US20060277820A1 - Synergistic deposit control additive composition for gasoline fuel and process thereof - Google Patents

Synergistic deposit control additive composition for gasoline fuel and process thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20060277820A1
US20060277820A1 US11/244,883 US24488305A US2006277820A1 US 20060277820 A1 US20060277820 A1 US 20060277820A1 US 24488305 A US24488305 A US 24488305A US 2006277820 A1 US2006277820 A1 US 2006277820A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
control additive
deposit control
fuel
composition
gasoline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/244,883
Inventor
Suresh Puri
Anurag Gupta
Haren Dekka
Mahalingam Vanmamalai
Vipin Bansal
Ravinder Malhotra
Niranjan Raje
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Indian Oil Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Indian Oil Corp Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Indian Oil Corp Ltd filed Critical Indian Oil Corp Ltd
Assigned to INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD. reassignment INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BANSAL, VIPIN K., DEKKA, HAREN C., GUPTA, ANURAG A., MALHOTRA, RAVINDER K., PURI, SURESH K., RAJE, NIRANJAN R., VANMAMALAI, MAHALINGAM
Publication of US20060277820A1 publication Critical patent/US20060277820A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/18Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1608Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1616Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C10L1/1905Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1985Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/221Organic compounds containing nitrogen compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C10L1/2225(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/232Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/2383Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a deposit control additive composition
  • a deposit control additive composition comprising Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having an average molecular weight of from about 700 to 1000 and a Mannich Base as synergistic components of the deposit control additive formulation.
  • the application further relates to a deposit control additive formulation comprising a deposit control additive composition, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent, blended with a gasoline fuel to obtain the fuel composition and the process of preparation thereof.
  • PIBA Polyisobutylene amine
  • Deposits in the fuel delivery system and the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine can adversely affect the combustion performance in terms of power output and emissions. As a result, development of effective fuel additives to prevent and/or reduce deposits is highly desirable.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,179,885 discloses a composition, comprising: (I) an aromatic Mannich compound derived from: (A) a hydroxy containing aromatic compound; (B) an aldehyde or ketone and (C) a mixture of water and an amine containing at least one primary or secondary amino group; and (II) an alcohol.
  • Mannich condensation reactions usually produce high molecular weight products by linear growth due to the use of mono-substituted phenols and amine groups. Excess aldehyde may also react with the amine groups to form imines or hydroxymethylamines. Accordingly, the properties of such polymeric compositions have principally been utilized in heavier fuels such as heating and furnace oils (as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,962,442) and lubricating oils (as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,036,003 and 3,539,633). None of these compositions have been used in a sensitive carburetion system such as a gasoline-powered spark-ignition internal combustion system.
  • Mannich condensation products often have been employed as stabilizers, antioxidants, dispersants, or detergents in heavy hydrocarbon stocks. Uses in lighter hydrocarbon stocks, such as gasoline, have been disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,269,810 and 3,649,229.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,235,484 (Now U.S. Pat. No. Re. 26,330) discloses the addition of certain compositions to refinery hydrocarbon fuel stocks for the purpose of inhibiting accumulation of carbonaceous deposits in refinery cracking units.
  • the primary inhibitors disclosed are mixtures of amides, imides and amine salts formed by reacting an ethylene polyamine with hydrocarbon substituted succinic acids or anhydride where the hydrocarbon substituent has at least about 50 carbon atoms.
  • Mannich condensation products can be formed by reacting (1) alkyl-phenol, (2) an amine and (3) formaldehyde in the ratio of one mole alkyl-phenol and from 0.1-10 mole each of formaldehyde and amine reactant.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,368,972 discloses a process for preparing high molecular weight Mannich condensation products as dispersant-detergent additives for lubricating oil from (1) high molecular weight alkyl-substituted hydroxyl-aromatic compounds whose alkyl-substituent has a molecular weight in the range of 600-3000, (2) a compound containing at least one NH group and (3) an aldehyde in the respective molar ratio of 1.0:0.1-10:1.0-10.
  • the resulting concentrated oil solution of the condensation products either has or develops haziness during storage.
  • the haziness is believed to be caused by un-dissolved or borderline (sparingly) soluble by-products that are not substantially incapable of being removed by filtration.
  • crankcase lubricant oils When used in a gasoline engines, crankcase lubricant oils are subject to high temperature during service, piston ring groove carbonaceous deposits and skirt varnish tend to build up rapidly to prevent desirable long in-service use of such lubricant oils.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,038,044 discloses a combination of diamine and higher polyamine Mannich condensation products as carburetor detergents to control intake valve deposits and quick-heat intake manifold deposits.
  • Mannich bases have been used in isolation or in combination with diamine to reduce deposits on carburetor surfaces. As disclosed in the present application, a surprising result has been achieved by using a Mannich base and Polyisobutylene amine as synergistic components of a deposit control additive formulation to drastically reduce deposits on carburetor surfaces and keep port fuel injectors and intake valves clean in gasoline fueled spark ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the present application relates to a deposit control additive composition
  • a deposit control additive composition comprising Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having average molecular weight of about 800 and a Mannich base as synergistic components of the formulation.
  • PIBA Polyisobutylene amine
  • This application also relates to a fuel composition comprising a deposit control additive formulation and gasoline fuel.
  • the application further relates to a process for the preparation of a fuel composition by blending at an ambient temperature a gasoline fuel and a deposit control additive formulation obtained by blending the Mannich base, Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent at a temperature ranging between 50° C. to 60° C. for a time period of up to 2 hours.
  • PIBA Polyisobutylene amine
  • This deposit control additive formulation is highly miscible with gasoline fuel at room temperature and can be mixed with fuel in storage tanks, road tanks, railway tanks, and etc.
  • a deposit control additive composition (“the composition”) is provided for a gasoline fuel to control and reduce deposits on carburetor surfaces and keep port fuel injectors and intake valves clean in gasoline fueled spark ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the composition comprises a Mannich base and Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having average molecular weight of about 800 as a synergistic component of the deposit control additive formulation.
  • PIBA Polyisobutylene amine
  • a deposit control additive formulation comprising a deposit control additive composition, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent.
  • a fuel composition comprising a gasoline fuel and a deposit control additive formulation.
  • an easy and economical process for the preparation of fuel composition by blending deposit control additive formulation and gasoline fuel is provided.
  • the present application provides a deposit control additive formulation including:
  • the deposit control additive composition further comprises fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent to provide the deposit control additive formulation.
  • Another embodiment provides a fuel composition having gasoline fuels, such as octane 88, octane 91, octane 95, and octane 96 and like fuels.
  • gasoline fuels such as octane 88, octane 91, octane 95, and octane 96 and like fuels.
  • a gasoline fuel used in the fuel composition may further include alcohol for up to 10% by weight of the fuel.
  • Yet another embodiment includes a deposit control additive composition containing PIBA and a Mannich base in the ratio of about 1:0.2 by weight.
  • the Mannich base can be derived from the reaction of a hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) or para substituted alkyl-phenol with an aldehyde and an amine having at least one reactive hydrogen atom.
  • CNSL Cashew Nut Shell Liquid
  • One suitable para substituted alkyl-phenol can be para-nonyl phenol; one suitable aldehyde can be para-formaldehyde; and one suitable amine can be dibutylamine.
  • Still another embodiment provides a fuel composition having a concentration of a deposit control additive formulation ranging from 100 to 1000 mg/liter.
  • the fuel composition has excellent performance in an intake deposit testing, a PFI testing, a corrosion testing as per ASTM D 665A carried out at room temperature, an ASTM D 1094 Testing of water reaction. Also, the fuel composition meets the IS 2796:2000 specification of Indian gasoline fuel.
  • Mannich bases which can be derived from reacting hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) or para-alkyl-phenols with aldehyde and an amine, to gasoline fuels with other compositions including a detergent Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), fluidizer Oil, a dehazer a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent.
  • CNSL Cashew Nut Shell Liquid
  • PIBA detergent Polyisobutylene amine
  • fluidizer Oil a dehazer
  • a corrosion inhibitor a solvent
  • the present application establishes that when a Mannich base (dispersant), combining with a detergent such as Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), fluidizer Oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent, is incorporated into a gasoline fuel, deposit control characteristics relating to port fuel injectors and intake valve cleanliness can be improved drastically.
  • a Mannich base dispersant
  • PIBA Polyisobutylene amine
  • IVD intake valve deposits
  • PIBA Polyisobutylene amine
  • the intake valve deposits are found to be about 40 mg per valve when a gasoline fuel having 250 mg/liter of PIBA is used in a Mercedes Benz M111 engine test carried out as per CECF20A98.
  • the IVD deposits are found to be more than 100 mg and cannot be reduced to the desired level of less than 50 mg.
  • PIBA Polyisobutylene amine
  • the Mannich base can be derived from hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CSNL) or from commercially available para-substituted phenols.
  • the alkyl-phenol used in the preparation of the Mannich base can be para-nonyl phenol, para-dodecyl phenol, or hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (popularly known as CNSL).
  • CNSL on distillation, gives the pale and yellow phenolic derivatives, which can be mixtures of biodegradable unsaturated m-alkyl-phenols, including cardanol. Catalytic hydrogenation of these phenols gives a white waxy material predominantly rich in tetrahydroanacardol, which is also known as hydrogenated CNSL.
  • Mannich condensation products can be prepared by the reaction of para-nonyl phenol, para-dodecyl phenol, or the hydrogenated CNSL (hydrogenation of cashew nut shell liquid can be carried out in an autoclave using conventional method of catalytic hydrogenation), an amine having at least one reactive hydrogen atom, and an aldehyde in the molar ratio of 1:0.1 to 10:0.1 to 10 at a temperature ranging from 70° C. -175° C. for 6 to 12 hours in the presence of a protic organic solvent.
  • the process for the preparation of a Mannich base from hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CSNL) is reported by the Applicant in U.S. Pat. No 6,797,021, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • Polyisobutylene amine can have an average molecular weight of about 700 to 1000. In one embodiment, the PIBA has an average molecular weight of 800. Characteristics Limits Density at 20° C. 0.842 min. Flash point (PMCC) >60° C. Boiling Point >190° C. Solvents % weight 35 max. Solubility in Water Insoluble
  • the fluidizer oil can be an aromatic solvent, such as toluene, xylenes and aromatic streams of refineries.
  • the dehazer can be a de-emulsifier without ash having a mixture of polymers and copolymers designed to reduce the interaction of gasoline with water and to improve the water tolerance characteristics of treated gasoline.
  • the typical properties are as follows: Characteristics Limits Density at 20° C. 0.96 min. Flash point (PMCC) >62° C. Boiling Point >160° C. Solubility in Water Dispersible
  • the corrosion inhibitors (“Cl”) can include esters of succinic acid, imidazolines and alkyl benzotriazoles.
  • corrosion inhibitors can be those derived from esterification of succinic acid.
  • These partial esters of succinic acid can have the following characteristics: Characteristics Limits Density at 20° C. 0.970-1.00 Total Acid Number (TAN) 160-185 Kinematic Viscosity at 100° C. 26-40
  • the amount of the Mannich base combined with PIBA should be enough to provide the desired reduction in deposits by establishing a synergistic effect with PIBA.
  • This concentration can be conveniently expressed in terms of percent by weight of the Mannich base based on the total weight of the additive formulation.
  • the concentration of the Mannich base can be from about 10 to about 50 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the range can be from about 10 to about 20 percent by weight.
  • the concentration of Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) in the deposit control additive formulations should also be enough to control the deposits on intake valves.
  • This concentration can be conveniently expressed in terms of percent by weight of PIBA based on the total weight of the deposit control additive formulation. In one embodiment, the concentration can be from about 40 to about 90 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the range can be from about 60 to about 80 percent by weight.
  • a deposit control additive formulations for a gasoline fuel in the present application can be prepared by blending the deposit control additive composition with additional components such as fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent in a suitable container.
  • a dehazer can be added for fast separation of water from the fuel during transportation and storage.
  • the dehazer helps to prevent premature blocking of fuel filters, corrosion, carburetor icing and possible fuel line freezing when excessive water is carried into the fuel delivery system.
  • the dehazer can be highly surface-active chemicals having limited solubility in water and/or fuel and tend to concentrate at the fuel-water interface. Therefore, the dehazer can be added at a very low concentration.
  • the concentration can be from about 1 to about 5 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the concentration can be from about 1 to about 3 percent by weight.
  • inhibitors can be added in relatively low concentrations.
  • the concentration can be from about 1 to about 5 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the concentration can be from about 1 to about 3 percent by weight.
  • a homogeneous blend of the foregoing active components can be achieved by merely blending the Mannich base with PIBA, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent in a determined proportion at 40-50° C. for 2 hours.
  • the deposit control additive formulation can be mixed with the gasoline fuel in storage tanks, road tanks, or railway tanks in a concentration sufficient to reduce the deposit forming tendencies of the fuel. This can be normally carried out at an ambient temperature.
  • PIBA detergent
  • Mannich BASE dispersant
  • fluidizer oil dehazer
  • corrosion inhibitor solvent
  • suitable container 50-60° C. with continuous stirring for 2 hours. Details are enumerated as follows:
  • Formulation-1 a combination of PIBA, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:28:1:1 was prepared without the addition of a Mannich base.
  • Formulation-2 a combination of a Mannich base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:28:1:1 was prepared without the addition of PIBA.
  • Formulation-3 a combination of PIBA, CSNL based Mannich Base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:15:13:1:1 was prepared.
  • the Mannich base was added to establish the synergistic effect of the Mannich base with PIBA in the intake valve deposit engine test.
  • Formulation-4 a combination of PIBA, Nonyl phenol based Mannich Base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:15:13:1:1 was prepared.
  • the Mannich base was added to establish the synergistic effect of Mannich base with PIBA in the intake valve deposit engine test.
  • Formulation-5 A combination of PIBA, dodecyl phenol based Mannich Base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:15:13:1:1 was prepared.
  • the Mannich base was added to establish the synergistic effect of the Mannich base with PIBA in the intake valve deposit engine test.

Abstract

The present application relates to deposit control additive composition comprising of Mannich base and Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having average molecular weight of 800 as a synergistic component of deposit control additive formulation. The application also relates to deposit control additive composition comprising further components such as fluidizer oil, dehazer, corrosion inhibitor and solvent to obtain deposit control additive formulation and mixed with gasoline fuel to obtain fuel composition. The application further relates to a process for the preparation of fuel composition by blending at an ambient temperature gasoline fuel and deposit control additive composition obtained by blending in a suitable container Mannich base, Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), fluidizer oil, dehazer, corrosion inhibitor and solvent at a temperature ranging between 50° C. to 60° C. for a time period of up to 2 hours.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
  • This application claims priority to Indian Patent Application No. 1522/DEL/2005 filed on June 13, 2005, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • FIELD OF INVENTION
  • The present application relates to a deposit control additive composition comprising Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having an average molecular weight of from about 700 to 1000 and a Mannich Base as synergistic components of the deposit control additive formulation. The application further relates to a deposit control additive formulation comprising a deposit control additive composition, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent, blended with a gasoline fuel to obtain the fuel composition and the process of preparation thereof.
  • BACKGROUND
  • Deposits in the fuel delivery system and the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine can adversely affect the combustion performance in terms of power output and emissions. As a result, development of effective fuel additives to prevent and/or reduce deposits is highly desirable.
  • Canadian Patent No. 2,089,833; U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,697,988; 5,873,917 and 5,876,468 involve Mannich detergents generally prepared by reaction of alkyl-phenols with aldehyde, amines, and polyether fluidizers for reduction of deposits in the combustion chambers and/or fuel delivery system of an engine.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,179,885 discloses a composition, comprising: (I) an aromatic Mannich compound derived from: (A) a hydroxy containing aromatic compound; (B) an aldehyde or ketone and (C) a mixture of water and an amine containing at least one primary or secondary amino group; and (II) an alcohol.
