US1709662A - Process of degumming - Google Patents

Process of degumming Download PDF

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Publication number
US1709662A
US1709662A US72420A US7242025A US1709662A US 1709662 A US1709662 A US 1709662A US 72420 A US72420 A US 72420A US 7242025 A US7242025 A US 7242025A US 1709662 A US1709662 A US 1709662A
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Prior art keywords
goods
degumming
soap
natural silk
solution
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US72420A
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Ellis George Holland
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Celanese Corp
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Celanese Corp
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01CCHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C5/00Carbonising rags to recover animal fibres

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a process for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics or other goods, whether consistlng wholly thereof or containing it mixed or associated w th 5 fibres or yarns of any other material or materials. -All .such goods are hereinafter; 1n the claims included in the term materials comprising natural silk.
  • the invention 1s applicable with especial advantages to degumming natural Sllk in yarns or fabrics or other goods containing 1t mlxed or associated with cellulose acetate yarns, filaments ,or fibres, and it will be described chiefly in this connection.
  • the process of the invention can also be employed with advantage for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics consisting wholly thereof or consisting of natural silk mixed or associated with cotton, linen, wool, artificial silks of the cellulose type orother fibres or filaments than cellulose acetate.
  • the goods consisting of or containing the silk are impregnated with, that is to-say treated .with a strong aqueous solution of one or more sulpho-fatty acids or their alkali or ammonium salts, such for instance as are contained in the familiar sulphonated or sulphated oils of commerce represented-by Tum ey red oils, Monopol oils, oleines etc. to
  • alkali silicates such as sodium silicate or sodium carbonate
  • soda ash or borax These latter substances are all of the same type, having a moderate 3 or weak alkaline reaction, and they are all' hereinafter in the claims designated by the term inorganic alkaline salt.
  • soap After standing for some time the goods are scoured with a solution of soap to which may be likewise added with advantage one or more alkali silicates, carbonates or borates.
  • the goods may be impregnated at a suitable temper-' ature, for instance at about 75 C.,,wit-h a strong-aqueous solution of one r more of the aforesaid sulpho fatty aci s or the alkali or ammonium salts, to which sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash, borax or otheralkali silicates, carbonates or borates .have been added, and after being'left for some hours the goods may be scoured off in a soap-bath containing sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash or other alkall silicates, carbonates or borates. If
  • the goods to be treated for example woven fabric the warp ofwhich is cellulose acetate yarn and the weft of real silk in the gum are impregnated in a suitable manner such as by means of 2. padding machine or mangle at about 75 C. with a commercial Turkey red oil of a strength represented by about 4050% fatty acids to which sodium silicateto the extentof 10 grms. per litre of the oilhas been added.
  • the goods are well squeezed by the nip of the mangle until they contain about 40-50% of their weight of the alkaline oilprepa-ration. They are then left piled or rolled up overnight and scoured ofi twice next day, each scouring being for about 1 hr. in a bath containing 5 grms. per litre soap and 0.3 grms. per litre sodium silicate at about 75 C.
  • a satisfactory dis chargeof the silk gum is thus obtainable with no noticeable deleterious effect upon the cellulose acetate component in the goods.
  • Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subprising natural silk and cellulose acetate 1 which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap.
  • Process for degununing materials comprising natural silk which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of aliquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
  • Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
  • Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong a ueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt 0 a monovalent inorganic base, and, subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
  • Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricino leic acid, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
  • Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fat-ty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and alkali silicate.
  • Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.
  • Process for degumming materials com.- prising natural silk and cellulose acetate which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising analkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.

Description

Patented Apr; 16, 1929.
UNITE]? STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GEORGE HOLLAND ELLIS, F SPONDQN, NEAR DEQBY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO .CELA- NESE CORPORATION-0F AMERICA, A GOBPORATION OF DELAWARE.
Pnoonss or DEGUMMING.
1V0 Drawing. Application filed. November 30, 1925, Serial No. 72,420, and in Great Britain October 30, 1925.
This invention concerns a process for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics or other goods, whether consistlng wholly thereof or containing it mixed or associated w th 5 fibres or yarns of any other material or materials. -All .such goods are hereinafter; 1n the claims included in the term materials comprising natural silk. The invention 1s applicable with especial advantages to degumming natural Sllk in yarns or fabrics or other goods containing 1t mlxed or associated with cellulose acetate yarns, filaments ,or fibres, and it will be described chiefly in this connection.
In degunnning. natural silk goods containing it mixed or associated with cellulose acetate,diflicultyhas been experienced owing to the detrimental effect of the usual degumming baths or treatment upon the lustre and quality of the cellulose acetate filaments,
fibres or yarns present.
By the process of the present invention, this difliculty can be overcome and (legummin'g'of'the natural silk in such goods can 25 be satisfactorily efi'ected without injury to .s the cellulose acetate fibres, filament-s or yarns present therein. t
The process of the invention can also be employed with advantage for degumming natural silk in yarns or fabrics consisting wholly thereof or consisting of natural silk mixed or associated with cotton, linen, wool, artificial silks of the cellulose type orother fibres or filaments than cellulose acetate.
According to the present invention the goods consisting of or containing the silk are impregnated with, that is to-say treated .with a strong aqueous solution of one or more sulpho-fatty acids or their alkali or ammonium salts, such for instance as are contained in the familiar sulphonated or sulphated oils of commerce represented-by Tum ey red oils, Monopol oils, oleines etc. to
which have been preferably added one or more alkali silicates, carbonates, or borates, such as sodium silicate or sodium carbonate,
. soda ash or borax. These latter substances are all of the same type, having a moderate 3 or weak alkaline reaction, and they are all' hereinafter in the claims designated by the term inorganic alkaline salt. After standing for some time the goods are scoured with a solution of soap to which may be likewise added with advantage one or more alkali silicates, carbonates or borates.
Letters Patent is Incarrying out the invention the goods may be impregnated at a suitable temper-' ature, for instance at about 75 C.,,wit-h a strong-aqueous solution of one r more of the aforesaid sulpho fatty aci s or the alkali or ammonium salts, to which sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash, borax or otheralkali silicates, carbonates or borates .have been added, and after being'left for some hours the goods may be scoured off in a soap-bath containing sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, soda ash or other alkall silicates, carbonates or borates. If
degumming is not as complete as desired, the
The goods to be treated, for example woven fabric the warp ofwhich is cellulose acetate yarn and the weft of real silk in the gum are impregnated in a suitable manner such as by means of 2. padding machine or mangle at about 75 C. with a commercial Turkey red oil of a strength represented by about 4050% fatty acids to which sodium silicateto the extentof 10 grms. per litre of the oilhas been added. The goods are well squeezed by the nip of the mangle until they contain about 40-50% of their weight of the alkaline oilprepa-ration. They are then left piled or rolled up overnight and scoured ofi twice next day, each scouring being for about 1 hr. in a bath containing 5 grms. per litre soap and 0.3 grms. per litre sodium silicate at about 75 C. A satisfactory dis chargeof the silk gum is thus obtainable with no noticeable deleterious effect upon the cellulose acetate component in the goods.
What I claim and desire to secure by Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goodskto the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap..
2. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subprising natural silk and cellulose acetate 1 which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap. 1
4;. Process for, degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap.
5. Process for degununing materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of aliquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
6. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
7. Process for dcgumming materials comprising natural silk, which consists l]1 Sl1 l) jccting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a. strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid. and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkallne salt.
8. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate,
- which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid body and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising .a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
9. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong a ueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt 0 a monovalent inorganic base, and, subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
10. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an inorganic alkaline salt and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricino leic acid, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an inorganic alkaline salt.
11. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fat-ty acid body, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and alkali silicate.
12. Process for degumming materials comprising natural silk and cellulose acetate, which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising an alkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of a sulpho-fatty acid salt of a monovalent inorganic base, and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.
13. Process for degumming materials com.- prising natural silk and cellulose acetate which consists in subjecting the goods to the action of a liquid comprising analkali silicate and a strong aqueous solution of sodium salt of sulphoricinoleic acid and subsequently scouring the goods with a solution comprising a soap and an alkali silicate.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.
GEORGE HOLLAND ELLIS.
US72420A 1925-10-30 1925-11-30 Process of degumming Expired - Lifetime US1709662A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2606094A (en) * 1949-08-22 1952-08-05 Byrne Mazy Process of degumming bast fibers
US20020062151A1 (en) * 1999-05-14 2002-05-23 Gregory Altman Bioengineered anterior cruciate ligament
US20030100108A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2003-05-29 Altman Gregory H. Matrix for the production of tissue engineered ligaments, tendons and other tissue
US20040219659A1 (en) * 2002-04-22 2004-11-04 Altman Gregory H. Multi-dimensional strain bioreactor
US20110009960A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2011-01-13 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic fabric structure
US20110184227A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-07-28 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same
US20110224703A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2011-09-15 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic device having diagonal yarns and method of manufacturing the same
US8746014B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2014-06-10 Allergan, Inc. Method for making a knitted mesh
US20150148823A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2015-05-28 Allergan, Inc. Pliable silk medical device
US9204953B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2015-12-08 Allergan, Inc. Biocompatible surgical scaffold with varying stretch
US9326840B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2016-05-03 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2606094A (en) * 1949-08-22 1952-08-05 Byrne Mazy Process of degumming bast fibers
US20020062151A1 (en) * 1999-05-14 2002-05-23 Gregory Altman Bioengineered anterior cruciate ligament
US20110189773A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2011-08-04 Allergan, Inc. Silk fibroin fiber bundles for matrices in tissue engineering
US6902932B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2005-06-07 Tissue Regeneration, Inc. Helically organized silk fibroin fiber bundles for matrices in tissue engineering
US8623398B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2014-01-07 Allergan, Inc. Method for generating connective tissue by implanting a biodegradable silk fabric
US20050089552A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2005-04-28 Tissue Regeneration, Inc. Silk fibroin fiber bundles for matrices in tissue engineering
US8628791B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2014-01-14 Allergan, Inc. Method of forming an implantable knitted fabric comprising silk fibroin fibers
US20100256756A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2010-10-07 Allergan, Inc. Sericin extracted fabrics
US20110009960A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2011-01-13 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic fabric structure
US8633027B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2014-01-21 Allergan, Inc. Knitted biodegradable silk fabric comprising yarn promoting ingrowth of cells and methods of making
US20110167602A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2011-07-14 Allergan, Inc. Immunoneutral silk-fiber-based medical devices
US9089501B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2015-07-28 Allergan, Inc. Sericin extracted fabrics
US20030100108A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2003-05-29 Altman Gregory H. Matrix for the production of tissue engineered ligaments, tendons and other tissue
US9066884B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2015-06-30 Allergan, Inc. Sericin extracted fabrics
US20040224406A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2004-11-11 Tissue Regeneration, Inc. Immunoneutral silk-fiber-based medical devices
US8685426B2 (en) 2001-11-16 2014-04-01 Allergan, Inc. Methods for making biocompatible, implantable, substantially sericin free silk fabric
US20110171453A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2011-07-14 Allergan, Inc. Immunoneutral silk-fiber-based medical devices
US20040219659A1 (en) * 2002-04-22 2004-11-04 Altman Gregory H. Multi-dimensional strain bioreactor
US8746014B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2014-06-10 Allergan, Inc. Method for making a knitted mesh
US20150148823A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2015-05-28 Allergan, Inc. Pliable silk medical device
US20110224703A1 (en) * 2008-12-15 2011-09-15 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic device having diagonal yarns and method of manufacturing the same
US9078731B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2015-07-14 Allergan, Inc. Method for making a knitted mesh
US9204953B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2015-12-08 Allergan, Inc. Biocompatible surgical scaffold with varying stretch
US9204954B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2015-12-08 Allergan, Inc. Knitted scaffold with diagonal yarn
US9308070B2 (en) * 2008-12-15 2016-04-12 Allergan, Inc. Pliable silk medical device
US9326840B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2016-05-03 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same
US20110184227A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-07-28 Allergan, Inc. Prosthetic device and method of manufacturing the same

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