US1709662A - Process of degumming - Google Patents
Process of degumming Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1709662A US1709662A US72420A US7242025A US1709662A US 1709662 A US1709662 A US 1709662A US 72420 A US72420 A US 72420A US 7242025 A US7242025 A US 7242025A US 1709662 A US1709662 A US 1709662A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- goods
- degumming
- soap
- natural silk
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 13
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MTQKMPGBALVEDL-ZPCKWCKBSA-N (z,12r)-12-hydroxy-2-sulfooctadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O MTQKMPGBALVEDL-ZPCKWCKBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alizarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sulpho Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C5/00—Carbonising rags to recover animal fibres
Definitions
- This invention concerns a process for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics or other goods, whether consistlng wholly thereof or containing it mixed or associated w th 5 fibres or yarns of any other material or materials. -All .such goods are hereinafter; 1n the claims included in the term materials comprising natural silk.
- the invention 1s applicable with especial advantages to degumming natural Sllk in yarns or fabrics or other goods containing 1t mlxed or associated with cellulose acetate yarns, filaments ,or fibres, and it will be described chiefly in this connection.
- the process of the invention can also be employed with advantage for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics consisting wholly thereof or consisting of natural silk mixed or associated with cotton, linen, wool, artificial silks of the cellulose type orother fibres or filaments than cellulose acetate.
- the goods consisting of or containing the silk are impregnated with, that is to-say treated .with a strong aqueous solution of one or more sulpho-fatty acids or their alkali or ammonium salts, such for instance as are contained in the familiar sulphonated or sulphated oils of commerce represented-by Tum ey red oils, Monopol oils, oleines etc. to
- alkali silicates such as sodium silicate or sodium carbonate
- soda ash or borax These latter substances are all of the same type, having a moderate 3 or weak alkaline reaction, and they are all' hereinafter in the claims designated by the term inorganic alkaline salt.
- soap After standing for some time the goods are scoured with a solution of soap to which may be likewise added with advantage one or more alkali silicates, carbonates or borates.
- the goods may be impregnated at a suitable temper-' ature, for instance at about 75 C.,,wit-h a strong-aqueous solution of one r more of the aforesaid sulpho fatty aci s or the alkali or ammonium salts, to which sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash, borax or otheralkali silicates, carbonates or borates .have been added, and after being'left for some hours the goods may be scoured off in a soap-bath containing sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash or other alkall silicates, carbonates or borates. If
- the goods to be treated for example woven fabric the warp ofwhich is cellulose acetate yarn and the weft of real silk in the gum are impregnated in a suitable manner such as by means of 2. padding machine or mangle at about 75 C. with a commercial Turkey red oil of a strength represented by about 4050% fatty acids to which sodium silicateto the extentof 10 grms. per litre of the oilhas been added.
- the goods are well squeezed by the nip of the mangle until they contain about 40-50% of their weight of the alkaline oilprepa-ration. They are then left piled or rolled up overnight and scoured ofi twice next day, each scouring being for about 1 hr. in a bath containing 5 grms. per litre soap and 0.3 grms. per litre sodium silicate at about 75 C.
- a satisfactory dis chargeof the silk gum is thus obtainable with no noticeable deleterious effect upon the cellulose acetate component in the goods.
- Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subprising natural silk and cellulose acetate 1 which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap.
- Process for degununing materials comprising natural silk which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of aliquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
- Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
- Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong a ueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt 0 a monovalent inorganic base, and, subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
- Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricino leic acid, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
- Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fat-ty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and alkali silicate.
- Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.
- Process for degumming materials com.- prising natural silk and cellulose acetate which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising analkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.
Description
Patented Apr; 16, 1929.
UNITE]? STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GEORGE HOLLAND ELLIS, F SPONDQN, NEAR DEQBY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO .CELA- NESE CORPORATION-0F AMERICA, A GOBPORATION OF DELAWARE.
Pnoonss or DEGUMMING.
1V0 Drawing. Application filed. November 30, 1925, Serial No. 72,420, and in Great Britain October 30, 1925.
This invention concerns a process for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics or other goods, whether consistlng wholly thereof or containing it mixed or associated w th 5 fibres or yarns of any other material or materials. -All .such goods are hereinafter; 1n the claims included in the term materials comprising natural silk. The invention 1s applicable with especial advantages to degumming natural Sllk in yarns or fabrics or other goods containing 1t mlxed or associated with cellulose acetate yarns, filaments ,or fibres, and it will be described chiefly in this connection.
In degunnning. natural silk goods containing it mixed or associated with cellulose acetate,diflicultyhas been experienced owing to the detrimental effect of the usual degumming baths or treatment upon the lustre and quality of the cellulose acetate filaments,
fibres or yarns present.
By the process of the present invention, this difliculty can be overcome and (legummin'g'of'the natural silk in such goods can 25 be satisfactorily efi'ected without injury to .s the cellulose acetate fibres, filament-s or yarns present therein. t
The process of the invention can also be employed with advantage for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics consisting wholly thereof or consisting of natural silk mixed or associated with cotton, linen, wool, artificial silks of the cellulose type orother fibres or filaments than cellulose acetate.
According to the present invention the goods consisting of or containing the silk are impregnated with, that is to-say treated .with a strong aqueous solution of one or more sulpho-fatty acids or their alkali or ammonium salts, such for instance as are contained in the familiar sulphonated or sulphated oils of commerce represented-by Tum ey red oils, Monopol oils, oleines etc. to
which have been preferably added one or more alkali silicates, carbonates, or borates, such as sodium silicate or sodium carbonate,
. soda ash or borax. These latter substances are all of the same type, having a moderate 3 or weak alkaline reaction, and they are all' hereinafter in the claims designated by the term inorganic alkaline salt. After standing for some time the goods are scoured with a solution of soap to which may be likewise added with advantage one or more alkali silicates, carbonates or borates.
Letters Patent is Incarrying out the invention the goods may be impregnated at a suitable temper-' ature, for instance at about 75 C.,,wit-h a strong-aqueous solution of one r more of the aforesaid sulpho fatty aci s or the alkali or ammonium salts, to which sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash, borax or otheralkali silicates, carbonates or borates .have been added, and after being'left for some hours the goods may be scoured off in a soap-bath containing sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash or other alkall silicates, carbonates or borates. If
degumming is not as complete as desired, the
The goods to be treated, for example woven fabric the warp ofwhich is cellulose acetate yarn and the weft of real silk in the gum are impregnated in a suitable manner such as by means of 2. padding machine or mangle at about 75 C. with a commercial Turkey red oil of a strength represented by about 4050% fatty acids to which sodium silicateto the extentof 10 grms. per litre of the oilhas been added. The goods are well squeezed by the nip of the mangle until they contain about 40-50% of their weight of the alkaline oilprepa-ration. They are then left piled or rolled up overnight and scoured ofi twice next day, each scouring being for about 1 hr. in a bath containing 5 grms. per litre soap and 0.3 grms. per litre sodium silicate at about 75 C. A satisfactory dis chargeof the silk gum is thus obtainable with no noticeable deleterious effect upon the cellulose acetate component in the goods.
What I claim and desire to secure by Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goodskto the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap..
2. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subprising natural silk and cellulose acetate 1 which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap. 1
4;. Process for, degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap.
5. Process for degununing materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of aliquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
6. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
7. Process for dcgumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists l]1 Sl1 l) jccting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a. strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid. and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkallne salt.
8. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate,
- which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid body and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising .a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
9. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong a ueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt 0 a monovalent inorganic base, and, subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
10. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricino leic acid, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
11. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fat-ty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and alkali silicate.
12. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.
13. Process for degumming materials com.- prising natural silk and cellulose acetate which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising analkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.
GEORGE HOLLAND ELLIS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1709662X | 1925-10-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1709662A true US1709662A (en) | 1929-04-16 |
Family
ID=10888883
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US72420A Expired - Lifetime US1709662A (en) | 1925-10-30 | 1925-11-30 | Process of degumming |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1709662A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2606094A (en) * | 1949-08-22 | 1952-08-05 | Byrne Mazy | Process of degumming bast fibers |
US20020062151A1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2002-05-23 | Gregory Altman | Bioengineered anterior cruciate ligament |
US20030100108A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-29 | Altman Gregory H. | Matrix for the production of tissue engineered ligaments, tendons and other tissue |
US20040219659A1 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2004-11-04 | Altman Gregory H. | Multi-dimensional strain bioreactor |
US20110009960A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2011-01-13 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic fabric structure |
US20110184227A1 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-07-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same |
US20110224703A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2011-09-15 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic device having diagonal yarns and method of manufacturing the same |
US8746014B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2014-06-10 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for making a knitted mesh |
US20150148823A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2015-05-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Pliable silk medical device |
US9204953B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2015-12-08 | Allergan, Inc. | Biocompatible surgical scaffold with varying stretch |
US9326840B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2016-05-03 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same |
-
1925
- 1925-11-30 US US72420A patent/US1709662A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2606094A (en) * | 1949-08-22 | 1952-08-05 | Byrne Mazy | Process of degumming bast fibers |
US20020062151A1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2002-05-23 | Gregory Altman | Bioengineered anterior cruciate ligament |
US20110189773A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2011-08-04 | Allergan, Inc. | Silk fibroin fiber bundles for matrices in tissue engineering |
US6902932B2 (en) | 2001-11-16 | 2005-06-07 | Tissue Regeneration, Inc. | Helically organized silk fibroin fiber bundles for matrices in tissue engineering |
US8623398B2 (en) | 2001-11-16 | 2014-01-07 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for generating connective tissue by implanting a biodegradable silk fabric |
US20050089552A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2005-04-28 | Tissue Regeneration, Inc. | Silk fibroin fiber bundles for matrices in tissue engineering |
US8628791B2 (en) | 2001-11-16 | 2014-01-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Method of forming an implantable knitted fabric comprising silk fibroin fibers |
US20100256756A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2010-10-07 | Allergan, Inc. | Sericin extracted fabrics |
US20110009960A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2011-01-13 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic fabric structure |
US8633027B2 (en) | 2001-11-16 | 2014-01-21 | Allergan, Inc. | Knitted biodegradable silk fabric comprising yarn promoting ingrowth of cells and methods of making |
US20110167602A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2011-07-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Immunoneutral silk-fiber-based medical devices |
US9089501B2 (en) | 2001-11-16 | 2015-07-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Sericin extracted fabrics |
US20030100108A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-29 | Altman Gregory H. | Matrix for the production of tissue engineered ligaments, tendons and other tissue |
US9066884B2 (en) | 2001-11-16 | 2015-06-30 | Allergan, Inc. | Sericin extracted fabrics |
US20040224406A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2004-11-11 | Tissue Regeneration, Inc. | Immunoneutral silk-fiber-based medical devices |
US8685426B2 (en) | 2001-11-16 | 2014-04-01 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for making biocompatible, implantable, substantially sericin free silk fabric |
US20110171453A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2011-07-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Immunoneutral silk-fiber-based medical devices |
US20040219659A1 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2004-11-04 | Altman Gregory H. | Multi-dimensional strain bioreactor |
US8746014B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2014-06-10 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for making a knitted mesh |
US20150148823A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2015-05-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Pliable silk medical device |
US20110224703A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2011-09-15 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic device having diagonal yarns and method of manufacturing the same |
US9078731B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2015-07-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for making a knitted mesh |
US9204953B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2015-12-08 | Allergan, Inc. | Biocompatible surgical scaffold with varying stretch |
US9204954B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2015-12-08 | Allergan, Inc. | Knitted scaffold with diagonal yarn |
US9308070B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2016-04-12 | Allergan, Inc. | Pliable silk medical device |
US9326840B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2016-05-03 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same |
US20110184227A1 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-07-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same |
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