  • Mannich condensation reactions usually produce high molecular weight products by linear growth due to the use of mono-substituted phenols and amine groups. Excess aldehyde may also react with the amine groups to form imines or hydroxymethylamines. Accordingly, the properties of such polymeric compositions have principally been utilized in heavier fuels such as heating and furnace oils (as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,962,442) and lubricating oils (as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,036,003 and 3,539,633). None of these compositions have been used in a sensitive carburetion system such as a gasoline-powered spark-ignition internal combustion system.
  • Mannich condensation products often have been employed as stabilizers, antioxidants, dispersants, or detergents in heavy hydrocarbon stocks. Uses in lighter hydrocarbon stocks, such as gasoline, have been disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,269,810 and 3,649,229.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,235,484 (Now U.S. Pat. No. Re. 26,330) discloses the addition of certain compositions to refinery hydrocarbon fuel stocks for the purpose of inhibiting accumulation of carbonaceous deposits in refinery cracking units. The primary inhibitors disclosed are mixtures of amides, imides and amine salts formed by reacting an ethylene polyamine with hydrocarbon substituted succinic acids or anhydride where the hydrocarbon substituent has at least about 50 carbon atoms. As an adjunct for such primary carbonaceous deposit inhibitors, the patent also discloses that Mannich condensation products can be formed by reacting (1) alkyl-phenol, (2) an amine and (3) formaldehyde in the ratio of one mole alkyl-phenol and from 0.1-10 mole each of formaldehyde and amine reactant.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,368,972 discloses a process for preparing high molecular weight Mannich condensation products as dispersant-detergent additives for lubricating oil from (1) high molecular weight alkyl-substituted hydroxyl-aromatic compounds whose alkyl-substituent has a molecular weight in the range of 600-3000, (2) a compound containing at least one NH group and (3) an aldehyde in the respective molar ratio of 1.0:0.1-10:1.0-10.
  • The high molecular weight Mannich condensation products referred to in U.S. Pat. No. 3,235,484 and 3,368,972 have a drawback in large-scale preparation and in extended service use as lubricant addition agents under high temperature conditions encountered in gasoline engines.
  • In the large-scale or plant preparation of such high molecular weight condensation products in light mineral oil solvents, the resulting concentrated oil solution of the condensation products either has or develops haziness during storage. The haziness is believed to be caused by un-dissolved or borderline (sparingly) soluble by-products that are not substantially incapable of being removed by filtration.
  • When used in a gasoline engines, crankcase lubricant oils are subject to high temperature during service, piston ring groove carbonaceous deposits and skirt varnish tend to build up rapidly to prevent desirable long in-service use of such lubricant oils. U.S. Pat. No. 4,038,044 discloses a combination of diamine and higher polyamine Mannich condensation products as carburetor detergents to control intake valve deposits and quick-heat intake manifold deposits.
  • A process for preparation of novel Mannich Bases from hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) for use as an additive in liquid hydrocarbon fuels for removing and protecting build up of deposits on carburetor surfaces and intake valve systems in a gasoline powered engine is reported by the Applicant in U.S. Pat. No. 6,797,021.
  • The disclosures of all referenced patents and patent applications referred to herein are also incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • Mannich bases have been used in isolation or in combination with diamine to reduce deposits on carburetor surfaces. As disclosed in the present application, a surprising result has been achieved by using a Mannich base and Polyisobutylene amine as synergistic components of a deposit control additive formulation to drastically reduce deposits on carburetor surfaces and keep port fuel injectors and intake valves clean in gasoline fueled spark ignition internal combustion engines.
  • Specifically, the present application relates to a deposit control additive composition comprising Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having average molecular weight of about 800 and a Mannich base as synergistic components of the formulation. This application also relates to a fuel composition comprising a deposit control additive formulation and gasoline fuel. The application further relates to a process for the preparation of a fuel composition by blending at an ambient temperature a gasoline fuel and a deposit control additive formulation obtained by blending the Mannich base, Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent at a temperature ranging between 50° C. to 60° C. for a time period of up to 2 hours.
  • This deposit control additive formulation is highly miscible with gasoline fuel at room temperature and can be mixed with fuel in storage tanks, road tanks, railway tanks, and etc.
  • In various combinations, a deposit control additive composition (“the composition”) is provided for a gasoline fuel to control and reduce deposits on carburetor surfaces and keep port fuel injectors and intake valves clean in gasoline fueled spark ignition internal combustion engines.
  • In various embodiments, the composition comprises a Mannich base and Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having average molecular weight of about 800 as a synergistic component of the deposit control additive formulation.
  • In various embodiments, a deposit control additive formulation is provided comprising a deposit control additive composition, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent.
  • In various embodiments, a fuel composition is provided comprising a gasoline fuel and a deposit control additive formulation.
  • In various embodiments, an easy and economical process for the preparation of fuel composition by blending deposit control additive formulation and gasoline fuel is provided.
  • The present application provides a deposit control additive formulation including:
    • a) a Mannich base; and
    • b) Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having average molecular weight ranging from about 700 to 1000.
  • The deposit control additive composition further comprises fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent to provide the deposit control additive formulation.
  • One embodiment provides a fuel composition includes:
    • a) a gasoline fuel ranging from about 99.99 to 99.90 % weight, and
    • b) a deposit control additive formulation ranging from about 0.01 to 0.1 % weight.
  • Another embodiment provides a fuel composition having gasoline fuels, such as octane 88, octane 91, octane 95, and octane 96 and like fuels.
  • A gasoline fuel used in the fuel composition may further include alcohol for up to 10% by weight of the fuel.
  • Yet another embodiment includes a deposit control additive composition containing PIBA and a Mannich base in the ratio of about 1:0.2 by weight.
  • The Mannich base can be derived from the reaction of a hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) or para substituted alkyl-phenol with an aldehyde and an amine having at least one reactive hydrogen atom.
  • One suitable para substituted alkyl-phenol can be para-nonyl phenol; one suitable aldehyde can be para-formaldehyde; and one suitable amine can be dibutylamine.
  • Still another embodiment provides a fuel composition having a concentration of a deposit control additive formulation ranging from 100 to 1000 mg/liter. The fuel composition has excellent performance in an intake deposit testing, a PFI testing, a corrosion testing as per ASTM D 665A carried out at room temperature, an ASTM D 1094 Testing of water reaction. Also, the fuel composition meets the IS 2796:2000 specification of Indian gasoline fuel.
  • Further embodiment provides a process for the preparation of a fuel composition including the following steps:
    • a) obtaining a deposit control additive formulation by blending a Mannich base, Polyisobutylene amine, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent in a suitable container at a temperature ranging between 50° C. to 60° C. for a time period of up to 2 hours, and
    • b) blending at an ambient temperature the deposit control additive formulation prepared in step (a) with a gasoline fuel to obtain the fuel composition.
  • The present application provides the addition of Mannich bases, which can be derived from reacting hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) or para-alkyl-phenols with aldehyde and an amine, to gasoline fuels with other compositions including a detergent Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), fluidizer Oil, a dehazer a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent.
  • The present application establishes that when a Mannich base (dispersant), combining with a detergent such as Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), fluidizer Oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent, is incorporated into a gasoline fuel, deposit control characteristics relating to port fuel injectors and intake valve cleanliness can be improved drastically.
  • If Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) is used alone, the intake valve deposits (“IVD”) are found to be about 40 mg per valve when a gasoline fuel having 250 mg/liter of PIBA is used in a Mercedes Benz M111 engine test carried out as per CECF20A98. At the same dosages level or at higher levels of Mannich Base alone, the IVD deposits are found to be more than 100 mg and cannot be reduced to the desired level of less than 50 mg. However, a combination of a Mannich base and Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) doped in the reference gasoline at 250 mg/liter, IVD can be drastically reduced to about 7 mg per valve. The result clearly shows the synergistic effect of the deposit control additive composition used in the gasoline fuel.
