US20060002449A1 - Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface - Google Patents
Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060002449A1 US20060002449A1 US11/174,707 US17470705A US2006002449A1 US 20060002449 A1 US20060002449 A1 US 20060002449A1 US 17470705 A US17470705 A US 17470705A US 2006002449 A1 US2006002449 A1 US 2006002449A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- container
- sensor
- protective sheath
- temperature measuring
- container according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
- G01K1/12—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing damage due to heat overloading
- G01K1/125—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing damage due to heat overloading for siderurgical use
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/003—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the level of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
- G01K1/10—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing chemical attack
- G01K1/105—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing chemical attack for siderurgical use
Definitions
- the invention relates to a container for molten metals with a temperature measuring device arranged in an opening of a container wall, wherein the temperature measuring device has a protective sheath, which projects into the container and which is closed at its end arranged in the container, and a temperature measuring element arranged in an opening of the protective sheath.
- the invention relates to the use of the container, as well as to a method for determining an interface between two materials arranged one above the other in a container, particularly between a slag layer and underlying steel melts.
- thermocouple in a wall of a steel ladle.
- the thermocouple is arranged in a steel tube, which is surrounded by a ceramic protective layer.
- German Patent DE 1 054 735 discloses a smelting crucible for metals, in whose side wall a temperature sensor is inserted.
- the temperature sensor has a protective tube made of a metal-ceramic material, such as molybdenum and aluminum oxide.
- the protective tube projects with its tip approximately 25 mm into the side of the smelting space.
- thermocouple for molten iron, in whose side wall a thermocouple is arranged.
- the thermocouple is protected by a conical protective sheath made of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide.
- a similar container is known from European Patent EP 314 807 B1. Also in this container, a thermocouple is led through the wall into the interior of the container.
- the thermocouple is protected by an aluminum oxide tube which, in turn, is surrounded by a boron nitride protective sheath in the interior of the container.
- the invention is based on the problem of improving a container for molten metals, such that the temperature of the melt located therein can be measured as accurately as possible over a longer time period.
- the invention is further based on the problem of further improving the known method for determining the interface level.
- a container for molten metal with a temperature measuring device arranged in an opening of a container wall, wherein the temperature measuring device has a protective sheath, which projects into the container and which is closed on its end arranged in the container, and a temperature measuring element arranged in an opening of the protective sheath, characterized in that the protective sheath comprises a mixture of a heat-resistant metal oxide and graphite and that the closed end is spaced at least 50 mm from the container wall.
- the container characterized above has a protective sheath made of a heat-resistant metal oxide and graphite, and because the closed end of the protective sheath is spaced at least 50 mm, preferably approximately 75 to 200 mm, from the container wall, the actual temperature of the molten metal can be measured without cooling effects, possibly coming from the crucible wall, influencing the measurement values.
- the protective sheath is sufficiently resistant to aggressive molten metal, particularly molten steel, and thus is suitable for long-term use.
- the temperature measuring element with the protective sheath can preferably be arranged in the base (floor) of the container, so that it can also be used for measurements with low filling levels.
- the protective sheath preferably consists essentially of aluminum oxide and graphite, wherein aluminum oxide can comprise particularly a portion of approximately 20 to approximately 80 wt. % and graphite a portion of approximately 5 to approximately 60 wt. %.
- the protective sheath can also contain carbon in a different form than graphite and/or other refractory oxides.
- the temperature measuring element preferably a thermocouple
- a protective tube which is preferably formed of aluminum oxide. It is beneficial if the outer diameter of the protective tube is approximately 0.1 to 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the opening of the protective sheath.
- the protective sheath can have, at least in one part of its length, an outer conical form with a diameter becoming smaller towards the interior of the container, in order to enable secure mounting in the container wall and sufficient stability of the protective sheath.
- a sensor projecting into the interior of the container is arranged on the protective sheath for determining a change in material or a change of material properties, particularly an electrochemical, electromagnetic, or optical sensor or a sensor for detecting an electrical voltage and/or an electrical current and/or an electrical resistance. In this manner, interface measurements become possible between the molten metal, particularly the molten steel, and the above-lying slag.
- a bushing made of refractory material preferably made of mullite, is arranged in the opening of the container wall between the container wall and the protective sheath, wherein the bushing can have a conical shape with a diameter becoming smaller towards the interior of the container.
- the container can be used as a foundry ladle, particularly for molten steel.
- the molten metal is always moving in a foundry ladle, a so-called tundish, so that a particularly high stability is required for the measuring device projecting relatively far into the container.
- the foundry ladle is typically pre-heated, so that the measuring device is also pre-heated. This leads to very short reaction times, so that the temperature measuring device very quickly reaches its equilibrium temperature with the melt, and the measurement can be performed very quickly.
- a sensor for determining a change in material or a change of material properties particularly an electrochemical, electromagnetic, or optical sensor or a sensor for detecting an electrical voltage and/or an electrical current and/or an electrical resistance is arranged within the lower material contained in the container.
- the measurement signal of the electrochemical sensor is measured during the pouring out or outflow of the material from the container, and a change in the signal is established when the sensor contacts the interface between the materials.
- the signal change is associated with the distance of the interface from the floor of the container.
- the measurement signal is simultaneously used to send a signal to the device controlling the pouring or outflow process, on the basis of which the pouring or outflow process is terminated.
- the device Despite the relatively large length by which the protective sheath projects into the melt, the device has sufficient stability, so that a measurement of the temperature of the molten metal and a measurement of the position of the interface between the molten metal and the above-lying slag is possible.
- FIG. 1 is a view of a longitudinal cross section through the temperature measuring device, according to an embodiment of the invention, arranged in the container wall;
- FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal view of the closed end of the temperature measuring device with electrochemical sensor, according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the measuring device has a bushing 1 made of mullite. This is arranged in the floor of a foundry ladle for molten steel, which is not shown for reasons of clarity. Such foundry ladles are known in expert circles, for example from the already mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 6,309,442 B1 (cf. FIG. 1 , numeral 16 ).
- the protective sheath 2 is arranged in the bushing 1 .
- the protective sheath 2 consists essentially of a mixture of aluminum oxide and graphite.
- the protective sheath 2 has a conical profile at least in the part arranged in the bushing 1 . This enables easier removal from the bushing 1 for exchanging the protective sheath 2 with the temperature measuring element 3 .
- the temperature measuring element 3 is surrounded by a closed aluminum oxide tube 4 within the protective sheath 2 .
- the protective sheath 2 is fixed into the bushing 1 by refractory cement 5 .
- the tip of the protective sheath 2 projects approximately 120 mm into the foundry ladle, so that the measurement performed at the tip of the temperature measuring element 3 remains uninfluenced by wall effects of the foundry ladle.
- the end of the temperature measuring element 3 facing away from the interior of the foundry ladle has a so-called connector 6 , which serves as the mechanical and electrical contact with the measuring element 3 .
- the entire arrangement made of the mullite of the bushing 1 and the protective sheath 2 fixed by the cement 5 comprises a dense, powder-free material, so that there is no leakage in case a break of one part of the arrangement occurs, and molten metal cannot escape from the foundry ladle.
- FIG. 2 shows the tip of the protective sheath 2 , which projects into the foundry ladle, with the temperature measuring element 3 and an electrochemical sensor 7 .
- the electrochemical sensor 7 projects out of the protective sheath 2 and is fixed with refractory cement 8 .
- the aluminum oxide tube 4 is also fixed in the refractory cement 8 .
- the electrochemical sensor is a typical electrochemical sensor having a zirconium dioxide tube 9 as solid electrolyte material, in which the reference electrode 10 is arranged in a reference material 11 and a filling material 12 .
- Such electrochemical sensors are known in principle, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 4,342,633.
- the temperature measuring element 3 is formed from a thermocouple, wherein the outer sheath comprises aluminum oxide, and one of the two thermal wires 13 extends into an aluminum oxide tube 14 that is open on both sides. All of the electrical lines lead through the aluminum oxide tube 4 into the connector 6 and can be further connected there to a measuring device.
- the voltage generated by the electrochemical sensor 7 essentially depends on the measurement environment. Therefore, a change in voltage occurs immediately as soon as this environment changes. This is the case, for example, when the liquid level of the molten steel located in the foundry ladle falls and the electrochemical sensor 7 comes into contact with the slag layer arranged above the melt. Therefore, an exact determination of the height of this interface between the molten steel and slag above the floor of the foundry ladle is possible. As soon as the electrochemical sensor 7 detects the interface, for example by another signal, the outflow of the molten steel from the foundry ladle can be terminated by closing the outlet.
- electrochemical sensors 7 it is also possible to arrange several electrochemical sensors 7 over the periphery of the protective sheath 2 spaced in the longitudinal direction, so that the change of the bath level of the molten metal can also be established.
- electrochemical sensor other sensors can also be used for establishing the change of the material properties in the interface region of the molten steel and slag, particularly electrochemical, electromagnetic, or optical sensors or sensors for detecting an electrical voltage and/or an electrical current and/or an electrical resistance.
Abstract
A container for molten metal is provided with a temperature measuring device arranged in an opening of a container wall. The temperature measuring device has a protective sheath, which projects into the container and which is closed at its end arranged in the container. A temperature measuring element is arranged in an opening of the protective sheath. The protective sheath is composed of a mixture of a heat-resistant metal oxide and graphite, and the closed end is spaced at least 50 mm from the container wall.
Description
- The invention relates to a container for molten metals with a temperature measuring device arranged in an opening of a container wall, wherein the temperature measuring device has a protective sheath, which projects into the container and which is closed at its end arranged in the container, and a temperature measuring element arranged in an opening of the protective sheath. In addition, the invention relates to the use of the container, as well as to a method for determining an interface between two materials arranged one above the other in a container, particularly between a slag layer and underlying steel melts.
- Such containers are known from the prior art. For example, it is known from German Utility Model GM 72 28 088 to arrange a thermocouple in a wall of a steel ladle. The thermocouple is arranged in a steel tube, which is surrounded by a ceramic protective layer.
German Patent DE 1 054 735 discloses a smelting crucible for metals, in whose side wall a temperature sensor is inserted. The temperature sensor has a protective tube made of a metal-ceramic material, such as molybdenum and aluminum oxide. The protective tube projects with its tip approximately 25 mm into the side of the smelting space. U.S. Pat. No. 3,610,045 discloses a smelting crucible for molten iron, in whose side wall a thermocouple is arranged. The thermocouple is protected by a conical protective sheath made of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide. A similar container is known from European Patent EP 314 807 B1. Also in this container, a thermocouple is led through the wall into the interior of the container. The thermocouple is protected by an aluminum oxide tube which, in turn, is surrounded by a boron nitride protective sheath in the interior of the container. - From U.S. Pat. No. 6,309,442 B1 a container for molten metals is known, on whose inner side contacts made of zirconium dioxide or thorium dioxide are arranged one above the other, in order to measure the level of the interface between the molten metal and the slag.
- The invention is based on the problem of improving a container for molten metals, such that the temperature of the melt located therein can be measured as accurately as possible over a longer time period. The invention is further based on the problem of further improving the known method for determining the interface level.
- According to the invention, the problem is solved by a container for molten metal with a temperature measuring device arranged in an opening of a container wall, wherein the temperature measuring device has a protective sheath, which projects into the container and which is closed on its end arranged in the container, and a temperature measuring element arranged in an opening of the protective sheath, characterized in that the protective sheath comprises a mixture of a heat-resistant metal oxide and graphite and that the closed end is spaced at least 50 mm from the container wall.
- Therefore, because the container characterized above has a protective sheath made of a heat-resistant metal oxide and graphite, and because the closed end of the protective sheath is spaced at least 50 mm, preferably approximately 75 to 200 mm, from the container wall, the actual temperature of the molten metal can be measured without cooling effects, possibly coming from the crucible wall, influencing the measurement values. At the same time, the protective sheath is sufficiently resistant to aggressive molten metal, particularly molten steel, and thus is suitable for long-term use.
- The temperature measuring element with the protective sheath can preferably be arranged in the base (floor) of the container, so that it can also be used for measurements with low filling levels. The protective sheath preferably consists essentially of aluminum oxide and graphite, wherein aluminum oxide can comprise particularly a portion of approximately 20 to approximately 80 wt. % and graphite a portion of approximately 5 to approximately 60 wt. %. The protective sheath can also contain carbon in a different form than graphite and/or other refractory oxides.
- Within the protective sheath, it is beneficial if the temperature measuring element, preferably a thermocouple, is surrounded by a protective tube, which is preferably formed of aluminum oxide. It is beneficial if the outer diameter of the protective tube is approximately 0.1 to 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the opening of the protective sheath. The protective sheath can have, at least in one part of its length, an outer conical form with a diameter becoming smaller towards the interior of the container, in order to enable secure mounting in the container wall and sufficient stability of the protective sheath.
- Furthermore, it can be beneficial if a sensor projecting into the interior of the container is arranged on the protective sheath for determining a change in material or a change of material properties, particularly an electrochemical, electromagnetic, or optical sensor or a sensor for detecting an electrical voltage and/or an electrical current and/or an electrical resistance. In this manner, interface measurements become possible between the molten metal, particularly the molten steel, and the above-lying slag.
- As soon as the sensor touches the interface, the signal picked up by the sensor changes and thus indicates that the interface has been reached. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if a bushing made of refractory material, preferably made of mullite, is arranged in the opening of the container wall between the container wall and the protective sheath, wherein the bushing can have a conical shape with a diameter becoming smaller towards the interior of the container.
- According to the invention, the container can be used as a foundry ladle, particularly for molten steel. The molten metal is always moving in a foundry ladle, a so-called tundish, so that a particularly high stability is required for the measuring device projecting relatively far into the container. The foundry ladle is typically pre-heated, so that the measuring device is also pre-heated. This leads to very short reaction times, so that the temperature measuring device very quickly reaches its equilibrium temperature with the melt, and the measurement can be performed very quickly.
- The problem is solved for the method characterized at the outset in that a sensor for determining a change in material or a change of material properties, particularly an electrochemical, electromagnetic, or optical sensor or a sensor for detecting an electrical voltage and/or an electrical current and/or an electrical resistance is arranged within the lower material contained in the container. The measurement signal of the electrochemical sensor is measured during the pouring out or outflow of the material from the container, and a change in the signal is established when the sensor contacts the interface between the materials. Preferably, the signal change is associated with the distance of the interface from the floor of the container. In addition, it can be beneficial if the pouring or outflow process is ended when the signal changes. For this purpose, the measurement signal is simultaneously used to send a signal to the device controlling the pouring or outflow process, on the basis of which the pouring or outflow process is terminated.
- Despite the relatively large length by which the protective sheath projects into the melt, the device has sufficient stability, so that a measurement of the temperature of the molten metal and a measurement of the position of the interface between the molten metal and the above-lying slag is possible.
- The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of the invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there are shown in the drawings embodiments which are presently preferred. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. In the drawings:
-
FIG. 1 is a view of a longitudinal cross section through the temperature measuring device, according to an embodiment of the invention, arranged in the container wall; and -
FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal view of the closed end of the temperature measuring device with electrochemical sensor, according to an embodiment of the invention. - The measuring device according to one embodiment of the invention has a bushing 1 made of mullite. This is arranged in the floor of a foundry ladle for molten steel, which is not shown for reasons of clarity. Such foundry ladles are known in expert circles, for example from the already mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 6,309,442 B1 (cf.
FIG. 1 , numeral 16). Theprotective sheath 2 is arranged in thebushing 1. Theprotective sheath 2 consists essentially of a mixture of aluminum oxide and graphite. Theprotective sheath 2 has a conical profile at least in the part arranged in thebushing 1. This enables easier removal from thebushing 1 for exchanging theprotective sheath 2 with thetemperature measuring element 3. The temperature measuringelement 3 is surrounded by a closedaluminum oxide tube 4 within theprotective sheath 2. - The
protective sheath 2 is fixed into the bushing 1 byrefractory cement 5. The tip of theprotective sheath 2 projects approximately 120 mm into the foundry ladle, so that the measurement performed at the tip of thetemperature measuring element 3 remains uninfluenced by wall effects of the foundry ladle. The end of thetemperature measuring element 3 facing away from the interior of the foundry ladle has a so-calledconnector 6, which serves as the mechanical and electrical contact with the measuringelement 3. The entire arrangement made of the mullite of thebushing 1 and theprotective sheath 2 fixed by thecement 5 comprises a dense, powder-free material, so that there is no leakage in case a break of one part of the arrangement occurs, and molten metal cannot escape from the foundry ladle. -
FIG. 2 shows the tip of theprotective sheath 2, which projects into the foundry ladle, with thetemperature measuring element 3 and anelectrochemical sensor 7. Theelectrochemical sensor 7 projects out of theprotective sheath 2 and is fixed withrefractory cement 8. Thealuminum oxide tube 4 is also fixed in therefractory cement 8. The electrochemical sensor is a typical electrochemical sensor having a zirconium dioxide tube 9 as solid electrolyte material, in which thereference electrode 10 is arranged in areference material 11 and a fillingmaterial 12. Such electrochemical sensors are known in principle, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 4,342,633. - The
temperature measuring element 3 is formed from a thermocouple, wherein the outer sheath comprises aluminum oxide, and one of the twothermal wires 13 extends into analuminum oxide tube 14 that is open on both sides. All of the electrical lines lead through thealuminum oxide tube 4 into theconnector 6 and can be further connected there to a measuring device. - The voltage generated by the
electrochemical sensor 7 essentially depends on the measurement environment. Therefore, a change in voltage occurs immediately as soon as this environment changes. This is the case, for example, when the liquid level of the molten steel located in the foundry ladle falls and theelectrochemical sensor 7 comes into contact with the slag layer arranged above the melt. Therefore, an exact determination of the height of this interface between the molten steel and slag above the floor of the foundry ladle is possible. As soon as theelectrochemical sensor 7 detects the interface, for example by another signal, the outflow of the molten steel from the foundry ladle can be terminated by closing the outlet. - Fundamentally, it is also possible to arrange several
electrochemical sensors 7 over the periphery of theprotective sheath 2 spaced in the longitudinal direction, so that the change of the bath level of the molten metal can also be established. Instead of an electrochemical sensor, other sensors can also be used for establishing the change of the material properties in the interface region of the molten steel and slag, particularly electrochemical, electromagnetic, or optical sensors or sensors for detecting an electrical voltage and/or an electrical current and/or an electrical resistance. - It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the broad inventive concept thereof. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (19)
1. A container for molten metal comprising a temperature measuring device arranged in an opening of the container wall, wherein the temperature measuring device has a protective sheath, which projects into the container and which is closed on its end arranged in the container, and a temperature measuring element arranged in an opening of the protective sheath, wherein the protective sheath comprises a mixture of a heat-resistant metal oxide and graphite, and wherein the closed end is spaced at least 50 mm from the container wall.
2. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the closed end is spaced approximately 75 to 200 mm from the container wall.
3. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature measuring device is arranged in a part of the container wall forming a floor of the container.
4. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the protective sheath consists essentially of aluminum oxide.
5. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the protective sheath consists essentially of aluminum oxide with a portion of approximately 20 to approximately 80 wt. % and graphite with a portion of approximately 5 to approximately 60 wt. %.
6. The container according to claim 1 , wherein a protective tube is arranged in the protective sheath.
7. The container according to claim 6 , wherein the protective tube comprises aluminum oxide and surrounds the temperature measuring element,
8. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the protective sheath has at least on one part of its length an outer conical form with a diameter becoming smaller toward an interior of the container.
9. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature measuring element is a thermocouple.
10. The container according to claim 1 , further comprising a sensor projecting into the interior of the container for determining a change in material, wherein the sensor is arranged on the protective sheath.
11. The container according to claim 10 , wherein the sensor is at least one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, an optical sensor, and a sensor for detecting at least one of an electrical voltage, an electrical current and an electrical resistance.
12. The container according to claim 1 , further comprising a bushing made of refractory material and having a conical shape with a diameter becoming smaller toward an interior of the container, wherein the bushing is arranged in the opening of the container wall between the container wall and the protective sheath.
13. The container according to claim 12 , wherein the bushing comprises mullite
14. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the container is a foundry ladle for molten steel.
15. A method for determining an interface between two materials arranged one above another in a container, the method comprising arranging within the lower material a sensor for determining a change in material, and measuring a measurement signal of the sensor during pouring or outflow of the material from the container, such that a change in signal is established when the sensor contacts the interface between the materials.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the interface is between a slag layer and an underlying molten steel.
17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the sensor is at least one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, an optical sensor, and a sensor for detecting at least one of an electrical voltage, an electrical current and an electrical resistance.
18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the change in signal is associated with a distance of the interface from a floor of the container.
19. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the pouring or outflow of the material is terminated when the signal changes.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/586,091 US9829385B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2014-12-30 | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004032561A DE102004032561B3 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2004-07-05 | Container for molten metal and use of the container |
DE102004032561.8 | 2004-07-05 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/586,091 Continuation US9829385B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2014-12-30 | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060002449A1 true US20060002449A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
Family
ID=35034370
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/174,707 Abandoned US20060002449A1 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-07-05 | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface |
US14/586,091 Active 2026-10-27 US9829385B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2014-12-30 | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/586,091 Active 2026-10-27 US9829385B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2014-12-30 | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060002449A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1614489A1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP4814559B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20060049847A (en) |
CN (2) | CN1721106B (en) |
AR (1) | AR050074A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005202743B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0502733B1 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2509893C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102004032561B3 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05007041A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2375149C2 (en) |
TW (2) | TWI417154B (en) |
UA (1) | UA85831C2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200505377B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100207306A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-19 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Temperature measuring device |
US9182291B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2015-11-10 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Device for measuring temperature in molten metal |
US9829385B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2017-11-28 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007032694A1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-22 | Kutzner, Dieter, Dipl.-Ing. | Protective cover for a temperature measuring element |
GB0721683D0 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2007-12-19 | Pilkington Automotive D Gmbh | Wired glazing |
EP2338621A1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-29 | SMS Concast AG | Stopper rod in a metallurgical container |
CN104101403A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-15 | 南通高新工业炉有限公司 | Testing device for lower limit of molten aluminum |
CN106734996A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-31 | 珠海肯赛科有色金属有限公司 | A kind of casting solidifies temp measuring method in fact |
ES2949545T3 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2023-09-29 | Heraeus Electro Nite Int | Method and apparatus for monitoring a continuous steel casting process |
EP3581914B1 (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-06-07 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Molten metal samplers for high and low oxygen applications |
US11175187B2 (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2021-11-16 | Unison Industries, Llc | Air temperature sensor having a bushing |
DE102019118105A1 (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-01-07 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Container device for molten metal and vehicle |
CN112338152B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-05-06 | 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Method for measuring temperature of liquid metal cooling directional solidification casting and shell |
DE102021119770A1 (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-02 | Endress+Hauser Wetzer Gmbh+Co. Kg | Diagnosis of a thermometer |
CN114812862A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-07-29 | 新美光(苏州)半导体科技有限公司 | Temperature measuring device and chemical vapor deposition equipment |
Citations (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2802894A (en) * | 1955-04-30 | 1957-08-13 | Degussa | Thermocouple |
US3116168A (en) * | 1961-04-18 | 1963-12-31 | American Radiator & Standard | Thermocouple probe |
US3364745A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1968-01-23 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Apparatus and method of measuring molten metal temperature |
US3379578A (en) * | 1964-11-19 | 1968-04-23 | Corhart Refractories Co | Immersion-type thermocouple having a sheath composed of a sintered ceramic refractory |
US3610045A (en) * | 1965-04-01 | 1971-10-05 | Ajax Magnethermic Corp | Thermocouples |
US3821030A (en) * | 1969-05-13 | 1974-06-28 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | Sheathed thermocouple |
US4135538A (en) * | 1976-11-30 | 1979-01-23 | Koransha Co., Ltd. | Thermocouple protecting tube |
US4279151A (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1981-07-21 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Temperature measuring system |
US4342633A (en) * | 1978-04-06 | 1982-08-03 | Electro-Nite Co. | Oxygen sensor |
US4377347A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1983-03-22 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for measuring temperature of molten metal received in vessel |
US4428686A (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1984-01-31 | Saint-Gobain Emballage | Thermocouple pyrometric apparatus |
US4595300A (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1986-06-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Thermocouple drive assembly |
US4625787A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-12-02 | National Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling the level of liquid metal in a continuous casting mold |
US4746534A (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1988-05-24 | System Planning Corporation | Method of making a thermocouple |
US4749416A (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-06-07 | System Planning Corporation | Immersion pyrometer with protective structure for sidewall use |
US4984904A (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1991-01-15 | Kawaso Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for continuously measuring temperature of molten metal and method for making same |
US5064295A (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1991-11-12 | Arbed S.A. | Device for continuously measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
US5069553A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-12-03 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Protective sheath for a continuous measurement thermocouple |
US5071258A (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1991-12-10 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Thermocouple assembly |
US5180228A (en) * | 1989-09-18 | 1993-01-19 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Radiation thermometer for molten iron and method for measuring the temperature of molten iron |
US5181779A (en) * | 1989-11-22 | 1993-01-26 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Thermocouple temperature sensor and a method of measuring the temperature of molten iron |
US5308044A (en) * | 1987-05-12 | 1994-05-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kouransha | Boron nitride ceramics and molten metal container provided with members made of the same ceramics |
US5360269A (en) * | 1989-05-10 | 1994-11-01 | Tokyo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Immersion-type temperature measuring apparatus using thermocouple |
US5388908A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1995-02-14 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Apparatus for measuring the temperature of molten metals |
US5474618A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-12-12 | Rdc Controle Ltee | Protective ceramic device for immersion pyrometer |
US5596134A (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1997-01-21 | Defense Research Technologies, Inc. | Continuous oxygen content monitor |
US5827474A (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 1998-10-27 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Apparatus and method for measuring the depth of molten steel and slag |
US6280083B2 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 2001-08-28 | Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Thermocouple lance with layered sheath for measuring temperature in molten metal |
US6309442B1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-10-30 | John D. Usher | Refractory material sensor for determining level of molten metal and slag and method of using |
US6367974B1 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2002-04-09 | Peter Lin | Thermocouple apparatus and well for containers having a flanged access opening |
US20030154819A1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-21 | Rama Mahapatra | Model-based system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel |
US6632018B2 (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2003-10-14 | Isuzu Motors Ltd. | Thermocouple-type temperature-detecting device |
US20040047395A1 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2004-03-11 | Zhi Xie | Method for continuously measuring melting steel temperature and measuring temperature pipe |
US6739750B2 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-05-25 | Yuwa Co., Ltd. | Sampling vessel for thermal analysis of molten metal |
US6772085B2 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2004-08-03 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Device for self-verifying temperature measurement and control |
US20040174922A1 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-09-09 | Kosuke Yamashita | Apparatus and method for measuring temperature of molten metal |
US20040240518A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-12-02 | Francesso Memoli | Device and method for discrete and continuous measurement of the temperature of molten metal in a furnance or recepient for its production or treatment |
US20050157773A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2005-07-21 | Paul Van Der Maat | Pyrometer |
Family Cites Families (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE722088C (en) * | 1939-12-15 | 1942-06-30 | Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag | Process for evaporating technical fluids which tend to form crusts |
US2644851A (en) * | 1950-05-04 | 1953-07-07 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Thermocouple |
GB781056A (en) | 1951-12-28 | 1957-08-14 | Colvilles Ltd | A method of and means for indicating a predetermined low level of molten metal in a metal-pouring ladle |
DE1054735B (en) | 1956-12-19 | 1959-04-09 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Temperature sensor built into a melting vessel with a protective device |
US3091119A (en) * | 1961-02-18 | 1963-05-28 | Max Planck Inst Eisenforschung | Temperature measuring apparatus |
DE1433579A1 (en) * | 1962-05-30 | 1968-11-21 | Max Planck Inst Eisenforschung | Process and device for continuous temperature measurement of iron and steel melts, especially in the blow steel process |
GB1151019A (en) | 1966-11-17 | 1969-05-07 | Plansee Metallwerk | Improvements in or relating to Thermoelectric Devices for the Measurement of the Temperature of Corrosive Media. |
DE7228088U (en) * | 1972-07-28 | 1976-03-04 | Hoogovens Ijmuiden Bv, Ijmuiden (Niederlande) | DEVICE WITH A MEASURING PROBE THAT CAN BE INSERTED IN THE VESSEL WALL OF A METALLURGICAL VESSEL |
JPS5444625Y2 (en) * | 1974-09-11 | 1979-12-21 | ||
JPS5136964A (en) | 1974-09-24 | 1976-03-29 | Manpei Taniwaki | Gankyono hoketsuto karano datsurakuboshisochi |
SU933203A1 (en) * | 1980-01-07 | 1982-06-07 | Научно-производственное объединение "Тулачермет" | Thermocouple for continuous measuring of liquid metal temperature |
AT365497B (en) | 1980-03-05 | 1982-01-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE QUANTITY OF SLAGS IN AN INTERMEDIATE VESSEL DURING CONTINUOUS CASTING, AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
SU942868A1 (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1982-07-15 | Краматорский Научно-Исследовательский И Проектно-Технологический Институт Машиностроения | Apparatus for measuring metal level in continuous casting mould |
JPS57118329A (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1982-07-23 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Moduled relay with input/output sigal switching device |
JPS57118329U (en) | 1981-08-18 | 1982-07-22 | ||
CA1209367A (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1986-08-12 | Omer P.I. Cure | Immersion measuring probe for use in molten metals |
JPS60198423A (en) | 1984-03-21 | 1985-10-07 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Instrument for measuring temperature of molten metal |
JPS619966A (en) | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-17 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Estimating method of amount of molten steel remaining in ladle |
JPS6168525A (en) | 1984-09-12 | 1986-04-08 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Continuous molten metal temperature measuring meter |
JPS61246636A (en) | 1985-04-25 | 1986-11-01 | Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd | Protective tube for continuously measuring temperature of molten steel |
JPS6256580A (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-03-12 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | Chromating solution for galvanized steel sheet |
US4721533A (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-01-26 | System Planning Corporation | Protective structure for an immersion pyrometer |
JPH0269627A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | Protective tube for thermocouple |
JPH02264833A (en) | 1989-04-04 | 1990-10-29 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Continuous temperature measuring probe for high temperature |
JPH044096A (en) * | 1990-04-19 | 1992-01-08 | Shinko Pantec Co Ltd | Method for controlling boundary of microorganism bed of upward current anaerobic treating tank for waste water |
JPH0466267A (en) | 1990-07-04 | 1992-03-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Instrument for detecting molten steel level in tundish |
US5209571A (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1993-05-11 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Device for measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
US5302027A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-04-12 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Refractory sight tube for optical temperature measuring device |
JPH06258129A (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1994-09-16 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method for measuring molten metal surface level under slag |
JPH08320263A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-12-03 | Tokyo Yogyo Co Ltd | Molten metal vessel and metal melting furnace having molten metal temperature measuring probe |
US5650117A (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1997-07-22 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Slag detecting apparatus and method |
US6679627B1 (en) * | 1997-11-04 | 2004-01-20 | Rdc Controle Ltee | Self-floating device for measuring the temperature of liquids |
JP2000035364A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-02-02 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Device for continuous temperature-measurement of melted metal device |
WO2000009767A1 (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 2000-02-24 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Tapered probe for mold level control |
JP2000192124A (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for measuring molten material level in furnace hearth part of blast furnace and its instrument |
JP3571951B2 (en) * | 1999-01-20 | 2004-09-29 | 中小企業総合事業団 | Thermocouple device |
JP2002018563A (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-22 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for detecting molten steel level in tundish and its adjusting method |
JP5124894B2 (en) * | 2001-05-25 | 2013-01-23 | ヘレウス・エレクトロナイト株式会社 | Slag layer thickness or slag layer thickness and molten metal layer surface level position measuring method and apparatus |
US6776524B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2004-08-17 | Ametek, Inc. | Rake thermocouple |
DE102004032561B3 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2006-02-09 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Container for molten metal and use of the container |
JP4066267B2 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2008-03-26 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Rubber bush |
WO2010048751A1 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-05-06 | 东北大学 | Device for measuring level of molten metal and method thereof |
-
2004
- 2004-07-05 DE DE102004032561A patent/DE102004032561B3/en not_active Revoked
-
2005
- 2005-06-14 CA CA2509893A patent/CA2509893C/en active Active
- 2005-06-14 CA CA2669952A patent/CA2669952C/en active Active
- 2005-06-21 EP EP20050013308 patent/EP1614489A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-23 AU AU2005202743A patent/AU2005202743B2/en active Active
- 2005-06-27 TW TW101124505A patent/TWI417154B/en active
- 2005-06-27 TW TW094121445A patent/TWI399252B/en active
- 2005-06-28 MX MXPA05007041A patent/MXPA05007041A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-06-29 JP JP2005189712A patent/JP4814559B2/en active Active
- 2005-07-04 CN CN2005100833139A patent/CN1721106B/en active Active
- 2005-07-04 BR BRPI0502733A patent/BRPI0502733B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-07-04 CN CN2010106100170A patent/CN102039382A/en active Pending
- 2005-07-04 AR ARP050102774A patent/AR050074A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-07-04 UA UAA200506567A patent/UA85831C2/en unknown
- 2005-07-04 RU RU2005120921/02A patent/RU2375149C2/en active
- 2005-07-04 ZA ZA200505377A patent/ZA200505377B/en unknown
- 2005-07-05 US US11/174,707 patent/US20060002449A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-05 KR KR1020050060174A patent/KR20060049847A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2008
- 2008-12-22 JP JP2008325957A patent/JP2009156867A/en active Pending
-
2014
- 2014-12-30 US US14/586,091 patent/US9829385B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2802894A (en) * | 1955-04-30 | 1957-08-13 | Degussa | Thermocouple |
US3116168A (en) * | 1961-04-18 | 1963-12-31 | American Radiator & Standard | Thermocouple probe |
US3379578A (en) * | 1964-11-19 | 1968-04-23 | Corhart Refractories Co | Immersion-type thermocouple having a sheath composed of a sintered ceramic refractory |
US3610045A (en) * | 1965-04-01 | 1971-10-05 | Ajax Magnethermic Corp | Thermocouples |
US3364745A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1968-01-23 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Apparatus and method of measuring molten metal temperature |
US3821030A (en) * | 1969-05-13 | 1974-06-28 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | Sheathed thermocouple |
US4135538A (en) * | 1976-11-30 | 1979-01-23 | Koransha Co., Ltd. | Thermocouple protecting tube |
US4342633A (en) * | 1978-04-06 | 1982-08-03 | Electro-Nite Co. | Oxygen sensor |
US4377347A (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1983-03-22 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for measuring temperature of molten metal received in vessel |
US4279151A (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1981-07-21 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Temperature measuring system |
US4428686A (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1984-01-31 | Saint-Gobain Emballage | Thermocouple pyrometric apparatus |
US4595300A (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1986-06-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Thermocouple drive assembly |
US4625787A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-12-02 | National Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling the level of liquid metal in a continuous casting mold |
US4746534A (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1988-05-24 | System Planning Corporation | Method of making a thermocouple |
US4749416A (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1988-06-07 | System Planning Corporation | Immersion pyrometer with protective structure for sidewall use |
US5308044A (en) * | 1987-05-12 | 1994-05-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kouransha | Boron nitride ceramics and molten metal container provided with members made of the same ceramics |
US4984904A (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1991-01-15 | Kawaso Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for continuously measuring temperature of molten metal and method for making same |
US5360269A (en) * | 1989-05-10 | 1994-11-01 | Tokyo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Immersion-type temperature measuring apparatus using thermocouple |
US5064295A (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1991-11-12 | Arbed S.A. | Device for continuously measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
US5180228A (en) * | 1989-09-18 | 1993-01-19 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Radiation thermometer for molten iron and method for measuring the temperature of molten iron |
US5181779A (en) * | 1989-11-22 | 1993-01-26 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Thermocouple temperature sensor and a method of measuring the temperature of molten iron |
US5069553A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-12-03 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Protective sheath for a continuous measurement thermocouple |
US5071258A (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1991-12-10 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Thermocouple assembly |
US5388908A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1995-02-14 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Apparatus for measuring the temperature of molten metals |
US5474618A (en) * | 1994-04-19 | 1995-12-12 | Rdc Controle Ltee | Protective ceramic device for immersion pyrometer |
US5596134A (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1997-01-21 | Defense Research Technologies, Inc. | Continuous oxygen content monitor |
US5827474A (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 1998-10-27 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Apparatus and method for measuring the depth of molten steel and slag |
US6280083B2 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 2001-08-28 | Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Thermocouple lance with layered sheath for measuring temperature in molten metal |
US6367974B1 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2002-04-09 | Peter Lin | Thermocouple apparatus and well for containers having a flanged access opening |
US6772085B2 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2004-08-03 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Device for self-verifying temperature measurement and control |
US6309442B1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-10-30 | John D. Usher | Refractory material sensor for determining level of molten metal and slag and method of using |
US6632018B2 (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2003-10-14 | Isuzu Motors Ltd. | Thermocouple-type temperature-detecting device |
US20040047395A1 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2004-03-11 | Zhi Xie | Method for continuously measuring melting steel temperature and measuring temperature pipe |
US20040174922A1 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-09-09 | Kosuke Yamashita | Apparatus and method for measuring temperature of molten metal |
US6739750B2 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-05-25 | Yuwa Co., Ltd. | Sampling vessel for thermal analysis of molten metal |
US20050157773A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2005-07-21 | Paul Van Der Maat | Pyrometer |
US20040240518A1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-12-02 | Francesso Memoli | Device and method for discrete and continuous measurement of the temperature of molten metal in a furnance or recepient for its production or treatment |
US7140765B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2006-11-28 | Techint Compagnia Tecnica Internazionale S.P.A. | Device and method for discrete and continuous measurement of the temperature of molten metal in a furnace or recepient for its production or treatment |
US20030154819A1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-21 | Rama Mahapatra | Model-based system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9829385B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2017-11-28 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface |
US20100207306A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-19 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Temperature measuring device |
US20110094920A1 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2011-04-28 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Container for molten metal |
US8071012B2 (en) | 2009-02-18 | 2011-12-06 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Temperature measuring device |
US8236234B2 (en) | 2009-02-18 | 2012-08-07 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Container for molten metal |
US9182291B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2015-11-10 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Device for measuring temperature in molten metal |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004032561B3 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
AR050074A1 (en) | 2006-09-27 |
KR20060049847A (en) | 2006-05-19 |
AU2005202743A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
CA2669952C (en) | 2012-07-24 |
AU2005202743B2 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
TWI399252B (en) | 2013-06-21 |
US9829385B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
UA85831C2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
RU2375149C2 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
CA2669952A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
CN1721106A (en) | 2006-01-18 |
BRPI0502733A (en) | 2007-02-27 |
ZA200505377B (en) | 2006-04-26 |
JP2006053128A (en) | 2006-02-23 |
EP1614489A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 |
BRPI0502733B1 (en) | 2019-09-10 |
CN1721106B (en) | 2011-02-09 |
TW200611765A (en) | 2006-04-16 |
CN102039382A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
MXPA05007041A (en) | 2006-01-11 |
CA2509893A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
RU2005120921A (en) | 2007-02-10 |
JP4814559B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
US20150177074A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
CA2509893C (en) | 2011-02-01 |
TW201249562A (en) | 2012-12-16 |
TWI417154B (en) | 2013-12-01 |
JP2009156867A (en) | 2009-07-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US9829385B2 (en) | Container for molten metal, use of the container and method for determining an interface | |
US8236234B2 (en) | Container for molten metal | |
US4365788A (en) | Process and apparatus for determining the level of molten metal in a metallurgical vessel, the temperature of the molten metal and the extent of wear of the refractory lining of the vessel | |
US6309442B1 (en) | Refractory material sensor for determining level of molten metal and slag and method of using | |
JP5299032B2 (en) | Continuous temperature measurement method for molten steel | |
JP3672632B2 (en) | Consumable probe for simultaneous measurement of molten slag temperature and electrical conductivity, and method for simultaneous measurement of molten slag temperature and electrical conductivity | |
KR101998726B1 (en) | Apparatus for processing molten metal | |
JP2004125566A (en) | Measuring method of molten steel layer surface position, slag layer thickness or both values, its device and probe used therefor | |
CN220507939U (en) | Measuring gun | |
US20070145651A1 (en) | Submerged sensor in a metallurgical vessel | |
WO2003027334A1 (en) | Refractory material sensor | |
JP2022031063A (en) | Continuous temperature measurement probe for converter or molten metal ladle using cermet protective tube | |
JP3932612B2 (en) | Continuous temperature measuring device for molten metal | |
JPH0315729A (en) | Temperature measuring instrument for molten metal |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HERAEUS ELECTRO-NITE INTERNATIONAL N.V., BELGIUM Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KENDALL, MARTIN;REEL/FRAME:016370/0243 Effective date: 20050623 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- AFTER EXAMINER'S ANSWER OR BOARD OF APPEALS DECISION |