US20050040097A1 - Dual-flow filter cartridge - Google Patents
Dual-flow filter cartridge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050040097A1 US20050040097A1 US10/957,954 US95795404A US2005040097A1 US 20050040097 A1 US20050040097 A1 US 20050040097A1 US 95795404 A US95795404 A US 95795404A US 2005040097 A1 US2005040097 A1 US 2005040097A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- filter
- housing
- interior cavity
- outlet portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008821 health effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- C02F1/003—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using household-type filters for producing potable water, e.g. pitchers, bottles, faucet mounted devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/114—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
- B01D29/58—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
- B01D35/04—Plug, tap, or cock filters filtering elements mounted in or on a faucet
- B01D35/043—Reversible faucet filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
- B01D35/147—Bypass or safety valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/30—Filter housing constructions
- B01D2201/301—Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads
- B01D2201/302—Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads having inlet or outlet ports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/46—Several filtrate discharge conduits each connected to one filter element or group of filter elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/006—Cartridges
Abstract
A filter cartridge configured to provide two or more levels of fluid filtration or conditioning from within a single filter cartridge is disclosed, the filter cartridge including a housing that defines an interior cavity and has an inlet portion for receiving fluid into the cavity, a first outlet portion for discharging fluid from the housing, and a second outlet portion for discharging fluid from the housing. The filter cartridge also includes a first stage filter disposed within the interior cavity for conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the first stage filter in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path, and a second stage filter disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the second stage filter in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The subject invention relates to a filter cartridge for use in fluid filtration, and more particularly, to a filter cartridge configured to provide two or more levels of fluid filtration.
- 2. Background of the Related Art
- Many residential, industrial and healthcare applications require the fluid used therein to be filtered prior to use. For example, in the United States, residential public water supplies are commonly treated with various chemicals, such as chlorine, to disinfect the water and avoid potential adverse health effects. However, these chemicals can have an undesirable effect on the taste and odor of the water, and may not provide the level of cleanliness desired for consumption. Consequently, many residences now filter their tap water or purchase bottled water for cooking and drinking.
- Not all fluid applications within a residence require the same level of filtration or conditioning, nor is it cost effective to treat all of the water to the same degree. For example, the water used in washing the family car or for watering the lawn does not require the same level of filtration as potable water. Additionally, it may be desired to provide water having a specific or distinct level of filtration or softness for dish washing, bathing or the laundry. Therefore, in a residence it is desirable to provide water having two or more levels of filtration.
- There is also a need to provide two or more levels of fluid filtration in other applications, such as in industrial or healthcare applications. In the healthcare industry, fluids administered parenternally to a patient must to be filtered prior to administration. Typically, filtration of a parenternal fluid is achieved by passing it through a filter apparatus which includes a porous medium. In some protocols continuous or long term administration of several parental fluids is required and each fluid is passed through the same filter apparatus, along the same flow path and through the same porous medium. There are disadvantages associated with the use of a single flow path and providing a single level of filtration for all administered fluids. For example, the same porous medium may not be suitable or equally efficient for processing different parenternal fluids.
- Traditionally, only one level of filtration or conditioning can be obtained from a single filter cartridge or assembly. In such filters, unfiltered fluid enters into the cartridge through an inlet port, passes through filter media disposed within the cartridge and discharges through a single outlet port. These traditional filter cartridges may contain multiple media types, but the fluid traverses through the media over a single flow path, resulting in flow through all media in turn or in series.
- In residential applications, one method of obtaining two levels of filtration from a single filter assembly has been to provide an assembly that is configured to allow the user to select between filtered water or unfiltered water, as disclosed for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,744,033 to Bertrand. Another solution consists of adding components to the filtration system or assembly, or more particularly, by designing manifold systems which utilized platforms and multiple filter cartridges. U.S. Pat. No. 5,107,896 to Otto is an example of a manifold-type system that achieves a second level of filtration by adding filter cartridges to the system. However, increasing the number components, increases the system complexity, cost and space requirements.
- There is a need, therefore, for a fluid filtration apparatus having a cartridge which is configured to simultaneously provide two separate discharges of fluid from a single source, each discharged fluid having been subjected to a distinct level of conditioning or filtering. By providing two levels of filtration from a single filter cartridge, the need for additional hardware can be eliminated, thereby simplifying the installation and maintenance of the fluid treatment system and reducing the number of components required.
- The subject invention is directed to a new and improved dual-flow filter cartridge that includes a housing, a first stage filter and a second stage filter. The housing defines a central axis and an interior cavity and includes an inlet portion for receiving fluid into the interior cavity, a first outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity, and a second outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity.
- The first stage filter is disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough and is in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path. The second stage filter is also disposed within the interior cavity of the housing and conditions the fluid passing therethrough. The second stage filter is in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path.
- The filter cartridge further includes a mechanism for selectively directing the flow of the fluid through the interior cavity of the housing. The mechanism is configured to selectively direct the flow of fluid through the first flow path, in which fluid traverses through the first stage filter and exits the housing through the first outlet portion. The mechanism is also configured to direct the flow of fluid through the second flow path, through which fluid traverses the first stage filter, the second stage filter and exits the housing through the second outlet portion. Alternatively, the mechanism can direct the flow through the first and second flow paths simultaneously. In a preferred embodiment, the mechanism for selectively directing the flow of the fluid through the interior cavity of the housing is positioned external to the filter cartridge housing.
- In a preferred embodiment, the first stage filter and the second stage filter are coaxially positioned relative to one another within the interior cavity of the housing. In this embodiment, the first stage filter has a hollow core and the second stage filter is disposed within the hollow core of the first stage filter. Typically, the first stage filter includes at least one filter media for conditioning the fluid. The filter media can be a sediment-type filter (e.g. resin bonded cellulose), a carbon block filter, a hollow fiber filter or any other media suitable for filtering fluid or a combination of media types. In this embodiment, it is envisioned that the first flow path is substantially radial within the interior cavity of the housing through the first stage filter.
- The second stage filter also includes at least one filter media for conditioning the fluid. The at least one filter media can be a hollow fiber filter media or any other media suitable for filtering fluid or a combination of media types. In this embodiment, it is envisioned that the second flow path traverses through both the first and second stage filters, substantially in the radial direction within the interior cavity of the housing through the second stage filter. Alternatively, the second flow path only traverses the second stage filer.
- Preferably, the filter cartridge further includes a structure for directing the flow of fluid through the first flow path and the second flow path. In one embodiment, the structure is defined by an end cap disposed within the interior cavity of the housing and has surfaces dimensioned and configured for directing the flow of fluid within the housing. In this embodiment, the end cap can be positioned at the base of the filter media or at the top of the filter media, or in both locations. In another embodiment, the end cap is disposed within the filter media, for example, at the mid-height or thereabout.
- It is envisioned that the structure for directing fluid through the first flow path and the second flow path is integral with the housing. However, it can be a separate and distinct member that can be inserted into the interior cavity or removed as desired.
- The subject invention is also directed to a filter apparatus which includes a head and a filter cartridge. The head having an inlet flow port, an outlet flow port, means for securing the head in fluid communication with a fluid supply, and fixture for securably attaching a filter cartridge to the head. The filter cartridge includes a housing which defines a central axis and an interior cavity. The housing has an inlet portion for receiving fluid into the cavity, a first outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity, and a second outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity.
- Preferably, the filter cartridge also includes, a first stage filter disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough. The first stage filter is in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path. A second stage filter is also disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough. The second stage filter is in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path which differs from the first flow path.
- In this embodiment, the filter apparatus further includes a first outlet flow valve for selectively controlling the discharge of fluid from the first outlet portion of the housing and a second outlet flow valve for selectively controlling the discharge of fluid from the second outlet portion of the housing. Preferably, the first and second outlet flow valves are positioned external to the filter cartridge housing, but are fluidly connected thereto.
- In yet another embodiment, the filter apparatus includes a device for selectively blending the fluid discharged from the first outlet portion and the fluid discharged from the second outlet portion. The blending thereby forming a single discharge of fluid having selected filtration properties. In a preferred embodiment, the device blends the fluid discharged from the first and second outlet portions of the housing and includes a valve. The valve includes a first inlet port for receiving fluid discharged from the first outlet portion of the housing, a second inlet port for receiving fluid discharged from the second outlet portion of the housing, and a discharge port for discharging the blended fluid. Alternatively, the valve can include, a third inlet port which receives fluid which has not been passed through the filter apparatus. As before, the blending forms a single discharge of fluid having selected filtration properties.
- The subject invention is also directed to a method of filtration which includes the steps of supplying fluid to a dual-flow filter cartridge, and passing the fluid through the filter cartridge. The dual-flow filter cartridge of this embodiment includes a housing defining a central axis and an interior cavity, a first stage filter and, a second stage filter. Preferably, the housing has an inlet portion for receiving fluid into the cavity, a first outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity, and a second outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity.
- The first stage filter is disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough and providing a first level of filtration. The first stage filter is in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path. The second stage filter is disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough and providing a second level filtration. The second stage filter is in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path and further conditions the fluid which has passed through the first stage filter. Alternatively, the fluid bypasses the first stage filter and is only conditioned by the second stage filter.
- It is envisioned that the filtration method of the subject invention further includes the step of selectively directing the flow of fluid through the filter cartridge housing such that the fluid traverses through at least one filter stage in a preferred embodiment, the step of selectively directing the flow of fluid through the filter cartridge housing includes regulating by valve means the discharge of fluid from the first outlet portion and from the second outlet portion.
- The subject application is also directed to a filter cartridge that includes, inter alia, a housing defining a central axis and having an inlet port for receiving fluid into the housing. The housing also having a first outlet port for discharging a first fluid from the housing, a second outlet port for discharging a second fluid from the housing, and an interior cavity.
- In this embodiment, a first stage filter has a hollow core and is axially disposed within the interior cavity of the housing and conditions the first fluid. The first stage filter communicates with the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path which is substantially radial through the first stage filter. Additionally, a second stage filter is axially disposed within the hollow core of the first stage filter, the second stage filter conditions the second fluid and communicates with the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path. The second flow path is substantially radially inwardly directed through the second stage filter.
- Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the subject invention allows for greater selectivity in fluid filtration than prior art filtration devices, without increasing the number of components in the filter assembly or the space requirements. These and other unique features of the filter apparatus disclosed herein will become more readily apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.
- So that those having ordinary skill in the art to which the subject invention appertains will more readily understand how to make and use the same, reference may be had to the drawings wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is perspective view of a filter apparatus constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the subject invention shown in conjunction with a faucet for tap water and a fountain for drinking water; -
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the filter cartridge ofFIG. 1 which includes a housing defining an interior cavity, a first stage filter, a second stage filter and a structure directing the flow of fluid through first and second flow paths; -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a filter cartridge constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the subject invention, which illustrates a first flow path traversing substantially radially through the interior cavity and the first stage filter and exiting the filter housing through a first outlet portion; -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a filter cartridge constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the subject invention, which illustrates a second flow path through which fluid traverses the second stage filter and exits the housing through the second outlet portion; -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a filter cartridge operatively engaged with a water source and having a faucet associated with a first outlet portion and a drinking fountain associated with a second outlet portion; -
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a filter cartridge constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the subject invention with parts separated for ease of illustration, wherein the second stage filter includes a plurality of filter media layers which are coaxially positioned relative to one another; -
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a filter cartridge constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the subject invention, wherein the second stage filter includes two cylindrical filter elements arranged in vertically stacked orientation; -
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a filtration system incorporating the filtration apparatus of the subject invention together with a blending device having an inlet port which receives fluid from the first outlet portion, an inlet port which receives fluid from the second outlet portion, and a single discharge port; and -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a filtration system incorporating the filtration apparatus of the subject invention together with a blending device having an inlet port which receives fluid from the first outlet portion, an inlet port which receives fluid from the second outlet portion, an inlet port receiving unfiltered fluid from the water supply, and a single discharge port. - These and other features of the subject invention will become more readily apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art form the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
- As discussed hereinabove, the present invention overcomes several of the disadvantages associated with prior art fluid filtration cartridges and assemblies. The advantages, and other features of the filtration cartridge disclosed herein, will become more readily apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the drawings which set forth representative embodiments of the present invention.
- Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals identify similar structural elements of the subject invention, there is illustrated in
FIG. 1 a filtration cartridge constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the subject invention and designated generally byreference numeral 100.Filter cartridge 100 is illustrated in conjunction with a residential plumbing fixture that includesfaucet assembly 20 anddrinking fountain assembly 30. In this configuration,filter cartridge 100 is fluidly connected to an unfiltered cold water supply byconduit 10 throughfilter head 12. The cold water provided bysupply conduit 10 is passed throughfilter cartridge 100 and is selectively discharged through afirst discharge conduit 14, asecond discharge conduit 16, or simultaneously through both. -
First discharge conduit 14 is fluidly connected tofaucet assembly 20 and provides tap water having a first level of filtration for performing domestic tasks such as dishwashing.Second discharge conduit 16 is fluidly connected todrinking fountain assembly 30 and provides potable water having a second level of filtration or conditioning relative to the first level of conditioning. In this embodiment of the invention, it is envisioned thatfilter cartridge 100 is installed below the level of the sink, e.g., within the cabinetry (not shown). A mounting element, such as L-shapedbracket 18, is used to mountfilter cartridge 100 to a supporting structure. - As noted above, in
FIG. 1 ,filter cartridge 100 is shown in use with a residential sink assembly, but those skilled in the art will readily appreciate thatfilter 100 can be used to provide conditioning for various fluids in a multitude of applications, such as residential, industrial and healthcare applications. - Referring now to
FIG. 2 ,filter cartridge 100 primarily includes ahousing 110, afirst stage filter 120 and asecond stage filter 130. Thehousing 110 defines acentral axis 112 and aninterior cavity 114 forfilter cartridge 100.Housing 110 also includes aninlet portion 116 for receiving fluid intointerior cavityl 14, afirst outlet portion 118 for discharging fluid frominterior cavity 114, and asecond outlet portion 119 for discharging fluid frominterior cavity 114. In the embodiment shown inFIG. 2 , aneck portion 117 is associated with theinlet portion 116 and includes opposed first andsecond inlet ports second outlet portion 119 and upper and lower circumferential sealing recesses 121 a and 121 b for accommodating o-rings.Inlet portion 116 also includes depending radially-spaced apartrib members 123 which provide support for the first and second stage filters 120 and 130 within theinterior cavity 114, as well as provide flow channels therebetween for the fluid entering theinterior cavity 114. - An
upstanding tube 150 is configured for insertion intoneck portion 117 and defines aninlet passage 224 and anoutlet passage 152. Whentube 150 is inserted withinneck portion 117 theinlet passage 224 is defined by the gap between thetube 150 and theneck portion 117. Theoutlet passage 152 is defined by the hollow core oftube 150 and provides a conduit through which fluid can pass from thesecond stage filter 130 to thedischarge portion 119. -
Tube 150 has a cup orannular member 160 associated with the lower end thereof. Thecup 160 includes aweb 164 and aflange 162 that supports the first and second stage filters 120 and 130 within theinterior cavity 114. It is envisioned thattube 150 is integral withcup 160 and is molded thereto. Alternatively, as shown in this figure,cup 160 has a separate element and can have a center bore 166 for mountingcup 160 onto the lower end oftube 150. In the embodiment shown herein, threadedconnector 155 is used to secure the first conduit 14 (seeFIG. 1 ) to dischargeportion 118. - An
end cap 170 is disposed within theinterior cavity 114 for directing the flow of fluid within theinterior cavity 114 ofhousing 110. In the embodiment shown herein,end cap 170 has substantially planar upper andlower surfaces Upper surface 172 ofend cap 170 is in contact with thebottom portion 132 of thesecond stage filter 130 and prevents fluid from entering thebottom portion 132 of thesecond stage filter 130, thereby directing the flow of fluid in a radially inward direction. The operation ofend cap 170 is described in more detail hereinbelow with respect toFIGS. 3 and 4 . - Referring to
FIG. 3 ,first stage filter 120, which is disposed within theinterior cavity 114 ofhousing 110, is configured to condition fluid passing therethrough. It is in fluid communication with theinlet portion 116 andfirst outlet portion 118 by way of a first flow path which is designated byreference numeral 200. Thesecond stage filter 130 is also disposed withininterior cavity 114 ofhousing 110 and it is configured to condition fluid passing therethrough. - In the embodiment illustrated in
FIG. 3 , thefirst stage filter 120 and thesecond stage filter 130 are coaxially positioned relative to one another within theinterior cavity 114 ofhousing 110. Thefirst stage filter 120 defines ahollow core 122 and thesecond stage filter 130 is disposed within thehollow core 122 of thefirst stage filter 120. As shown herein,first stage filter 120 is constructed from a single filter media. However, thefirst stage filter 120 can be constructed from a combination of filter media. The material selected for construction of thefirst stage filter 120 can be based on the level or type of filtration or conditioning desired for the fluid traversing thefirst flow path 200. For example, in a residential application, thefirst stage filter 120 may be a resin bonded cellulose type filter used to remove large particles from the water supply. In other applications such as healthcare, thefirst stage filter 120 may be a fibrous media for filtering pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria. - The
first stage filter 120 has an upperannular portion 124 which is supported bycup 160, a middlegrooved portion 126, and alower support portion 128. Thegrooved portion 126 increases the available surface area offilter 120. Thelower support portion 128 is supported byinner wall 129. Preferably, the radiallyinner surface 136 of thefirst stage filter 120 does not contacts thesecond stage filter 130 and afluid flow gap 131 is established therebetween. - With continuing reference to
FIG. 3 , inoperation filter cartridge 100 is configured to provide two levels of fluid filtration, the two levels of filtration being obtained by passing fluid through two distinct flow paths.First flow path 200 initiates fromfluid supply conduit 210 and proceeds intofilter head 220 throughinlet port 222. Fluid provided by thesupply conduit 210 and traversing over thefirst flow path 200 enters thefilter cartridge 100 through theopposed inlet ports neck portion 117. Thefirst flow path 200 then traverses axially though theinlet passage 224 defined by the gap betweentube 150 andneck portion 117. Thefirst flow path 200 proceeds radially alongweb 164 and through the channels defined by the radially-spaced apartrib members 123 depending frominlet portion 116, and enters into theinterior cavity 114. Flowpath 200 then traverses primarily radially through thefirst stage filter 120 intofluid flow gap 131. From there the fluid exists theinterior cavity 114 through thefirst outlet portion 118. - In this embodiment,
valve 250 is operatively associated withfirst outlet portion 118 for selectively directing the flow of fluid through theinterior cavity 114 ofhousing 110.Valve 250 controls the amount of fluid discharge fromfirst outlet portion 118. However, it should be noted that other structures or mechanisms for selectively directing fluid flow throughinterior cavity 114 and for controlling the discharge of fluid fromfirst outlet portion 118 can be provided. Also, the controlling structure or mechanism need not be structurally associated with thefirst outlet portion 118 nor be comprised of a single element. For example, as shown inFIG. 1 ,faucet assembly 20 is located downstream offirst outlet portion 118 and controls the flow of the fluid throughinterior cavity 114 ofhousing 110. Also,drinking fountain assembly 30 is fluidly associated withsecond outlet portion 119 and provides additional control of the fluid flow throughinterior cavity 114 offilter cartridge 100. - Referring now to
FIG. 4 ,second flow path 300 initiates in a manner similar to that offirst flow path 200 in that it originates atfluid supply conduit 210 and proceeds intofilter head 220 throughinlet port 222. Thesecond flow path 300 then entersfilter cartridge 100 throughinlet ports neck portion 117 and traverses axially thoughinlet passage 224 defined betweentube 150 andneck portion 117. The flow path then proceeds radially alongweb 164 and intointerior cavity 114. Then, unlike thefirst flow path 200, thesecond flow path 300 proceeds either radially inward through thefirst stage filter 120 andsecond stage filter 130 in a serial manner or is directed intogap 131 defined betweenfirst stage filter 120 andsecond stage filter 130. As a result, the fluid passing therethrough is conditioned twice, by the first stage filter and again by the second stage filter.End cap 170 prevents fluid which has traversed through both thefirst stage filter 120 and thesecond stage filter 130 from exiting theinterior cavity 114 though thefirst outlet portion 118 by providing a physical barrier located at thebottom portion 132 of thesecond stage filter 130. - As described herein, the
second stage filter 130 is constructed from a single filter media. However, as will be discussed, thesecond stage filter 130 can be comprised of various filter media having several configurations. For example, thesecond stage filter 130 can be configured from a fibrous filter media, a carbon block filter media, or any other media suitable for filtering fluid, such as pleated filter media or a spiral wound media. As shown inFIG. 4 , the second stage filter is in fluid communication withinlet portion 116 and thesecond outlet portion 119 by way ofsecond flow path 300 which passes initially through thefirst stage filter 120. -
Filter cartridge 100 further includes amechanism 250 for selectively directing the flow of fluid through the interior cavity ofhousing 110. More specifically,mechanism 250 is configured to direct fluid to thefirst flow path 200 in which fluid traverses through thefirst stage filter 120 and exitshousing 110 through thefirst outlet portion 118. This is achieved by allowing fluid to proceed throughmechanism 250 and eliminating the flow restriction.Mechanism 250 is also configured to direct the flow of fluid to thesecond flow path 300 or through the first and second flow paths, 200 and 300 simultaneously. Flow is directed through thesecond flow path 300 whenmechanism 250 prevents the flow of fluid from proceeding out of theinterior cavity 114 through thefirst outlet portion 118. Simultaneous flow through the first andsecond flow paths inlet supply conduit 210 and the flow is free to exit theinterior cavity 114 through either the first orsecond outlet portions - As noted above, the filter cartridge of the subject invention further includes a structure for directing fluid through the
first flow path 200 and thesecond flow path 300. As shown herein,structure 170 is defined as an end cap and is disposed within theinterior cavity 114 of thehousing 110. Theend cap 170 has surfaces dimensioned and configured for directing the flow of fluid. As shown herein,end cap 170 is a planar disk having opposed upper andlower surfaces interior cavity 114 through thefirst outlet portion 118. Alternatively,end cap 170 can have apertures located near its outer radius which permit thefirst flow path 200 to traverse through the outer fibers or periphery of thesecond stage filter 130. The utility of this feature will become more apparent when the various configurations of thesecond stage filter 130 are discussed in more detail hereinbelow. - It is envisioned that
end cap 170 can be removed and replaced with an end cap that provides different flow characteristics within theinterior cavity 114.End cap 170 can also be integral with thefilter housing 110 or permanently installed and not interchangeable.End cap 170 can also be positioned at the base of the first and second stage filters 120 and 130 as shown inFIG. 4 , or at the top of the first and second stage filters 120 and 130. Alternatively,end cap 170 can be located in both positions. In another embodiment, theend cap 170 or a similar structure for directing the fluid through the first and thesecond flow paths - Referring now to
FIG. 5 , there is illustratedfilter cartridge 400 which includes ahousing 410, afirst stage filter 420 and asecond stage filter 430.Housing 410 defines aninterior cavity 414 and has aninlet portion 416, afirst outlet portion 418 and asecond outlet portion 419. Aneck portion 417 is associated with theinlet portion 416 for engaging withoutlet flow valve 455. This embodiment differs from the previously described embodiments in that a firstoutlet flow valve 450 is engaged with thefirst outlet portion 418 and a secondoutlet flow valve 455 is fluidly associated with thesecond outlet portion 419. The first and secondoutlet flow valves cartridge 400. Firstoutlet flow valve 450 includes afaucet assembly 452 and the secondoutlet flow valve 455 includes,inlet flow conduit 410 anddrinking fountain 457. The secondoutlet flow valve 455 defines aninlet flow port 458 andoutlet flow port 459. - The
outlet flow valves interior cavity 414. More specifically when the firstoutlet flow valve 450 is in the open position and the secondoutlet flow valve 455 is in the closed position, flow proceeds over thefirst flow path 200 and the fluid is conditioned by thefirst stage filter 420 and exists the interior cavity through thefirst outlet portion 418 and thefaucet assembly 452. Alternatively, when the firstoutlet flow valve 450 is in the closed position and the secondoutlet flow valve 455 is open, the flow proceeds over thesecond flow path 300 and the fluid passes through and is conditioned by both the first and second stage filters 420 and 430, and exists theinterior cavity 414 through thesecond outlet portion 416 anddrinking fountain assembly 457. Alternatively, when both the first and the secondoutlet flow valves interior cavity 414 over both the first and thesecond flow paths drinking fountain assemblies - Additionally, the
second flow path 300 for thefilter cartridge 400 disclosed herein does not proceed through thefirst stage filter 420. Instead, thesecond flow path 300 proceeds throughapertures 413 formed incup 460 thereby bypassing thefirst stage filter 420. - Referring to
FIG. 6 there is illustratedfilter cartridge 500 which includeshousing 510,first stage filter 520 andsecond stage filter 530.Housing 510 definesinterior chamber 514 and hasinlet portion 516,first outlet portion 518 andsecond outlet portion 519.Filter cartridge 500 is substantially similar in structure and function to filter cartridge 100 (FIG. 2 ) and like reference numerals identify similar structural elements.Filter cartridge 500 differs from the previously discussedfilter cartridge 100 in that thesecond stage filter 530 includes three concentric layers or sections of filter media, 532 a-532 c. Each concentric layer or section 532 a-532 c can have selected filtration properties, such as porosity, based on the desired fluid quality. In the embodiment disclosed herein,end cap 570 is disposed within theinterior cavity 514 and has planar upper and lower surface. However, in an alternative embodiment,end cap 570 can have radially-spaced apart apertures located directly below either of concentric layers 532 a-532 c. For example, if the apertures inend cap 570 were located below layer 532 b, then the fluid traversing over the first flow path would be allowed to proceed through thefirst stage filter 520 and then throughlayers 532 b and 532 c of thesecond stage filter 530 to the apertures inend cap 570 and exits theinterior chamber 514 through thefirst outlet portion 518. - Referring now to
FIG. 7 , there is illustrated another embodiment of the subject invention and designated generally byreference numeral 600.Filter cartridge 600 includeshousing 610,first stage filter 620 andsecond stage filter 630.Housing 610 defines interior chamber 614 and has inlet portion 616,first outlet portion 618 and second outlet portion 619.Filter cartridge 600 is substantially similar in structure and function to filter cartridge 100 (FIG. 2 ) and like reference numerals identify similar structural elements.Filter cartridge 600 differs from the previously describedfilter cartridge 100 in thatsecond stage filter 630 includes two cylindrically-shapedmedia elements 632 a and 632 b that have selected filtration properties based on the desired fluid quality. In addition,plate 672 is disposed betweenmedia elements 632 a and 632 b and directs the flow of fluid within theinterior cavity 114. For example,plate 672 in conjunction with apertures 673 a-673 d disposed inend cap 570 allow fluid which is traversing the first flow path (not shown) to proceed through filter layer 632 b in addition to thefirst stage filter 620.Structure 672 also prevents fluid which is traversing the second flow path from proceeding through filter layer 632 b while allowing it to traversefilter layer 632 a. - Referring to
FIG. 8 , there is illustratedfilter assembly 700 which includes, afilter cartridge 100, ahead 712, an L-shapedsupport bracket 718, awater supply conduit 710, first discharge conduit 714,second discharge conduit 716 and blendingdevice 725. Blendingdevice 725 selectively blends the fluid discharged from the first outlet portion and the fluid discharged from the second outlet portion offilter cartridge 100. More specifically, fluid is supplied bywater supply 710 to filtercartridge 100. As described in greater detail with respect toFIGS. 3 and 4 , the fluid proceeds over two flow paths withfilter cartridge 100. The fluid which exitscartridge 100 through the first discharge conduit 714 has been subjected to a first level of conditioning and thefluid exiting cartridge 100 through thesecond discharge conduit 716 has been subject to a second level of conditioning. Blendingdevice 725 receives the fluid from both the first andsecond discharge conduits 714 and 716 and allows the user to selectively blend the received fluid thereby creating a single discharge of fluid having selected filtration properties. The blended fluid is discharged throughdischarge conduit 730. - In a preferred embodiment, blending
device 725 includes a valve having first and second inlet ports and a discharge port. The first inlet port receives fluid discharged from the first outlet portion offilter cartridge 100 and the second inlet port receives the fluid discharged from the second outlet portion. The valve can be equipped to allow the user to either locally or remotely select the properties of the blended fluid and to discharge the fluid from the blending device. - Referring now to
FIG. 9 , there is illustrated an alternate embodiment of the filter apparatus disclosed inFIG. 8 , and designated byreference numeral 800.Filter apparatus 800 is substantially similar in structure and function to filter apparatus 700 (FIG. 8 ) and like reference numerals identify similar structural elements.Filter apparatus 800 differs in that theblending device 825 also receives fluid fromunfiltered supply conduit 818, in addition to first discharge conduit 814, second dischargedconduit 816. As before, blendingdevice 825 allows the user to selectively blend the received fluid thereby creating a single discharge of fluid having selected filtration properties. - While the invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various changes and/or modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (26)
1. A filter cartridge comprising:
a) a housing defining a central axis and an interior cavity, the housing having an inlet portion for receiving fluid into the cavity, a first outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity, and a second outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity;
b) a first stage filter disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the first stage filter in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path; and
c) a second stage filter disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the second stage filter in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path which is distinct from the first flow path.
2. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 1 , further comprising means for selectively directing the flow of the fluid through the interior cavity of the housing.
3-5. (canceled.)
6. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first stage filter and the second stage filter are coaxially positioned relative to one another within the interior cavity of the housing.
7. (canceled.)
8. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first stage filter includes at least one filter media for conditioning the fluid.
9. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 8 , wherein the at least one filter media is defined by resin bonded cellulose.
10. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 1 , wherein the second stage filter includes at least one filter media for conditioning the fluid.
11-12. (canceled.)
13. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second flow path traverses both the first and second stage filters.
14. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first flow path is substantially radially inwardly directed within the interior cavity of the housing through the first stage filter.
15. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 1 , wherein the second flow path is substantially radially inwardly directed within the interior cavity of the housing through the second stage filter.
16. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 1 , further comprising means for directing the flow of fluid through the first flow path and the second flow path.
17. (canceled.)
18. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 16 , wherein the means for directing fluid through the first flow path and the second flow path is integral with the housing.
19. A filter apparatus comprising:
a) a head having an inlet flow port, an outlet flow port, means for securing the head in fluid communication with a fluid supply, and means for securably attaching a filter cartridge to the head; and
b) a filter cartridge including:
i) a housing defining a central axis and an interior cavity, the housing having an inlet portion for receiving fluid into the interior cavity, a first outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity, and a second outlet portion for discharging fluid from the interior cavity;
ii) a first stage filter disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the first stage filter in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path; and
iii) a second stage filter disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the second stage filter in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path which differs from the first flow path.
20. The filter apparatus as recited in claim 19 , further comprising a first outlet flow valve for selectively controlling the discharge of fluid from the first outlet portion of the housing.
21. The filter apparatus as recited in claim 19 , further comprising a second outlet flow valve for selectively controlling the discharge of fluid from the second outlet portion of the housing.
22. The filter apparatus as recited in claim 19 , further comprising means for selectively blending the fluid discharged from the first outlet portion and the fluid discharged from the second outlet portion, the blending thereby forming a single discharge of fluid having selected filtration properties.
23. The filter apparatus as recited in claim 19 , wherein the means for blending the fluid discharged from the first and second outlet portions of the housing includes a valve, the valve having a first inlet port for receiving fluid discharged from the first outlet portion of the housing, a second inlet port for receiving fluid discharged from the second outlet portion of the housing, and a discharge port for discharging blended fluid from the valve.
24. The filter apparatus as recited in claim 19 , further comprising means for selectively blending the fluid discharged from the first outlet portion, the fluid discharged from the second outlet portion and fluid that has not passed through the filter apparatus, the blending thereby forming a single discharge of fluid having selected filtration properties.
25. A filter cartridge comprising:
a) a housing defining a central axis and an interior cavity for the filter cartridge and having an inlet port for receiving fluid into the interior cavity, a first outlet port for discharging a first fluid from the interior cavity, a second outlet port for discharging a second fluid from the housing, and an interior cavity;
b) a first stage filter axially disposed within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning the first fluid, the first stage filter having a hollow core and communicating with the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path which is substantially radially directed through the first stage filter; and
c) a second stage filter coaxially disposed within the hollow core of the first stage filter for conditioning the second fluid, the second stage filter communicating with the second outlet portion by way of a second flow path which is substantially radially inwardly directed through the second stage filter.
26. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 25 , wherein the first stage filter comprises at lease one filter media for filtering the fluid.
27. (canceled.)
28. The filter cartridge as recited in claim 25 , wherein the second stage filter comprises at least one filter media for filtering the fluid.
29-33. (canceled.)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/957,954 US20050040097A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2004-10-04 | Dual-flow filter cartridge |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/125,323 US6800200B2 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2002-04-18 | Dual-flow filter cartridge |
US10/957,954 US20050040097A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2004-10-04 | Dual-flow filter cartridge |
Related Parent Applications (1)
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US10/125,323 Continuation US6800200B2 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2002-04-18 | Dual-flow filter cartridge |
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US20050040097A1 true US20050040097A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
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US10/957,954 Abandoned US20050040097A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 | 2004-10-04 | Dual-flow filter cartridge |
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EP (1) | EP1494779A1 (en) |
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US20040069696A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-04-15 | William Warren | Single-use long-life faucet-mounted water filtration devices |
US20050092661A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2005-05-05 | William Warren | Single-use long-life faucet-mounted water filtration devices |
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US20060032795A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2006-02-16 | William Warren | Single-use long-life faucet-mounted water filtration devices |
US20040193611A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-09-30 | Padmanabhan Raghunandhan | A system for using telephone numbers for emails and for a more efficient search engine. |
US20060037893A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2006-02-23 | William Warren | Single-use long-life faucet-mounted water filtration devices |
US20070200014A1 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-08-30 | Fabrizio Nobili | Sink spray head with supply jet variation and flow rate regulation |
US11571642B2 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2023-02-07 | Jeffrey Sandahi | Self cleaning water filter unit |
WO2022213309A1 (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2022-10-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Filter cartridge and filter having same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005523145A (en) | 2005-08-04 |
EP1494779A1 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
US6800200B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 |
AU2003218423A1 (en) | 2003-11-03 |
US20030196948A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
AU2003218423B2 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
WO2003089109A1 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
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