US20060106753A1 - Method for discovery reply packet transmission in communication network - Google Patents
Method for discovery reply packet transmission in communication network Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060106753A1 US20060106753A1 US11/271,877 US27187705A US2006106753A1 US 20060106753 A1 US20060106753 A1 US 20060106753A1 US 27187705 A US27187705 A US 27187705A US 2006106753 A1 US2006106753 A1 US 2006106753A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- context information
- client
- sensor node
- packet
- transmission
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
- H04L67/62—Establishing a time schedule for servicing the requests
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/28—Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
Definitions
- nodes need to rapidly adapt to the ever-changing environment.
- the services in such an environment require the discovery of a device (node) to provide the context information and to obtain the context information.
- node a device
- service discovery protocols such as Jini, Service Location Protocol (SLP), and Salutation are available.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a communication network constructed with a plurality of sensor nodes.
- the communication network includes an access point (AP) 102 and a client 100 .
- the client 100 discovers sensor nodes that provide the context information and request the context information from the sensor nodes.
- the sensor nodes are randomly located within a sensor field 110 .
- the sensor nodes collect the context information according to the request from the client 100 .
- the sensor nodes transfer the two context information as requested.
- the AP 102 relays messages packets) between the client 100 and the sensor nodes.
- the communication network includes a client, an AP, and a sensor node 1 through a sensor node N. It should be understood that the communication network may include other components besides those mentioned above. Note that FIG. 2 illustrates only requisite components to facilitate the understanding of the present invention.
- the client transmits a discovery request packet to the AP to obtain context information requested from a user (S 200 ).
- the discovery request packet contains the context information requested from the user and information relating to an address of the client. Even when the user requests at least two context information, the client can transfer only one discovery request packet to request the context information.
- the AP Upon receiving the discovery request packet, the AP forwards the discovery request packet to neighbor sensor nodes (S 202 ).
- the AP duplicates the received discovery request packet and consecutively forwards the duplicate packets to the neighbor sensor nodes. Typically, the AP forwards the duplicate packets to the sensor nodes within a short time period. It is noted that the AP can multicast the received discovery request packet to the neighbor sensor nodes without packet duplication.
- the sensor nodes upon receiving the discovery request packet, collect the context information requested by the user. If the user requests at least two context information, the sensor nodes collect the at least two context information respectively.
- the sensor nodes After collecting the context information, the sensor nodes transmit a discovery reply packet to the AP (S 204 ).
- FIG. 2 depicts that the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N send the discovery reply packet to the AP at the same time, the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N collect the requested context information, generate the discovery reply packet containing the collected context information, and then transmit the generated discovery reply packet to the AP. Accordingly, the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N may transmit the discovery reply packet to the AP with a time difference.
- the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N receive the discovery request packet from the AP and collect the context information substantially at the same time. Thus, the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N transmit the discovery reply packet to the AP substantially at the same time.
- the AP forwards the discovery reply packet received from the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N, to the client (S 206 ).
- the AP is not able to process all the received packets.
- the AP temporarily stores some of the packets in queue.
- the packets in part are temporarily stored in the queue since the AP cannot forward all of the received packets to the client.
- the packets beyond the storage capacity of the queue are lost or dropped.
- the greater the number of sensor nodes in the communication network the greater the number of discovery reply packets received at the AP. Therefore, the packet drop ratio increases.
- the client which does not receive some of the discovery reply packets, retransmits the discovery request packet to the AP for more accurate context aggregation.
- the sensor nodes Upon receiving the discovery request packet re-transmitted from the AP, the sensor nodes retransmit the collected context information. As a result, the total discovery time and the network traffic increase in proportion to the number of the retransmissions.
- the present invention has been provided to solve the above-mentioned and other problems and disadvantages occurring in the conventional arrangement, and an aspect of the present invention provides a method for reducing a drop ratio of a discovery reply packet, which is transmitted from a sensor nodes, at an access point (AP) in a network including a plurality of sensor nodes.
- AP access point
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for rapidly receiving context information at a user by decreasing a packet drop ratio at an AP.
- a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; and randomly determining a transmission time at which the context information is transmitted within the calculated transmission period.
- OSI open systems interconnection
- a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; fragmenting a packet of the collected context information by a specific size; and randomly determining transmission times at which the fragmented context information are transmitted within the calculated transmission period.
- OSI open systems interconnection
- a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; fragmenting a packet of the collected context information by unit of at least one context information; and randomly determining transmission times at which the fragmented context information are transmitted within the calculated transmission period.
- OSI open systems interconnection
- a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes selecting a transmission type of context information based on at least one of a number of sensor nodes and a status of a radio channel; calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; randomly determining a transmission time at which the context information is transmitted within the calculated transmission period; and transmitting the context information at the determined transmission time according to the selected transmission type.
- OSI open systems interconnection
- FIG. 1 illustrates a communication network including a plurality of sensor nodes
- FIG. 2 illustrates transmission and reception of a discovery request packet and a discovery reply packet between a conventional client and sensor nodes
- FIG. 3 illustrates a format of a discovery reply packet
- FIG. 4 illustrates transmission and reception of a discovery reply packet according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart explaining the transmission and the reception of the discovery reply packet according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart explaining the transmission and the reception of the discovery reply packet according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 depicts a format of a discovery reply packet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the discovery reply packet includes a header field and a plurality of context information fields.
- the number of the context information fields is variable depending on the number of context information provided from a node.
- the header field contains an address of a node that transmits its collected context information, and an address of a destination of the discovery reply packet.
- the context information field contains context information requested by a user, specifically, the context information field contains an identifier of the context information requested by the user, context information, and a connection port. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be explained in order.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a communication network according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the communication network includes a client, an access point (AP), and a sensor node 1 through a sensor node N, similarly to FIG. 2 .
- AP access point
- FIG. 4 depicts the AP
- the AP can be any device capable of relaying packets between the sensor nodes and the client.
- the client transmits a discovery request packet to the AP (S 400 ).
- Information contained in the discovery request packet has been set forth in reference to FIG. 2 .
- the AP forwards the received discovery request packet to neighbor sensor nodes (S 402 ).
- the AP forwards the discovery request packet to the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N.
- the AP can multicast one discovery request packet to the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N.
- the AP may duplicate the received discovery request packet and forward the duplicate packet to one of the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N. If the AP consecutively transmits the duplicate discovery request packets, the AP controls to transmit the packets within a short time period.
- the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N Upon receiving the discovery request packet from the AP, the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N discover context information requested by the user. The sensor node 1 through the sensor node N generate a discovery reply packet using the discovered context information. The sensor node 1 through the sensor node N, which receive the discovery request packet substantially at the same time, generate the discovery reply packet substantially at the same time.
- the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N transmit the generated discovery reply packet at a time randomly determined.
- the discovery reply packet is generated and transmitted not at the same time but the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N transmit the discovery reply packet at a time randomly determined. The random determination of the time will be explained in detail.
- the sensor node 1 transmits the generated discovery reply packet to the AP (S 404 ).
- the sensor node 2 transmits the generated discovery reply packet to the AP (S 406 ).
- the sensor node N transmits the generated discovery reply packet to the AP (S 408 ). It can be seen that the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N have the different transmission time from each other. Since the transmission time is randomly selected, the sensor node 1 through the sensor node N may have the same transmission time.
- the AP upon receiving the discovery reply packet from the sensor node 1 , forwards the received discovery reply packet to the client (S 410 ).
- the AP receiving the discovery reply packet from the sensor node 2 forwards the received discovery reply packet to the client (S 412 ).
- the AP receiving the discovery reply packet from the sensor node 3 forwards the received discovery reply packet to the client (S 414 ).
- the sensor nodes 1 through N first determine a transmission period and then determine a transmission time randomly within the determined transmission period. The following is an explanation of how to calculate a maximum transmission time for the determination of the transmission period. The longer the transmission period, the lower the packet drop ratio. However, the time when the client receives the context information is extended. Conversely, the shorter transmission period advances the time when the client receives the context information but increases the packet drop ratio. If the transmission period is close to zero, the transmission of the packet reply packet becomes similar to the related art.
- the maximum transmission time can be calculated from Inequalities: ( N RE * T DC ) / N FR > RWT MAX ( 1 ) 1 - ( 1 - P DC ) N RE > ⁇ ( 2 ) ( 1 - P DC ) N RE ⁇ 1 - ⁇ ( 3 ) N RE ⁇ log 10 ⁇ ( 1 - P DC ) ⁇ log 10 ⁇ ( 1 - ⁇ ) ( 4 ) N RE > log 10 ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 1 - P DC ( 5 ) ( ⁇ log 10 ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 1 - P DC + 1 ⁇ * T DC ) / N FR > RWT MAX ( 6 )
- N RE is the number of times of the retransmission of the discovery request packet by the client to obtain the context information
- T DC is a difference between the transmission time of the conventional discovery request packet and the reception time of the discovery reply packet.
- N FR is the number of fragmented discovery reply packets, which will be explained according to a second embodiment and a third embodiment of the present invention.
- RWT MAX is a maximum transmission time of the discovery reply packet.
- a source node transmits the discovery reply packet within RWT MAX .
- P DC is probability of receiving the discovery reply packet from the neighbor node in one process (transmission and reception of the discovery request packet and the discovery reply packet).
- the maximum transmission time takes into consideration the number of times of the retransmission of the discovery request packet and the time taken for one discovery process.
- the maximum transmission time is determined in consideration of N FR , but N FR , which is 1, is not considered in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Inequality (2) through Inequality (5) determine the maximum transmission time to acquire the reception ratio of the discovery reply packet of ⁇ which is an arbitrary number between 0 and 1, by use of N RE of the retransmission. It should be understood that ⁇ is adjustable by the user's setting. A smaller ⁇ correlates to a shorter transmission period, and a larger ⁇ correlates to a longer transmission period.
- the source node repeatedly determines the transmission time at every request of the retransmission and transmits the discovery reply packet at the determined transmission time.
- the source node may transmit the discovery reply packet at a previously determined transmission time as for the request of the retransmission. In this case, the source node needs not to re-determine the transmission time.
- the client can recognize the source address through the reception of the discovery reply packet. Accordingly, the client may request to retransmit the discovery reply packet to only source nodes the discovery reply packet is not received from. Next, the AP unicasts the discovery request packet to the source node that does not transmit the discovery reply packet.
- the transmission time of the discovery reply packet can be adjusted to balance the load on the AP.
- the load balance of the AP can reduce the number of the discovery reply packets lost at the AP.
- the source node transmits one discovery reply packet without packet fragmentation.
- the source node fragments the discovery reply packet into at least two for the transmission.
- the number of the fragmented packets is defined as N FR in Inequality (1). It is to be understood that the number of the fragmented discovery reply packets is variable depending on the user's setting.
- the discovery reply packet includes the header field and the plurality of the context information fields.
- the header field contains information relating to the number of the fragmented discovery reply packets.
- the source node appends partial information contained in the header field to the beginning of the fragmented discovery reply packets. Therefore, the client can receive the fragmented discovery reply packets and incorporate them into one discovery reply packet.
- FIG. 5 The second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in reference to FIG. 5 .
- operations up to I are performed by the source node and operations from II are performed by the client.
- the source node receives the discovery request packet from the AP.
- the source node receiving the discovery request packet collects the context information and generates the discovery reply packet using the collected information (S 500 ).
- the source node collects the requested context information and generates a single discovery reply packet.
- the source node fragments the discovery reply packet by a predetermined size (S 502 ).
- the fragment size is variable according to the user's setting as set forth above. The smaller the fragment size, the greater the number of the discovery reply packets (the fragmented discovery reply packets) transmitted from the source node. The larger the fragment size, the fewer the number of the discovery reply packets (the fragmented discovery reply packets) transmitted from the source node.
- the source node consecutively transmits the fragmented discovery reply packets one by one at the transmission times randomly determined (S 504 ).
- the source node determines the same number of the transmission times as the number of the fragmented discovery reply packets and transmits the fragmented discovery reply packets one by one at the determined transmission times. The following is an explanation of the operations at the client.
- the client receives the fragmented packets from the AP (S 506 ).
- the client determines whether the received packets are translatable (S 508 ). In other words, the client determines whether the required information can be acquired by combining the received packets from the AP.
- the client proceeds to operation S 514 and ends its operations, or when the translation is impossible, the client proceeds to operation S 510 .
- the client generates the discovery request packet (S 510 ).
- the client transmits the generated discovery request packet to the AP (S 512 ).
- the client determines whether to retransmit the discovery request packet depending on the translatability of the received discovery reply packets.
- the AP upon receiving the discovery request packet, unicasts the received discovery request packet to a relevant source node.
- the client may calculate the number of the translatable discovery reply packets among the received discovery reply packets, compare the calculated number with a preset value, and determine whether to retransmit the discovery request packet.
- the discovery request packet is retransmitted only when the calculated number is below the preset value. In this situation, the AP multicasts the discovery request packet.
- the discovery reply packet is fragmented and transmitted, similarly to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a difference lies in that the discovery reply packet is fragmented by a significant unit.
- the discovery reply packet of FIG. 3 includes the plurality of context information fields.
- the discovery reply packet is fragmented by unit of the context information field.
- the client divides the packet into a requisite part for the context information translation and an additional part. It should be appreciated that the additional part contains information additionally required for the translation of the context information.
- the source node generates the discovery reply packet (S 600 ).
- the source node fragments the generated discovery reply packet by a significant unit (S 602 ).
- the explanation as to the significant unit has been provided above.
- the source node transmits to the AP the fragmented packets at the transmission times randomly determined (S 604 ).
- the client receives the fragmented packets from the AP (S 606 ). Since the discovery reply packet is fragmented by the significant unit in the third embodiment of the present invention, the client can translate the received packets.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the fragmentation based on the significant unit of the context information field by way of example, the significant unit may be at least two context information fields.
- the number of the fragmented packets can be reduced as the source node transmits the at least two fragmented context information fields.
- the client receiving the packets fragmented by the unit of the context information can determine whether the combined packets are translatable, and unicast the retransmission request of the context information to the AP when it is infeasible to translate the combined packets according to the determination.
- the sensor node provides the context information to the AP according to one of the first through third embodiments of the present invention.
- the sensor node selects one of the first through third embodiments of the present invention in relation with the number of intermediate nodes to the AP.
- the number of the intermediate nodes that deliver the context information to the AP can be classified into at least three ranges. The higher the number of the intermediate nodes delivering the context information to the AP, the higher the number of the context information lost at the AP. The following is an explanation of the at least three ranges classified based on the number of the intermediate nodes.
- the first range is below ‘a’
- the second range is between ‘a’ and ‘b’ (b>a)
- the third range is above ‘b’.
- the sensor node transmits the context information according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the source node transmits the context information according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the source node transmits the context information according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- Information relating to the number of the intermediate nodes can be obtained from the client or through the information exchange between the intermediate nodes at time intervals.
- the source node may select one of the first and third embodiments of the present invention based on a status of a radio channel.
- the source node transmits the context information according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the source node transmits the context information according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the source transmits the context information according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the source node may transmit the context information according to the third embodiment of the present invention when reliability of the transmitted context information is required. Furthermore, the source node may conduct the initial transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and transmit the context information according to the second or third embodiment of the present invention as for the request of the retransmission. As such, the source node may select one of the first through third embodiments of the present invention in consideration of other various conditions.
- the load on the AP can be reduced as the sensor nodes send the discovery reply packet at the random transmission times.
- the AP has a queue with a predetermined storage capacity, if the received discovery reply packets exceed the storage capacity, some of the received discovery reply packets are subject to loss.
- the respective sensor nodes randomly determine their transmission times and transmit the discovery reply packet at the determined transmission times. Therefore, the load on the AP can be reduced.
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119 (a) from Korean Patent Application No. 2004-93906 filed on Nov. 17, 2004 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates generally to a communication system including a plurality of sensor nodes. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for seamlessly transmitting information collected at sensor nodes to a client.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Recently, the computing environment has been advancing toward a ubiquitous computing environment with the rapid prevalence of Internet and mobile networks and the convergence of wireless networks. The advent of new nodes and services has brought a trend toward compactness and intelligence. Especially, intelligent services are provided in association with context information of users.
- The context information collected by the nodes is present in the service environment and provides information for efficient services, including behavior, location, direction, and environment conditions of the user. To deliver the intelligent service suitable for the environment of the user based on the context information, it is required to aggregate, store, classify, translate, and combine the context information. In addition, standardization is demanded for predictable context information so as to take advantage of various types of context information.
- Given the widespread prevalence of the mobile computing environment, nodes need to rapidly adapt to the ever-changing environment. In other words, the services in such an environment require the discovery of a device (node) to provide the context information and to obtain the context information. In this regard, architectures that support service discovery protocols such as Jini, Service Location Protocol (SLP), and Salutation are available.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a communication network constructed with a plurality of sensor nodes. The communication network includes an access point (AP) 102 and aclient 100. Theclient 100 discovers sensor nodes that provide the context information and request the context information from the sensor nodes. The sensor nodes are randomly located within asensor field 110. The sensor nodes collect the context information according to the request from theclient 100. When theclient 100 requests at least two context information, the sensor nodes transfer the two context information as requested. The AP 102 relays messages packets) between theclient 100 and the sensor nodes. -
FIG. 2 illustrates how to transmit and receive the context information according to the request of a client in a communication network including a plurality of sensor nodes, which will be explained below. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , the communication network includes a client, an AP, and asensor node 1 through a sensor node N. It should be understood that the communication network may include other components besides those mentioned above. Note thatFIG. 2 illustrates only requisite components to facilitate the understanding of the present invention. - The client transmits a discovery request packet to the AP to obtain context information requested from a user (S200). The discovery request packet contains the context information requested from the user and information relating to an address of the client. Even when the user requests at least two context information, the client can transfer only one discovery request packet to request the context information.
- Upon receiving the discovery request packet, the AP forwards the discovery request packet to neighbor sensor nodes (S202). The AP duplicates the received discovery request packet and consecutively forwards the duplicate packets to the neighbor sensor nodes. Typically, the AP forwards the duplicate packets to the sensor nodes within a short time period. It is noted that the AP can multicast the received discovery request packet to the neighbor sensor nodes without packet duplication.
- The sensor nodes, upon receiving the discovery request packet, collect the context information requested by the user. If the user requests at least two context information, the sensor nodes collect the at least two context information respectively.
- After collecting the context information, the sensor nodes transmit a discovery reply packet to the AP (S204). Although
FIG. 2 depicts that thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N send the discovery reply packet to the AP at the same time, thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N collect the requested context information, generate the discovery reply packet containing the collected context information, and then transmit the generated discovery reply packet to the AP. Accordingly, thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N may transmit the discovery reply packet to the AP with a time difference. - The
sensor node 1 through the sensor node N receive the discovery request packet from the AP and collect the context information substantially at the same time. Thus, thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N transmit the discovery reply packet to the AP substantially at the same time. - The AP forwards the discovery reply packet received from the
sensor node 1 through the sensor node N, to the client (S206). When the discovery reply packets are received from thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N at the same time, the AP is not able to process all the received packets. Thus, the AP temporarily stores some of the packets in queue. The packets in part are temporarily stored in the queue since the AP cannot forward all of the received packets to the client. The packets beyond the storage capacity of the queue are lost or dropped. The greater the number of sensor nodes in the communication network, the greater the number of discovery reply packets received at the AP. Therefore, the packet drop ratio increases. - The client, which does not receive some of the discovery reply packets, retransmits the discovery request packet to the AP for more accurate context aggregation. Upon receiving the discovery request packet re-transmitted from the AP, the sensor nodes retransmit the collected context information. As a result, the total discovery time and the network traffic increase in proportion to the number of the retransmissions.
- The present invention has been provided to solve the above-mentioned and other problems and disadvantages occurring in the conventional arrangement, and an aspect of the present invention provides a method for reducing a drop ratio of a discovery reply packet, which is transmitted from a sensor nodes, at an access point (AP) in a network including a plurality of sensor nodes.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for rapidly receiving context information at a user by decreasing a packet drop ratio at an AP.
- To achieve the above aspects and/features of the present invention, a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; and randomly determining a transmission time at which the context information is transmitted within the calculated transmission period.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; fragmenting a packet of the collected context information by a specific size; and randomly determining transmission times at which the fragmented context information are transmitted within the calculated transmission period.
- In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; fragmenting a packet of the collected context information by unit of at least one context information; and randomly determining transmission times at which the fragmented context information are transmitted within the calculated transmission period.
- In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, a method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client, the communication system operating in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI), includes selecting a transmission type of context information based on at least one of a number of sensor nodes and a status of a radio channel; calculating a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted; randomly determining a transmission time at which the context information is transmitted within the calculated transmission period; and transmitting the context information at the determined transmission time according to the selected transmission type.
- These and/or other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of exemplary embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures of which:
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a communication network including a plurality of sensor nodes; -
FIG. 2 illustrates transmission and reception of a discovery request packet and a discovery reply packet between a conventional client and sensor nodes; -
FIG. 3 illustrates a format of a discovery reply packet; -
FIG. 4 illustrates transmission and reception of a discovery reply packet according to a first embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a flowchart explaining the transmission and the reception of the discovery reply packet according to a second embodiment of the present invention; and -
FIG. 6 is a flowchart explaining the transmission and the reception of the discovery reply packet according to a third embodiment of the present invention. - Certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- In the following description, same drawing reference numerals are used for the same elements even in different drawings. The matters defined in the description, such as detailed construction and element descriptions, are provided to assist in a comprehensive understanding of the invention. Also, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since that would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail.
-
FIG. 3 depicts a format of a discovery reply packet according to an embodiment of the present invention. InFIG. 3 , the discovery reply packet includes a header field and a plurality of context information fields. The number of the context information fields is variable depending on the number of context information provided from a node. - The header field contains an address of a node that transmits its collected context information, and an address of a destination of the discovery reply packet. The context information field contains context information requested by a user, specifically, the context information field contains an identifier of the context information requested by the user, context information, and a connection port. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be explained in order.
-
FIG. 4 illustrates a communication network according to a first embodiment of the present invention. InFIG. 4 , the communication network includes a client, an access point (AP), and asensor node 1 through a sensor node N, similarly toFIG. 2 . Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention is described in reference toFIG. 4 . AlthoughFIG. 4 depicts the AP, the AP can be any device capable of relaying packets between the sensor nodes and the client. - The client transmits a discovery request packet to the AP (S400). Information contained in the discovery request packet has been set forth in reference to
FIG. 2 . The AP forwards the received discovery request packet to neighbor sensor nodes (S402). Referring back toFIG. 2 , the AP forwards the discovery request packet to thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N. As such, the AP can multicast one discovery request packet to thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N. The AP may duplicate the received discovery request packet and forward the duplicate packet to one of thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N. If the AP consecutively transmits the duplicate discovery request packets, the AP controls to transmit the packets within a short time period. - Upon receiving the discovery request packet from the AP, the
sensor node 1 through the sensor node N discover context information requested by the user. Thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N generate a discovery reply packet using the discovered context information. Thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N, which receive the discovery request packet substantially at the same time, generate the discovery reply packet substantially at the same time. - According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the
sensor node 1 through the sensor node N transmit the generated discovery reply packet at a time randomly determined. Comparing with the related art, the discovery reply packet is generated and transmitted not at the same time but thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N transmit the discovery reply packet at a time randomly determined. The random determination of the time will be explained in detail. - Still referring to
FIG. 4 , thesensor node 1 transmits the generated discovery reply packet to the AP (S404). Thesensor node 2 transmits the generated discovery reply packet to the AP (S406). The sensor node N transmits the generated discovery reply packet to the AP (S408). It can be seen that thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N have the different transmission time from each other. Since the transmission time is randomly selected, thesensor node 1 through the sensor node N may have the same transmission time. - The AP, upon receiving the discovery reply packet from the
sensor node 1, forwards the received discovery reply packet to the client (S410). The AP receiving the discovery reply packet from thesensor node 2, forwards the received discovery reply packet to the client (S412). The AP receiving the discovery reply packet from the sensor node 3, forwards the received discovery reply packet to the client (S414). - The
sensor nodes 1 through N first determine a transmission period and then determine a transmission time randomly within the determined transmission period. The following is an explanation of how to calculate a maximum transmission time for the determination of the transmission period. The longer the transmission period, the lower the packet drop ratio. However, the time when the client receives the context information is extended. Conversely, the shorter transmission period advances the time when the client receives the context information but increases the packet drop ratio. If the transmission period is close to zero, the transmission of the packet reply packet becomes similar to the related art. The maximum transmission time can be calculated from Inequalities: - NRE is the number of times of the retransmission of the discovery request packet by the client to obtain the context information, and TDC is a difference between the transmission time of the conventional discovery request packet and the reception time of the discovery reply packet. NFR is the number of fragmented discovery reply packets, which will be explained according to a second embodiment and a third embodiment of the present invention. RWTMAX is a maximum transmission time of the discovery reply packet. A source node transmits the discovery reply packet within RWTMAX. PDC is probability of receiving the discovery reply packet from the neighbor node in one process (transmission and reception of the discovery request packet and the discovery reply packet). Hereinafter, Inequalities are explained in detail.
- In Inequality (1), the maximum transmission time takes into consideration the number of times of the retransmission of the discovery request packet and the time taken for one discovery process. The maximum transmission time is determined in consideration of NFR, but NFR, which is 1, is not considered in the first embodiment of the present invention. Inequality (2) through Inequality (5) determine the maximum transmission time to acquire the reception ratio of the discovery reply packet of α which is an arbitrary number between 0 and 1, by use of NRE of the retransmission. It should be understood that α is adjustable by the user's setting. A smaller α correlates to a shorter transmission period, and a larger α correlates to a longer transmission period.
- The source node repeatedly determines the transmission time at every request of the retransmission and transmits the discovery reply packet at the determined transmission time. Alternatively, the source node may transmit the discovery reply packet at a previously determined transmission time as for the request of the retransmission. In this case, the source node needs not to re-determine the transmission time.
- If the client is aware of information relating to its neighbor source nodes, the client can recognize the source address through the reception of the discovery reply packet. Accordingly, the client may request to retransmit the discovery reply packet to only source nodes the discovery reply packet is not received from. Next, the AP unicasts the discovery request packet to the source node that does not transmit the discovery reply packet.
- According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the transmission time of the discovery reply packet can be adjusted to balance the load on the AP. The load balance of the AP can reduce the number of the discovery reply packets lost at the AP.
- In the first embodiment of the present invention, the source node transmits one discovery reply packet without packet fragmentation. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the source node fragments the discovery reply packet into at least two for the transmission. The number of the fragmented packets is defined as NFR in Inequality (1). It is to be understood that the number of the fragmented discovery reply packets is variable depending on the user's setting. As shown in
FIG. 3 , the discovery reply packet includes the header field and the plurality of the context information fields. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the header field contains information relating to the number of the fragmented discovery reply packets. The source node appends partial information contained in the header field to the beginning of the fragmented discovery reply packets. Therefore, the client can receive the fragmented discovery reply packets and incorporate them into one discovery reply packet. - The second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in reference to
FIG. 5 . InFIG. 5 , operations up to I are performed by the source node and operations from II are performed by the client. - The source node receives the discovery request packet from the AP. The source node receiving the discovery request packet collects the context information and generates the discovery reply packet using the collected information (S500). As mentioned above, when at least two context information are requested from the client, the source node collects the requested context information and generates a single discovery reply packet.
- The source node fragments the discovery reply packet by a predetermined size (S502). The fragment size is variable according to the user's setting as set forth above. The smaller the fragment size, the greater the number of the discovery reply packets (the fragmented discovery reply packets) transmitted from the source node. The larger the fragment size, the fewer the number of the discovery reply packets (the fragmented discovery reply packets) transmitted from the source node.
- The source node consecutively transmits the fragmented discovery reply packets one by one at the transmission times randomly determined (S504). In further detail, the source node determines the same number of the transmission times as the number of the fragmented discovery reply packets and transmits the fragmented discovery reply packets one by one at the determined transmission times. The following is an explanation of the operations at the client.
- The client receives the fragmented packets from the AP (S506). The client determines whether the received packets are translatable (S508). In other words, the client determines whether the required information can be acquired by combining the received packets from the AP. When the translation is possible, the client proceeds to operation S514 and ends its operations, or when the translation is impossible, the client proceeds to operation S510.
- The client generates the discovery request packet (S510). The client transmits the generated discovery request packet to the AP (S512).
- In
FIG. 5 , the client determines whether to retransmit the discovery request packet depending on the translatability of the received discovery reply packets. Hence, the AP, upon receiving the discovery request packet, unicasts the received discovery request packet to a relevant source node. Alternatively, the client may calculate the number of the translatable discovery reply packets among the received discovery reply packets, compare the calculated number with a preset value, and determine whether to retransmit the discovery request packet. The discovery request packet is retransmitted only when the calculated number is below the preset value. In this situation, the AP multicasts the discovery request packet. - According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the discovery reply packet is fragmented and transmitted, similarly to the second embodiment of the present invention. A difference lies in that the discovery reply packet is fragmented by a significant unit. In particular, the discovery reply packet of
FIG. 3 includes the plurality of context information fields. In the third embodiment of the present invention, the discovery reply packet is fragmented by unit of the context information field. When fragmenting the discovery reply packet, the client divides the packet into a requisite part for the context information translation and an additional part. It should be appreciated that the additional part contains information additionally required for the translation of the context information. - Hereinafter, the third embodiment of the present invention is described in reference to
FIG. 6 . - The source node generates the discovery reply packet (S600). The source node fragments the generated discovery reply packet by a significant unit (S602). The explanation as to the significant unit has been provided above. The source node transmits to the AP the fragmented packets at the transmission times randomly determined (S604). The client receives the fragmented packets from the AP (S606). Since the discovery reply packet is fragmented by the significant unit in the third embodiment of the present invention, the client can translate the received packets.
- Although
FIG. 6 illustrates the fragmentation based on the significant unit of the context information field by way of example, the significant unit may be at least two context information fields. The number of the fragmented packets can be reduced as the source node transmits the at least two fragmented context information fields. - Although not illustrated in
FIG. 6 , according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the client receiving the packets fragmented by the unit of the context information can determine whether the combined packets are translatable, and unicast the retransmission request of the context information to the AP when it is infeasible to translate the combined packets according to the determination. - The sensor node provides the context information to the AP according to one of the first through third embodiments of the present invention. The sensor node selects one of the first through third embodiments of the present invention in relation with the number of intermediate nodes to the AP. The number of the intermediate nodes that deliver the context information to the AP can be classified into at least three ranges. The higher the number of the intermediate nodes delivering the context information to the AP, the higher the number of the context information lost at the AP. The following is an explanation of the at least three ranges classified based on the number of the intermediate nodes.
- With respect to the number of the intermediate nodes, the first range is below ‘a’, the second range is between ‘a’ and ‘b’ (b>a), and the third range is above ‘b’.
- Specifically, when the number of the intermediate nodes delivering the context information lies in the first range, the sensor node transmits the context information according to the first embodiment of the present invention. When the number of the intermediate nodes lies in the second range, the source node transmits the context information according to the second embodiment of the present invention. When the number of the intermediate nodes lies in the third range, the source node transmits the context information according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Information relating to the number of the intermediate nodes can be obtained from the client or through the information exchange between the intermediate nodes at time intervals.
- Also, the source node may select one of the first and third embodiments of the present invention based on a status of a radio channel. When the radio channel is in the normal status, the source node transmits the context information according to the first embodiment of the present invention. When the radio channel is in the abnormal status, the source node transmits the context information according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As for the worse status of the radio channel, the source transmits the context information according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- The source node may transmit the context information according to the third embodiment of the present invention when reliability of the transmitted context information is required. Furthermore, the source node may conduct the initial transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and transmit the context information according to the second or third embodiment of the present invention as for the request of the retransmission. As such, the source node may select one of the first through third embodiments of the present invention in consideration of other various conditions.
- In light of the foregoing as set forth above, the load on the AP can be reduced as the sensor nodes send the discovery reply packet at the random transmission times. Although the AP has a queue with a predetermined storage capacity, if the received discovery reply packets exceed the storage capacity, some of the received discovery reply packets are subject to loss. According to the embodiments of the present invention, the respective sensor nodes randomly determine their transmission times and transmit the discovery reply packet at the determined transmission times. Therefore, the load on the AP can be reduced.
- Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2004-0093906 | 2004-11-17 | ||
KR10-2004-93906 | 2004-11-17 | ||
KR20040093906A KR100594993B1 (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Method for discovery reply packet transmission in communication network |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060106753A1 true US20060106753A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
US7660860B2 US7660860B2 (en) | 2010-02-09 |
Family
ID=35678045
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/271,877 Expired - Fee Related US7660860B2 (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2005-11-14 | Method for discovery reply packet transmission in communication network |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7660860B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1659759A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4129020B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100594993B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1777111B (en) |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070258445A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2007-11-08 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for protocol filtering for quality of service |
US20070258459A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2007-11-08 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for QOS by proxy |
US20070291653A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for network-independent qos |
US20070291767A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for a protocol transformation gateway for quality of service |
US20070291768A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for content-based differentiation and sequencing as a mechanism of prioritization for QOS |
US20070291751A1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for compression based quality of service |
US20070291765A1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for dynamic mode-driven link management |
US20080013559A1 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-17 | Smith Donald L | Systems and methods for applying back-pressure for sequencing in quality of service |
US20080025318A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-01-31 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for dynamically customizable quality of service on the edge of a network |
US20080025334A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-01-31 | Smith Donald L | Systems and methods for assured communications with quality of service |
US20080267101A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Universal Browser |
US7756134B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 | 2010-07-13 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for close queuing to support quality of service |
US7769028B2 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2010-08-03 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for adaptive throughput management for event-driven message-based data |
US20100241759A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2010-09-23 | Smith Donald L | Systems and methods for sar-capable quality of service |
US20100238801A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2010-09-23 | Smith Donald L | Method and system for stale data detection based quality of service |
US7856012B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2010-12-21 | Harris Corporation | System and methods for generic data transparent rules to support quality of service |
US7894509B2 (en) | 2006-05-18 | 2011-02-22 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for functional redundancy based quality of service |
US7916626B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2011-03-29 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for fault-tolerant quality of service |
US7990860B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2011-08-02 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for rule-based sequencing for QoS |
US8064464B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2011-11-22 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for inbound content-based QoS |
US20130176896A1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fragmentation of link layer discovery protocol packets |
US20140133355A1 (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2014-05-15 | Huawei Device Co., Ltd. | Method for determining neighbor station, station, access point, and communication system |
WO2016167539A1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-20 | 엘지전자(주) | Method for performing scanning in wireless communication system, and apparatus therefor |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100705234B1 (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2007-04-09 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | A communication method in a wireless sensor network |
KR100867988B1 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-11-10 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Media for recording data structure of address management of sensor node, and method using the same |
KR100793057B1 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-01-10 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Usn middleware apparatus for generating information service based on heterogeneous sensor networks and its method, system for providing information service using that |
KR100916507B1 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-09-08 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | Method and system for managing sensor network using network management protocol |
JP4983674B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2012-07-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Communication system, processing request device, processing response device, and program thereof |
US8332541B2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2012-12-11 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for communicating and/or using discovery information |
US8189508B2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2012-05-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for peer discovery assist |
US8351546B2 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2013-01-08 | Aruba Networks, Inc. | Sensing device orientation in wireless networks |
US9007181B2 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2015-04-14 | Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh | Method and system for discovery and transparent status reporting for sensor networks |
GB201110757D0 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-08-10 | Gassecure As | Wireless sensor networks |
KR20130011259A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-01-30 | 정현철 | Method to smooth peak in traffic of sensor networks by evenly distributing the data transmission timing of APs access points |
CN105532050B (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2020-02-18 | 康维达无线有限责任公司 | Context and power control information management for proximity services |
KR102090657B1 (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2020-03-18 | 콘비다 와이어리스, 엘엘씨 | Context management |
US10791171B2 (en) | 2013-07-10 | 2020-09-29 | Convida Wireless, Llc | Context-aware proximity services |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5586054A (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-12-17 | Fluke Corporation | time-domain reflectometer for testing coaxial cables |
WO1999059293A1 (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-11-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Data transfer method with varying packet transmission time interval security protocol |
US20010002196A1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2001-05-31 | Path 1 Network Technologies, Inc., California Corporation | Methods and apparatus for providing quality of service guarantees in computer networks |
US20020017988A1 (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 2002-02-14 | Irwin Michael Bruce Christopher | Multi-station RF thermometer and alarm system |
US6608821B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2003-08-19 | Texas Instruments Israel Ltd. | Method for collision avoidance in an asynchronous communication system |
US20030174757A1 (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 2003-09-18 | Andrzej Partyka | Frequency hopping system for intermittent transmission |
US6680950B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2004-01-20 | Nec Corporation | Collision avoidance technique for a multiple access radio communication system |
US20070064721A1 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2007-03-22 | Nokia Inc. | System and method for transmission scheduling using network membership information and neighborhood information |
US7313105B1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2007-12-25 | Nortel Networks Limited | Mechanism and method to select a time delay in response to a collision |
US20080130687A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2008-06-05 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Data Receiving Method and Transferring Method for Data Link Layer |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3349477B2 (en) | 1999-09-08 | 2002-11-25 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Mobile communication device, mobile communication system, and communication channel assignment request method |
JP3674569B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2005-07-20 | オムロン株式会社 | SENSOR MANAGEMENT DEVICE, SENSOR MANAGEMENT DEVICE CONTROL PROGRAM, COMPUTER-READABLE RECORDING MEDIUM CONTAINING THE PROGRAM, AND SENSOR MANAGEMENT DEVICE CONTROL METHOD |
US6747994B2 (en) | 2001-10-17 | 2004-06-08 | Qualcomm, Incorporated | Selecting optimal transmit formats for transmissions over allocated time durations |
KR20040000763A (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2004-01-07 | 주식회사 케이티 | A error detecting system and method in network management |
KR20040028055A (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2004-04-03 | 주식회사 케이티 | Apparatus and method for transmitting real-time/non-real-time packet in wireless LAN |
KR100480267B1 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2005-04-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Inquiry method in bluetooth system |
JP2004226157A (en) | 2003-01-21 | 2004-08-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Sensor network, sensor, radiowave transmitting body, and computer program |
KR100627328B1 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2006-09-25 | 전자부품연구원 | Energy Efficient Data Aggregation Method in Wireless Sensor Networks |
-
2004
- 2004-11-17 KR KR20040093906A patent/KR100594993B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-11-14 US US11/271,877 patent/US7660860B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-16 EP EP20050025064 patent/EP1659759A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-16 CN CN200510123413XA patent/CN1777111B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-17 JP JP2005333050A patent/JP4129020B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5586054A (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-12-17 | Fluke Corporation | time-domain reflectometer for testing coaxial cables |
US20030174757A1 (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 2003-09-18 | Andrzej Partyka | Frequency hopping system for intermittent transmission |
US20020017988A1 (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 2002-02-14 | Irwin Michael Bruce Christopher | Multi-station RF thermometer and alarm system |
WO1999059293A1 (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-11-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Data transfer method with varying packet transmission time interval security protocol |
US20010002196A1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2001-05-31 | Path 1 Network Technologies, Inc., California Corporation | Methods and apparatus for providing quality of service guarantees in computer networks |
US6608821B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2003-08-19 | Texas Instruments Israel Ltd. | Method for collision avoidance in an asynchronous communication system |
US6680950B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2004-01-20 | Nec Corporation | Collision avoidance technique for a multiple access radio communication system |
US7313105B1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2007-12-25 | Nortel Networks Limited | Mechanism and method to select a time delay in response to a collision |
US20070064721A1 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2007-03-22 | Nokia Inc. | System and method for transmission scheduling using network membership information and neighborhood information |
US20080130687A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2008-06-05 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Data Receiving Method and Transferring Method for Data Link Layer |
Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070258459A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2007-11-08 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for QOS by proxy |
US20070258445A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2007-11-08 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for protocol filtering for quality of service |
US7756134B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 | 2010-07-13 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for close queuing to support quality of service |
US7894509B2 (en) | 2006-05-18 | 2011-02-22 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for functional redundancy based quality of service |
US7990860B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2011-08-02 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for rule-based sequencing for QoS |
US20070291653A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for network-independent qos |
US20070291767A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for a protocol transformation gateway for quality of service |
US20070291768A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for content-based differentiation and sequencing as a mechanism of prioritization for QOS |
US7856012B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2010-12-21 | Harris Corporation | System and methods for generic data transparent rules to support quality of service |
US8516153B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2013-08-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for network-independent QoS |
US8064464B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2011-11-22 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for inbound content-based QoS |
US7916626B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2011-03-29 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for fault-tolerant quality of service |
US8730981B2 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2014-05-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for compression based quality of service |
US20070291765A1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for dynamic mode-driven link management |
US20070291751A1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-12-20 | Harris Corporation | Method and system for compression based quality of service |
US7769028B2 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2010-08-03 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for adaptive throughput management for event-driven message-based data |
US20080013559A1 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-17 | Smith Donald L | Systems and methods for applying back-pressure for sequencing in quality of service |
US20100238801A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2010-09-23 | Smith Donald L | Method and system for stale data detection based quality of service |
US20100241759A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2010-09-23 | Smith Donald L | Systems and methods for sar-capable quality of service |
US8300653B2 (en) | 2006-07-31 | 2012-10-30 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for assured communications with quality of service |
US20080025334A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-01-31 | Smith Donald L | Systems and methods for assured communications with quality of service |
US20080025318A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-01-31 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for dynamically customizable quality of service on the edge of a network |
US20080267101A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Universal Browser |
US8761747B2 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2014-06-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Universal browser |
US20130176896A1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fragmentation of link layer discovery protocol packets |
CN104040969A (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2014-09-10 | 国际商业机器公司 | Fragmentation Of Link Layer Discovery Protocol Packets |
US9160565B2 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2015-10-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fragmentation of link layer discovery protocol packets |
US20140133355A1 (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2014-05-15 | Huawei Device Co., Ltd. | Method for determining neighbor station, station, access point, and communication system |
WO2016167539A1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-20 | 엘지전자(주) | Method for performing scanning in wireless communication system, and apparatus therefor |
US10251048B2 (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2019-04-02 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for performing scanning in wireless communication system, and apparatus therefor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1777111B (en) | 2010-11-24 |
KR20060053516A (en) | 2006-05-22 |
CN1777111A (en) | 2006-05-24 |
JP2006148914A (en) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1659759A1 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
JP4129020B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
KR100594993B1 (en) | 2006-07-03 |
US7660860B2 (en) | 2010-02-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7660860B2 (en) | Method for discovery reply packet transmission in communication network | |
US8514861B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for multicasting data in a communication network | |
US9660911B2 (en) | Method for sending an acknowledgement to an ingress mesh point in a mesh network and a medium access control frame format | |
US5987011A (en) | Routing method for Ad-Hoc mobile networks | |
US8238288B2 (en) | Duplicate detection method for ad hoc network | |
US7430182B2 (en) | System and method for controlling data traffic in a wireless communication system | |
US7894381B2 (en) | System and method of reliably broadcasting data packet under ad-hoc network environment | |
JP2004531971A (en) | A routing protocol embedded under the internet protocol routing layer of the software architecture protocol stack in mobile ad hoc networks | |
US20090245252A1 (en) | Communication terminal and retransmission request method | |
AU2018442113B2 (en) | Model based path selection in a bluetooth low energy, BLE, mesh network | |
Tang et al. | A reliable, congestion-control led multicast transport protocol in multimedia multi-hop networks | |
Tang et al. | Reliable adaptive lightweight multicast protocol | |
Ye et al. | SCTP congestion control performance in wireless multi-hop networks | |
US8254300B1 (en) | Base station, relay, system and method for packet re-transmission in a multi-hop network | |
CN115314569B (en) | UDP-based lightweight MQTT design method | |
US7672279B2 (en) | Methods for dynamic radio resource management and link control | |
EP1505759A2 (en) | Method and device for transmitting/receiving data using acknowledged transport layer protocols | |
CN116233764A (en) | Reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in Internet of vehicles | |
Zhu et al. | Scalable layered multicast with explicit congestion notification | |
Rao et al. | A proposal for improving performance of TCP in MANET's employing SADCA (smart acknowledgement distributed channel access) scheme | |
Berg | The design of an initial NBWF network simulator | |
Deziel et al. | A Reliable Transport Protocol for Resource Constrained Nodes: CRCTP-Protocol Design | |
Kam et al. | Link Level Protocols Revisited | |
KR20120113496A (en) | Method of transmission between one hop links in wireless mesh network and mesh node supporting the same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD.,KOREA, REPUBLI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:YOON, HYUNG-MIN;KANG, WOO-SHIK;PARK, KYUNG-HO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017235/0388 Effective date: 20051101 Owner name: SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD., KOREA, REPUBL Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:YOON, HYUNG-MIN;KANG, WOO-SHIK;PARK, KYUNG-HO;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017235/0388 Effective date: 20051101 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.) |
|
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.) |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |
|
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 20180209 |