  • A successful attempt has been made to develop a deposit control additive composition having a Mannich base and PIBA for a gasoline fuel. The Mannich base can be derived from hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CSNL) or from commercially available para-substituted phenols.
  • The alkyl-phenol used in the preparation of the Mannich base can be para-nonyl phenol, para-dodecyl phenol, or hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (popularly known as CNSL). CNSL, on distillation, gives the pale and yellow phenolic derivatives, which can be mixtures of biodegradable unsaturated m-alkyl-phenols, including cardanol. Catalytic hydrogenation of these phenols gives a white waxy material predominantly rich in tetrahydroanacardol, which is also known as hydrogenated CNSL. Mannich condensation products can be prepared by the reaction of para-nonyl phenol, para-dodecyl phenol, or the hydrogenated CNSL (hydrogenation of cashew nut shell liquid can be carried out in an autoclave using conventional method of catalytic hydrogenation), an amine having at least one reactive hydrogen atom, and an aldehyde in the molar ratio of 1:0.1 to 10:0.1 to 10 at a temperature ranging from 70° C. -175° C. for 6 to 12 hours in the presence of a protic organic solvent. The process for the preparation of a Mannich base from hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CSNL) is reported by the Applicant in U.S. Pat. No 6,797,021, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) can have an average molecular weight of about 700 to 1000. In one embodiment, the PIBA has an average molecular weight of 800.
    Characteristics Limits
    Density at 20° C. 0.842 min.
    Flash point (PMCC)  >60° C.
    Boiling Point >190° C.
    Solvents % weight 35 max.
    Solubility in Water Insoluble
  • The fluidizer oil can be an aromatic solvent, such as toluene, xylenes and aromatic streams of refineries.
  • The dehazer can be a de-emulsifier without ash having a mixture of polymers and copolymers designed to reduce the interaction of gasoline with water and to improve the water tolerance characteristics of treated gasoline. The typical properties are as follows:
    Characteristics Limits
    Density at 20° C. 0.96 min.
    Flash point (PMCC)  >62° C.
    Boiling Point >160° C.
    Solubility in Water Dispersible
  • The corrosion inhibitors (“Cl”) can include esters of succinic acid, imidazolines and alkyl benzotriazoles. In one embodiment, corrosion inhibitors can be those derived from esterification of succinic acid. These partial esters of succinic acid can have the following characteristics:
    Characteristics Limits
    Density at 20° C. 0.970-1.00 
    Total Acid Number (TAN) 160-185
    Kinematic Viscosity at 100° C. 26-40
  • The amount of the Mannich base combined with PIBA should be enough to provide the desired reduction in deposits by establishing a synergistic effect with PIBA. This concentration can be conveniently expressed in terms of percent by weight of the Mannich base based on the total weight of the additive formulation. In one embodiment, the concentration of the Mannich base can be from about 10 to about 50 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the range can be from about 10 to about 20 percent by weight.
  • The concentration of Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) in the deposit control additive formulations should also be enough to control the deposits on intake valves. This concentration can be conveniently expressed in terms of percent by weight of PIBA based on the total weight of the deposit control additive formulation. In one embodiment, the concentration can be from about 40 to about 90 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the range can be from about 60 to about 80 percent by weight.
  • A deposit control additive formulations for a gasoline fuel in the present application can be prepared by blending the deposit control additive composition with additional components such as fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent in a suitable container.
  • A dehazer can be added for fast separation of water from the fuel during transportation and storage. The dehazer helps to prevent premature blocking of fuel filters, corrosion, carburetor icing and possible fuel line freezing when excessive water is carried into the fuel delivery system.
  • The dehazer can be highly surface-active chemicals having limited solubility in water and/or fuel and tend to concentrate at the fuel-water interface. Therefore, the dehazer can be added at a very low concentration. In one embodiment, the concentration can be from about 1 to about 5 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the concentration can be from about 1 to about 3 percent by weight.
  • Corrosion can lead to severe problems in storage tanks, pipelines and automobile fuel tanks. To prevent corrosion, inhibitors can be added in relatively low concentrations. In one embodiment, the concentration can be from about 1 to about 5 percent by weight. In another embodiment, the concentration can be from about 1 to about 3 percent by weight.
  • Conventional blending equipment and techniques can be used in preparing the deposit control additive formulation. In general, a homogeneous blend of the foregoing active components can be achieved by merely blending the Mannich base with PIBA, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent in a determined proportion at 40-50° C. for 2 hours.
  • The deposit control additive formulation can be mixed with the gasoline fuel in storage tanks, road tanks, or railway tanks in a concentration sufficient to reduce the deposit forming tendencies of the fuel. This can be normally carried out at an ambient temperature.
  • The following examples are illustrative and should not be construed to limit the scope of the claims. The disclosure has been described in terms of the specific embodiments and certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of present application.
  • EXAMPLES Example 1:
  • Preparation of Deposit Control Additive Formulations:
  • The following commercially available materials have been used in the following formulations: PIBA-commercial name: PURAD 6847/2 [BASF, Germany]; corrosion Inhibitors-commercial name: Lz 849 [Lubrizol USA]; dehazer-commercial name: PX-3109 [Dorf Ketal, India]; fluidizer oil-commercially available polyether based solvent.
  • Various different deposit control additive formulations for gasoline fuel can be prepared by blending different combinations of components such as detergent (PIBA), dispersant (Mannich BASE), fluidizer oil, dehazer, corrosion inhibitor and solvent in a suitable container at 50-60° C. with continuous stirring for 2 hours. Details are enumerated as follows:
  • Formulation-1: a combination of PIBA, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:28:1:1 was prepared without the addition of a Mannich base.
  • Formulation-2: a combination of a Mannich base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:28:1:1 was prepared without the addition of PIBA.
  • Formulation-3: a combination of PIBA, CSNL based Mannich Base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:15:13:1:1 was prepared. The Mannich base was added to establish the synergistic effect of the Mannich base with PIBA in the intake valve deposit engine test.
  • Formulation-4: a combination of PIBA, Nonyl phenol based Mannich Base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:15:13:1:1 was prepared. The Mannich base was added to establish the synergistic effect of Mannich base with PIBA in the intake valve deposit engine test.
  • Formulation-5: A combination of PIBA, dodecyl phenol based Mannich Base, fluidizer oil, a dehazer and a corrosion inhibitor in the ratio 70:15:13:1:1 was prepared. The Mannich base was added to establish the synergistic effect of the Mannich base with PIBA in the intake valve deposit engine test.
  • Example 2
  • Evaluation Methodology
  • The complete evaluation of deposit control additive formulations was carried out in the gasoline fuel by assessing the performance with the following parameters:
    • a) Testing gasoline fuel treated with the deposit control additive formulation as per National Standard IS 2796:2000: The regular gasoline fuel meeting Indian standard IS 2796:2000 was used for the evaluation of deposit control additive formulations. A desired concentration of deposit control additive formulations was added to the fuel. After the addition of the deposit control additive formulations, the product was again tested as per IS 2796: 2000 specifications to confirm that addition of the deposit control additive formulations in the desired concentration in gasoline fuel does not adversely affect the properties of the fuel.
    • b) The compositions meeting IS 2796: 2000 specifications were additionally tested for following characteristics:
      • i) WATER REACTION OF FUELS: This test is designed to measure water tolerance characteristics of gasoline fuel. The test is a quick way to measure the ability of a fuel to separate rapidly from water after mixing under low shear conditions. Briefly, the procedure involves hand shaking of 80 ml of gasoline fuel containing the deposit control additive formulations with 20 ml of phosphate buffer solution for 2 minutes. After a 5 minute settling period, the fuel-water interface and water layer are rated for emulsion, the fuel phase and clarity.
      • ii) DYNAMIC CORROSION TEST: This test is carried out to evaluate the ability of a gasoline fuel containing the deposit control additive formulations to prevent rusting of ferrous parts when fuel comes in contact with water. Corrosion can lead to severe problems in storage tanks, pipelines tankers and automobile fuel tanks. The particles of rust can also clog fuel lines, filters carburetor orifices or jets. This evaluation procedure is based upon the ASTM D-665-95 standard test method for mineral oils (with modification so that the test is run at ambient temperature for fuels). 300 ml of the gasoline fuel containing deposit control additive formulations is stirred at 1000±50 rpm with 30 ml of distilled water for 24 hours using polished steel spindle conforming to grade 1018 of ASTM A-108 specifications. After the test the spindle is assessed for the corrosion.
    • c) Intake Valve Deposit Test using Mercedes Benz M111 Engine as per CEC F-20-A-98 : Intake valve deposit test using Mercedes Benz M111 engine as per CEC-F-20-A-98 is the internationally accepted standard test for assessing the performance of a gasoline fuel containing deposit control additive formulations. The product giving lowest intake valve deposits is considered better in performance to control the intake valve deposits under field conditions.
    • d) Port Fuel Injector Fouling Bench Test: Port Fuel Injector bench test apparatus from SwRI is the internationally accepted standard test for assessing the additive effectiveness and fouling tendency of gasoline for the port fuel injectors. The deposits that formed on the tip of the pintle-type injectors of certain engines restricted flow and caused drivability and emission problems. This method carried out as per ASTM D 6421 and has excellent correlation with the ASTM D 5598 PFI vehicle test for the predictor of port fuel-injector fouling.
  • The following examples illustrate the preparation of some typical fuel compositions of the present application and performance evaluation thereof:
  • Example 3
  • The formulations prepared as per Example 1 were added in the gasoline fuel meeting IS 2796:2000 specification at 250 mg/liter treat rate, and the treated samples were tested as per national specifications IS 2796:2000 to establish that the addition of these formulations does not have any deteriorating effect on the properties of the gasoline fuel. The results are reported in Table 1 to 3.
    TABLE 1
    Sample details
    Gasoline
    Gasoline with 250 mg/ Gasoline with
    Limits without liter 250 mg/liter
    S. No Properties IS:2796:2000 additive formulation-1 formulation-2
    1. Color, visual Colorless/ Orange Orange Orange
    Orange/Red
    2. Copper strip corrosion for 3 Not more No. 1 No. 1 No. 1
    hours at 50° C. than No. 1
    3. Density, at 15° C. 710-770 Kg/m3 753.3 753.4 753.6
    4. Distillation To be 40.0 41.0 43.0
    Initial boiling point ° C. reported
    Recovery up to 70° C. 10-45 11.0 10.5 10.0
    (E70), percent by vol.
    Recovery up to 100° C. 40-70 40.5 40.5 40.0
    (E100), percent by vol.
    Recovery up to 180° C. 90 98.0 98.0 98.0
    (E180), percent by vol.,
    min
    Final boiling point ° C. max 215 173.5 174.0 177.0
    Residue, percent by 2 1.5 1.0 1.5
    volume, max
    5. Octane requirements: 88 88.7 88.9 88.5
    Research Octane Number,
    Min
    6. Potential gum, g/m3, Max 50 NA NA NA
    7. Existent gum, g/m3, Max 40 8 10 10
    8. Sulfur, total, percent by 0.10/0.05 0.021 0.021 0.023
    mass, Max
    9. Lead content (as Pb), g/l, 0.013 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
    Max
    10. Reid vapor pressure, (RVP) 35-60 43.2 42.9 42.0
    at 38° C., KPa
    11. Vapor lock index (VLI)
    (VLI = 10 RVP + 7 E 70),
    Max
    Summer 750 509 502 490
    Other months 950
    12. Benzene content % vol., Max   5/1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9
  • TABLE 2
    Sample details
    Gasoline Gasoline
    Gasoline with 250 mg/ with 250 mg/
    Limits without liter liter
    S. No Properties IS:2796:2000 additive formulation-3 formulation-4
    1. Color, visual Colorless/Orange/ Orange Orange Orange
    Red
    2. Copper strip corrosion for 3 Not more No. 1 No. 1 No. 1
    hours at 50° C. than No. 1
    3. Density, at 15° C. Kg/m3 710-770 753.3 753.4 753.6
    4. Distillation To be 40.0 41.0 43.0
    Initial boiling point ° C. reported
    Recovery up to 70° C. 10-45 11.0 11.5 11.0
    (E 70), percent by vol.
    Recovery up to 100° C. 40-70 40.5 41.5 40.0
    (E100), percent by vol.
    Recovery up to 180° C. 90 98.0 98.0 98.0
    (E180), percent by vol.,
    min
    Final boiling point ° C., max 215 173.5 174.0 177.0
    Residue, percent by 2 1.5 1.0 1.0
    volume, max
    5. Octane requirements: 88 88.7 88.9 88.5
    Research Octane Number, Min
    6. Potential gum, g/m3, Max 50 NA NA NA
    7. Existent gum, g/m3, Max 40 8 10 10
    8. Sulfur, total, percent by mass, 0.10/0.05 0.021 0.021 0.023
    Max
    9. Lead content (as Pb), g/l, Max 0.013 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
    10. Reid vapor pressure, (RVP) at 35-60 43.2 43.0 42.5
    38° C., KPa
    11. Vapor lock index (VLI)
    (VLI = 10 RVP + 7 E 70), Max
    Summer 750 509 510.5 502
    Other months 950
    12. Benzene content % vol., Max   5/1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9
  • TABLE 3
    Sample details
    Properties Gasoline Gasoline with
    S. Limits without 250 mg/liter
    No IS:2796:2000 additive formulation-5
    1. Color, visual Colorless/ Orange Orange
    Orange/Red
    2. Copper strip corrosion for 3 hours at Not more than No. 1 No. 1
    50° C. No. 1
    3. Density, at 15° C., Kg/m3 710-770 753.3 753.4
    4. Distillation To be reported 40.0 41.0
    Initial boiling point ° C.
    Recovery up to 70° C. 10-45 11.0 11.0
    (E 70), percent by vol.
    Recovery up to 100° C. (E100), 40-70 40.5 41.5
    percent by vol.
    Recovery up to 180° C. (E180), 90 98.0 98.0
    percent by vol., min
    Final boiling point ° C., max 215 173.5 174.0
    Residue, percent by volume, 2 1.5 1.0
    max
    5. Octane requirements: Research 88 88.7 88.9
    Octane Number, Min
    6. Potential gum, g/m3, Max 50 NA NA
    7. Existent gum, g/m3, Max 40 8 10
    8. Sulfur, total percent by mass, 0.10/0.05 0.021 0.021
    Max
    9. Lead content (as Pb), g/l, Max 0.013 <0.001 <0.001
    10. Reid vapor pressure, (RVP) at 35-60 43.2 43.5
    38° C., KPa
    11. Vapor lock index (VLI)
    (VLI = 10 RVP + 7 E 70), Max
    Summer 750 509 512
    Other months 950
    12. Benzene content % vol., Max   5/1.0 0.9 0.9
  • Example 4:
  • Gasoline fuel doped with the deposit control additive formulations as prepared in Example-1 were also tested as per ASTM D1094 to measure the ability of the doped gasoline to separate from water. The results are given in Table-4.
    TABLE 4
    Additive
    Sr. Concentration
    No. Product (mg/liter) Test results
    1 Base gasoline Pass
    2 Base Gasoline + Formulation-1 250 Pass
    3 Base Gasoline + Formulation-2 250 Pass
    4 Base Gasoline + Formulation-3 250 Pass
    5 Base Gasoline + Formulation-4 250 Pass
    6 Base Gasoline + Formulation-5 250 Pass
  • Example5:
  • Dynamic Corrosion Test:
  • Gasoline fuel doped with the deposit control additive formulations as prepared in Example-1 were also tested as per ASTM D 665 (modified) to measure the ability of the doped gasoline to prevent corrosion. The results are given in Table-5.
    TABLE 5
    Additive
    Sr. Concentration
    No. Product (mg/liter) Test results
    1 Base Gasoline Pass
    2 Base Gasoline + Formulation-1 250 Pass
    3 Base Gasoline + Formulation-2 250 Pass
    4 Base Gasoline + Formulation-3 250 Pass
    5 Base Gasoline + Formulation-4 250 Pass
    6 Base Gasoline + Formulation-5 250 Pass
  • Example 6:
  • The above formulations were evaluated for intake valve deposit (IVD) test using Mercedes Benz M111 engine as per CEC F-20-A-98. The test results are given in Table-6.
    TABLE 6
    Treat Intake valve
    Sr Rate, deposits per
    No. Formulation mg/liter valve
    1 Reference Fuel 300
    2 Reference Fuel + Formulation-1 250 40
    3 Reference Fuel + Formulation-2 250 180
    4 Reference Fuel + Formulation-3 250 10
    5 Reference Fuel + Formulation-4 250 7
    6 Reference Fuel + Formulation-4 375 3
    7 Reference Fuel + Formulation-5 250 12
  • Example-7
  • The above formulations were evaluated for port fuel injector fouling test using port fuel injector test apparatus from SwRI as per ASTM D 6421. The test results are given in table-7.
    TABLE 7
    Treat
    Sr Rate,
    No. Formulation mg/liter % Flow loss
    1 Reference Fuel + Formulation-1 250 8
    2 Reference Fuel + Formulation-2 250 8
    3 Reference Fuel + Formulation-3 250 5
    4 Reference Fuel + Formulation-4 250 4
    5 Reference Fuel + Formulation-4 375 3
    6 Reference Fuel + Formulation-5 250 5

Claims (11)

1. A deposit control additive composition as a synergistic component for gasoline fuel comprising:
a. a Mannich base, and
b. Polyisobutylene amine (PIBA) having an average molecular weight generally ranging from about 700 to about 1000.
2. A deposit control additive formulation comprising the deposit control additive composition of claim 1, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a corrosion inhibitor and a solvent.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the PIBA to the Mannich base is about 1:0.2 percent by weight.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the Mannich base is derived either from a reaction of a hydrogenated and distilled Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) or from a reaction of a para substituted alkyl-phenol with an aldehyde and an amine having at least one reactive hydrogen atom.
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the para substituted alkyl-phenol is para-nonyl phenol, the aldehyde is paraformaldehyde, and the amine is dibutylamine.
6. A fuel composition, comprising of:
a. gasoline fuel ranging from 99.90 to 99.99 percent by weight, and
b. the deposit control additive formulation of claim 2 ranging from about 0.01 to about 0.1 percent by weight.
7. A composition of claim 6 wherein the gasoline fuel is selected from a group consisting of octane 88, octane 91, octane 95, and octane 96.
8. A composition of claim 6 wherein the gasoline fuel further comprises an alcohol at up to 10 percent by weight of the gasoline fuel.
9. A fuel composition of claim 6 wherein a concentration of the deposit control additive formulation ranges from about 100 to about 1000 milligram per liter.
10. A process for preparing of fuel composition as claimed in claim 6, comprising:
a. obtaining the deposit control additive formulation of claim 2 by mixing a Mannich base, a Polyisobutylene amine, fluidizer oil, a dehazer, a solvent, and a corrosion inhibitor at a temperature ranging between 50° C. and 60° C. for a time period of up to 2 hours, and
b. mixing the obtained deposit control additive formulation of step (a) with a gasoline fuel at an ambient temperature.
11. The deposit control additive composition of claim 1 wherein the Polyisobutylene amine has an average molecular weight of about 800.
US11/244,883 2005-06-13 2005-10-06 Synergistic deposit control additive composition for gasoline fuel and process thereof Abandoned US20060277820A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1522DE2005 2005-06-13
IN1522/DEL/2005 2005-06-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060277820A1 true US20060277820A1 (en) 2006-12-14

Family

ID=37522803

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/244,883 Abandoned US20060277820A1 (en) 2005-06-13 2005-10-06 Synergistic deposit control additive composition for gasoline fuel and process thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US20060277820A1 (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060277819A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Puri Suresh K Synergistic deposit control additive composition for diesel fuel and process thereof
US20070023325A1 (en) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-01 Sarvesh Kumar Adsorbent composition for removal of refractory sulphur compounds from refinery streams and process thereof
GB2453249A (en) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-01 Innospec Ltd Diesel fuel compositions
WO2009074606A1 (en) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-18 Basf Se Hydrocarbylphenols as intake valve clean-up boosters
WO2009095443A1 (en) 2008-02-01 2009-08-06 Basf Se Special polyisobutene amines, and use thereof as detergents in fuels
US20100263261A1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2010-10-21 Jacqueline Reid Fuel compositions
US20100281760A1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2010-11-11 Innospec Limited Fuel Compositions
WO2011076949A1 (en) * 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Liquid fuel compositions
WO2011151207A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-08 Basf Se Low-molecular weight polyisobutyl-substituted amines as detergent boosters
US20130247450A1 (en) * 2009-02-05 2013-09-26 Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Compositions
WO2015028391A1 (en) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses for controlling deposits on valves in direct-injection spark-ignition engines
WO2016038127A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses of controlling piston varnish formation in an internal combustion engine
WO2016038130A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses of controlling particulate emissions in an internal combustion engine
WO2016038129A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses for controlling sludge in engines
US20160168498A1 (en) * 2013-08-27 2016-06-16 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and Uses for Intake-Valve and Direct-Injector Deposit Clean-Up
CN113845947A (en) * 2021-10-29 2021-12-28 河北前进机械厂 Fuel oil treasure capable of enhancing carbon removal effect and production device thereof

Citations (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2527889A (en) * 1946-08-19 1950-10-31 Union Oil Co Diesel engine fuel
US2962442A (en) * 1957-01-03 1960-11-29 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Preparation of aldehyde-polyamine-hydroxyaromatic compound condensates and hydrocarbon fractions containing the same
US3036003A (en) * 1957-08-07 1962-05-22 Sinclair Research Inc Lubricating oil composition
US3269810A (en) * 1963-09-19 1966-08-30 Nalco Chemical Co Antioxidants for cracked petroleum distillates, especially gasoline
US3324032A (en) * 1964-12-22 1967-06-06 Exxon Research Engineering Co Reaction product of dithiophosphoric acid and dibasic acid anhydride
USRE26330E (en) * 1968-01-02 Method for inhibiting deposit for- mation in hydrocarbon feed stocks
US3368972A (en) * 1965-01-06 1968-02-13 Mobil Oil Corp High molecular weight mannich bases as engine oil additives
US3539633A (en) * 1965-10-22 1970-11-10 Standard Oil Co Di-hydroxybenzyl polyamines
US3649229A (en) * 1969-12-17 1972-03-14 Mobil Oil Corp Liquid hydrocarbon fuels containing high molecular weight mannich bases
US3943064A (en) * 1974-07-11 1976-03-09 Aluminum Company Of America High strength alumina-silica catalyst substrates having high surface area
US4038044A (en) * 1975-09-12 1977-07-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Gasoline additive compositions comprising a combination of diamine and polyamine mannich bases
US4171285A (en) * 1976-09-28 1979-10-16 Chevron Research Company Sulfur-reactive contact material having improved diffusion characteristics
US4263020A (en) * 1980-01-02 1981-04-21 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Removal of sulfur from process streams
US4419273A (en) * 1981-11-04 1983-12-06 Chevron Research Company Clay-based sulfur sorbent
US4690806A (en) * 1986-05-01 1987-09-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Removal of sulfur from process streams
US5137980A (en) * 1990-05-17 1992-08-11 Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. Ashless dispersants formed from substituted acylating agents and their production and use
US5166120A (en) * 1990-06-09 1992-11-24 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Cylindrically formed catalyst for the oxychlorination of ethylene
US5316992A (en) * 1990-12-27 1994-05-31 Uop Catalytic reforming process with sulfur arrest
US5516444A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-05-14 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Synergistic combinations for use in functional fluid compositions
US5697988A (en) * 1991-11-18 1997-12-16 Ethyl Corporation Fuel compositions
US5756435A (en) * 1997-04-18 1998-05-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Friction reducing additives for fuels and lubricants
US5873917A (en) * 1997-05-16 1999-02-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Fuel additive compositions containing polyether alcohol and hydrocarbylphenol
US5876468A (en) * 1996-09-05 1999-03-02 Lubrizol Adibis Holdings (Uk) Limited Detergents for hydrocarbon fuels
US6056871A (en) * 1994-03-04 2000-05-02 Phillips Petroleum Company Transport desulfurization process utilizing a sulfur sorbent that is both fluidizable and circulatable and a method of making such sulfur sorbent
US6179885B1 (en) * 1999-06-22 2001-01-30 The Lubrizol Corporation Aromatic Mannich compound-containing composition and process for making same
US6184176B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2001-02-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Process for the production of a sulfur sorbent
US6254766B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2001-07-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization and novel sorbents for same
US6271173B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-08-07 Phillips Petroleum Company Process for producing a desulfurization sorbent
US6274533B1 (en) * 1999-12-14 2001-08-14 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization process and novel bimetallic sorbent systems for same
US6277158B1 (en) * 1996-09-12 2001-08-21 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Additive concentrate for fuel compositions
US6338794B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2002-01-15 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization with zinc titanate sorbents
US6346190B1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2002-02-12 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization and novel sorbents for same
US6429170B1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2002-08-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Sorbents for desulfurizing gasolines and diesel fuel
US6458172B1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2002-10-01 The Lubrizol Corporation Fuel additive compositions and fuel compositions containing detergents and fluidizers
US20030003255A1 (en) * 2001-06-27 2003-01-02 Stover Jeffrey W. Adhesive-coated display board
US20030046861A1 (en) * 2001-07-06 2003-03-13 Satoshi Ohta Fuel additive and fuel composition containing the same
US20030140552A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2003-07-31 Harald Schwahn Fuel additive compositions for fuels for internal combustion engines with improved viscosity properties and good ivd performance
US20030163948A1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2003-09-04 Peter Van Leest Use of additives for improved engine operation
US6656877B2 (en) * 2000-05-30 2003-12-02 Conocophillips Company Desulfurization and sorbents for same
US6660696B1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-09 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Thermally stable phosphorothionates as antioxidant, antiwear, friction reducing and extreme pressure lubricant additives from cashew nut shell liquid
US20040007506A1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2004-01-15 Chunshan Song Deep desulfurization of hydrocarbon fuels
US6683024B1 (en) * 2000-03-15 2004-01-27 Conocophillips Company Desulfurization and novel sorbents for same
US20040063576A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-04-01 Sud-Chemie Inc. Catalyst adsorbent for removal of sulfur compounds for fuel cells
US6797038B2 (en) * 2001-11-23 2004-09-28 Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited Adsorbents, method for the manufacture thereof and process for the separation of unsaturated hydrocarbons from gas mixture
US6797021B2 (en) * 2000-10-05 2004-09-28 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Process of preparation of novel mannich bases from hydrogenated and distilled cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) for use as additive in liquid hydrocarbon fuels
US6803343B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2004-10-12 Conocophillips Company Desulfurization and novel sorbent for same
US20050192185A1 (en) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-01 Saathoff Lee D. Power transmission fluids
US20060277819A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Puri Suresh K Synergistic deposit control additive composition for diesel fuel and process thereof
US20070023325A1 (en) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-01 Sarvesh Kumar Adsorbent composition for removal of refractory sulphur compounds from refinery streams and process thereof

Patent Citations (52)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE26330E (en) * 1968-01-02 Method for inhibiting deposit for- mation in hydrocarbon feed stocks
US2527889A (en) * 1946-08-19 1950-10-31 Union Oil Co Diesel engine fuel
US2962442A (en) * 1957-01-03 1960-11-29 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Preparation of aldehyde-polyamine-hydroxyaromatic compound condensates and hydrocarbon fractions containing the same
US3036003A (en) * 1957-08-07 1962-05-22 Sinclair Research Inc Lubricating oil composition
US3269810A (en) * 1963-09-19 1966-08-30 Nalco Chemical Co Antioxidants for cracked petroleum distillates, especially gasoline
US3324032A (en) * 1964-12-22 1967-06-06 Exxon Research Engineering Co Reaction product of dithiophosphoric acid and dibasic acid anhydride
US3368972A (en) * 1965-01-06 1968-02-13 Mobil Oil Corp High molecular weight mannich bases as engine oil additives
US3539633A (en) * 1965-10-22 1970-11-10 Standard Oil Co Di-hydroxybenzyl polyamines
US3649229A (en) * 1969-12-17 1972-03-14 Mobil Oil Corp Liquid hydrocarbon fuels containing high molecular weight mannich bases
US3943064A (en) * 1974-07-11 1976-03-09 Aluminum Company Of America High strength alumina-silica catalyst substrates having high surface area
US4038044A (en) * 1975-09-12 1977-07-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Gasoline additive compositions comprising a combination of diamine and polyamine mannich bases
US4171285A (en) * 1976-09-28 1979-10-16 Chevron Research Company Sulfur-reactive contact material having improved diffusion characteristics
US4263020A (en) * 1980-01-02 1981-04-21 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Removal of sulfur from process streams
US4419273A (en) * 1981-11-04 1983-12-06 Chevron Research Company Clay-based sulfur sorbent
US4690806A (en) * 1986-05-01 1987-09-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Removal of sulfur from process streams
US5137980A (en) * 1990-05-17 1992-08-11 Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. Ashless dispersants formed from substituted acylating agents and their production and use
US5166120A (en) * 1990-06-09 1992-11-24 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Cylindrically formed catalyst for the oxychlorination of ethylene
US5316992A (en) * 1990-12-27 1994-05-31 Uop Catalytic reforming process with sulfur arrest
US5697988A (en) * 1991-11-18 1997-12-16 Ethyl Corporation Fuel compositions
US6056871A (en) * 1994-03-04 2000-05-02 Phillips Petroleum Company Transport desulfurization process utilizing a sulfur sorbent that is both fluidizable and circulatable and a method of making such sulfur sorbent
US6274031B1 (en) * 1994-03-04 2001-08-14 Phillips Petroleum Company Transport desulfurization process utilizing a sulfur sorbent that is both fluidizable and circulatable and a method of making such sulfur sorbent
US5516444A (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-05-14 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Synergistic combinations for use in functional fluid compositions
US5876468A (en) * 1996-09-05 1999-03-02 Lubrizol Adibis Holdings (Uk) Limited Detergents for hydrocarbon fuels
US6277158B1 (en) * 1996-09-12 2001-08-21 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Additive concentrate for fuel compositions
US5756435A (en) * 1997-04-18 1998-05-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Friction reducing additives for fuels and lubricants
US5873917A (en) * 1997-05-16 1999-02-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Fuel additive compositions containing polyether alcohol and hydrocarbylphenol
US6179885B1 (en) * 1999-06-22 2001-01-30 The Lubrizol Corporation Aromatic Mannich compound-containing composition and process for making same
US6254766B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2001-07-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization and novel sorbents for same
US6184176B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2001-02-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Process for the production of a sulfur sorbent
US6482314B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2002-11-19 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization for cracked gasoline or diesel fuel
US6338794B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2002-01-15 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization with zinc titanate sorbents
US6428685B2 (en) * 1999-11-01 2002-08-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization and novel sorbents for same
US6271173B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2001-08-07 Phillips Petroleum Company Process for producing a desulfurization sorbent
US6274533B1 (en) * 1999-12-14 2001-08-14 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization process and novel bimetallic sorbent systems for same
US6458172B1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2002-10-01 The Lubrizol Corporation Fuel additive compositions and fuel compositions containing detergents and fluidizers
US6683024B1 (en) * 2000-03-15 2004-01-27 Conocophillips Company Desulfurization and novel sorbents for same
US6346190B1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2002-02-12 Phillips Petroleum Company Desulfurization and novel sorbents for same
US20030140552A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2003-07-31 Harald Schwahn Fuel additive compositions for fuels for internal combustion engines with improved viscosity properties and good ivd performance
US20030163948A1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2003-09-04 Peter Van Leest Use of additives for improved engine operation
US6429170B1 (en) * 2000-05-30 2002-08-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Sorbents for desulfurizing gasolines and diesel fuel
US6656877B2 (en) * 2000-05-30 2003-12-02 Conocophillips Company Desulfurization and sorbents for same
US6797021B2 (en) * 2000-10-05 2004-09-28 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Process of preparation of novel mannich bases from hydrogenated and distilled cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) for use as additive in liquid hydrocarbon fuels
US20030003255A1 (en) * 2001-06-27 2003-01-02 Stover Jeffrey W. Adhesive-coated display board
US20030046861A1 (en) * 2001-07-06 2003-03-13 Satoshi Ohta Fuel additive and fuel composition containing the same
US6803343B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2004-10-12 Conocophillips Company Desulfurization and novel sorbent for same
US6797038B2 (en) * 2001-11-23 2004-09-28 Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited Adsorbents, method for the manufacture thereof and process for the separation of unsaturated hydrocarbons from gas mixture
US20040007506A1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2004-01-15 Chunshan Song Deep desulfurization of hydrocarbon fuels
US6660696B1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-09 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Thermally stable phosphorothionates as antioxidant, antiwear, friction reducing and extreme pressure lubricant additives from cashew nut shell liquid
US20040063576A1 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-04-01 Sud-Chemie Inc. Catalyst adsorbent for removal of sulfur compounds for fuel cells
US20050192185A1 (en) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-01 Saathoff Lee D. Power transmission fluids
US20060277819A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Puri Suresh K Synergistic deposit control additive composition for diesel fuel and process thereof
US20070023325A1 (en) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-01 Sarvesh Kumar Adsorbent composition for removal of refractory sulphur compounds from refinery streams and process thereof

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060277819A1 (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-14 Puri Suresh K Synergistic deposit control additive composition for diesel fuel and process thereof
US8222180B2 (en) 2005-08-01 2012-07-17 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Adsorbent composition for removal of refractory sulphur compounds from refinery streams and process thereof
US20070023325A1 (en) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-01 Sarvesh Kumar Adsorbent composition for removal of refractory sulphur compounds from refinery streams and process thereof
US9163190B2 (en) 2007-09-27 2015-10-20 Innospec Limited Fuel compositions
US20100263261A1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2010-10-21 Jacqueline Reid Fuel compositions
US20100281760A1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2010-11-11 Innospec Limited Fuel Compositions
GB2453249B (en) * 2007-09-27 2010-12-15 Innospec Ltd Fuel compositions
US9243199B2 (en) 2007-09-27 2016-01-26 Innospec Limited Fuel compositions
US8715375B2 (en) 2007-09-27 2014-05-06 Innospec Limited Fuel compositions
GB2453249A (en) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-01 Innospec Ltd Diesel fuel compositions
US9315752B2 (en) 2007-09-27 2016-04-19 Innospec Limited Fuel compositions
WO2009074606A1 (en) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-18 Basf Se Hydrocarbylphenols as intake valve clean-up boosters
WO2009095443A1 (en) 2008-02-01 2009-08-06 Basf Se Special polyisobutene amines, and use thereof as detergents in fuels
US20130247450A1 (en) * 2009-02-05 2013-09-26 Butamax Advanced Biofuels Llc Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Compositions
WO2011076949A1 (en) * 2009-12-24 2011-06-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Liquid fuel compositions
CN103080283A (en) * 2010-06-01 2013-05-01 巴斯夫欧洲公司 Low-molecular weight polyisobutyl-substituted amines as detergent boosters
WO2011151207A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-08 Basf Se Low-molecular weight polyisobutyl-substituted amines as detergent boosters
WO2015028391A1 (en) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses for controlling deposits on valves in direct-injection spark-ignition engines
US20160160143A1 (en) * 2013-08-27 2016-06-09 Robert Edward Allan Methods and Uses for Controlling Deposits on Valves in Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engines
US20160168498A1 (en) * 2013-08-27 2016-06-16 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and Uses for Intake-Valve and Direct-Injector Deposit Clean-Up
CN105722958A (en) * 2013-08-27 2016-06-29 英国石油国际有限公司 Methods and uses for controlling deposits on valves in direct-injection spark-ignition engines
AU2014314324B2 (en) * 2013-08-27 2017-10-19 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses for controlling deposits on valves in direct-injection spark-ignition engines
RU2695347C2 (en) * 2013-08-27 2019-07-23 Бп Ойл Интернешнл Лимитед Methods and applications for control of deposits on valves in engines with spark ignition with direct injection of fuel
US11685873B2 (en) * 2013-08-27 2023-06-27 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses for controlling deposits on valves in direct-injection spark-ignition engines
WO2016038130A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses of controlling particulate emissions in an internal combustion engine
WO2016038129A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses for controlling sludge in engines
WO2016038127A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Bp Oil International Limited Methods and uses of controlling piston varnish formation in an internal combustion engine
CN107001960A (en) * 2014-09-11 2017-08-01 英国石油国际有限公司 Control the method and purposes of the greasy filth in engine
CN107207979A (en) * 2014-09-11 2017-09-26 英国石油国际有限公司 Control the method and purposes of the particulate emissions in internal combustion engine
CN113845947A (en) * 2021-10-29 2021-12-28 河北前进机械厂 Fuel oil treasure capable of enhancing carbon removal effect and production device thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20060277820A1 (en) Synergistic deposit control additive composition for gasoline fuel and process thereof
US6277158B1 (en) Additive concentrate for fuel compositions
US5336278A (en) Fuel composition containing an aromatic amide detergent
US5876468A (en) Detergents for hydrocarbon fuels
US5458793A (en) Compositions useful as additives for lubricants and liquid fuels
US6866690B2 (en) Friction modifier additives for fuel compositions and methods of use thereof
US7901470B2 (en) Gasoline additives
KR100533490B1 (en) Additives for fuel compositions to reduce formation of combustion chamber deposits
US20060277819A1 (en) Synergistic deposit control additive composition for diesel fuel and process thereof
US7435272B2 (en) Friction modifier alkoxyamine salts of carboxylic acids as additives for fuel compositions and methods of use thereof
EP1268715A2 (en) Fuel additive compositions and fuel compositions containing detergents and fluidizers
EP0208978A1 (en) Maleic anhydride-polyether-polyamine reaction product and motor fuel composition containing same
AU654569B2 (en) Compositions for control of octane requirement increase
EP0240743A2 (en) Motor fuel composition
US4581040A (en) Polyoxyisopropylenediamine-acid anhydride-polyamine reaction product and motor fuel composition containing same
US9650583B2 (en) Additive and fuel compositions containing detergent and fluidizer and method thereof
US20120317874A1 (en) Nitrogen Free Deposit Control Fuel Additives
EP2361295B1 (en) Nitrogen free deposit control fuel additives
CA1096381A (en) N-substituted [(alkylphenoxy)-2- hydroxypropyl]alkylene polyamine as multipurpose fuel and lubricating oil additives
CA2077616A1 (en) Compositions for control of induction system deposits
AU2003219078B2 (en) Gasoline additives

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD., INDIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PURI, SURESH K.;GUPTA, ANURAG A.;DEKKA, HAREN C.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017467/0264

Effective date: 20060103

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION