US20020127398A1 - Protective yarn - Google Patents
Protective yarn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20020127398A1 US20020127398A1 US10/082,482 US8248202A US2002127398A1 US 20020127398 A1 US20020127398 A1 US 20020127398A1 US 8248202 A US8248202 A US 8248202A US 2002127398 A1 US2002127398 A1 US 2002127398A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- yarn
- wrapped
- strand
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 57
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009975 flexible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 60
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- ONCZDRURRATYFI-QTCHDTBASA-N methyl (2z)-2-methoxyimino-2-[2-[[(e)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylideneamino]oxymethyl]phenyl]acetate Chemical compound CO\N=C(/C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1CO\N=C(/C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ONCZDRURRATYFI-QTCHDTBASA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 108010064245 urinary gonadotropin fragment Proteins 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/442—Cut or abrasion resistant yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
- D02G3/18—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like
- D02G3/182—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure
- D02G3/185—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure in the core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
- D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
- D04B1/28—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel gloves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/902—High modulus filament or fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/911—Penetration resistant layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
- Y10T428/2924—Composite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/298—Physical dimension
Definitions
- the present invention relates to protective yarns. More particularly, the present invention relates to a protective yarn having a fiberglass fiber core and one or more cover members of fibers that are of dissimilar materials from the core fibers.
- gloves knitted from engineered yarns While dramatically increasing the flexibility and manual dexterity, gloves engineered using aramid fibers such as “Kevlar®” and gloves engineered using ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fiber such as ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene extended chain polyethylenes are extremely costly.
- Commercial examples of gloves using these engineered yarns include Spectra® 900 and Spectra® 1000, sold by AlliedSignal, Inc and Kevlar®, sold by the Du Pont Company of Wilmington, Del. Garments knitted with yarns such as Spectra® have problems with yarn shrinkage.
- a need therefore, exists for an engineered protective yarn which provides cut protection and freedom of movement at a lower cost.
- a need also exists for an engineered protective yarn which resists the effects of high temperatures such as shrinkage.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,384,449 shows protective gloves and the like and a yarn comprising a core of a flexible wire alongside an aramid fiber strand or strands and a covering of aramid fiber such as that manufactured and sold under the trademark ‘Kevlar’ by the DuPont Company of Wilmington, Del. in which the aramid fiber is either spun or filament.
- Two aramid fiber strands, either spun or filament, are wrapped around the core with one strand wrapped in a clockwise direction and the other strand wrapped in a counter-clockwise direction with the opposite spiral wrapping of the strands serving to secure the strands in position on the core without any other securing means.
- the yarn having a flexible core with aramid fiber strands wrapped thereon is used to make protective gloves on conventional glove knitting or weaving machinery and is capable of movement in relation to needle eyes and the like without jamming in the same manner as various natural and synthetic fiber yarns.
- the yarn having a flexible core with aramid fiber strands wrapped thereon is also used in making various other products normally made of conventional fiber yarn.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,651,514 shows an electrically non-conductive, cut and abrasion resistant yarn for use in the manufacture of protective coverings including a core of monofilament nylon having a diameter in the range of about 0.004 to 0.020 inches, a first wrap on the core of at least one strand of aramid fiber having a cotton count size in the range of about 1/1 to 30/1 and a second wrap on the core of texturized nylon of two to eight ply construction. Each ply is made up of 24 to 44 nylon filaments with each filament being about 50-90 denier.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,777,789 shows an improved yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn where the yarn, fabric and garment exhibit increased cut resistance.
- the yarn includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core, the covering includes at least one strand of wire wrapped around the core.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,818,587 shows nonwoven fabrics contain at least 30% by weight of heat-adhesive composite fibers consisting of core portion and sheath portion, said core portion being of the side-by-side type composite structure comprising two core components of different polypropylene base polymers in a composite ratio of 1:2 to 2:1, one of said core components having a Q value, expressed in terms of the weight-average molecular weight/the number-average molecular weight, equal to or higher than 6 and the other having a Q value equal to or lower than 5, and said sheath portion meeting at least the requirement that it should comprise a sheath component of a polyethylene base polymer having a melting point lower by at least 20° C.
- the nonwoven fabrics are bulky and soft due to the crimps of the heat-adhesive composite fibers resultant form the core portion and are stabilized by the inter-fiber bonds of the sheath portion.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,838,017 shows an improved yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn where the yarn, fabric and garment exhibit increased cut resistance.
- the yarn includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core, the covering includes at least one strand of wire wrapped around the core.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,886,691 shows a cut resistant article comprising a cut resistant jacket surrounding a less cut resistant member.
- the jacket comprises a fabric of yarn and the yarn consists essentially of a high strength, longitudinal strand having a tensile strength of at least 1 GPa.
- the strand is wrapped with another fiber or the same fiber.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,936,085 shows an improved yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn, where the yarn, fabric and, garment exhibit increased cut resistance, flexibility, pliability and softness.
- the yarn is non-metallic and includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core. At least one of the strands is fiberglass, the non-fiberglass strands are preferably nylon or polyester.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,010,723 shows a yarn produced from two or more twisted cellulosic fibers, such as cotton or cotton rayon fibers, the plies being helically wound around a thermoplastic filament core which is subsequently melted to bind the inner portions of the yarn together so that it does not untwist or shed lint readily.
- the yarn is employed in a dust mop or floor mat for a shampoo bonnet for stain resistant treated carpet.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,119,512 shows a cut resistant article comprising a cut resistant jacket surrounding a less cut resistant member.
- the jacket comprises a fabric of yarn and the yarn consists essentially of a high strength, longitudinal strand having a tensile strength of at least 1 GPa.
- the strand is wrapped with another fiber or the same fiber.
- the invention is a highly cut resistant yarn of at least two nonmetallic fibers. One fiber is inherently cut resistant like high strength polyethylene, polypropylene or aramids.
- the other fiber in the yarn has a high level of hardness.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,177,948 shows an improved non-metallic yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn, where the yarn, fabric and garment exhibit increased cut resistance, flexibility, pliability and softness.
- the yarn is non-metallic and includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core. At least one of the strands of the core is fiberglass, the non-fiberglass strands are preferably nylon, extended chain polyethylene, aramid or polyester.
- a protective yarn has a single fiberglass core fiber and one or more cover members.
- the cover members are selected from the group consisting of aramid fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fiber, polyester, nylon and polyacrylic fibers.
- the cover members are wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in a manner which permits successive layers to be wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in an direction opposite that of the cover member immediately below.
- the present invention provides cut resistance equal to or greater than that obtained by using purely engineered cut resistant fibers such as Spectra® and Kevlar® at a significantly lower cost.
- Substituting a lower strength hard and brittle fiber material such as fiberglass to the core of the yarn adds a significant level of cut resistance at a fraction of the cost.
- the addition of new yarn components has substantially reduced a user's manual dexterity problems and increased the protection offered for cuts.
- the present invention overcomes the limitations of existing protective yarns by using a single longitudinal core fiber that is a hard and brittle material.
- the core material is a strand of fiberglass.
- a series of covering wraps are employed. These covering wraps may also be a highly cut resistant material in and of themselves.
- the outer cover wrap may be a fiber that is smooth to the touch such as polyester or nylon.
- the covering wraps may be selected from the group consisting of polyolefins such as Spectra® or aramids such as Kevlar®.
- the cover members are wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in a manner which permits successive layers to be wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in an opposite direction from the cover element immediately below.
- the resulting protective yarns are then suitable for knitting into protective gloves and other protective garments. These yarns offer an inexpensive alternative to existing protective yarns while providing substantial cut protection without irritating a user's skin.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a protective yarn.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a yarn with a sufficiently low composite denier such that the composite yarn is knittable into a protective glove or other protective apparel.
- Another objection of the present invention is to provide a protective yarn that can be knitted into a glove which does not irritate the wearer's skin, thereby increasing the likelihood that a person will continuously wear the gloves.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a protective yarn that can be knitted into a glove which is flexible and which does not unacceptably diminish the manual dexterity of the wearer.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a protective yarn that can maintain its size when it is exposed to the extremely high temperatures employed in washing protective garments and gloves in order to kill bacteria.
- Another objective of the present invention is to minimize the undesirable shrinkage of composite yarns having Spectra® fiber or other similar fiber when the composite yarn is subjected to the cleaning process.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a yarn having fewer defects for efficient knotting of protective garments and gloves with superior characteristics.
- the improved protective yarn is a single longitudinal fiberglass fiber core wraped with cover layers composed of fibers selected from the group consisting of polyolefins such as Spectra® or aramids such as Kevlar®. Winding the cover layers on the fiberglass core so that an adjacent cover layer is wound in a direction opposite to the layer immediately beneath it gives the protective yarn the desired characteristics at a much lower cost than existing yarns.
- the invented protective yarn is flexible enough that it can be knitted into a protective fabric or garment on conventional knitting or weaving machines and yet is strong enough to offer substantial cut resistance. Finally, the invented protective yarn resists shrinkage which results from exposure to extremely high temperatures during the washing process.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a partially unwound protective yarn of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of a partially unwound alternative embodiment of the protective yarn of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invented protective yarn, referred to generally as 10 .
- the protective yarn 10 is a composite which includes a core 20 and at least one cover member, referred to generally as 30 .
- the cover members 30 minimize break out of fiberglass fragments from the core strand 20 .
- the cover members 30 are wrapped, wound or twisted in a direction opposite that of an adjacent member.
- the cover member 30 has three helical covers.
- An inner cover 40 is wrapped, wound or twisted on the core 20 .
- a middle cover 50 is wrapped, wound or twisted on the inner core 40 such that the orientation of the middle cover helix is opposite that of the inner cover helix.
- An outer cover 60 is wrapped, wound or twisted on the middle cover 50 such that the orientation of the outer cover helix is opposite that of the middle cover helix.
- the inner cover 40 is wrapped on the core 20 in a right hand direction.
- the middle cover 50 is wrapped on the inner cover 40 in a left hand direction.
- the outer cover 60 is wrapped on the middle cover 50 in a right hand direction.
- the core 20 is preferably a single longitudinal strand of fiberglass fiber.
- the fiber must have be substantially hard and sufficently flexible to permit the protective yarn to be knitted into a protective fabric or garment on conventional knitting or weaving machines.
- a G-50 glass fiber having an 890 denier is exemplary.
- a fiberglass strand having about the same denier count may be substituted for the G-50 glass fiber 20 shown in FIG. 1.
- the cover members 30 will have at least one layer of a fiber which will provide cut protection. Furthermore, at least one of the cover members 30 will be a fiber selected from the group consisting of aramid fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fiber, polyester, nylon and polyacrylic fibers.
- inner cover 40 is 650 denier Spectra®, an extended chain polyethylene or polyolefin.
- the middle cover 50 is a 650 Spectra® fiber.
- the Inc. outer cover is a Type 1000 650 denier Spectra® from AlliedSignal Inc. as opposed to Type 900 650 denier AlliedSignal Spectra®.
- outer cover 60 may also employ Type 900 AlliedSignal Spectra® or a substantially equivalent denier.
- the composite denier of protective yarn 10 is 3190.
- the number of turns per inch that the cover members 30 are wound around the core 20 varies according to the cover layer and cover material.
- the inner cover 40 is wound on the core 20 at approximately 4.8 turns per inch.
- the middle cover 50 is wound on the inner cover 40 at approximately 9.1 turns per inch.
- the outer cover 60 is wrapped on the middle cover 50 at approximately 8.2 turns per inch.
- a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2.
- a protective yarn generally referred to as 110
- Cover members generally referred to as 130 , are wound on the core 120 .
- one of the cover members 30 is a substantially non-slippery fiber.
- the non-slippery fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyester, nylon and cotton.
- the outer cover 60 is a 1000 denier Polyester.
- the yarn core 120 is a G-50 glass strand of 890 denier.
- the cover members 130 has three helical covers.
- An inner cover 140 is wrapped on the core 120 .
- a middle cover 150 is wrapped on the inner core 140 such that the orientation of the middle cover helix is opposite that of the inner cover helix.
- An outer cover 160 is wrapped on the middle cover 150 such that the orientation of the outer cover helix is opposite that of the middle cover helix.
- the inner cover 140 is wrapped on the core 120 in a right hand direction.
- the middle cover 150 is wrapped on the inner cover 140 in a left hand direction.
- the outer cover 160 is wrapped on the middle cover 150 in a right hand direction.
- FIG. 2 shows an inner cover 140 using 650 denier AlliedSignal Spectra® Type 900.
- the inner cover 140 is wound around the core 120 at 4.8 turns per inch.
- the middle cover 150 uses 650 denier AlliedSignal Spectra® Type 900.
- the middle cover 150 is wound on the inner cover 140 at 9.1 turns per inch.
- the outer cover 160 is 1000 denier polyester.
- the outer cover 160 is wound on the middle cover 150 at 8.2 turns per inch.
- the composite denier of protective yarn 110 is 3780.
- outer cover 160 could be polyester, nylon, cotton or a similar non-high cut-resistant fiber.
- the use of a non-high cut-resistant fiber as an outer cover 160 reduces the “slickness” of any glove or other fabric knitted from protective yarn 110 . Because it is known that Spectral is “slick” therefore making it more difficult for a user to grasp an item without slippage while wearing a glove formed from a protective yarn 110 in which outer covers 160 are Spectra®, the outer cover 160 is so formulated.
- An additional benefit of the present invention's yarn structure and yarn components is that the shrinkage of any fabric made from such yarn is reduced from that of a yarn having a Spectra® member(s) in the core 120 . Because Spectra® shrinks along its longitudinal axis from exposure to extreme heat typical in the cleaning process, the garment or item composed soley of such fibers will tend to shrink or disform thereby rendering the garment useless.
- the fiberglass core in the present invention does not suffer from this problem. Furthermore, when the Spectra® cover member shrink around the fiberglass core, the cover members will merely wrap somewhat more tightly around the core 120 .
- Table 1 reflects the reduction in shrinkage between gloves containing fiberglass as in the present invention and gloves containing only Spectra® fibers as in the prior art.
- Knitted gloves have inherent shrinkage because of the looseness of the knit. I placed the length of fiber in a steam box at high temperature. Most gloves are washed at temperature of 180 degrees F. I washed them at 200 degrees F. The following numbers represent the outcomes of my tests.
Abstract
A protective yarn having a single fiberglass core fiber and one or more cover members is disclosed. At least one of the cover members are fibers selected from the group consisting of aramid fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fiber, polyester, nylon and polyacrylic fibers. To prevent glass fragment breakout, the cover members are wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in a manner which permits successive layers to be wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in an opposite direction from the cover member immediately below. In a preferred embodiment, one of the cover members is a substantially non-slippery fiber. The non-slippery fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyester, nylon and cotton. The construction and composition of the invented protective yarn provides a low cost component for making protective gloves and other protective garments capable of providing a user substantial cut protection while affording the user significant freedom of movement. The invented protective yarn also resists shrinkage during the cleaning process which is typical of existing protective gloves and garments.
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S.
Provisional Application 60/020,640, filed Jun. 27, 1996. - The present invention relates to protective yarns. More particularly, the present invention relates to a protective yarn having a fiberglass fiber core and one or more cover members of fibers that are of dissimilar materials from the core fibers.
- Protective clothing has existed for hundreds of years. Among the first type of protective clothing was armor worn by knights. Of course, these heavy and inflexible metal sheets limited a knight's movement and visibility. While providing excellent protection against blade injuries, plate armor limited the manual dexterity of the wearer. Later, armorers developed chain mail, and while permitting some manual dexterity on the part of the wearer, their mail was heavy and quickly fatigued the wearer.
- Until recently, meat cutting plants employed chain mail type gloves to prevent accidental cuts to a meat cutters' hands. Like their medieval counterparts, the chain mail worn by meat cutters quickly fatigued the user's hands.
- More recently, users needing protection against cuts and also requiring a high level of dexterity have turned to gloves knitted from engineered yarns. While dramatically increasing the flexibility and manual dexterity, gloves engineered using aramid fibers such as “Kevlar®” and gloves engineered using ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fiber such as ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene extended chain polyethylenes are extremely costly. Commercial examples of gloves using these engineered yarns include Spectra® 900 and Spectra® 1000, sold by AlliedSignal, Inc and Kevlar®, sold by the Du Pont Company of Wilmington, Del. Garments knitted with yarns such as Spectra® have problems with yarn shrinkage.
- A need, therefore, exists for an engineered protective yarn which provides cut protection and freedom of movement at a lower cost. A need also exists for an engineered protective yarn which resists the effects of high temperatures such as shrinkage.
- Numerous attempts have been made to employ fiberglass fiber in protective yarns which are then knitted into protective gloves. However, a new problem has been created by adding fiberglass fiber to yarn. Fiberglass fiber is brittle and small glass fragments are likely to separate from the glass fibers and irritate the skin of the user. Naturally, glove irritation reduces the likelihood that a user will wear their protective garments. Attempts have been made to coat fiberglass fiber in order to prevent skin irritating fragments from detaching from the main fiber strand. However, these coating attempts have proven to be less than completely successful.
- Applicants are aware of the following relevant U.S. patents.
U.S. PAT. NO. ISSUE DATE INVENTOR TITLE 4,383,449 05-23-1983 Byrne, Sr. PROTECTIVE GLOVES et al. AND THE LIKE AND A YARN WITH FLEX- IBLE CORE WRAPPED WITH ARAMID FIBER 4,651,514 03-24-1987 Collett ELECTRICALLY NONCONDUCTIVE, ABRASION AND CUT RESISTANT YARN 4,777,789 10-18-1988 Kolmes et al. WIRE WRAPPED YARN FOR PROTEC- TIVE GARMENTS 4,818,587 04-04-1989 Ejima et al. NONWOVEN FABRICS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THEM 4,838,017 06-13-1989 Kolmes et al. WIRE WRAPPED YARN FOR PROTEC- TIVE GARMENTS 4,886,691 12-12-1989 Wincklhofer CUT RESISTANT JACKET FOR ROPES, WEBBING, STRAPS, INFLATABLES AND THE LIKE 4,936,085 06-26-1990 Kolmes et al. YARN AND GLOVE 5,010,723 04-30-1991 Wilen TWISTED YARN WHICH WILL MAINTAIN ITS TWIST AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM 5,119,512 06-09-1992 Dunbar et al. CUT RESISTANT YARN, FABRIC AND GLOVES 5,177,948 01-12-1993 Kolmes et al. YARN AND GLOVE - U.S. Pat. No. 4,384,449 shows protective gloves and the like and a yarn comprising a core of a flexible wire alongside an aramid fiber strand or strands and a covering of aramid fiber such as that manufactured and sold under the trademark ‘Kevlar’ by the DuPont Company of Wilmington, Del. in which the aramid fiber is either spun or filament. Two aramid fiber strands, either spun or filament, are wrapped around the core with one strand wrapped in a clockwise direction and the other strand wrapped in a counter-clockwise direction with the opposite spiral wrapping of the strands serving to secure the strands in position on the core without any other securing means. The yarn having a flexible core with aramid fiber strands wrapped thereon is used to make protective gloves on conventional glove knitting or weaving machinery and is capable of movement in relation to needle eyes and the like without jamming in the same manner as various natural and synthetic fiber yarns. The yarn having a flexible core with aramid fiber strands wrapped thereon is also used in making various other products normally made of conventional fiber yarn.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,651,514 shows an electrically non-conductive, cut and abrasion resistant yarn for use in the manufacture of protective coverings including a core of monofilament nylon having a diameter in the range of about 0.004 to 0.020 inches, a first wrap on the core of at least one strand of aramid fiber having a cotton count size in the range of about 1/1 to 30/1 and a second wrap on the core of texturized nylon of two to eight ply construction. Each ply is made up of 24 to 44 nylon filaments with each filament being about 50-90 denier.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,777,789 shows an improved yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn where the yarn, fabric and garment exhibit increased cut resistance. The yarn includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core, the covering includes at least one strand of wire wrapped around the core.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,818,587 shows nonwoven fabrics contain at least 30% by weight of heat-adhesive composite fibers consisting of core portion and sheath portion, said core portion being of the side-by-side type composite structure comprising two core components of different polypropylene base polymers in a composite ratio of 1:2 to 2:1, one of said core components having a Q value, expressed in terms of the weight-average molecular weight/the number-average molecular weight, equal to or higher than 6 and the other having a Q value equal to or lower than 5, and said sheath portion meeting at least the requirement that it should comprise a sheath component of a polyethylene base polymer having a melting point lower by at least 20° C. than the lower one of the melting points of said two core components. The nonwoven fabrics are bulky and soft due to the crimps of the heat-adhesive composite fibers resultant form the core portion and are stabilized by the inter-fiber bonds of the sheath portion.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,838,017 shows an improved yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn where the yarn, fabric and garment exhibit increased cut resistance. The yarn includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core, the covering includes at least one strand of wire wrapped around the core.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,886,691 shows a cut resistant article comprising a cut resistant jacket surrounding a less cut resistant member. The jacket comprises a fabric of yarn and the yarn consists essentially of a high strength, longitudinal strand having a tensile strength of at least 1 GPa. The strand is wrapped with another fiber or the same fiber.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,936,085 shows an improved yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn, where the yarn, fabric and, garment exhibit increased cut resistance, flexibility, pliability and softness. The yarn is non-metallic and includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core. At least one of the strands is fiberglass, the non-fiberglass strands are preferably nylon or polyester.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,010,723 shows a yarn produced from two or more twisted cellulosic fibers, such as cotton or cotton rayon fibers, the plies being helically wound around a thermoplastic filament core which is subsequently melted to bind the inner portions of the yarn together so that it does not untwist or shed lint readily. The yarn is employed in a dust mop or floor mat for a shampoo bonnet for stain resistant treated carpet.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,119,512 shows a cut resistant article comprising a cut resistant jacket surrounding a less cut resistant member. The jacket comprises a fabric of yarn and the yarn consists essentially of a high strength, longitudinal strand having a tensile strength of at least 1 GPa. The strand is wrapped with another fiber or the same fiber. In another embodiment, the invention is a highly cut resistant yarn of at least two nonmetallic fibers. One fiber is inherently cut resistant like high strength polyethylene, polypropylene or aramids. The other fiber in the yarn has a high level of hardness.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,177,948 shows an improved non-metallic yarn, fabric and protective garment made from such yarn, where the yarn, fabric and garment exhibit increased cut resistance, flexibility, pliability and softness. The yarn is non-metallic and includes a core made of fiber and a covering wrapped around the core. At least one of the strands of the core is fiberglass, the non-fiberglass strands are preferably nylon, extended chain polyethylene, aramid or polyester.
- In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protective yarn has a single fiberglass core fiber and one or more cover members. The cover members are selected from the group consisting of aramid fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fiber, polyester, nylon and polyacrylic fibers. The cover members are wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in a manner which permits successive layers to be wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in an direction opposite that of the cover member immediately below.
- By using only one fiberglass core instead of multiple non-glass fiber cores, the present invention provides cut resistance equal to or greater than that obtained by using purely engineered cut resistant fibers such as Spectra® and Kevlar® at a significantly lower cost. Substituting a lower strength hard and brittle fiber material such as fiberglass to the core of the yarn adds a significant level of cut resistance at a fraction of the cost. The addition of new yarn components has substantially reduced a user's manual dexterity problems and increased the protection offered for cuts.
- The present invention overcomes the limitations of existing protective yarns by using a single longitudinal core fiber that is a hard and brittle material. Typically, the core material is a strand of fiberglass. In order to minimize the amount of fiberglass fragments that break free from the fiberglass strand and irritate the skin of the person coming in contact with the fiberglass fragments, a series of covering wraps are employed. These covering wraps may also be a highly cut resistant material in and of themselves. In addition, the outer cover wrap may be a fiber that is smooth to the touch such as polyester or nylon. However, in order to maximize cut resistance, the covering wraps may be selected from the group consisting of polyolefins such as Spectra® or aramids such as Kevlar®.
- Preferably, the cover members are wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in a manner which permits successive layers to be wrapped, wound or twisted around the core in an opposite direction from the cover element immediately below.
- The resulting protective yarns are then suitable for knitting into protective gloves and other protective garments. These yarns offer an inexpensive alternative to existing protective yarns while providing substantial cut protection without irritating a user's skin.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a protective yarn.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a yarn with a sufficiently low composite denier such that the composite yarn is knittable into a protective glove or other protective apparel.
- Another objection of the present invention is to provide a protective yarn that can be knitted into a glove which does not irritate the wearer's skin, thereby increasing the likelihood that a person will continuously wear the gloves.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a protective yarn that can be knitted into a glove which is flexible and which does not unacceptably diminish the manual dexterity of the wearer.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a protective yarn that can maintain its size when it is exposed to the extremely high temperatures employed in washing protective garments and gloves in order to kill bacteria.
- Another objective of the present invention is to minimize the undesirable shrinkage of composite yarns having Spectra® fiber or other similar fiber when the composite yarn is subjected to the cleaning process.
- Another objective of the present invention is to provide a yarn having fewer defects for efficient knotting of protective garments and gloves with superior characteristics.
- From the foregoing, it is readily apparent that we have invented an improved protective yarn. The improved protective yarn is a single longitudinal fiberglass fiber core wraped with cover layers composed of fibers selected from the group consisting of polyolefins such as Spectra® or aramids such as Kevlar®. Winding the cover layers on the fiberglass core so that an adjacent cover layer is wound in a direction opposite to the layer immediately beneath it gives the protective yarn the desired characteristics at a much lower cost than existing yarns. The invented protective yarn is flexible enough that it can be knitted into a protective fabric or garment on conventional knitting or weaving machines and yet is strong enough to offer substantial cut resistance. Finally, the invented protective yarn resists shrinkage which results from exposure to extremely high temperatures during the washing process.
- The foregoing and other objects will become more readily apparent by referring to the following detailed description and the appended drawing in which:
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a partially unwound protective yarn of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of a partially unwound alternative embodiment of the protective yarn of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invented protective yarn, referred to generally as10. The
protective yarn 10 is a composite which includes acore 20 and at least one cover member, referred to generally as 30. Thecover members 30 minimize break out of fiberglass fragments from thecore strand 20. In order to include knittability and minimize fiberglass core fragment breakout, thecover members 30 are wrapped, wound or twisted in a direction opposite that of an adjacent member. - Preferably, the
cover member 30 has three helical covers. Aninner cover 40 is wrapped, wound or twisted on thecore 20. Amiddle cover 50 is wrapped, wound or twisted on theinner core 40 such that the orientation of the middle cover helix is opposite that of the inner cover helix. Anouter cover 60 is wrapped, wound or twisted on themiddle cover 50 such that the orientation of the outer cover helix is opposite that of the middle cover helix. - In FIG. 1, the
inner cover 40 is wrapped on the core 20 in a right hand direction. Themiddle cover 50 is wrapped on theinner cover 40 in a left hand direction. Theouter cover 60 is wrapped on themiddle cover 50 in a right hand direction. - The
core 20 is preferably a single longitudinal strand of fiberglass fiber. The fiber must have be substantially hard and sufficently flexible to permit the protective yarn to be knitted into a protective fabric or garment on conventional knitting or weaving machines. A G-50 glass fiber having an 890 denier is exemplary. Naturally, a fiberglass strand having about the same denier count may be substituted for the G-50glass fiber 20 shown in FIG. 1. - While the
core 20 is a glass fiber, thecover members 30 will have at least one layer of a fiber which will provide cut protection. Furthermore, at least one of thecover members 30 will be a fiber selected from the group consisting of aramid fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyolefin fiber, polyester, nylon and polyacrylic fibers. - In the embodiment seen in FIG. 1,
inner cover 40 is 650 denier Spectra®, an extended chain polyethylene or polyolefin. Themiddle cover 50 is a 650 Spectra® fiber. As seen in FIG. 1, the Inc. outer cover is a Type 1000 650 denier Spectra® from AlliedSignal Inc. as opposed to Type 900 650 denier AlliedSignal Spectra®. Of course,outer cover 60 may also employ Type 900 AlliedSignal Spectra® or a substantially equivalent denier. The composite denier ofprotective yarn 10 is 3190. - The number of turns per inch that the
cover members 30 are wound around thecore 20 varies according to the cover layer and cover material. In FIG. 1, theinner cover 40 is wound on the core 20 at approximately 4.8 turns per inch. Themiddle cover 50 is wound on theinner cover 40 at approximately 9.1 turns per inch. Theouter cover 60 is wrapped on themiddle cover 50 at approximately 8.2 turns per inch. - The triple winding of the
cover members 30 in opposite directions on thefiberglass core 20 minimizes glass fragment breakout and therefore reduces the amount of irritation from the glass fragments to the hands of a wearer. - A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2. A protective yarn, generally referred to as110, has a single longitudinal strand of fiberglass as the
yarn core 120. Cover members, generally referred to as 130, are wound on thecore 120. - In this embodiment of the present invention, one of the
cover members 30 is a substantially non-slippery fiber. The non-slippery fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyester, nylon and cotton. As shown in FIG. 2, theouter cover 60 is a 1000 denier Polyester. - In FIG. 2, the
yarn core 120 is a G-50 glass strand of 890 denier. Thecover members 130 has three helical covers. Aninner cover 140 is wrapped on thecore 120. Amiddle cover 150 is wrapped on theinner core 140 such that the orientation of the middle cover helix is opposite that of the inner cover helix. Anouter cover 160 is wrapped on themiddle cover 150 such that the orientation of the outer cover helix is opposite that of the middle cover helix. - In FIG. 2, the
inner cover 140 is wrapped on thecore 120 in a right hand direction. Themiddle cover 150 is wrapped on theinner cover 140 in a left hand direction. Theouter cover 160 is wrapped on themiddle cover 150 in a right hand direction. - FIG. 2 shows an
inner cover 140 using 650 denier AlliedSignal Spectra® Type 900. Theinner cover 140 is wound around thecore 120 at 4.8 turns per inch. Themiddle cover 150 uses 650 denier AlliedSignal Spectra® Type 900. Themiddle cover 150 is wound on theinner cover 140 at 9.1 turns per inch. Theouter cover 160 is 1000 denier polyester. Theouter cover 160 is wound on themiddle cover 150 at 8.2 turns per inch. The composite denier ofprotective yarn 110 is 3780. - The triple winding of the
cover members 130 in opposite directions on thefiberglass core 120 minimizes glass fragment breakout and therefore reduces the amount of irritation from the glass fragments to the hands of a wearer. - It should be noted that
outer cover 160 could be polyester, nylon, cotton or a similar non-high cut-resistant fiber. The use of a non-high cut-resistant fiber as anouter cover 160 reduces the “slickness” of any glove or other fabric knitted fromprotective yarn 110. Because it is known that Spectral is “slick” therefore making it more difficult for a user to grasp an item without slippage while wearing a glove formed from aprotective yarn 110 in which outer covers 160 are Spectra®, theouter cover 160 is so formulated. - An additional benefit of the present invention's yarn structure and yarn components is that the shrinkage of any fabric made from such yarn is reduced from that of a yarn having a Spectra® member(s) in the
core 120. Because Spectra® shrinks along its longitudinal axis from exposure to extreme heat typical in the cleaning process, the garment or item composed soley of such fibers will tend to shrink or disform thereby rendering the garment useless. The fiberglass core in the present invention, however, does not suffer from this problem. Furthermore, when the Spectra® cover member shrink around the fiberglass core, the cover members will merely wrap somewhat more tightly around thecore 120. - Table 1 reflects the reduction in shrinkage between gloves containing fiberglass as in the present invention and gloves containing only Spectra® fibers as in the prior art.
- It is to be understood that the foregoing description and specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the best mode of the invention and the principles thereof, and that various modifications and additions may be made to the apparatus by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
- Shrink Testing of Wrapped Spectra/Fiberglass Invention
- I felt the best way to test this new invention was not in glove form, but individual length. Knitted gloves have inherent shrinkage because of the looseness of the knit. I placed the length of fiber in a steam box at high temperature. Most gloves are washed at temperature of 180 degrees F. I washed them at 200 degrees F. The following numbers represent the outcomes of my tests.
- WF 278 90 cm 200 degrees F. 1 hour wet/200 degrees F. 1 hour dry
Old Process (UK1 process) New Process 1. 87.5 1. 89.5 2. 87.2 2. 89.9 3. 87.7 3. 89.8 4. 88.0 4. 89.6 5. 87.8 5. 89.7 6. 87.7 6. 89.6 7. 87.3 7. 89.5 8. 87.5 8. 89.6 9. 89.1 9. 89.7 10. 87.8 10. 89.8 Ave. 87.56 2.7% Ave. 89.67 .36% - WF 239 90 cm 200 degrees F. 1 hour hot/200 degrees F. 1 hour dry
Old Process (UK1 process) New Process 1. 89.0 1. 89.8 2. 88.6 2. 89.9 3. 88.8 3. 89.7 4. 88.9 4. 89.8 5. 88.7 5. 89.9 6. 88.6 6. 89.6 7. 88.9 7. 89.8 8. 88.7 8. 89:8 9. 88.5 9. 89.7 10. 89.0 10. 89.9 Ave. 88.77 1.36% Ave. 89.79 .23%
Claims (22)
1. A composite yarn comprising:
a) a core consisting of a fiberglass strand;
b) a non-metallic sheath strand wrapped around the core; and
c) at least one cover strand wrapped around the sheath strand, whereby the sheath strand permits the fiberglass strand to be knitted using conventional knitting equipment.
2. The composite yarn of claim 1 , wherein said sheath strand is formed of fibers or filaments selected from the group consisting of extended chain polyethylene, aramid, nylon, and polyester.
3. The composite yarn of claim 1 , further comprising a second non-metallic cover strand wrapped on said yarn, said second cover strand being wrapped about said at least one cover strand in a direction opposite that of the at least one cover strand.
4. The composite yarn of claim 3 , wherein said second cover strand is wrapped at a rate of about 8.2 turns per inch.
5. The composite yarn of claim 3 , wherein said second cover strand has a denier of 650.
6. The composite yarn of claim 3 , wherein said at least one cover strand is formed of fibers or filaments selected from the group consisting of extended chain polyethylene, aramid, nylon, and polyester.
7. The composite yarn of claim 1 , further comprising a second non-metallic cover strand wrapped on said yarn, said second cover strand being wrapped about said at least one cover strand in a direction opposite that of the at least one cover strand, wherein the yarn has a composite denier of 3190 or 3780.
8. The composite yarn of claim 7 , wherein said second cover strand is wrapped at a rate of about 8.2 turns per inch.
9. The composite yarn of claim 7 , wherein said second cover strand has a denier of 650.
10. The composite yarn of claim 7 , wherein said at least one cover strand is formed of fibers or filaments selected from the group consisting of extended chain polyethylene, aramid, nylon, and polyester.
11. A composite yarn comprising:
a) a core consisting of a fiberglass strand;
b) a non-metallic inner cover, the inner cover being wrapped around the core; and
c) a middle cover wrapped around the inner cover, whereby the inner cover permits the fiberglass strand to be knitted using conventional knitting equipment.
12. The composite yarn of claim 11 , further comprising an outer cover wrapped on said yarn, said outer cover being wrapped about said middle cover in a direction opposite that of the middle cover, wherein the yarn has a composite denier of 3190 or 3780.
13. The composite yarn of claim 12 , wherein said outer cover is wrapped at a rate of about 8.2 turns per inch.
14. The composite yarn of claim 12 , wherein said outer cover has a denier of 650.
15. The composite yarn of claim 12 , wherein said middle cover is formed of fibers or filaments selected from the group consisting of extended chain polyethylene, aramid, nylon, and polyester.
16. A flexible, composite, cut and abrasion resistant yarn comprising:
a) a non-metallic composite core consisting of a single fiberglass strand;
b) an inner cover, the inner cover being wrapped around the core whereby the inner cover permits the core to be knitted using conventional knitting equipment; and
c) a non-metallic covering wrapped on said core and said inner cover, said covering including:
i) a middle cover wrapped about the inner cover in a first direction;
ii) an outer cover wrapped about said middle cover in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
17. The composite yarn of claim 16 , wherein said inner cover is formed of fibers or filaments selected from the group consisting of extended chain polyethylene, aramid, nylon, and polyester.
18. The composite yarn of claim 16 , wherein said middle cover is formed of fibers or filaments selected from the group consisting of extended chain polyethylene, aramid, nylon, and polyester.
19. The composite yarn of claim 16 , wherein said outer cover is formed of fibers or filaments selected from the group consisting of extended chain polyethylene, aramid, nylon, and polyester.
20. The composite yarn of claim 1 , wherein said middle cover is wrapped about said inner cover at a rate of about 9.1 turns per inch.
21. The composite yarn of claim 16 , wherein said outer cover is wrapped about said middle cover at a rate of about 8.2 turns per inch.
22. The composite yarn of claim 16 , wherein said middle cover has a denier of about 650.
Priority Applications (1)
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US09/453,273 US6413636B1 (en) | 1996-06-27 | 1999-12-02 | Protective yarn |
US10/082,482 US20020127398A1 (en) | 1996-06-27 | 2002-02-20 | Protective yarn |
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US4886691A (en) | 1986-06-12 | 1989-12-12 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Cut resistant jacket for ropes, webbing, straps, inflatables and the like |
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US4912781A (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1990-04-03 | Robins Steven D | Cut resistant yarn construction and body protective apparel |
US4936085A (en) | 1989-06-13 | 1990-06-26 | Kolmes Nathaniel H | Yarn and glove |
US5177948B1 (en) | 1989-06-13 | 1995-04-18 | Nathaniel H Kolmes | Yarn and glove |
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EP0510093B1 (en) | 1990-01-09 | 1994-07-27 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Cut resistant protective glove |
EP0498216B1 (en) | 1991-02-06 | 1995-11-08 | BETTCHER INDUSTRIES, INC. (a Delaware Corporation) | Improved yarn and safety apparel |
US5248548A (en) | 1991-11-22 | 1993-09-28 | Memtec America Corporation | Stainless steel yarn and protective garments |
US5628172A (en) | 1994-08-31 | 1997-05-13 | Nathaniel H. Kolmes | Composite yarns for protective garments |
US5845476A (en) | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-08 | Kolmes; Nathaniel H. | Composite yarn with fiberglass core |
-
1999
- 1999-12-02 US US09/453,273 patent/US6413636B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-02-20 US US10/082,482 patent/US20020127398A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP1491668A3 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-04-27 | Klaus Bloch | Textile yarn |
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US20060154065A1 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2006-07-13 | Klaus Bloch | Fishing line |
JP2007510072A (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2007-04-19 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | Upper twisted yarn and fabric having both cutting resistance and elastic recovery, and method for producing the upper twisted yarn and fabric |
US20050288775A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2005-12-29 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Metallic fibers reinforced textile prosthesis |
US20060048497A1 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-03-09 | Klaus Bloch | Textile thread |
US7401460B2 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2008-07-22 | Klaus Bloch | Textile thread having a polytetrafluoroethylene wrapped core |
US20080081528A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Carter H Landis | High impact strength, fire resistant woven article |
US20110183562A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2011-07-28 | JPS Composite Material Corp. | High impact strength, fire resistant woven article |
US20110173873A1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2011-07-21 | Y.G.K Co., Ltd. | Fishing line comprising integrated composite yarn comprising short fiber |
US20150020435A1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2015-01-22 | Y.G.K Co., Ltd. | Fishing line comprising integrated composite yarn comprising short fiber |
US9756839B2 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2017-09-12 | Y.G.K. Co., Ltd. | Fishing line comprising integrated composite yarn comprising short fiber |
WO2010106143A1 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-09-23 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Net for aquaculture |
CN106120067A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-16 | 朱三宝 | A kind of abrasion resistant yarn |
CN109338539A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-15 | 湖北德永盛纺织有限公司 | A kind of production technology of high abrasion jeans cotton yarn |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |