US20060036027A1 - Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties - Google Patents
Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060036027A1 US20060036027A1 US11/202,500 US20250005A US2006036027A1 US 20060036027 A1 US20060036027 A1 US 20060036027A1 US 20250005 A US20250005 A US 20250005A US 2006036027 A1 US2006036027 A1 US 2006036027A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pressure sensitive
- sensitive adhesive
- acrylate
- plasticizer
- removable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 0 *OC(=O)C(*)=C Chemical compound *OC(=O)C(*)=C 0.000 description 6
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J4/00—Adhesives based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; adhesives, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09J183/00 - C09J183/16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
- C09J7/381—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA] based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/385—Acrylic polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08L2666/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated hydrocarbons; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/931—Pressure sensitive adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- This invention relates to removable pressure sensitive adhesives based on aqueous emulsions.
- the removable pressure sensitive adhesives of this invention have enhanced plasticizer resistance properties which are particularly useful for pressure sensitive adhesive applications on plasticizer containing vinyl films.
- Removable pressure sensitive adhesives are used on a variety of products including labels, tapes, films, and the like, to enable the product to adhere to a substrate and then later to be removed from the substrate without difficulty and without leaving a stain or residue.
- the pressure sensitive adhesive must have good adhesion with low initial peel strength and must not exhibit a significant increase in adhesion over time.
- the pressure sensitive adhesive should exhibit such physical properties on a variety of substrates.
- Typical commercially available aqueous emulsion removable pressure sensitive adhesives have anchorage and removability weakness when used with plasticizer containing facestocks such as vinyl films.
- Plasticizers usually are moderately high molecular weight organic liquids, or occasionally low melting solids, which are incorporated in a material to increase its workability, flexibility, or distensibility.
- polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or, as it is more commonly referred to, “vinyl”, in its unmodified form, is typically rigid. When compounded with a plasticizer, it becomes more flexible and can be used for broader applications.
- Plasticized vinyl typically contains 15-50% by weight of either a monomeric or polymeric plasticizer, with the monomeric plasticizers being more commonly employed. The monomeric plasticizers are of relatively low molecular weight and tend to migrate to the surface of the plasticized vinyl.
- a removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive comprising a crosslinked aqueous emulsion polymer comprising: (a) at least one hydrophobic monomer selected from an alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms; (b) about 0.2 to about 10 wt. % of at least one hydrophilic monomer; (c) about 1 to about 40 wt.
- a PSA is “removable” and “plasticizer resistant” if, when the PSA is applied to a vinyl film facestock, the PSA has an initial peel value upon removal from a substrate of less than about 0.3 pounds per inch with the failure mode being essentially adhesive failure, and maintains a peel value (after aging for 7 days at 70° C.) of less than about 0.3 pounds per inch with essentially no transfer of adhesive to the substrate.
- the invention provides aqueous emulsion PSA polymers that possess good plasticizer resistance properties and are removable.
- the product of this invention is particularly useful when used with plasticizer containing films such as window graphics applications, where low stable peel, non-ghosting and clean removability from glass and stainless steel are required.
- the pressure sensitive adhesives of the invention maintain strong anchorage to a variety of vinyl films, including films of polymers and co-polymers of vinyl chloride, and exhibit good plasticizer resistance and removability from the substrate.
- the extent of removability can be determined by measuring the force (in pounds) needed to remove an adhesive/facestock film construction from a specific test surface using a 180° C. peel angle with a constant peel rate under conditions of constant temperature and humidity. PSAs with clean removability have low initial peel values of less than about 0.3 pound per inch with failure mode being essentially adhesive failure.
- the removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive compositions of this invention comprise a crosslinked aqueous emulsion polymer comprising: (a) at least one hydrophobic monomer selected from an alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms; (b) about 0.2 to about 10 wt. % of at least one hydrophilic monomer; (c) about 1 to about 40 wt.
- a crosslinker selected from diallyl maleate or compounds represented by the formula: wherein R is selected from hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and R′ is selected from vinyl (—HC ⁇ CH 2 ), allyl (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ), or methallyl (—C(—CH 2 ) ⁇
- the phrase “pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer” means that the PSA, both as polymerized and as formulated for application to a vinyl film facestock, does not contain a plasticizer. Once applied to a vinyl facestock, the PSAs of the invention will allow the migration of a finite amount of plasticizer from the vinyl film into the PSA.
- the hydrophobic monomer that can be employed according to this invention include at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms.
- alkyl (meth)acrylate includes both alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates.
- the alkyl groups of the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomers are preferably linear or branched alkyl radicals having from 4 to about 14 carbon atoms, more preferably from 4 to about 10 carbon atoms, and most preferably from 4 to about 8 carbon atoms.
- alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates examples include isooctyl acrylate, 4-methyl-2-pentyl acrylate, 2-methyl-butyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isodecyl methacrylate, isononyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, and the like, singly or in mixtures of two or more.
- the currently preferred alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate ester monomers are 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof.
- the amount of hydrophobic monomers, based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), is from about 50 to about 90 wt. %, preferably about 60 to about 84 wt. %, and more preferably from about 70 to 80 wt. %.
- Hydrophilic monomers that can be employed according to this invention are monomers that are copolymerizable with the hydrophobic monomer and that are water soluble.
- the hydrophilic monomers are selected from monoolefinic monocarboxylic acids, monoolefinic dicarboxylic acids, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, or mixtures thereof.
- hydrophilic monomers examples include, but are not limited to, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, oligomeric acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof.
- the currently preferred hydrophilic monomers are acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- the amount of hydrophilic monomers is from about 0.2 to about 10 wt. %, preferably about 0.2 to 5 wt. %, and more preferably about 1 to 3 wt. %.
- Partially hydrophilic monomers that can be employed according to the invention include alkyl (meth)acrylate esters of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol has 1 to 2 carbon atoms, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, or mixtures thereof.
- the partially hydrophilic monomers can also be referred to as partially water soluble monomers.
- suitable partially hydrophilic monomers include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof.
- the currently preferred partially hydrophilic monomers are ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof, with ethyl acrylate being currently most preferred.
- the amount of partially hydrophilic monomers, based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), is from about 1 to about 40 wt. %, preferably from about 10 to about 25 wt. %, and more preferably from about 12 to about 25 wt. %.
- an effective amount of the crosslinkers of the invention is used for the preparation of the removable, plasticizer resistant PSAs of the invention.
- the addition of an effective amount of the crosslinker of the invention is another critical feature of the invention.
- the aqueous emulsion polymer of the invention is sufficiently crosslinked such that the resulting crosslinked PSA network is sufficiently loose to allow enough plasticizer penetration to prevent plasticizer build-up at the PSA-vinyl film interface, and yet tight enough to limit the mobility of the aqueous emulsion polymer chains and prevent peel strength build-up. Consequently, the pressure sensitive adhesives of the instant invention achieve both good anchorage and clean removability from the substrates to which the PSAs are applied.
- crosslinkers that can be employed by this invention include diallyl maleate, and compounds represented by the formula: wherein R is selected from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and R′ is selected from vinyl (—HC ⁇ CH 2 ), allyl (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ), or methallyl (—C(—CH 2 ) ⁇ CH 2 ).
- crosslinkers examples include allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, vinyl acrylate, vinyl methacrylate, methallyl acrylate, methallyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof.
- the amount of the crosslinker is about 0.2 wt. % to about 1.0 wt. %, and preferably from about 0.3 to 0.6 wt. %.
- aqueous PSA compositions of this invention do not contain plasticizers.
- Plasticizers tend to destroy adhesion to vinyl film and cause transfer failure, or migrate onto the substrate to which PSAs are applied and leave a residue of plasticizer on the substrate when the PSA is removed. It is also preferred not to include waxes in the PSA compositions of the invention.
- the process for the preparation of the removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesives of the invention utilizes at least one water-soluble polymerization initiator.
- Any conventional water-soluble polymerization initiator that is normally acceptable for emulsion polymerization of acrylate monomers may be used and such polymerization initiators are well known in the art.
- the typical concentration of water-soluble polymerization initiators is about 0.01 wt. % to about 1 wt. %, preferably about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.5 wt. %, of the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c), and (d) charged in the pre-emulsion.
- the water soluble polymerization initiators can be used alone or used in combination with one or more conventional reducing agents, such as bisulfites, metabisulfites, ascorbic acid, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, ferric ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, and the like.
- Water-soluble polymerization initiators that can be employed according to the invention include water soluble persulfates, peroxides, azo compounds and the like, and mixtures thereof. Examples of water soluble initiators include, but are not limited to, persulfates (e.g. potassium persulfate, and sodium persulfate), peroxides (e.g.
- the preferred water soluble polymerization initiators are the persulfates, particularly potassium persulfate.
- the polymerization can be initiated by any conventional method known to those skilled in the art, such as by application of heat or radiation.
- the method of initiation will be dependent on the water-soluble polymerization initiator used and will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
- the water soluble polymerization initiator can be added to the polymerization reaction in any conventional manner known in the art. It is currently preferred to add the initiator to the initial polymerization reactor charge which comprises water. Alternatively, an initial amount of the polymerization initiator can be added to the initial reactor charge and the remainder of the initiator added continuously or incrementally during the emulsion polymerization.
- At least one surfactant is utilized in the polymerization and it is currently preferred to add the surfactant with water and the monomers to from a pre-emulsion.
- the pre-emulsion is then charged to the polymerization reactor and the polymerization conducted.
- the surfactants that can be employed include anionic, nonionic, cationic, or amphoteric emulsifiers and mixtures thereof.
- Ionic emulsifiers are currently preferred, with anionic emulsifiers being currently most preferred.
- suitable anionic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, alkyl aryl sulfonates (e.g. sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate), alkyl sulfates (e.g. sodium dodecyl sulfate, ammonium dodecyl sulfate), sulfates of ethoxylated alcohols (e.g.
- sodium lauryl ether sulfate sodium lauryl ether sulfate
- sulfosuccinates e.g. sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate
- diphenyl sulfonates e.g. sodium dodecyl diphenyloxide disulfonate
- suitable nonionic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated alcohols (e.g.
- ethoxylated oleyl alcohol ethoxylated alkylphenols (e.g. nonylphenol ethoxylate), and mixtures thereof.
- suitable cationic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated fatty amines (e.g. ethoxylated tallow amine).
- the typical concentration of surfactant is based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), and is about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, preferably about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %.
- the polymerization reaction can be conducted in any conventional reaction vessel capable of an emulsion polymerization. It can be conducted at a temperature typical for emulsion polymerizations, preferably at a temperature in the range of about 50° C. to about 95° C., most preferably in the range of about 55° C. to about 85° C.
- the polymerization time is that time needed to achieve the desired conversion based on the other reaction conditions, e.g. temperature profile, and reaction components, e.g. monomers, initiator, etc.
- the polymerization time will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
- the pH of the latex emulsion is adjusted by contacting the latex emulsion with a suitable base in an amount necessary to raise the pH to the desired pH.
- suitable bases for adjusting the pH of the latex emulsion include alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, ammonium hydroxide, amines, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
- the latex emulsion typically has a solids content of from about 40 to about 70 wt. %, and preferably about 55 to about 65 wt. %.
- PSA 180° C. Angle Dynamic Peel test was conducted to determine the force (in pounds) needed to remove an adhesive/carrier film construction from a specific test surface using a 180° C. peel angle with a constant peel rate under conditions of constant temperature and humidity.
- Wet adhesive was coated on release liner at certain coat weight. The wet adhesive was air dried for 15 min before being placed in an oven (90° C.) for 5 min. drying. The adhesive was then transferred to a vinyl film facestock. A sample test strip of 1′′ ⁇ 5′′ was applied to a substrate, and 1 lb pressure was applied. The test strip(s) were subjected to the specified test conditions of time, temperature and humidity. [Note: Tests were at least run in duplicate.] Peel strength was determined in an Instron Test Machine (Model No. 1125) by peeling a strip from the substrate at an 180° C. angle.
- the mode of the peel failure is identified as follows: “a” meaning adhesive failure, i.e. adhesive entirely separates from the substrate, “c” meaning cohesive failure, i.e. the adhesive is left partially on the substrate and partially on the facestock, “t” meaning transfer failure, i.e. the adhesive is all transferred to the substrate, and “g” meaning some type of material being deposited on the surface of the test substrate but can not be classified as polymeric in nature and does not exhibit any significant degree of tack.
- a peel failure mode of “a” is acceptable.
- a peel failure mode of “c” or “t” is unacceptable as adhesive is left on the substrate.
- PL(24 hr) Peel strength at 24 hours
- PL(1wCTH) Peel strength after 1 week under constant temperature and humidity
- PL(3d 70° C.) Peel strength after 3 days at 70° C.
- PL(1w 70° C.) Peel strength after 1 week at 70° C.
- PL(1w Hum) Peel strength after 1 week under constant humidity
- PL(20 min) Peel strength at 20 min.
- PL(20 hr) Peel strength at 20 hours
- PL(4d@65° C.) Peel strength after 4 days at 65° C.
- PL(4d 70° C.) Peel strength after 4 days at 70° C.
- the jacket of the reactor was heated until the reactor mixture reaches 77+/ ⁇ 1° C. and then the preemulsion was fed into kettle over a period of 195 minutes. During the polymerization, the reactor temperature was maintained at 82.5+/ ⁇ 0.5° C. At the end of the preemulsion delay charge, the reactor was held at 82° C. for 30 min. The reactor contents were then cooled to 55° C., Trigonox and Parolite were added to the reactor, and the reactor contents held for 30 min. After the post-cure period, the reactro contents were cooled to 35+/ ⁇ 1° C., then Nofoam 1976 defoamer and Kathon LX biocide were added to the reactor.
- aqueous PSA polymers made according to the invention appear to be white viscous emulsion containing no foreign material such as insolubles, or coagulum.
- the total solid is from about 56% to about 60 wt. %. Peel strength of the polymer products are shown below in Table 1.
- the PSAs were formulated before testing.
- the following table is the PSA formulation recipe.
- Material Amount Mix time (min) GME-3210 100 AMP-95 0.7 30 Aerosol OT 1.0 45 Tacolyn 1070 30 60 Acusol 830 0.1 ⁇ 0.4 60
- Example 2 The polymers of Example 2 was polymerized according to the procedure described in Example 1 except that 0.4 wt. % (2.4 g) of butenediol diacrylate was used as crosslinker. The polymerization procedure and amount of reactants were the same. Both crosslinkers were used in the same mol amount as the ALMA, which is 0.026 mol in polymer correspondingly (Diallylmaleate: 5.48 g, Allylacrylamide 2.89 g).
- Example 3 The polymers of Example 3 were prepared according to the same procedure as described in Example 2, except 0.08 wt. % of hexenediol diacrylate (0.48 g) was used as the crosslinker.
- Four formulations (HL3A-D) were made at different tackifier levels (Tacolyn 1070) from the same base polymer, HL3U. Peel strength of the polymer products using the 180° C. dynamic peel testing is provided in Table 3.
- Example 4 The polymers of Example 4 were polymerized according to the same procedures as disclosed in Example 3, except the amount of hexenediol diacrylate crosslinker is 0.2 wt. % (HL4A) (1.2 g) and 0.4 wt. % (HL4B) (2.4 g), respectively. Both crosslinked PSAs using hexenediol diacrylate as crosslinker showed unacceptably high peel strengths with adhesive failure mode similar to the results of the HL3 series in Example 3.
- HL4A 0.2 wt. %
- HL4B 0.4 wt. %
- Example 5 The polymers of Example 5 were polymerized according to the procedure described in Example 1 except that allyl glycidyl ether (0.6 g AGE for 0.1%, 1.4 g AGE for 0.25%, and 2.7 g AGE for 0.5%) was used as crosslinker.
- Sample LT5A, LT5B and LT5C are samples with different amount of crosslinker.
- the peel strength of the crosslinked PSA products using the 180° C. dynamic peel testing is provided in Table 4.
- Example 6 The polymers of Example 6 were polymerized according to the procedure described in Example 1 except that the PSAs are crosslinked with ALMA (HL6A, invention), diallyl maleate (HL6B, invention) and allyl acrylamide (HL6C, comparison). (2.89 g of crosslinker was used). ALMA crosslinker is used at the level 0.0046 mol/100 g; wt. % is 0.059%.
Abstract
A removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive composition that is particularly useful for PSA applications on plasticizer containing vinyl films is provided. The pressure sensitive adhesive comprises: (a) at least one hydrophobic monomer; (b) about 0.2 to about 10 wt. % of at least one hydrophilic monomer; (c) about 1 to about 40 wt. % of one partially hydrophilic monomer (d) an effective amount of a crosslinker selected from diallyl maleate or a compound represented by the formula:
wherein R is selected from hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and R′ is selected from vinyl, allyl, or methallyl; wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer.
Description
- This application is a continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 10/403,487, filed Mar. 31, 2003, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.
- This invention relates to removable pressure sensitive adhesives based on aqueous emulsions. The removable pressure sensitive adhesives of this invention have enhanced plasticizer resistance properties which are particularly useful for pressure sensitive adhesive applications on plasticizer containing vinyl films.
- Removable pressure sensitive adhesives are used on a variety of products including labels, tapes, films, and the like, to enable the product to adhere to a substrate and then later to be removed from the substrate without difficulty and without leaving a stain or residue. To be suitable for such applications, the pressure sensitive adhesive must have good adhesion with low initial peel strength and must not exhibit a significant increase in adhesion over time. Optimally, the pressure sensitive adhesive should exhibit such physical properties on a variety of substrates. Typical commercially available aqueous emulsion removable pressure sensitive adhesives have anchorage and removability weakness when used with plasticizer containing facestocks such as vinyl films.
- Plasticizers usually are moderately high molecular weight organic liquids, or occasionally low melting solids, which are incorporated in a material to increase its workability, flexibility, or distensibility. For example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or, as it is more commonly referred to, “vinyl”, in its unmodified form, is typically rigid. When compounded with a plasticizer, it becomes more flexible and can be used for broader applications. Plasticized vinyl typically contains 15-50% by weight of either a monomeric or polymeric plasticizer, with the monomeric plasticizers being more commonly employed. The monomeric plasticizers are of relatively low molecular weight and tend to migrate to the surface of the plasticized vinyl. When a typical pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to a plasticized vinyl film and allowed to remain in contact with it for an extended period of time, plasticizer from the vinyl tends to migrate into the pressure sensitive adhesive, softening it and causing a decrease in adhesion. Pressure sensitive adhesives that have high initial peel strength are more resistant to plasticizer, however, the resulting decreased removability is undesirable.
- Attempts have been made to solve the plasticizer migration problem by interposing an impenetrable barrier between the vinyl and the pressure sensitive adhesive (“PSA”); see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,045,600 and 4,605,592. Others have developed pressure sensitive adhesives that are said to be less susceptible to weakening by plasticizer, see U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,488. Another attempt to prevent migration of plasticizer from a plasticized vinyl substrate into a confronting pressure sensitive adhesive has been to incorporate plasticizer into the pressure sensitive adhesive, thereby minimizing the plasticizer gradient between the contacting layers; see, e.g., published European Pat. App. No. EP 150,978 A, and PCT publication no. WO 00/36043.
- Despite the limited success achieved by products of the type discussed above, there has remained a strong commercial desire for pressure sensitive adhesives that not only maintain strong anchorage to a variety of vinyl films, but also maintain good removability.
- According to this invention, a removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) is provided comprising a crosslinked aqueous emulsion polymer comprising: (a) at least one hydrophobic monomer selected from an alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms; (b) about 0.2 to about 10 wt. % of at least one hydrophilic monomer; (c) about 1 to about 40 wt. % of one partially hydrophilic monomer selected from alkyl (meth)acrylate esters of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol has 1 to 2 carbon atoms, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, or mixtures thereof; and (d) an effective amount of crosslinker selected from diallyl maleate or compounds represented by the formula:
wherein R is selected from hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and R′ is selected from vinyl (—HC═CH2), allyl (—CH2—CH═CH2), or methallyl (—C(—CH2)═CH2); wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer. - As used herein, a PSA is “removable” and “plasticizer resistant” if, when the PSA is applied to a vinyl film facestock, the PSA has an initial peel value upon removal from a substrate of less than about 0.3 pounds per inch with the failure mode being essentially adhesive failure, and maintains a peel value (after aging for 7 days at 70° C.) of less than about 0.3 pounds per inch with essentially no transfer of adhesive to the substrate.
- The invention provides aqueous emulsion PSA polymers that possess good plasticizer resistance properties and are removable. The product of this invention is particularly useful when used with plasticizer containing films such as window graphics applications, where low stable peel, non-ghosting and clean removability from glass and stainless steel are required. The pressure sensitive adhesives of the invention maintain strong anchorage to a variety of vinyl films, including films of polymers and co-polymers of vinyl chloride, and exhibit good plasticizer resistance and removability from the substrate.
- The extent of removability can be determined by measuring the force (in pounds) needed to remove an adhesive/facestock film construction from a specific test surface using a 180° C. peel angle with a constant peel rate under conditions of constant temperature and humidity. PSAs with clean removability have low initial peel values of less than about 0.3 pound per inch with failure mode being essentially adhesive failure.
- The removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive compositions of this invention comprise a crosslinked aqueous emulsion polymer comprising: (a) at least one hydrophobic monomer selected from an alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms; (b) about 0.2 to about 10 wt. % of at least one hydrophilic monomer; (c) about 1 to about 40 wt. % of one partially hydrophilic monomer selected from alkyl (meth)acrylate esters of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol has 1 to 2 carbon atoms, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, or mixtures thereof; and (d) an effective amount of a crosslinker selected from diallyl maleate or compounds represented by the formula:
wherein R is selected from hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and R′ is selected from vinyl (—HC═CH2), allyl (—CH2—CH═CH2), or methallyl (—C(—CH2)═CH2); provided that the pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer. As used herein, the phrase “pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer” means that the PSA, both as polymerized and as formulated for application to a vinyl film facestock, does not contain a plasticizer. Once applied to a vinyl facestock, the PSAs of the invention will allow the migration of a finite amount of plasticizer from the vinyl film into the PSA. - The hydrophobic monomer that can be employed according to this invention include at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms. As used herein, the term alkyl (meth)acrylate includes both alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates. The alkyl groups of the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomers are preferably linear or branched alkyl radicals having from 4 to about 14 carbon atoms, more preferably from 4 to about 10 carbon atoms, and most preferably from 4 to about 8 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates include isooctyl acrylate, 4-methyl-2-pentyl acrylate, 2-methyl-butyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isodecyl methacrylate, isononyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, and the like, singly or in mixtures of two or more. The currently preferred alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate ester monomers are 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof.
- The amount of hydrophobic monomers, based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), is from about 50 to about 90 wt. %, preferably about 60 to about 84 wt. %, and more preferably from about 70 to 80 wt. %.
- Hydrophilic monomers that can be employed according to this invention are monomers that are copolymerizable with the hydrophobic monomer and that are water soluble. The hydrophilic monomers are selected from monoolefinic monocarboxylic acids, monoolefinic dicarboxylic acids, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, or mixtures thereof.
- Examples of suitable hydrophilic monomers include, but are not limited to, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, oligomeric acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof. The currently preferred hydrophilic monomers are acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- The amount of hydrophilic monomers, based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), is from about 0.2 to about 10 wt. %, preferably about 0.2 to 5 wt. %, and more preferably about 1 to 3 wt. %.
- Partially hydrophilic monomers that can be employed according to the invention include alkyl (meth)acrylate esters of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol has 1 to 2 carbon atoms, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, or mixtures thereof. The partially hydrophilic monomers can also be referred to as partially water soluble monomers.
- Examples of suitable partially hydrophilic monomers include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof. The currently preferred partially hydrophilic monomers are ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof, with ethyl acrylate being currently most preferred.
- The amount of partially hydrophilic monomers, based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), is from about 1 to about 40 wt. %, preferably from about 10 to about 25 wt. %, and more preferably from about 12 to about 25 wt. %.
- An effective amount of the crosslinkers of the invention is used for the preparation of the removable, plasticizer resistant PSAs of the invention. In addition to the composition of monomers (a), (b) and (c) of the invention, the addition of an effective amount of the crosslinker of the invention is another critical feature of the invention. The aqueous emulsion polymer of the invention is sufficiently crosslinked such that the resulting crosslinked PSA network is sufficiently loose to allow enough plasticizer penetration to prevent plasticizer build-up at the PSA-vinyl film interface, and yet tight enough to limit the mobility of the aqueous emulsion polymer chains and prevent peel strength build-up. Consequently, the pressure sensitive adhesives of the instant invention achieve both good anchorage and clean removability from the substrates to which the PSAs are applied.
-
- Examples of suitable crosslinkers include allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, vinyl acrylate, vinyl methacrylate, methallyl acrylate, methallyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof.
- The amount of the crosslinker, based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), is about 0.2 wt. % to about 1.0 wt. %, and preferably from about 0.3 to 0.6 wt. %.
- The aqueous PSA compositions of this invention, both as polymerized and as formulated, do not contain plasticizers. Plasticizers tend to destroy adhesion to vinyl film and cause transfer failure, or migrate onto the substrate to which PSAs are applied and leave a residue of plasticizer on the substrate when the PSA is removed. It is also preferred not to include waxes in the PSA compositions of the invention.
- The process for the preparation of the removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesives of the invention utilizes at least one water-soluble polymerization initiator. Any conventional water-soluble polymerization initiator that is normally acceptable for emulsion polymerization of acrylate monomers may be used and such polymerization initiators are well known in the art. The typical concentration of water-soluble polymerization initiators is about 0.01 wt. % to about 1 wt. %, preferably about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.5 wt. %, of the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c), and (d) charged in the pre-emulsion. The water soluble polymerization initiators can be used alone or used in combination with one or more conventional reducing agents, such as bisulfites, metabisulfites, ascorbic acid, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, ferric ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, and the like. Water-soluble polymerization initiators that can be employed according to the invention include water soluble persulfates, peroxides, azo compounds and the like, and mixtures thereof. Examples of water soluble initiators include, but are not limited to, persulfates (e.g. potassium persulfate, and sodium persulfate), peroxides (e.g. hydrogen peroxide, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide), and azo compounds (e.g. 4,4′-azobis(4-cyano-pentanoic acid), V-501 from Wako Chemicals). Currently the preferred water soluble polymerization initiators are the persulfates, particularly potassium persulfate.
- The polymerization can be initiated by any conventional method known to those skilled in the art, such as by application of heat or radiation. The method of initiation will be dependent on the water-soluble polymerization initiator used and will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
- The water soluble polymerization initiator can be added to the polymerization reaction in any conventional manner known in the art. It is currently preferred to add the initiator to the initial polymerization reactor charge which comprises water. Alternatively, an initial amount of the polymerization initiator can be added to the initial reactor charge and the remainder of the initiator added continuously or incrementally during the emulsion polymerization.
- At least one surfactant is utilized in the polymerization and it is currently preferred to add the surfactant with water and the monomers to from a pre-emulsion. The pre-emulsion is then charged to the polymerization reactor and the polymerization conducted.
