US20060288687A1 - Grommeted bypass duct penetration - Google Patents
Grommeted bypass duct penetration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060288687A1 US20060288687A1 US11/178,282 US17828205A US2006288687A1 US 20060288687 A1 US20060288687 A1 US 20060288687A1 US 17828205 A US17828205 A US 17828205A US 2006288687 A1 US2006288687 A1 US 2006288687A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- canceled
- bypass duct
- projection
- turbofan engine
- duct wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/06—Fluid supply conduits to nozzles or the like
- F01D9/065—Fluid supply or removal conduits traversing the working fluid flow, e.g. for lubrication-, cooling-, or sealing fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
- F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
- F05D2230/642—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins using maintaining alignment while permitting differential dilatation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thin-walled duct penetration sealing grommet, particularly useful for sealing between an opening in a gas turbine engine bypass duct wall and the external surface of a projection extending through the opening to simplify manufacture by eliminating complex joint configurations, while accommodating pressure differential, and relative thermal expansion and contraction.
- the bypass duct of a turbofan gas turbine engine contains a pressurized flow of air between the outer duct wall and the engine core. At several locations along the length and about the circumference of the annular bypass duct, penetrations are necessary for conveying fuel, oil, control cables or compressed air bleed from the compressor to an aircraft cabin, as well as many control and monitoring penetrations for instrumentation, inspection and maintenance.
- penetrations through the bypass duct are generally accomplished by shrouding the conduits or cables in a transverse sheet metal projection that may be contoured for improved aerodynamic properties.
- the intersection between the transverse sheet metal projection and the sheet metal walls of the bypass duct are generally manufactured with a flange that is riveted or welded to the relatively thin sheet metal bypass duct walls.
- Such connections must also accommodate the difference in pressure between the pressurized flow of air through the bypass duct and the ambient air surrounding the exterior of the engine.
- the engine core and the associated inner bypass duct wall are exposed to significant heat and thermal expansion and contraction relative to the less exposed outer bypass wall. As a result, relative thermal expansion and contraction is also accommodated by the connection between the projection and the outer bypass wall or the inner bypass wall depending on the particular arrangement.
- the sealing and mechanical connection between projections through the bypass wall and the relatively thin bypass duct walls is a relatively complex arrangement requiring clearance for expansion and contraction, resilient seals and quite often involves riveting a structural support or containment flange to the relatively thin bypass duct walls surrounding the opening for the penetration.
- the invention provides a bypass duct sealing grommet, for sealing between an opening in a gas turbine engine bypass duct wall and the external surface of a projection extending through the opening.
- a bypass duct sealing grommet for sealing between an opening in a gas turbine engine bypass duct wall and the external surface of a projection extending through the opening.
- the grommet enables an oversized opening for accommodating relative thermal motion and simplifies manufacture.
- the grommet has an annular body with a central aperture adapted to seal against the external surface of the projection and two flanges defining an external slot about an exterior periphery of the body to contain and seal the bypass duct wall between the flanges.
- FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view through a typical turbofan gas turbine engine showing the general arrangement of internal components and in particular the numerous penetrations through the outer annular bypass duct.
- FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view through the bypass duct of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a detailed axial cross-sectional view through a prior art penetration through the bypass duct shown along the line 3 - 3 of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view along the line 4 - 4 of FIG. 2 showing another example of the prior art penetration through the bypass duct wall.
- FIG. 5 is a partially cut away perspective view of a penetration through the bypass duct wall with a connecting grommet in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a detailed cross-sectional view through a sealing grommet and adjoining sheet metal walls of the bypass duct and projecting penetration showing the symmetrical trapezoidal cross-sectional profile of the grommet when the bypass wall and a wall of the projection are in a perpendicular orientation.
- FIG. 7 shows the deformations of the grommet to accommodate an acute angular orientation.
- FIG. 8 shows the deformation of the grommet when relative radial motion is encountered between the bypass wall and a wall of the projection as a result of internal pressure or thermal expansion for example.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial cross-section through a turbofan gas turbine engine. It will be understood however that the invention is also applicable to any type of engine with a thin-walled air duct with a penetration(s) requiring sealing.
- Air intake into the engine passes over fan blades 1 in a fan case 2 and is then split into an outer annular flow through the bypass duct 3 and an inner flow through the low-pressure axial compressor 4 and high-pressure centrifugal compressor 5 .
- Compressed air exits the compressor 5 through a diffuser 6 and is contained within a plenum 7 that surrounds the combustor 8 .
- Fuel is supplied to the combustor 8 through fuel tubes 9 which is mixed with air from the plenum 7 when sprayed through nozzles into the combustor 8 as a fuel air mixture that is ignited.
- a portion of the compressed air within the plenum 7 is admitted into the combustor 8 through orifices in the side walls to create a cooling air curtain along the combustor walls or is used for cooling to eventually mix with the hot gases from the combustor and pass over the nozzle guide vane 10 and turbines 11 before exiting the tail of the engine as exhaust.
- FIG. 1 illustrates numerous projections and penetrations through the bypass duct 3 . Penetrations project through relatively thin sheet metal inner bypass wall 12 and sheet metal or fiber composite outer bypass wall 13 . While the accessory gear box 14 has a relatively rigid metal casing that extends through the bypass duct 3 , smaller penetrations or projections are also required such as the compressed air bleed valve 15 , penetrations for fuel supply lines 16 , lubricating oil supply line 17 and igniter 18 .
- FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view on line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1 showing five penetrating projections 19 extending between the inner bypass wall 12 and outer bypass wall 13 for internally housing various conduits and other services extending between the exterior surface of the engine and the central engine core.
- FIG. 3 shows an example axial cross-sectional detail view through a conventional prior art projection 19 having an outer flange 20 mounted to the outer bypass wall 13 with a resilient gasket 21 .
- the projection 19 includes an internal end wall 22 fixed with bolts 23 to the inner bypass wall 12 .
- the bypass duct 3 contains an annular flow of fast moving pressurized air which is sealed from the ambient external air with the gasket 21 .
- the gasket 21 accommodates radial movements and seals the duct 3 .
- the outer bypass wall 13 includes an oversized opening 24 in the thin wall 13 which is reinforced and surrounded by an angle flange 25 riveted to the outer bypass duct wall 13 .
- the angle flange 25 retains the gasket 21 and structurally reinforces the bypass duct wall 13 which is weakened as a result of the opening 24 .
- the opening 24 is oversized in order to accommodate an assembly tolerance in manufacturing and also to accommodate relative movement due to pressure differential, and thermal expansion and contraction between the projection 19 and the outer bypass duct wall 13 .
- FIG. 4 Another example of prior art projection 19 is shown in FIG. 4 which has an end wall 22 secured with bolts 23 to a receiving flange in the inner bypass duct 12 .
- bellows 26 extend between a flange 20 of the projection 19 and a mounting plate 27 that is bolted to a supporting plates and riveted to the relatively thin outer bypass duct wall 13 .
- FIG. 5 is a partially cut away perspective view of a bypass duct sealing grommet 28 that provides a simple low cost means to seal between an opening 24 in the gas turbine engine outer bypass duct wall 13 and the external surface of the projection 19 which extends through the opening 24 .
- FIG. 6 shows a detailed sectional view through the sealing grommet 28 which comprises an annular body with a central aperture having an interior peripheral surface 29 that is adapted to seal against the external surface of the projection 19 .
- a first flange 30 and a second flange 31 define an external slot 32 which extends completely about the exterior periphery of the grommet annular body and is adapted to receive and seal the relatively thin bypass duct wall 13 between the flanges 30 and 31 .
- the bypass duct wall 13 is shown as a planar member however it will be appreciated from viewing FIGS. 1 and 2 that the bypass duct wall 13 actually has a radial curvature and an axial curvature which requires that the grommet 28 has the capacity to deform while maintaining the ability to seal and resist the forces caused by pressure differential on opposing sides of the bypass duct wall 13 .
- the grommet 28 must adapt to changes in the orientation of the wall 13 relative to the projection 19 due to the complex curvature of the wall 13 while permitting a degree of relative thermal expansion and contraction and further permitting a degree of manufacturing tolerance in fitting and sealing between the wall 13 and projection 19 .
- FIG. 7 shows the manner in which the grommet 28 can be deformed to accommodate an angular orientation indicated by angle “ ⁇ ” whereas FIG. 8 illustrates distortion of the grommet 28 to accommodate radial motion of the bypass duct wall 13 relative to the projection 19 which may be caused by pressure differential or expansion and contraction for example.
- the annular body of the grommet 28 has a uniform or consistent cross-sectional profile symmetric about the slot 32 .
- the grommet 28 may be molded of silicon in an injection molding process or may be extruded as a silicon strip to create an elongate sealing strip of uniform or consistent cross-sectional profile.
- the elongate sealing strip of which the grommet 28 is formed, is produced by extrusion which is known to those skilled in the art.
- the cross-section does not vary along the length of the sealing strip or the grommet 28 when installed.
- a first end of the elongate sealing strip and a mating second end of the strip abut at a joint which may be secured with adhesives or heat resistant silicon caulking if necessary.
- the uniform, consistent molded or extruded cross-sectional profile of the grommet annular body 28 is trapezoidal with a relatively thick collar 33 about the periphery of the projection 19 connecting the first and second flanges 30 and 31 .
- the flanges 30 and 31 have a tapered profile which together with the collar 33 provides a variation in resistance to distortion or bending between the relatively flexible outer tip of the flanges 30 and 31 and the stiffer abutting interior peripheral surface 29 which seals against the projection 19 .
- the trapezoidal profile and use of the collar 33 increases the tendency of the grommet 28 to jam and interfere with relative movement between the outer bypass duct wall 13 and the projection 19 .
- Jamming or distortion creates a resilient or biasing force between the interior peripheral surface 29 and the surface of the projection 19 without the need for embedded springs in the grommet 28 .
- the seal created by the distorted grommet 28 maintains the pressure differential between opposite surfaces of the outer bypass duct wall 13 while distortion of the grommet 28 permits a degree of relative movement to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction as well as to accommodate variation in the curvature of the outer bypass duct wall 13 and its angular orientation relative to the projection 19 .
- the opening 24 which permits the passage of the projection 19 through the outer bypass wall 13 is oversized in order to permit manufacturing and assembly tolerance and to accommodate relative thermal expansion or contraction or distortion as a result of pressure differential.
- the collar 33 , flanges 30 and 31 and opening 24 in the bypass duct wall 13 define an annular clearance gap 34 therebetween.
- the clearance gap 34 permits use of an oversized hole 24 with an acceptable assembly and manufacturing tolerance and ability to accommodate relative movement between the bypass duct wall 13 and the projection 19 .
- the clearance gap 34 also permits resilient distortion of the slot 32 and adjacent flanges 30 and 31 to improve the capacity of the grommet 28 to accommodate movement and orientation of the outer bypass duct 13 relative to the projection 19 . Therefore, comparing the relatively complex arrangements required by the prior art as illustrated in FIG. 3 , in particular compared to the use of the bypass duct sealing grommet 28 as illustrated in FIG. 5 , significant savings in assembly cost and simplicity of manufacture are achieved.
Abstract
A bypass duct sealing grommet, for sealing between an opening in a gas turbine engine bypass duct wall and an external surface of a projection extending through the opening, where the grommet has an annular body with a central aperture having an internal periphery adapted to sealingly engage the external surface of the projection. A first flange and a second flange define an external slot about an exterior periphery of the body adapted to receive and seal the bypass duct wall between the flanges.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/320,411 filed Dec. 17, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,942,452 issued Sep. 13, 2005.
- The invention relates to a thin-walled duct penetration sealing grommet, particularly useful for sealing between an opening in a gas turbine engine bypass duct wall and the external surface of a projection extending through the opening to simplify manufacture by eliminating complex joint configurations, while accommodating pressure differential, and relative thermal expansion and contraction.
- The bypass duct of a turbofan gas turbine engine contains a pressurized flow of air between the outer duct wall and the engine core. At several locations along the length and about the circumference of the annular bypass duct, penetrations are necessary for conveying fuel, oil, control cables or compressed air bleed from the compressor to an aircraft cabin, as well as many control and monitoring penetrations for instrumentation, inspection and maintenance.
- In the prior art, penetrations through the bypass duct are generally accomplished by shrouding the conduits or cables in a transverse sheet metal projection that may be contoured for improved aerodynamic properties. The intersection between the transverse sheet metal projection and the sheet metal walls of the bypass duct are generally manufactured with a flange that is riveted or welded to the relatively thin sheet metal bypass duct walls. Such connections however must also accommodate the difference in pressure between the pressurized flow of air through the bypass duct and the ambient air surrounding the exterior of the engine. Further, the engine core and the associated inner bypass duct wall are exposed to significant heat and thermal expansion and contraction relative to the less exposed outer bypass wall. As a result, relative thermal expansion and contraction is also accommodated by the connection between the projection and the outer bypass wall or the inner bypass wall depending on the particular arrangement.
- As a result of the pressure differential and need to accommodate relative thermal expansion and contraction, the sealing and mechanical connection between projections through the bypass wall and the relatively thin bypass duct walls is a relatively complex arrangement requiring clearance for expansion and contraction, resilient seals and quite often involves riveting a structural support or containment flange to the relatively thin bypass duct walls surrounding the opening for the penetration.
- It is an object of the invention to provide a means to seal between the opening and the gas turbine engine bypass duct wall and the external surface of a projection extending through the opening which accommodates relative thermal expansion and contraction and pressure differential in a simple low cost manner.
- Further objects of the invention will be apparent from review of the disclosure, drawings and description of the invention below.
- The invention provides a bypass duct sealing grommet, for sealing between an opening in a gas turbine engine bypass duct wall and the external surface of a projection extending through the opening. Conventionally, the intersection between the projection and the sheet metal bypass duct requires accurate fitting and welding, but cannot then accommodate thermal expansion and contraction. The grommet enables an oversized opening for accommodating relative thermal motion and simplifies manufacture. The grommet has an annular body with a central aperture adapted to seal against the external surface of the projection and two flanges defining an external slot about an exterior periphery of the body to contain and seal the bypass duct wall between the flanges.
- In order that the invention may be readily understood, one embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view through a typical turbofan gas turbine engine showing the general arrangement of internal components and in particular the numerous penetrations through the outer annular bypass duct. -
FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view through the bypass duct ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a detailed axial cross-sectional view through a prior art penetration through the bypass duct shown along the line 3-3 ofFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view along the line 4-4 ofFIG. 2 showing another example of the prior art penetration through the bypass duct wall. -
FIG. 5 is a partially cut away perspective view of a penetration through the bypass duct wall with a connecting grommet in accordance with the invention. -
FIG. 6 is a detailed cross-sectional view through a sealing grommet and adjoining sheet metal walls of the bypass duct and projecting penetration showing the symmetrical trapezoidal cross-sectional profile of the grommet when the bypass wall and a wall of the projection are in a perpendicular orientation. -
FIG. 7 shows the deformations of the grommet to accommodate an acute angular orientation. -
FIG. 8 shows the deformation of the grommet when relative radial motion is encountered between the bypass wall and a wall of the projection as a result of internal pressure or thermal expansion for example. - Further details of the invention and its advantages will be apparent from the detailed description included below.
-
FIG. 1 shows an axial cross-section through a turbofan gas turbine engine. It will be understood however that the invention is also applicable to any type of engine with a thin-walled air duct with a penetration(s) requiring sealing. Air intake into the engine passes overfan blades 1 in afan case 2 and is then split into an outer annular flow through thebypass duct 3 and an inner flow through the low-pressureaxial compressor 4 and high-pressurecentrifugal compressor 5. Compressed air exits thecompressor 5 through adiffuser 6 and is contained within aplenum 7 that surrounds thecombustor 8. Fuel is supplied to thecombustor 8 throughfuel tubes 9 which is mixed with air from theplenum 7 when sprayed through nozzles into thecombustor 8 as a fuel air mixture that is ignited. A portion of the compressed air within theplenum 7 is admitted into thecombustor 8 through orifices in the side walls to create a cooling air curtain along the combustor walls or is used for cooling to eventually mix with the hot gases from the combustor and pass over thenozzle guide vane 10 and turbines 11 before exiting the tail of the engine as exhaust. -
FIG. 1 illustrates numerous projections and penetrations through thebypass duct 3. Penetrations project through relatively thin sheet metalinner bypass wall 12 and sheet metal or fiber compositeouter bypass wall 13. While theaccessory gear box 14 has a relatively rigid metal casing that extends through thebypass duct 3, smaller penetrations or projections are also required such as the compressed air bleedvalve 15, penetrations forfuel supply lines 16, lubricatingoil supply line 17 andigniter 18. -
FIG. 2 is a radial cross-sectional view on line 2-2 ofFIG. 1 showing fivepenetrating projections 19 extending between theinner bypass wall 12 andouter bypass wall 13 for internally housing various conduits and other services extending between the exterior surface of the engine and the central engine core. -
FIG. 3 shows an example axial cross-sectional detail view through a conventionalprior art projection 19 having anouter flange 20 mounted to theouter bypass wall 13 with aresilient gasket 21. Theprojection 19 includes aninternal end wall 22 fixed withbolts 23 to theinner bypass wall 12. It will be appreciated that thebypass duct 3 contains an annular flow of fast moving pressurized air which is sealed from the ambient external air with thegasket 21. Further the relative positions of theinner bypass wall 12 andouter bypass wall 13 vary due to relative thermal expansion and contraction, as well as flexural deflection due to air pressure differential between thebypass duct 3 and ambient external air. In the prior art therefore, thegasket 21 accommodates radial movements and seals theduct 3. Theouter bypass wall 13 includes anoversized opening 24 in thethin wall 13 which is reinforced and surrounded by anangle flange 25 riveted to the outerbypass duct wall 13. Theangle flange 25 retains thegasket 21 and structurally reinforces thebypass duct wall 13 which is weakened as a result of theopening 24. The opening 24 is oversized in order to accommodate an assembly tolerance in manufacturing and also to accommodate relative movement due to pressure differential, and thermal expansion and contraction between theprojection 19 and the outerbypass duct wall 13. - Another example of
prior art projection 19 is shown inFIG. 4 which has anend wall 22 secured withbolts 23 to a receiving flange in theinner bypass duct 12. To accommodate relative expansion and contraction between theinner bypass wall 12 andouter bypass wall 13,bellows 26 extend between aflange 20 of theprojection 19 and amounting plate 27 that is bolted to a supporting plates and riveted to the relatively thin outerbypass duct wall 13. - As is apparent from the details of
FIGS. 3 and 4 and explanation above, the need to accommodate relative thermal expansion and contraction between the innerbypass duct wall 12 and outerbypass duct wall 13, and to accommodate the pressure differential between thebypass duct 3 and outer ambient air, has resulted in relatively complex structures in the prior art that require accurate fitting, gaskets, bellows and numerous fasteners, rivets and reinforcing flanges. -
FIG. 5 is a partially cut away perspective view of a bypassduct sealing grommet 28 that provides a simple low cost means to seal between an opening 24 in the gas turbine engine outerbypass duct wall 13 and the external surface of theprojection 19 which extends through theopening 24.FIG. 6 shows a detailed sectional view through the sealinggrommet 28 which comprises an annular body with a central aperture having an interiorperipheral surface 29 that is adapted to seal against the external surface of theprojection 19. - As shown in
FIG. 6 , afirst flange 30 and asecond flange 31 define anexternal slot 32 which extends completely about the exterior periphery of the grommet annular body and is adapted to receive and seal the relatively thinbypass duct wall 13 between theflanges FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 thebypass duct wall 13 is shown as a planar member however it will be appreciated from viewingFIGS. 1 and 2 that thebypass duct wall 13 actually has a radial curvature and an axial curvature which requires that thegrommet 28 has the capacity to deform while maintaining the ability to seal and resist the forces caused by pressure differential on opposing sides of thebypass duct wall 13. Thegrommet 28 must adapt to changes in the orientation of thewall 13 relative to theprojection 19 due to the complex curvature of thewall 13 while permitting a degree of relative thermal expansion and contraction and further permitting a degree of manufacturing tolerance in fitting and sealing between thewall 13 andprojection 19. -
FIG. 7 shows the manner in which thegrommet 28 can be deformed to accommodate an angular orientation indicated by angle “α” whereasFIG. 8 illustrates distortion of thegrommet 28 to accommodate radial motion of thebypass duct wall 13 relative to theprojection 19 which may be caused by pressure differential or expansion and contraction for example. - In order to ensure that installation of the
grommet 28 is not inadvertently reversed, preferably the annular body of thegrommet 28 has a uniform or consistent cross-sectional profile symmetric about theslot 32. As a result, during installation thegrommet 28 cannot be installed upside down since the preferred cross-sectional profile is symmetric about theslot 32. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, thegrommet 28 may be molded of silicon in an injection molding process or may be extruded as a silicon strip to create an elongate sealing strip of uniform or consistent cross-sectional profile. The elongate sealing strip of which thegrommet 28 is formed, is produced by extrusion which is known to those skilled in the art. As a result the cross-section does not vary along the length of the sealing strip or thegrommet 28 when installed. During installation, a first end of the elongate sealing strip and a mating second end of the strip abut at a joint which may be secured with adhesives or heat resistant silicon caulking if necessary. - As shown in
FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, preferably, the uniform, consistent molded or extruded cross-sectional profile of the grommetannular body 28 is trapezoidal with a relativelythick collar 33 about the periphery of theprojection 19 connecting the first andsecond flanges flanges collar 33 provides a variation in resistance to distortion or bending between the relatively flexible outer tip of theflanges peripheral surface 29 which seals against theprojection 19. As seen inFIGS. 7 and 8 , the trapezoidal profile and use of thecollar 33 increases the tendency of thegrommet 28 to jam and interfere with relative movement between the outerbypass duct wall 13 and theprojection 19. Jamming or distortion creates a resilient or biasing force between the interiorperipheral surface 29 and the surface of theprojection 19 without the need for embedded springs in thegrommet 28. As a result, the seal created by the distortedgrommet 28 maintains the pressure differential between opposite surfaces of the outerbypass duct wall 13 while distortion of thegrommet 28 permits a degree of relative movement to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction as well as to accommodate variation in the curvature of the outerbypass duct wall 13 and its angular orientation relative to theprojection 19. - As in the prior art, the
opening 24 which permits the passage of theprojection 19 through theouter bypass wall 13 is oversized in order to permit manufacturing and assembly tolerance and to accommodate relative thermal expansion or contraction or distortion as a result of pressure differential. - With reference to
FIGS. 5, 6 , 7 and 8, thecollar 33,flanges opening 24 in thebypass duct wall 13 define anannular clearance gap 34 therebetween. Theclearance gap 34, as seen inFIG. 6 , permits use of anoversized hole 24 with an acceptable assembly and manufacturing tolerance and ability to accommodate relative movement between thebypass duct wall 13 and theprojection 19. - As seen in
FIGS. 7 and 8 however theclearance gap 34 also permits resilient distortion of theslot 32 andadjacent flanges grommet 28 to accommodate movement and orientation of theouter bypass duct 13 relative to theprojection 19. Therefore, comparing the relatively complex arrangements required by the prior art as illustrated inFIG. 3 , in particular compared to the use of the bypassduct sealing grommet 28 as illustrated inFIG. 5 , significant savings in assembly cost and simplicity of manufacture are achieved. - Although the above description relates to a specific preferred embodiment as presently contemplated by the inventors, it will be understood that the invention in its broad aspect includes mechanical and functional equivalents of the elements described herein.
Claims (29)
1. (canceled)
2. (canceled)
3. (canceled)
4. (canceled)
5. (canceled)
6. (canceled)
7. (canceled)
8. (canceled)
9. (canceled)
10. (canceled)
11. (canceled)
12. (canceled)
13. (canceled)
14. (canceled)
15. (canceled)
16. (canceled)
17. (canceled)
18. A turbofan engine comprising:
an annular bypass duct wall having a generally circular opening defined therein by a peripheral edge;
a projection extending generally perpendicularly through the opening, the projection having an external surface;
an annular body sealingly engaging the bypass duct wall peripheral edge along an external periphery of the body and sealingly engaging the projection external surface along an internal periphery of the body, the body resiliently connecting the bypass duct wall and the projection to provide a seal preventing air passing through the opening in response to an air pressure differential thereacross, said resilient connection adapted to permit relative movement between the bypass duct wall and the projection while maintaining said seal.
19. The turbofan engine of claim 18 , wherein said permitted relative movement is directed substantially normal to the opening.
20. The turbofan engine of claim 18 , wherein said permitted relative movement is due to a change in a relative angle between the bypass duct wall and the projection.
21. The turbofan engine of claim 18 , wherein said permitted relative movement is directed substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the bypass duct.
22. The turbofan engine of claim 18 , wherein the resilient connection by reason of its shape and composition provides a variation in resistance to said relative movement.
23. The turbofan engine of claim 18 , wherein the body comprises a flexible portion engaging the bypass duct wall and a less flexible portion engaging the projection external surface.
24. The turbofan engine of claim 23 , wherein said variation in flexibility is caused by said portion of the body engaging the projection external surface being relatively thicker than said portion engaging the bypass duct wall.
25. The turbofan engine of claim 24 , wherein the body has a thickness which transitions smoothly from said portion of the body engaging the projection external surface to said portion engaging the bypass duct wall.
26. The turbofan engine of claim 18 , wherein an inner portion of the body provides said engagement with the projection external surface, the portion adapted by its shape and composition to improve a sealing effectiveness of said engagement in response to said relative movement.
27. The turbofan engine of claim 19 , wherein an inner portion of the body provides said engagement with the projection external surface, the portion adapted by its shape and composition to improve a sealing effectiveness of said engagement in response to said relative movement.
28. The turbofan engine of claim 20 , wherein an inner portion of the body provides said engagement with the projection external surface, the portion adapted by its shape and composition to improve a sealing effectiveness of said engagement in response to said relative movement.
29. The turbofan engine of claim 18 , wherein the bypass duct wall peripheral edge is engaged between spaced-apart opposed portions of the body defining a continuous slot.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/178,282 US20060288687A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-12-08 | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/320,411 US6942452B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2002-12-17 | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
US11/178,282 US20060288687A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-12-08 | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/320,411 Continuation US6942452B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2002-12-17 | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060288687A1 true US20060288687A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
Family
ID=32506863
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/320,411 Expired - Lifetime US6942452B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2002-12-17 | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
US11/178,282 Abandoned US20060288687A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-12-08 | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/320,411 Expired - Lifetime US6942452B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2002-12-17 | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6942452B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1581723B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006509946A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2509935C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60316604T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004055333A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050178105A1 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Compressor and gas turbine engine |
US20110123319A1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-05-26 | Jonathan Jeffery Eastwood | Composite slider seal for turbojet penetration |
US20130251517A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-26 | Richard Ivakitch | Grommet for gas turbine vane |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6942452B2 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2005-09-13 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
US7434383B2 (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2008-10-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Bypass duct boss repair technology |
FR2887931B1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-08-17 | Snecma | SUPPORT AND HOUSING DEVICE FOR SERVITUDES IN A DOUBLE FLOW TURBOREACTOR |
US7578131B2 (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2009-08-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Augmentor spray bar mounting |
GB2436353B (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2008-04-23 | Rolls Royce Plc | Panel assembly including deformable seal |
US20080078162A1 (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | Guy Lefebvre | Turbine exhaust case cowling for a gas turbine engine |
US8196934B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2012-06-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Slider seal assembly for gas turbine engine |
FR2914017B1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2011-07-08 | Snecma | SEALING DEVICE FOR A COOLING CIRCUIT, INTER-TURBINE HOUSING BEING EQUIPPED AND TURBOREACTOR COMPRISING THE SAME |
US8231142B2 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2012-07-31 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Fluid conduit coupling with leakage detection |
US8360716B2 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2013-01-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Nozzle segment with reduced weight flange |
US10968689B2 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2021-04-06 | Integrity Products & Supplies Inc. | Access port seal |
US20130049309A1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-02-28 | Graham Brigham | Access port seal |
US8745819B2 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2014-06-10 | The Boeing Company | Load sustaining bushing |
US9068476B2 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-06-30 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Hybrid metal/composite link rod for turbofan gas turbine engine |
FR2988777B1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2014-04-25 | Snecma Propulsion Solide | INTEGRATION OF REAR BODY PARTS OF AERONAUTICAL MOTOR |
US9297708B1 (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2016-03-29 | The Boeing Company | Methods and systems for optical wear sensing |
US10087847B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2018-10-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Seal assembly for a static structure of a gas turbine engine |
GB201220972D0 (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-01-02 | Rolls Royce Deutschland | Aeroengine sealing arrangement |
EP2971579B1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2020-04-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Aft fairing sub-assembly for turbine exhaust case fairing |
US9822664B1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-11-21 | Calpine Corporation | Turbine exhaust cylinder baffle seal and method for installing turbine exhaust cylinder baffle seal |
FR3024179B1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-08-26 | Snecma | PRESSURIZED AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM INSTALLED IN AN AIRCRAFT TURBOMACHINE HAVING SEALING MEANS |
FR3044704B1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2020-07-03 | Safran Aircraft Engines | TURBOMACHINE HOUSING |
EP3818291A4 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2022-07-13 | Durr Universal, Inc. | Expansion and movement joints |
US11060411B2 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-07-13 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Inner shroud assembly for stator vanes |
US11448132B2 (en) | 2020-01-03 | 2022-09-20 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Aircraft bypass duct heat exchanger |
US11525637B2 (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2022-12-13 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Aircraft heat exchanger finned plate manufacture |
US11674758B2 (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2023-06-13 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Aircraft heat exchangers and plates |
US11585273B2 (en) | 2020-01-20 | 2023-02-21 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Aircraft heat exchangers |
US11585605B2 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2023-02-21 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Aircraft heat exchanger panel attachment |
US20230407766A1 (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-12-21 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Joint between gas turbine engine components with a spring element |
Citations (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1697814A (en) * | 1925-12-12 | 1929-01-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Grommet |
US2039009A (en) * | 1935-02-01 | 1936-04-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Grommet or the like |
US2421456A (en) * | 1945-01-13 | 1947-06-03 | Whitney Blake Co | Anchor for plural electric conductors |
US2517717A (en) * | 1945-11-03 | 1950-08-08 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Cable seal |
US2586528A (en) * | 1946-05-06 | 1952-02-19 | Nat Formetal Company | Bushing |
US2762117A (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1956-09-11 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of forming an interlocking bushing |
US2762118A (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1956-09-11 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of forming an interlocking bushing |
US2933983A (en) * | 1958-03-20 | 1960-04-26 | Sturm Ruger & Co | Semi-automatic pistol |
US3109662A (en) * | 1961-03-02 | 1963-11-05 | Carl V Bergstrom | Flexible sealing grommet |
US3572733A (en) * | 1969-01-02 | 1971-03-30 | Gen Electric | Shaft seal used in gas turbine engines |
US3819118A (en) * | 1970-09-09 | 1974-06-25 | A Brock | Drip irrigation |
US4183207A (en) * | 1978-03-07 | 1980-01-15 | Avco Corporation | Oil-conducting strut for turbine engines |
US4282627A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1981-08-11 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Large clearance fairlead grommet |
US4300773A (en) * | 1978-03-08 | 1981-11-17 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Sealing device |
US4331338A (en) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-05-25 | The Boeing Company | Duct seal assembly |
US4640479A (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1987-02-03 | All States Inc. | Strain relief grommet |
US4706999A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-11-17 | Hynes Maurice A | Flexible, resilient saddle for swingjoint |
US5071142A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-12-10 | Leber Corporation | Bi-directional substantially zero leakage path sealing assembly |
US5104286A (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1992-04-14 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Recirculation seal for a gas turbine exhaust diffuser |
US5609467A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-03-11 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Floating interturbine duct assembly for high temperature power turbine |
US5639993A (en) * | 1994-07-19 | 1997-06-17 | Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd. | Grommet |
US5692858A (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 1997-12-02 | Vaughan; Donald R. | Apparatus for soil irrigation |
US5836048A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1998-11-17 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Universal fire barrier grommet |
US6119305A (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 2000-09-19 | Ta Mfg Co. | Sealing elements |
US6185885B1 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2001-02-13 | Ken Thaler | Roof flashing assembly |
US6325595B1 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-12-04 | General Electric Company | High recovery multi-use bleed |
US6942452B2 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2005-09-13 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB554167A (en) | 1941-12-19 | 1943-06-23 | Bristol Aeroplane Co Ltd | An improved support for tubes, cables and the like |
GB783970A (en) | 1954-09-17 | 1957-10-02 | Napier & Son Ltd | Gaseous fluid turbines |
GB846329A (en) * | 1957-12-12 | 1960-08-31 | Napier & Son Ltd | Combustion turbine power units |
DE2932088A1 (en) | 1979-08-08 | 1981-02-26 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | METHOD FOR TREATING A RING OR TUBULAR ELASTIC HOLDING ELEMENT FOR FIXING PIPELINES AND THE LIKE. MACHINE PARTS IN DEVICES, MACHINES OR THE LIKE, IN PARTICULAR AIRPLANES |
US5071143A (en) | 1989-07-06 | 1991-12-10 | Ta Mfg. Co. | Sealing arrangement for bulkhead |
-
2002
- 2002-12-17 US US10/320,411 patent/US6942452B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-11-18 JP JP2004559515A patent/JP2006509946A/en active Pending
- 2003-11-18 EP EP03775023A patent/EP1581723B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-18 WO PCT/CA2003/001770 patent/WO2004055333A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-11-18 CA CA2509935A patent/CA2509935C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-18 DE DE60316604T patent/DE60316604T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-12-08 US US11/178,282 patent/US20060288687A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1697814A (en) * | 1925-12-12 | 1929-01-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Grommet |
US2039009A (en) * | 1935-02-01 | 1936-04-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Grommet or the like |
US2421456A (en) * | 1945-01-13 | 1947-06-03 | Whitney Blake Co | Anchor for plural electric conductors |
US2517717A (en) * | 1945-11-03 | 1950-08-08 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Cable seal |
US2586528A (en) * | 1946-05-06 | 1952-02-19 | Nat Formetal Company | Bushing |
US2762118A (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1956-09-11 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of forming an interlocking bushing |
US2762117A (en) * | 1953-07-13 | 1956-09-11 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of forming an interlocking bushing |
US2933983A (en) * | 1958-03-20 | 1960-04-26 | Sturm Ruger & Co | Semi-automatic pistol |
US3109662A (en) * | 1961-03-02 | 1963-11-05 | Carl V Bergstrom | Flexible sealing grommet |
US3572733A (en) * | 1969-01-02 | 1971-03-30 | Gen Electric | Shaft seal used in gas turbine engines |
US3819118A (en) * | 1970-09-09 | 1974-06-25 | A Brock | Drip irrigation |
US4183207A (en) * | 1978-03-07 | 1980-01-15 | Avco Corporation | Oil-conducting strut for turbine engines |
US4300773A (en) * | 1978-03-08 | 1981-11-17 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Sealing device |
US4282627A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1981-08-11 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Large clearance fairlead grommet |
US4331338A (en) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-05-25 | The Boeing Company | Duct seal assembly |
US4640479A (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1987-02-03 | All States Inc. | Strain relief grommet |
US4706999A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-11-17 | Hynes Maurice A | Flexible, resilient saddle for swingjoint |
US5071142A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-12-10 | Leber Corporation | Bi-directional substantially zero leakage path sealing assembly |
US5104286A (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1992-04-14 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Recirculation seal for a gas turbine exhaust diffuser |
US5639993A (en) * | 1994-07-19 | 1997-06-17 | Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd. | Grommet |
US5609467A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-03-11 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Floating interturbine duct assembly for high temperature power turbine |
US5692858A (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 1997-12-02 | Vaughan; Donald R. | Apparatus for soil irrigation |
US5836048A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1998-11-17 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Universal fire barrier grommet |
US6119305A (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 2000-09-19 | Ta Mfg Co. | Sealing elements |
US6185885B1 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2001-02-13 | Ken Thaler | Roof flashing assembly |
US6325595B1 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-12-04 | General Electric Company | High recovery multi-use bleed |
US6942452B2 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2005-09-13 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Grommeted bypass duct penetration |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050178105A1 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Compressor and gas turbine engine |
US7437877B2 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2008-10-21 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Compressor having low-pressure and high-pressure compressor operating at optimum ratio between pressure ratios thereof and gas turbine engine adopting the same |
US20110123319A1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-05-26 | Jonathan Jeffery Eastwood | Composite slider seal for turbojet penetration |
US8523514B2 (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2013-09-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Composite slider seal for turbojet penetration |
US20130251517A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-26 | Richard Ivakitch | Grommet for gas turbine vane |
US9109448B2 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2015-08-18 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Grommet for gas turbine vane |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60316604D1 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
US6942452B2 (en) | 2005-09-13 |
EP1581723B1 (en) | 2007-09-26 |
WO2004055333A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
US20040111829A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
CA2509935C (en) | 2012-02-07 |
DE60316604T2 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
CA2509935A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
JP2006509946A (en) | 2006-03-23 |
EP1581723A1 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6942452B2 (en) | Grommeted bypass duct penetration | |
US7000406B2 (en) | Gas turbine combustor sliding joint | |
US6347508B1 (en) | Combustor liner support and seal assembly | |
EP2430297B1 (en) | Turbine engine with a structural attachment system for transition duct outlet | |
US7900461B2 (en) | Combustor liner support and seal assembly | |
US6675584B1 (en) | Coated seal article used in turbine engines | |
US7017350B2 (en) | Combustion chamber having a flexible connection between a chamber end wall and a chamber side wall | |
EP3045783B1 (en) | Sliding seal | |
US10648408B2 (en) | Aircraft fire seal structure and aircraft | |
US6916154B2 (en) | Diametrically energized piston ring | |
US20040031271A1 (en) | Convoluted seal with enhanced wear capability | |
US9482107B2 (en) | Gas turbine nozzle arrangement and gas turbine | |
US20060082074A1 (en) | Circumferential feather seal | |
US20190170007A1 (en) | Sliding seal | |
EP3012494B1 (en) | Sliding seal | |
US20160169245A1 (en) | High Compressor Exit Guide Vane Assembly to Pre-Diffuser Junction | |
RU2726139C1 (en) | Combustion chamber of gas turbine and transition compartment assembly | |
EP3211312A1 (en) | Combustor assembly | |
US7093448B2 (en) | Multi-action on multi-surface seal with turbine scroll retention method in gas turbine engine | |
US10167730B2 (en) | Sliding seal | |
US20210003038A1 (en) | Duct assembly for a gas turbine engine | |
US11913357B2 (en) | Seal interface between a transition duct and a stage one vane structure | |
EP3712381B1 (en) | Inner shroud assembly for stator vanes | |
US20230340926A1 (en) | Sealing assembly for a turbine ejection cone |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PRATT & WHITNEY CANADA CORP., CANADA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BRUNO, VITTORIO;HADI, GOLI;OLVER, BRYAN;REEL/FRAME:017599/0269;SIGNING DATES FROM 20021212 TO 20051212 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |