US1695619A - Acid-concentrating chamber - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 1s, 192s. 1,695,619

` O. C. TRAUTMANN ACID coNoENTRATNQ CHAMBER l Filed April 15', 1927 Vi z sheets-sneer 1V IN VEN TOR.

E Olio C. T razzimann Dec.v 18, 1928. I 1,695,619

- A o. c. TRAQTMANN i Acin CONCENTRATING CHAMBER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 0120 C Tr'antmann.

Patented Dee. is, 1928.

uNrriazDvv STATES,

l 1,695,619 PATENT OFFICE.

o'rro c. TRAUTMANN, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

I ACID-CONCENTRATING ('JHIA'MBEIEL.`

Application, ined April 15,7192?. serial No. 184,066.

rlhis invention relates. to concentrating chambers and it particularly relates to such chambers in which acids may be concentrated at a temperature higher than that of the atmosphere.r The object of the invention is to in view I, shall describe in the following a concentrating'chamber as an example of how my invention can be carried into. effect, andA for the better understanding of the same reference is had to the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 A is a. front elevation-oitl the whole chamber, a part ofthe front Wall, covering the inside parts, having been broken away so as to disclose these inside parts;

'fi o Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the heating 1chamber on the line 2-.2 of Figure 1, parts of the sidewalls having lbeen .broken away to disclose the arrangement of the in- 'dividual concentrating chambers insi'd'efthe heating chamber., Figure 3 shows 'a unit onsingle individual of the concentrating chambers which are assembled in a stair-way fashion intoa continuous chain or system;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of a modification ofthe chamber illustrated by Figure 3. Fig. 5 shows an apparatus similar to that illustrated by Figui-e 1, but having another flue arrangement.

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view in line 6-6 of Figure 5 and Figure 7 shows a partl of the lue arrangement applied in the construction illustrated by Figure 5. Like numerals denote like parts throughout the drawings. To carry my invention into effect I proceed as follows: f i

I provide a. flue or heating Achamber l() to arrange-therein the continuous chain or systcm formed by the concentrating chambers 11 (Fig. 3). The flue 10 is arranged inv an inclined position, for instance in an angle of 45 towards the ground, and is supportedby a.

frame Work of iron or other suitable material (not shown?. The bottom 12 of the flue 10, the front wa l 13 and the roof 14 are made of any suitable material, such as bricks. plates of tire clay,.bricks of silica, or-asbestos, etc. The chambers 11 arev arranged above a tire box 15 having at thetop a plate 16 with Wide perforations 17, and intermediate said top 16 and the floor 18, a bale plate 19 isarranged slightly above the gas heating arrangement 20 and approximately equidistantly from the sidewalls 21 and 22 of the flue 10. An exit 23, provided .with adamper 24 for the heating gases .is provided in the roof 14. The concentrating chamber 11 applied in the constructionof the complete arrangement is 'illustrated by Figure 3; the chamber consists of the main tube or vessel 25 having ai perpendicularly depending spigot 29, is also perpendicularly disposed towards the vessel 25, but is slightly ascending towards the spigot so as to be raised somewhat above the horizontal plane.. At the highest spot of this annex a tubulus 30 with a bell 31 is arranged Jfor the escape of vapors from the chambers. Astothe chambers 11 I wish to say that they may have the neck 26 and the annex 28 with the spigot29 arranged at the opposite ends of the Vessel 25.

I arrange such yconcentrating vessels 11, having theannex 28' alternately disposed-at opposite ends, Within the Hue 10 in such manner that I arrange a chamber 11, preferably' with its main'tube in a horizontal position, near the bottom of the `flue4 10, said chamber .11 having the annex disposed at the lefty side and arrange then above and parallel to it another chamber which has the annex at its 'r1ght.side, the spigot 29 of the same being inserted and made tight in the bell 27 of the chamber 11 at the bottom. In such alternate way I arrange then the whole chain or sysem of chambers 11 until a sufficient number of. the same are provided in the flue 10. The vessels 25 are secured within the relatively thin side walls 21 and 22 and the neck 26 withbell 27 as well as the annex 28 with spigot 29 of each of the chambers 11 are located outside of the same.

'be connected with any suitable means (not shown), such as an exhauster or the like, to create a partial vacuum for the purpose. of

sucking off the vapors generated b the heat applied to the concentrating cham er.

preheater 34 with a lip 35 and provided with a central admission pipe 36 is arranged close by the flue. A connection pipe 37 is disposed with its bell right below the lip'B and connected with its spigot to the bell of the uppermost concentration chamber 11. The .preheater is surrounded by heat insulating means, for instance the furnace 38 provided with a source of heat, for instance a gas burner 39; the waste gases are conducted off i by the connection 40 with the chimney (not shown). 4

Assuming that by way of example sulfuric acid be concentrated in the chamber, the operation of the same is carried out -follows:

The acid runs in a well regulated stream from a storage vessel (not shown) throughv its annex so that the acid is exposed for some the vessels '25 is concerned. y

ment forces the heating gases to play around time to the heat in eaehconcentrating chamber until it flows over in thenext lower chamber. It appears from Figure 2 that each vessel 25 is spaced apart from both theupper and lower adjoining chamber' for the length of the annex 28 as well as of the spigot 29 and that so an arrangement instairway fashion is brought about which is very important as far as the effect of the heat on the entire outside surface of the vessels 25 and 1f occasionally 1n the various inclina- This arrangetions, in which the flue is disposed, the heatingy gases should tend to strike more closely to the front wall 13 than is desirable, the vessels 25 can be disposed nearer the front wall 13 so as to narrow the path between the vessels 25 and said front wall 13 and to thus force the heating gases according to the law-of least resistance to ldistribute around the bottom of the vessel 25. Owing to the great heating surface of the vessels 25 in relation to the limited quantity'of acid and the stepwise travel of the acid from one pool to the next one below the evaporating effect obtained is highly satisfactory. Another factor, which helps to bring about this favorable effect is the constant removal of the vapors generated in each concentrating chamber by causing them to escape through the branch pipes 33 into the pipes 32 in which constantly a partial vacuum is maintained and furthermore by lowering to some extent the boiling point of the acid to be treated.

The arrangement described above as an example of how mynew invention canV be carried' into effect,`is very suitable for the concentration of sulfuric acid to the usual concentrations established in the trade, for in- `stance .for concentrating sulfuric acid from 50 to 660 B. v

I wish to saythat the arrangen'ient de being upwardly directed and the spigot veri tically depending for the reason thatoblique joints are not convenient in practicalv Work.

In other words, the concentrating chambers illustrated by Figure 3 may be substituted by any double bent tube having a longitudinal main part and having, if the entrance or neck should be upwardly directed, at least the end of the spi ot disposed below the horizontal plane of theowest point aforesaid longitudinal part and on one side of and distantly apart from the vertical plane of v the longitudinal axis of aforesaid part..

It isobvious that any form of an aperture V30, whenever it can b e suitably connected,

will serve thepur'poses of my invention. In.

case theannex is more or less merged in the spigot such an aperture could be suitably arranged at the highest part ofthe spigot, for instance4 near the oint with the aforesaid longitudinal part.

Aside from such changes in the form of the concentrating chambers 11 further changes in the construction and arrangement of my new acid concentrating chamber are still possible by changing the form and construction of the flue in which the single chambers are exposed to the heat. y

In the arrangement 'described above all the single concentrating chambers connected into a chain, are arranged in the sameflue commento all so that they, owing to the buoyancy of the heating gases, are practically exposed to almostv the same temperature throughout.-

This arrangement answers the purpose very well where great quantities of water have to be evaporated by a simple heating effect.A

However,in all such evaporation problems, where for the obtaining of the final product ultimately relatively small quantities of water, which adhere tenaciously tothe acid,

have'to be evaporated at high temperature, I prefer to construct the acid concentrating Ilm and connected with each other in exactly the same manner as described and illustrated above by Figures 1-2. The only, but considerable difference comes in by the constructionof the flue. Instead of arranging the single chambers 11 all in one big, wide iiue, I surround the horizontal'main part -25 ot' the chamber 11each individually 4by 'a hollow means for conducting the heating gases around it and lconnect such hollow means alternately by hollow connecting members so as to form a flue consisting of a pipe arranged in zigzag fashion and being besides disposed in 'an inclined position.

` In the arrangement illustrated by Figure 5 the main part-or horizontally disposed tube of the lowest individual chamber 11 is encased inl a fire-box or housing 41,*spaced baille plate 42 a source of heat, for instance through thev housing 41.

uper shell 45 and 46, respectively. In the headwallsthe flue 44 is provided With thek apertures 47 and 48 of slightly larger diameter than that of the maintube 25 to bearranged in said apertures 47. and 48 in and between the shells 45 and 46. In -order to connect the muflle at their alternate ends With' leach other, a certain aperture is provided in one of the side Walls near the marginaledge of the front head Wall and one the top wall or roof near the front or rear hea-d Wall. Figure 7 lllustrates such a'mullle and shows how for instance the second mutlle, counted frombelow, is connected with the housingI below and the muflle surrounding the third individual chamber 11. The housing 41 is provided with an exit 49 corresponding in size and shape to the inlet 50 ofthe muili'e 44. The size of this aperture, corresponding in shapeto the cross-section of the mutlie, is slightly larger than this Crosssection andv tapers slightly inwardly. An aperture 51 of the same size and shape is providedin't-he top or roof of the mufei44 near the head wall. 52 denotes a tubular connection member having'the rims of its en'ds slightly tapering so as to fit snugly into such apertures as 49, 50 and 51. Such a connection member 52 connects the housing 41 with the muflleabove by joining apertures 49 and' 50, and another joins the aperture 51 With the corresponding aperture 50 in the' next upper'mutlle 53 which isex'actly the same exrear head Wall and that its aperture 51 is located near the front head wall, Wherefrom it is obvious'tha't the spaced-relation of these apertures 50'an'd'51 alternately changes in the Same manner. This arrangement delscribed above and illustrated by Figures 5-7 is particularly effective in the concentration of sulfuric acid where 1t.1s necessary to de- 1 cept that its aperture is located close to the privevalready highly concentrated sulfuric acid of its last traces of waterfor it is obvious that the highest concentrated acid is supplied with the greatest heat and that the temperature ofthe heating gases decreases upwardly in the proportion as the content of water increases in the acid to finally have the lowest heat applied to the Weakest acid, therefore getting at any time and at any spot of the concentrating system a rational evaporation, both the acid and the heat passing each other in counter' current principle.

The device described aboveand illustrated by Figures 5-7 can be joined to the preheater 34 in the same way as the device described -above and illustrated by Figures 1.4. However, inasmuch as in the arrangement illustrated by Figure 5 the h eatcan be better utilized and escapes at its vupper end 54 with considerably lower temperature, consequently with reduced buoyancy, the arrangement described above and illustrated by Figures 1-4 can be used as a preheater, substituting preheater 84 because the gases of less buoyancy Will be well utilized ina big Wide Hue as 10. There may, however, be occasions Where an arrangement vice versa will be advisable. Theregul'ating or throttling-valve in the exit 54 for the heating gases `are the same as those in Fig. 1. Finally I wish to say that the preheater 34 may have any suitable form and that th'e longitudinal part of the concentrating chamber may be given any convenient sha-pe; likewise the preheater as Well as the concentrating chamber may' lbe of the' same or 'of different material, for instance besides any acid yresisting metal of fire clay'. porcelain,- and especially of fused silica, of which I preferably make both thepreheater yand the single concentrating chambers.

Many changes arising from the varying shape 'ot' the single concentrating chambers andadapting the principle of atpplying those chambers to the local needs are lett to the chemical engineer.

.' That I Claim is:

1. In. an-acid concentrating chamber'having a fire box with a source of heat and an exit for ,the heating gases, provided with regulating means, the combination comprising an inclined flue, connecting said re box and exit, a plurality of concentrating4 chambers, havinghorizontally extending tubular parts joined and arranged in s taiiwayfashion and having4 only said horizontal parts v of aforesaid horizontally disposed parts only .l

arranged in said flue so as to have the joints located outside of the same, means tor preheating the acid, means connecting aforesaid prelieating arrangement with the uppermost concentrating chamber, and an aperture in each 'concentrating chamber for the` vexit for the heating gases, provided with.

regulating means, the combination comprising a plurality of Iconcentrating chambers, having horizontally extending tubular parts joined' and arranged in stair-way fashion, a tlue,connecting said tire box and exit, having the horizontally extending parts only of said chambers arranged therein, and means for removing the vapor trom each individual concentrating chamber. p

3. In an acid concentrating chamber having a lire box with a sourceo'f heat and an exit Jfor the heating gases provided with regulating means, the combination comprising a plurality of concentrating chambers, having horizontally extending tubular parts joined and arranged in stair-way fashion, hollow means surrounding individually each of aforesaid horizontally disposed parts and being spaced4 away from the same, hollow connecting members cominunicatively Vconnecting theaoresaid hollow means at alternately located ends with each other and with aforesaid fire-box and with the exit for theI ing a tire box with a source of heat and an exit for the heating gases, provided with regulating means, the combination comprising a plurality ot concentrating chambers, having horizontally extending tubular parts joined and arranged in stairway fashion,v

hollow means surrounding individually each and being spaced away from the same, hollow connecting `memlrs communicatively connecting the' aforesaid, hollow means at,

alternately located ends with each other and with the aforesaid tire-box and with the exit forthe gases so as to form a. continuous flue.

5. In an acid concentrating chamber anindividual concentrating chamber consisting substantially of a double bent tube having a longitudinal part, the exit ot which is disposed below the entrance ,sidewardly on a diagonally opposite side of the longitudinal part. l

' 6, In an acid concentrating chamber a concentrating chamber consisting substantially of a double bent tube having a longitudinal part and having its entrance in the form of a neck terminating ,into a bell and its exit in the form of a spigot, adapted to be made tight in a bell ot a neclt disposed below on diagonally opposite sides of ,and sidewardly distantly apart from the longitudinal part. 7. In an acid concentrating chamber an in dividual concentrating chamber consisting substantially` of a double bent tube having a longitudinal part and having its entrance in the form of a neck, terminating into a bell, axially disposed in the vertical plane ot the longitudinal axis of its longitudinal part, and its exitin the form of a spigot, adapted to be made tight in a bell of a neclg, sidewardly disposed belowA the horizontal part. l 8. In an acid concentrating chamber an individual concentrating chamber consisting substantially of a double bent .tube having a longitudinal part and having its entrance in the'form lof a neck, terminating into a bell, axially disposed in the verticalplane of the longitudinal axis of its longitudinal part and its exit in the form of an annex terminating into a spigot depending therefronnthe end of the spigot being disposed below the horizontal plane of the lowest point of said longitu-dinal pait and on' one .side of and distantlyapart from aforesaid vertical plane.

9. In an acid concentrating chamber an individual concentrating chamber consisting substantially of a double bent tube having a longitudinal part and having its entrance in Athe form of a neck, terminatinginto a bell,

axially disposed in the vertical plane of the longitudinal'axis of its longitudinal part and its exit in the form of an annex terminating into and ascending towards the spigot depending therefrom, the end oi' Athe spigot being disposed below the horizontal plane oi' the lowest point of said longitudinal part and on one side of and distantly apart from aforesaid vertical plane.

` 10. In an acid concentrating chamber, a concentrating lchamber consisting substantially of a double bent tube having a longitudinal part, the exit ofwhich is disposed below the entrancesidewardly on a diagonally opposite side of the longitudinal part and has an aperture at its joint to said longitudinal part.

11. In an acid concentrating chamber an individual concentrating chamber consisting substantially of a double bent tube having a longitudinal part and having its entrance in the form of a neck terminating into a bell and itsexit in the form of a spigot, adapted to be made tight in a bell of a neck disposed \longitudinal axis of its longitudinal part and its exit in the form of a spigot, adapted to be made tight in a bell of a neck, disposed below the horizontal plane of thelowest point ofl said horizontal )art and on one side of and' distantly apart from aforesaid vertical plane,

and having an aperture at the highest point of its spigot.

13. In an acidconcentrating chamber an individual concentrating chamber, consist-v` part and its exit in the form of an annexterminating into a spigot depending therefrom,

the end of the spigot being disposed below the horizontal plane ofthe lowest point of said longitudinal part and on one side of and distantly apart from aforesaid vertical plane, I

of its annex.

14. In an acid concentrating chamber an individual concentrating chamber consisting substantially ofv a double bent tube having a longitudinal part and having its entrance in the form of a neck, terminating into a bell, axially disposed in the vertical plane of the longitudinal axis of its longitudinal part and its exit in the form'of'an annex termina-tingv into and ascending towards a spigot depending therefrom, the end of the spigot being disposed below the horizontal planeof the lowest point of said longitudinal part and on one side of and distantly apart from aforesaidvertical plane, and having an aperture at the highest point ofits annex.

In witness whereof I vhave hereunto set my name and'signature this 14th day of April,

' OTTO C. TRAUTMANN.

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