US1816568A - Drill bit - Google Patents

Description

July 28, 1931. A. E. CARLSON I 1,816,568

DRILL BIT Filed June 5, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 28, 1931. CARLSQN 1,816,568

DRILL BIT I Filed June 5, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 28, 193i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ANTHONY E. CARLSON, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND IESNE ASSIGNMEIITS, TO REED ROLLER BIT COMPANY, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS, A

CORPORATION OF TEXAS DRILL BIT Application filed-June 5, 1929. Serial No. 368,483.

the rotary system of well drilling. In this industry a well is sunk by means of a drill bit secured to the lower end of a 5 drill pipe. The drill pipe extends upwardly through the well and is rotated by a rotary table situated on the floor of a derrick of the well. The rotation of the drill bit cuts away the bottom of the hole and sinks the well. During the drilling of the well all of the exposed parts of the drill bit are subject to great wear which necessitates fre quent replacement thereof. It is an object of my invention to provide a protective member for a drill bit which fits thereover so as to protect the main body of the drill bit against wear, and which is removable so that, when worn, it may be D11;eplaced without replacing the entire drill In the drilling of a well, the sides thereof frequently cave in and bury the drill bit thus making it diflicult to withdraw the drill bit from the well. Y

5 It is another object of my invention to provide a drill bit having cutting members My invention relates to drill bits used in on the upper sides thereof so that it may be I more readily withdrawn from the well in casethe sides thereof cave in.

I In a drill bit in which the cutting members extend outwardly beyond the body thereof, the edges of the cutting members frequently contact the sides of the well and the joints in the well casing and make it i difficult to lower the drill bit into the well.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a drill in which a guiding member thereon extends'outwardly beyond the cutting members. In the drill bit of my invention, I prefer to secure this object by pro viding cutter carrying arms having, projections which extend outwardly beyond the cutters of the drill.

Another object of my invention is to provide a bit in which the cutters may be readil installed or removed, and when installe are held in place by strong means so that there is no danger of losing them.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a bit in which the pins or shafts Fig. 1 is a view showing the elements "of a my drill in the manner of their assembly.

Fig. 2' is a View showing the appearance when assembled;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of my device as indicated by the line 44 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of my device as indicated by the line 5--5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of my device as indicated by the arrow 6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 4.

As bestshown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, a drill bit of my invention consists of a drill body 11 having a central cylindrical portion 12 above which is a threaded pin 13 adapted to be received into a tool box on a drill pipe. Between the cylindrical portion 12 and the pin 18 is a shoulder 14 which permits tightening of the drill body 11 against the tool box. Below the cylindrical portion 12 is an annular flange 16 which is cut away on two sides to form flattened sides 17. Below the flange 16 is a depending wall 18 which is axially displaced and has outwardly inclined edges 19.

The cylindrical. portion 12 of *the drill body is adapted to be received into a cylindrical bore 20 in a tubular protective member 21. The flange 16 is adapted to contact walls of an annular bore 22 in the protective member 21 and the flattened sides 17 of the flange 16 are adapted to contact walls of a. shoulder on the bore 22. The protective member 21 secured to the body 11 by 4 screws 24 which extend through openings in the rotective member 21 and through a c lindrlcal slot 25 formed in the surface of the cylindrical portion 12 of the body 11. The heads of the screws 24 are retained in recesses 26 in the outer surface of the protective member 21.

Fi s. 1 to 4 best show the construction of tie protective member 21 which is tapered on the upper, exterior portion thereof to-form a conical wall on whlch are formed toothed projections 27. Formed on .the lower portion of the protective member 21 are diametrically-opposite depending legs 28 and at right angles thereto are depending legs 29, the depen ing legs 28 having vertica inner walls 30 and parallel-walled notches 31 in the lower edges thereof, and the depending legs 29 having inclined inner walls 33 and flat-walled notches 34 in the lower edges which provide horizontal upper faces 35. In the outer surface of the rotective member 21 between the depending egs 28 and 29 are cylindrical grooves or flutes 36.

As best shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 6, a cylindrical cutter carrying arm 38 is carried in a horizontal opening formed in the wall 18, the-parallel-sided ends 39 thereof being adapted to be received into the notches 31 in the depending legs 28. On the cutter carrying arm 38 are rotatably supported horizontal cutters 40 having circumferential cutting teeth, one of the cutters 40 having teethwhich extend in the axis A-A of rotation of the drill bit. 41 are positioned between the cutters 40 and the ,depending legs 28, the wear plates having central holes with parallel walls, and are adapted to be received onto the ends 39 of the cutter carrying arm 38 so as to prevent rotation thereof. Positioned between the cutters 40 and the depending wall 18 are wear plates 42. A in 43 passes through the wear plates 42 an an opening in the depending wall 18 and prevents rotation of the wear plates 42.

As best shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 7, circular recesses 45 having parallel side walls are formed in the edges 19 of the wall 18. The recesses 45 are adapted to receive parallelsided ends 46 of cylindrical cutter carrying arms 47 which are su ported therebyat right angles to the inclined edges 19 of the depending wall 18. The upper ends 48 of the cutter supporting arms 47 have parallel side walls which are adapted to be received into the notches 34. 'The cutter carrying arms 47 are prevented from becoming detached from the wall 18 by horizontal upper walls on the ends 48 which are adapted to contact the horizontal faces 35 in the notches 34.

Rotatably supported on the inclined cutter carrying arms 47 are inclined cutters 50 Wear plates" which are positioned between the inclined edges 19 of the depending wall 18 and the inclined inner wall 33 of the depending legs 29. These inclined cutters 50 are provided with circumferential teeth, a portion of which is caused to project outwardly beyond the outer surface of the protective member 21 by the inclination of the cutters 50. I pre fer to construct my device so that the rounded ends 48 of the arms 47 extend outwardly beyond the cutters 50 and form guiding members for the drill bit. Wear plates 51 are positioned between the inclined cutters 50 and inclined edges 19 of the depending wall 18, and wear plates 52 are positioned between the cutters 50 and the lnclined inner wall 33. The wear plates 51 and 52 have central openings with parallel side-walls which are adapted to be received onto the ends 46 and 48 of the cutter carrying arms 47 in a manner to prevent relative rotation therebetween.

Opening from the top of the pin 13 is a central bore 53 which is connected with the space below the flange 16 by four fluid each other. v

In the operation of my drill bit, the drill body 11 is rotated by means of its connection with the drill pipe. rotates the protective member 21 by means of the engagement of the flat faces 17 with the shoulders in the bore 22 and by the engagement of the screws 24 with the sides of the cylindrical slot 25. The engagement of the cutters 40 and 50 with the bottom of the hole causes them to rotate. and cut away the bottom of the hole so as to sink the well. Rotary mud is supplied from the center of the drill pipe, through the bore 53 in the drill body 1 1, and through the fluid passages 54 to the space below the flange 16, where it picks up the cuttings and carries them upwardly through the flutes 36 in the protective member 21.

As the protective member 21 encloses the drill body 11, the drill body 11 is protected thereby from contact with the sides of the hole and from wear occasioned thereby.

When the protective member 21 is worn sufficiently to require replacement, it may be easily removed by removing the screws 24 and wlthdrawing the protective member 21,

upwardly. New protective members and new cutters may be used to replace the Worn parts and thus practically a new drill bit is secured without the necessity of replacing the entire drill body.

In case the walls of the well cave in so as. to bury the drill bit, the toothed projections 27 on the protective member 21 provide means for cutting away the fallen material so as to more readily withdraw the drill bit from the well.

When inserting the drill bit into the well The drill body 11' e0 openings 54 positioned at right angles to the cutting teeth on the cutters 50 which extend beyond the outer wall of the protective member 21 are prevented from contacting the sides of the wall and the joints in the well casing by the ends 48 of the cutter carrying arms 47 which extend outwardly beyond the teeth on the cutters 50. The rounded ends 48 contact the walls of the well and form guiding members for the drill bit.

It should be noted that a drill bit of my invention is particularly adapted to drill various sizes of holes without changing the size of the drill body 11. By making the cutters 50 and the protective member 21 larger or smaller, my drill bit may be adapted to drill larger or smaller holes.

My invention may be applicable to other forms of drill bits than that described herein without departing from the broad spirit of my invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a drill bit, the combination of: a drill body having an upper end for connection to a drill stem; a removable protective member extending downwardly to the lowermost portion of and surrounding said drill body; means for preventing relative movement between said drill body and said protective member; and a cutter secured to said drill body.

2. In a drill bit, the combination of: a drill body having an upper end for connection to a drill stem; a removable protective member rigidly secured to said drill body; a cutter carrying arm supported by the lowermost portion of said drill body and engaged by the lowermost portion of said protective member; and a cutter rotatably carried by said cutter carrying arm.

3. In a drill bit, the combination of: a drill body having an upper end for connection to a drill stem; a protective member removably secured to said drill body in fixed relationship thereto, extending to the lowermost portion thereof, and having a toothed and tapered upper end; and a cutter secured to said drill body.

4. In a drill .bit, the combination of: a drill body having an upper end for connection to a drill stem; a protective member removably secured to said drill body in fixed relationship thereto and having a toothed and, tapered upper end; a cutter carrying arm supported by the lowermost portion of said drill body and engaged by said protective member; and a cutter rotatably carried by said cutter carrying arm.

5. In a drill bit, the combination of: a drill body having an upper end for connection to a drill stem; a protective member removably secured to said drill body in fixed relationship thereto; a depending leg on said protective member; a cutter carrying arm supported by the lowermost portion of said drill body and engaged by said deoend-' ing leg; and a cutter rotatably carried by said cutter carrying arm.

6. In a drill bit, a drill body having an upper end for connection to a drill stem,

tective member removably mounted on and surrounding said body and extending downwardly from said up er end, the lowermost portion of said member being slotted for the reception of said arms, and the surface of the upperportion of said member being faced upwardly and toothed.

8. In a drill bit, a drill body having a threaded pin for connection to a drill stem cutter arms on the lowermost portion of said body, cutters on said arms, and a protective member removably mounted on and surrounding said body, the upper end of said member being substantially in the same plane with the lower end of said pin, said member extending downwardly and having a slotted lower end for the reception of said arms, the surface of the upper portion of said member being faced upwardly and toothed.

9. In a drill bit, a drill bodyhaving a threaded pin on its upperend for connection to a drill stem, cutter arms on the lowermost portion of said body, said arms being substantially at a right angle to each other, cutters on said arms, and a protective member removably mounted on and surrounding said body, the upper end of said member being adjacent the lower end of said pin, and the-lower end of said body being slotted for the reception of said arms.

10. In a drill bit, a drill body having a threaded pin on its upper end, and a pair of cutter arms on and inclined upwardly and outwardly fromvopposite sides of the lowermost portion of said body, another arm on and at substantially a right angle to the axis of said body and to the plane of said inclined arms, cutters on said arms, and a protective member removably mounted on and surrounding said body, the upper end of said body being adjacent the lower end of said pin, and the lower end of said body being slotted for the reception of said arms.

Intestimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, 7 this 29th day of May, 1929.

ANTHONY E. CARLSON.

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