US1841757A - Wall board and joint made therewith - Google Patents

Description

J i932. T'. a. Numana 3,341,757

WALL 50mg am .www MDHTHEREWITH Filed Dec. 16, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 3.

V C Ik U m 3 l I In Jam. 19, 1932. T. B. MUNROE A Y WALL BOARD AND JOINT MADE THEREWITH Filed nec. 16, 1927 Y.2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Jan. 19, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TREADWAY B. MUNROE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T THE CELOT-EX COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS WALL BOARD AND JOINT MADE THEREWITE Application filed December 16, 1927. Serial No. 240,551.

This invention relates to a wallboard and joint made therewith and has for its object to improve the construction of walls made of a plurality of wallboard units, as well as to provide wallboards and a joint made therewith which will be more efficient in use than those heretofore proposed.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel details of construction and combinations of parts as will be more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like numerals designate like parts inv all the views;

Fig. l is a perspective view, with parts v broken away, of the corner of a room having walls formed by wallboards made and applied in accordance with this invention.;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one of the wallboards';

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the wallboard unit taken as on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. f is a transverse sectional view of the wallboard unit taken as on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view partly in section illustrating a finished joint between adjacent wallboard units;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the horizontal joint between two adjacent wallboard units; i

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective viewfof a walboard having a modified longitudinal edge formation; and

Fig. 8 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 6 of the finished horizontal joint as produced in Fig. 7.

It is well known that walls have heretofore been made from a plurality of units known as wallboards. plaster boards. etc.. but one of the principal objections to said previously known types is that when the finishing coat of plaster `or other material is spread over the surfaces of the units and allowed to dry, there occurs a crack in said finish. The time at which said finish cracks is not always the saine, due to varying conditions such as thiclmess of the finishing coat, temperature extremes, humidity, etc. A curious fact is that these cracks,

in substantially all cases occur at a joint beunit as a whole stretching and shrinking under the expansion and contraction encountered through changes of temperature, humidity, etc..

The purpose of this invention is to produce a wallboard which, while more or less rigid, yet is so constructed that it will yield materially. A wallboard constructed by felting or otherwise interlockingly commingling fibers having substantial length and retaining their natural characteristics or strength, flexibility, etc., has been found of exceptional value for walls, and bagasse furnishes such fibers. rllherefore the wallboard forming the subject matter of this application has been made from sugar cane fiber after a cooking action thereof which has been sumcient to loosen the outer encrusting layers and cementitious material but insucient to destroy the natural characteristics of the fibers. These fibers after cooking and washing are formed intoA a sheet of about one-half inch thickness which is subsequently dried and cut into units of suitable lengths and widths for convenient handling in transportation and commercial use. The dimensions of said units are preferably made as multiples of the standard spacing of framing members in building construction.

Referring to Fig. l there is shown a corner of a room with the spaced studding members 2 to which are nailed or otherwise secured a plurality of wallboard units 3 so that the vertical joints 4: therebetween will be in staggered relation as shown. In other lends.

words, the units are applied to the studding in horizontal courses necessitating a continuous horizontal joint 5 but they are, at the same time, laid with their ends in overlapping relation with the result that a vertical joint will always be coincident with a studding but two or more vertical joints will not be continuous on any one studding.

The wallboard unit 3 is rectangularly formed and laid on the studdings 2 with the long dimension of the unit running across the studdings. The short ends indicated in Fig. 2 by the numeral 6 are provided with a bevelled surface 7 which cuts off substantially one half of the corner formed at said In other words the unit 3 is formed with two parallel surfaces such asl() and 11 the former intended to contact with the studdings 2, vand the latter intended to form the exposed surface, or the room-side of the unit when secured in place. In cutting each unit from the sheet, there are provided ends and sides which are in planes at right angle to the planes of the surfaces 10 and 11. Each unit is then subjected to a further cutting action whereby the bevelled surfaces 7 are produced, but the cutters for forming this surface do not cut all the way through the unit from the surface 11 to the surface 10, with the result that there is still left the portion 12 at each short end which was formed by the first cutting action.

The two long sides or edges of each unit are also subjected to a further cutting action, but with particular reference to Fi 4 it is to be observed that the results obta'ned are different in that one edge is trimmed to provide a shouldered recess or rahbet 15 and on the other edge is formedA the flange 16. In other words, each unit has one longitudinal edge formed with a rahbet and the opposite parallel longitudinal edge formed with a flange so that when the units are placed in position to form the wall, there will be an interlocking by overlapping of two adjacent units, all as will be readily seen in Fig. 5. In forming the rahbet 15 there is left an extending portion or flange 17 which is provided with the bevel 18, and the flange 16 has adjacent one side thereof a bevel 19, both of the bevels 18 and 19 being associated with the surface 11 of the unit 3. l

The result of this construction is shown in Fig. 5, the flange 16 of the unit 3 fitting within the rabbet`15 of the unit therebelow and identified by the numeral 20. Further, it will be seen that in so joining these two units 3 and 20 the bevels, associated with the flange and mortise, form a V-shaped groove into which the decorative or finishing coat may extend. Likewise from said figure it will be seen that the unit 3 and the horizontally adjacent unit numbered 21 are held in abutting relation by the surfaces 12, and the bevellcd surfaces 7 of each of said units form another V-shaped groove into which said finishing coat may extend. The result of this construction is to provide a greater thickness of the finishing coat 25.a.t the joints between the wallboard units to prevent the cracking thereof at these` points, and thus it may be said that the finishing coat is selfreinforced at the joints.

4point where there is asubstantial backing of wallboard material which will absorb much of the heat and cold attempting to pass therethrough. The wallboard above described has a heat insulating value of as much as and by the very nature of its construction is capable of absorbing practically all of the expansion and contraction, while secured inplace, to which it will be normally subjected. The pressure of the securing means, such as the nails 35, insures a tight contact between the wallboard and the studdings so that practically no heat passage occurs at the vertical joints, and by providing the horizontal lap joint shown, the fibrous surfaces of the overlapping flanges will intimately contact to prevent a passage of heat. The angular turn or bend caused by said rahbet and flange further insures a loss of heat by absorption in its attempt to pass the same,as will be readily understood.

With particular reference to Fig. 6 there is illustrated the result obtained by the above construction. The wallboard umts 3 and 2() due to their construction, contain numerous interstices or cells created by the fibers in their entanglement. The finishing coat 25, being wet and plastic when applied, will enter these interstices or cells as indicated at 26 and form a multitude of small anchors for said finishing coat. In addition there protrude, from the normal surface of said units, hundreds of liber ends as indicated at 27, extending'in all directions, so that a more tenacious bond is obtained between the unit and the finishing coat than would be the case were the surface of the unit relatively smooth like the wallboards of heretofore known types. At the apex of the V-shaped groove the material of the finishing coat will work in slightly as indicated at 2.8 to form a seal.

but with a second bevelled surface 30 angularly meeting the surface 18 at the end of said flange. In other Words, when tWo units of the modified form shown in Fig. 7 are properly placed in position, there will be provided a pocket 31 into which the material of the finishing coat 25 may positively enter for better keying effect, although it is not to be gathered from this disclosure that the finishing coat will not adhere readily to the sui'- face of each unit.

F rom the foregoing it will thus be seen that by this invention there may be constructed a Wall comprising rthe studding members 2 with courses of Wallboard units applied thereto and a plaster or other decorative finish applied to the outer sides of the wallboards. Further the wallboards are applied to the studding with their adjoining ends (S in registry with a stud and that the said adj olning ends are oppositely bevelled on the outer side whereby an angular depression is formed when the courses are laid and secured in place, said depression to receive the plaster or other decorative finish. rl`he bevels are so disposed on the edges ofthe Wallboard units that they terminate short of the inner side of the board so that at the ends 6 there is provided an abutting surface with relation to an adjacent board. The other or longitudinal edges of the wallboard are also provided With oppositely bevelled surfaces on the outer side of the board said bevels likewise not extending clear through the board but terminating short of the inner side, and one of said longitudinal edges has a rabbet therein and the other edge is rabbeted to provide a flange thereon, the bevels meeting the lap produced by a flange of one board coengaging the rabbet of an adjacent board.

By providing the lap joint arrangement which extends across the studding, heat is prevented from passing through the plane of the Wallboard units. A#also the butt joints made by the ends 6 due to each being` coincident With or lying on a studding, creates a closed joint to prevent the passage of heat therethrough.

All of the bevels are of the same Width and angularity and further are all commonly associated with .the outer surface of the board Vso that all of the units present a symmetrical F prevented.

and the other side edge having a flange therein and a reverse bevel associated With said rabbet.

2. A wallboard provided around all the edges thereof With a bevel on the front side of the board, whereby when the boards are applied With their edges in Contact a depression Will be formed by said bevels to receive plaster, two opposite edges of said board also havinga rabbet and a. flange on the rear side of the board of equal dimensions to coactingly produce a closed joint and a bevel intermediate said rabbet and said first mentioned bevel to create an additional depression for keyingly receiving said plaster When said boards are assembled.

3. A. fibrous cellular board like unit having opposite faces and side edges and ends and adapted to receive a plaster like coating on a surface thereof, one side edge of the unit reduced in thickness, an opposite edge complementally reduced in thickness, the unit beveled from one face along the edges of reduced thickness and on the ends, the reduced edges being in cross section, one substantially triangular and the other substantially rectangular With a bevel adjacent the rectangular section.

4f. A heat insulating Wallboard plaster base of yielding fibrous and moisture absorbable character comprising a plurality of boards set edge to edge, the adjacent edges of the boards being bevelled to form a substantially V-shaped groove adapted to receive plaster, the edge of one board being provided With a recess and the edge of the other board being provided With a tongue fitting Within the recess to form a sealed heat insulating joint.

5. A heat insulating Wallboard plaster base of yielding brous and moisture absorbable character comprising a plurality of boards set edge toedge, the adjacent edges of the boards being bevelled to form a substantially il-shaped groove adapted to receive plaster, the edge of one board beingprovided With a recess and the edge of the other board being provided With a tongue fitting Within the recess to form a sealed heat insulating joint, said V-shaped groove being slightly offset relative to said joint.

6. A heat insulating Wallboard fibrous base of yielding fibrous and moisture absorbable character comprising a plurality of boards set edge to edge, the upper and lower edges of the boards beingbevelled to form a longitudinally disposed V-shaped groove, the edge of one board being provided With a recess and the edge of the other board being provided With a tongue fitting Within the recess to form a sealed heat insulating joint.

7. A heat insulating Wallboard plaster base of yielding fibrous and moisture absorbable character comprising a plurality of boards set edge to edge, the longitudinally disposed edges of the board being bevelled to form a substantially V-shaped longitudinally disposed groove, the edge of one board being provided with a recess and the edge of the other board being provided With a tongue fitting Within the recess to form a sealed insulating joint, the abutting vertical edges of said boards being also bevelled to provide a vertically disposed groove.

8. A Wallboard of yielding fibrous nature having an edge formed with a protruding flange at the bottom thereof and with a bevel extending from the inner end of the flange rearwardly to the top of'the board and the opposite edge of the board being lprovided with a rabbeted portion forming a recess on the under side thereof and having formed on its upper side a bevelled portion extending rearwardly to the top of the board, said rabbeted recess and said flange being complemental to each other.

9. A fibrous plaster base unit board having opposite edge portions of reduced thickness, one edge of the unit relieved toward a face of the unit, the other edge relieved from adjacent the base of the portion of reduced thickness to a face of the unit, the surfaces of the reliefs merging into the face of the unit at obtuse angles.

10. A Wall structure comprising in combination supports, fibrous yielding board-form moisture-absorbable plastic-receiving base material units supported by the supports, the base material units comprising elements which in effect about midway of their thickness are laterally displaced to provide oppositely disposed edge flanges, the units along opposite edges relieved oppositely toward one face thereof; the units complementally associated and providing through the medium of overlapping flanges a` sealed heat insulating plastic-receiving base, presenting on its face recesses decreasing in Width from the plastic-receiving face inwardly, a plastic sheet applied to the faces of the units and having on its rear side reinforcing ridges eX- tending into the recesses -on the face of the base, the reinforcing ridges merging into the back of the plastic sheet at obtuse angles.

vIn testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

TREADVAY B. MUNROE.

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