US1980270A - Process for manufacturing hollow building plates from ceramic material - Google Patents

Description

H. HARKORT Nov. 13, 1934.

EROQESS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW BUILDING PLATES FROM CERAMIC MATERIAL Filed Nov. 14, 1932 In venror;

m/(off 1 WWW 9? Patented Nov. 13, 1934 PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW BUILDING PLATES FROM/I CERAMIC MA- I TERKAL Hermann Harkort, Berlin-Tegel, Germany Application November 14, 1932, Serial No. 642,623 In Germany June 27, 1931 1 Claim.

My present invention relates to a process for manufacturing building parts, in particular plates of ceramic material for inside and outside lining, as iiooring, as protecting layer and such like pur- POSGS.

In order to meet the change of shape, so called shrinkage, during the drying and burning process the plates with reinforcing ribs on the rear side are manufactured as so called splitting plates by means of a suitable extrusion press provided with a mou hpiece, i. e. double-strong plates with inner hollow spaces shaped in one line side by side. After the burning of the double plate the intermediate walls of the hollow spaces are separated, so that two uniformly shaped plates are formed which carry ribs on the one side.

According to my invention the manufacturing proceeds without extrusion presses in such a manner, that in the principal periods of the manufac 3 Luring, i. e. during the drying and burning process,

ing, usual pressing or casting, such as hollow bricks, i. e. the inner spaces are shaped in manufacturing double plates by means of cores which are removed afterwards.

The annexed drawing shows in Fig. 1 the plaster mold in which the ceramic material is shaped,

ig. 2 the splitting plate after being taken out of the mold,

Fig. 3 said plate after the cores being taken out,

Fig. 4 a single plate obtained by splitting the hollow plate after the burning process,

Fig. 5 an inflammable case provided to receive a core member.

In executing my invention by way of shaping the process is as follows: Double plates 1) with hollow spaces passing throughout and splittable intermediate walls (1 are shaped in plaster molds a. The hollow spaces are shaped in such a manner, that flat-shaped cores 6 are molded within, which are supported on both their ends in cavities and drawn out at a certain state of the drying process.

In order to obtain the hollow spaces it may be suitable to use elastic or shrinking cores which may be taken out of the drying or dried hollow 1 out.

plate in a pressed condition or owing to their own shrinkage. Further cores may be used, which are consumed during the burning process of the ceramic material. Also fire-proof cores surrounded with an inflammable case may be used in such a manner that the core pieces are removed during the drying process and the cases are destroyed by the burning process of the hollow body in the ceramic furnace.

The plate b provided with hollow spaces (Fig. 3) after the cores being taken out is burnt in the ceramic furnace and then separated by splitting the intermediate walls d in two uniformly shaped plates 9/ (Fig. 4). Said plates carry on the one side ribs h which are shaped by the separated intermediate walls cl.

In order to facilitate the splitting the intermediate walls are already slightly slotted when the hollow plates b are shaped. For this purpose mandrels i are arranged on the one end at both sides of the cores c, said mandrels produce the slots is into the walls d when the cores e are drawn If split or two-parted hollow bodies of sheet iron as cores are used, they are provided at both sides with thin longitudinal edges which penetrate into the intermediate walls d, when the sheet iron parts are forced apart under the pressure of the drying material, whereby the small slots are produced. In using fire proof cores surrounded with an inflammable case m (Fig. l.

5) the same is provided with projecting longitudinal edges 1 so as to produce the small slots into the intermediate walls.

Instead of molding the plates according to the present invention they may be manufactured in such a manner, that the cores destined for the shaping of the hollow plates are surrounded with the ceramic material by pressing or casting the latter.

My invention enables also the manufacturing of plate-shaped bodies which have two or more lines of hollow spaces arranged in layers above each other and after being split three or more single plates are produced in such a manner,

that the plates taken from the outside carry ribs on one side and the remaining inner plate shows ribs on both sides. For the forming or shaping of the hollow spaces my invention allows the largest scope, specially in using inflammable cores. So it is possible to shape two rectangular intersecting lines of parallel hollow spaces with the result, that after splitting instead of ribs only rectangular projections on the single plates are formed. Also a single hollow space passing throughout the double plate may be arranged by I forming a plate of card-board or such like within the mold in such a manner, that only two parallel walls on both sides of the double plate remain and consequently the single plates obtained by splitting show only two lateral ribs.

What I claim is:

A method of making plates of plastic ceramic material, consisting in packing the material in a mold around a plurality of cores spaced apart and extending through the recess of the mold to separate the interior of the packed material into strips integral with the mass of the material constituting the sides of the block, drying the packed ribs extending along one of its faces and the other face having a smooth surface.

HERMANN HARKORT.

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