US1979951A - Sash - Google Patents

Description

NW6, 1934. C. ELYQN f 1,979,951

SASH

Filed May 9. 1.932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. l.

/\ 3? /5/(3 f5l di NOV- '5, 1934- c. E. LYON 1,979,951

sAsH

Filed May 9, 1932 2 sheets-sheet 2 W// VFS-5,6 8

Patented Nov. 6, 1934 UNITED STATES PATE N SASH Application May 9, 1932, Serial No. 610,110

4 Claims.

This invention relates to sash for forming window openings or the like, and with regard to certain more specic features, to wooden sash of this class.

Among the several objects of the invention may be noted the provision of a sash construction adapted to be installed into a wall without the use of a separate frame therefor; the provision of a sash of the class described in which substantial strength of its members are distributed substantially equally over the entire area of the opening; the provision of a sash of the class described having increased area of glass in relation to the size of opening in. which the sash is installed; the provision of a sash of this class adapted to cover a larger area with more safety and convenience of installation of the sash and auxiliary members such as movable Window screen and the like; and the provision of a sash of this class which forms a better break against air leakage through the opening in which it is installed. Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the elements and combinations of elements, features of construction, and arrangements of parts which will be exemplified in the structures hereinafter described, and the scope Vof the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which are illustrated several of various possible embodiments of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a perspective View of one form of sash viewed from the screen'side thereof, certain poring an inner movable window;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3 7-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modified form of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 4 showing another modiiication;l

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken on line of Fig. 5; and,

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary, horizontal section taken on line 8-8 of Figli, andl showing a wind break.

Similar reference characters indicate corre-y sponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

` Heretofore, Wood sash have been made with burning building, as does steel.

tions of theV screening being removed and showheavy peripheral frames, the full strength of the sash inresisting wall and wind load having been in these frames. The frames have, because of their bulk, blocked the passage of a substantial amount of light through the opening covered by the respective windows. Lattice work has been built into these heavy frames, but this lattice has not been designed to take either wind or wall loads, the same being only strong enough to supply and glaze in the glass and involving an undesirable flexibility.

As a result of the above disadvantages, wooden sash have not been extensively` used. For open-y ings of considerable area, steel frames have been resorted to. v

With the present invention, it is possible to enclose openings with wood sash which heretofore could not be closed thereby. Wood sash does not deteriorate as rapidly as steelsash, particularly in locations where smoke and other chemical impurities of the air cause acid attacks, or where moisture is present. Moisture, both plain and acidulated, more quickly attacks metal sash than it does wooden ones. Furthermore, the wood sash may be flame and/or reproofed for fire protection. It then has the advantage of reducing fire hazard without functioning as a positive bar against escape by occupants of a The Wood, although resisting re can in emergency be manually broken out to permit escape, whereas steel cannot. Wood sash also retains more building heat than does steel sash.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. l and 2, there is illustrated at numeral l a peripheral framework of wood Whose cross section is of the order of one by three inches, although this gure is not to ybe taken as limiting. The'primary feature in View of what follows is that it may be madel thinner so as to present less obstructions to'entry of light, when compared with the ordinary wooden sash.

Vertically arranged at intervals between the sideward members of the frame 1 are a plurality of studs 3 forming vertical, rectangular openings 5. Each vertical, rectangular opening 5 is divided into ya series of smaller openings 'l by means of relatively small lateral supports 9 which are not as deep nor as strong as the studs 3. Suitable grooves 11 are formed in the cross supports 9 and the studs 3 for the purpose of seating and glazing in panes of glass or the like 13.

If it be found desirable to place Within the latticed sash thus far described a window, then suitable sections of the studs 3 are omitted and headers 15 used for outlining (with a pair of the adjacent studs 5) a window opening 17 within which is hinged a window 19. The window may be of any desired class, preferably wood, the type shown in Figs. l and 2 being suitable. Grooves 21 in the frame formed by the two sideward studs 3 and headers 15 serve to seat the window and hinges 23 serve to permit opening of the same.

Furthermore, the frame 17 carries rearwardly grooves 25 for receiving a movable screen 27, said screen being hinged by hinges 29.

It is to be understood that the lowermost oneV of the frame members 1 may comprise a sill Sv as shown in Fig. 2.

Reference to Fig. 3 shows that the lateral'thickness of the frame members 1 and the studs 3 is comparable, the frame members 1, in fact, being somewhat thinner than the stud members. The result of this structure is that great rigidity is obtained both as in resisting load applied to the frame-from the top and against wind loads. As may be seen from the drawings, the studs form rectangular panels within the integral side fra-me, which are broken intoy smaller areas by the lateral members. However, this is not done at the expense of any glass opening and hence the sash, while having all of the advantages and excellent appearance of wood, is comparable in window open effect to the less advantageous steel sash.

'Ihe lateral glass-holding members 9 are and may be small because the lateral loading is unimportant and the weight of glass per lateral member is negligible.

In Fig. 4 is shown a formor" the invention similar to that shown in Fig. l, except that there are used no headers interiorly of the lattice or cellular structure, no interior window being used within the sash proper. Similar references indicate parts corresponding -to `those shown in Figs. 1 to 3.

In this form of sash (having vno swing-ing win-- dow) certain elements of the structurev are more clearly emphasized, such as the vertical rectangular spaces 5 broken up into smaller spaces by means of the light cross pieces 9. It will benoted in this connection that adjacent vertical members 5 and/or side 'members 1, taken with the-lighter cross pieces 9 serve to define a ladder 'arrangement in which the legs thereof serve to provide ample strength but in which the cross pieces are not unnecessarily large.

Viewed in another light, the sash comprises a grid, the edges of which are not any larger than the grid members running in a predetermined direction, `and in which the grid members which run'crosswise of said predetermined direction are relatively smaller.

In Fig. 5 is shown a form of the invention which is similar to that shown in Fig. 4, except that the frame member l (which has characteristics the same as those of the frame member referred to in connection with Figs. 1 to 4) has the ladderlike, lattice-work arranged horizontally, instead of vertically. That is to say, the strong studding' 31 is parallel to the horizontal edgesof the frame 1, rather than to one of the sideward verticals. In this case, the studs 31 are joined by lighter, vertical members 33 for glass placement purposes (see also Fig. 7). This form of the invention causes the studs 31 to support wind loads primarily and is for application where no great vertical load is to be applied from-the outside of the frame. It is also useful where endwise loadf ing occurs. As shown,rthe panels-are horizon-Y tally arranged.

It will be noted that in the figures of the' drawings, the frame 1, with the exception of the sill S is provided with peripheral grooving 35, the purpose of which is to receive a detachable strip 37 serving wind breaking purposes. This strip is held within the groove 35 by means of1 suitable screws 39 (Fig. 8). The strip 37 is placed within a recess 41 of the ordinary or masonry wall or the like 43 which surrounds the opening. It may also be applied to the sill S,.if desired.

If it be desired to remove the sash at any time in order to repair it or replace it, the screws 39` may be loosened and the strip 37 pushed further into the recess 41, thus permitvting insertion of a new sash member. The displaced strip 37 is `shown in dotted lines in Fig.y 8. When the new sash is put into place, this may be retrieved in any one of various ways, such as by temporarily using a longer screw. Other methods willsuggest themselves to various users.

The strip 37 serves as a wind brake by providing a labyrinth, when taken in connection with the wall 43, so that direct air leakage is prevented.

It willA be seen that the above invention results in'the advantagesalready enumerated and many others. Among theselare .the following:

The sash is designed tobe installed in a wall without the use of a separate frame, the sash itself providing the requisite strength for taking Wall loadsor the like. The sash may be installedin any one of the various types of walls used such as brick, masonry, wood stud wall, and wood stud walls with brick veneer..

The sash is positively rigid, practically air tight, removable, and eliminates the customary additional frame. It also. lends itself easily to standardization of manufacture, because each unit supplies its proportion. of strength. That is, it is not necessary to increase the size. of wood members for` larger openings. It provides a maximum area of glass invrelation to the size of opening. Also, sub-sections of thesash may be used for movable windows, screens and the like.

'Ihe sash is also designed to withstand exceptional pressure against its surface, making use of much larger areas of sash than were heretofore consideredpracticable.

In View of the above, it will be seen that the several-.objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As many changes could be made in carrying out the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. A wooden sash comprising a frame adapted to be placed within a wall opening, labyrinth means extending from said frame and into said wall, and fasteners for holding said labyrinth means to the frame, said fasteners beingadapted to be manipulated without damaging the frame, to permit of freeing of said labyrinth means.

2. A wooden sash comprising a frame adapted to be placed within a wall opening, labyrinth means extendingfrom -said frame and: into said wall, and fasteners for holding said labyrinth means to the frame, said fasteners being adapted to be manipulated without damaging the frame to permit of freeing of said labyrinth means whereby the frame is released to permit its removal from said opening.

Cil

means extending from said frame and into said Wall, and fasteners for holding said labyrinth means to the frame, said fasteners being adapted to be manipulated Without damaging the frame to permit of freeing of said labyrinth means, said frame being provided With a peripheral recess for receiving said labyrinth means, said labyrinth means comprising a tongue in said peripheral groove.

CARLOS E. LYON.

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