- The surfactants that can be employed include anionic, nonionic, cationic, or amphoteric emulsifiers and mixtures thereof. Ionic emulsifiers are currently preferred, with anionic emulsifiers being currently most preferred. Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, alkyl aryl sulfonates (e.g. sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate), alkyl sulfates (e.g. sodium dodecyl sulfate, ammonium dodecyl sulfate), sulfates of ethoxylated alcohols (e.g. sodium lauryl ether sulfate), sulfates and sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols (e.g. ammonium nonylphenol ether (EO=30) sulfate, sodium salt of alkylaryl polyether sulfonates), sulfosuccinates (e.g. sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate), diphenyl sulfonates (e.g. sodium dodecyl diphenyloxide disulfonate), and mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable nonionic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated alcohols (e.g. ethoxylated oleyl alcohol), ethoxylated alkylphenols (e.g. nonylphenol ethoxylate), and mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable cationic emulsifiers include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated fatty amines (e.g. ethoxylated tallow amine).
- The typical concentration of surfactant is based on the total weight of monomers (a), (b), (c) and (d), and is about 0.1 to about 5 wt. %, preferably about 0.5 to about 3 wt. %.
- The polymerization reaction can be conducted in any conventional reaction vessel capable of an emulsion polymerization. It can be conducted at a temperature typical for emulsion polymerizations, preferably at a temperature in the range of about 50° C. to about 95° C., most preferably in the range of about 55° C. to about 85° C.
- The polymerization time is that time needed to achieve the desired conversion based on the other reaction conditions, e.g. temperature profile, and reaction components, e.g. monomers, initiator, etc. The polymerization time will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
- Following polymerization, if the pH of the latex emulsion is not within the desired pH range of about 6 to about 9, and more preferably about 6 to about 8, the pH of the emulsion is adjusted by contacting the latex emulsion with a suitable base in an amount necessary to raise the pH to the desired pH. Examples of suitable bases for adjusting the pH of the latex emulsion include alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, ammonium hydroxide, amines, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
- The latex emulsion typically has a solids content of from about 40 to about 70 wt. %, and preferably about 55 to about 65 wt. %.
-
Material: Abbreviation/Material Information Ethyl Acrylate EA; CAS [140-88-5] Dow, Celanese, BASF Butyl Acrylate BA; CAS [141-32-2] Dow, Celanese, BASF Acrylic Acid AA; CAS [79-10-7] Celanese, BASF (glacial) Allyl Methacrylate ALMA; CAS [96-05-9] AGEFLEX AMA, Mhoromer Potassium Persulfate PPS; CAS [7727-21-1] FMC Corp Sodium Bicarbonate NaHCO3; CAS [144-55-8] Church & Dwight Aerosol NPES Ammonium salt of poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)-α- 30/30 sulfo-ω(nonylphenoxy); CAS[9051-5-4] Cytec Aerosol OT Sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate; CAS [2673-22-5] (75% active) Cytec Triton X-305 Octyl phenoxypolyethoxyethanol; CAS [9036-19-5] (70% active) Dow Trigonox AW-70 CAS [75-91-2] Akzo Nobel Parolite Zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate; CAS [24887-06-7] Cognis Corp NoFoam 1976 Defoamer; mixture of surfactants; Oil Chem Technologies Kathon LX Biocide CAS [26172-55-4], [2682-20-4] Rohm & Haas Diallyl Maleate DAM; CAS [999-21-3] ALDRICH
Peel Testing Procedure: - PSA 180° C. Angle Dynamic Peel test was conducted to determine the force (in pounds) needed to remove an adhesive/carrier film construction from a specific test surface using a 180° C. peel angle with a constant peel rate under conditions of constant temperature and humidity. Wet adhesive was coated on release liner at certain coat weight. The wet adhesive was air dried for 15 min before being placed in an oven (90° C.) for 5 min. drying. The adhesive was then transferred to a vinyl film facestock. A sample test strip of 1″×5″ was applied to a substrate, and 1 lb pressure was applied. The test strip(s) were subjected to the specified test conditions of time, temperature and humidity. [Note: Tests were at least run in duplicate.] Peel strength was determined in an Instron Test Machine (Model No. 1125) by peeling a strip from the substrate at an 180° C. angle.
- In reporting results, the mode of the peel failure is identified as follows: “a” meaning adhesive failure, i.e. adhesive entirely separates from the substrate, “c” meaning cohesive failure, i.e. the adhesive is left partially on the substrate and partially on the facestock, “t” meaning transfer failure, i.e. the adhesive is all transferred to the substrate, and “g” meaning some type of material being deposited on the surface of the test substrate but can not be classified as polymeric in nature and does not exhibit any significant degree of tack. A peel failure mode of “a” is acceptable. A peel failure mode of “c” or “t” is unacceptable as adhesive is left on the substrate. Abbreviations for peel testing conditions are identified as follows: PL(24 hr): Peel strength at 24 hours; PL(1wCTH): Peel strength after 1 week under constant temperature and humidity; PL(3d 70° C.): Peel strength after 3 days at 70° C.; PL(1w 70° C.): Peel strength after 1 week at 70° C.; PL(1w Hum): Peel strength after 1 week under constant humidity; PL(20 min): Peel strength at 20 min.; PL(20 hr): Peel strength at 20 hours; PL(4d@65° C.): Peel strength after 4 days at 65° C.; and PL(4d 70° C.): Peel strength after 4 days at 70° C.
- Materials are charged as the following. Pilot plant and lab have the same recipe, only different scale. All data, charge, and scales were taken from lab conditions.]
- The following table is lab scale charge.
Preemulsion Preemulsion Second Reactor Surfactant Monomer First Post- Material Charge Charge Charge Post-add add Total Water 262.2 141.1 5.05 408.4 Sodium 2.00 2.00 Bicarbonate Potassium 3.36 3.36 Persulfate Aerosol NPSE 16.13 16.13 30/30 Triton X-305 1.5 1.5 (70%) Aerosol OT 5.84 5.84 (75%) Acrylic Acid 12.09 12.09 Ethyl Acrylate 97.05 97.05 ALMA 3.31 3.31 Butyl Acrylate 448.3 448.3 Trigonox A-W70 0.50 0.50 (70%) Parolite 0.41 0.41 Nofoam 1976 1.16 1.16 Kathon LX 0.12 0.12 Total 267.6 164.6 560.7 7.12 0.12 1000
Polymerization Procedure: - Water and initiator PPS were charged in the polymerization kettle (2 liter reactor) and agitation began. Aerosol NPSE, Triton X-305, and Aerosol OT were premixed in a pail with water and the mixture was then added to a delay tank. The mixture was agitated in the delay tank till the surfactants are uniformly miscible with water. Under agitation, the preemulsion monomers were charged to the delay tank in the following order of addition: acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate. Monomers and surfactants were mixed together at the delay tank to form a white milky preemulsion. The reactor contents were heated to 55° C. The jacket of the reactor was heated until the reactor mixture reaches 77+/−1° C. and then the preemulsion was fed into kettle over a period of 195 minutes. During the polymerization, the reactor temperature was maintained at 82.5+/−0.5° C. At the end of the preemulsion delay charge, the reactor was held at 82° C. for 30 min. The reactor contents were then cooled to 55° C., Trigonox and Parolite were added to the reactor, and the reactor contents held for 30 min. After the post-cure period, the reactro contents were cooled to 35+/−1° C., then Nofoam 1976 defoamer and Kathon LX biocide were added to the reactor.
- The aqueous PSA polymers made according to the invention (Sample #1 and Sample #2) appear to be white viscous emulsion containing no foreign material such as insolubles, or coagulum. The total solid is from about 56% to about 60 wt. %. Peel strength of the polymer products are shown below in Table 1.
- The PSAs were formulated before testing. The following table is the PSA formulation recipe.
Material Amount Mix time (min) GME-3210 100 AMP-95 0.7 30 Aerosol OT 1.0 45 Tacolyn 1070 30 60 Acusol 830 0.1˜0.4 60 -
TABLE 1 Peel Testing Results Sample #1 Sample #2 Facestock: INTEX INTEX Coatweight: 0.68″ GF 0.72″ GF SS PL (24 hr) 0.28a 0.18a 0.175a 0.14a GL PL (24 hr) 0.16a 0.12a 0.2a 0.1a SS PL (1 wCTH) 0.25a 0.19a 0.3a 0.22a GL PL (1 wCTH) 0.245a 0.12a 0.28a 0.17a SS PL (3 d 70° C.) 0.05a 0.04a 0.03a 0.025a GL PL (3 d 70° C.) 0.04a 0.02a 0.02a 0.02a SS PL (1 w 70° C.) 0.05a 0.05a 0.05a 0.04a GL PL (1 w 70° C.) 0.06a 0.05a 0.045a 0.03a SS PL (1 w Hum) 0.17a/g 1.05c 0.015a 0.01a GL PL (1 w Hum) 0.18a/g 0.2a/g 0.025a/g 0.015a/g
Abbreviations:
SS: Stainless steel as substrate test plate
GL: Glass as substrate test plate
INTEX: PVC vinyl film INTEX Plastics Corporation
GF: PVC vinyl film from General Formulations (GF)/VPI, Geon, Renolit, HPG)
The results demonstrate that the crosslinked PSAs of the invention are removable and plasticizer resistant (acceptable peel strength and adhesive failure mode). - The polymers of Example 2 was polymerized according to the procedure described in Example 1 except that 0.4 wt. % (2.4 g) of butenediol diacrylate was used as crosslinker. The polymerization procedure and amount of reactants were the same. Both crosslinkers were used in the same mol amount as the ALMA, which is 0.026 mol in polymer correspondingly (Diallylmaleate: 5.48 g, Allylacrylamide 2.89 g).
- Three formulations, HL2A, HL2B, and HL2C, are produced with different levels of tackifier (Tacolyn 1070). Peel strength of the polymer products are provided in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Peel Strength - Butenediol Diacrylate Crosslinker PL(4 d Sample Tackifier substrate PL(20 min) PL(24 hrs) @65° C.) HL2A 0 SS 1.25a 1.77a 1.72t 0 Glass 1.16a 1.22a 1.5t HL2B 5% SS 1.72a 2.28a 1.7t 5% Glass 1.5a 1.89a 1.35a HL2C 15% SS 2.06a 2.67a 1.73 70% t 15% Glass 1.65a 2.28a 1.35a - The results demonstrate that the crosslinked PSAs using butenediol diacrylate as crosslinker are not removable (Peel Strength>0.3 pound/inch).
- The polymers of Example 3 were prepared according to the same procedure as described in Example 2, except 0.08 wt. % of hexenediol diacrylate (0.48 g) was used as the crosslinker. Four formulations (HL3A-D) were made at different tackifier levels (Tacolyn 1070) from the same base polymer, HL3U. Peel strength of the polymer products using the 180° C. dynamic peel testing is provided in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Peel Strength - Hexenediol Diacrylate Crosslinker PL(4 day Sample Tackifier substrate PL(20 min) PL(24 hrs) @65° C.) HL3A 10% SS 3.85a 5.1a 5.8a 10% Glass 4.37a 4.61a 6.13a HL3B 20% SS 3.98a 5.17a 5.91a 20% Glass 4.61a 5.02a 6.36a HL3C 30% SS 4.24a 5.54a 6.22a 30% Glass 4.58a 4.47a 6.67a HL3D 40% SS 4.54a 4.91a 6.87a 40% Glass 5.04a 4.6a 6.12a - The results demonstrate that the crosslinked PSAs using hexenediol diacrylate as crosslinker are not removable.
- The polymers of Example 4 were polymerized according to the same procedures as disclosed in Example 3, except the amount of hexenediol diacrylate crosslinker is 0.2 wt. % (HL4A) (1.2 g) and 0.4 wt. % (HL4B) (2.4 g), respectively. Both crosslinked PSAs using hexenediol diacrylate as crosslinker showed unacceptably high peel strengths with adhesive failure mode similar to the results of the HL3 series in Example 3.
- The polymers of Example 5 were polymerized according to the procedure described in Example 1 except that allyl glycidyl ether (0.6 g AGE for 0.1%, 1.4 g AGE for 0.25%, and 2.7 g AGE for 0.5%) was used as crosslinker. Sample LT5A, LT5B and LT5C are samples with different amount of crosslinker. The peel strength of the crosslinked PSA products using the 180° C. dynamic peel testing is provided in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Peel Strength of Polymers PL PL PL SAMPLE AGE % SUBSTRATE (20 hr) (24 hr) (70° C./4 days) LT5A 0.1 SS 2.0c 3.2c 4.1t 0.1 Glass 1.5a/c 2.1a/c 3.2t LT5B 0.25 SS 0.9a/t 2.4c/t 3.8c/t 0.25 Glass 0.8a/t 2.2c/t 3.0c/t LT5C 0.5 SS 0.7a/t 1.8c/t 3.4c/t 0.5 Glass 0.6a 1.2c/t 2.7c/t
*Facestock: PVC film
- Results demonstrate the crosslinked PSA using allyl glycidyl ether are not removable with high peel strength and unacceptable failure mode.
- The polymers of Example 6 were polymerized according to the procedure described in Example 1 except that the PSAs are crosslinked with ALMA (HL6A, invention), diallyl maleate (HL6B, invention) and allyl acrylamide (HL6C, comparison). (2.89 g of crosslinker was used). ALMA crosslinker is used at the level 0.0046 mol/100 g; wt. % is 0.059%.
TABLE 5 Peel Strength of Polymers Peel test conditions PVC film INTEX PVC film GF Substrate sample HL6A HL6B HL6C HL6A HL6B HL6C coatweight 0.72 0.67 0.65 0.72 0.67 0.65 SS PL (24 hr) 0.06a 0.13a 1.8a 0.05a 0.025a 1.81a GL 0.06a 0.06a 1.62a 0.05a 0.05a 0.58a SS PL 0.12a 0.2a 1.58a 0.18a 0.19a 1.79a (1 week CTH) GL 0.145a 0.14a 1.75a 0.13a 0.07a 1.39a SS PL 0.08 15% t 0.03a/g 0.16t 0.09a 0.02a/g 0.085a/g (1 week 70° C.) 0.08a GL 0.08 15% t 0.02a/g 0.135a/g 0.06a 0.025a/g 0.09a/g 0.06a 40% t - The experimental results demonstrate that crosslinked PSA polymers prepared using diallyl maleate and allyl methacrylate as crosslinkers are removable from test plate (substrate). PSA samples prepared using allyl acrylamide as crosslinker show unacceptably high peel strength and/or unacceptable adhesive failure mode.
Claims (9)
1. A removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising a crosslinked aqueous emulsion polymer comprising:
(a) at least one hydrophobic monomer selected from an alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms;
(b) about 0.2 to about 10 wt. % of at least one hydrophilic monomer; and
(c) about 1 to about 40 wt. % of one partially hydrophilic monomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl (meth)acrylate esters of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol has 1 to 2 carbon atoms, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof; and
(d) an effective amount of a crosslinker selected from the group consisting of diallyl maleate and compounds represented by the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, and ethyl, and R′ is selected from the group consisting of vinyl (—HC═CH2), allyl (—CH2—CH═CH2), and methallyl (—C(—CH2)═CH2);
wherein said pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer,
and wherein said removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive has an initial peel strength of less than about 0.3 pounds per inch peel force.
2-18. (canceled)
19. A removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising a crosslinked aqueous emulsion polymer comprising:
(a) at least one hydrophobic monomer selected from an alkyl (meth)acrylate ester of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol is linear or branched and contains at least 4 carbon atoms;
(b) about 0.2 to about 10 wt. % of at least one hydrophilic monomer; and
(c) about 1 to about 40 wt. % of one partially hydrophilic monomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl (meth)acrylate esters of an alcohol wherein the alkyl portion of the alcohol has 1 to 2 carbon atoms, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof; and
(d) an effective amount of a crosslinker selected from the group consisting of diallyl maleate and compounds represented by the formula:
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, and ethyl, and R′ is selected from the group consisting of vinyl (—HC═CH2), allyl (—CH2—CH═CH2), and methallyl (—C(—CH2)═CH2);
wherein said pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer,
and wherein said removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive has an initial peel strength of less than about 0.3 pounds per inch peel force;
and wherein the amount of said crosslinker is from about 0.2 to about 1.0 wt. %.
20. The composition of claim 19 wherein said crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, vinyl acrylate, vinyl methacrylate, methallyl acrylate, methallyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
21-22. (canceled)
23. A removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive comprising a crosslinked aqueous emulsion polymer comprising:
(a) from about 70 to about 80 wt. % amount of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, or mixtures thereof;
(b) from about 1 to about 3 wt. % of acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, or mixtures thereof;
(c) from about 12 to about 25 wt. % of ethyl acrylate; and
(d) from about 0.3% to about 0.6 wt. % of diallyl maleate, allyl methacrylate, allyl acrylate or mixtures thereof;
wherein said pressure sensitive adhesive does not contain a plasticizer,
and wherein said removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive has an initial peel strength of less than about 0.3 pounds per inch peel force.
24. A label prepared from a removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive of claim 1 .
25. A tape prepared from a removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive of claim 1 .
26. A film prepared from a removable, plasticizer resistant pressure sensitive adhesive of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/202,500 US20060036027A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2005-08-12 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/403,487 US6995207B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2003-03-31 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
US11/202,500 US20060036027A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2005-08-12 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/403,487 Continuation US6995207B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2003-03-31 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060036027A1 true US20060036027A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
Family
ID=32989947
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/403,487 Expired - Fee Related US6995207B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2003-03-31 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
US10/550,393 Abandoned US20060155050A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-30 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
US11/202,500 Abandoned US20060036027A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2005-08-12 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/403,487 Expired - Fee Related US6995207B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2003-03-31 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
US10/550,393 Abandoned US20060155050A1 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-30 | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6995207B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1611218A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006524741A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20060029600A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100370000C (en) |
CA (1) | CA2521004A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004092295A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060155050A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-07-13 | Augustin Chen | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
US20110014465A1 (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-01-20 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Acrylic Pressure Sensitive Adhesive And Method Of Preparing The Same |
US11795348B2 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2023-10-24 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Adhesive composition and protective film produced using same |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MX2007008258A (en) | 2005-01-10 | 2007-08-22 | Avery Dennison Corp | Removable curl labels. |
CN101563432B (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2014-12-03 | 艾利丹尼森公司 | Emulsion adhesive for washable film |
CN102449089A (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2012-05-09 | 艾利丹尼森公司 | Removable adhesive label containing inherently shrinkable polymeric film |
RU2011143933A (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2013-05-10 | Авери Деннисон Корпорейшн | REMOVABLE SELF-ADHESIVE LABEL, INCLUDING A LAYER OF A POLYMER FILM WITH A HIGH ELASTIC MODULE AT TENSION |
ES2622956T3 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2017-07-10 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Removable adhesive label containing a polymeric film layer that has an affinity for water |
TWI477395B (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2015-03-21 | Rohm & Haas | Pvc structures for adhesive applications |
KR101253592B1 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-04-23 | 임성식 | Label sticker for syringes and the method thereof |
US9475967B2 (en) | 2013-04-15 | 2016-10-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Adhesives comprising crosslinker with (meth)acrylate group and olefin group and methods |
WO2015157350A1 (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Adhesives comprising (meth)allyl crosslinker and methods |
US10100237B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2018-10-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Acrylate adhesive with vinylsilane crosslinking agents |
WO2016040773A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Allyl acrylate crosslinkers for psas |
FR3057801B1 (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2020-12-25 | Gerflor | REPOSITIONABLE FLOORING |
KR102136705B1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2020-07-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Two part adhecive composition |
WO2021049856A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Preparation method of acrylate based adhesive composition |
CN113930205B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-08-15 | 广州集泰化工股份有限公司 | Sealant for refrigerated container |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4814514A (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1989-03-21 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Surface active compounds having a polymerizable moiety |
US5286843A (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1994-02-15 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for improving water-whitening resistance of pressure sensitive adhesives |
US5332854A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1994-07-26 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Surfactant |
US5420195A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1995-05-30 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Water resistant, removable acrylic emulsion pressure sensitive adhesive |
US5496603A (en) * | 1992-02-03 | 1996-03-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods |
US5620798A (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1997-04-15 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Aluminum stabilized superconductor supported by aluminum alloy sheath |
US5928783A (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-07-27 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Pressure sensitive adhesive compositions |
US6013722A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2000-01-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Non-whitening emulsion pressure sensitive adhesives |
US6190767B1 (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 2001-02-20 | Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Aqueous emulsion for pressure-sensitive adhesive and process for the preparation thereof |
US6239240B1 (en) * | 1997-01-28 | 2001-05-29 | Stepan Company | Emulsion polymerization process utilizing ethylenically unsaturated amine salts of sulfonic, phosphoric and carboxylic acids |
US20020037956A1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-03-28 | Avramidis Kostas Savvas | Latex polymers with good adhesion and surface tack over green cement |
US6586510B1 (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2003-07-01 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Removable emulsion pressure-sensitive adhesives |
US6646041B2 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-11-11 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Aqueous dispersion of addition polymer particles |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3319240A1 (en) * | 1983-05-27 | 1984-11-29 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | ADHESIVE ADHESIVE DISPERSIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SELF-ADHESIVE ARTICLES, e.g. WITH POLYOLEFINIC CARRIERS |
JP2596441B2 (en) | 1987-06-25 | 1997-04-02 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Emulsifier for aqueous resin dispersion |
US5202375A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1993-04-13 | Rohm And Haas Company | Water-resistant polymeric emulsions |
JPH0665551A (en) | 1992-08-21 | 1994-03-08 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesive composition |
JPH07278233A (en) * | 1994-04-13 | 1995-10-24 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Production of acrylic emulsion self-adhesive, acrylic emulsion self-adhesive, self-adhesive tape, or sheet and surface protective material |
ATE238401T1 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 2003-05-15 | Avery Dennison Corp | METHOD FOR PRODUCING HOT-WHITE TAMPER-RESISTANT PRESSURE-SENSITIVE EMULSION ADHESIVES |
JP3358437B2 (en) | 1996-04-15 | 2002-12-16 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | Water-based pressure-sensitive adhesive |
FR2751974B1 (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-09-18 | Atochem Elf Sa | PRESSURE SENSITIVE ADHESIVE POLYMERS |
WO1998044066A1 (en) | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-08 | Kao Corporation | Pressure-sensitive adhesive |
BR0009736B1 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2011-05-03 | pressure sensitive adhesive, process for preparing an aqueous latex emulsion, laminate, and aqueous latex emulsion. | |
AU776960B2 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2004-09-30 | Rohm And Haas Company | Pressure sensitive adhesive with improved peel strength and tack |
JP5135494B2 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2013-02-06 | 綜研化学株式会社 | Acrylic adhesive tape and method for producing the same |
ATE435899T1 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2009-07-15 | Ashland Licensing & Intellectu | HAZE-FREE PRINTING ADHESIVE AND PRODUCTION THEREOF |
US20020016406A1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-02-07 | Chen Augustin T. | Adhesive compositions |
CA2390952C (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2006-07-11 | Rohm And Haas Company | Compositions and process for retaining active ingredients comprising networked structured polymers |
US6964991B2 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2005-11-15 | Surf Chip, Inc. | Process for improving water-whitening resistance of pressure sensitive adhesives |
US6995207B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-02-07 | Chen Augustin T | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
-
2003
- 2003-03-31 US US10/403,487 patent/US6995207B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-03-30 US US10/550,393 patent/US20060155050A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-30 CA CA 2521004 patent/CA2521004A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-30 EP EP20040759069 patent/EP1611218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-30 WO PCT/US2004/009724 patent/WO2004092295A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-03-30 CN CNB2004800087033A patent/CN100370000C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-30 KR KR1020057018482A patent/KR20060029600A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-03-30 JP JP2006509483A patent/JP2006524741A/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-08-12 US US11/202,500 patent/US20060036027A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4814514A (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1989-03-21 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Surface active compounds having a polymerizable moiety |
US5332854A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1994-07-26 | Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Surfactant |
US5420195A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1995-05-30 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Water resistant, removable acrylic emulsion pressure sensitive adhesive |
US5496603A (en) * | 1992-02-03 | 1996-03-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods |
US5286843A (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1994-02-15 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for improving water-whitening resistance of pressure sensitive adhesives |
US5620798A (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1997-04-15 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Aluminum stabilized superconductor supported by aluminum alloy sheath |
US6190767B1 (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 2001-02-20 | Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Aqueous emulsion for pressure-sensitive adhesive and process for the preparation thereof |
US6239240B1 (en) * | 1997-01-28 | 2001-05-29 | Stepan Company | Emulsion polymerization process utilizing ethylenically unsaturated amine salts of sulfonic, phosphoric and carboxylic acids |
US6013722A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2000-01-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Non-whitening emulsion pressure sensitive adhesives |
US5928783A (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-07-27 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Pressure sensitive adhesive compositions |
US6586510B1 (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2003-07-01 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Removable emulsion pressure-sensitive adhesives |
US20020037956A1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-03-28 | Avramidis Kostas Savvas | Latex polymers with good adhesion and surface tack over green cement |
US6646041B2 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-11-11 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Aqueous dispersion of addition polymer particles |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060155050A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-07-13 | Augustin Chen | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties |
US20110014465A1 (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-01-20 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Acrylic Pressure Sensitive Adhesive And Method Of Preparing The Same |
US8822028B2 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2014-09-02 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive and method of preparing the same |
US11795348B2 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2023-10-24 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Adhesive composition and protective film produced using same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2521004A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
US6995207B2 (en) | 2006-02-07 |
JP2006524741A (en) | 2006-11-02 |
KR20060029600A (en) | 2006-04-06 |
CN100370000C (en) | 2008-02-20 |
US20060155050A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
EP1611218A1 (en) | 2006-01-04 |
WO2004092295A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
US20040192831A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
CN1791651A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20060036027A1 (en) | Removable pressure sensitive adhesives with plasticizer resistance properties | |
US4983656A (en) | Aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesive | |
EP0224795B1 (en) | Removable pressure sensitive adhesive | |
CA2317773C (en) | Non-whitening emulsion pressure sensitive adhesives | |
US8420214B2 (en) | Acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives with aziridine crosslinking agents | |
CA1156776A (en) | Surfactant free process for production of pressure sensitive adhesive latexes | |
US6254985B1 (en) | Pressure-sensitive adhesives | |
US20060036019A1 (en) | Adhesive compositions | |
EP1935953B1 (en) | Emulsion based polymer adhesive | |
US7339002B2 (en) | Removable, water-whitening resistant pressure sensitive adhesives | |
US5939479A (en) | Removable and guillotinable emulsion pressure-sensitive adhesives | |
US20130202886A1 (en) | Aqueous polymer dispersion suitable for application as tackifier for adhesives and preparable by emulsion polymerization based on c1 to c20 alkyl (meth)acrylates | |
US6620870B1 (en) | Contact bonding adhesives | |
EP1242555B1 (en) | Dissolvable pressure-sensitive adhesives | |
US6414087B1 (en) | Process for preparing an aqueous polymer dispersion for redetachable pressure sensitive adhesive films | |
US6838143B2 (en) | Peelable protective film | |
US20200181462A1 (en) | Water-based pressure sensitive adhesive compositions and methods of making same | |
JPS6336358B2 (en) | ||
JPH07150125A (en) | Water-based pressure-sensitive adhesive composition | |
JPH04298585A (en) | Re-releasing pressure-sensitive adhesive composition capable of transfer coating | |
KR20150012418A (en) | Acrylic Emulsion Pressure Sensitive Adhesive And Method For Preparing The Same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |