US20020108009A1

US20020108009A1 - Electronic system having modular expansion function facilities

Info

Publication number: US20020108009A1
Application number: US10/036,185
Authority: US
Inventors: Michele Borgatti; Loris Navoni; Pierluigi Rolandi
Original assignee: STMicroelectronics SRL
Current assignee: STMicroelectronics SRL
Priority date: 2000-12-29
Filing date: 2001-12-28
Publication date: 2002-08-08
Also published as: US7350008B2; US20070067536A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic system with modular expansion of its functions, which is of a type including a portable host electronic device associated with an expansion module adapted for quick-connect engagement and disengagement in/from the portable device. The module includes a series of peripheral devices adapted to serve different classes of functions; a non-volatile memory storing information that pertains to configuring the different functions in the module; a re-configurable device adapted to establish connections, implement functional portions, and control all the system components; a control device adapted to cooperate with the host device in guiding the steps for re-configuring the whole system; and a software algorithm adapted to instruct the system to re-configure itself on which function and with which characteristics.

Description

FIELD OF APPLICATION

The present invention relates to an electronic system with modular expansion of its functions.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART

As is well known, the capabilities afforded by palm-top computers is a broadening field in which a fresh potential for expansion has been brought by the development of supplementary modules, with different forms and functions, which add to the basic range of functions of such computers. The modules are designed for attachment and quick connection to portable electronic devices. The following models, among others, provide examples of such modules that are available commercially: Sony Memory Stick, Multimedia Card, Handspring Springboard, etc.

A supplementary module typically constitutes an expansion board providing a single additional function. Representative of such additional functions are an expanded memory, MP3 players, digital cameras, digital recorders, and GPS sets.

Briefly, a user who wishes to use a new function of his/her choice substitutes a board associated with the palm-top computer with a new one board.

Furthermore, some peripherals resident in these expansion boards may have a range of different functions that would more conveniently be consolidated in one board. This is the case, for example, with a multi-function digital camera designed for operation as a still camera or TV camera, to recognize features and track moving objects. The addition of a microphone to such a camera would be useful to supplement the camera with a function such as digital recording, voice recognition, or vocal commanding for automatic dictation.

Thus, supplementing a portable electronic device of any type with one or more additional functions would make the device more versatile and expand its potential. Currently available functions include a diary, calculator, communication function, and event scheduling tool. The portable electronic devices may include virtually any hand-held device, such as a palm-top computer, hand-held computer, mobile phone or business planner/organizer.

For example, a palm-top computer could possibly have a multimedia function board removably inserted therein for game playing, and another board providing the function needed for operating a business application.

A nontrivial feature of these palm-top electronic devices is the user interfacing mode. For the available functions to be readily set to work by the user, it is necessary that the user be enabled to grasp the essentials for their activation without having to go through lengthy training sessions. This is because, unlike standard computers, these devices are often utilized to interact with a distracted user, as may be the case of a cellular phone being operated in a crowded railway station, or are required to respond promptly, as when vocal or written notes are to be entered. Having to allow some minutes for the system to re-initialize, as is often necessary with desk-top computers, would be undesirable in such circumstances.

In this context, to be able to call an application or to enter a sequence of data by voice messages would certainly make such palm-top devices quicker and more convenient to use.

A prior approach to providing these features is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,602,963, where a so-called personal organizer is described that can be commanded vocally.

Additionally to ease activation and control, the industry of palm-top electronic devices has pursued expansion of the functions of a generic support system that affords a number of discrete functions within a limited area. However, a user's demand is that any added functions should be readily identifiable, quick to install, and operable at will with no overlap of the support system.

An approach of this kind is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,432,938, which describes a method of automatically activating a functional expansion module by insertion into a computer unit.

The present invention is related to the above-outlined field, and primarily directed to provide a method of managing supplementary modules to a palm-top type of base device.

Another prior approach is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,029,211, wherein a computer card incorporates a number of functions such as an additional memory, a modem, and circuitry for accessing a local area network (LAN). This card can be activated by an external event suitably addressing a configuration circuit portion known as Card Information Structure (CIS). However, the card is not intended for palm-top computers, and cannot be even adapted for such use.

A further prior approach comes from U.S. Pat. No. 6,038,551, which does relate to a multi-functional card but only in connection with one class of functions, such as secured transaction encoding and decoding. This card, however, does not provide for the system wherein the combined portable electronic device and the expansion module allow a user to activate different functions.

Based upon the foregoing, there is a need for a hand-held electronic device in which a variety of functions can be easily and efficiently utilized by a user.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present invention overcome shortcomings in prior techniques and satisfies a significant need for a portable or hand-held electronic system in which the system functionality is relatively quickly re-configurable.

The embodiments of the present invention provides a modular expansion system whose modules incorporate a range of functions to be activated upon a user's request by re-configuring the system hardware. Re-configuration is achieved using software tools.

The features and advantages of the system according to embodiments of this invention will be apparent from the following detailed description, given by way of non-limitative example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing schematically the a host electronic device and an expansion module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. [0020]
FIG. 2 schematically details the construction of the expansion module of FIG. 1. [0021]
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of a system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiment set forth herein. Rather, the embodiment is provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. [0023]
With reference to the drawings, in particular to the system shown in FIG. 1, a portable host electronic device, such as a palm-top electronic device, is shown generally at [0024] 1 in schematic form.
The [0025] device 1 may be a wrist organizer, a cellular phone, or a palm-top computer, such as the “Visor” model sold by Handspring, which comes with the OS operating system installed. It is understood that device 1 may be virtually any type of portable or hand-held electronic device that may be manipulated by a user.
The [0026] device 1 includes a microprocessor or CPU 2 and a memory unit 3. These internal components of electronic device 1 may be interconnected by an internal bus 4, which may also provide connectivity to a user interface 5.
The [0027] device 1 may further include a connector 6, which is adapted for quick engagement with a mating connector 7 on an expansion module 8.
The [0028] module 8 is an expansion board adapted to expand the functions of the device 1 when connected therewith, and adapted for releasable connection to the device 1 by plugging the connectors 6 and 7 together. The module 8 may include at least a control unit 9, such as a microcontroller, and a memory unit 10. Ambient interface sensors 11 may also be provided in module 8. Components 9, 10 and 11 may be interconnected by an internal bus of the module 8 (not shown), which may be implemented by printed circuit tracks on the expansion board.
To better explain the various aspects of the present invention, the [0029] device 1 will be assumed to be a generic palm-top computer for exemplary purposes only. Module 8 will be treated as a module which adapts the device 1 for vocal command acceptation, also for exemplary purposes only. It is understood that device 1 may be other types of electronic devices and that module 8 may provide functionality other than or in addition to voice command acceptation.
In this exemplary description, the [0030] expansion module 8 includes a board 15 that may have the following components:
a series of one or [0031] more devices 16 directed to serve different classes of functions (e.g., a series of one or more sensors, signal processors, converters, etc.), hereinafter referred to as the peripherals;
a non-volatile [0032] memory 17 storing information that pertains to configuring the different functions in the board;
a [0033] re-configurable device 18, such as of the programmable or FPGA type, adapted to establish connections, implement functional portions, and control the system components;
a [0034] control device 19 adapted, in cooperation with the host device 1, to control the steps for re-configuring the whole system; and
a software algorithm adapted to instruct the system to re-configure itself with a specified function and characteristics. [0035]
The [0036] board 15 may be operated by a method that, on request by the user, allows the board to be re-configured in real time or substantially real time to produce a desired function.
Note should be made of that the board components may be fabricated in one chip, e.g. using a System-on-Chip (SoC) technology, or alternatively, be divided among a plurality of integrated circuit devices. Furthermore, it is understood that the board structure can be scaled with respect to: the number of available peripherals; the size of the re-configurable devices, which may settle or determine the number and types of functions that can be activated at any one time; and the size of the [0037] non-volatile memory 17, which may settle or determine the availability of more complex drivers.
The system, according to the exemplary embodiment of this invention, resides in part that the system does not provide a mere aggregate of wired functions from which the user is prompted to make his/her choice. Instead, the system comprises a series of peripherals and (at least one) set of re-configurable blocks which modify the system hardware to produce a desired function, irrespective of whether the desired function is pre-defined in the [0038] board 15 or is requested at run-time.
A new function provided by the system may be activated by the following sequence. Initially, assume a [0039] multi-functional board 15 is connected physically to the host device 1 using a PCMCIA connection, for example. In addition, different configurations can be activated within board 15. Images or characteristics may be stored in the system non-volatile memory 17, or alternatively can be dumped off the host device through a suitable communication channel. The operating system of the host device 1 is able, through a suitable API (Application Programming Interface), to signal requests from the current application to the board 15, and to manage the communication of data between host device 1 and board 15.
A request to activate a new function may be made by the user, or the user responds to the [0040] host device 1 changing its state. For instance, upon a new application being activated that requires a different interface, the host device 1 controls the expansion board 15 to activate that interface. The control device 19 and its driver are activated on request to match the function(s) requested. This step comprises the following sub-steps:
verifying the request, to check for correctness and consistency with the functions provided by the [0041] board 15;
selecting and activating peripherals and other affected components, and de-activating the unnecessary components to also afford energy savings; [0042]
configuring the communication buses, and resetting the [0043] board 15 to suit the functions requested;
addressing the memory space that contains the instructions to execute the drivers that pertain to the function requested; and [0044]
signaling completion of the re-configuration. [0045]
The software algorithm that is resident in the host device [0046] 1 (or if stored in a memory of the expansion board, capable of being processed by the host device 1) is activated to set the communication protocol, and signal the availability of the requested function to the current application (or directly to the user).
Consider now an [0047] expansion board 15, such as a board implemented using SoC technology, whereby the exemplary vocal command recognition or voice synthesis function can be actuated. The board 15 may include a voice synthesizing peripheral (or converter); a voice recognition peripheral (as well as a microphone sensor); a microcontroller; a volatile memory, such as a random access memory (RAM); a non-volatile memory 17, such as a flash memory; and one or more programmable devices 18, such as a FPGA device or the like. This board 15 may fit or be otherwise inserted into an electronic device 1, such as a palm-top computer. Upon insertion of board 15 into electronic device 1, the resident applications may be read and the added functions provided by board 15 may be verified to be applicable to the resident applications.
Next, the system may wait for a request to re-configure from the user or from within the system. Once the user or system request is executed, the [0048] board 15 may activate the processor 2 and re-configurable devices according to a currently activated application, thereby making the functions provided by board 15 available. According to the application, or within the application in different modules, it may happen that only the voice synthesizing function (as in the instances of an e-book or a mail reader), or only the vocal command acquiring function (as in the instance of a game), or both are requested. In the latter case, an intermediate status could be considered, e.g. with FPGAs configured for either occurrences and adapted to switch between functions on each request from the application.
If the current application is designed to use these functions provided by [0049] board 15, activation would occur substantially at once. If not, an interaction of the board 15 with the host processor 2 may be established to enable the application structures to serve as function activators. In this case, according to FIG. 3, the vocal command function could be activated by merely inserting a pertinent board 15 or module 8 into the expansion slot disposed at the top of host device 1. The board 15 itself would be able to verify through the applications where it can set its functions to work, configure the system to accept vocal commands, for example, and control the applications of device 1 consistently with the vocal commands imparted without the user having to enter any special configuration operations.
Also, it would be possible to store both the configuration and the current state, such that the system may be quickly set up at the next insertion of a [0050] board 15.
Removal and replacement of the above board with another having a different function, such as a feature recognizer, initiate a re-configuring step according to the characteristics of the [0051] new board 15.
The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims. [0052]

Claims

1. An electronic system, comprising:

a portable host device having a connector; and

an expansion module adapted for quick-connect engagement in and disengagement from the portable device via the connector, comprising:

a series of one or more peripheral devices adapted to serve different classes of functions;

a non-volatile memory for storing information that pertains to configuring the different functions in the module;

a re-configurable unit adapted to establish connections, implement functional portions, and control the system components;

a control device adapted, in cooperation with the host device, to control re-configuring operations within the system upon connection of the module with the host device; and

a software algorithm adapted to instruct the system to re-configure itself with respect to functionality.

2. A method of reconfiguring the functionality of a portable electronic device, comprising:

connecting an expansion module to the portable electronic device;

reading applications resident on the portable electronic device;

upon receiving a request to activate a new function to be provided by the portable electronic device, automatically reconfiguring the expansion module to provide the new function requested.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of automatically reconfiguring comprises verifying that the request is consistent with the functions that are capable of being provided by the expansion module.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of automatically reconfiguring comprises selecting components within the expansion module to perform the new function requested, and deselecting components within the expansion module that are not needed to perform the function requested.

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising signaling completion of the reconfiguring.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of automatically reconfiguring comprises modifying an address space in memory in the expansion module to execute drivers within the expansion module to execute the new function requested.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the re-configurable device comprises a field programmable gate array.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the re-configurable device includes programmable circuitry.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the peripheral devices include sensors.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the peripheral devices include signal processing elements.

11. An expansion module adapted for quick-connect engagement in and disengagement from a portable, electronic portable host device, comprising:

a re-configurable unit adapted to establish connections, implement functional portions, and control the components within the module;

a control device adapted, in cooperation with the host device, to control re-configuring operations upon connection of the module with the host device; and

a software algorithm adapted to instruct the host device and the module to re-configure itself with respect to functionality.