US20020151835A1 - Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system - Google Patents
Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20020151835A1 US20020151835A1 US10/172,191 US17219102A US2002151835A1 US 20020151835 A1 US20020151835 A1 US 20020151835A1 US 17219102 A US17219102 A US 17219102A US 2002151835 A1 US2002151835 A1 US 2002151835A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cannula
- cutter
- vacuum
- aspiration
- handpiece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/00736—Instruments for removal of intra-ocular material or intra-ocular injection, e.g. cataract instruments
- A61F9/00763—Instruments for removal of intra-ocular material or intra-ocular injection, e.g. cataract instruments with rotating or reciprocating cutting elements, e.g. concentric cutting needles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/74—Suction control
- A61M1/75—Intermittent or pulsating suction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/77—Suction-irrigation systems
Abstract
An ophthalmic cutter system that includes a cutter adapted to cut tissue such as a cataract lens and an irrigation handpiece adapted to hold the lens. The irrigation handpiece may be coupled to an irrigation system that introduces an irrigation fluid to the surgical site through the handpiece. The cutter may be coupled to an aspiration system that provides vacuum pulses to the surgical site. The vacuum pulses may pull tissue into a wire located at a distal end of a cutter cannula. The pulses may break and emulsify the tissue which is then aspirated through the cannula by the aspiration system. The wire may be connected to a controller that provides a current which is transformed into heat. The heat may assist in emulsifying the tissue.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a system for removing tissue from the human body.
- 2. Background Information
- Tissue, including cataract lenses, are typically removed with an ultrasonically driven handpiece. For example, in a cataract procedure, it is commonly referred to as phacoemulsification. A phaco handpiece includes a tip that is inserted through an incision formed in the cornea. The tip is oscillated by a driver unit at an ultrasonic frequency. The oscillating tip breaks and emulsifies the lens.
- The tip is coupled to an irrigation system that introduces irrigation fluid into the anterior chamber of the eye. The irrigation fluid cools the tip and maintains the ocular pressure of the anterior chamber. The irrigation fluid flows through an annular channel formed between the oscillating tip and an external protective sleeve. The sleeve is typically constructed from a material with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity to reduce the amount of heat that flows into the cornea. Excessive heating may permanently damage the eye.
- The tip is also coupled to an aspiration system that pulls the emulsified tissue and irrigation fluid out of the anterior chamber. The emulsified tissue and irrigation fluid flow through an inner channel in the oscillating tip.
- An intraocular lens is implanted into the eye after the cataract lens is emulsified and removed. It is desirable to reduce the size of the incision formed in the eye to reduce post-operative complications. There have been developed intraocular lenses that can be inserted through an incision approximately 2.5 millimeters (mm). Most phaco tips require an incision of 3 mm. It is difficult to further reduce the diameter of both the tip and the outer sleeve of a phaco tip to fit the 2.5 mm profile. It would be desirable to provide an ophthalmic cutting system that would require an incision smaller than incisions formed in prior art procedures. It would also be desirable to provide an ophthalmic cutting system that did not generate heat at the corneal incision. Other types of procedures would be enhanced by similar improvements.
- One embodiment of the present invention is an ophthalmic cutter system that includes a cutter adapted to cut tissue such as a cataract lens and an irrigation handpiece adapted to hold the lens. The irrigation handpiece may be coupled to an irrigation system that introduces an irrigation fluid to the surgical site through the handpiece. The cutter may be coupled to an aspiration system that provides vacuum pulses to the surgical site. The vacuum pulses may pull tissue into a wire located at a distal end of a cutter cannula. The pulses may break and emulsify the tissue which is then aspirated through the cannula by the aspiration system. The wire may be connected to a controller that provides a current which is transformed into heat. The heat may assist in emulsifying the tissue.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic of an embodiment of an ophthalmic cutter system of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a cutter of the system;
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing vacuum pressure versus time within an aspiration line of the system;
- FIG. 4 is a top view of an embodiment of a pulse generator.
- Referring to the drawings more particularly by reference numbers, FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an
ophthalmic cutter system 10 of the present invention. Thecutter system 10 may be used by a surgeon to cut and emulsify tissue. By way of example, thecutter system 10 may be employed to emulsify and aspirate a cataract lens within the eye. - The
system 10 may include acutter 12 that is coupled to anaspiration system 14. Thecutter 12 may include atip 16 that extends from ahandpiece 18 adapted to be held by a surgeon. Thetip 16 can be inserted into the eye to emulsify a lens. - FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a
cutter tip 16. Thetip 16 may include aninner cannula 20 that extends through aninner passage 22 of anouter cannula 24. Theinner cannula 20 may have aninner passage 26 in fluid communication with an opening 28 located at the distal end of thetip 16. Theinner cannula 20 may have a wire orwires 30 that extend across the opening 28. Although a pair of wires is shown, it is to be understood that a different number of wires may be employed in the present invention. - The
outer cannula 24 may have a plurality ofteeth 32 that can become embedded into tissue. Theouter cannula 24 may be fixed to thehandpiece 18 shown in FIG. 1. Theinner cannula 20 may be connected to aknob 34 that allows a surgeon to rotate thecannula 20. Thecutter 12 may also have a bearing assembly (not shown) that allows theinner cannula 20 to rotate relative to theouter cannula 24. Theinner cannula 20 may be rotated relative to theouter cannula 24 to induce a cutting action across thewires 30. - The
aspiration system 14 may include anaspiration tube 36 that is coupled to theinner passage 26 of theinner cannula 20. Theaspiration tube 36 is connected to avacuum pump 38 and acollection canister 40. By way of example, thevacuum pump 38 may be a peristaltic pump. Thevacuum pump 38 creates a vacuum pressure within theaspiration tube 36 and a flow of fluid from the opening 28 of theinner cannula 20 to thecanister 40. Theaspiration system 14 can pull emulsified tissue and fluid through theinner passage 26 and into thecanister 40. - The
aspiration system 14 may also have a pulse generator orother device 42 that can create vacuum pulses within theaspiration tube 36 and theinner passage 26. Thepulse generator 42 may create a series of vacuum pulses as shown in FIG. 3. The vacuum pulses reduce the pressure within thetube 36. Although square pulses are shown, it is to be understood that the pulses may have a variety of different waveforms. For example, the pulses may have a sawtooth waveform. - The
pulse generator 42 andvacuum pump 38 may be connected to acontroller 44. Thecontroller 44 can control the speed of thepump 38 and the corresponding steady state vacuum pressure within theaspiration tube 36. Thecontroller 44 can also control the repetition rate of the pulses generated by thepulse generator 42. The vacuum pressure and pulse rate can be varied by an operator throughexternal knobs console 50. The vacuum pressure and pulse rate may also be controlled through afoot pedal 52 connected to thecontroller 44. Thefoot pedal 52 andcontroller 44 may operate in two modes. The steady state vacuum pressure may be varied in the first mode. The pulse rate may be varied in the second mode. The first mode can be initiated by depressing thefoot pedal 52. Further depression of thefoot pedal 52 may initiate the second mode. Thesystem 10 may also be configured so that the operator can simultaneously vary the vacuum pressure and the pulse rate. - The
controller 44 may also be electrically connected to the wire(s) 30. Thecontroller 44 may provide a current to the wire(s) 30 to generate heat. The heat can assist in emulsifying the tissue. The current may be direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC) including AC current at a radio frequency (RF). The amplitude and/or frequency of the current can be controlled through thefoot pedal 52 or knobs. Although a connection between thecontroller 44 and wire(s) 30 is described, it is to be understood that the heating element may be another element or device. - The
system 10 may have anirrigation system 54. Theirrigation system 54 may have anaspiration handpiece 56 adapted to hold the tissue during emulsification. Thehandpiece 56 may have ajaw portion 58 that extends from ahandle portion 60. Thehandle portion 60 may be held by the surgeon. Thehandpiece 56 may further have aninner passage 62 that is in fluid communication with anopening 64. Theinner passage 62 is in fluid communication with anirrigation tube 66. Theirrigation tube 66 is connected to anirrigation bag 68. Theirrigation bag 68 may gravity feed irrigation fluid into theinner passage 62 and through theopening 64. - In operation, the
tip 16 may be inserted through an incision formed in the eye. Because the tip of the present invention does not have the outer sleeve typically found in phaco tip of the prior art, thetip 16 of the present invention may be constructed so that the incision is on the order of 1 millimeter. This incision size is smaller than incisions found in the prior art. Especially with respect to phaco procedures which utilize phaco devices that have an outer irrigation sleeve. The outer sleeve of phaco tips increases the overall diameter of the tips and the size of the incision. By eliminating the outer sleeve, the device of the present invention reduces the overall diameter of the tip and the size of the incision. - The
irrigation handpiece 54 can be introduced into the anterior chamber through an opening separate from the incision used for the aspiration tip. Theirrigation system 54 provides irrigation fluid to the anterior chamber to maintain the pressure therein. Thevacuum pump 38 may be actuated to create a flow of fluid from the anterior chamber to thecanister 40 by depressing thefoot pedal 52. The surgeon can manipulate thetip 16 so that the teeth of theouter cannula 20 become embedded into the lens of the eye. Thepulse generator 42 can be activated to create the vacuum pulses by further depressing thefoot pedal 52. The vacuum pulses repetitively pull the lens into the wires to cut the lens tissue. The pulsing effect enhances the vacuum energy, resulting in added efficiency of tissue removal. The surgeon can also rotate theinner cannula 20 to further induce cutting of the lens. The broken lens is then aspirated through theinner passage 26 and into thecanister 40. - The present invention is to be distinguished from ultrasonically driven handpieces which move a tip into and out of the lens with energy referred to as cavitation. The movement of prior art tips relative to the outer protective sleeves generates heat that may damage the eye typically through thermal shrinkage of the cornea. The present invention pulls the lens into and away from the tip and thus does not generate the heat found in ultrasonically driven phaco tips of the prior art.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a
pulse generator 42. Thegenerator 42 may include asyringe 70 that is connected to theaspiration tube 36. Thegenerator 42 may further have a plurality ofrotating weights 72 that repetitively strike aplunger 74 of thesyringe 70. A vacuum pulse is created each time a weight engages theplunger 74. Theweights 72 may be connected to arotary motor 76 by a plurality ofspring rods 78. The speed of themotor 76 can be controlled by thecontroller 44 shown in FIG. 1. Theplunger 74 may be biased in an inward direction by a biasing spring (not shown). - While certain exemplary embodiments have been described and shown in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such embodiments are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad invention, and that this invention not be limited to the specific constructions and arrangements shown and described, since various other modifications may occur to those ordinarily skilled in the art.
- For example, although the
system 10 has been described for use in an eye, it is to be understood that the tip and other components can be used to cut, emulsify, etc. tissue in other areas. For example, the system could be used to perform procedures on a prostate or a spinal disk and liposuction.
Claims (29)
1. An aspiration system that can be coupled to a medical handpiece, comprising:
an aspiration tube;
a vacuum generator adapted to create a vacuum pressure within said aspiration tube; and,
a pulse generator adapted to create a plurality of vacuum pulses within said aspiration tube.
2. The aspiration system of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum pulses decrease the pressure within said aspiration tube.
3. The aspiration system of claim 1 , wherein said pulse generator is coupled to an input device that can be manipulated to vary a repetition rate of the vacuum pulses.
4. The aspiration system of claim 3 , wherein said input device is a foot pedal.
5. An medical handpiece, comprising:
a first cannula that has an inner passage which is in fluid communication with a distal opening; and,
a wire that extends across said distal opening.
6. The handpiece of claim 5 , further comprising a second cannula that extends over said first cannula.
7. The handpiece of claim 6 , wherein said second cannula has a plurality of external teeth.
8. The handpiece of claim 6 , wherein said first cannula can be rotated within said second cannula.
9. A tissue removal system, comprising:
a cutter adapted to cut a tissue;
an irrigation handpiece adapted to hold the tissue;
an aspiration system coupled to said cutter; and,
an irrigation system coupled to said irrigation handpiece.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein said aspiration system includes an aspiration tube, a vacuum generator adapted to create a vacuum pressure within said aspiration tube, and a pulse generator adapted to create a plurality of vacuum pulses within said aspiration tube.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the vacuum pulses decrease the pressure within said aspiration tube.
12. The system of claim 10 , wherein said pulse generator is coupled to an input device that can be manipulated to vary a repetition rate of the vacuum pulses.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein said input device is a foot pedal.
14. The system of claim 9 , wherein said cutter includes a first cannula that has an inner passage in fluid communication with a distal opening, and a wire that extends across said distal opening.
15. The system of claim 14 , further comprising a second cannula that extends over said first cannula.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein said second cannula has a plurality of external teeth.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein said first cannula can be rotated within said second cannula.
18. A medical cutter, comprising:
a first cannula that has an inner passage that is in fluid communication with a distal opening;
a wire that extends across said distal opening;
an aspiration tube that is in fluid communication with said inner passage;
a vacuum generator adapted to create a vacuum pressure within said aspiration tube; and,
a pulse generator adapted to create a plurality of vacuum pulses within said aspiration tube.
19. The cutter of claim 18 , wherein the vacuum pulses decrease the pressure within said aspiration tube.
20. The cutter of claim 18 , wherein said pulse generator is coupled to an input device that can be manipulated to vary a repetition rate of the vacuum pulses.
21. The cutter of claim 20 , wherein said input device is a foot pedal.
22. The cutter of claim 18 , further comprising a second cannula that extends over said first cannula.
23. The cutter of claim 22 , wherein said second cannula has a plurality of external teeth.
24. The cutter of claim 22 , wherein said first cannula can be rotated within said second cannula.
25. A medical device, comprising:
a first cannula that has an inner passage which is in fluid communication with a distal opening;
a heating element that is coupled to said first cannula; and,
a controller that provides energy to said heating element.
26. The device of claim 25 , wherein said heating element is a wire that extends across said distal opening.
27. The device of claim 25 , further comprising a second cannula that extends over said first cannula.
28. The device of claim 25 , wherein said second cannula has a plurality of external teeth.
29. The device of claim 25 , wherein said first cannula can be rotated within said second cannula.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/172,191 US20020151835A1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2002-06-13 | Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/495,633 US6428508B1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system |
US10/172,191 US20020151835A1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2002-06-13 | Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/495,633 Continuation US6428508B1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20020151835A1 true US20020151835A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
Family
ID=23969381
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/495,633 Expired - Lifetime US6428508B1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system |
US10/172,191 Abandoned US20020151835A1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2002-06-13 | Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/495,633 Expired - Lifetime US6428508B1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Pulsed vacuum cataract removal system |
Country Status (3)
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US (2) | US6428508B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001234726A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001087380A1 (en) |
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US11638660B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2023-05-02 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Cataract Technology Inc. | Ophthalmic microsurgical tools, systems, and methods of use |
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US11730625B2 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2023-08-22 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Cataract Technology Inc. | Ophthalmic cutting instruments having integrated aspiration pump |
US11801163B2 (en) | 2019-06-07 | 2023-10-31 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Cataract Technology Inc. | Multi-stage trigger for ophthalmology cutting tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6428508B1 (en) | 2002-08-06 |
AU2001234726A1 (en) | 2001-11-26 |
WO2001087380A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
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