US1683773A - Antenna - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 11, 1928. v 1,683,773

A. N. GOLDSMITH ANTENNA Filed Jan. 11, 1923 2 sheds-sheet 1 I I I I l I I I I I I I I I awe/win ALFRED N. GOLDSMITH 33 his wow; m

q 1,683,773 A. N. GOLDSMITH ANTENNA Filed Jam. 11, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet =2 awuentoz ALFRED N. GOLDSWTH 3&3. his 61 0mm;

7 outwardly Patented Sept. 11, 1928.

ALFRED N. GOLDSMITH, OF MOUNT VERNON,

NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO EADTO. COB- POBA'I'ION OF AMERICA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

ANTENNA.

Application filed. January 11, 1923 Serial No. 611,942.

This invention relates to antenna: and particularly to loop antennae designed for use in dwellings in the reception of broad casted speech or music.

Under many conditions of indoor reception, as, for instance, in apartment houses, itis' much more convenient to use an indoor antenna than an outside one. tenure, by reason of the restricted space available, are generally of the loop type. Heretofore, whenever an antenna has been used in a room of a. dwelling. the dimensions of the antenna have had to be very small becauselargeloopsof known construction and arrangement are not only bulky, unsightly and easily damaged, but they also interfere with the normal use of the room. The use of a small loop, however, is very disadvantageous, because such loops are extremely poor receivers of energy and require excessive amplification in order to enable sufficiently loud signals to be obtained It is an object of this invention to provide an antenna of the loop type which may be installed within a room of a dwelling and whichwill be free from the disadvantages of such antennae as heretofore constituted. it further object of the'invention is to provide 'a 100 antenna, which is limited in size only by tile dimensions of the room, which may be readily installed and which is pleasing to the sight and very compact.

To this end, I provide a strip of flexible material'which may be run around a wall of a room in the form of a loop and to. which are attached a number of wires ex tending longitudinally of the strip andconnectecl so as to form a continuous coil or loop of large dimensions and consequently excellent receiving properties.

In accordance with a'further feature of the invention, the strip of flexible material constituting the base of the antenna struca is provided with means for facilitatattachment ofthe strip around the wall ola room. Such means may, for example. be in the form of tabs projecting from the edges of the strip.

A still sides in the combination with an, antenna comprising a-strip of flexible material and wiresextendingalong the strip of means permanently mounted around the wall of a Indoor antance of the antenna further feature of the invention reroom for supporting the strip within the room. The supporting means may conveniently be inthe form of an ornamental m olding formed'with a channel to receive the antenna and so constructed that the antenna when, in place on the molding is invisible." v v Still another-feature of the invention resides in the provision with a strip of flexible material adapted to be attached about a wall of a room and having wires arranged along the strip in substantially parallel relation, of means for connecting the ends of the wires so as to form a continuous loop capable of useas an antenna. f I

Other objects and features of the invention will appear as the description proceeds and will he pointed out in the appended claims. I

In the drawings, in whichlilte reference numerals designate like parts throughout the various views: a r

F 1 is a view in perspective of an antenna embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in transverse section along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Q

' Fig; 3 is a View in transverse section of an antenna otmodified form; 5

4 is a view in elevation of a wall of a room having the invention applied thereto;

Fig. 5 is a view invertical section along the line55 of Fig. 4;. a

Fig. '6 is a view in horizontal section substantially along the line 6-'6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of a terminal block whereby the wires on a flexible strip may be connected into a continuous spilal coil; v

Fig. 8 is a viewsimilar to Fig. showing the wires adjacent to the opposite edges of the strip disconnected from the circuit of the coil so as to reduce the induc- Fig. 9 is, a View similar to Fig. 8, but showing means for connecting the outer wires of the loop structure in parallel so as to cause the inductance. efiects of the wires to balance each other; Fig. 10 is a'view in perspective of a portion of the strip, showing tabs formed integrally therewith for facilitating attaoh ment of the strip around the wall of a room;

Fig. 11 is a View similar to Fig. 10 but.

7 but be effected by their inFigs. 1 and 2,"the strip consists of woven fabric of which the wires 12 constibe of textile material any other suitable means.

tnte the warp, and the weft or transverse threads of which serve to maintain the wir s 12 in spaced relation and of the wires. The weft of the fabric may and should be of low GlGCllltfil conductivity so as to insulate the wires from cachfother. The wires 12 may, of course, also be individually insulated.

It is recognized that the material of which the strip 10 is composed, and the manner of mounting the wires 12 on the strip may vary widely. For example, the wires 12 may be secured to one of the lateral surfaces of the strip 10 by glue,Fig. 3, or Moreover, the wires 12 may fastened in one or more layers either to a single strip as shown in Figs. 2

and'3 or to several parallel strips. de-, sired,'the wires 12 may be bundled into a strip in any other desired fashion without departing frornthe principles of the invention, so long as a construction is provided in which a number of parallel wires is mounted on a flexible supporting structure which can be run around a wall of a. room. The material into which the wires are attachedis preferably such as to be of low dielectric constant and; have small radio frequency losses.

In the practice of the invention, it is contemplated that the structure composedrof the strip 10 and the wires 12 will be manufactured in the form of continuous rolls, and that a person desiring'to construct an antenna will purchase a roll or section of a roll of a length determined bythe dimensions of the room in which he wishes to install'the antenna. In such a case, in the s'ctting'up of the antenna, means are omployed for connc'ctingthe ends of the wires two parallel rows of 12 so as to form them into a continuous spiral. coil. Suchm'eans may conveniently comprise a terminal block 14 provided with contacts 16 which may be in form of binding ends of the wires*12ma be connected. In the use' ofa terminal block, such as is shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, wherein the number of'contacts 16 in each of the rows is equal, and the corresponding contacts in the two rows are oppositely disposed, the

to prevent contact posts to which the a strip 10 may first be formed into a loop,

after which a single length of wire may be wound about the loop thus formed so as to fprovideyau antenna, the separate loops of which are arranged in substantially parallel relation along the strip and are attached thereto inany suitable manner. In such a case, the use of a terminal block such as that designated lztis not required, it being only necessary that input and output connections be provided for the ends of the wire coil. p

Manifestly, the invention may be embodied in an antenna comprising only a single turn or loop of the antenna structure, com- )osed of the hereinafter referred to as the composite strip. As shown in Fig. 1, however, an inner turn 28 and an outerturn 30 of the composite strip are employed, and it is vious that as many of such turns as are desired may be 'usec. If it is desired to-construct an antenna of greater lengththan a composite strip in the possession of the user, as, for first installed the composite strip corresponding with the dimensions of a room, increase the size dition of another I of the wires 12 of one of the turns may be connected with the ends of the wires of the other turn by means includin a terminal block 32 having two rows 0 and connections 38 between the oppositely disposed contacts of the two rows.

of the antenna by the adposts to which the connections rendered not only inconspicuousbut practically invisible. Moreover, it is possible that strip 10 and the wires l2 and and it is desired to turn of the strip, the ends.

contacts 34" Asia the case of thecontacts 16 ofthe terminal block 14, the contacts 34 of the terminal, block 32 are preferably provided in the form ends of the wires 12 of the colnexample, when an antenna is consisting of a single turn of y a pleasing color arran ement may be obtained in which some or all of the portions of the antenna are of different color from the contiguous surfaces of the room.

somerespects, it is advantageous to providemeans permanently mounted on or around a wallet a room for supporting the antenna of this invention. A referred cinbodiineiit of such'ineans is shown in'Figs. 1, 5 and ti and comprises a molding 40 composed of wood or other non-conductivematerial and formed with a channel 42 within which the Composite strip or antenna may be housed so as to be invisble. An important advantage obtained by the use of the molding 40 for supporting the antenna is that losses through the plaster or column of a room may thereby be reduced. By making the rear flange 44 of the molding of considerable thickness, losses through the wall of a room may be practically eliminated. In the event that a molding arranged around a wall of a room, as shown in Fig. 4. is employed for supporting the antenna, the terminal block 14 for connecting the endsot the wires 12 so as to form them into a continuous coil is preferably mounted on an adjacent wall of the room, a notch 16, Fig. 6, being formed in the front flange 48 of the molding through which the ends of the wires 12 may be bent outwardly for connection with the contacts 16 of the terminal block. For the sake of attractiveness of appearance, the terminal block l l may be provided with a casing 50 which matches with the front face of the molding 40 as shown in Fig. 6.

In order to facilitate the attachment of the composite strip either directly to a wall of a room or to the molding 40, the strip 10 may be provided at either or both of its edges with. outwardly projecting tabs 52, Figs. 10 and 11, adapted to receive a nail'or other suitable fastening. The tabs 52 may be formed integrally with the strip 10, as shown in the drawings, or may be attached thereto in any suitable manner. If desired, gromets 54 may be inserted in the tabs 52 to reinforce them against being torn away from the fastcnings. j

The inductance of the antenna may, if desired, be decreased by the omission fromthe terminal block 14, Fig. 8, of the outer connections 18 appearing in Figs. 1, 5 and 7 and by attaching the input and tions 24 and 26 respectirely to binding posts 16 spaced inwardly from the ends of the rows of binding posts, so. as to cutout one or more of the outer turns oi.- the wire coil. The outer turns of the wire coil which are thus cut out of the circuit of the antenna may exert injurious inductive effects. Such effects may be balanced or nullified by connecting the uncircuited,outer wires in parallel by means of connections 56 and 58 as shown in Fig. 9.

output connec- As iswvell known, an antenna of the kind shown in Fig; 1, when installed on a wall of from. a station lying ina room receives best the extended plane of such wall and receives least efiiciently from a station lying in a direction at right angles to such plane. In other words, the antenna is of the type known in the art as directional. In order to provide an antenna which will receive signals ellicientlyi'rom all directions, a composite strip 1'0',Fig. 13, made in accordance with this invention may be mounted on one wall of a room as hereinbe-fore described, and a similar strip 10 may be mounted on an adjacent wall of the room at substantially right angles to the first-mentioned strip, each of the antenna sections 10 and 10" thus formed being provided with individual input and output connections. Such an arrangement enables non-directional reception, inasmuch as the antenna section which is found to afford best signals may be connected with the receiving apparatus. In order to receive most efficiently from stations which are not located in the extended plane of either of the sections 10 and 10 of the antenna, but in a position intermediate between the planes of the sections 10 and 10", such sections, may be connected in series to form the antenna. The antenna thus formed will receive best in directions biseeting the angles betweenthe planes of the sections 10' and '10". An antenna constructed and installed as liereinbefore described, whether it is at tached directly to a wall of a room or supported on a molding such as the molding 40, shown in the accompanying drawings, will afford much better reception thana small loop antenna of the kind hereinbetore employed in dwellings.

Having described my invention, claim is:

1. A loop antenna comprising a strip of what I flexible materiahwires arranged in substantially parallel relation along the strip, means projecting outwardly from the edges of the strip for facilitating its attachment to a wall of a room, and means for connecting the ends of the wires so as to form them into a continuous, spiral coil.

2. In a' device of the class described, a-

strip of flexible material having tabs formed integrally therewith and extending outwardly from its edges for facilitating attachment of the strip to a wall of a room, wires arranged in substantially parallel relation along the strip, and means for connecting.

the ends of the wires so as to form them into a continuous coil.

3. In a device of the class described, a strip of flexible material of relatively great length and small width, wires arranged in substantially I parallel relation longitudinally of the strip and connected at their ends so as to form a continuous coil: and means for supporting the antenna withina room of a building, said means comprising a molding permanently secured about one of the walls of the room and constructed to provide (a channel within Which the strip may be housed so as to be invisible.

4. In a device of the class described, a strip of flexible material, wires arranged in substantially parallel relation along the strip, a molding arranged around one of the walls of, a room for supporting the strip within the room, a terminal block mountedon an adjacent wall of the room and comprising cont-acts with which the ends of the. wires may be connected, connections between the contacts of the terminal block arranged'to join the wires intoa continuous coil, an input wire leading to one of the contacts; of the terminal block,

from another of such contacts.

ALFRED N. GOLDSMITH.

and an output wire leading

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