US20030006025A1 - Evacuated jacket for thermal insulation and process for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Evacuated jacket for thermal insulation and process for manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030006025A1 US20030006025A1 US10/223,140 US22314002A US2003006025A1 US 20030006025 A1 US20030006025 A1 US 20030006025A1 US 22314002 A US22314002 A US 22314002A US 2003006025 A1 US2003006025 A1 US 2003006025A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- envelope
- barrier sheet
- upper layer
- lower layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
- B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
Definitions
- an evacuated jacket is formed of an envelope inside which a filling material is provided.
- the envelope has the purpose of preventing (or reducing as much as possible) the entrance of atmospheric gases into the jacket, so as to maintain a vacuum level compatible with the degree of thermal insulation required by the application.
- the filling material has mainly the function of spacing apart the two opposite sides of the envelope when the jacket is evacuated, and must have a porous or discontinuous internal structure, so that its porosities or interstices can be evacuated in order to perform the thermally insulating function.
- the envelope is generally formed of two barrier sheets having rectangular shape, reciprocally joined along the margins thereof by means of perimetrical weldings.
- the so joined margins of the barrier sheets form four flanges arranged at the sides of the resulting envelope.
- the main drawback of the envelopes of this kind consists exactly in the presence of these flanges, which are very fragile and their possible fracturing can easily propagate beyond the perimetrical weldings, causing the permeation of atmospheric gases into the jacket and thus compromising the thermal insulating features thereof.
- an envelope is formed having two opened ends whose sealing, transversely to flange F, is carried out by inserting the edges thereof between welding bars. In the two areas wherein these weldings intersect the flange, the envelope takes on the conformation shown in FIG. 5 c (which has an enlarged scale with respect to FIGS. 5 a and 5 b ).
- Object of the present invention is therefore providing an evacuated jacket free from said drawbacks and a process for manufacturing the same. Said object is achieved by means of an evacuated jacket whose main features are specified in the first claim and other features are specified in the subsequent claims. The features of the process are specified in claim 7.
- a first advantage of the evacuated jacket according to the present invention consists in that its envelope has a very good gas tightness also at the end seals, although it is made starting from a single barrier sheet.
- said support layer and said protecting layer being formed of mutually heat-sealable materials having a similar melting temperature, it is possible that the opposite layers which are joined together by means of said longitudinal welding belong to opposite sides of the sheet, so that the resulting envelope is flat in the welding area and does not comprise a longitudinal flange.
- said support layer and said protection layer are made of the same material.
- FIG. 1 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a barrier sheet that can be used for manufacturing an evacuated jacket according to said embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a step of the manufacturing of the evacuated jacket according to said embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a complete evacuated jacket according to said embodiment
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a lateral flange of the jacket of FIG. 3 taken along line IV-IV of the same figure;
- FIGS. 5 a, 5 b and 5 c the last being an enlarged partial sectional view, schematically show three steps of the manufacturing of a known jacket.
- barrier sheet 1 which forms the envelope of the evacuated jacket according to the present embodiment of the invention is a multi-layer comprising a central layer 2 provided with barrier properties towards atmospheric gases and consisting for example of a metal sheet, e.g. aluminum, having a thickness between 4 and 10 ⁇ m.
- a metal sheet e.g. aluminum
- said multi-layer comprises a lower layer 3 and an upper layer 4 suitable for providing support and protection for the central layer 2 , and to enable the heat-sealing of the sheet.
- the materials which form said layers are mutually heat-sealable.
- Said materials can be selected in the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyolefines, such as polyethylene, and polyvinylchloride, as well as mixtures and copolymers thereof.
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- the lower layer 3 and the upper layer 4 suitably have a thickness between 20 and 100 ⁇ m, preferably of about 50 ⁇ m.
- the lower layer 3 and the upper layer 4 are made of the same material.
- Particularly suitable for this purpose is high density polyethylene (known as HDPE).
- the envelope of the evacuated jacket according to the present invention is made rolling up said barrier sheet 1 so as to superimpose two opposite margins 5 and 6 thereof.
- the superimposition is carried out so as to contact the lower layer 3 at margin 5 with the upper layer 4 at the other margin 6 .
- a porous or discontinuous, organic or inorganic filling material of any known kind and optionally a getter material or device are inserted inside the envelope.
- getter materials or devices suitable for chemically sorbing moisture or other atmospheric gases, are known in the field and therefore do not need a detailed description.
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial view in cross-section of one of said lateral flanges 8 .
- it shows the portion of said flange which comprises the linear zone 7 of the longitudinal welding.
- the thickness of each lateral flange 8 is uniform all over its length, in spite of the threefold superimposition of the barrier sheet 1 , in the linear zone 7 of the longitudinal welding. This can be explained considering that in said linear zone 7 the lower layer 3 and upper layer 4 of the barrier sheet have become thinner.
- the heat of the welding bars causes said layers to be melted and to become soft, so that some of the polymeric material of which they are formed is discharged form the sides because of the pressure of said bars and can be removed.
- the edges of the envelope ends are perfectly sealed on themselves and no slot is present.
- the seals in this area are not perfect, so that the entrance of air inside the jacket is allowed which compromises the thermal insulation properties thereof.
Abstract
An evacuated jacket for thermal insulation comprises a discontinuous or porous, organic or inorganic filling material arranged inside an envelope made with at least one multi-layer barrier sheet (1) of substantially rectangular shape, which comprises at least one polymeric or inorganic central layer (2) having barrier properties towards atmospheric gases, an upper layer (4) and a lower layer (3), both of a polymeric material. The polymeric material which forms said upper layer (4) and the polymeric material which forms said lower layer (3) of the barrier sheet (1) are mutually heat-sealable and said barrier sheet (1) is folded up so as to superimpose two opposite sides (5, 6) thereof which are welded to each other by melting said upper layer (4) at one margin (6) and said lower layer (3) at the other margin (5). The present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing said evacuated jacket for thermal insulation.
Description
- The present invention relates to evacuated jackets for thermal insulation, and in particular it relates to an evacuated jacket comprising an improved envelope, as well as to a process for manufacturing the same.
- Evacuated jackets are being increasingly used in a number of fields wherein thermal insulation at temperatures lower than about 100° C. is required. As examples of application of these jackets, mention can be made of the walls of domestic and industrial refrigerators, of the beverage dispenser machines or of the containers for isotherm transportation, for example of drugs or cold or frozen foods. Further, applications of these jackets in the building field or in the car industry are being studied.
- As it is known, an evacuated jacket is formed of an envelope inside which a filling material is provided. The envelope has the purpose of preventing (or reducing as much as possible) the entrance of atmospheric gases into the jacket, so as to maintain a vacuum level compatible with the degree of thermal insulation required by the application. The filling material has mainly the function of spacing apart the two opposite sides of the envelope when the jacket is evacuated, and must have a porous or discontinuous internal structure, so that its porosities or interstices can be evacuated in order to perform the thermally insulating function. This material can be inorganic, such as for example silica powder, glass fibers, aerogels, diatomaceous earths, etc.; or organic, such as rigid polyurethane or polystyrene foams, both in the form of boards and of powders.
- The envelope is made with so-called “barrier” sheets, which are characterized by their gas permeability being as low as possible and can be made of a single component but more frequently are multi-layers of different components. In the case of the multi-layers the “barrier” effect is conferred by one of the component layers, or barrier layer, which can be formed of polymeric materials, such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers (known in the literature with the abbreviation EVOH); of polymeric layers on which a thin layer (generally less than 0.5 μm) of aluminum or of an inorganic oxide is deposited; or of a metal sheet, mainly aluminum, having a thickness generally comprised between 4 and 10 μm. The multi-layer barrier sheet comprises at least one support layer of a polymeric material having good mechanical features, particularly plasticity; said layer can be formed for example of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or a polyolefine. On the opposite side with respect to said support layer, the barrier layer is covered with at least one protection layer, also polymeric. The polymeric protection layers are commonly made of polyesters (for example polyethylene terephtalate, normally abbreviated in PET) or polyamides (for example, Nylon®). Multi-layers comprising five, six or even more superimposed layers are also common.
- The envelope is generally formed of two barrier sheets having rectangular shape, reciprocally joined along the margins thereof by means of perimetrical weldings. The so joined margins of the barrier sheets form four flanges arranged at the sides of the resulting envelope. However, the main drawback of the envelopes of this kind consists exactly in the presence of these flanges, which are very fragile and their possible fracturing can easily propagate beyond the perimetrical weldings, causing the permeation of atmospheric gases into the jacket and thus compromising the thermal insulating features thereof.
- In other technical fields, for example in food packaging, a general process for the preparation of an envelope starting with a single rectangular sheet of plastic material is known, which enables the reduction of the number of the flanges from four to two to be obtained. According to this process, whose steps are briefly illustrated in FIG. 5a-5 c, sheet S is rolled up on itself until two opposite margins M, M′, which belong to the same side of the sheet, meet together (FIG. 5a). Said margins are reciprocally joined by a longitudinal welding, thus forming a welding flange F which is then folded over the external surface of the sheet (FIG. 5b). Thus, an envelope is formed having two opened ends whose sealing, transversely to flange F, is carried out by inserting the edges thereof between welding bars. In the two areas wherein these weldings intersect the flange, the envelope takes on the conformation shown in FIG. 5c (which has an enlarged scale with respect to FIGS. 5a and 5 b).
- However, this process cannot be applied to evacuated jackets. As a matter of fact, in the folded position of FIG. 5c, flange F causes a thickness which reduces the passage of heat from the welding bars to the underlying polymeric layers of the barrier sheet and therefore prevents a perfect reciprocal sealing. Further, because of its stiffness, along the folding lines the barrier sheet hardly forms sharp corners and can be only curved; a slot (indicated with L in FIG. 5c) remains in the intersection area between flange F and the seals transversal thereto, which enables the passage of atmospheric gases towards the inside of the jacket, although in a reduced quantity. The smallest gas infiltrations resulting from this imperfections, which would be acceptable in other technical fields, are not acceptable in the case of the envelopes for evacuated jackets.
- Object of the present invention is therefore providing an evacuated jacket free from said drawbacks and a process for manufacturing the same. Said object is achieved by means of an evacuated jacket whose main features are specified in the first claim and other features are specified in the subsequent claims. The features of the process are specified in
claim 7. - A first advantage of the evacuated jacket according to the present invention consists in that its envelope has a very good gas tightness also at the end seals, although it is made starting from a single barrier sheet. As a matter of fact, thanks to said support layer and said protecting layer being formed of mutually heat-sealable materials having a similar melting temperature, it is possible that the opposite layers which are joined together by means of said longitudinal welding belong to opposite sides of the sheet, so that the resulting envelope is flat in the welding area and does not comprise a longitudinal flange.
- Consequently, when the edge of one end of the envelope is inserted between welding bars for the sealing thereof, the heat of said bars causes the melting of said support and protection layers, which become soft, thus allowing the welding bars to near each other so as to eliminate all the slots between the portions of said edges.
- An advantage of the process for manufacturing the evacuated jacket according to the present invention consists in that, simultaneously to the sealing of the envelope ends, the thickness of the transversal flanges is made uniform by the welding bars. As a matter of fact, while said bars are nearing each other, the exceeding material is discharged form the sides because of the pressure of said bars and can be removed.
- According to a particular aspect of the invention, said support layer and said protection layer are made of the same material.
- Further advantages and features of the evacuated jacket according to the present invention will appear to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of one embodiment thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
- FIG. 1 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a barrier sheet that can be used for manufacturing an evacuated jacket according to said embodiment;
- FIG. 2 shows a step of the manufacturing of the evacuated jacket according to said embodiment;
- FIG. 3 shows a complete evacuated jacket according to said embodiment;
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of a lateral flange of the jacket of FIG. 3 taken along line IV-IV of the same figure; and
- FIGS. 5a, 5 b and 5 c, the last being an enlarged partial sectional view, schematically show three steps of the manufacturing of a known jacket.
- With reference to FIG. 1, there is shown that
barrier sheet 1 which forms the envelope of the evacuated jacket according to the present embodiment of the invention is a multi-layer comprising acentral layer 2 provided with barrier properties towards atmospheric gases and consisting for example of a metal sheet, e.g. aluminum, having a thickness between 4 and 10 μm. - Further, said multi-layer comprises a
lower layer 3 and anupper layer 4 suitable for providing support and protection for thecentral layer 2, and to enable the heat-sealing of the sheet. In addition to the good mechanical features, particularly plasticity, it is required that the materials which form said layers are mutually heat-sealable. Said materials can be selected in the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyolefines, such as polyethylene, and polyvinylchloride, as well as mixtures and copolymers thereof. Thelower layer 3 and theupper layer 4 suitably have a thickness between 20 and 100 μm, preferably of about 50 μm. - According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the
lower layer 3 and theupper layer 4 are made of the same material. Particularly suitable for this purpose is high density polyethylene (known as HDPE). - With reference to FIG. 2, there is shown that the envelope of the evacuated jacket according to the present invention is made rolling up said
barrier sheet 1 so as to superimpose two opposite margins 5 and 6 thereof. The superimposition is carried out so as to contact thelower layer 3 at margin 5 with theupper layer 4 at the other margin 6. - Now, with reference to FIG. 3, there is shown that, by virtue of the mutual heat-sealability of said
lower layer 3 andupper layer 4, the longitudinal welding of the two margins 5 and 6 has been carried out without having to fold the barrier sheet, therefore the obtained envelope does not have a longitudinal flange and is flat in thelinear zone 7 of the longitudinal welding. - Subsequently, the open ends along the edges orthogonal to margins5 and 6 are sealed, by inserting said edges between welding bars. Once they have been sealed on themselves, said edges form two lateral flanges 8.
- Before the last sealing a porous or discontinuous, organic or inorganic filling material of any known kind, and optionally a getter material or device are inserted inside the envelope. A number of getter materials or devices, suitable for chemically sorbing moisture or other atmospheric gases, are known in the field and therefore do not need a detailed description.
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial view in cross-section of one of said lateral flanges8. In particular, it shows the portion of said flange which comprises the
linear zone 7 of the longitudinal welding. With reference to said drawing, there is shown that the thickness of each lateral flange 8 is uniform all over its length, in spite of the threefold superimposition of thebarrier sheet 1, in thelinear zone 7 of the longitudinal welding. This can be explained considering that in saidlinear zone 7 thelower layer 3 andupper layer 4 of the barrier sheet have become thinner. As a matter of fact, during the step of sealing the envelope ends, the heat of the welding bars causes said layers to be melted and to become soft, so that some of the polymeric material of which they are formed is discharged form the sides because of the pressure of said bars and can be removed. As it appears from the drawing, the edges of the envelope ends are perfectly sealed on themselves and no slot is present. On the contrary, by the process according to the state of the art which was previously described with reference to FIG. 5c, the seals in this area are not perfect, so that the entrance of air inside the jacket is allowed which compromises the thermal insulation properties thereof.
Claims (8)
1. An evacuated jacket for thermal insulation, comprising a discontinuous or porous, organic or inorganic filling material arranged inside an envelope made with at least one multi-layer barrier sheet (1) of substantially rectangular shape, which comprises at least one polymeric or inorganic central layer (2) having barrier properties towards atmospheric gases, an upper layer (4) and a lower layer (3), characterized in that said upper layer (4) and said lower layer (3) of the barrier sheet (1) are formed of mutually heat-sealable polymeric materials.
2. An evacuated jacket according to the preceding claim, characterized in that both the polymeric material which forms said upper layer (4) and the polymeric material which forms said lower layer (3) of the barrier sheet (1) are selected in the group consisting of: polyolefines, poliacrylonitrile, polyvinylchloride and mixtures or copolymers thereof.
3. An evacuated jacket according to the preceding claim, characterized in that both the upper layer (4) and the lower layer (3) of the barrier sheet are made of high density polyethylene or a copolymer thereof.
4. An evacuated jacket according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said upper layer (4) and said lower layer (3) of the barrier sheet (1) have a thickness between 20 and 100 μm.
5. An evacuated jacket according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said upper layer (4) and said lower layer (3) have a thickness of about 50 μm.
6. An evacuated jacket according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains a getter material or device.
7. A process for manufacturing an evacuated jacket according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
preparing one multi-layer barrier sheet having a substantially rectangular shape comprising at least one polymeric or inorganic central layer (2) having barrier properties towards atmospheric gases, an upper layer (4) and a lower layer (3) formed of mutually heat-sealable polymeric materials;
folding up said barrier layer (1) so as to superimpose two opposite margins thereof (5, 6) and welding together said margins by melting said upper layer (4) at one margin (6) and said lower margin (3) at the other margin (5), obtaining an envelope with two open ends;
sealing one open end of said envelope by welding on itself an edge of the barrier sheet which is orthogonal to said margins (5, 6);
inserting into the envelope a discontinuous or porous, inorganic Or organic filling material;
evacuating the interior of the envelope; and
sealing the other open end of the envelope by welding on itself the other edge of the barrier sheet which is orthogonal to said margins (5, 6).
8. A process according to claim 7 characterized in that, before the last sealing, a getter material is inserted inside the envelope.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT2000MI000287A IT1316769B1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2000-02-18 | EVACUATED PANEL FOR THERMAL INSULATION WITH REDUCED HEAT CONDUCTING AT THE EDGES |
ITMI2000A000287 | 2000-02-18 | ||
PCT/IT2001/000053 WO2001060598A2 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2001-02-07 | Evacuated jacket for thermal insulation and process for manufacturing the same |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT2001/000053 Continuation WO2001060598A2 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2001-02-07 | Evacuated jacket for thermal insulation and process for manufacturing the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20030006025A1 true US20030006025A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
Family
ID=11444077
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/223,140 Abandoned US20030006025A1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2002-08-19 | Evacuated jacket for thermal insulation and process for manufacturing the same |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20030006025A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1265746B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003522918A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100548674B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE252452T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001234076A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0108392A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2398890A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE60101050T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1265746T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2208559T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1052482A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1316769B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA02007904A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2253792C2 (en) |
TR (1) | TR200301897T4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001060598A2 (en) |
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- 2001-02-07 JP JP2001559676A patent/JP2003522918A/en active Pending
- 2001-02-07 TR TR2003/01897T patent/TR200301897T4/en unknown
- 2001-02-07 ES ES01906113T patent/ES2208559T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-07 RU RU2002124775/06A patent/RU2253792C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2001-02-07 AU AU2001234076A patent/AU2001234076A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-07 WO PCT/IT2001/000053 patent/WO2001060598A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-07 MX MXPA02007904A patent/MXPA02007904A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-07 DK DK01906113T patent/DK1265746T3/en active
- 2001-02-07 DE DE20121944U patent/DE20121944U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE252452T1 (en) | 2003-11-15 |
DE60101050T2 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
BR0108392A (en) | 2003-03-11 |
MX223141B (en) | 2004-09-29 |
ITMI20000287A1 (en) | 2001-08-18 |
ITMI20000287A0 (en) | 2000-02-18 |
TR200301897T4 (en) | 2004-01-21 |
CA2398890A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
WO2001060598A3 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
ES2208559T3 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
DK1265746T3 (en) | 2004-03-01 |
RU2253792C2 (en) | 2005-06-10 |
EP1265746B1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
WO2001060598A2 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
DE60101050D1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
JP2003522918A (en) | 2003-07-29 |
HK1052482A1 (en) | 2003-09-19 |
MXPA02007904A (en) | 2002-11-29 |
AU2001234076A1 (en) | 2001-08-27 |
DE20121944U1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
KR100548674B1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
IT1316769B1 (en) | 2003-05-12 |
EP1265746A2 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
KR20020084138A (en) | 2002-11-04 |
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