US20020120916A1 - Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material - Google Patents
Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20020120916A1 US20020120916A1 US10/047,296 US4729602A US2002120916A1 US 20020120916 A1 US20020120916 A1 US 20020120916A1 US 4729602 A US4729602 A US 4729602A US 2002120916 A1 US2002120916 A1 US 2002120916A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fluorescent material
- support
- radiation source
- fluorescent
- radiation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
- B32B17/10669—Luminescent agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
- B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/12—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices with means for image conversion or intensification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
- G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/014—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising information/image processing systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31—Surface property or characteristic of web, sheet or block
- Y10T428/315—Surface modified glass [e.g., tempered, strengthened, etc.]
Abstract
A display system useful as a head-up display for vehicles, such as aircraft, automobiles, trucks, etc., includes a fluorescent material that can be carried on a support. The head-up display system further includes a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source. The projection assembly is configured to direct electromagnetic radiation of one or more selected wavelengths toward the support to cause the fluorescent material to fluoresce and form an image.
Description
- This application claims the benefits of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60/262,146 filed Jan. 16, 2001, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- This invention relates generally to image and/or information display systems and, in one embodiment, to an improved display system utilizing fluorescent material(s) which is particularly useful in a vehicle head-up display system.
- 2. Technical Considerations
- A head-up display (HUD) system displays information, such as an image, to a viewer while the viewer simultaneously views the real world around and through the displayed image. Head-up display systems are often incorporated into aircraft cockpits for pilots to monitor flight information. More recently, head-up display systems have been used in land vehicles, such as cars, trucks, and the like. The displayed image is generally positioned so that the vehicle operator can see the image from a normal operating position and does not have to glance downwardly to the vehicle dashboard and away from the viewing area in front of the vehicle.
- A conventional head-up display system typically includes a matrix of light emitting diodes (LED) which can be selectively illuminated to form an image. A collimator aligns the light rays from the LEDs and directs them toward a combiner that reflects the image toward the viewer. For automotive use, laminated windshields have been used as the combiner. Examples of automotive head-up display systems are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,264,044 and 5,013,134, and International Publication No. WO 91/06031, all of which are herein incorporated by reference.
- While these known vehicle head-up display systems are generally adequate for automotive use, improvements could be made. For example, in these conventional automotive head-up display systems the resolution of the reflected image is limited by the size of the LED matrix, i.e., the number of rows and columns of LEDs used to generate the image. Additionally, in strong sunlight, the reflected image from the LED matrix can be difficult to read. Further, reflection of the image from each of the interfaces of the windshield, especially the air-glass interfaces, creates multiple images that can reduce overall image clarity. Moreover, these conventional head-up display systems are designed so that the reflected image can be viewed only by the vehicle operator, not vehicle passengers. Additionally, if the curvature of the windshield deviates from designed specifications, the reflected image can appear distorted and can be difficult to discern.
- Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide an image and/or information display system, particularly an automotive head-up display system, which reduces or eliminates at least some of the drawbacks discussed above.
- The present invention provides a method of displaying images and a display system, e.g., a head-up display system, which are particularly useful in vehicles, such as aircraft, automobiles, trucks, etc. The display system includes one or more light emitting materials, such as one or more fluorescent and/or phosphorescent materials, carried on a support and a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source. The projection assembly is configured to direct electromagnetic radiation of one or more selected wavelength(s) toward the light emitting material to cause at least a portion of the light emitting material to emit light, e.g., fluoresce or phosphoresce, to form an image. The electromagnetic radiation source can be selectively directed and/or controlled to generate a desired image. In one specific embodiment of the invention, the support is a laminated windshield with fluorescent material located between the plies of the laminate. The windshield can have a first portion which is substantially transparent to the selected wavelength(s) and a second portion which is substantially non-transparent to the selected wavelength(s). In another aspect, the support is a non-laminated entertainment display.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view (not to scale) of a head-up display system for a vehicle which incorporates features of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a side view (not to scale) of a support with fluorescent material incorporating features of the invention;
- FIG. 3 is a front view of a fluorescent image formed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view (not to scale) of an alternative embodiment of a projecting assembly for use with a head-up display system of the invention; and
- FIG. 5 is a graph of percent transmittance versus wavelength comparing a clear glass ply to a laminated article described in Example 1.
- As used herein, spatial or directional terms, such as “inner”, “outer”, “left”, “right”, “up”, “down”, “horizontal”, “vertical”, and the like, relate to the invention as it is shown in the drawing figures. However, it is to be understood that the invention can assume various alternative orientations and, accordingly, such terms are not to be considered as limiting. Further, all numbers expressing dimensions, physical characteristics, and so forth, used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical values set forth in the following specification and claims can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Moreover, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to encompass any and all subranges subsumed therein. For example, a stated range of “1 to 10” should be considered to include any and all subranges between (and inclusive of) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10; that is, all subranges beginning with a minimum value of 1 or more and ending with a maximum value of 10 or less, e.g., 5.5 to 10. Also, as used herein, the terms “deposited over”, “applied over”, or “provided over” mean deposited, applied, or provided on but not necessarily in surface contact with. For example, a material “deposited over” a substrate does not preclude the presence of one or more other materials of the same or different composition located between the deposited material and the substrate.
- In the following discussion, a display system incorporating features of the invention will be discussed generally with reference to use in a head-up display system for a vehicle, such as an automobile. However, it is to be understood that the specifically disclosed exemplary apparatus and method are presented simply to explain the general concepts of the invention and that the invention is not limited to these specific exemplary embodiments. As would be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the invention can be practiced in many fields, such as but not limited to, laminated or non-laminated residential and/or commercial windows, insulating glass units, commercial signs, entertainment displays, advertising displays, monitors for televisions or computers, and/or transparencies for land, air, space, above water and under water vehicles, e.g., automotive windshields, sidelights, back lights, sunroofs, and moon roofs, just to name a few.
- An exemplary display system incorporating features of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 1 as a vehicle head-
up display system 10 and includes one or more light emitting materials, e.g., fluorescent or phosphorescent materials, carried on asupport 12. In the following discussion, the light emitting material is afluorescent material 11. Thedisplay system 10 also includes aprojection assembly 14. The components of the exemplary head-updisplay system 10 shown in FIG. 1 will first be described and then operation of the head-updisplay system 10 to practice an exemplary method of the invention will be described. - The
support 12 can be of any desired type, such as but not limited to, a single ply or a laminated article. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but not to be considered as limiting to the invention, thesupport 12 is shown as a laminated article having afirst ply 18 with a major surface facing the vehicle interior, i.e., an innermajor surface 20, and an opposed or outermajor surface 22. Thesupport 12 also includes a second ply 24 having an innermajor surface 26 and an outermajor surface 28. The first andsecond plies 18, 24 can be bonded together in any suitable manner, such as by aninterlayer 32. Aconventional edge sealant 34 can be applied to the perimeter of the laminated article during and/or after lamination in any desired manner. Adecorative band 36, e.g., an opaque, translucent or colored shade band, such as a ceramic band, can be provided on a surface of at least one of theplies 18, 24, for example around the perimeter of the innermajor surface 20 of thefirst ply 18. - In the broad practice of the invention, the support12 (e.g., the first and
second plies 18, 24) can be of any desired material having any desired optical characteristics. For example, theplies 18, 24 can be transparent to visible light. By “transparent” is meant having a transmittance of greater than 0% to 100%. By “visible light” is meant electromagnetic energy in the range of 390 nm to 800 nm. Alternatively, thesupport 12 can be translucent or opaque. By “translucent” is meant allowing electromagnetic energy (e.g., visible light) to pass through but diffusing it such that objects on the other side are not clearly visible. By “opaque” is meant having a visible light transmittance of 0%. Theplies 18 and 24 can be of the same or different materials. - For automotive use, the first and
second plies 18, 24 are each preferably made of a transparent material, such as plastic (e.g., polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), or copolymers of any monomers for preparing these, or mixtures thereof), ceramic or, more preferably, glass. The glass can be of any type, such as conventional float glass or flat glass, and can be of any composition having any optical properties, e.g., any value of visible transmission, ultraviolet transmission, infrared transmission, and/or total solar energy transmission. By “float glass” is meant glass formed by a conventional float process in which molten glass is deposited onto a molten metal bath and controllably cooled to form a float glass ribbon. The ribbon is then cut and/or shaped and/or heat treated as desired. Examples of float glass processes are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,466,562 and 4,671,155. The glass can be, for example, conventional soda-lime-silicate glass, borosilicate glass, or leaded glass. The glass can be clear glass. By “clear glass” is meant non-tinted or non-colored glass. Alternatively, the glass can be tinted or otherwise colored glass. The glass can be untempered, heat treated, or heat strengthened glass. As used herein, the term “heat strengthened” means annealed, tempered, or at least partially tempered. The first andsecond plies 18, 24 can each be clear float glass or can be tinted or colored glass or one ply can be clear glass and the other colored glass. Although not limiting to the invention, examples of glass suitable for thefirst ply 18 and/or second ply 24 are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,746,347; 4,792,536; 5,240,886; 5,385,872; and 5,393,593, which are herein incorporated by reference. The first andsecond plies 18, 24 can be of any desired dimensions, e.g., length, width, shape, or thickness. For use in automotive transparencies, the first andsecond plies 18, 24 can each be 1 mm to 10 mm thick, e.g., less than 10 mm thick, e.g., 1 mm to 5 mm thick, e.g., 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm, e.g., 1.8 mm to 2.3 mm. - The
interlayer 32 can be of any desired material and can include one or more layers or plies. As will be described in more detail below, the interlayer material can be a material selected to block, absorb, or at least attenuate the transmission of electromagnetic energy of one or more selected wavelengths. Theinterlayer 32 can be a plastic material such as, for example, polyvinyl butyral, plasticized polyvinyl chloride, or multi-layered thermoplastic materials including polyethylene terephthalate, etc. Suitable interlayer materials are disclosed, for example but not to be considered as limiting, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,287,107 and 3,762,988, which are herein incorporated by reference. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, theinterlayer 32 is a single polyvinyl butyral ply having a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm, e.g., 0.76 mm. Theinterlayer 32 secures the first andsecond plies 18, 24 together, provides energy absorption, reduces noise, and increases the strength of the laminated structure. Theinterlayer 32 can also be a sound absorbing or attenuating material as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,796,055, which is herein incorporated by reference. Theinterlayer 32 can have a solar control coating provided thereon or incorporated therein or can include a colored material to reduce solar energy transmission. - In the practice of the invention, the light emitting material (e.g., fluorescent material11) is carried on all or at least a portion of the
support 12, e.g., on all or at least a portion of a major surface of thesupport 12. Alternatively, thefluorescent material 11 can be on a surface of or incorporated into theinterlayer 32. Thefluorescent material 11 can be applied in any conventional manner, such as but not limited to dissolving thefluorescent material 11 in a solvent and applying the resultant solution onto the substrate by spraying, dipping, or rolling. Alternatively, thedry fluorescent material 11 can be press-applied onto one or more major surfaces of thesubstrate 12. In the exemplarylaminated support 12 shown in FIG. 1, thefluorescent material 11 can be located between thefirst ply 18 and the second ply 24, e.g., between thefirst ply 18 and theinterlayer 32. For example, thefluorescent material 11 can form a continuous coating layer on all or at least a portion of thesupport 12. Alternatively, thefluorescent material 11 can be present in discreet sections or areas or can be present in non-film form, such as inorganic crystalline powders or organic fluorescent materials deposited on or carried on thesupport 12. - As used herein, the term “light emitting material” means a material that emits electromagnetic radiation, e.g., in the visible region of 390 nm to 800 nm, upon exposure to external radiation. Exemplary light emitting materials suitable for the practice of the invention include fluorescent and phosphorescent materials. In one embodiment, the light emitting material (e.g., fluorescent material11) absorbs electromagnetic energy in one region of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., at one or more first wavelength(s)) and emits electromagnetic energy at another region of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., one or more second wavelength(s)), which can be different than the first wavelength(s). Typically, although not required, the second wavelength(s) are longer than the first wavelength(s). In one embodiment, the
fluorescent material 11 absorbs electromagnetic energy in at least a portion of the visible (390 nm to 800 nm) and/or ultraviolet (300 nm to 390 nm) ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum, e.g., one or more wavelengths greater than 300 nm, e.g., one or more wavelengths less than 800 nm, e.g., one or more wavelengths in the range of 300 nm to 800 nm. In a particular embodiment of the invention, thefluorescent material 11 absorbs energy (e.g., one or more wavelengths) within a region of the electromagnetic spectrum between 300 nm to 500 nm, such as in a range of 325 nm to 425 nm, e.g., 350 nm to 410 nm, e.g., 397 nm. The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum or wavelength(s) of the electromagnetic spectrum absorbed by the light emitting material (e.g., fluorescent material 11) is generally referred to herein as the “absorption band” of thefluorescent material 11. Thefluorescent material 11 preferably fluoresces at one or more wavelengths close to or in the visible range, such as between 380 nm to 800 nm of the electromagnetic spectrum. - The light emitting material, e.g.,
fluorescent material 11, can be any type of light emitting material, such but not limited to one or more organic, organo-metallic, or inorganic light emitting (e.g., fluorescent and/or phosphorescent) materials, and can be present in any desired amount. An example of onefluorescent material 11 suitable for the practice of the invention is Uvitex® OB fluorescent material commercially available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation. Other suitable light emitting organic materials include stibene, styrene, and ethylene species supplemented with one or more heterocyclic substituents such as benzoxazolyl, v-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, or s-triazinylamino groups. Other suitable inorganic light emitting materials include oxides, sulfides, or oxide-sulfides of metals that are “doped” with (i.e., include small amounts of) ions of another metal, e.g. Y2O3:Eu, YVO4:Tm, ZnS:Mn, Y2O2S:Pr, and Gd2O2S:Tb. However, as will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the particular light emitting, e.g., fluorescent, material utilized can be selected based on the electromagnetic radiation source used in theprojection assembly 14 described below and/or by the desired wavelength of the light emitted from thefluorescent material 11, such as to produce an image of one or more desired colors. The amount offluorescent material 11 can be any amount to provide a desired level of fluorescent brightness, i.e., the brightness of the fluorescent image. As a general rule, as morefluorescent material 11 is placed on thesupport 12, the brighter will be the resultant fluorescent image until the point is reached where all of the incoming electromagnetic energy is absorbed by the fluorescent material. In addition to or in lieu of thefluorescent material 11, the invention could also be practiced with phosphorescent material. - With continued reference to FIG. 1, a
functional coating 42 can also be carried on thesupport 12. Thefunctional coating 42 can be a coating which affects the solar properties, e.g., emissivity, shading coefficient, transmission, absorption, reflection, etc., or conductive properties, e.g., thermal or electrical conduction, of thesupport 12. - The
functional coating 42 can be of any desired type. As used herein, the term “coating” includes one or more coating layers and/or coating films. Thefunctional coating 42 can have one or more functional coating layers or films of the same or different composition or functionality. As used herein, the terms “layer” or “film” refer to a coating region of a desired or selected coating composition. - Although not limiting to the invention, the
functional coating 42 can be a coating which affects the solar control properties, e.g., emissivity, shading coefficient, transmission, absorption, reflection, etc., or conductive properties, e.g., thermal or electrical conduction, of the functionallycoated support 12. For example, but not to be considered as limiting, thefunctional coating 42 can be an electroconductive coating, a heatable coating, an antenna coating, or a solar control coating, such as a low emissivity coating. As used herein, the term “solar control coating” refers to a coating which affects the solar properties of the coated article, such as but not limited to, shading coefficient and/or emissivity and/or the amount of solar radiation reflected and/or absorbed by and/or transmitted through the coated article, e.g., infrared or ultraviolet absorption or reflection. The solar control coating can block, absorb, or filter selected portions of the solar spectrum, such as but not limited to, the visible spectrum. Non-limiting examples of solar control and antenna coatings are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,898,789; 5,821,001; 4,716,086; 4,610,771; 4,902,580; 4,716,086; 4,806,220; 4,898,790; 4,834,857; 4,948,677; 5,059,295; and 5,028,579, which patents are herein incorporated by reference. Non-limiting examples of electroconductive coatings are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,653,903 and 5,028,759, which are herein incorporated by reference. - In one exemplary embodiment, the
functional coating 42 can be a low emissivity coating. As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, a “low emissivity” coating can have different emissivity values depending upon how the coating is deposited. For example, low emissivity sputter applied coatings typically have an emissivity in the range of 0.01 to 0.06, depending on the number of reflective metal layers present in the coating. Low emissivity pyrolytically applied coatings typically have an emissivity in the range of less than 0.03. Therefore, as generally used herein, the term “low emissivity” means an emissivity less than 0.1, such as less than 0.05. Examples of low emissivity coatings are found, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,952,423 and 4,504,109. Thefunctional coating 42 can be a single layer or multiple layer coating and can comprise one or more metals, non-metals, semimetals, semiconductors and/or alloys, compounds, composites, combinations, or blends thereof. For example, thefunctional coating 42 can be a single layer metal oxide coating, a multiple layer metal oxide coating, a non-metal oxide coating, or a multiple layer coating. - Non-limiting examples of
functional coatings 42 which can be used with the invention are commercially available from PPG Industries, Inc. of Pittsburgh, Pa. under the SUNGATE® and SOLARBAN® families of coatings. Such functional coatings typically include one or more anti-reflective coating films comprising dielectric or anti-reflective materials, such as metal oxides or oxides of metal alloys, which are transparent or substantially transparent to visible light. Thefunctional coating 42 can also include infrared reflective films having a reflective metal, e.g., a noble metal such as gold, copper, or silver, or combinations or alloys thereof, and can further include a primer film or barrier film, such as titanium, as is known in the art, located over and/or under the metal reflective layers. - The
functional coating 42 can be deposited over all or at least a portion of a major surface of at least one of theplies 18, 24. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, thefunctional coating 42 is deposited over the innermajor surface 26 of the second ply 24. However, it is to be understood that thefunctional coating 42 is not limited to this location. Thefunctional coating 42 can be, for example, located on any of the major surfaces of thefirst ply 18 or second ply 24 or on or incorporated into theinterlayer 32. Thefunctional coating 42 can be deposited in any conventional manner, such as but not limited to, magnetron sputter vapor deposition (MSVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), spray pyrolysis (i.e., pyrolytic deposition), atmospheric pressure CVD (APCVD), low-pressure CVD (LPCVD), plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD), plasma assisted CVD (PACVD), thermal or electron-beam evaporation, cathodic arc deposition, plasma spray deposition, and wet chemical deposition (e.g., sol-gel). Thefunctional coating 42 can be of any desired type or thickness, such as a solar control coating having a thickness of 700 Å to 1000 Å. Thefunctional coating 42 can have any number or type of infrared reflective layers, such as one or more silver layers, e.g., 2 or more silver layers. - Although in the exemplary embodiment described above the
support 12 is a laminated article having thefluorescent material 11 located between the plies, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to this embodiment, e.g., thefluorescent material 11 can be located on an outer major surface of the laminated article or, as shown in FIG. 2, thesupport 12 could be a “monolithic”article 45 with thefluorescent material 11 located on at least a portion of one or more surfaces of themonolithic article 45. By “monolithic” is meant an article having a single structural substrate or primary ply, e.g., a glass ply. By “primary ply” is meant a primary support or structural member. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, thesupport 12 could be formed by a single ply 46 having a firstmajor surface 48 and a secondmajor surface 50 with thefluorescent material 11 deposited over or carried on all or at least a portion of at least one of themajor surfaces fluorescent material 11 to protect thefluorescent material 11 from chemical or mechanical wear. Alternatively or additionally, a functional coating 42 (not shown in FIG. 2), such as described above, could also be deposited over at least a portion of the one or more of themajor surfaces 48, 50 (either over or under the fluorescent material) to provide thesupport 12 with solar control features. An electromagneticradiation absorbing material 52, such as the interlayer material described above or a similar material, could also be deposited over all or at least a portion of one or more of themajor surfaces support 12. It is also to be understood that in this embodiment (without a radiation absorbing material) the radiation from theradiation source 60 can be directed at the fluorescent material from either side of thesupport 12. - As described above, the
support 12 can be an automotive transparency. As used herein, the term “automotive transparency” refers to an automotive windshield, sidelight, back light, moon roof, sunroof, and the like. The automotive transparency can have a visible light transmission of any desired amount, e.g., greater than 0% to 100%, e.g., greater than 70%. For non-privacy areas, the visible light transmission can be greater than or equal to 70%. For privacy areas, the visible light transmission can be less than 70%. - As discussed below, the invention is not limited to use with vehicle or automotive transparencies. For example, the
monolithic article 45 shown in FIG. 2 could be a residential or commercial window, an advertising display, or a commercial sign configured to display fluorescent images in a similar manner as described below. Further, thesupport 12 could be a pane of a conventional insulating glass unit. Thesupport 12 upon which thefluorescent material 11 is carried can be a transparent article, a translucent article, or an opaque article. - With continuing reference to FIG. 1, the display system of the invention, e.g., the head-up
display system 10, can also include aprojection assembly 14. Although not limiting to the invention, oneexemplary projection assembly 14 is schematically shown in FIG. 1 and includes an energy source orradiation source 60, e.g., an electromagnetic radiation source capable of emitting radiation, e.g., electromagnetic radiation, of one or more selected wavelengths within at least a portion of the absorption band of thefluorescent material 11. As used herein, the term “selected wavelength” means a single wavelength or a range of wavelengths. However, at least a portion of the selected wavelength should be within the absorption band of thefluorescent material 11. In one exemplary embodiment, theradiation source 60 is a laser or laser diode capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation of one or more selected wavelengths, for example, in the range of 300 nm to 500 nm, such as in the range of 325 nm to 425 nm, e.g., in the range of 350 nm to 410 nm, e.g., in the range of 390 nm to 400 nm, e.g., 397 nm. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the selected wavelength of theradiation source 60 can be selected based on the specificfluorescent material 11 utilized so that all or at least a portion of the selected wavelength range is at least partly within the absorption band of thefluorescent material 11 being used. Suitable radiation sources include Model PPM04 (LD1349) and Model PPMT25/5255 (LD1380) laser diodes commercially available from Power Technologies, Inc. The radiation sources can be of any desired power output, such as 5 mW to 100 mW, e.g., 5 mW to 30 mW. Other suitable radiation sources are commercially available from Edmund Industrial Optics and Coherent Auburn Division. As a general rule, as the output power of the radiation source increases, the brightness of the fluorescent image produced also increases. - The
projection assembly 14 can include a directing system 62 (e.g., a scanner) to the direct or scan radiation emitted from theradiation source 60 toward thefluorescent material 11. The directingsystem 62 can include one ormore directors 64, such as a mirror or combination of two or more mirrors, each movably mounted on amovement device 66, such as a conventional mechanical or electrical positioning device. For example, thedirector 64 can include two mirrors, one for vertical movement and one for horizontal movement of radiation from theradiation source 60. As will be described in more detail below, themovement device 66 is configured to move thedirector 64 to selectively direct the radiation emitted from theradiation source 60 toward one or more selected areas of thefluorescent material 11. Asuitable director 64 is a Model 6800HP scanner commercially available from Cambridge Technology, Inc. - A blocking device67 can be located between the
radiation source 60 and the directingsystem 62. For example, the blocking device 67 can be an electro-optical modulator, an electro-mechanical device, or a similar device to selectively block and unblock radiation from theradiation source 60 passing to the directingsystem 62. For example, the blocking device 67 can include a crystal which switches from being transparent to the selected wavelength(s) to being opaque to the selected wavelength(s) by the application of a voltage. - The
radiation source 60 and/or the directingsystem 62 and/or blocking device 67 can be connected to acontroller 68, such as a conventional computer or electronic control device. Thecontroller 68 can be configured to energize themovement device 66 and to move thedirector 64 to direct the radiation from theradiation source 60 toward thefluorescent material 11 to form patterns or images, as described below. Additionally, thecontroller 68 can modulate the power of theradiation source 60 to vary the intensity of the energy beam from the radiation source. In one embodiment, thecontroller 68 is configured to activate and deactivate the blocking device 67 to block and unblock at least a portion, e.g., all, of the radiation from theradiation source 60 passing to thedirector 64. If the blocking device 67 is not present, thecontroller 68 can be configured to energize and deenergize theradiation source 60 as described below. An example of a suitable controller is a FieldGo portable computer commercially available from Broadax Systems, Inc. Suitable control software includes Microsoft® operating software, e.g., Windows 95®. Suitable imaging software includes “Laser Show Designer for Windows: Professional 2.86” commercially available from Microsoft®. - The
radiation source 60, directingsystem 62, blocking device 67, and/orcontroller 68 can be in electronic communication with aconventional power source 70, such as a battery or electrical generator, to supply power to the components of the head-updisplay system 10. Additionally, thecontroller 68 can be in electronic communication with one or morevehicle operating systems 72, such as automotive speed sensing systems, alarm systems, global positioning systems, electronic sending or receiving systems, and the like. - In one embodiment, the material of the
interlayer 32 can be selected to absorb at least some, for example all, of the electromagnetic radiation from theradiation source 60 directed toward thesupport 12 such that little or no electromagnetic radiation from theradiation source 60 passes through thesupport 12, e.g., to the outside of the vehicle. As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, the amount of electromagnetic radiation that passes through thesupport 12 will depend upon several factors, such as the thickness and/or composition of theplies 18, 24, the thickness and/or composition of theinterlayer 32, the amount and/or composition of thefluorescent material 11, and the wavelength(s) of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theradiation source 60. Thus, thelaminated support 12 shown in FIG. 1 and described above can provide afirst portion 100 which is transparent or substantially transparent to the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theradiation source 60 and asecond portion 102 which is non-transparent or substantially non-transparent to the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theradiation source 60. By “substantially transparent to the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theradiation source 60” is meant that at least 50% of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source 60 (e.g., in the absorption band of the fluorescent material) passes through, for example more than 70%, such as more than 80%, e.g., in the range of 50% to 100%. By “substantially non-transparent to the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theradiation source 60” is meant that less than 50% of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theradiation source 60 passes through, for example less than 35%, such as less than 20%, e.g., in the range of 50% to 0%. In addition to theinterlayer 32, utilizing a colored or tinted, i.e., non-clear, material for the second ply 24, will also absorb some of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by theradiation source 60 directed toward thesupport 12. - An exemplary method of practicing the invention will now be described with particular reference to the exemplary head-up display having the
laminated support 12 shown in FIG. 1. Thecontroller 68 energizes theradiation source 60 to emit abeam 74 of electromagnetic radiation of one or more selected wavelengths toward thedirector 64. Assuming the blocking device 67 is in a deenergized or “open” mode, at least a portion, e.g., all, of the emitted radiation passes through the blocking device 67 and onto thedirector 64. Thedirector 64 redirects thisenergy beam 74 toward thefluorescent material 11 located on thesupport 12. Thefluorescent material 11 absorbs at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation and then fluoresces, i.e., emits energy 76, such as energy in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum which can be seen by anoccupant 78 of the vehicle. Theoccupant 78 can be the vehicle driver or one or more of the passengers. - The
controller 68 can direct themovement device 66 to point thedirector 64 to different areas of thefluorescent material 11 to cause these selected areas of thefluorescent material 11 to fluoresce to form an image visible to theoccupant 78. Thecontroller 68 can vary the output, e.g., the power or beam intensity, of theradiation source 60 to cause different areas of thefluorescent material 11 to fluoresce at different levels of brightness. For example, in one exemplary embodiment thedirector 64 can raster the direction of theradiation beam 74 along a portion or all of thefluorescent material 11. By “raster”, is meant to form a scan pattern, e.g., by scanning an area from side to side in lines from top to bottom or bottom to top. As the scan pattern is formed, thecontroller 68 can selectively energize and deenergize, i.e., open and close, the blocking device 67 to form adjacent fluorescent and non-fluorescent areas on thesupport 12 to thereby form one or more fluorescent images discernable by the driver. In an alternative embodiment in which no blocking device 67 is present, thecontroller 68 could energize and deenergize theradiation source 60 to form the fluorescent images. - An exemplary
fluorescent image 80 in the form of the letter “P” formed on aportion 82 of thesupport 12 is depicted by the shaded area in FIG. 3. In one exemplary method of forming thisimage 80, thedirector 64 is moved in first and second directions, e.g., from side to side (as depicted by directions L and R), and is displaced in a substantially perpendicular direction, e.g., up and down (as depicted by directions U and D), to form a scan pattern or a plurality of scan paths 84 a to 84 g. For purposes of the present explanation only, the individual scan paths 84 a to 84 g are depicted as being separated by dashed lines in FIG. 3. However, it will be understood that these dashed lines are simply for explanation purposes only and would not be visible during actual operation. The width (W) of the scan paths 84 a to 84 g can correspond to a width of thebeam 74. Adjacent scan paths can be overlapping, i.e. the perpendicular displacement of the director 64 (in the U or D directions) can be less than the width of thebeam 74. On the other hand, the perpendicular displacement of thedirector 64 can be greater than the width of thebeam 74 so that a gap is formed between adjacent scan paths (not shown). - In one exemplary method of forming the
image 80, thedirector 64 can be traversed from left to right with respect to FIG. 3 along the uppermost scan path 84 a with the blocking device 67 energized, i.e., closed. When thedirector 64 reaches a position equivalent to position 86, i.e., when thedirector 64 is pointing to position 86, the blocking device 67 can be deenergized while thedirector 64 continues to traverse to the right (direction R) so that the region of the uppermost scan path 84 a from position 86 toposition 88 fluoresces. Atposition 88, the blocking device 67 can be energized (closed) for the remainder of the scan path 84 a (i.e., until thedirector 64 reaches the end of the scan path 84 a). Thedirector 64 can then be displaced in direction D to the next scan path 84 b and moved in direction L along the scan path 84 b to position 88 where the blocking device 67 is again deenergized (opened) fromposition 88 toposition 90. Atposition 90, the blocking device 67 is energized (closed) until position 92 when the blocking device 67 is again deenergized (open) from position 92 to position 86. At position 86, the blocking device 67 is energized (closed) for the remainder of the scan path 84 b, at which time thedirector 64 is again displaced in direction D to the next scan path 84 c. In this manner, thefluorescent image 80 can be formed. While the formation of only a single letter is described above, it will be understood that adjacent letters, words, sentences, numbers, symbols, or images could be formed in a similar manner. - It is also to be understood that the image forming method of the invention is not limited to the above-described exemplary rastering embodiment. For example, while in the above-described method the
director 64 is alternately moved laterally from left to right and right to left across thefluorescent material 11 while energizing and deenergizing the blocking device 67 to form theimage 80, thedirector 64 could alternatively be laterally moved in only one direction while forming theimage 80, e.g., always to the right or always to the left while forming the scan pattern in similar manner to the movement of an electron beam in a conventional cathode ray tube image system. For example, thedirector 64 could start on the upper left scan path 84 a and scan to the right while energizing and deenergizing the blocking device 67. At the end of the scan path 84 a, the blocking device 67 can be energized (closed), the director moved to the left and down to the left side of the next scan path 84 b, and then thedirector 64 moved to the right along the second scan path 84 b while energizing and deenergizing the blocking device 67. Further, rather than starting at the top of the scan pattern and moving downwardly, theimage 80 could be formed by starting at the bottom of the scan pattern and moving thedirector 64 to direct theradiation beam 74 upwardly. Additionally, rather than moving thedirector 64 across the entire field of thefluorescent material 11, thedirector 64 could be used to “paint” an image, i.e., thedirector 64 could be moved or directed by thecontroller 68 to only trace over or within the actual area of the pattern or image to be formed. For example, to form the letter “P”, thedirector 64 would point, e.g., direct thebeam 74, only to the area within the confines of the letter “P” rather than sweeping thedirector 64 over the area outside of the area forming the fluorescent letter “P” which is to remain non-fluorescent. As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, the invention is not limited to the type of rastering or scanning process used to form theimage 80. For example, rather than the horizontal scanning methods described above, the scan pattern can be formed by using vertical scan paths with lateral displacement at the end of the vertical scan path. Diagonal scan paths could even be used, if desired. - Alternatively, in an embodiment without the blocking device67, the
radiation source 60 could be energized and deenergized during formation of the scan pattern on thefluorescent material 11 to form a desired image. - As discussed above, for a vehicle head-up display the
controller 68 can be in electronic communication with various on-board vehicle systems 72 to utilize theprojection assembly 14 to form desired fluorescent images on thesupport 12. Examples of such images can include vehicle speed, vehicle system indicator lights (such as oil, generator, tachometer, etc.), navigational information from a GPS system, and a vehicle security system. For example, thecontroller 68 can be designed such that should the vehicle security system be activated, theradiation source 60, blocking device 67, anddirector 64 are controlled to fluoresce at least a portion of thefluorescent material 11 on thesupport 12 and/or to form particular phrases which would be readable by those outside the vehicle, such as “help” or “please notify police”, etc. As a further example, thecontroller 68 can be in electronic communication, e.g., by radio wave, with a hand-held or pocket device, such as a key chain having a small radio wave transmitter, so that when the pocket device is activated, the horn sounds and/or thecontroller 68 activates theradiation source 60, blocking device 67 and directingsystem 62 to cause at least a portion of thefluorescent material 11 to fluoresce. This would be particularly useful in locating the vehicle in a crowded parking lot if the driver could not remember exactly where he parked the vehicle. In an additional example, images from video cameras operating in any wavelength range, such as visible or infrared, could be projected onto thesupport 12 carrying thefluorescent material 11 to form an image. In this manner, infrared cameras mounted on the vehicle could aid vision at night or under adverse weather conditions. Cameras, e.g., mounted on vehicles, could also supplement vision available in the conventional fashion through windows and in mirrors. - As will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, more than one light emitting material, e.g.,
fluorescent material 11, can be carried on thesupport 12. The different fluorescent materials can be selected to fluoresce at different wavelengths or at different ranges of wavelengths and, hence, to fluoresce at different visible colors. A plurality of projection assemblies having different radiation sources 60 (theradiation sources 60 having respective output wavelengths within the absorption bands of the respective fluorescent materials) withrespective directing systems 62 could be positioned in the vehicle so that different types of data can be displayed with different fluoresced colors. In FIG. 1, an optionalsecond projection assembly 14′ is shown in dotted lines. For example, a first radiation source and fluorescent material combination can be utilized to display a first type of information, such as vehicle speed, by forming images of a first color, e.g., blue fluorescent images, on the support. This means that at least a portion of the fluorescent material on the support absorbs electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength or wavelength range emitted by the first radiation source and fluoresces at a selected visible wavelength or range in the blue region of the visible electromagnetic spectrum. Another source of information, such as vehicle status indicators, can be displayed using a second projection assembly having a second radiation source that is configured to fluoresce a second fluorescent material present on the support at a selected wavelength or range in a second color region, e.g., the yellow region, of the visible electromagnetic spectrum. If different fluorescent materials are deposited on the support, it would also be possible utilizing different laser devices to form colored images by simultaneously irradiating the fluorescent materials such that the fluoresced light from the different fluorescent materials combine to form a selected color. In the example described immediately above, the two fluorescent materials can be simultaneously irradiated such that the resultant blue and yellow fluoresced images combine to form a green colored image. - Alternatively, a
single fluorescent material 11 that fluoresces over a range of wavelengths dependent upon the wavelength(s) of the absorbed radiation can be provided on thesupport 12. For example, thefluorescent material 11 can fluoresce at one or more first fluorescent wavelength(s) (e.g., in the blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum) when irradiated by electromagnetic energy of one or more first irradiation wavelength(s) and fluoresce at a second fluorescent wavelength(s) (e.g., in the yellow region of the electromagnetic spectrum) when irradiated by electromagnetic energy of one or more second irradiation wavelength(s). In a still further embodiment, the plurality ofradiation sources 60 described above can be substituted with a single radiation source capable of selectively emitting electromagnetic energy of two or more desired wavelengths or ranges or wavelengths such that the single radiation source is capable of providing electromagnetic energy in the absorption band(s) of the one or morefluorescent materials 11 to form separate images of differing color and/or an image of a desired (combined) color as described above. - An
alternative projection assembly 110 of the invention is shown in FIG. 4. Thisprojection assembly 110 is similar to theprojection assembly 14 shown in FIG. 1 but theradiation source 60 is directly and movably connected to themovement device 66 so that theradiation source 60 can be moved and simultaneously energized and deenergized to form fluorescent images on thesupport 12 in similar manner as described above. - For use in a conventional automobile, the projection assemblies described above can be located in or under the vehicle dashboard, with the dashboard having a slot or opening of sufficient size to permit the
beam 74 to pass through. However, the invention is not limited to placement of the projection assembly at this location. For example, if thedisplay system 10 of the invention were incorporated into a side window, rear window, moon roof, etc., the projection assembly could be placed at any desired location in the vehicle to allow operation of thedisplay device 10 as described above. Also, thecontroller 68 can be configured to vary the application of the energy from theradiation source 60 to modify the resultant fluorescent image to adjust for variations in curvature of thesupport 12. - While the above discussion was directed primarily to utilization of the invention in a vehicle head-up display, the invention is not limited to this use. The invention could be practiced in a brood range of information display or entertainment applications. For example, a
support 12 as described above (whether a laminated support as shown in FIG. 1 or a monolithic support as shown in FIG. 2) could be used in a commercial location, such as a department store, grocery store, retail shop, etc., to display information regarding pricing information, upcoming sales, current specials, and the like. Unlike prior systems, the present invention would permit quick and easy changes and modifications to the displayed information utilizing the controller (e.g., a personal computer). - One exemplary use of the invention in the entertainment field would be in image displays for entertainment events, such as sporting events (e.g., football, baseball, hockey, basketball, and the like) or social events (nightclubs, bars, displays for shopping malls, and the like). For example, the invention could be used with a sound system at a nightclub to display images related to particular songs being played.
- The general concept of the invention will be described further with reference to the following Examples. However, it is to be understood that the following Examples are merely illustrative of the general concepts of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.
- This example demonstrates forming fluorescent images utilizing a laser and a laminated support having fluorescent material located between the plies of the laminate.
- A laminated article was formed using a 10 cm by 10 cm square piece of clear float glass 2 mm thick as a first ply and a 10 mm by 10 mm by 2 mm thick piece of SOLEX® glass commercially available from PPG Industries, Inc. of Pittsburgh, Pa. as a second ply. SOLEX® glass has a green tint. To incorporate fluorescent material into the laminated article, 0.025 g of Uvitex OB fluorescent material commercially available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation was dissolved in 50 ml of methanol. This solution was then applied onto a glass blank by dipping a surface of the blank into the solution. The solution remaining on the glass blank was then allowed to dry for five minutes under a heat lamp to form a dried layer of fluorescent material on the blank. A major surface of the 10 cm by 10 cm clear glass ply described above was then pressed against the dried fluorescent material on the glass blank to adhere at least some of the dried fluorescent material onto the major surface of the clear glass ply. The SOLEX® glass ply and the clear glass ply with the adhered fluorescent material were then laminated together utilizing Grade B 180 SL polyvinyl butyral commercially available from E.I. duPont de Nemours Corporation to form an interlayer having a thickness of 0.5 mm. The clear glass ply was positioned such that the fluorescent material was on the interior surface of the clear glass ply, i.e., on the side of the clear glass ply facing the interlayer. The lamination process included a vacuum stage and an autoclave stage. During the vacuum stage, the assembled parts of the article were subjected to a vacuum from a mechanical pump for seven minutes at room temperature and then for eighteen minutes at 255° F. (124° C.). During the autoclave stage, an automatic process controlled the pressure and temperature. The pressure was raised from atmospheric to 50 psi gage (3.5 kg/sq. cm) in ten minutes, held a 50 psi gage (3.5 kg/sq. cm) for ten minutes, raised to 200 psi gage (14 kg/sq. cm) in five minutes, held at 200 psi gage (14 kg/sq. cm) for thirty minutes, and decreased to atmospheric pressure in five minutes. The temperature was raised to 285° F. (140° C.) in ten minutes, held at 285° F. (140° C.) for thirty-five minutes, and allowed to cool for fifteen minutes. The laminated article was positioned on a support and an energy beam from a laser commercially available from Spectra-Physics and having a rated output of 7.5 mW at 350 nm was directed to the clear glass ply side of the laminated article. The absorption band for the fluorescent material, which has its peak at 375 nm, overlapped the wavelength of the laser output. The electromagnetic radiation from the laser caused the fluorescent material to fluoresce and produce a strong, visible blue dot where the laser beam was directed onto the clear glass ply side of the laminated article. The laser beam, reflected by a hand-held mirror, was moved across the clear glass ply side to cause the fluorescent material in the path of the laser beam to fluoresce. The laser beam was then directed to the SOLEX® glass ply side of the article and no fluorescence was detected. This indicates that the electromagnetic beam from the laser was not transmitted through the SOLEX® glass ply and/or polyvinyl butyral interlayer. Thus, the laser beam passes through the clear glass ply side, but not through the polyvinyl butyral and SOLEX® glass ply side of the article.
- The laminated article from Example 1 above was used with a different projection system than described above.
- The projection system used in this Example utilized a model LD1349 laser diode commercially available from Power Technology, Inc. and had a rated output of 5 mW at 395 nm to 397 nm. This wavelength range is also within the absorption band of the Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation fluorescent material incorporated into the laminated article. Again, the laser beam was directed to the clear glass ply side of the article and fluorescence was observed yielding a fluorescent blue light along the path of the laser beam.
- FIG. 5 is a graph of percent transmittance vs. wavelength for a 2.1 mm thick piece of clear float glass (curve112) and also for the laminated article (curve 114) described above in Example 1. As shown in FIG. 5, for these particular materials there is a “transmittance gap” 116 between the two curves. For example, energy at a wavelength of 370 nm has a transmittance of 70% through the clear glass but has a transmittance of 0% through the laminated article itself. Thus, if a fluorescent material having an absorption band which includes 370 nm is used in the laminated article, an energy beam of 370 nm can be directed through the clear glass side of the laminated article to cause fluorescence but will not pass through the rest of the laminated article.
- While some exemplary embodiments and uses of the present invention have been described above, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the concepts disclosed in the foregoing description. For example, although the invention was described above with particular use as a head-up display for a vehicle, the display system of the invention could be used in non-vehicular applications, such as the formation of images or information displays on non-transparent surfaces in vehicles or elsewhere, such as walls, ceilings, or opaque screens. This information could include displays of advertisements, entertainment (such as light displays), or decorative patterns which could be changed as desired by an operator. Moreover, although the embodiments described above primarily utilized one or more fluorescent materials, it is to be understood that other types of light emitting materials, such as but not limited to phosphorescent material(s) could be used in lieu of or in addition to the fluorescent material(s). Accordingly, the particular embodiments described in detail herein are illustrative only and are not limiting to the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all equivalents thereof.
Claims (36)
1. A display system, comprising:
at least one fluorescent material having an absorption band; and
a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source, the projection assembly configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band of the fluorescent material toward the fluorescent material to cause at least a portion of the fluorescent material to fluoresce.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent material is carried on a support.
3. The system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the support is a laminated article having a first ply and a second ply.
4. The system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the fluorescent material is located between the first and second plies.
5. The system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the support is a monolithic article.
6. The system as claimed in claim 2 , including a functional coating located on the support.
7. The system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the support is an automotive transparency.
8. The system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein at least one of the first and second plies is selected from glass, plastic, and ceramic.
9. The system as claimed in claim 7 , wherein at least one of the first and second plies is selected from annealed glass, tempered glass, and heat strengthened glass.
10. The system as claimed in claim 3 , including an interlayer located between the first and second plies, with the fluorescent material located between the first ply and the interlayer.
11. The system as claimed in claim 9 , including a functional coating located between the second ply and the interlayer.
12. The system as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the interlayer is selected from polyvinyl butyral, plasticized polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene terephthalate.
13. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the projection assembly is controlled to cause the fluorescent material to form an image.
14. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the support has a first portion that is substantially transparent to the one or more selected wavelengths and a second portion that is substantially non-transparent to the one or more selected wavelengths.
15. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic radiation source includes a laser or laser diode.
16. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the radiation is in the range of 300 nm to 410 nm.
17. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the projection assembly includes a controller configured to selectively direct the radiation toward one or more selected areas of the fluorescent material.
18. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the projection assembly includes a directing system configured to direct the radiation from the radiation source toward the fluorescent material.
19. The system as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the directing system comprises at least one mirror.
20. The system as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the directing system includes a movement device configured to direct the radiation toward at least a selected area of the fluorescent material.
21. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the display system is a head-up display system.
22. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the support is selected from a commercial window, a residential window, a commercial sign, an advertising display, and an insulating glass unit.
23. A vehicle head-up display, comprising:
at least one fluorescent material having an absorption band; and
a projection assembly configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band of the at least one fluorescent material toward the fluorescent material to cause at least a portion of the fluorescent material to fluoresce.
24. A vehicle head-up display, comprising:
a windshield having a first ply and a second ply;
at least one fluorescent material having an adsorption band and located between the first and second ply; and
a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source and configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band toward the fluorescent material to cause at least a portion of the fluorescent material to fluoresce to form an image.
25. A method of displaying images, comprising the steps of:
selectively directing electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source toward a support having at least one fluorescent material; and
controlling the radiation source to cause the fluorescent material to fluoresce to form an image.
26. The method as claimed in claim 25 , including defining a plurality of scan paths on at least a portion of the fluorescent material and selectively energizing and deenergizing the radiation source along the scan paths to form the image.
27. The method as claimed in claim 26 , including:
directing the electromagnetic radiation in a first direction along a first scan path while selectively energizing and deenergizing the radiation source;
displacing the electromagnetic radiation in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and
directing the electromagnetic radiation in a third direction substantially parallel to the first direction while selectively energizing and deenergizing the radiation source.
28. The method as claimed in claim 25 , wherein the support is an automotive transparency and the method includes moving the radiation along at least a portion of the automotive transparency to form the image.
29. The method as claimed in claim 27 , including energizing and deenergizing the radiation source to form adjacent fluorescent and non-fluorescent areas on the support.
30. The method as claimed in claim 27 , including blocking and unblocking radiation from the radiation source to form adjacent fluorescent and non-fluorescent areas on the support.
31. A vehicle having a head-up display as claimed in claim 24 .
32. A display system, comprising:
at least one light emitting material having an absorption band; and
a projection assembly having an electromagnetic radiation source, the projection assembly configured to direct radiation of one or more selected wavelengths within the absorption band of the light emitting material toward the light emitting material to cause at least a portion of the light emitting material to emit light.
33. The system as claimed in claim 32 , wherein the light emitting material is selected from the group consisting of fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, and mixtures thereof.
34. The system as claimed in claim 33 , wherein the system is a vehicle head-up display.
35. A method of displaying images, comprising the steps of:
selectively directing electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source toward a support having one or more light emitting materials; and
controlling the radiation source to cause the light emitting material to emit light to form an image.
36. The method as claimed in claim 35 , wherein the light emitting material is selected from the group consisting of fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, and mixtures thereof.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/047,296 US20020120916A1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-01-14 | Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material |
AU2002247002A AU2002247002A1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-01-15 | Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material |
PCT/US2002/001432 WO2002058402A2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-01-15 | Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material |
US10/642,723 US6979499B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2003-08-18 | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
US11/280,775 US7230767B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2005-11-16 | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US26214601P | 2001-01-16 | 2001-01-16 | |
US10/047,296 US20020120916A1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-01-14 | Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/642,723 Continuation-In-Part US6979499B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2003-08-18 | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20020120916A1 true US20020120916A1 (en) | 2002-08-29 |
Family
ID=26724854
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/047,296 Abandoned US20020120916A1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-01-14 | Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material |
US10/642,723 Expired - Fee Related US6979499B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2003-08-18 | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
US11/280,775 Expired - Fee Related US7230767B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2005-11-16 | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/642,723 Expired - Fee Related US6979499B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2003-08-18 | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
US11/280,775 Expired - Fee Related US7230767B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2005-11-16 | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20020120916A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002247002A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002058402A2 (en) |
Cited By (68)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040070551A1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2004-04-15 | Walck Scott D. | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
US20050017204A1 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-27 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Infrared projector |
US20050084659A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-21 | General Atomics | Vehicle windshield head-up display |
US20050094266A1 (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2005-05-05 | Superimaging, Inc. | Microstructures integrated into a transparent substrate which scatter incident light to display an image |
US20050094109A1 (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2005-05-05 | Superlmaging, Inc. | Light emitting material integrated into a substantially transparent substrate |
US20050231692A1 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2005-10-20 | Superimaging, Inc. | Excitation light emission apparatus |
US20050231652A1 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2005-10-20 | Superimaging, Inc. | Emission of visible light in response to absorption of excitation light |
US7090355B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2006-08-15 | Superimaging, Inc. | System and method for a transparent color image display utilizing fluorescence conversion of nano particles and molecules |
US20060197922A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-07 | Superimaging, Inc. | Display |
US20080002159A1 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2008-01-03 | Jian-Qiang Liu | Waveguide display |
US20080158510A1 (en) * | 2007-01-02 | 2008-07-03 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Apparatus And Method For Displaying Information Within A Vehicle Interior |
US20080280147A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-13 | Thiel James P | Vehicle transparency |
US20090011205A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2009-01-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Vehicle transparency |
EP2017237A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-01-21 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
US20110073773A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-03-31 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Head-up display device |
WO2012004535A1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-12 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated structure for displaying information |
EP2409833A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-25 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated glazing for head-up display |
WO2012038170A1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Glass pane as head-up display |
WO2012072950A1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated glass panel for head-up display system |
FR2979075A1 (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-02-22 | Renault Sa | Glazing, useful as windscreen of motor vehicle for visualization of informations, comprises first and second transparent support layers, active layer in luminescent material and reflective structure placed between support and active layers |
JP2014024312A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-02-06 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Luminescent sheet, intermediate film for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
WO2014108508A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Fluorescent displays containing an interlayer film of polyvinylacetal which comprises plasticizers |
CN103998236A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-08-20 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Device for viewing an image on a laminated substrate |
US20140232707A1 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2014-08-21 | Matthias Alschinger | Device for generating a display image on a composite glass pane |
EP2942192A1 (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-11 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Fluorescence display |
US20150375691A1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-12-31 | Valeo Etudes Electroniques | Display, in particular a head-up display, for a vehicle |
CN105408800A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-03-16 | 法雷奥伊图德斯电子公司 | Display for displaying a virtual image in the field of view of a vehicle driver and image-generating device for said display |
WO2016134033A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion in wearable heads-up displays |
US20160266385A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-09-15 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | System for displaying an image on a windscreen |
CN106274691A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 乐视控股(北京)有限公司 | Automobile head-up display and display packing |
US9766449B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-09-19 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for wearable heads-up displays |
US9816027B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2017-11-14 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a film having luminescent particles |
US9891510B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2018-02-13 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Method for implementing a device for displaying a real image |
US9904051B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2018-02-27 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser eye tracking |
US9958682B1 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2018-05-01 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for splitter optics in wearable heads-up displays |
US10073268B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-09-11 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Display with integrated visible light eye tracking |
US10126815B2 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2018-11-13 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for proximity-based eye tracking |
US10133075B2 (en) | 2015-05-04 | 2018-11-20 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for angle- and wavelength-multiplexed holographic optical elements |
US10151926B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2018-12-11 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for preventing eyebox degradation in a wearable heads-up display |
JP2019028373A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-21 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Display device and infrared cut-off film |
US10215987B2 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2019-02-26 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for astigmatism compensation in a wearable heads-up display |
US10230929B2 (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2019-03-12 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser projectors |
US10309615B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2019-06-04 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Light emissive display based on lightwave coupling in combination with visible light illuminated content |
US10365492B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2019-07-30 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for beam combining in wearable heads-up displays |
US10365550B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2019-07-30 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for focusing laser projectors |
US10409057B2 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2019-09-10 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser eye tracking in wearable heads-up displays |
US10437074B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2019-10-08 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for beam combining in laser projectors |
CN110315975A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-11 | 山东光韵智能科技有限公司 | A kind of easy clean power generation of automobile-used soft quality is developed compound middle control cover board and its manufacturing method |
US10459222B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-10-29 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for variable luminance in wearable heads-up displays |
US10488662B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2019-11-26 | North Inc. | Systems, articles, and methods for integrating holographic optical elements with eyeglass lenses |
US10528135B2 (en) | 2013-01-14 | 2020-01-07 | Ctrl-Labs Corporation | Wearable muscle interface systems, devices and methods that interact with content displayed on an electronic display |
JP2020073441A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2020-05-14 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Interlayer film for glass laminate, glass laminate, and display device |
US10656822B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2020-05-19 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for interacting with content displayed on head-mounted displays |
US10684692B2 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2020-06-16 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Systems, devices, and methods for gesture identification |
US10802190B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2020-10-13 | Covestro Llc | Systems, devices, and methods for curved holographic optical elements |
EP3604248A4 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-12-16 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Luminous curved glass and curved digital signage |
US10901216B2 (en) | 2017-10-23 | 2021-01-26 | Google Llc | Free space multiple laser diode modules |
US11079846B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2021-08-03 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for capacitive electromyography sensors |
US11372244B2 (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2022-06-28 | Goertek Technology Co., Ltd. | Laser beam scanning display device and augmented reality glasses |
US11635736B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2023-04-25 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for identifying biological structures associated with neuromuscular source signals |
US11644799B2 (en) | 2013-10-04 | 2023-05-09 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles and methods for wearable electronic devices employing contact sensors |
US11666264B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2023-06-06 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for electromyography sensors |
WO2023184276A1 (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Display method, display system and terminal device |
US11797087B2 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2023-10-24 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Methods and apparatus for autocalibration of a wearable electrode sensor system |
US11868531B1 (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2024-01-09 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Wearable device providing for thumb-to-finger-based input gestures detected based on neuromuscular signals, and systems and methods of use thereof |
US11907423B2 (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2024-02-20 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for contextualized interactions with an environment |
US11921471B2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2024-03-05 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for wearable devices having secondary power sources in links of a band for providing secondary power in addition to a primary power source |
US11961494B1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2024-04-16 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Electromagnetic interference reduction in extended reality environments |
Families Citing this family (168)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004102195A1 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-25 | Index Pharmaceuticals Ab | Method for identifying tff2 regulating agents and agents identified using said method |
US7285789B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2007-10-23 | Oc Oerlikon Balzers Ag | Optical device for surface-generated fluorescence |
DE102004038916A1 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-31 | Volkswagen Ag | Display device for motor vehicle, includes display element for optically representing information concerning motor vehicle |
JP2005202282A (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-28 | Lintec Corp | Signage device |
US20050179008A1 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-08-18 | Zhiguo Xiao | Light-storage self-luminescent glass and the process for producing the same |
JP4252938B2 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2009-04-08 | 株式会社デンソー | Vehicle cabin lighting system |
US7486255B2 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2009-02-03 | Microvision, Inc. | Scanned beam system and method using a plurality of display zones |
DE102005041229A1 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-08-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Display device for motor vehicle, includes windshield with light emission layer, reflector between optical source and windshield, and projector between optical source and reflector |
US20060165910A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-07-27 | Cabot Corporation | Processes for forming nanoparticles |
US7791561B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2010-09-07 | Prysm, Inc. | Display systems having screens with optical fluorescent materials |
US7474286B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2009-01-06 | Spudnik, Inc. | Laser displays using UV-excitable phosphors emitting visible colored light |
US7733310B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2010-06-08 | Prysm, Inc. | Display screens having optical fluorescent materials |
US7994702B2 (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2011-08-09 | Prysm, Inc. | Scanning beams displays based on light-emitting screens having phosphors |
US8000005B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2011-08-16 | Prysm, Inc. | Multilayered fluorescent screens for scanning beam display systems |
US8089425B2 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2012-01-03 | Prysm, Inc. | Optical designs for scanning beam display systems using fluorescent screens |
JP4899623B2 (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2012-03-21 | 日立化成工業株式会社 | Inorganic scintillator, and radiation detector and PET apparatus using the same |
EP1793261B1 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2009-08-12 | C.R.F. Societa Consortile per Azioni | Transparent display based on photoluminescent material |
US8451195B2 (en) | 2006-02-15 | 2013-05-28 | Prysm, Inc. | Servo-assisted scanning beam display systems using fluorescent screens |
US7884816B2 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2011-02-08 | Prysm, Inc. | Correcting pyramidal error of polygon scanner in scanning beam display systems |
WO2007114918A2 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-11 | Microvision, Inc. | Electronic display with photoluminescent wavelength conversion |
GB0718706D0 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2007-11-07 | Creative Physics Ltd | Method and apparatus for reducing laser speckle |
US9533523B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2017-01-03 | Sicpa Holding Sa | Reflective features with co-planar elements and processes for making them |
US20070281177A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Cabot Corporation | Colored Reflective Features And Inks And Processes For Making Them |
US20070281136A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Cabot Corporation | Ink jet printed reflective features and processes and inks for making them |
US20070279718A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Cabot Corporation | Reflective features with co-planar elements and processes for making them |
US8790459B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2014-07-29 | Cabot Corporation | Colored reflective features and inks and processes for making them |
US8070186B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2011-12-06 | Cabot Corporation | Printable reflective features formed from multiple inks and processes for making them |
US20070287028A1 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-13 | Wilfried Hedderich | Self-illuminating glazing panels |
JP2009229471A (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2009-10-08 | Sharp Corp | Optical component, lighting system for display, and display |
JP5431636B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2014-03-05 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | Vehicle sign light |
DE102006038302A1 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-21 | Atmel Germany Gmbh | Optical sensor unit for optical scanning device of data drive e.g. DVD drive, has laminar contacting unit provided with opening, which is formed adjacent to surrounding on photosensitive area of semiconductor component for light incidence |
US20080068295A1 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-03-20 | Hajjar Roger A | Compensation for Spatial Variation in Displayed Image in Scanning Beam Display Systems Using Light-Emitting Screens |
US8013506B2 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2011-09-06 | Prysm, Inc. | Organic compounds for adjusting phosphor chromaticity |
US7442938B2 (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-10-28 | General Electric Company | X-ray detector fabrication methods and apparatus therefrom |
US9525850B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2016-12-20 | Prysm, Inc. | Delivering and displaying advertisement or other application data to display systems |
US8169454B1 (en) | 2007-04-06 | 2012-05-01 | Prysm, Inc. | Patterning a surface using pre-objective and post-objective raster scanning systems |
US7697183B2 (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2010-04-13 | Prysm, Inc. | Post-objective scanning beam systems |
WO2008144673A2 (en) | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-27 | Spudnik, Inc. | Multilayered screens with light-emitting stripes for scanning beam display systems |
JP5013962B2 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2012-08-29 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Laminated glass for vehicles |
US8556430B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2013-10-15 | Prysm, Inc. | Servo feedback control based on designated scanning servo beam in scanning beam display systems with light-emitting screens |
US7878657B2 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2011-02-01 | Prysm, Inc. | Servo feedback control based on invisible scanning servo beam in scanning beam display systems with light-emitting screens |
DE102007046971A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-16 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Motor vehicle with a display and a camera |
EP2198624B1 (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2017-12-27 | Philips Lighting Holding B.V. | Lighting device, array of lighting devices and optical projection device |
JP4924393B2 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2012-04-25 | ソニー株式会社 | Display device |
FR2926520B1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2010-06-04 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | DRIVING ASSISTANCE SYSTEM INTEGRATED IN THE WINDSHIELD OF A VEHICLE |
JP2009244869A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-10-22 | Panasonic Corp | Display apparatus, display method, goggle-type head-mounted display, and vehicle |
FR2929017B1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2010-06-04 | Saint Gobain | HIGH HEAD VISUALIZATION DEVICE WITH PRE-PRINTED PICTOGRAM. |
US7864431B2 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2011-01-04 | Centre Luxembourgeois De Recherches Pour Le Verre Et La Ceramique S.A. (C.R.V.C.) | Windshield for use with head-up display and/or method of making the same |
US7869112B2 (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-01-11 | Prysm, Inc. | Beam scanning based on two-dimensional polygon scanner for display and other applications |
US8530845B2 (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2013-09-10 | Trustees Of Boston University | Synthesis of advanced scintillators via vapor deposition techniques |
US8022346B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2011-09-20 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Automatic fault detection and laser shut-down method for a laser-generated windshield display |
US8912978B2 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2014-12-16 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Dynamic vehicle system information on full windshield head-up display |
US9335604B2 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2016-05-10 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Holographic waveguide display |
US11726332B2 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2023-08-15 | Digilens Inc. | Diffractive projection apparatus |
WO2010127135A2 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Photodigm, Inc. | Rear projection display using laser excited photoluminescence |
KR101060643B1 (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2011-08-31 | 박승민 | Permeable display device for sound output with object-based position coordinate effect |
FR2946336B1 (en) | 2009-06-03 | 2011-05-20 | Saint Gobain | LAMINATED GLAZING FOR HIGH HEAD VISUALIZATION SYSTEM |
DE102009033383A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2011-01-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Motor vehicle has windscreen, head-up display for graphic representation of information on windshield and another display for graphical representation of information |
US20110025584A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Light-emitting diode heads-up display for a vehicle |
DE102009028498A1 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-02-17 | Daimler Ag | Projection display device for vehicles, has flat combiner element, where combiner element is arranged between vehicle occupant and disk of vehicle |
US11300795B1 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | Digilens Inc. | Systems for and methods of using fold gratings coordinated with output couplers for dual axis expansion |
US10795160B1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2020-10-06 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Systems for and methods of using fold gratings for dual axis expansion |
US11320571B2 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2022-05-03 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Transparent waveguide display providing upper and lower fields of view with uniform light extraction |
US8233204B1 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2012-07-31 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Optical displays |
DE102009044181A1 (en) | 2009-10-05 | 2011-04-07 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Laminated glass as head-up display |
US20110115990A1 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-19 | Joe Bhaktiar | Display system |
US8659826B1 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2014-02-25 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Worn display system and method without requiring real time tracking for boresight precision |
TWI464523B (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2014-12-11 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Projection screen, method of making same, and projection system using same |
US8466438B2 (en) | 2010-07-22 | 2013-06-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | System and method of using fluorescent material to display information on a vehicle window |
CN102486601A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 宏瞻科技股份有限公司 | Projection curtain in laser projection system |
WO2012136970A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2012-10-11 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Laser despeckler based on angular diversity |
EP2511135A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-17 | Volvo Car Corporation | Window arrangement |
EP2511750A1 (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-10-17 | Volvo Car Corporation | Vehicular information display system |
DE102011080154B4 (en) | 2011-07-29 | 2015-11-12 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Vehicle window pane and vehicle with laminated glass panes as vehicle window panes |
US20140204455A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2014-07-24 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Wearable data display |
US10670876B2 (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2020-06-02 | Digilens Inc. | Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a despeckler |
WO2016020630A2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a despeckler |
US9366864B1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2016-06-14 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | System for and method of displaying information without need for a combiner alignment detector |
US8634139B1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2014-01-21 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | System for and method of catadioptric collimation in a compact head up display (HUD) |
US9715067B1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2017-07-25 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Ultra-compact HUD utilizing waveguide pupil expander with surface relief gratings in high refractive index materials |
US9507150B1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2016-11-29 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Head up display (HUD) using a bent waveguide assembly |
CN103108154A (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-15 | 辉达公司 | Automobile navigation equipment |
US8553334B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2013-10-08 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Heads-up display system utilizing controlled reflections from a dashboard surface |
FR2984812A3 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-28 | Renault Sa | Display system for displaying information on display surface in passenger compartment of car, has electromagnetic wave source control unit controlling wave source based on signals from inverse diffraction pattern calculating device |
WO2013102759A2 (en) | 2012-01-06 | 2013-07-11 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Contact image sensor using switchable bragg gratings |
FR2987363B1 (en) | 2012-02-24 | 2020-01-24 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | THERMOPLASTIC SHEET FOR HIGH HEAD VISUALIZATION SYSTEM |
US8893416B1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2014-11-25 | DeAndre LaShawn McKenzie | Police vehicle verification method |
US9523852B1 (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2016-12-20 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Micro collimator system and method for a head up display (HUD) |
JP5910274B2 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2016-04-27 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Heat ray shielding film and method for producing the same |
EP2842003B1 (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2019-02-27 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Holographic wide angle display |
JP5806992B2 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2015-11-10 | 株式会社東芝 | Display device |
EP2914428B1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2020-02-19 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Windscreen with head-up display |
US9933684B2 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2018-04-03 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Transparent waveguide display providing upper and lower fields of view having a specific light output aperture configuration |
FR2999979B1 (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2015-02-13 | Saint Gobain | LAMINOPHORIC GLAZING COMPRISING LUMINOPHORES |
FR3002767B1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2015-02-27 | Saint Gobain | VISUALIZATION DEVICE FOR TRANSPARENT GLAZING |
US9674413B1 (en) | 2013-04-17 | 2017-06-06 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Vision system and method having improved performance and solar mitigation |
FR3004816B1 (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2016-10-21 | Valeo Etudes Electroniques | IMAGE GENERATOR FOR DISPLAY, IN PARTICULAR HIGH HEAD DISPLAY |
US9727772B2 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2017-08-08 | Digilens, Inc. | Method and apparatus for contact image sensing |
US9244281B1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2016-01-26 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Display system and method using a detached combiner |
CN105473528A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2016-04-06 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | Intermediate film for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
FR3012069B1 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2015-10-23 | Saint Gobain | GLAZING FOR VISUALIZATION SYSTEM |
FR3012070B1 (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-10-30 | Saint Gobain | GLAZING FOR VISUALIZATION SYSTEM |
US10732407B1 (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2020-08-04 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Near eye head up display system and method with fixed combiner |
US9519089B1 (en) | 2014-01-30 | 2016-12-13 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | High performance volume phase gratings |
US10800143B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2020-10-13 | Corning Incorporated | Glass laminate structures for head-up display system |
US9244280B1 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2016-01-26 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Near eye display system and method for display enhancement or redundancy |
CN103982828B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-10-12 | 骏熠电子科技(昆山)有限公司 | A kind of luminous body with multiple color change function |
CN104181766B (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-09-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display device for mounting on vehicle |
WO2016020632A1 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Milan Momcilo Popovich | Method for holographic mastering and replication |
US10241330B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2019-03-26 | Digilens, Inc. | Method and apparatus for generating input images for holographic waveguide displays |
US10088675B1 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2018-10-02 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Turning light pipe for a pupil expansion system and method |
US9715110B1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2017-07-25 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Automotive head up display (HUD) |
EP3221167B1 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2020-10-28 | Gentex Corporation | Electro-optic assembly |
WO2016104592A1 (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-06-30 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Display device, interlayer film for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
CN111323867A (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2020-06-23 | 迪吉伦斯公司 | Environmentally isolated waveguide display |
US9493121B2 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-11-15 | Volkswagen Ag | Switchable rearview mirror |
US9632226B2 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2017-04-25 | Digilens Inc. | Waveguide grating device |
US11366316B2 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2022-06-21 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Head up display (HUD) using a light pipe |
US10247943B1 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2019-04-02 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Head up display (HUD) using a light pipe |
US10126552B2 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2018-11-13 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Micro collimator system and method for a head up display (HUD) |
WO2016205503A1 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2016-12-22 | Gentex Corporation | Heads up display system |
US10108010B2 (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2018-10-23 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | System for and method of integrating head up displays and head down displays |
JP2018533075A (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2018-11-08 | ジェンテックス コーポレイション | Head-up display system |
JP6598269B2 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2019-10-30 | ディジレンズ インコーポレイテッド | Waveguide display |
US10815129B1 (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2020-10-27 | United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa | Method of fabricating rigid radiation reflectors |
WO2017090562A1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-01 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Laminated glass |
KR102436809B1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2022-08-29 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Window display apparatus |
US10598932B1 (en) | 2016-01-06 | 2020-03-24 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Head up display for integrating views of conformally mapped symbols and a fixed image source |
JP6895451B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2021-06-30 | ディジレンズ インコーポレイテッド | Methods and Devices for Providing Polarized Selective Holography Waveguide Devices |
EP3433658B1 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2023-08-09 | DigiLens, Inc. | Holographic waveguide apparatus for structured light projection |
WO2017180734A1 (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-19 | Corning Incorporated | Smart window projection screen |
WO2018013960A1 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-18 | Gentex Corporation | Electro-optic element with high double image ratio |
WO2018071180A1 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-19 | Gentex Corporation | Polarized window assembly |
US11513350B2 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2022-11-29 | Digilens Inc. | Waveguide device with uniform output illumination |
US10545346B2 (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2020-01-28 | Digilens Inc. | Wearable heads up displays |
US10295824B2 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2019-05-21 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Head up display with an angled light pipe |
WO2019079350A2 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-25 | Digilens, Inc. | Systems and methods for multiplying the image resolution of a pixelated display |
EP3692414B1 (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2022-03-02 | Gentex Corporation | Switchable polarized displays |
CN111316160A (en) | 2017-11-27 | 2020-06-19 | 金泰克斯公司 | Switchable polarization display |
WO2019136476A1 (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2019-07-11 | Digilens, Inc. | Waveguide architectures and related methods of manufacturing |
KR20200108030A (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2020-09-16 | 디지렌즈 인코포레이티드. | System and method for high throughput recording of holographic gratings in waveguide cells |
JPWO2019225749A1 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2021-07-15 | Agc株式会社 | Video projection structure, its manufacturing method, and video display system |
US11402801B2 (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2022-08-02 | Digilens Inc. | Systems and methods for fabricating a multilayer optical structure |
JP7131210B2 (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2022-09-06 | 株式会社Jvcケンウッド | Display device, display method and program |
FR3091596B1 (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2021-01-01 | Eyelights | Method and device for generating an image from elementary patterns for a head-up display system |
FR3091597B1 (en) | 2019-01-04 | 2023-02-10 | Eyelights | Method and device for generating an image by bands for a head-up display system |
US20220091414A1 (en) | 2019-01-07 | 2022-03-24 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Vehicle glazing and display system |
US11618242B2 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2023-04-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Automotive glass display |
WO2020168348A1 (en) | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-20 | Digilens Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for providing a holographic waveguide display using integrated gratings |
KR20210134763A (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2021-11-10 | 디지렌즈 인코포레이티드. | Holographic waveguide backlights and related manufacturing methods |
US11926122B2 (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2024-03-12 | Acr Ii Glass America Inc. | Luminescent glazing |
US20200386947A1 (en) | 2019-06-07 | 2020-12-10 | Digilens Inc. | Waveguides Incorporating Transmissive and Reflective Gratings and Related Methods of Manufacturing |
KR20220038452A (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2022-03-28 | 디지렌즈 인코포레이티드. | Method and apparatus for multiplying the image resolution and field of view of a pixelated display |
JP2022546413A (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2022-11-04 | ディジレンズ インコーポレイテッド | Vacuum grating and manufacturing method |
WO2021139994A1 (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-15 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Glass vehicle side window and partition window with projection transparent screen |
CN113383306A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2021-09-10 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Glass vehicle side window and divider window with active projection transparent screen |
CN113383262A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2021-09-10 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Glass vehicle roof with projected transparent screen |
WO2021213884A1 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-28 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Vehicle compound glazing unit with projection area and vehicle glazing and display system |
EP4153423A1 (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2023-03-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Vehicle compound glazing unit with projection area |
CN111660769A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-15 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Projection intelligence window |
JPWO2022019048A1 (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-01-27 | ||
CN115119507A (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2022-09-27 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Glass with handling device and method for producing glass |
US20230399834A1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2023-12-14 | Safran Cabin Inc. | Coating for vehicle lavatory with luminescing visual indication of sanitization |
US20220415221A1 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-12-29 | Christin Paige MINNOTTE | Light sensitive display system |
CN114200674A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-03-18 | 恒大恒驰新能源汽车研究院(上海)有限公司 | Display apparatus, vehicle, and control method |
CN114633338B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-10-21 | 佛山豪德数控机械有限公司 | Multi-station edge bonding machine |
CN117642781A (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2024-03-01 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Arrangement for a driver assistance system |
WO2024046729A1 (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2024-03-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Composite pane with an integrated functional element |
Family Cites Families (49)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2264044A (en) | 1939-03-31 | 1941-11-25 | Lee Bert | Motor vehicle speedometer |
US2878606A (en) * | 1954-12-23 | 1959-03-24 | Meijer Leo | Laminated fluorescent sign |
US3723805A (en) | 1971-05-12 | 1973-03-27 | Us Navy | Distortion correction system |
US3762988A (en) | 1971-08-09 | 1973-10-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Interlayer and laminated product |
JPS52105768A (en) | 1976-03-01 | 1977-09-05 | Ise Electronics Corp | Cathode ray display panel |
DE2846837A1 (en) | 1978-10-27 | 1980-05-08 | Hoechst Ag | POLYVINYLBUTYRAL FILM |
JPS5890604A (en) | 1981-11-25 | 1983-05-30 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Infrared-ray shielding laminate |
US4466562A (en) | 1981-12-15 | 1984-08-21 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for severing a glass sheet |
US4575722A (en) | 1982-05-05 | 1986-03-11 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Magneto-optic display |
US4948677A (en) | 1984-01-31 | 1990-08-14 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | High transmittance, low emissivity article and method of preparation |
EP0170472B1 (en) * | 1984-07-28 | 1989-12-06 | Contra Vision Limited | Panel |
US4610771A (en) | 1984-10-29 | 1986-09-09 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Sputtered films of metal alloy oxides and method of preparation thereof |
US4716086A (en) | 1984-12-19 | 1987-12-29 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Protective overcoat for low emissivity coated article |
US4757232A (en) | 1985-01-16 | 1988-07-12 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Visual display system comprising epitaxial terbium-activated garnet material |
US4671155A (en) | 1985-06-13 | 1987-06-09 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Positioning apparatus |
US5059295A (en) | 1986-12-29 | 1991-10-22 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of making low emissivity window |
US4898790A (en) | 1986-12-29 | 1990-02-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Low emissivity film for high temperature processing |
US4806220A (en) | 1986-12-29 | 1989-02-21 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of making low emissivity film for high temperature processing |
US5028759A (en) | 1988-04-01 | 1991-07-02 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Low emissivity film for a heated windshield |
US4746347A (en) | 1987-01-02 | 1988-05-24 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Patterned float glass method |
JPS63184210A (en) | 1987-01-27 | 1988-07-29 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Manufacture of transparent conductor |
US4792536A (en) | 1987-06-29 | 1988-12-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Transparent infrared absorbing glass and method of making |
JPH03500340A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1991-01-24 | ヒューズ フライト ダイナミックス インコーポレイテッド | Automotive head-up display system |
US4902580A (en) | 1988-04-01 | 1990-02-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Neutral reflecting coated articles with sputtered multilayer films of metal oxides |
US4834857A (en) | 1988-04-01 | 1989-05-30 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Neutral sputtered films of metal alloy oxides |
US4898789A (en) | 1988-04-04 | 1990-02-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Low emissivity film for automotive heat load reduction |
JP2911900B2 (en) | 1988-07-08 | 1999-06-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming method |
US5066525A (en) | 1989-01-25 | 1991-11-19 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Laminated glass panel incorporating hologram sheet |
US5013134A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1991-05-07 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Ghost-free automotive head-up display employing a wedged windshield |
US5066102A (en) * | 1989-10-09 | 1991-11-19 | Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. | Combiner for head-up display and glass with durable reflective coating |
MX171971B (en) | 1989-10-16 | 1993-11-24 | Libbey Owens Ford Co | DISPLAY PANEL FOR A VEHICLE WINDSHIELD |
US4935722A (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1990-06-19 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Transparent eyelevel upconversion stoplight for vehicles |
US5240886A (en) | 1990-07-30 | 1993-08-31 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Ultraviolet absorbing, green tinted glass |
DE4029312A1 (en) * | 1990-09-15 | 1992-03-19 | Claas Ohg | Optical windscreen display for working data of vehicle - provides direct reflection outside angle of view of driver and with LCD imaging |
US5393593A (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1995-02-28 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Dark gray, infrared absorbing glass composition and coated glass for privacy glazing |
US5473396A (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-12-05 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus and method of making the same |
IL113971A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1998-02-08 | Honeywell Inc | Day/night heads-up display (hud) |
US5653903A (en) | 1995-06-27 | 1997-08-05 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | L-shaped heating element with radiused end for a windshield |
JP3618948B2 (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 2005-02-09 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image display device and driving method thereof |
US5821001A (en) | 1996-04-25 | 1998-10-13 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Coated articles |
US5796055A (en) | 1997-01-13 | 1998-08-18 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Sound absorbing article and method of making same |
US6303238B1 (en) | 1997-12-01 | 2001-10-16 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | OLEDs doped with phosphorescent compounds |
US20020075210A1 (en) | 1998-08-05 | 2002-06-20 | Microvision, Inc. | Low light viewer with image simulation |
US6229503B1 (en) | 1998-08-25 | 2001-05-08 | Robert Mays, Jr. | Miniature personal display |
JP3584748B2 (en) | 1998-09-10 | 2004-11-04 | 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 | Fluorescence conversion filter and color display device having the filter |
US6304365B1 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2001-10-16 | The University Of British Columbia | Enhanced effective refractive index total internal reflection image display |
US6490402B1 (en) | 2000-08-02 | 2002-12-03 | Sony Corporation | Flexible flat color display |
US6869644B2 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2005-03-22 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Method of making coated articles and coated articles made thereby |
US20020120916A1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-08-29 | Snider Albert Monroe | Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material |
-
2002
- 2002-01-14 US US10/047,296 patent/US20020120916A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-01-15 AU AU2002247002A patent/AU2002247002A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-01-15 WO PCT/US2002/001432 patent/WO2002058402A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2003
- 2003-08-18 US US10/642,723 patent/US6979499B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-11-16 US US11/280,775 patent/US7230767B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (157)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6979499B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2005-12-27 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
US20040070551A1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2004-04-15 | Walck Scott D. | Image display system utilizing light emitting material |
US8152306B2 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2012-04-10 | Sun Innovations, Inc. | Waveguide display |
US7976169B2 (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2011-07-12 | Sun Innovations, Inc. | Waveguide display |
US20080002159A1 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2008-01-03 | Jian-Qiang Liu | Waveguide display |
US20060290898A1 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2006-12-28 | Jianqiang Liu | System and method for a transparent color image display utilizing fluorescence conversion of nanoparticles and molecules |
US7090355B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2006-08-15 | Superimaging, Inc. | System and method for a transparent color image display utilizing fluorescence conversion of nano particles and molecules |
US7348584B2 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2008-03-25 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Infrared projector |
US20050017204A1 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-27 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Infrared projector |
US20050084659A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-21 | General Atomics | Vehicle windshield head-up display |
US20050094109A1 (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2005-05-05 | Superlmaging, Inc. | Light emitting material integrated into a substantially transparent substrate |
US7182467B2 (en) | 2003-11-03 | 2007-02-27 | Superimaging, Inc. | Microstructures integrated into a transparent substrate which scatter incident light to display an image |
US20070257204A1 (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2007-11-08 | Xiao-Dong Sun | Light emitting material integrated into a substantially transparent substrate |
US6986581B2 (en) | 2003-11-03 | 2006-01-17 | Superimaging, Inc. | Light emitting material integrated into a substantially transparent substrate |
US20050094266A1 (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2005-05-05 | Superimaging, Inc. | Microstructures integrated into a transparent substrate which scatter incident light to display an image |
US7213923B2 (en) | 2004-04-19 | 2007-05-08 | Superimaging, Inc. | Emission of visible light in response to absorption of excitation light |
US20050231652A1 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2005-10-20 | Superimaging, Inc. | Emission of visible light in response to absorption of excitation light |
US20050231692A1 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2005-10-20 | Superimaging, Inc. | Excitation light emission apparatus |
US7452082B2 (en) | 2004-04-19 | 2008-11-18 | Superimaging, Inc. | Excitation light emission apparatus |
US7537346B2 (en) | 2005-03-03 | 2009-05-26 | Superimaging, Inc. | Display having integrated light emitting material |
US20060197922A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-07 | Superimaging, Inc. | Display |
JP2017210405A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2017-11-30 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Interlayer for glass laminate and laminated glass |
JPWO2007132777A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-09-24 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Laminated glass interlayer film and laminated glass |
JP5576019B2 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2014-08-20 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Laminated glass interlayer film and laminated glass |
US9067386B2 (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2015-06-30 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
US9427932B2 (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2016-08-30 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
EP2017237A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-01-21 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
JP2016164119A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2016-09-08 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Interlayer for laminate glass and laminate glass |
EP3208247A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2017-08-23 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
US8695756B2 (en) | 2006-05-12 | 2014-04-15 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
EP3828150A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2021-06-02 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
EP2017237A4 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2012-03-07 | Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd | Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
US20080158510A1 (en) * | 2007-01-02 | 2008-07-03 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Apparatus And Method For Displaying Information Within A Vehicle Interior |
US8025957B2 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2011-09-27 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Vehicle transparency |
US20080280147A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-13 | Thiel James P | Vehicle transparency |
US20090011205A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2009-01-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Vehicle transparency |
US8519362B2 (en) | 2008-03-19 | 2013-08-27 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Head-up display device |
JP2011518704A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-06-30 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | Head-up display device |
US20110073773A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-03-31 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Head-up display device |
KR101900516B1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2018-09-19 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | Laminated structure for displaying information |
FR2962363A1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-13 | Saint Gobain | SHEET STRUCTURE FOR DISPLAYING INFORMATION |
EA025008B1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2016-11-30 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Process for preparing a laminated structure for displaying information |
CN103052502A (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2013-04-17 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Laminated structure for displaying information |
WO2012004535A1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-12 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated structure for displaying information |
EP3199340A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2017-08-02 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated glass pane as head-up-display |
US9314998B2 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2016-04-19 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Composite glass pane as a head-up display |
EP2409833A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-25 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated glazing for head-up display |
KR101767292B1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2017-08-10 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | Composite glass pane as a head-up display |
EA025370B1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2016-12-30 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Composite glass pane as a window or head-up display, method for producing the same and device comprising the same |
WO2012010444A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Composite glass pane as a head-up display |
JP2013538172A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2013-10-10 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | Composite window glass as a head-up display |
WO2012038170A1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Glass pane as head-up display |
US10562275B2 (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2020-02-18 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Glass pane as head-up display |
US9855727B2 (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2018-01-02 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Glass pane as head-up display |
EA024472B1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2016-09-30 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Glass pane, method for producing same and use of said glass pane |
CN103079811A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-05-01 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Glass pane as head-up display |
KR101493627B1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2015-02-13 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | Glass pane as head-up display |
US8734953B2 (en) | 2010-12-03 | 2014-05-27 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated glass panel for head-up display system |
FR2968240A1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-08 | Saint Gobain | LAMINATED GLAZING FOR HIGH HEAD VISUALIZATION SYSTEM |
CN103228594A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-07-31 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Laminated glass panel for head-up display system |
EA022502B1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2016-01-29 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Laminated glass panel for head-up display system |
WO2012072950A1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated glass panel for head-up display system |
US9816027B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2017-11-14 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a film having luminescent particles |
FR2979075A1 (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-02-22 | Renault Sa | Glazing, useful as windscreen of motor vehicle for visualization of informations, comprises first and second transparent support layers, active layer in luminescent material and reflective structure placed between support and active layers |
US20140232707A1 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2014-08-21 | Matthias Alschinger | Device for generating a display image on a composite glass pane |
US9922621B2 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2018-03-20 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Device for generating a display image on a composite glass pane |
JP2014024312A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-02-06 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Luminescent sheet, intermediate film for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
CN103998236A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-08-20 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | Device for viewing an image on a laminated substrate |
US9891510B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2018-02-13 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Method for implementing a device for displaying a real image |
CN105408800A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-03-16 | 法雷奥伊图德斯电子公司 | Display for displaying a virtual image in the field of view of a vehicle driver and image-generating device for said display |
US20150375691A1 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-12-31 | Valeo Etudes Electroniques | Display, in particular a head-up display, for a vehicle |
JP2016509565A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2016-03-31 | クラレイ ユーロップ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングKuraray Europe GmbH | Fluorescent display containing an interlayer film composed of a plasticizer-containing polyvinyl acetal |
US10179442B2 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2019-01-15 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Fluorescent displays containing an interlayer film of polyvinylacetal which comprises plasticizers |
WO2014108508A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Fluorescent displays containing an interlayer film of polyvinylacetal which comprises plasticizers |
US11009951B2 (en) | 2013-01-14 | 2021-05-18 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Wearable muscle interface systems, devices and methods that interact with content displayed on an electronic display |
US10528135B2 (en) | 2013-01-14 | 2020-01-07 | Ctrl-Labs Corporation | Wearable muscle interface systems, devices and methods that interact with content displayed on an electronic display |
US11921471B2 (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2024-03-05 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for wearable devices having secondary power sources in links of a band for providing secondary power in addition to a primary power source |
US11644799B2 (en) | 2013-10-04 | 2023-05-09 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles and methods for wearable electronic devices employing contact sensors |
US11079846B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2021-08-03 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for capacitive electromyography sensors |
US20160266385A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-09-15 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | System for displaying an image on a windscreen |
US11666264B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2023-06-06 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for electromyography sensors |
US9989681B2 (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2018-06-05 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Fluorescent display |
EP2942192A1 (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-11 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Fluorescence display |
US10684692B2 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2020-06-16 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Systems, devices, and methods for gesture identification |
US10012829B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-07-03 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for wearable heads-up displays |
US10054788B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-08-21 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for wearable heads-up displays |
US10067337B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-09-04 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for wearable heads-up displays |
US9766449B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-09-19 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for wearable heads-up displays |
US9874744B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-01-23 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for wearable heads-up displays |
US10309615B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2019-06-04 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Light emissive display based on lightwave coupling in combination with visible light illuminated content |
US9958682B1 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2018-05-01 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for splitter optics in wearable heads-up displays |
US10613331B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2020-04-07 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for splitter optics in wearable heads-up displays |
US10031338B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2018-07-24 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion in wearable heads-up displays |
WO2016134033A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion in wearable heads-up displays |
US9989764B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2018-06-05 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion in wearable heads-up displays |
US10191283B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2019-01-29 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion displays in wearable heads-up displays |
WO2016134037A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion in wearable heads-up displays |
US10197805B2 (en) | 2015-05-04 | 2019-02-05 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for eyeboxes with heterogeneous exit pupils |
US10175488B2 (en) | 2015-05-04 | 2019-01-08 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for spatially-multiplexed holographic optical elements |
US10133075B2 (en) | 2015-05-04 | 2018-11-20 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for angle- and wavelength-multiplexed holographic optical elements |
US10180578B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2019-01-15 | North Inc. | Methods that integrate visible light eye tracking in scanning laser projection displays |
US10139633B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-11-27 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Eyebox expansion and exit pupil replication in wearable heads-up display having integrated eye tracking and laser projection |
US10073268B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-09-11 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Display with integrated visible light eye tracking |
US10114222B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-10-30 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Integrated eye tracking and laser projection methods with holographic elements of varying optical powers |
US10078219B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-09-18 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Wearable heads-up display with integrated eye tracker and different optical power holograms |
US10078220B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-09-18 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Wearable heads-up display with integrated eye tracker |
US10488661B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2019-11-26 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods that integrate eye tracking and scanning laser projection in wearable heads-up displays |
US10890765B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2021-01-12 | Google Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for integrating holographic optical elements with eyeglass lenses |
US10877272B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2020-12-29 | Google Llc | Systems, articles, and methods for integrating holographic optical elements with eyeglass lenses |
US10488662B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2019-11-26 | North Inc. | Systems, articles, and methods for integrating holographic optical elements with eyeglass lenses |
US10705342B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2020-07-07 | North Inc. | Systems, articles, and methods for integrating holographic optical elements with eyeglass lenses |
US10718945B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2020-07-21 | North Inc. | Systems, articles, and methods for integrating holographic optical elements with eyeglass lenses |
US10656822B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2020-05-19 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for interacting with content displayed on head-mounted displays |
US10606072B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2020-03-31 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser eye tracking |
US10228558B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2019-03-12 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser eye tracking |
US9904051B2 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2018-02-27 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser eye tracking |
US10802190B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2020-10-13 | Covestro Llc | Systems, devices, and methods for curved holographic optical elements |
US10126815B2 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2018-11-13 | Thalmic Labs Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for proximity-based eye tracking |
US10303246B2 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2019-05-28 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for proximity-based eye tracking |
US10241572B2 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2019-03-26 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for proximity-based eye tracking |
US10451881B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2019-10-22 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for preventing eyebox degradation in a wearable heads-up display |
US10437067B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2019-10-08 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for preventing eyebox degradation in a wearable heads-up display |
US10151926B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2018-12-11 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for preventing eyebox degradation in a wearable heads-up display |
US10365549B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2019-07-30 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for focusing laser projectors |
US10365548B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2019-07-30 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for focusing laser projectors |
US10365550B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2019-07-30 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for focusing laser projectors |
US10230929B2 (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2019-03-12 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser projectors |
US10277874B2 (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2019-04-30 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser projectors |
US10250856B2 (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2019-04-02 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser projectors |
US10459221B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-10-29 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for variable luminance in wearable heads-up displays |
US10459223B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-10-29 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for variable luminance in wearable heads-up displays |
US10459222B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-10-29 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for variable luminance in wearable heads-up displays |
CN106274691A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 乐视控股(北京)有限公司 | Automobile head-up display and display packing |
US10345596B2 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2019-07-09 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for astigmatism compensation in a wearable heads-up display |
US10215987B2 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2019-02-26 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for astigmatism compensation in a wearable heads-up display |
US10409057B2 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2019-09-10 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser eye tracking in wearable heads-up displays |
US10459220B2 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2019-10-29 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for laser eye tracking in wearable heads-up displays |
US10365492B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2019-07-30 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for beam combining in wearable heads-up displays |
US10663732B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2020-05-26 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for beam combining in wearable heads-up displays |
US10437074B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2019-10-08 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for beam combining in laser projectors |
US10718951B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2020-07-21 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for beam combining in laser projectors |
US10437073B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2019-10-08 | North Inc. | Systems, devices, and methods for beam combining in laser projectors |
US11545056B2 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2023-01-03 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Luminous curved glass and curved digital signage |
EP3604248A4 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-12-16 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Luminous curved glass and curved digital signage |
JP2019028373A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-21 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Display device and infrared cut-off film |
US11635736B2 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2023-04-25 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for identifying biological structures associated with neuromuscular source signals |
US10901216B2 (en) | 2017-10-23 | 2021-01-26 | Google Llc | Free space multiple laser diode modules |
US11300788B2 (en) | 2017-10-23 | 2022-04-12 | Google Llc | Free space multiple laser diode modules |
US11372244B2 (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2022-06-28 | Goertek Technology Co., Ltd. | Laser beam scanning display device and augmented reality glasses |
JP2020073441A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2020-05-14 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Interlayer film for glass laminate, glass laminate, and display device |
US11797087B2 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2023-10-24 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Methods and apparatus for autocalibration of a wearable electrode sensor system |
US11941176B1 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2024-03-26 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Methods and apparatus for autocalibration of a wearable electrode sensor system |
US11961494B1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2024-04-16 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Electromagnetic interference reduction in extended reality environments |
CN110315975A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-11 | 山东光韵智能科技有限公司 | A kind of easy clean power generation of automobile-used soft quality is developed compound middle control cover board and its manufacturing method |
US11907423B2 (en) | 2019-11-25 | 2024-02-20 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for contextualized interactions with an environment |
US11868531B1 (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2024-01-09 | Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc | Wearable device providing for thumb-to-finger-based input gestures detected based on neuromuscular signals, and systems and methods of use thereof |
WO2023184276A1 (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | Display method, display system and terminal device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002058402A3 (en) | 2003-03-13 |
WO2002058402A2 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
US6979499B2 (en) | 2005-12-27 |
AU2002247002A1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
US20040070551A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
US7230767B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 |
US20060066508A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20020120916A1 (en) | Head-up display system utilizing fluorescent material | |
KR101656108B1 (en) | Head-up display device | |
CA2856841C (en) | Device for viewing an image on a laminated substrate | |
US9929436B2 (en) | Display device for transparent glazing | |
KR20180053328A (en) | Light emitting glazing unit for vehicle and manufacturing thereof | |
JP2015513684A5 (en) | ||
KR101970038B1 (en) | Thermoplastic sheet for a heads-up display system | |
US11421852B2 (en) | Illuminated laminate with superior aesthetics and brightness | |
CN113966275A (en) | Composite glass pane for holographic head-up display | |
US11926122B2 (en) | Luminescent glazing | |
JP6600305B2 (en) | Glass panel for display system | |
CN117355787A (en) | Composite glass sheet for projection assembly | |
CN116547141A (en) | Composite glass pane with locally applied reflective layer |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PPG INDUSTRIES OHIO, INC., OHIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SNIDER, JR., ALBERT MONROE;REEL/FRAME:012801/0761 Effective date: 20020325 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |