US1630801A - Wall construction - Google Patents

Description

192 I 1,630,801 May 7 F.'Y. PARSONS WALL CONSTRUCTION v Filed July 31, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR;

TUTORNEV y 1927' F. YQPARSONS WALL CONS TRUCTI 0N Filed July 31. 1926 x 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. F\OYA Pa-t 6 1 May 7 F. Y. PARSONS WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed July 31. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR;

WITNESS Patent ed May 31, 1927.

rLoYD mama or masts, new JERSEY. g v 1 .wanneonsrnuc'r'rou- I p Applicationifiled J1i1y 31,.1 9 2'6. serial No. 123,130. I I

' This invention relatcs to buildinglstructures and particularly to walls thereof.

The principal underlying object is to provide a wall which shall loe strong, fire- ,proof, non-shrinking and'pad apted tobe built at a .cost which. Wlll not apprec1ably,'

if at all, exceed that of building a wall of wood, as thewalls of ordinary wooden or frame buildings. a

111 the drawings, V n

Fig. l is a perspective view showing a wall in process of construction according to invention;

Fig. 2 1s asid-e elevation, in section, of the wall in process of construction;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal-section of a wall 5 built according to the invention, vshowing the construction with respect to a corner and an opening (as for a window)- in the Wall;

Fig.

etisa vertical section on lined-4c, g V

Fig. 5; isa horizontal detail illustrating a step in the construction;

Fig. 6 is a verticalv section on line 6 6, Fig. .1; Fig; struction in the formingofan open-ing, as

for a window;.@

Fig. 7;.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section on.lii1e 8 8,

' Fig. 9- 1s a perspective .view'of a skeleton system used in accordance"with jthefiinven tion; F'g. 10 shows in end elevation a form structure including such skeleton system;

inside and outside spaced members, the spaces between them belng" adapted to receive concrete or othersuitable plastic .material. Between-each two ad o1n1ng tor-m structures sectional wall elements I are placed one upon another, theportion of the ultimate wall formed ,by these sectional wall elements extending in each instance from one to the other of the tormstructuresi'na manner to produce. with eaclilof them what 7 is an elevation showing the con.

is] 111* eli'ect a mold I or form tvvosides which are aff rdedbyysaid members'of the i tor'm structure and a third side by the said wall portiong' ln'each mold thus produced by the-two memhers' of the form structure ail'd' the saidwvall portions (or it may be one such all portion and adooror Windovvframe or the likeyfiankingsuch form 7 structure the plastic Y material is introduced.

' Ina wall built up in thisf V ther'e W result columns of the molded; plastic mate rial in alternation withithe' Wall portions composed of the sectional. wall elements.

Preferably said Wall portions will project into the open sides ojtftheterm structures and'if the elements forming them ,areeac'h ofa; size to reach from-one to the other form structure and into each the vvorlfr can prey ceedlverylrapidl'y 'andvvithout the exercise: v 'o'fany special skill, the form structuresithen afiording zineans to determine the position;

ing of I the wall elements hold" them, so

positioned until the plastic material vcan be u introdncedand it 'setslf' The columns formed j I V becomevital supporting factors. in the com-- pletedwal'l'ijn any event and'it will be noted.

"that if plastic. maternijtaving' good. ad.-

,h'ering qualityjlilie, concrete,- b f d there will be a'bond between thecolumnsand thev portions of the ,wallformed bythe sectional wan elements; furtherjif each of the said, 'wall elements is of asize'toreach from one' column to the next there will be no occasion I f for any bond of the elements directly each other (asby horizontal layersof morg tar .loetween them) because of their idescriloed union with or bondingtothe col- 11111118. Preferablythe fo1'm .structuresare.

constructed in such. a way as not onlyto adapt then'i'to their functionfin .the 'moldilig H p or forming of the columnsbut to reinforc-v I I ingthe 'c olumns;they will also usually. be constructed so as to beserviceable for other 2 purposes relating to anymeanswhichis ap plied (inside or outside) in treatment of naked wall formed as I have outlined;

These form-structures also are useful ,in; construct ng parts. of a wall wh1c h 'r-each horizontally, as the --plate, 1; across -,door ,or

window-openings, etc; This will serve for a general statementlof theinventionigAs 01k thefdetailsof the invention as hereinsliovvn f xby W y Of mp e i c nn c on ir 't ith building of. a wall'QI'f-a dwelling; I as' to the i form structureszfln the example, each comprises two opposite spaced members 1, preferably wooden strlps, ar-

ranged."inparallel planes and a skeleton system, Fig; 9 tying themtogether'so as'to retain them aga1nst spreading whent-he plastic material is introduced between them andgpreferably including parts which extend lengthwiseof .said members and in the column that is to be formed constitute the V Qchief reinforcing factors. This skeleton system may, be composed. of'cross-wires 2 f arranged atjintervalsfwith respect to any I number (as two) "of longitudinal wires 3' and ,insome way. li'xed thereto, as bending" the wires 3 around the "cross-wires, the crossfwires havmg at itheir'ends'g eyed poitions 2 formed,sayiby bending oil each end of the cross-wire in a direction perpendicularjto the common plane of the wires 2 and:

3 and then rebending to form a loop. Suitable lengths of this'i'naterial may be assembled Withthe'strips l as the form structures are required in the following, convenien'tway: A trougl1-like template'l having itssides'at right angles to each other isprov i dediand on this as shown in Fig. 11 is i plaoedone of the strips '1;.then the skeleton 7 system is superimposed upon such strip and .nails '5 are driven through its loops, 2 into the strip; an-d then the'ipartly formed form tructjureis 1' inverted as shown l in Fig '12 and rested upon the other stripfl and nailed thereto'as in the first instance.

r 'The' foundation or foundationv-4115c" be} in'g laid andthejfirst floor joists of the building being positioned thereon, "a -st-rip :8

maybena'iled on thesejoists parallel "with outer face of theffou'ndation (hand upward ly projecting dowels "9 having also 7 been first preferably set in the' foundation at suitable intervals, the form saucmresme stood up right onthefou-ndation. in register withor so as to contalnjthe dowels and also) se s to abut strip 8 which thus assists inalining them. Other such form structures10which.

' are to be usedjin forming the plate of the wall are then placed horizontally upon the upper form structures as shown in Fig, 2, and they'may be heldjin proper pos tion thereon by thebleats 111 Of course the form structures may be heldin position in a'ny'jway during the assemblin g thereof:- afterthey. have been assembled andtlie. structure' they "form has beennplumbed it may beteinp'orarily braced, as at 12 in Figs.

QE Z-and' l. .1, i Wa'll elementsil3 'are provided in'the form of slabs eachof' which in. the present exam- 7 ple, is: of a horizontal dimension somewhat greater than thefdistan'ce between two. Jadj oining 'fform structures; or; so that in order to assemble any. slab'in its intended relation ito two adj oining fforin .stiuctu.r-esit "is "necessary toenter it endwls-e between"themem bets" 1' ofTone such formfstructure' and in skewed position (Fig. #5)- and then having brought'it intoproper alinementwith the" two form structures shiftit endwise sufiif ciently to leave. both ends projecting into the formst tuctures Sectional wall. por

vtions are built up, using these slabs, between each two' adjoining" form structures as shown in Fig. 1,' eachstack of s'labsor wall. ele

ments'extending to the level where the plate spacesareileft between the inner and outer members 1 ofeach upright form structure and the two stacks of slabs which flank the tween the members 1 of the form"structure slabs.

isfto be formed; The result is that forms or- 4 latter, and these several vertical -formsf'or h spaces have as, a horizontalextension thereof at the'top the upwardly open space be I 10 and the top slabs ofthe severalfstackjsi of; 7

Of course the several stacks! stale.-

slabs are keptpositioned'by the'end's offthe slabs. projecting between themembers of a V the upright form structures. 7

At suitable stages, the comm-s a buitplastic material is introduced into theYsev-i eral forms or spaces afforded bythe upright; V

form structures and the spaced stacks-of slabs so as to producejco lumns of such ma;-

terial between the stacks of slabs and; so that an integral plate 14fK hich is integral 1011"- monolithic withthe columns; the slabs are united to and ineffectintegral with the colu unins because'at their ends if concrete or.

other suitable.adhering-material is used-they become'bonded to'the columnssjiThe skele-a ton systems-are useful 'n'otonly in holding;

the spaced members 1 definitely related to' eachother (against spreading) attlie time the plastic material is' introduced but as;

important reenforcing factorsin the ulti -l mate columns, especially with 'respectto their longitudinal members 3.

After the plate' is formed u etuaidingof the wall can continue upward. in the; same manner as before. Where the second story joists 15 rest on the plateIa'jfragment"of the corresponding slab may be 7 cut away. as shown at 16 lnFig. land,theresultmg space V .fin'ally filled with the "plastic ;1naterial as p shown at 17 in,Fig. 6;

18 suitable foruse informing a corner column. Essentlally this is the same as the form structure already describediexcept that, I 7

its spaced members are angulariinjeross sec skeleton systems j oin n'g tio'n, .18? 7 being its such members- Figs. 7 and 8 illustratehow'provision is Fig. 3 at the right shows-"a form su t ase made for-reception in the wall-of door or Wl'IlClOW' frames: Where the size of the tranieis such that a space wouldiotherwise exist-between one or more of its four sides as: at top and bottom in these figures, form structures 19- like those already described may' be applied andfilled in t withthe in the concrete columns 1% and the fillers plastic material, asat 20, :to provide the necessary. fillers. @For securing the frame inplace nails, 20 may be'left pro,- jecting therefrom so as to become embedded 20 (Figs. 8 and 7). v

1n .the wall completedasso far described the members 1fai1d 2 will project from the general faces of the walls, formed at inside and outside by the flushislabs. Whether these are retained or ripped of? later is not anatei'iali: In the present case, the inside ones willserveastturring torth'e nailing [thereto of the 'facingzmateria-lrfor the inside of the wall, as thelathing 21 carrying the plaster coating 22 (Figs. '3' and 6) 5 the outside ones may serveas means to which an Outside facing for the wall may be attached,-

or they may be removed as shown at the right in Fig. 1 and the whole outer surface then covered with stucco 28, or other finish coat (Figs. 3 and 6).

The integrity of the wall as a wholemay of course be increased by any such expedient as that shown in Fig. 5, where the lateral sides or ends of the slabs are channeled at Of course,while I have mentioned'con crete as the material for forming the columns, the plate, etc, any other cementitious material suitable for the purpose 'may be employed. In the appended claims I have used the term piers? inpreterence to columns because of its perhaps more compree hensive meanings An' advantage of my "invention is that,

since the columns are the principal loadcarrying elementso f the wall, the sectional wall portions may not only be formed of 1-elatively thin elements, as slabs, but the material composing such elements may be of an I inferior. character, as gypsum; if the columns are sufficiently strong, as by'being reinforced-and properly supported, tlie'integrity of the wall as a whole 'will'be especially complete and permanent when each sectional wall elementreaclies from one pier to .the next, regardless of whether the bonding between the sectional wall portions and'eac'h pier'is or isnot direct in char aoter due to the; adhesion of thecementitious Y spaces between the members of 'thosepairs 1 Of course itis notindispensable that the material of the piers to said, wall portion;

' sectional wall elements remain in the wall as permanent constituents thereof; when they have served their purpose in .connection'with the forming of thenintegralskeleton struc i J ture that results from the molding and set-I ting of the cementitious-,materialthey may,

if re'quirediu some cases, be removed and they mayv for thiswpurpose have an'y'formlor construction-1lending itself to their ready removal without disturbing suchj skeleton 1 structure. 7 1

In the example shown and described, where the-Wallis a wallof;,a'---building, the walland joists; 15 maybe interlocked as by driving nails or sp'ike'sQet (Fig. '1) laterally into theends of the joists and-so as to pro,-

sject sufliciently to: extend intothe spacesot f 'tlieadjacent form structures, so that when the concrete isintroduced it willembed such nails or spikes EWlllCllWlllfhGll serve as d'evices tying the joists and wall skeleton to getherw 1 1. Inthe constructing of a wall, the here iiidescrib'ed method -.,w-hi1chconsists in first 'fixing pairs/0t oppor'ed elongated form mem here in upright position at intervals from pairare spaced apart and'opposed to an upright plane common to the several pairs, '7 then stacking-in each interval wall elements,

each of a thickness approximately to fit be.-

tween the members of and each of a length less than the center-to-center distance beinent projects-into both of the'spaces befianksuchlinterval and is spaced froni each next adjoining stack, and'introducing 'cem- I -entitious material intoi eachspace formed 1 between adjoining stacks on the one hand and the members of one such pair on the tweenthe pairs'fianking but exceeding the 1 width of such interval, so that eachwallele i I tween the members ofthose pairs which. i a

other and thereby forming in such space a pier bonded to such adjoining stacks.

upright position at intervals from each other T along the line of the wall to be constructed and, so that said members. in each'pai'r are;

opposed to an uprightplanecommonto the I several pairs, then stacking in each interval j v 1 wall elements, each of ath ckness VZIPPFOXI- each of a length less than the distance bep r mately to fit between the members ofrand;

tween-said re-enforces of theflpairs flanking f v such intervalbut exceeding the distance be-f tween themembers ofsuch 'pairs, so that each wall element projects into both'of the wl ich'fiank such interval, and introducing cementitious material into each space formed between ad oining' stacks on the one hand each other along the line of the Wall to be 9 7 constructed and so that said members in each and the members of one such pairion 1the' jier' bonded to such ad'oi'nin stacks and V V b containingsaid're-enforcement. 1 3. In the constrnctlng of a Wall, the here- .indescribed method consisting in placing pairs of upright form members at an 1nter val from' each other along the line of the wall to be constructed and so that the' members of each pair form a mold spa'ce open 'at'a' side thereof facing lengthwise of'the U all, placing a third pair of form members 7 I p mold space betweenthem open-toward said in traversing relation to the interval between said'pairsof form members and so that the members of such" third pair form a -mold space between them in communication ith the first-name'd'mold spaces, placing sec- 'ti'onal Wall elements in positlon to close'off i the, first-named mold spaces at theirsaid open sides, and introducing cementitious material into, all three mold spaces and thereby forming a pairofpiers and'an ele- 'm'ent connecting them all monolithicst-ructure.

constituting a indescribed method consisting. in 1 placing 1 pairs of upright form members at an'interr val fr'om'each other along" the line *of the :Wftl]. to be construct-edsand so that the mem bers of eachpair form amold space openr at the side thereof t'acingthe'other'pair of members placing a third pair of form nemhers in traversing relation to: the interval Q between said pairsoffform members an d so t that the members of suchthirdpair forma p v interval and in communication with the fir'st- T troducing. mentitions' material into all three mold spaces and thereby forming "a named 'mold spaces, placing. sectional Wall 1 elements in position to close oii all three e, i mold spaces at their. sa d. open s1d'es,'and,1n-; Y r

pair of piers and an element connecting them all constituting a monolithic structure."

In testimony whereoflaifix my signature. V

FLoYn rrAnsonsu f

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