechanism
US5213099A (en) 1991-09-30 1993-05-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Ear canal pulse/oxygen saturation measuring device
US5249576A (en) 1991-10-24 1993-10-05 Boc Health Care, Inc. Universal pulse oximeter probe
US5311865A (en) 1991-11-07 1994-05-17 Mayeux Charles D Plastic finger oximetry probe holder
US5253645A (en) 1991-12-13 1993-10-19 Critikon, Inc. Method of producing an audible alarm in a blood pressure and pulse oximeter monitor
JPH0569784U (en) 1991-12-28 1993-09-21 センチュリーメディカル株式会社 Display device in medical equipment
DE69117964T2 (en) 1991-12-30 1996-07-25 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk Diagnostic device
FR2685865B1 (en) 1992-01-08 1998-04-10 Distr App Medicaux Off OPTICAL SENSOR, PARTICULARLY FOR MEASURING THE OXYGEN SATURATION RATE IN ARTERIAL BLOOD.
DE69215204T2 (en) 1992-01-29 1997-03-13 Hewlett Packard Gmbh Process and system for monitoring vital functions
US5385143A (en) * 1992-02-06 1995-01-31 Nihon Kohden Corporation Apparatus for measuring predetermined data of living tissue
US5297548A (en) 1992-02-07 1994-03-29 Ohmeda Inc. Arterial blood monitoring probe
US5246002A (en) 1992-02-11 1993-09-21 Physio-Control Corporation Noise insensitive pulse transmittance oximeter
DE4210102C2 (en) 1992-03-27 1999-02-25 Rall Gerhard Device for optically determining parameters of perfused tissue
US5263244A (en) * 1992-04-17 1993-11-23 Gould Inc. Method of making a flexible printed circuit sensor assembly for detecting optical pulses
JP3170866B2 (en) 1992-04-24 2001-05-28 株式会社ノーリツ 1 can 2 circuit type instant heating type heat exchanger
DE69211986T2 (en) 1992-05-15 1996-10-31 Hewlett Packard Gmbh Medical sensor
JP3091929B2 (en) 1992-05-28 2000-09-25 日本光電工業株式会社 Pulse oximeter
JP3165983B2 (en) * 1992-06-15 2001-05-14 日本光電工業株式会社 Light emitting element driving device for pulse oximeter
US5377675A (en) * 1992-06-24 1995-01-03 Nellcor, Inc. Method and apparatus for improved fetus contact with fetal probe
US5355880A (en) 1992-07-06 1994-10-18 Sandia Corporation Reliable noninvasive measurement of blood gases
JP3116252B2 (en) 1992-07-09 2000-12-11 日本光電工業株式会社 Pulse oximeter
US6222189B1 (en) 1992-07-15 2001-04-24 Optix, Lp Methods of enhancing optical signals by mechanical manipulation in non-invasive testing
US6411832B1 (en) 1992-07-15 2002-06-25 Optix Lp Method of improving reproducibility of non-invasive measurements
US5425360A (en) 1992-07-24 1995-06-20 Sensormedics Corporation Molded pulse oximeter sensor
US20050062609A9 (en) 1992-08-19 2005-03-24 Lynn Lawrence A. Pulse oximetry relational alarm system for early recognition of instability and catastrophic occurrences
US5680857A (en) 1992-08-28 1997-10-28 Spacelabs Medical, Inc. Alignment guide system for transmissive pulse oximetry sensors
JP2547840Y2 (en) 1992-09-25 1997-09-17 日本光電工業株式会社 Oximeter probe
US5323776A (en) 1992-10-15 1994-06-28 Picker International, Inc. MRI compatible pulse oximetry system
US5329922A (en) 1992-10-19 1994-07-19 Atlee Iii John L Oximetric esophageal probe
US5368224A (en) 1992-10-23 1994-11-29 Nellcor Incorporated Method for reducing ambient noise effects in electronic monitoring instruments
EP0690692A4 (en) 1992-12-01 1999-02-10 Somanetics Corp Patient sensor for optical cerebral oximeters
US5287853A (en) * 1992-12-11 1994-02-22 Hewlett-Packard Company Adapter cable for connecting a pulsoximetry sensor unit to a medical measuring device
US5551423A (en) 1993-01-26 1996-09-03 Nihon Kohden Corporation Pulse oximeter probe
DE4304693C2 (en) 1993-02-16 2002-02-21 Gerhard Rall Sensor device for measuring vital parameters of a fetus during childbirth
JP2586392Y2 (en) 1993-03-15 1998-12-02 日本光電工業株式会社 Probe for pulse oximeter
US5687719A (en) 1993-03-25 1997-11-18 Ikuo Sato Pulse oximeter probe
US5520177A (en) 1993-03-26 1996-05-28 Nihon Kohden Corporation Oximeter probe
US5368026A (en) 1993-03-26 1994-11-29 Nellcor Incorporated Oximeter with motion detection for alarm modification
US5676141A (en) 1993-03-31 1997-10-14 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Electronic processor for pulse oximeters
US5348004A (en) 1993-03-31 1994-09-20 Nellcor Incorporated Electronic processor for pulse oximeter
US5497771A (en) 1993-04-02 1996-03-12 Mipm Mammendorfer Institut Fuer Physik Und Medizin Gmbh Apparatus for measuring the oxygen saturation of fetuses during childbirth
US5521851A (en) 1993-04-26 1996-05-28 Nihon Kohden Corporation Noise reduction method and apparatus
US5339810A (en) 1993-05-03 1994-08-23 Marquette Electronics, Inc. Pulse oximetry sensor
US5348005A (en) 1993-05-07 1994-09-20 Bio-Tek Instruments, Inc. Simulation for pulse oximeter
EP0699047A4 (en) 1993-05-20 1998-06-24 Somanetics Corp Improved electro-optical sensor for spectrophotometric medical devices
AU6942494A (en) 1993-05-21 1994-12-20 Nims, Inc. Discriminating between valid and artifactual pulse waveforms
AU7080594A (en) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-20 Somanetics Corporation Method and apparatus for spectrophotometric cerebral oximetry
JP3310390B2 (en) 1993-06-10 2002-08-05 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Method and apparatus for measuring concentration of light absorbing substance in scattering medium
US5337744A (en) 1993-07-14 1994-08-16 Masimo Corporation Low noise finger cot probe
US5452717A (en) 1993-07-14 1995-09-26 Masimo Corporation Finger-cot probe
US5425362A (en) 1993-07-30 1995-06-20 Criticare Fetal sensor device
EP0641543A1 (en) 1993-09-07 1995-03-08 Ohmeda Inc. Heat-sealed neo-natal medical monitoring probe
JP3345481B2 (en) 1993-09-22 2002-11-18 興和株式会社 Pulse wave spectrometer
JP3387171B2 (en) 1993-09-28 2003-03-17 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Pulse wave detection device and exercise intensity measurement device
US5485847A (en) 1993-10-08 1996-01-23 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Pulse oximeter using a virtual trigger for heart rate synchronization
US5411023A (en) 1993-11-24 1995-05-02 The Shielding Corporation Optical sensor system
US5417207A (en) 1993-12-06 1995-05-23 Sensor Devices, Inc. Apparatus for the invasive use of oximeter probes
JP3116259B2 (en) 1993-12-07 2000-12-11 日本光電工業株式会社 Probe for pulse oximeter
JP3125079B2 (en) * 1993-12-07 2001-01-15 日本光電工業株式会社 Pulse oximeter
JP3116260B2 (en) 1993-12-09 2000-12-11 日本光電工業株式会社 Probe for pulse oximeter
EP0658331B1 (en) 1993-12-11 1996-10-02 Hewlett-Packard GmbH A method for detecting an irregular state in a non-invasive pulse oximeter system
US5438986A (en) 1993-12-14 1995-08-08 Criticare Systems, Inc. Optical sensor
US5411024A (en) 1993-12-15 1995-05-02 Corometrics Medical Systems, Inc. Fetal pulse oximetry sensor
US5492118A (en) 1993-12-16 1996-02-20 Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Determining material concentrations in tissues
US5645059A (en) 1993-12-17 1997-07-08 Nellcor Incorporated Medical sensor with modulated encoding scheme
US5560355A (en) 1993-12-17 1996-10-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Medical sensor with amplitude independent output
JP3238813B2 (en) 1993-12-20 2001-12-17 テルモ株式会社 Pulse oximeter
JP3464697B2 (en) 1993-12-21 2003-11-10 興和株式会社 Oxygen saturation meter
US5507286A (en) * 1993-12-23 1996-04-16 Medical Taping Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for improving the durability of a sensor
US5553615A (en) 1994-01-31 1996-09-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for noninvasive prediction of hematocrit
US5437275A (en) 1994-02-02 1995-08-01 Biochem International Inc. Pulse oximetry sensor
US5632273A (en) 1994-02-04 1997-05-27 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Method and means for measurement of biochemical components
US5995859A (en) 1994-02-14 1999-11-30 Nihon Kohden Corporation Method and apparatus for accurately measuring the saturated oxygen in arterial blood by substantially eliminating noise from the measurement signal
US5830135A (en) 1994-03-31 1998-11-03 Bosque; Elena M. Fuzzy logic alarm system for pulse oximeters
US5421329A (en) 1994-04-01 1995-06-06 Nellcor, Inc. Pulse oximeter sensor optimized for low saturation
US5575284A (en) 1994-04-01 1996-11-19 University Of South Florida Portable pulse oximeter
US6662033B2 (en) 1994-04-01 2003-12-09 Nellcor Incorporated Pulse oximeter and sensor optimized for low saturation
JP3364819B2 (en) 1994-04-28 2003-01-08 日本光電工業株式会社 Blood absorption substance concentration measurement device
US5491299A (en) * 1994-06-03 1996-02-13 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. Flexible multi-parameter cable
US5490523A (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-02-13 Nonin Medical Inc. Finger clip pulse oximeter
US5912656A (en) 1994-07-01 1999-06-15 Ohmeda Inc. Device for producing a display from monitored data
DE4423597C1 (en) 1994-07-06 1995-08-10 Hewlett Packard Gmbh Pulsoximetric ear sensor
DE4429758A1 (en) 1994-08-22 1996-02-29 Buschmann Johannes Method for validating devices for photometry of living tissue and device for carrying out the method
DE4429845C1 (en) * 1994-08-23 1995-10-19 Hewlett Packard Gmbh Pulse oximeter with flexible strap for attachment to hand or foot
US5697367A (en) 1994-10-14 1997-12-16 Somanetics Corporation Specially grounded sensor for clinical spectrophotometric procedures
US5503148A (en) 1994-11-01 1996-04-02 Ohmeda Inc. System for pulse oximetry SPO2 determination
DE4442260C2 (en) 1994-11-28 2000-06-08 Mipm Mammendorfer Inst Fuer Ph Method and arrangement for the non-invasive in vivo determination of oxygen saturation
US5505199A (en) 1994-12-01 1996-04-09 Kim; Bill H. Sudden infant death syndrome monitor
DE4442855B4 (en) 1994-12-01 2004-04-01 Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Rall Use of a pulse oximetry sensor device
US5676139A (en) 1994-12-14 1997-10-14 Ohmeda Inc. Spring clip probe housing
US5692503A (en) 1995-03-10 1997-12-02 Kuenstner; J. Todd Method for noninvasive (in-vivo) total hemoglobin, oxyhemogolobin, deoxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin concentration determination
US5524617A (en) 1995-03-14 1996-06-11 Nellcor, Incorporated Isolated layer pulse oximetry
US5617852A (en) 1995-04-06 1997-04-08 Macgregor; Alastair R. Method and apparatus for non-invasively determining blood analytes
US5774213A (en) 1995-04-21 1998-06-30 Trebino; Rick P. Techniques for measuring difference of an optical property at two wavelengths by modulating two sources to have opposite-phase components at a common frequency
JP3326580B2 (en) 1995-05-08 2002-09-24 日本光電工業株式会社 Biological tissue transmitted light sensor
US5662105A (en) 1995-05-17 1997-09-02 Spacelabs Medical, Inc. System and method for the extractment of physiological signals
US5851178A (en) 1995-06-02 1998-12-22 Ohmeda Inc. Instrumented laser diode probe connector
US5760910A (en) 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Masimo Corporation Optical filter for spectroscopic measurement and method of producing the optical filter
US5758644A (en) 1995-06-07 1998-06-02 Masimo Corporation Manual and automatic probe calibration
EP0957747B1 (en) * 1995-06-09 2004-02-25 Cybro Medical Ltd. Sensor, method and device for optical blood oximetry
US5645060A (en) 1995-06-14 1997-07-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method and apparatus for removing artifact and noise from pulse oximetry
US5685301A (en) 1995-06-16 1997-11-11 Ohmeda Inc. Apparatus for precise determination of operating characteristics of optical devices contained in a monitoring probe
US6095974A (en) 1995-07-21 2000-08-01 Respironics, Inc. Disposable fiber optic probe
EP0955865B1 (en) * 1995-07-21 2005-09-28 Respironics, Inc. Apparatus for diode laser pulse oximetry using multifiber optical cables and disposable fiber optic probes
US5558096A (en) 1995-07-21 1996-09-24 Biochem International, Inc. Blood pulse detection method using autocorrelation
GB9515649D0 (en) 1995-07-31 1995-09-27 Johnson & Johnson Medical Surface sensor device
US5853364A (en) 1995-08-07 1998-12-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett, Inc. Method and apparatus for estimating physiological parameters using model-based adaptive filtering
FI111214B (en) 1995-08-17 2003-06-30 Tunturipyoerae Oy Giver
US5800348A (en) 1995-08-31 1998-09-01 Hewlett-Packard Company Apparatus and method for medical monitoring, in particular pulse oximeter
DE19537646C2 (en) 1995-10-10 1998-09-17 Hewlett Packard Gmbh Method and device for detecting falsified measurement values in pulse oximetry for measuring oxygen saturation
USD393830S (en) 1995-10-16 1998-04-28 Masimo Corporation Patient cable connector
US5626140A (en) 1995-11-01 1997-05-06 Spacelabs Medical, Inc. System and method of multi-sensor fusion of physiological measurements
DE19541605C2 (en) 1995-11-08 1999-06-24 Hewlett Packard Co Sensor and method for performing medical measurements, in particular pulse oximetric measurements, on the human finger
US5839439A (en) 1995-11-13 1998-11-24 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Oximeter sensor with rigid inner housing and pliable overmold
US5660567A (en) 1995-11-14 1997-08-26 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Medical sensor connector with removable encoding device
US5588427A (en) 1995-11-20 1996-12-31 Spacelabs Medical, Inc. Enhancement of physiological signals using fractal analysis
US5724967A (en) 1995-11-21 1998-03-10 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Noise reduction apparatus for low level analog signals
US5995856A (en) 1995-11-22 1999-11-30 Nellcor, Incorporated Non-contact optical monitoring of physiological parameters
US6041247A (en) 1995-11-29 2000-03-21 Instrumentarium Corp Non-invasive optical measuring sensor and measuring method
US5810724A (en) 1995-12-01 1998-09-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Reusable sensor accessory containing a conformable spring activated rubber sleeved clip
US6226540B1 (en) 1995-12-13 2001-05-01 Peter Bernreuter Measuring process for blood gas analysis sensors
US5922607A (en) 1995-12-13 1999-07-13 Bernreuter; Peter Measuring process for blood gas analysis sensors
US5818985A (en) 1995-12-20 1998-10-06 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Optical oximeter probe adapter
US5807247A (en) 1995-12-20 1998-09-15 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method and apparatus for facilitating compatibility between pulse oximeters and sensor probes
AUPN740796A0 (en) 1996-01-04 1996-01-25 Circuitry Systems Limited Biomedical data collection apparatus
US5891026A (en) 1996-01-29 1999-04-06 Ntc Technology Inc. Extended life disposable pulse oximetry sensor and method of making
SE9600322L (en) 1996-01-30 1997-07-31 Hoek Instr Ab Sensor for pulse oximetry with fiber optic signal transmission
US5746697A (en) 1996-02-09 1998-05-05 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Medical diagnostic apparatus with sleep mode
US5797841A (en) * 1996-03-05 1998-08-25 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Shunt barrier in pulse oximeter sensor
US6253097B1 (en) 1996-03-06 2001-06-26 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Noninvasive medical monitoring instrument using surface emitting laser devices
JP3245042B2 (en) 1996-03-11 2002-01-07 沖電気工業株式会社 Tuning oscillation circuit
DE59704665D1 (en) * 1996-04-01 2001-10-25 Linde Medical Sensors Ag Basel DETECTION OF INTERFERENCE SIGNALS IN PULSOXYMETRIC MEASUREMENT
US5790729A (en) 1996-04-10 1998-08-04 Ohmeda Inc. Photoplethysmographic instrument having an integrated multimode optical coupler device
US5766127A (en) 1996-04-15 1998-06-16 Ohmeda Inc. Method and apparatus for improved photoplethysmographic perfusion-index monitoring
US5692505A (en) 1996-04-25 1997-12-02 Fouts; James Michael Data processing systems and methods for pulse oximeters
US5919133A (en) 1996-04-26 1999-07-06 Ohmeda Inc. Conformal wrap for pulse oximeter sensor
US5913819A (en) 1996-04-26 1999-06-22 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Injection molded, heat-sealed housing and half-etched lead frame for oximeter sensor
WO1997042903A1 (en) 1996-05-15 1997-11-20 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Semi-reusable sensor with disposable sleeve
US5807248A (en) 1996-05-15 1998-09-15 Ohmeda Inc. Medical monitoring probe with modular device housing
US5752914A (en) 1996-05-28 1998-05-19 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Continuous mesh EMI shield for pulse oximetry sensor
FI962448A (en) 1996-06-12 1997-12-13 Instrumentarium Oy Method, apparatus and sensor for the determination of fractional oxygen saturation
US5890929A (en) 1996-06-19 1999-04-06 Masimo Corporation Shielded medical connector
US5879294A (en) 1996-06-28 1999-03-09 Hutchinson Technology Inc. Tissue chromophore measurement system
US5842981A (en) 1996-07-17 1998-12-01 Criticare Systems, Inc. Direct to digital oximeter
US6163715A (en) 1996-07-17 2000-12-19 Criticare Systems, Inc. Direct to digital oximeter and method for calculating oxygenation levels
ATE346539T1 (en) 1996-07-19 2006-12-15 Daedalus I Llc DEVICE FOR THE BLOODLESS DETERMINATION OF BLOOD VALUES
DE59707228D1 (en) 1996-07-26 2002-06-13 Linde Medical Sensors Ag Basel METHOD FOR THE NON-INVASIVE DETERMINATION OF OXYGEN SATURATION IN BLOODED TISSUE
US5916155A (en) 1996-07-30 1999-06-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Fetal sensor with securing balloons remote from optics
US5842982A (en) 1996-08-07 1998-12-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Infant neonatal pulse oximeter sensor
US5813980A (en) 1996-08-13 1998-09-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Fetal pulse oximetry sensor with remote securing mechanism
US5776058A (en) 1996-08-13 1998-07-07 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Pressure-attached presenting part fetal pulse oximetry sensor
US5823952A (en) 1996-08-14 1998-10-20 Nellcor Incorporated Pulse oximeter sensor with differential slip coefficient
JP3844815B2 (en) 1996-08-30 2006-11-15 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Method and apparatus for measuring absorption information of scatterers
US5727547A (en) 1996-09-04 1998-03-17 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Presenting part fetal oximeter sensor with securing mechanism for providing tension to scalp attachment
EP0875199B1 (en) 1996-09-10 2004-03-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Organism state measuring device and relaxation state indicator device
US5782756A (en) 1996-09-19 1998-07-21 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method and apparatus for in vivo blood constituent analysis
AUPO247496A0 (en) 1996-09-23 1996-10-17 Resmed Limited Assisted ventilation to match patient respiratory need
US5782758A (en) 1996-09-23 1998-07-21 Ohmeda Inc. Method and apparatus for identifying the presence of noise in a time division multiplexed oximeter
US5891022A (en) 1996-09-25 1999-04-06 Ohmeda Inc. Apparatus for performing multiwavelength photoplethysmography
DE19640807A1 (en) 1996-10-02 1997-09-18 Siemens Ag Noninvasive optical detection of oxygen supply to e.g. brain or liver
US5851179A (en) 1996-10-10 1998-12-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Pulse oximeter sensor with articulating head
US6018673A (en) 1996-10-10 2000-01-25 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Motion compatible sensor for non-invasive optical blood analysis
US5800349A (en) 1996-10-15 1998-09-01 Nonin Medical, Inc. Offset pulse oximeter sensor
US5964701A (en) 1996-10-24 1999-10-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Patient monitoring finger ring sensor
US5817008A (en) 1996-10-31 1998-10-06 Spacelabs Medical, Inc. Conformal pulse oximetry sensor and monitor
US5830137A (en) 1996-11-18 1998-11-03 University Of South Florida Green light pulse oximeter
DE19647877C2 (en) 1996-11-19 2000-06-15 Univ Ilmenau Tech Method and circuit arrangement for determining the oxygen saturation in the blood
US6397093B1 (en) 1996-12-05 2002-05-28 Essential Medical Devices, Inc. Non-invasive carboxyhemoglobin analyzer
US5810723A (en) 1996-12-05 1998-09-22 Essential Medical Devices Non-invasive carboxyhemoglobin analyer
US5921921A (en) 1996-12-18 1999-07-13 Nellcor Puritan-Bennett Pulse oximeter with sigma-delta converter
US5842979A (en) 1997-02-14 1998-12-01 Ohmeda Inc. Method and apparatus for improved photoplethysmographic monitoring of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin
US6113541A (en) 1997-03-07 2000-09-05 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Noninvasive blood chemistry measurement method and system
US5954644A (en) 1997-03-24 1999-09-21 Ohmeda Inc. Method for ambient light subtraction in a photoplethysmographic measurement instrument
US5817010A (en) 1997-03-25 1998-10-06 Ohmeda Inc. Disposable sensor holder
DE19880369C1 (en) 1997-03-25 2002-08-08 Siemens Ag Method and device for the non-invasive in vivo determination of blood substances
US5922136A (en) * 1997-03-28 1999-07-13 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Post-CMP cleaner apparatus and method
US5827182A (en) 1997-03-31 1998-10-27 Ohmeda Inc. Multiple LED sets in oximetry sensors
US6195575B1 (en) 1997-04-02 2001-02-27 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Fetal sensor which self-inflates using capillary force
US5891024A (en) 1997-04-09 1999-04-06 Ohmeda Inc. Two stage calibration and analyte measurement scheme for spectrophotomeric analysis
EP0870466B1 (en) 1997-04-12 1999-06-02 Hewlett-Packard Company Method and apparatus for determining the concentration of a component
DE69704264T2 (en) 1997-04-12 2001-06-28 Agilent Technologies Inc Method and device for the non-invasive determination of the concentration of a component
US5919134A (en) 1997-04-14 1999-07-06 Masimo Corp. Method and apparatus for demodulating signals in a pulse oximetry system
US6002952A (en) 1997-04-14 1999-12-14 Masimo Corporation Signal processing apparatus and method
US6229856B1 (en) 1997-04-14 2001-05-08 Masimo Corporation Method and apparatus for demodulating signals in a pulse oximetry system
EP0872210B1 (en) 1997-04-18 2006-01-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Intermittent measuring of arterial oxygen saturation of hemoglobin
IL121079A0 (en) 1997-06-15 1997-11-20 Spo Medical Equipment Ltd Physiological stress detector device and method
US5924985A (en) 1997-07-29 1999-07-20 Ohmeda Inc. Patient probe disconnect alarm
US5924982A (en) 1997-07-30 1999-07-20 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Oximeter sensor with user-modifiable color surface
US6115621A (en) 1997-07-30 2000-09-05 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Oximetry sensor with offset emitters and detector
US6343223B1 (en) * 1997-07-30 2002-01-29 Mallinckrodt Inc. Oximeter sensor with offset emitters and detector and heating device
US6466808B1 (en) 1999-11-22 2002-10-15 Mallinckrodt Inc. Single device for both heating and temperature measurement in an oximeter sensor
US6018674A (en) * 1997-08-11 2000-01-25 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Fast-turnoff photodiodes with switched-gain preamplifiers in photoplethysmographic measurement instruments
FI973454A (en) 1997-08-22 1999-02-23 Instrumentarium Oy A resilient device in a measuring sensor for observing the properties of living tissue
GB9717858D0 (en) 1997-08-23 1997-10-29 Electrode Company Ltd The Electrode Company Ltd
CN1242693A (en) 1997-08-26 2000-01-26 精工爱普生株式会社 Measuring, sensing and diagnosing apparatus and method relating to wave pulse, cardiac function, and motion intensity
US6198951B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2001-03-06 Seiko Epson Corporation Reflection photodetector and biological information measuring instrument
GB2329015B (en) * 1997-09-05 2002-02-13 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Method and device for noninvasive measurement of concentrations of blood components
US5865736A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-02-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett, Inc. Method and apparatus for nuisance alarm reductions
US5960610A (en) 1997-10-01 1999-10-05 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method of curving a fetal sensor
US5971930A (en) 1997-10-17 1999-10-26 Siemens Medical Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing artifact from physiological signals
US5987343A (en) 1997-11-07 1999-11-16 Datascope Investment Corp. Method for storing pulse oximetry sensor characteristics
US5995858A (en) 1997-11-07 1999-11-30 Datascope Investment Corp. Pulse oximeter
US6035223A (en) 1997-11-19 2000-03-07 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. Method and apparatus for determining the state of an oximetry sensor
AU1608099A (en) 1997-11-26 1999-06-15 Somanetics Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring fetal cerebral oxygenation during childbirth
US5983122A (en) 1997-12-12 1999-11-09 Ohmeda Inc. Apparatus and method for improved photoplethysmographic monitoring of multiple hemoglobin species using emitters having optimized center wavelengths
EP0864293B1 (en) 1997-12-22 1999-08-04 Hewlett-Packard Company Telemetry system, in particular for medical purposes
JP3567319B2 (en) 1997-12-26 2004-09-22 日本光電工業株式会社 Probe for pulse oximeter
US6184521B1 (en) 1998-01-06 2001-02-06 Masimo Corporation Photodiode detector with integrated noise shielding
US5978693A (en) 1998-02-02 1999-11-02 E.P. Limited Apparatus and method for reduction of motion artifact
ATE416668T1 (en) * 1998-02-05 2008-12-15 Hema Metrics Inc METHOD AND DEVICE FOR NON-INVASIVE OBSERVATION OF BLOOD COMPONENTS
US6014576A (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-01-11 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Segmented photoplethysmographic sensor with universal probe-end
JPH11244267A (en) 1998-03-03 1999-09-14 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Blood component concentration measuring device
US6525386B1 (en) 1998-03-10 2003-02-25 Masimo Corporation Non-protruding optoelectronic lens
US5924980A (en) 1998-03-11 1999-07-20 Siemens Corporate Research, Inc. Method and apparatus for adaptively reducing the level of noise in an acquired signal
US6165005A (en) 1998-03-19 2000-12-26 Masimo Corporation Patient cable sensor switch
US5997343A (en) 1998-03-19 1999-12-07 Masimo Corporation Patient cable sensor switch
US6078833A (en) 1998-03-25 2000-06-20 I.S.S. (Usa) Inc. Self referencing photosensor
US5991648A (en) 1998-03-30 1999-11-23 Palco Labs, Inc. Adjustable pulse oximetry sensor for pediatric use
US6047201A (en) 1998-04-02 2000-04-04 Jackson, Iii; William H. Infant blood oxygen monitor and SIDS warning device
EP0988521A1 (en) 1998-04-14 2000-03-29 Instrumentarium Corporation Sensor assembly and method for measuring nitrogen dioxide
US5916154A (en) 1998-04-22 1999-06-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Method of enhancing performance in pulse oximetry via electrical stimulation
US6064899A (en) 1998-04-23 2000-05-16 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Fiber optic oximeter connector with element indicating wavelength shift
US6094592A (en) 1998-05-26 2000-07-25 Nellcor Puritan Bennett, Inc. Methods and apparatus for estimating a physiological parameter using transforms
US5891021A (en) 1998-06-03 1999-04-06 Perdue Holdings, Inc. Partially rigid-partially flexible electro-optical sensor for fingertip transillumination
DE69800355T2 (en) * 1998-06-05 2001-03-01 Hewlett Packard Co Pulse rate and heart rate matching detection for pulse oximetry
US5920263A (en) 1998-06-11 1999-07-06 Ohmeda, Inc. De-escalation of alarm priorities in medical devices
IL124965A (en) 1998-06-17 2002-08-14 Orsense Ltd Non-invasive method of optical measurements for determining concentration of a substance in blood
US5999834A (en) 1998-06-18 1999-12-07 Ntc Technology, Inc. Disposable adhesive wrap for use with reusable pulse oximetry sensor and method of making
WO2000009004A2 (en) * 1998-08-13 2000-02-24 Whitland Research Limited Optical device
US6285896B1 (en) 1998-07-13 2001-09-04 Masimo Corporation Fetal pulse oximetry sensor
JP2000083933A (en) 1998-07-17 2000-03-28 Nippon Koden Corp Instrument for measuring concentration of light absorptive material in vital tissue
US6671526B1 (en) 1998-07-17 2003-12-30 Nihon Kohden Corporation Probe and apparatus for determining concentration of light-absorbing materials in living tissue
US6430513B1 (en) 1998-09-04 2002-08-06 Perkinelmer Instruments Llc Monitoring constituents of an animal organ using statistical correlation
US6253098B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2001-06-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Disposable pulse oximeter assembly and protective cover therefor
CA2355337A1 (en) 1998-09-09 2000-03-16 U.S. Army Institute Of Surgical Research Method for monitoring arterial oxygen saturation
US6256524B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2001-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Pulse oximeter sensor combined with a combination oropharyngeal airway and bite block
EP1109487A1 (en) 1998-09-09 2001-06-27 U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research Nasopharyngeal airway with reflectance pulse oximeter sensor
US20020028990A1 (en) 1998-09-09 2002-03-07 Shepherd John M. Device and method for monitoring arterial oxygen saturation
US6393310B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2002-05-21 J. Todd Kuenstner Methods and systems for clinical analyte determination by visible and infrared spectroscopy
EP1113750A1 (en) 1998-09-18 2001-07-11 U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research Self-piercing pulse oximeter sensor assembly
CA2345633A1 (en) 1998-09-29 2000-04-06 Mallinckrodt Inc. Multiple-code oximeter calibration element
WO2000018290A1 (en) 1998-09-29 2000-04-06 Mallinckrodt Inc. Oximeter sensor with encoded temperature characteristic
US6298252B1 (en) 1998-09-29 2001-10-02 Mallinckrodt, Inc. Oximeter sensor with encoder connected to detector
ES2402233T7 (en) 1998-10-13 2015-04-23 Covidien Lp Non-invasive multichannel tissue oximeter
US6343224B1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2002-01-29 Sensidyne, Inc. Reusable pulse oximeter probe and disposable bandage apparatus
US6321100B1 (en) 1999-07-13 2001-11-20 Sensidyne, Inc. Reusable pulse oximeter probe with disposable liner
US6144868A (en) 1998-10-15 2000-11-07 Sensidyne, Inc. Reusable pulse oximeter probe and disposable bandage apparatus
US6519487B1 (en) 1998-10-15 2003-02-11 Sensidyne, Inc. Reusable pulse oximeter probe and disposable bandage apparatus
US6721585B1 (en) 1998-10-15 2004-04-13 Sensidyne, Inc. Universal modular pulse oximeter probe for use with reusable and disposable patient attachment devices
US6684091B2 (en) * 1998-10-15 2004-01-27 Sensidyne, Inc. Reusable pulse oximeter probe and disposable bandage method
US6519486B1 (en) 1998-10-15 2003-02-11 Ntc Technology Inc. Method, apparatus and system for removing motion artifacts from measurements of bodily parameters
US6393311B1 (en) 1998-10-15 2002-05-21 Ntc Technology Inc. Method, apparatus and system for removing motion artifacts from measurements of bodily parameters
US6006120A (en) 1998-10-22 1999-12-21 Palco Labs, Inc. Cordless Pulse oximeter
US6261236B1 (en) 1998-10-26 2001-07-17 Valentin Grimblatov Bioresonance feedback method and apparatus
US6061584A (en) 1998-10-28 2000-05-09 Lovejoy; David A. Pulse oximetry sensor
US6144444A (en) 1998-11-06 2000-11-07 Medtronic Avecor Cardiovascular, Inc. Apparatus and method to determine blood parameters
US7006855B1 (en) 1998-11-16 2006-02-28 S.P.O. Medical Equipment Ltd. Sensor for radiance based diagnostics
US6463311B1 (en) 1998-12-30 2002-10-08 Masimo Corporation Plethysmograph pulse recognition processor
US6684090B2 (en) 1999-01-07 2004-01-27 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry data confidence indicator
US6606511B1 (en) 1999-01-07 2003-08-12 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry pulse indicator
US6280381B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2001-08-28 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Intelligent system for noninvasive blood analyte prediction
US6770028B1 (en) 1999-01-25 2004-08-03 Masimo Corporation Dual-mode pulse oximeter
US20020140675A1 (en) 1999-01-25 2002-10-03 Ali Ammar Al System and method for altering a display mode based on a gravity-responsive sensor
US6658276B2 (en) 1999-01-25 2003-12-02 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximeter user interface
JP4986324B2 (en) 1999-01-25 2012-07-25 マシモ・コーポレイション General purpose / upgrade pulse oximeter
US6438399B1 (en) 1999-02-16 2002-08-20 The Children's Hospital Of Philadelphia Multi-wavelength frequency domain near-infrared cerebral oximeter
DE60041577D1 (en) 1999-03-08 2009-04-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc PROCESS AND CIRCUIT FOR STORAGE AND READY
IL129790A0 (en) 1999-03-09 2000-02-29 Orsense Ltd A device for enhancement of blood-related signals
US6360114B1 (en) 1999-03-25 2002-03-19 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximeter probe-off detector
US6308089B1 (en) 1999-04-14 2001-10-23 O.B. Scientific, Inc. Limited use medical probe
US6675031B1 (en) 1999-04-14 2004-01-06 Mallinckrodt Inc. Method and circuit for indicating quality and accuracy of physiological measurements
US6402690B1 (en) 1999-04-23 2002-06-11 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Isolating ring sensor design
US6226539B1 (en) 1999-05-26 2001-05-01 Mallinckrodt, Inc. Pulse oximeter having a low power led drive
JP4495378B2 (en) 1999-06-10 2010-07-07 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ Quality indicators for measurement signals, especially medical measurement signals from oxygen saturation measurements
EP1200905B1 (en) 1999-06-10 2016-08-24 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Recognition of a useful signal in a measurement signal
JP4495379B2 (en) 1999-06-10 2010-07-07 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ Noise suppression for measurement signals with periodic effective signals
US6587704B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2003-07-01 Orsense Ltd. Method for non-invasive optical measurements of blood parameters
US20030018243A1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2003-01-23 Gerhardt Thomas J. Selectively plated sensor
JP2001017404A (en) 1999-07-09 2001-01-23 Koike Medical:Kk Medical measuring device
WO2001003577A1 (en) 1999-07-14 2001-01-18 Providence Health System - Oregon Adaptive calibration pulsed oximetry method and device
US6760609B2 (en) 1999-07-14 2004-07-06 Providence Health System - Oregon Adaptive calibration pulsed oximetry method and device
US6512937B2 (en) * 1999-07-22 2003-01-28 Sensys Medical, Inc. Multi-tier method of developing localized calibration models for non-invasive blood analyte prediction
WO2001010295A1 (en) 1999-08-06 2001-02-15 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Optoacoustic monitoring of blood oxygenation
US6515273B2 (en) 1999-08-26 2003-02-04 Masimo Corporation System for indicating the expiration of the useful operating life of a pulse oximetry sensor
WO2001017426A1 (en) 1999-09-10 2001-03-15 Gorski Stephen H Oximeter sensor with functional liner
JP3627214B2 (en) 1999-09-13 2005-03-09 日本光電工業株式会社 Blood absorption substance measuring device
US6213952B1 (en) 1999-09-28 2001-04-10 Orsense Ltd. Optical device for non-invasive measurement of blood related signals utilizing a finger holder
US6708049B1 (en) 1999-09-28 2004-03-16 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Sensor with signature of data relating to sensor
US6339715B1 (en) 1999-09-30 2002-01-15 Ob Scientific Method and apparatus for processing a physiological signal
MXPA02003412A (en) 1999-10-07 2004-09-10 K Mills Alexander Method and apparatus for non invasive continuous determination of physiological parameters of a patient s blood.
US6400971B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2002-06-04 Orsense Ltd. Optical device for non-invasive measurement of blood-related signals and a finger holder therefor
US7359741B2 (en) 1999-11-15 2008-04-15 Spo Medical Equipment Ltd. Sensor and radiance based diagnostics
CA2290083A1 (en) 1999-11-19 2001-05-19 Linde Medical Sensors Ag. Device for the combined measurement of the arterial oxygen saturation and the transcutaneous co2 partial pressure of an ear lobe
US6665551B1 (en) 1999-11-19 2003-12-16 Nihon Kohden Corporation Current driving system of light emitting diode
DE60045876D1 (en) 1999-11-22 2011-06-01 Mallinckrodt Inc Pulse oximeter sensor with a wider band
JP2001149349A (en) 1999-11-26 2001-06-05 Nippon Koden Corp Sensor for living body
US6542764B1 (en) 1999-12-01 2003-04-01 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximeter monitor for expressing the urgency of the patient's condition
US6950687B2 (en) 1999-12-09 2005-09-27 Masimo Corporation Isolation and communication element for a resposable pulse oximetry sensor
US6671531B2 (en) 1999-12-09 2003-12-30 Masimo Corporation Sensor wrap including foldable applicator
US6377829B1 (en) 1999-12-09 2002-04-23 Masimo Corporation Resposable pulse oximetry sensor
US6408198B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2002-06-18 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Method and system for improving photoplethysmographic analyte measurements by de-weighting motion-contaminated data
US6360113B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2002-03-19 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Photoplethysmographic instrument
US6397092B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2002-05-28 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Oversampling pulse oximeter
US6381479B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2002-04-30 Date-Ohmeda, Inc. Pulse oximeter with improved DC and low frequency rejection
US6363269B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2002-03-26 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Synchronized modulation/demodulation method and apparatus for frequency division multiplexed spectrophotometric system
US6152754A (en) 1999-12-21 2000-11-28 Masimo Corporation Circuit board based cable connector
AU1678800A (en) 1999-12-22 2001-07-03 Orsense Ltd. A method of optical measurements for determining various parameters of the patient's blood
US6594513B1 (en) 2000-01-12 2003-07-15 Paul D. Jobsis Method and apparatus for determining oxygen saturation of blood in body organs
US7198778B2 (en) 2000-01-18 2007-04-03 Mallinckrodt Inc. Tumor-targeted optical contrast agents
US6564088B1 (en) 2000-01-21 2003-05-13 University Of Massachusetts Probe for localized tissue spectroscopy
US7047055B2 (en) 2000-01-28 2006-05-16 The General Hospital Corporation Fetal pulse oximetry
CN100506143C (en) 2000-02-10 2009-07-01 德雷格医疗系统公司 Method and apparatus for detecting physiological parameter
AU2001236874B8 (en) 2000-02-11 2004-05-27 Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Pacifier pulse oximeter sensor
US6385821B1 (en) 2000-02-17 2002-05-14 Udt Sensors, Inc. Apparatus for securing an oximeter probe to a patient
IL135077A0 (en) * 2000-03-15 2001-05-20 Orsense Ltd A probe for use in non-invasive measurements of blood related parameters
US6538721B2 (en) * 2000-03-24 2003-03-25 Nikon Corporation Scanning exposure apparatus
US6594511B2 (en) 2000-03-29 2003-07-15 Robert T. Stone Method and apparatus for determining physiological characteristics
US6453183B1 (en) 2000-04-10 2002-09-17 Stephen D. Walker Cerebral oxygenation monitor
EP2684514B1 (en) 2000-04-17 2018-10-24 Covidien LP Pulse oximeter sensor with piece-wise function
US6699199B2 (en) 2000-04-18 2004-03-02 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Photoplethysmograph signal-to-noise line enhancement
AU2001250960A1 (en) 2000-04-28 2001-11-12 Kinderlife Instruments, Inc. Method for determining blood constituents
WO2001084107A2 (en) 2000-05-02 2001-11-08 Cas Medical Systems, Inc. Method for non-invasive spectrophotometric blood oxygenation monitoring
US6430525B1 (en) 2000-06-05 2002-08-06 Masimo Corporation Variable mode averager
US6510331B1 (en) 2000-06-05 2003-01-21 Glenn Williams Switching device for multi-sensor array
GB0014855D0 (en) 2000-06-16 2000-08-09 Isis Innovation Combining measurements from different sensors
GB0014854D0 (en) * 2000-06-16 2000-08-09 Isis Innovation System and method for acquiring data
US6470199B1 (en) 2000-06-21 2002-10-22 Masimo Corporation Elastic sock for positioning an optical probe
DE10030862B4 (en) 2000-06-23 2006-02-09 Nicolay Verwaltungs-Gmbh Device for fixing a medical measuring device, in particular a pulse oximetry sensor, and use of such a device
US6697656B1 (en) 2000-06-27 2004-02-24 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry sensor compatible with multiple pulse oximetry systems
US6587703B2 (en) 2000-09-18 2003-07-01 Photonify Technologies, Inc. System and method for measuring absolute oxygen saturation
US6597931B1 (en) 2000-09-18 2003-07-22 Photonify Technologies, Inc. System and method for absolute oxygen saturation
US6719686B2 (en) 2000-08-30 2004-04-13 Mallinckrodt, Inc. Fetal probe having an optical imaging device
US6591123B2 (en) 2000-08-31 2003-07-08 Mallinckrodt Inc. Oximeter sensor with digital memory recording sensor data
US6606510B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2003-08-12 Mallinckrodt Inc. Oximeter sensor with digital memory encoding patient data
US6628975B1 (en) 2000-08-31 2003-09-30 Mallinckrodt Inc. Oximeter sensor with digital memory storing data
US6600940B1 (en) 2000-08-31 2003-07-29 Mallinckrodt Inc. Oximeter sensor with digital memory
US6553241B2 (en) 2000-08-31 2003-04-22 Mallinckrodt Inc. Oximeter sensor with digital memory encoding sensor expiration data
US6571113B1 (en) 2000-09-21 2003-05-27 Mallinckrodt, Inc. Oximeter sensor adapter with coding element
US6490466B1 (en) 2000-09-21 2002-12-03 Mallinckrodt Inc. Interconnect circuit between non-compatible oximeter and sensor
JP3845776B2 (en) 2000-09-22 2006-11-15 日本光電工業株式会社 Absorbent concentration measuring device in blood
US6505060B1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2003-01-07 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Method and apparatus for determining pulse oximetry differential values
US6434408B1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-08-13 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Pulse oximetry method and system with improved motion correction
IL138884A (en) 2000-10-05 2006-07-05 Conmed Corp Pulse oximeter and a method of its operation
US6819950B2 (en) 2000-10-06 2004-11-16 Alexander K. Mills Method for noninvasive continuous determination of physiologic characteristics
US6519484B1 (en) 2000-11-01 2003-02-11 Ge Medical Systems Information Technologies, Inc. Pulse oximetry sensor
US6466809B1 (en) 2000-11-02 2002-10-15 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Oximeter sensor having laminated housing with flat patient interface surface
US6505133B1 (en) 2000-11-15 2003-01-07 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Simultaneous signal attenuation measurements utilizing code division multiplexing
US6560470B1 (en) 2000-11-15 2003-05-06 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Electrical lockout photoplethysmographic measurement system
US6594512B2 (en) 2000-11-21 2003-07-15 Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. Method and apparatus for estimating a physiological parameter from a physiological signal
US6760610B2 (en) 2000-11-23 2004-07-06 Sentec Ag Sensor and method for measurement of physiological parameters
US20020068859A1 (en) 2000-12-01 2002-06-06 Knopp Christina A. Laser diode drive scheme for noise reduction in photoplethysmographic measurements
US6760607B2 (en) 2000-12-29 2004-07-06 Masimo Corporation Ribbon cable substrate pulse oximetry sensor
US6985763B2 (en) * 2001-01-19 2006-01-10 Tufts University Method for measuring venous oxygen saturation
US6501974B2 (en) 2001-01-22 2002-12-31 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Compensation of human variability in pulse oximetry
US6510329B2 (en) * 2001-01-24 2003-01-21 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Detection of sensor off conditions in a pulse oximeter
US6618602B2 (en) 2001-03-08 2003-09-09 Palco Labs, Inc. Method and apparatus for simultaneously determining a patient's identification and blood oxygen saturation
US20020133067A1 (en) 2001-03-15 2002-09-19 Jackson William H. New born and premature infant SIDS warning device
US6556852B1 (en) 2001-03-27 2003-04-29 I-Medik, Inc. Earpiece with sensors to measure/monitor multiple physiological variables
JP2002303576A (en) 2001-04-05 2002-10-18 Nippon Colin Co Ltd Oxygen saturation measuring device
US20050043599A1 (en) 2001-04-19 2005-02-24 O'mara Sean T. Pulse oximetry device and method
KR100612827B1 (en) 2001-04-19 2006-08-14 삼성전자주식회사 Method and apparatus for noninvasively measuring hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation
US20020156354A1 (en) 2001-04-20 2002-10-24 Larson Eric Russell Pulse oximetry sensor with improved spring
US6505061B2 (en) 2001-04-20 2003-01-07 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Pulse oximetry sensor with improved appendage cushion
JP2004532526A (en) 2001-05-03 2004-10-21 マシモ・コーポレイション Flex circuit shield optical sensor and method of manufacturing the flex circuit shield optical sensor
DE60221841T2 (en) 2001-06-20 2008-05-15 Purdue Research Foundation, West Lafayette PRESSURE CUFF WITH BODY LIGHTING FOR USE IN THE OPTICAL NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF BLOOD PARAMETERS
US6801802B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2004-10-05 Ge Medical Systems Information Technologies, Inc. System and method for selecting physiological data from a plurality of physiological data sources
US6697658B2 (en) 2001-07-02 2004-02-24 Masimo Corporation Low power pulse oximeter
US6731967B1 (en) 2001-07-16 2004-05-04 Pacesetter, Inc. Methods and devices for vascular plethysmography via modulation of source intensity
US6754516B2 (en) 2001-07-19 2004-06-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Nuisance alarm reductions in a physiological monitor
DE10136355A1 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-02-13 Niels Rahe-Meyer Device for monitoring vital parameters of an animal or human body consists of a portable bag with sensors, analysis electronics and visual and audible output means as well as interfaces for connection to other devices
US6802812B1 (en) 2001-07-27 2004-10-12 Nostix Llc Noninvasive optical sensor for measuring near infrared light absorbing analytes
US6654621B2 (en) 2001-08-29 2003-11-25 Bci, Inc. Finger oximeter with finger grip suspension system
USD455834S1 (en) 2001-08-29 2002-04-16 Bci, Inc. Finger oximeter
US6668183B2 (en) 2001-09-11 2003-12-23 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Diode detection circuit
IL145445A (en) 2001-09-13 2006-12-31 Conmed Corp Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement
US6671532B1 (en) 2001-09-17 2003-12-30 Respironics Novametrix, Inc. Pulse oximetry sensor and dispensing method
GB0123395D0 (en) * 2001-09-28 2001-11-21 Isis Innovation Locating features ina photoplethysmograph signal
US6697655B2 (en) 2001-10-05 2004-02-24 Mortara Instrument, Inc. Low power pulse oximeter
US6697653B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2004-02-24 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Reduced wire count voltage drop sense
US6564077B2 (en) 2001-10-10 2003-05-13 Mortara Instrument, Inc. Method and apparatus for pulse oximetry
US20030073890A1 (en) 2001-10-10 2003-04-17 Hanna D. Alan Plethysmographic signal processing method and system
US6773397B2 (en) 2001-10-11 2004-08-10 Draeger Medical Systems, Inc. System for processing signal data representing physiological parameters
US20030073889A1 (en) 2001-10-11 2003-04-17 Keilbach Kevin A. Monitoring led wavelength shift in photoplethysmography
US6840904B2 (en) * 2001-10-11 2005-01-11 Jason Goldberg Medical monitoring device and system
US6748254B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2004-06-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Stacked adhesive optical sensor
US7248910B2 (en) 2001-10-22 2007-07-24 Cardiodigital Limited Physiological parameter monitoring system and sensor assembly for same
US6839579B1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2005-01-04 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Temperature indicating oximetry sensor
US6701170B2 (en) 2001-11-02 2004-03-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Blind source separation of pulse oximetry signals
JP4174648B2 (en) 2001-11-12 2008-11-05 ロート製薬株式会社 Aqueous composition
JP3709836B2 (en) 2001-11-20 2005-10-26 コニカミノルタセンシング株式会社 Blood component measuring device
US20030100840A1 (en) 2001-11-28 2003-05-29 Nihon Kohden Corporation Pulse photometry probe
US6839580B2 (en) * 2001-12-06 2005-01-04 Ric Investments, Inc. Adaptive calibration for pulse oximetry
US6780158B2 (en) 2001-12-14 2004-08-24 Nihon Kohden Corporation Signal processing method and pulse wave signal processing method
US6668182B2 (en) 2002-01-10 2003-12-23 Northeast Monitoring Pulse oxymetry data processing
US6822564B2 (en) 2002-01-24 2004-11-23 Masimo Corporation Parallel measurement alarm processor
US7020507B2 (en) 2002-01-31 2006-03-28 Dolphin Medical, Inc. Separating motion from cardiac signals using second order derivative of the photo-plethysmogram and fast fourier transforms
DE60315596T2 (en) 2002-01-31 2008-05-15 Loughborough University Enterprises Ltd., Loughborough VENOUS PULSE OXIMETRY
US6882874B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2005-04-19 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Compensation of human variability in pulse oximetry
US6805673B2 (en) 2002-02-22 2004-10-19 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Monitoring mayer wave effects based on a photoplethysmographic signal
US6709402B2 (en) 2002-02-22 2004-03-23 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Apparatus and method for monitoring respiration with a pulse oximeter
US20040039273A1 (en) 2002-02-22 2004-02-26 Terry Alvin Mark Cepstral domain pulse oximetry
JP2005518238A (en) 2002-02-22 2005-06-23 デイテックス−オーメダ インコーポレイテッド Cepstrum region pulse oximeter
US6702752B2 (en) 2002-02-22 2004-03-09 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Monitoring respiration based on plethysmographic heart rate signal
US6863652B2 (en) 2002-03-13 2005-03-08 Draeger Medical Systems, Inc. Power conserving adaptive control system for generating signal in portable medical devices
KR100455289B1 (en) * 2002-03-16 2004-11-08 삼성전자주식회사 Method of diagnosing using a ray and apparatus thereof
US6647279B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2003-11-11 Jonas Alexander Pologe Hybrid optical delivery system for photoplethysmography
US6850788B2 (en) 2002-03-25 2005-02-01 Masimo Corporation Physiological measurement communications adapter
US20030212316A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-11-13 Leiden Jeffrey M. Method and apparatus for determining blood parameters and vital signs of a patient
US6711425B1 (en) 2002-05-28 2004-03-23 Ob Scientific, Inc. Pulse oximeter with calibration stabilization
US8996090B2 (en) * 2002-06-03 2015-03-31 Exostat Medical, Inc. Noninvasive detection of a physiologic parameter within a body tissue of a patient
US7024235B2 (en) 2002-06-20 2006-04-04 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Specially configured nasal pulse oximeter/photoplethysmography probes, and combined nasal probe/cannula, selectively with sampler for capnography, and covering sleeves for same
US6865407B2 (en) 2002-07-11 2005-03-08 Optical Sensors, Inc. Calibration technique for non-invasive medical devices
US7072701B2 (en) 2002-07-26 2006-07-04 Cas Medical Systems, Inc. Method for spectrophotometric blood oxygenation monitoring
US6850789B2 (en) 2002-07-29 2005-02-01 Welch Allyn, Inc. Combination SPO2/temperature measuring apparatus
US7096054B2 (en) 2002-08-01 2006-08-22 Masimo Corporation Low noise optical housing
KR100493157B1 (en) 2002-08-02 2005-06-03 삼성전자주식회사 Probe using in measuring organism signal and system for measuring organism signal comprising the same
US7133711B2 (en) 2002-08-07 2006-11-07 Orsense, Ltd. Method and system for decomposition of multiple channel signals
US6720734B2 (en) 2002-08-08 2004-04-13 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Oximeter with nulled op-amp current feedback
US6707257B2 (en) 2002-08-08 2004-03-16 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Ferrite stabilized LED drive
US6825619B2 (en) 2002-08-08 2004-11-30 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Feedback-controlled LED switching
US6763256B2 (en) 2002-08-16 2004-07-13 Optical Sensors, Inc. Pulse oximeter
US6879850B2 (en) 2002-08-16 2005-04-12 Optical Sensors Incorporated Pulse oximeter with motion detection
US6745061B1 (en) 2002-08-21 2004-06-01 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Disposable oximetry sensor
US6643531B1 (en) 2002-08-22 2003-11-04 Bci, Inc. Combination fingerprint and oximetry device
US6912413B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2005-06-28 Ge Healthcare Finland Oy Pulse oximeter
US7341559B2 (en) 2002-09-14 2008-03-11 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry ear sensor
US7142901B2 (en) 2002-09-25 2006-11-28 Masimo Corporation Parameter compensated physiological monitor
US20040186358A1 (en) 2002-09-25 2004-09-23 Bart Chernow Monitoring system containing a hospital bed with integrated display
US7289837B2 (en) 2002-10-01 2007-10-30 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorpoated Forehead sensor placement
US7096052B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2006-08-22 Masimo Corporation Optical probe including predetermined emission wavelength based on patient type
JP4352315B2 (en) 2002-10-31 2009-10-28 日本光電工業株式会社 Signal processing method / apparatus and pulse photometer using the same
US7139559B2 (en) 2002-12-09 2006-11-21 Qualcomm Inc. System and method for handshaking between wireless devices and servers
JP4489385B2 (en) 2002-12-12 2010-06-23 株式会社日立メディコ Measuring probe and biological light measuring device
US6947781B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2005-09-20 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Vibratory venous and arterial oximetry sensor
US6754515B1 (en) 2002-12-17 2004-06-22 Kestrel Labs, Inc. Stabilization of noisy optical sources in photoplethysmography
KR100499139B1 (en) 2003-01-07 2005-07-04 삼성전자주식회사 Method of removing abnormal data and blood constituent analysing system using spectroscopy employing the same
US7006856B2 (en) 2003-01-10 2006-02-28 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Signal quality metrics design for qualifying data for a physiological monitor
US7016715B2 (en) 2003-01-13 2006-03-21 Nellcorpuritan Bennett Incorporated Selection of preset filter parameters based on signal quality
US7225006B2 (en) 2003-01-23 2007-05-29 Masimo Corporation Attachment and optical probe
US6920345B2 (en) 2003-01-24 2005-07-19 Masimo Corporation Optical sensor including disposable and reusable elements
US7272426B2 (en) 2003-02-05 2007-09-18 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Finger medical sensor
US6968221B2 (en) 2003-03-14 2005-11-22 Futrex, Inc. Low-cost method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring blood glucose levels
US6993372B2 (en) * 2003-06-03 2006-01-31 Orsense Ltd. Method and system for use in non-invasive optical measurements of blood parameters
US6992772B2 (en) * 2003-06-19 2006-01-31 Optix Lp Method and apparatus for optical sampling to reduce interfering variances
US6954664B2 (en) 2003-06-20 2005-10-11 Smiths Medical Pm, Inc. Oximetry simulator
US7025728B2 (en) 2003-06-30 2006-04-11 Nihon Kohden Corporation Method for reducing noise, and pulse photometer using the method
US7003338B2 (en) 2003-07-08 2006-02-21 Masimo Corporation Method and apparatus for reducing coupling between signals
DE10334542A1 (en) 2003-07-29 2005-02-17 Pav Patentverwertung Kg Brewing device with elastic element for holding down the coffee pad
US7263396B2 (en) 2003-08-08 2007-08-28 Cardiodigital Limited Ear sensor assembly
US7107088B2 (en) 2003-08-25 2006-09-12 Sarnoff Corporation Pulse oximetry methods and apparatus for use within an auditory canal
US6931269B2 (en) 2003-08-27 2005-08-16 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Multi-domain motion estimation and plethysmographic recognition using fuzzy neural-nets
US20050049468A1 (en) 2003-09-03 2005-03-03 Sven-Erik Carlson Increasing the performance of an optical pulsoximeter
CA2481857A1 (en) 2003-09-19 2005-03-19 Nir Diagnostics Inc. Near infrared risk assessment of diseases
US20050075550A1 (en) 2003-10-03 2005-04-07 Lindekugel Eric W. Quick-clip sensor holder
US7254434B2 (en) 2003-10-14 2007-08-07 Masimo Corporation Variable pressure reusable sensor
TWI250867B (en) 2003-10-22 2006-03-11 Surewin Technology Corp Pulse wave analysis device
DE20318882U1 (en) 2003-12-03 2004-03-11 Drewes, Susanne Pulse-oximetry sensor suitable for new-born includes flexible, conformed, hygienic material embedding circuitry for disinfection and reuse
US7305262B2 (en) 2003-12-11 2007-12-04 Ge Medical Systems Information Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for acquiring oximetry and electrocardiogram signals
US7280858B2 (en) 2004-01-05 2007-10-09 Masimo Corporation Pulse oximetry sensor
JP2005200031A (en) 2004-01-13 2005-07-28 Showa Kiki Kogyo Co Ltd Pos communication failure preventive device
US7162288B2 (en) * 2004-02-25 2007-01-09 Nellcor Purtain Bennett Incorporated Techniques for detecting heart pulses and reducing power consumption in sensors
US20050197548A1 (en) 2004-03-05 2005-09-08 Elekon Industries Usa, Inc. Disposable/reusable flexible sensor
JP4191642B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2008-12-03 三菱電機株式会社 Transflective liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof
US7238159B2 (en) * 2004-04-07 2007-07-03 Triage Wireless, Inc. Device, system and method for monitoring vital signs
US20050228248A1 (en) 2004-04-07 2005-10-13 Thomas Dietiker Clip-type sensor having integrated biasing and cushioning means
US7263393B2 (en) 2004-06-07 2007-08-28 Healing Rhythms, Llc. Biofeedback ring sensors
US7683759B2 (en) 2004-10-06 2010-03-23 Martis Ip Holdings, Llc Patient identification system
US20060084878A1 (en) 2004-10-18 2006-04-20 Triage Wireless, Inc. Personal computer-based vital signs monitor
WO2006134421A2 (en) 2004-11-05 2006-12-21 Envitec-Wismar Gmbh Apparatus for improved pulse oximetry measurement
US7359742B2 (en) 2004-11-12 2008-04-15 Nonin Medical, Inc. Sensor assembly
US7658716B2 (en) 2004-12-07 2010-02-09 Triage Wireless, Inc. Vital signs monitor using an optical ear-based module
JP2006204742A (en) 2005-01-31 2006-08-10 Konica Minolta Sensing Inc Method and system for evaluating sleep, its operation program, pulse oxymeter, and system for supporting sleep
KR100716824B1 (en) 2005-04-28 2007-05-09 삼성전기주식회사 Printed circuit board with embedded capacitors using hybrid materials, and manufacturing process thereof
JP3115374U (en) 2005-08-02 2005-11-04 誠一 染谷 Shoji puller and shoji equipped with the puller
US7590439B2 (en) 2005-08-08 2009-09-15 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Bi-stable medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7657294B2 (en) 2005-08-08 2010-02-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Compliant diaphragm medical sensor and technique for using the same
JP3116255U (en) 2005-08-30 2005-12-02 モリト株式会社 Eggplant ring and key holder using the same
US7869850B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-01-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US7904130B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-03-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7899510B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-03-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7881762B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2011-02-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Clip-style medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7483731B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2009-01-27 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8073518B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2011-12-06 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Clip-style medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7477924B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2009-01-13 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7522948B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2009-04-21 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
JP3134144U (en) 2006-11-13 2007-08-09 ▲寛▼重 小林 Article-mounted lid and Western-style toilet equipped with article-mounted lid

Patent Citations (94)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3403555A (en) * 1966-07-18 1968-10-01 Versaci Flowmeter
US3536545A (en) * 1968-05-13 1970-10-27 Rogers Corp Method of making electrical members
US4098772A (en) * 1976-03-11 1978-07-04 The Upjohn Company Thermoplastic polyurethanes prepared with small amounts of monohydric alcohols
US4289141A (en) * 1976-08-19 1981-09-15 Cormier Cardiac Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for extracting systolic valvular events from heart sounds
US4380240A (en) * 1977-06-28 1983-04-19 Duke University, Inc. Apparatus for monitoring metabolism in body organs
US4353372A (en) * 1980-02-11 1982-10-12 Bunker Ramo Corporation Medical cable set and electrode therefor
US4334544A (en) * 1980-04-28 1982-06-15 Amf Incorporated Ear lobe clip with heart beat sensor
US4350165A (en) * 1980-05-23 1982-09-21 Trw Inc. Medical electrode assembly
US4406289A (en) * 1980-09-12 1983-09-27 Nederlandse Centrale Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Device for the indirect, non-invasive and continuous measurement of blood pressure
US4510551A (en) * 1984-05-21 1985-04-09 Endeco Canada Limited Portable memory module
US4677528A (en) * 1984-05-31 1987-06-30 Motorola, Inc. Flexible printed circuit board having integrated circuit die or the like affixed thereto
US5259381A (en) * 1986-08-18 1993-11-09 Physio-Control Corporation Apparatus for the automatic calibration of signals employed in oximetry
US4726382A (en) * 1986-09-17 1988-02-23 The Boc Group, Inc. Inflatable finger cuff
US4783815A (en) * 1986-11-18 1988-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Manufacturing miniature hearing aid having a multi-layer circuit arrangement
US4722120A (en) * 1987-06-23 1988-02-02 James Lu Spring clip
US5035243A (en) * 1988-03-26 1991-07-30 Nicolay Gmbh Holder sleeve for positioning a detecting and measuring sensor
US5041187A (en) * 1988-04-29 1991-08-20 Thor Technology Corporation Oximeter sensor assembly with integral cable and method of forming the same
US4971062A (en) * 1988-09-24 1990-11-20 Misawa Homes Institute Of Research And Development Fingertip pulse wave sensor
US5065749A (en) * 1988-09-24 1991-11-19 Misawa Homes Institute Of Research & Development Fingertip pulse wave sensor
US5028787A (en) * 1989-01-19 1991-07-02 Futrex, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood glucose
US5086229A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-02-04 Futrex, Inc. Non-invasive measurement of blood glucose
US5218207A (en) * 1989-01-19 1993-06-08 Futrex, Inc. Using led harmonic wavelengths for near-infrared quantitative
US5278627A (en) * 1991-02-15 1994-01-11 Nihon Kohden Corporation Apparatus for calibrating pulse oximeter
US5267566A (en) * 1991-03-07 1993-12-07 Maged Choucair Apparatus and method for blood pressure monitoring
US20020026109A1 (en) * 1991-03-21 2002-02-28 Mohamed Diab Low-noise optical probes
US20030045785A1 (en) * 1991-03-21 2003-03-06 Mohamed Diab Low-noise optical probes for reducing ambient noise
US6792300B1 (en) * 1991-03-21 2004-09-14 Masimo Corporation Low-noise optical probes for reducing light piping
US20050043600A1 (en) * 1991-03-21 2005-02-24 Mohamed Diab Low-noise optical probes for reducing ambient noise
US6256523B1 (en) * 1991-03-21 2001-07-03 Masimo Corporation Low-noise optical probes
US5275159A (en) * 1991-03-22 1994-01-04 Madaus Schwarzer Medizintechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for diagnosis of sleep disorders
US6223064B1 (en) * 1992-08-19 2001-04-24 Lawrence A. Lynn Microprocessor system for the simplified diagnosis of sleep apnea
US6342039B1 (en) * 1992-08-19 2002-01-29 Lawrence A. Lynn Microprocessor system for the simplified diagnosis of sleep apnea
US5348003A (en) * 1992-09-03 1994-09-20 Sirraya, Inc. Method and apparatus for chemical analysis
US5416582A (en) * 1993-02-11 1995-05-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Method and apparatus for localization and spectroscopy of objects using optical frequency modulation of diffusion waves
US5494043A (en) * 1993-05-04 1996-02-27 Vital Insite, Inc. Arterial sensor
US5511546A (en) * 1993-09-20 1996-04-30 Hon; Edward H. Finger apparatus for measuring continuous cutaneous blood pressure and electrocardiogram electrode
US5788634A (en) * 1993-12-07 1998-08-04 Nihon Kohden Corporation Multi purpose sensor
US5730124A (en) * 1993-12-14 1998-03-24 Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Medical measurement apparatus
US6371921B1 (en) * 1994-04-15 2002-04-16 Masimo Corporation System and method of determining whether to recalibrate a blood pressure monitor
US5402779A (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-04-04 Chen; William X. Method for the non-invasive detection of an intravascular injection of an anesthetic by the use of an indicator dye
US6493568B1 (en) * 1994-07-19 2002-12-10 Kci Licensing, Inc. Patient interface system
US5664270A (en) * 1994-07-19 1997-09-09 Kinetic Concepts, Inc. Patient interface system
US5673692A (en) * 1995-02-03 1997-10-07 Biosignals Ltd. Co. Single site, multi-variable patient monitor
US5619992A (en) * 1995-04-06 1997-04-15 Guthrie; Robert B. Methods and apparatus for inhibiting contamination of reusable pulse oximetry sensors
US5743262A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-04-28 Masimo Corporation Blood glucose monitoring system
US5638816A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-06-17 Masimo Corporation Active pulse blood constituent monitoring
US6151516A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-11-21 Masimo Laboratories Active pulse blood constituent monitoring
US5829439A (en) * 1995-06-28 1998-11-03 Hitachi Medical Corporation Needle-like ultrasonic probe for ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus, method of producing same, and ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus using same
US6055447A (en) * 1995-07-06 2000-04-25 Institute Of Critical Care Medicine Patient CO2 Measurement
US6104939A (en) * 1995-10-23 2000-08-15 Cytometrics, Inc. Method and apparatus for reflected imaging analysis
US5983120A (en) * 1995-10-23 1999-11-09 Cytometrics, Inc. Method and apparatus for reflected imaging analysis
US6075610A (en) * 1996-05-10 2000-06-13 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Method and apparatus for measuring internal property distribution
US6632181B2 (en) * 1996-06-26 2003-10-14 Masimo Corporation Rapid non-invasive blood pressure measuring device
US5957840A (en) * 1996-10-03 1999-09-28 Nihon Kohden Corporation Pinch device for detecting a biomedical signal
US5830136A (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-11-03 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Gel pad optical sensor
US6712762B1 (en) * 1997-02-28 2004-03-30 Ors Diagnostic, Llc Personal computer card for collection of real-time biological data
US6159147A (en) * 1997-02-28 2000-12-12 Qrs Diagnostics, Llc Personal computer card for collection of real-time biological data
US5827179A (en) * 1997-02-28 1998-10-27 Qrs Diagnostic, Llc Personal computer card for collection for real-time biological data
US6939307B1 (en) * 1997-05-13 2005-09-06 Colin Dunlop Method and apparatus for monitoring haemodynamic function
US6353750B1 (en) * 1997-06-27 2002-03-05 Sysmex Corporation Living body inspecting apparatus and noninvasive blood analyzer using the same
US6609016B1 (en) * 1997-07-14 2003-08-19 Lawrence A. Lynn Medical microprocessor system and method for providing a ventilation indexed oximetry value
US6078829A (en) * 1997-12-14 2000-06-20 Matsuhita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Measuring apparatus for biological information
US6400973B1 (en) * 1998-01-20 2002-06-04 Bowden's Automated Products, Inc. Arterial blood flow simulator
US6179159B1 (en) * 1998-01-26 2001-01-30 Mariruth D. Gurley Communicable disease barrier digit cover and dispensing package therefor
US20060258924A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2006-11-16 Ammar Al-Ali Physiological monitor
US20050197551A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2005-09-08 Ammar Al-Ali Stereo pulse oximeter
US20060270920A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2006-11-30 Ammar Al-Ali Physiological monitor
US20060281983A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2006-12-14 Ammar Al-Ali Physiological monitor
US20060258923A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2006-11-16 Ammar Al-Ali Physiological monitor
US20040059209A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2004-03-25 Ammar Al-Ali Stereo pulse oximeter
US20060258925A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 2006-11-16 Ammar Al-Ali Physiological monitor
US6461305B1 (en) * 1998-06-07 2002-10-08 Itamar Medical Pressure applicator devices particularly useful for non-invasive detection of medical conditions
US6064898A (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-05-16 Essential Medical Devices Non-invasive blood component analyzer
US6650916B2 (en) * 1998-11-05 2003-11-18 Cytoprop, L.L.C. Method and apparatus for providing high contrast imaging
US6438396B1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2002-08-20 Cytometrics, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing high contrast imaging
US6608562B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2003-08-19 Denso Corporation Vital signal detecting apparatus
US6554788B1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2003-04-29 Cobe Cardiovascular, Inc. Hematocrit sampling system
US6640116B2 (en) * 2000-08-18 2003-10-28 Masimo Corporation Optical spectroscopy pathlength measurement system
US20030220548A1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2003-11-27 Mallinckrodt Inc. Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders
US20020161287A1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-10-31 Schmitt Joseph M. Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders
US20030225323A1 (en) * 2002-01-08 2003-12-04 Kiani Massi E. Physiological sensor combination
US20050277819A1 (en) * 2002-01-08 2005-12-15 Kiani Massi E Physiological sensor combination
US20030181799A1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2003-09-25 Eric Lindekugel Neonatal bootie wrap
US20040098009A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-05-20 Pelikan Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for body fluid sampling and analyte sensing
US20040242976A1 (en) * 2002-04-22 2004-12-02 Abreu Marcio Marc Apparatus and method for measuring biologic parameters
US20070027375A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2007-02-01 Melker Richard J Optimized gas supply using photoplethysmography
US6731962B1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-04 Smiths Medical Pm Inc Finger oximeter with remote telecommunications capabilities and system therefor
US7072705B2 (en) * 2003-09-08 2006-07-04 Vanderbilt University Apparatus and methods of brain shift compensation and applications of the same
US20050215085A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2005-09-29 Mehta Parag P PCI - express slot for coupling plural devices to a host system
US20060009700A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2006-01-12 The Gov. Of The U.S.A As Represented By The Secrety Of The Dept. Of H.H.S., Centers For D.C.P. Apparatus and method for assessing peripheral circulation to evaluate a physiological condition
US20060025931A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-02-02 Richard Rosen Method and apparatus for real time predictive modeling for chronically ill patients
US7412272B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2008-08-12 Datex-Ohmeda, Inc. Finger sleeve sensor holder
US20060272418A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Brown University Opto-acoustic methods and apparatus for perfoming high resolution acoustic imaging and other sample probing and modification operations
US20060272419A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Brown University Opto-acoustic methods and apparatus for performing high resolution acoustic imaging and other sample probing and modification operations

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8649839B2 (en) 1996-10-10 2014-02-11 Covidien Lp Motion compatible sensor for non-invasive optical blood analysis
US8600469B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2013-12-03 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7650177B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2010-01-19 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US7729736B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2010-06-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7676253B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2010-03-09 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7869850B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-01-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US8060171B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-11-15 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US7904130B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-03-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8965473B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2015-02-24 Covidien Lp Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US7899510B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2011-03-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US7881762B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2011-02-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Clip-style medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8352010B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2013-01-08 Covidien Lp Folding medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8352009B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2013-01-08 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8073518B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2011-12-06 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Clip-style medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8437826B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2013-05-07 Covidien Lp Clip-style medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8577436B2 (en) 2006-08-22 2013-11-05 Covidien Lp Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8145288B2 (en) 2006-08-22 2012-03-27 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8195264B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2012-06-05 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8190225B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2012-05-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8175671B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2012-05-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8396527B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2013-03-12 Covidien Lp Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8190224B2 (en) 2006-09-22 2012-05-29 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US7869849B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2011-01-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Opaque, electrically nonconductive region on a medical sensor
US7894869B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2011-02-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Multiple configuration medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8346328B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2013-01-01 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8352004B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2013-01-08 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8257274B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2012-09-04 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8364220B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2013-01-29 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US20100081904A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Device And Method For Securing A Medical Sensor to An Infant's Head
WO2010073913A1 (en) * 2008-12-26 2010-07-01 コニカミノルタセンシング株式会社 Probe for measuring living body information
US10973415B2 (en) * 2009-02-25 2021-04-13 Valencell, Inc. Form-fitted monitoring apparatus for health and environmental monitoring
US11026588B2 (en) 2009-02-25 2021-06-08 Valencell, Inc. Methods and apparatus for detecting motion noise and for removing motion noise from physiological signals
US11160460B2 (en) 2009-02-25 2021-11-02 Valencell, Inc. Physiological monitoring methods
US8515515B2 (en) 2009-03-25 2013-08-20 Covidien Lp Medical sensor with compressible light barrier and technique for using the same
US8781548B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2014-07-15 Covidien Lp Medical sensor with flexible components and technique for using the same
WO2021126117A1 (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-24 Istanbul Medipol Universitesi Pulse oximeter that is not affected from motion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007033177A2 (en) 2007-03-22
TW200722039A (en) 2007-06-16
US20100280344A1 (en) 2010-11-04
WO2007033177A3 (en) 2007-05-10
US8260391B2 (en) 2012-09-04
US20120277560A1 (en) 2012-11-01
US8971979B2 (en) 2015-03-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8971979B2 (en) Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US8060171B2 (en) Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
CA2753017C (en) Medical sensor with compressible light barrier and technique for using the same
US8190225B2 (en) Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8175671B2 (en) Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8145288B2 (en) Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8396527B2 (en) Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same
US8818476B2 (en) Reflectance and/or transmissive pulse oximeter
US8515511B2 (en) Sensor with an optical coupling material to improve plethysmographic measurements and method of using the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT INCORPORATED, CALIFORNIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HOARAU, CARINE;REEL/FRAME:016980/0699

Effective date: 20050902

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION