US20020025753A1 - Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process - Google Patents
Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20020025753A1 US20020025753A1 US09/982,436 US98243601A US2002025753A1 US 20020025753 A1 US20020025753 A1 US 20020025753A1 US 98243601 A US98243601 A US 98243601A US 2002025753 A1 US2002025753 A1 US 2002025753A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- basis weight
- fabric
- low basis
- precursor web
- filaments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
- Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/689—Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to nonwoven fabrics, and a method for producing such fabrics, and more particularly to a hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric exhibiting desirable softness and strength characteristics , with manufacture from a lightly bonded precursor web facilitating efficient and high-speed production.
- Nonwoven fabrics are used in a wide variety of applications where the engineered qualities of the fabric can be advantageously employed. These types of fabrics differ from traditional woven or knitted fabrics in that the fibers or filaments of the fabric are integrated into a coherent web without traditional textile processes. Entanglement of the fibrous elements of the fabric provides the fabric with the desired integrity, with the selected entanglement process permitting fabrics to be patterned to achieve desired aesthetics.
- Entanglement of these low basis weight webs at relatively high processing speeds compounds the problem of maintaining uniformity, because the impinging water jet flows and/or pressures must be relatively increased, which increases the undesirable tendency to distort the web.
- the high energy jets required by high speed entangling processes tend to drive the fibers into the drain hole openings of the foraminous surface, or into the interstitial spaces of a woven forming wire. This creates serious difficulties with web transfer.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,369,858, to Gilmore et al. discloses a process for forming apertured nonwoven fabric from melt-blown microfibers using the Evans-type technology. These types of fibers are attenuated during known melt-blowing formation techniques, whereby the fibers have relatively small diameters.
- This patent discloses the use of a belt or drum forming surface having a perforated or foraminated forming surface. Plural hydroentangling manifolds act against fibers positioned on the forming surface to displace the fibers from “knuckles” of the forming surface, and into openings or lower parts of the forming surface topography, as in Evans.
- This patent contemplates use of a polymeric net or scrim for fabric formation, and the formation of fabric having apertures therein of two different sizes, including formation of fabric from a first layer of textile fibers or polymeric filaments, and a second layer of melt-blown microfibers.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,516,572, to Roe discloses a disposable absorbent article including a liquid pervious topsheet, wherein the topsheet comprises a nonwoven fabric prepared from a homogeneous admixture of melt-blown fibers and staple length synthetic fibers.
- the patent contemplates that fabrics formed in accordance with its teachings comprise a blend including up to 50% by weight of melt-blown fibers.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,805,275, to Suzuki et al. also discloses a method for forming nonwoven fabrics by hydroentanglement.
- This patent contemplates that hydroentanglement of a fibrous web be effected on a non-three-dimensional smooth-surfaced water-impermeable endless belt, but notes that at fabric weights below 15 grams per square meter that irregularities in the fibrous web occur, and fabrics with substantial uniformity cannot be obtained.
- the present invention contemplates a process employing a hydroentangling device having a foraminous forming surface for forming relatively low basis weight nonwoven fabrics, which can be efficiently practiced for manufacture of fabrics having a high degree of uniformity.
- a hydroentangling device having a foraminous forming surface for forming relatively low basis weight nonwoven fabrics, which can be efficiently practiced for manufacture of fabrics having a high degree of uniformity.
- Such uniformity facilitates use of such fabrics in a wide variety of applications, with efficient formation facilitating economical use.
- a process of making a nonwoven fabric having a low basis weight in accordance with the principles of the present invention contemplates hydroentangling on a device having a foraminous forming surface of a precursor web comprising spunbonded continuous polymeric filaments.
- spunbonding entails extrusion or “spinning” of thermoplastic polymeric material with the resultant filaments cooled and drawn or attenuated as they are collected.
- the continuous, or essentially endless, filaments may be bonded, with the process of the subject invention contemplating that such spunbonded material be employed as the precursor web.
- a precursor web having a basis weight from about 10 to about 30 grams per square meter is employed.
- the present invention further contemplates that an image transfer device be provided, with the transfer device having a fabric-forming surface.
- hydroentanglement is effected by application of high pressure liquid streams to the web. Filaments of the web are rearranged on the fabric-forming surface of the device. The forming surface of the device, thus acts in concert with the high pressure liquid streams, to rearrange the filaments of the precursor web.
- a low basis weight web formed in accordance with the present invention comprises a web of hydroentangled polymeric filaments having a denier from 0.2 to 3.0.
- the filaments are arranged in a substantially uniform matrix.
- the characteristics of the spunbonded precursor web in particular the strength of its bonds, has a direct influence on the strength characteristics of the resultant low basis weight fabric.
- a low basis weight fabric formed in accordance with the present invention may be formed to include substantially continuous filaments (from a relatively lightly bonded spunbond precursor web), with the resulting fabric having a machine direction tensile strength of at least about 1,472 grams per centimeter at 47% machine-direction elongation.
- the degree of bonding of the precursor web is specifically selected to facilitate handling of the web, with the contemplation that higher strength fabrics can be achieved if the filaments of the precursor web are maintained in a substantially continuous form.
- the spunbond precursor web is subjected to bonding which provides no more than a minimum tensile strength which permits winding and unwinding of the precursor web.
- the minimal tensile strength of the precursor web is selected to facilitate efficient handling during manufacturing of the present low basis weight nonwoven fabric.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a hydroentangling apparatus for practicing the process of the present invention, whereby low basis weight nonwoven fabrics embodying the principles of the present invention can be formed.
- FIG. 1 therein is illustrated a hydroentangling apparatus, generally designated 10 , which can be employed for practicing the process of the present invention for manufacture of a relatively low basis weight nonwoven fabric.
- the apparatus is configured generally in accordance with the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 5,098,764, to Drelich et al., hereby incorporated by reference.
- the apparatus 10 includes an entangling drum 12 which comprises a hydroentangling device having a foraminous forming surface upon which hydroentangling of a precursor web is effected for formation of the present nonwoven fabric.
- a standard 23-mesh bronze wire screen is employed for the forming surface of entangling drum 12 .
- a plurality of hydroentangling manifolds act sequentially upon a precursor web P trained about entangling drum 12 .
- the precursor web P may be formed in-line with the entanglement apparatus, as generally illustrated in phantom line, or may be provided in the form of rolls of material fed into the entangling apparatus for processing.
- precursor webs including fibrous and continuous filament webs
- spunbonded continuous filament webs comprising polymeric filaments, preferably polyester (polyethylene terephthalate).
- Filament denier is preferably 0.2 to 3.0, with 1.5 denier filaments being particularly preferred.
- the precursor web preferably has a basis weight from about 10 to 30 grams per square meter, more preferably from about 15 to 20 grams per square meter.
- Use of continuous filament precursor webs is presently preferred because the filaments are essentially endless, and thus facilitate use of relatively high energy input during entanglement without undesirably driving filaments into the image transfer device, as can occur with staple length fibers or the like.
- the preferred use of filamentary precursor webs permits the filament to be subjected to elevated hydraulic energy levels without undesirable fouling of the forming surface. Thus, fabrics are formed without substantially altering the basis weight of the precursor webs.
- a particular benefit of finished fabrics formed in accordance with the present invention is uniformity of patterning. Fiber movement from the water jets from the hydroentangling manifolds is controlled by the shape and depth of the forming surface and drainage design. The use of higher pressures and flows is desirably achieved, thus permitting processing of webs at high speeds and low basis weights. Finished products in the 10 to 30 grams per square meter range are produced at operating speeds up to hundreds of feet per minute.
- a lightly bonded precursor web may be produced on a commercial spunbond production line using standard processing conditions, except thermal point bonding calender temperatures are reduced, and may be at ambient temperature (sometimes referred to as cold calendering).
- thermal point bonding calender is set at a temperature of 200 to 210 degrees C. to produce the bonded finished product.
- the calender temperature is reduced to 160 degrees C.
- the common thermal point calender conditions are 300 degrees F., and 320 pounds per linear inch (PLI) nip pressure. For a lightly bonded polypropylene precursor web to be entangled and imaged, these conditions are reduced to 100 degrees F. and 100 PLI.
- a relatively lightly bonded spunbond polyester precursor web was employed having a basis weight of 28 grams per square meter, with 1.8 denier filaments.
- the precursor was lightly bonded as described above.
- the precursor web was entangled at 80 feet per minute, with successive manifold pressures of 700, 4,000, and 4,000 psi.
- a standard 23-mesh bronze wire forming surface was employed. Energy input was 3.2 horsepower-hour per pound.
- the resultant fabric exhibited a basis weight of 32.4 grams per square meter, a bulk of 0.470 millimeter, a cross-direction strip tensile strength of 327 grams per centimeter, at a cross-direction elongation of 72%, and a machine direction strip tensile strength of 1,472 grams per centimeter at a machine direction elongation of 47%.
- Example 1 exhibited relatively high tensile strength characteristics. It has been observed that this is a result of the degree of bonding of the precursor web for the various examples.
- a relatively lightly bonded precursor web was employed and it is believed that when this type of web is subjected to hydroentanglement, there is a breakage or disruption of the bonds without significant breakage of the polymeric filaments of the precursor web.
- precursor webs which were used during development which were relatively well-bonded exhibited less strength. It is believed that during hydroentanglement, disruption and breakage of the filament bonds resulted in a relatively higher degree of filament breakage.
- Fabrics formed in accordance with the present invention are desirably lightweight, exhibiting desirable softness and bulk characteristics. Fabrics produced in accordance with the present invention are useful for nonwoven disposable products such as diaper facing layers, with the present fabrics exhibiting improved softness compared to typical spunbonded materials.
- the present fabrics are preferable to thermally bonded lightweight webs, which tend to be undesirably stiff. It is believed that fabrics in accordance with the present invention can be readily employed in place of traditional point bonded and latex bonded nonwoven fabrics, dependent upon basis weight and performance requirements.
- the precursor web used in the above Example which was characterized as lightly bonded were formed as specified, whereby the precursor web was bonded to exhibit no more than a minimal tensile strength which permits winding and unwinding of the web. If hydroentanglement is effected in-line with production of a spunbond precursor web, the precursor web may be lightly bonded a sufficient degree as to permit efficient movement of the precursor web into the hydroentangling apparatus.
- the fabric being formed may be subjected to dewatering, as generally illustrated at 20 , with chemical application (if any) and typical drying of the fabric thereafter effected.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates generally to nonwoven fabrics, and a method for producing such fabrics, and more particularly to a hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric exhibiting desirable softness and strength characteristics , with manufacture from a lightly bonded precursor web facilitating efficient and high-speed production.
- Nonwoven fabrics are used in a wide variety of applications where the engineered qualities of the fabric can be advantageously employed. These types of fabrics differ from traditional woven or knitted fabrics in that the fibers or filaments of the fabric are integrated into a coherent web without traditional textile processes. Entanglement of the fibrous elements of the fabric provides the fabric with the desired integrity, with the selected entanglement process permitting fabrics to be patterned to achieve desired aesthetics.
- Various prior art patents disclose techniques for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics by hydroentangling processes. U.S. Pat. No. 3,485,706, to Evans, hereby incorporated by reference, discloses a hydroentanglement process for manufacture of nonwoven fabrics. Hydroentanglement entails the application of high-pressure water jets to webs of fibers or filaments, whereby the fibers or filaments are rearranged under the influence of water impingement. The web is typically positioned on a foraminous forming surface as it is subjected to impingement by the water jets, whereby the fibers or filaments of the web become entangled, thus creating a fabric with coherency and integrity, while the specific features of the forming surface act to create the desired pattern in the nonwoven fabric. However, there is no teaching or suggestion in Evans '706 to form a fabric upon a three-dimensional forming surface.
- Heretofore, typical hydroentanglement of relatively low basis weight fabrics with the Evans-type technology has been problematic. At low basis weights (on the order of less than 30 grams per square meter), there are a relatively low number of fibers or filaments present for entangling, thus making entanglement relatively inefficient. Entanglement of these light basis weight webs on traditional forming surfaces taught by Evans and its progeny tends to “wash” the low fiber content webs, rearranging the fibers in a fashion which undesirably results in a non-uniform product. Entanglement of these low basis weight webs at relatively high processing speeds compounds the problem of maintaining uniformity, because the impinging water jet flows and/or pressures must be relatively increased, which increases the undesirable tendency to distort the web. Further, the high energy jets required by high speed entangling processes tend to drive the fibers into the drain hole openings of the foraminous surface, or into the interstitial spaces of a woven forming wire. This creates serious difficulties with web transfer.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,369,858, to Gilmore et al., discloses a process for forming apertured nonwoven fabric from melt-blown microfibers using the Evans-type technology. These types of fibers are attenuated during known melt-blowing formation techniques, whereby the fibers have relatively small diameters. This patent discloses the use of a belt or drum forming surface having a perforated or foraminated forming surface. Plural hydroentangling manifolds act against fibers positioned on the forming surface to displace the fibers from “knuckles” of the forming surface, and into openings or lower parts of the forming surface topography, as in Evans. This patent contemplates use of a polymeric net or scrim for fabric formation, and the formation of fabric having apertures therein of two different sizes, including formation of fabric from a first layer of textile fibers or polymeric filaments, and a second layer of melt-blown microfibers.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,516,572, to Roe, discloses a disposable absorbent article including a liquid pervious topsheet, wherein the topsheet comprises a nonwoven fabric prepared from a homogeneous admixture of melt-blown fibers and staple length synthetic fibers. The patent contemplates that fabrics formed in accordance with its teachings comprise a blend including up to 50% by weight of melt-blown fibers.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,805,275, to Suzuki et al., also discloses a method for forming nonwoven fabrics by hydroentanglement. This patent contemplates that hydroentanglement of a fibrous web be effected on a non-three-dimensional smooth-surfaced water-impermeable endless belt, but notes that at fabric weights below 15 grams per square meter that irregularities in the fibrous web occur, and fabrics with substantial uniformity cannot be obtained.
- In contrast to the above-referenced patents, the present invention contemplates a process employing a hydroentangling device having a foraminous forming surface for forming relatively low basis weight nonwoven fabrics, which can be efficiently practiced for manufacture of fabrics having a high degree of uniformity. Such uniformity facilitates use of such fabrics in a wide variety of applications, with efficient formation facilitating economical use.
- A process of making a nonwoven fabric having a low basis weight in accordance with the principles of the present invention contemplates hydroentangling on a device having a foraminous forming surface of a precursor web comprising spunbonded continuous polymeric filaments. As is known in the art, spunbonding entails extrusion or “spinning” of thermoplastic polymeric material with the resultant filaments cooled and drawn or attenuated as they are collected. The continuous, or essentially endless, filaments may be bonded, with the process of the subject invention contemplating that such spunbonded material be employed as the precursor web.
- To form relatively low basis weight fabrics, a precursor web having a basis weight from about 10 to about 30 grams per square meter is employed. The present invention further contemplates that an image transfer device be provided, with the transfer device having a fabric-forming surface.
- With the precursor web positioned on the hydroentangling device, hydroentanglement is effected by application of high pressure liquid streams to the web. Filaments of the web are rearranged on the fabric-forming surface of the device. The forming surface of the device, thus acts in concert with the high pressure liquid streams, to rearrange the filaments of the precursor web.
- A low basis weight web formed in accordance with the present invention comprises a web of hydroentangled polymeric filaments having a denier from 0.2 to 3.0. The filaments are arranged in a substantially uniform matrix.
- Notably, the characteristics of the spunbonded precursor web, in particular the strength of its bonds, has a direct influence on the strength characteristics of the resultant low basis weight fabric. Development has shown that if the spunbound precursor web is only relatively lightly bonded, hydroentanglement acts to break or disrupt the bonds without substantially breaking the continuous filaments from which the spunbond precursor web is formed. As a consequence, a low basis weight fabric formed in accordance with the present invention may be formed to include substantially continuous filaments (from a relatively lightly bonded spunbond precursor web), with the resulting fabric having a machine direction tensile strength of at least about 1,472 grams per centimeter at 47% machine-direction elongation. The degree of bonding of the precursor web is specifically selected to facilitate handling of the web, with the contemplation that higher strength fabrics can be achieved if the filaments of the precursor web are maintained in a substantially continuous form. In accordance with the present invention, it is contemplated that the spunbond precursor web is subjected to bonding which provides no more than a minimum tensile strength which permits winding and unwinding of the precursor web. Thus, the minimal tensile strength of the precursor web is selected to facilitate efficient handling during manufacturing of the present low basis weight nonwoven fabric.
- Other features and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a hydroentangling apparatus for practicing the process of the present invention, whereby low basis weight nonwoven fabrics embodying the principles of the present invention can be formed.
- While the present invention is susceptible of embodiment in various forms, there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be described a presently preferred embodiments, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiment illustrated.
- With reference to FIG. 1, therein is illustrated a hydroentangling apparatus, generally designated10, which can be employed for practicing the process of the present invention for manufacture of a relatively low basis weight nonwoven fabric. The apparatus is configured generally in accordance with the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 5,098,764, to Drelich et al., hereby incorporated by reference. The
apparatus 10 includes anentangling drum 12 which comprises a hydroentangling device having a foraminous forming surface upon which hydroentangling of a precursor web is effected for formation of the present nonwoven fabric. - In the presently preferred practice of the present invention, a standard 23-mesh bronze wire screen is employed for the forming surface of
entangling drum 12. - In the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1, a plurality of hydroentangling manifolds, designated14, 16, and 18, act sequentially upon a precursor web P trained about
entangling drum 12. The precursor web P may be formed in-line with the entanglement apparatus, as generally illustrated in phantom line, or may be provided in the form of rolls of material fed into the entangling apparatus for processing. - While it is within the purview of the present invention to employ various types of precursor webs, including fibrous and continuous filament webs, it is presently preferred to employ spunbonded continuous filament webs comprising polymeric filaments, preferably polyester (polyethylene terephthalate). Filament denier is preferably 0.2 to 3.0, with 1.5 denier filaments being particularly preferred. The precursor web preferably has a basis weight from about 10 to 30 grams per square meter, more preferably from about 15 to 20 grams per square meter. Use of continuous filament precursor webs is presently preferred because the filaments are essentially endless, and thus facilitate use of relatively high energy input during entanglement without undesirably driving filaments into the image transfer device, as can occur with staple length fibers or the like. The preferred use of filamentary precursor webs permits the filament to be subjected to elevated hydraulic energy levels without undesirable fouling of the forming surface. Thus, fabrics are formed without substantially altering the basis weight of the precursor webs.
- A particular benefit of finished fabrics formed in accordance with the present invention is uniformity of patterning. Fiber movement from the water jets from the hydroentangling manifolds is controlled by the shape and depth of the forming surface and drainage design. The use of higher pressures and flows is desirably achieved, thus permitting processing of webs at high speeds and low basis weights. Finished products in the 10 to 30 grams per square meter range are produced at operating speeds up to hundreds of feet per minute.
- The following is an example of a low basis weight nonwoven fabric formed in accordance with the present invention. Reference to manifold pressures is in connection with water pressure, in pounds per square inch (psi), in the
successive hydroentangling manifolds - A lightly bonded precursor web, as referenced below, may be produced on a commercial spunbond production line using standard processing conditions, except thermal point bonding calender temperatures are reduced, and may be at ambient temperature (sometimes referred to as cold calendering). For example, during production of standard polyester spunbond, the thermal point bonding calender is set at a temperature of 200 to 210 degrees C. to produce the bonded finished product. In contrast, to prepare a similar precursor web for subsequent entangling and imaging, the calender temperature is reduced to 160 degrees C. Similarly, during production of standard polypropylene spunbond products, the common thermal point calender conditions are 300 degrees F., and 320 pounds per linear inch (PLI) nip pressure. For a lightly bonded polypropylene precursor web to be entangled and imaged, these conditions are reduced to 100 degrees F. and 100 PLI.
- A relatively lightly bonded spunbond polyester precursor web was employed having a basis weight of 28 grams per square meter, with 1.8 denier filaments. The precursor was lightly bonded as described above. The precursor web was entangled at 80 feet per minute, with successive manifold pressures of 700, 4,000, and 4,000 psi. A standard 23-mesh bronze wire forming surface was employed. Energy input was 3.2 horsepower-hour per pound. The resultant fabric exhibited a basis weight of 32.4 grams per square meter, a bulk of 0.470 millimeter, a cross-direction strip tensile strength of 327 grams per centimeter, at a cross-direction elongation of 72%, and a machine direction strip tensile strength of 1,472 grams per centimeter at a machine direction elongation of 47%.
- It will be noted from the above that Example 1 exhibited relatively high tensile strength characteristics. It has been observed that this is a result of the degree of bonding of the precursor web for the various examples. In Example 1, a relatively lightly bonded precursor web was employed and it is believed that when this type of web is subjected to hydroentanglement, there is a breakage or disruption of the bonds without significant breakage of the polymeric filaments of the precursor web. In contrast, precursor webs which were used during development which were relatively well-bonded, exhibited less strength. It is believed that during hydroentanglement, disruption and breakage of the filament bonds resulted in a relatively higher degree of filament breakage.
- Fabrics formed in accordance with the present invention are desirably lightweight, exhibiting desirable softness and bulk characteristics. Fabrics produced in accordance with the present invention are useful for nonwoven disposable products such as diaper facing layers, with the present fabrics exhibiting improved softness compared to typical spunbonded materials. The present fabrics are preferable to thermally bonded lightweight webs, which tend to be undesirably stiff. It is believed that fabrics in accordance with the present invention can be readily employed in place of traditional point bonded and latex bonded nonwoven fabrics, dependent upon basis weight and performance requirements.
- The precursor web used in the above Example which was characterized as lightly bonded were formed as specified, whereby the precursor web was bonded to exhibit no more than a minimal tensile strength which permits winding and unwinding of the web. If hydroentanglement is effected in-line with production of a spunbond precursor web, the precursor web may be lightly bonded a sufficient degree as to permit efficient movement of the precursor web into the hydroentangling apparatus.
- As illustrated in FIG. 1, subsequent to hydroentanglement, the fabric being formed may be subjected to dewatering, as generally illustrated at20, with chemical application (if any) and typical drying of the fabric thereafter effected.
- From the foregoing, it will be observed that numerous modifications and variations can be effected without departing from the true spirit and scope of the novel concept of the present invention. It is to be understood that no limitation with respect to the specific embodiment illustrated herein is intended or should be inferred. The disclosure is intended to cover, by the appended claims, all such modifications as fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/982,436 US20020025753A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-10-18 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/476,313 US6321425B1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same |
PCT/US2001/001167 WO2002055781A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-01-12 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same |
US09/982,436 US20020025753A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-10-18 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/476,313 Division US6321425B1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20020025753A1 true US20020025753A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
Family
ID=26680400
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/476,313 Expired - Lifetime US6321425B1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same |
US09/982,436 Abandoned US20020025753A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2001-10-18 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/476,313 Expired - Lifetime US6321425B1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 1999-12-30 | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6321425B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1303660B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002055781A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030211801A1 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2003-11-13 | Michael Putnam | Hydroentangled continuous filament nonwoven fabric and the articles thereof |
US20050113277A1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2005-05-26 | Sherry Alan E. | Hard surface cleaning compositions and wipes |
US6903034B1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2005-06-07 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Hydroentanglement of continuous polymer filaments |
US20050133174A1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2005-06-23 | Gorley Ronald T. | 100% synthetic nonwoven wipes |
US20060069380A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-03-30 | Fung-Jou Chen | Foam-based fasteners |
US20070099531A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-03 | Efremova Nadezhda V | Foam fastening system that includes a surface modifier |
US20070098953A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-03 | Stabelfeldt Sara J | Fastening systems utilizing combinations of mechanical fasteners and foams |
US20100159770A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-24 | Susan Kathleen Walser | Nonwoven web and filter media containing partially split multicomponent fibers |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE338580T1 (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2006-09-15 | Polymer Group Inc | WATERJET TURBLED FILTER MEDIA AND METHODS |
FR2827313B1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2004-03-12 | Rieter Perfojet | NONWOVEN COMPRISING A CONTINUOUS FILAMENT TABLECLOTH, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF AND APPLICATION THEREOF AS WIPING RAG |
FR2838457B1 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2004-08-27 | Rieter Perfojet | DRUM FOR INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCING A NON-WOVEN TABLECLOTH, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A NON-WOVEN TABLECLOTH, AND NON-WOVEN TABLECLOTH OBTAINED |
AU2003230277A1 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2003-11-11 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Nonwoven fabrics having intercalated three-dimensional images |
US20040010894A1 (en) * | 2002-07-17 | 2004-01-22 | Avgol Ltd. | Method for making a hydroentangled nonwoven fabric and the fabric made thereby |
JP4460459B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2010-05-12 | アルバニー インターナショナル コーポレイション | Hydroentanglement method using fabric made of flat filaments |
US20040121683A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Joy Jordan | Composite elastic material |
CA2515998A1 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-09-02 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Hydroentangled liquid filter media and method of manifacture |
WO2004092471A2 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-10-28 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Hydroentangled continuous filament nonwoven fabric and the articles thereof |
US20050020173A1 (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-01-27 | Avgol Ltd. | Process of producing windable spunlaid materials and products therefrom |
EP1682711A2 (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2006-07-26 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Laminated knitted net and method for making the same |
FR2861751B1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-01-06 | Rieter Perfojet | MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MULTIPLE QUALITY NUTS. |
US7858544B2 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2010-12-28 | First Quality Nonwovens, Inc. | Hydroengorged spunmelt nonwovens |
DE102004049146A1 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-13 | Fleissner Gmbh | Wasservernadelungsvorrichtung |
US20060084344A1 (en) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-04-20 | Avgol Nonwovens Ltd. | Nonwoven web material with spunbond layer having absorbency and softness |
CN101166857B (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2011-12-14 | 阿斯特罗姆公司 | Process for producing nonwoven fabrics particularly soft, resistant and with a valuable appearance |
EP2010703B1 (en) | 2006-04-10 | 2013-01-23 | First Quality Nonwovens, Inc. | Cotendered nonwoven/pulp composite fabric and method for making the same. |
ES2342736T3 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2010-07-13 | Rkw Se | CONTINUOUS BAND OF MATERIAL, TRANSVERSALLY ELASTIC, MULTIPLE LAYERS, PRODUCED BY MEANS OF USING VELO MATERIALS. |
EP2116645B1 (en) | 2008-04-25 | 2011-10-19 | BC Nonwovens, S.L. | Method of manufacturing non-woven fabrics |
US20100159775A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | Chambers Jr Leon Eugene | Nonwoven Composite And Method For Making The Same |
JP5701988B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2015-04-15 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブルカンパニー | Absorbent article having improved flexibility signal, component thereof, and manufacturing method |
US10639212B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2020-05-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article and components thereof having improved softness signals, and methods for manufacturing |
PL2505707T3 (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2013-12-31 | Rkw Se | The use of hydroentangled non-woven fabrics as hook-and-loop component |
WO2014210404A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Nonwoven web with improved cut edge quality, and process for imparting |
KR101682869B1 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2016-12-05 | 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. | Absorbent article containing a soft and durable backsheet |
BR112016011370B1 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2022-02-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc | NON-WOVEN COMPOSITE, MULTI-LAYER LAMINATED, AND ABSORBENT ARTICLE |
US11242711B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2022-02-08 | Hunter Douglas Inc. | Fabric having a backing material for a covering for an architectural opening |
US9856589B1 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2018-01-02 | Tredegar Film Products Corporation | Hydroformed expanded spun bonded nonwoven web and method for making same |
CA3108036A1 (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Air-filter media comprising a relofted spunbonded web, and methods of making and using |
AU2019100909A6 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-10-17 | Avgol Ltd. | Dead sea mineral based implementation in high performance nonwoven fabrics |
CN110607609B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-08-07 | 射阳县宏瑞纺织机械制造有限公司 | Spunlace machine suitable for pure chitosan fiber spunlace production line |
Citations (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3485706A (en) * | 1968-01-18 | 1969-12-23 | Du Pont | Textile-like patterned nonwoven fabrics and their production |
US4024612A (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1977-05-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making an apertured nonwoven fabric |
US4774110A (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1988-09-27 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Non-woven fabric and method for producing same |
US4775579A (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1988-10-04 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Hydroentangled elastic and nonelastic filaments |
US4805275A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1989-02-21 | Uni-Charm Corporation | Method of producing nonwoven fabrics |
US4808467A (en) * | 1987-09-15 | 1989-02-28 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | High strength hydroentangled nonwoven fabric |
US4892534A (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1990-01-09 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Nonwoven web useful as a bodyside liner for an absorption article |
US4939016A (en) * | 1988-03-18 | 1990-07-03 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Hydraulically entangled nonwoven elastomeric web and method of forming the same |
US5023130A (en) * | 1990-08-14 | 1991-06-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydroentangled polyolefin web |
US5098764A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1992-03-24 | Chicopee | Non-woven fabric and method and apparatus for making the same |
US5114787A (en) * | 1990-09-21 | 1992-05-19 | Amoco Corporation | Multi-layer nonwoven web composites and process |
US5144729A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1992-09-08 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Wiping fabric and method of manufacture |
US5151320A (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1992-09-29 | The Dexter Corporation | Hydroentangled spunbonded composite fabric and process |
US5169706A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1992-12-08 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Low stress relaxation composite elastic material |
US5369858A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1994-12-06 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Process for forming apertured nonwoven fabric prepared from melt blown microfibers |
US5516572A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1996-05-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low rewet topsheet and disposable absorbent article |
US5573841A (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 1996-11-12 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Hydraulically entangled, autogenous-bonding, nonwoven composite fabric |
US5707468A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1998-01-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Compaction-free method of increasing the integrity of a nonwoven web |
US5759929A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1998-06-02 | New Oji Paper Co., Ltd. | Bio-degradable composite nonwoven fabric for plant cultivation |
US5822833A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1998-10-20 | Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. | Apparatus for making nonwoven fabrics having raised portions |
US5839448A (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 1998-11-24 | Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited | Absorbent articles |
US6063717A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 2000-05-16 | Nippon Petrochemicals Company Ltd. | Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric and method of producing the same |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1950669C3 (en) * | 1969-10-08 | 1982-05-13 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Process for the manufacture of nonwovens |
US4340563A (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1982-07-20 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Method for forming nonwoven webs |
FR2637163B1 (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1992-09-18 | Inst Textile De France | MICROFILAMENT-BASED THERMAL-ADHESIVE COVER |
DE19739049A1 (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-11 | Fleissner Maschf Gmbh Co | Process for producing a hydrodynamically strengthened nonwoven, nonwoven after this production and carrier fleece after this production |
-
1999
- 1999-12-30 US US09/476,313 patent/US6321425B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-01-12 WO PCT/US2001/001167 patent/WO2002055781A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-01-12 EP EP01273235A patent/EP1303660B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-18 US US09/982,436 patent/US20020025753A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3485706A (en) * | 1968-01-18 | 1969-12-23 | Du Pont | Textile-like patterned nonwoven fabrics and their production |
US4024612A (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1977-05-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making an apertured nonwoven fabric |
US4805275A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1989-02-21 | Uni-Charm Corporation | Method of producing nonwoven fabrics |
US4774110A (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1988-09-27 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Non-woven fabric and method for producing same |
US4808467A (en) * | 1987-09-15 | 1989-02-28 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | High strength hydroentangled nonwoven fabric |
US4775579A (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1988-10-04 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Hydroentangled elastic and nonelastic filaments |
US4939016A (en) * | 1988-03-18 | 1990-07-03 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Hydraulically entangled nonwoven elastomeric web and method of forming the same |
US4892534A (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1990-01-09 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Nonwoven web useful as a bodyside liner for an absorption article |
US5369858A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1994-12-06 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Process for forming apertured nonwoven fabric prepared from melt blown microfibers |
US5144729A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1992-09-08 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Wiping fabric and method of manufacture |
US5169706A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1992-12-08 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Low stress relaxation composite elastic material |
US5098764A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1992-03-24 | Chicopee | Non-woven fabric and method and apparatus for making the same |
US5023130A (en) * | 1990-08-14 | 1991-06-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydroentangled polyolefin web |
US5114787A (en) * | 1990-09-21 | 1992-05-19 | Amoco Corporation | Multi-layer nonwoven web composites and process |
US5151320A (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1992-09-29 | The Dexter Corporation | Hydroentangled spunbonded composite fabric and process |
US5516572A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1996-05-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low rewet topsheet and disposable absorbent article |
US5573841A (en) * | 1994-04-04 | 1996-11-12 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Hydraulically entangled, autogenous-bonding, nonwoven composite fabric |
US5839448A (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 1998-11-24 | Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited | Absorbent articles |
US5822833A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1998-10-20 | Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. | Apparatus for making nonwoven fabrics having raised portions |
US5707468A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1998-01-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Compaction-free method of increasing the integrity of a nonwoven web |
US5759929A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1998-06-02 | New Oji Paper Co., Ltd. | Bio-degradable composite nonwoven fabric for plant cultivation |
US6063717A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 2000-05-16 | Nippon Petrochemicals Company Ltd. | Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric and method of producing the same |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6903034B1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2005-06-07 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Hydroentanglement of continuous polymer filaments |
US7091140B1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2006-08-15 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Hydroentanglement of continuous polymer filaments |
US20050113277A1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2005-05-26 | Sherry Alan E. | Hard surface cleaning compositions and wipes |
US20050133174A1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2005-06-23 | Gorley Ronald T. | 100% synthetic nonwoven wipes |
US20030211801A1 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2003-11-13 | Michael Putnam | Hydroentangled continuous filament nonwoven fabric and the articles thereof |
US20060128249A1 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2006-06-15 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Hydroentangled continuous filament nonwoven fabric and the articles thereof |
US20060069380A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-03-30 | Fung-Jou Chen | Foam-based fasteners |
US20070099531A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-03 | Efremova Nadezhda V | Foam fastening system that includes a surface modifier |
US20070098953A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-03 | Stabelfeldt Sara J | Fastening systems utilizing combinations of mechanical fasteners and foams |
US20100159770A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-24 | Susan Kathleen Walser | Nonwoven web and filter media containing partially split multicomponent fibers |
US8021996B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2011-09-20 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Nonwoven web and filter media containing partially split multicomponent fibers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002055781A1 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
EP1303660A1 (en) | 2003-04-23 |
US6321425B1 (en) | 2001-11-27 |
EP1303660A4 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
EP1303660B1 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6321425B1 (en) | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same | |
US6430788B1 (en) | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same | |
US6903034B1 (en) | Hydroentanglement of continuous polymer filaments | |
EP0315507B1 (en) | Nonwoven fabric of hydroentangled elastic and nonelastic filaments | |
US4931355A (en) | Nonwoven fibrous hydraulically entangled non-elastic coform material and method of formation thereof | |
US5369858A (en) | Process for forming apertured nonwoven fabric prepared from melt blown microfibers | |
US4950531A (en) | Nonwoven hydraulically entangled non-elastic web and method of formation thereof | |
EP0556267B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for hydroenhancing fabric | |
US5115544A (en) | Non-wovens manufacturing process | |
US6739023B2 (en) | Method of forming a nonwoven composite fabric and fabric produced thereof | |
US6692541B2 (en) | Method of making nonwoven fabric comprising splittable fibers | |
EP0333210A2 (en) | Bonded nonwoven material, method and apparatus for producing the same | |
US6735833B2 (en) | Nonwoven fabrics having a durable three-dimensional image | |
US6629340B1 (en) | Acoustic underlayment for pre-finished laminate floor system | |
JP2009503277A (en) | Improvement of nonwoven fabric in intelligent nip | |
EP1360357B1 (en) | Hydroentanglement of continuous polymer filaments | |
AU2001229480A1 (en) | Hydroentanglement of continuous polymer filaments | |
CA2399962C (en) | Hydroentangled, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same | |
WO2002055780A1 (en) | Hydroentangles, low basis weight nonwoven fabric and process for making same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NEW YORK Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:POLYMER GROUP, INC.;REEL/FRAME:014192/0001 Effective date: 20030305 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: POLYMER GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:015380/0798 Effective date: 20040427 Owner name: FIBERTECH GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT;REEL/FRAME:015380/0798 Effective date: 20040427 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC. AS FIRST LIEN COLLATE Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:CHICOPEE, INC.;FIBERTECH GROUP, INC;POLY-BOND, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015732/0080 Effective date: 20040805 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERA Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:CHICOPEE, INC.;FIBERTECH GROUP, INC.;POLY-BOND, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:015778/0311 Effective date: 20040805 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BONLAM (S.C.), INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PGI POLYMER, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FABRENE GROUP L.L.C., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: POLYLONIX SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC., SOUTH CAR Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: POLYMER GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: CHICOPEE, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: POLY-BOND INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FIBERGOL CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PRISTINE BRANDS CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: DOMINION TEXTILE (USA) INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PNA CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FIBERTECH GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: BONLAM (S.C.), INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FNA ACQUISITION, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: LORETEX CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PGI EUROPE, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: POLY-BOND INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: POLYLONIX SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC., SOUTH CAR Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: POLYMER GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FABPRO ORIENTED POLYMERS, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: TECHNETICS GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FNA POLYMER CORP., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FABPRO ORIENTED POLYMERS, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PGI POLYMER, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PRISTINE BRANDS CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FNA ACQUISITION, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: TECHNETICS GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: DOMINION TEXTILE (USA) INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PNA CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: PGI EUROPE, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FNA POLYMER CORP., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: LORETEX CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FABRENE GROUP L.L.C., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FIBERGOL CORPORATION, SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS COLLATERAL AGENT, Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:POLYMER GROUP, INC.;CHICOPEE, INC.;FIBERTECH GROUP, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:016851/0624 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: CHICOPEE, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FIBERTECH GROUP, INC., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FABRENE CORP., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, AS SECOND LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0471 Effective date: 20051122 Owner name: FABRENE CORP., SOUTH CAROLINA Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., AS FIRST LIEN COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:016851/0436 Effective date: 20051122 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |