US1598924A - Paper-coating machine - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 7 1926.

C. W. MAYER PAPER COATING MACHINE.

F ed Oct. 2l

wimym MAPQAU-QW ATTORNEY Sept. 7 1926.

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INVENTOR ATTORNEY C. W. MAYER Sept. 7 1926.

PAPER COATING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Oct. 21, 1920 INVENTOR Charles W Mayer BY H-MM ATTORNEY WiTnesses Maw mkiw Patented Sept. 7, 1926.

CHARLES W. MAYER, OI ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

YAIPER-OOATING macnmn Application filed October 21, 1920. Serial No. 418,519.

The object of this invention is to. provide a new and improved machine for coating and drying gummed paper.

This and other ob ects of the invention will be fully illustrated in the drawings, de-

scribed in the specification and pointed out i in the claims at the end thereof.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete 10 machine.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the left hand end of the machine shownin Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of the vacuum box over which the belt and paper travel.

Fig. 4 is a detail view on alarge scale of the intermediate part of the machine shown in Fig. 1. v i

Fig. 5 is a detail view on a large scale of the right hand end of the machine shownin Fig. 1. 1

Fig. 6 is a detail view of the cutting board for severing the paper web after it is coated.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the air .heating apparatus at the left hand end of the machine as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the steam heated drum at the left hand end of the machine as shown in Fig. 1.

an Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the coating rollers and the parts immediately associated therewith, the parts being partly broken away.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation ofthe gearing as for driving the parts shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 10 with the frame removed.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section thru the frame of the machine on the line 12"-12" of Fig. 1.

Fig. 13 is anenlarged detail view of the portion of the machine to the left of the section line 12"12" of Fig. 1.

Fig.14 is a detail view of the clutch used in rewinding the paper.

Fig. 15 is a detail view of one of the chilling rollers provided with an air vent in the end thereof near the periphery.

In the drawings, like reference numerals indicate like parts.

In the drawings, reference numeral '1 indicates the machine having the blower casing 2, the steam heating casing 3, and the shell 4, enclosing the mechanism and paper to be coated. The shell 4, at the intermediate part of the machine, is supported by the -Which the air will pass thru the fan and frames 5 and 6, which are connected by the shell 4.

At the left hand end of the machine are provlded a fan and fan casing 2, whichis shown In Figs. 1, 2 and 7. The fan is driven by a pulley 7 and blows a blast of air nto the steam heating casing 3, which casing contains a series of coils 8 which are heated by steam, thru which the blast of air passes on 1ts way to the paper which has been coated. The heating of the air by the coils 8 increases its capacity to absorb moisture or dry the paper. It will also be understood that the air which is drawn thru the fan may first be passed thru the cooling chamber which will lower its temperature and cause the precipitation of moisture from the air, thus drying it out and increasng 1ts capacity to absorb moisture, after the heating coil, which will raise its temperature and increase its tendency to absorb moisture and dry the paper.

. The paper to be coated is supplied from a roll 9, carried at the right hand end of 30 the machine and supported in suitable bearlugs 10. The paper passes from this roll to the path controlling the idle rolls 11 and 12, shown in Figs. 9 and 11, and thence to the coating roll 13. This coating roll is partially immersed in a pan 14 in which is carried the dope that is to be applied to the paper. This dopepan -is carried on inclined guides 15. By moving it along these guides, the dope pan canbe raised and lowered so 2 as to increase or decrease the immersion of the roller 13 in the dope or keep it uniform or remove the dope from the roller altogether. The dope pan is provided with the rack 16, which meshes with the .pinion 17, by which the dope pan is moved up and down along the guides.

A similar rack bar, guide and pinion are used'on the opposite side of'the machine, both pinions being driven by the shaft 18 so that ..the parts move up and down evenly on both sides.

The idlers 11 and 12 are moved on bearings carried on a bracket 19 in which is mounted to slide the rack 20, the upright 19 being channel shaped to guide the rack 20 in its movement. Carried on the upright 19 is the shaft 21 having pinions thereon that engage with the racks 20 and by which they are raised and lowered.- It g will be understood that similar rack-bar,

a bracket 23. This bracket makes a threaded engagement with the feed screw 24, by which it may be moved laterally along the bar 22 and held in position thereon.

On this bracket 23 depends a rod 25 having a bracket 26 on thebottom thereof, WhlCl'l bracket supports a segmental plate 27 that bears on the coating roller 13 for a purpose that will presently appear. The coating roller 13 has trunnions 28 thereon and runs in bearings 29. The roller 13 is positively driven so that its peripheral velocity is less than the velocity of the paper web coated thereby. The roller 13 always puts an excess of coating on the paper and the excess is removed by the equalizer that will presently be described.

ness, the excess coating being returned therea by to the dope pan: The edge of the paper is left uncoated, if desired, by the salvage guard or segmental plate 27, which is provided to keep the edge of the paper web out of contact with the dope roller. This guard 27 consists of a curved plate which is bent to fit closely against the dope roller. The lower end is turned up so that it does not make'contact with the roller and the dope, therefore, has no opportunity or tendency to climb on top of the plate but passes to the side of the plate. The top of the plate is thereby kept clean and free from dope so that as the edge of the web passes over the plate, it will remain uncoated while the intermediate part of the web between the two The dope pan 14 has a false or hollow plates will receive the coating.

bottom 30 in which steam can be circulated to keep the glue or dope at the right temperature and steam is provided thru the pipes 31 and 32, which are provided with sliding connections with. the dope pan The sliding connections consists of smalf pipes 33 and 34 which slide over or telescope the large pipes 31 and 32, the pipes 33 and 34 moving with the pan and the pipes 31 and 32 remaining stationary.

Back of the dope roller 13 is provided the equalizer35 which consists of a wire wound rod suitably supported for the paper to pass thereover, the rod being suchas is described in my prior Patent No. 1,043,021, the rod being wound with wires of different diameters according to the thickness of the coating that is desired, a winding of large wire being used for a heavy coating and a winding of small wire being used for a thin coating. This bar 35 is positively rotated in the direction of the movement of the paper web, but at a much slower rate. is to prevent foreign, substances from lodging on the equalizing bar and causing streaks of the coating as the turning of the bar permits such substances to pass onto the paper. It also makes the bar wear uniformly all around. The angular velocity of the equalizing bar 35 and the dope roller 13 will be about the same. The equalizing bar is supported on a hollow shell 36 which is su stantially oval shape in cross section and has a groove at its upper edge that is adapted to receive and support the equalizing This- It will also be understood that the dope roller 13 is hollow and is steam heated just as is the dope pan and the support for the equalizing bar. 1

After the paper leaves the equalizing bar, it passes under the idle roller 41 and thence over the drum 42 which is of large diameter and is suitably heated by steam or in any other desired way. The construction of the drum and the inlet and outlet pipes therefor is shown in Fig. 8. The drum is provided with the hollow bearing 43 at one end which is mounted to rotate in a support 44. Keyed to the bearing 43 is a gear 45 driven by a gearing 46, 47, 48, etc., as will presently be described. The end of the hollow bearing 43 extends in a stuffing box 49, thru which stuffing box there is an inlet pipe 50 and the drain pipe 51. The inlet pipe 50 discharges into the opening in the stuffing box, which opening continues thru the hollow bearing 43 so that the steam can enter the drum. The drain pipe 51 has its end downturned as indicated at 52 so that the water of condensation will be discharged thru the drain pipe as fast as it accumulates.

The drum 42 is made with concave ends so that the ends will best resist pressure and is made with the manhole 53 thru which the drum can be reached on the inside, if necessary, in straightening out dents, etc.

After the paper leaves the drum 42, it passes over and is carried by a belt 54 made preferably of felt, which belt is driven by the rollers 55 and 56, the roller 55 being driven by the gear 57, which 'in turn is vwhich is driven b chain 64 and this in turn drives the sprocket wheel 65 and chain 66 fora purpose that will presently a pear. The belt 54 passes over a vacuum box 67 in which a partial vacuum is maintained which causes the belt to be drawn down thereon and also causes the paper web to be drawn down so that the traction of the belt 54 is added to the traction of the drum in drawing the paper. The beltis supported by rollers 68 and 69.

After the paper leaves the belt it passes over the stationary drum 7 0, which is wedge shape and at the end of which is provided a roller 71, which roller is supported from a bracket 72 as ap ears in Fig. 4. The roller 71 is' of sma diameter and causes the coating on the paper to stretch or break as it passes over it sothat the paper will curl less or will lie flat when finished. 1 Various sizes of rollers may be used to suit. the character of the product. The drum ma be broader or narrower next to the rol er to correspond to the diameter thereof. In this respect, the roller 71 supplements the drum 70 which also presents convex surfaces to the paper over which the paper .travels with the coating on the outside.

This stretches the coatingas it dries so that when it is dry, the paper has little or no tendency to curl. The drum is supported from brackets or lugs 73 and 74, which are carried on the frame 6 and are fastened to the side of the drum, leaving the top and bottom surfaces of the drum unobstructed for the travel of the paper. After the paper traverses the roller 71, it passes back under the drum 70, keeping in contact therewith and asses over the roller 75. The roller 75 is a raft roller and by it the aper is drawn over the stationary drum. ntil the paper reaches the roller 7 5, the back or uncoated side of the paper alone is used for the purpose of su porting the paper, but when the paper reac ,es the roller 75,- it must bend in the opposite direction and the coated side of the aper will, therefore, come in contact wit the roller. The drum 42 and the drum 70 are steam heated and the paper -makes contact therewith thru a large part of its path of travel. The drum 7 Ois made wide at one end and narrow at the other end as viewed from the side so that the.

paper will be more readily held in contact therewith as it travels from the drum 42 to the roller, 75 over the contact surfaces paper isexposed 'to rollers 75 and 77 and the back 0 the paper is exposed to the roller 76. All three of these'rollers act as draft rollers. These rollers are kept cool by the. circulation of water or in any other desired waysothat the coating of the aper is chilled thereby and annealed, it eing understood that the paper approaches the roller 75 in a heated or super-heated condi-' tion so as to quicken the dr ing of the coating. The paper is bent bac and forth over the feed rollers 75, 76, 77, causing the coating to stretched and thus taking as much as possible of the shrink and the curl out of the paper. After the paper leaves the roll 77, it passes over the idle roller 78 and under the'idle roll 79 and then over the edges of the trough 80 into which it is depressed by the roller 81, thence under the roller 82 and over the roller 83 and thence between the calendering rollers 84'and 85, by which pressure is applied thereto, and thence to the idle deflecting rollers 86 and 87, by which the paper is deflected to eithe of the rewind rollers 88 and 89.

The lower calender roll is mounted in fixed bearings and is driven by the chain 90.

The chain 90 is driven by the sprocket97,

which sprocket is keyed to the shaft 98. On the same shaft are ke ed small sprockets which are engaged by t e chains 66, 100 and 101. The chain 66 drivesthe shaft 98 and the shaft 98 in turn drives the chains 90, 100 and 101. The chain 100 drives the sprocket 102 which carries a pinion 102, which drives the pinion 103. The pinion 103 drives the coating roller 13.

The\ chain 101 drives the sprocket 71, which in turn drives the roller at the end of the drum 70, over which the paper passes in moving from the top to the bottom of the drum. 7

Between the calendering rolls, 84 and 85 and the guide mile 86 and 87 is placed the cutting table 105. The table is rigidly mounted. The table has a slot therein 107. The paper web passes over this table .to the roll 88 or 89.. A lever 109 carries a saw toothed knife 108, which engages with the table and by which the paper is severed. The lever 109 is wide enough to fillthe slot and is counter-balanced by a weight to normally hold it in elevated position. This cutting apparatus is used-when one of the reloaded with a fresh roll.

wind shafts is wound fu l and it is desired to start to wind the paper on the other shaft.

WVhen the paper is wound on the lower draft roll 89, it passes under the idle roller 110, which is provided for thatpurpose.

T'wo supply rollers or shafts are regularly rovided, which rollers, 9 and 111, are shown in Fig. 1. The roller 9 is mounted on a frame 112. On this frame is carried a treadle 113, which 0 erates a lever 114, which lever carries a ife 115 on the end thereof. When the paper is nearly drawn offfrom the suppl shaft, the machine is slowed down and t e loose end of the web.

of the roll 111 ispasted on the roll 9 and the paper web of the roll 111 is started thru the machine thereby. The operator then presses the treadle 115 down with his foot. This raises the knife 115 forcibly against the roll 9 and cuts the paper web. The remnant of roll 9 and the shaft 10 are then removed from the frame and the roll 111 is moved to the frame 112 in the following manner:

he roll 111 is carried on a s indle 116 which is carried in a pair of slid mg brackets 117. These brackets can be raised and lowered by means of chains 118, which are wound up on a windlass119 by means of a pinion 120 driven by a worm gear 121 which in turn is driven by a handle 122.

The roller is moved forward and back as follows: i

The frame of the machine is provided with two channel irons 123, 123, 1n which engage trolley wheels 124, which Wheels are carried on a frame 125 on which the windlass and brackets 117 are mounted. On top of the channels is provided a rack which is engaged by a pinion 126 on the shaft 127, which shaft is turned by a hand wheel 128,

.which shaft is mounted to rotate on the frame 125. By turning the hand wheel 128 the roll lll'is carried forward and itcan also be raised. as above explained until the spindle 116 is over the hearings in the frame 112. The spindle is then lowered and the brackets 117 pass inside of the bearings on the frame 112 and deposit the spindle 116 in place in the bearings, after which the frame 125 can be withdrawn and The spindle 116 extends beyond the brackets 117 so as to engage with bearings on the frame 112 in this manner. This makes it possible to feed from successive rolls of paper without stopping the machine.

To provide for driving the rolls 88 and 89, the clutch shown in Fig. 14 is used. In this clutch the disc 129 is provided keyed to the shaft and the disc 130 is provided mounted to rotate loosely on the shaft. The disc 130 is driven by the sprocket chain 90. The disc 129 is pressed against the disc 130 by the spring 131 and lever 132. The lever 132 is set up by the screw 133 to regulate the tension while the machine is in motion, which throws a suitable pressure on the sprin 131 and in this way the two discs are yieldmgly held together permitting the slipping of the disc 130 on the disc 129. As the lineal ve locity of the aper is constant, the angular velocity will minish as the size of the roll increases and this will cause the slipping of the clutch to increase.

The air blast caused by the fan in the casing 2 is heated in the casing 3 and comes in contact with the paper on the drum 42. The blast then follows thru the conduit 4 passing oyer the coated side of the paper web. At the end the conduit turns in a half circle so as to blow the heated air against the under side of the drum and the coated side of the paper exposed therebelow. In this way, the drying of the paper is quickened. The top of the conduit is hinged as indicated at 4 4 and 4 so that the top can be raised in sections, giving access to the interior when it is necessary to thread the pa er thru the machine. A door 3 is provic ed on the side opposite to the gears, by which access is given to the forward side of the cylinder 42 for the same purpose.

It will be noted that the apparatus for handling and drying the paper is grouped as follows o The paper leaves the stock roller 9 and travels over or serpentines around two controlling idle rollers 11 and 12, which rollers are arranged preferably in vertical alignment, one above the other. These idlers can be quickly raised up for the purpose of elevating the paper from the coating roll and equalizer and scrapers when it is necessary to stop the machine or before the machine is started when it is necessary to first draw the paper thru the machine on its entire course. When the machine is started. the controlling rolls 11 and 12 are lowered to bring the paper into contact with the coating roll. It is necessary to separate the paper from the coating roll quickly. in case of breakage or short ends or the machine is stopped for any other reason, as otherwise the paper would fasten itself to the coating roll and tear. The serpentine idlers also act as a guide for the paper and make it travel evenly and without vibration. i

The equalizer evens the coat that has been put on the paper and removes the excess therefrom. From the equalizer the paper travels under the roll 41 which is raised or lowered to the correct position to secure even and steady travel of the paper over the equalizer and regulate the pressure of the paper thereon.

After leaving the idler 41, the paper passes with a long span to the steam heated rotating drum 42. This span is semi-heated .or in a neutral zone and in a horizontal position, allowing the coating on the surface to set evenly and tightly against the paper. While passing thru this zone, the coating begins to dry and the first hardening and drying effeet is secured before the coated paper is brou ht into contact with the cylinder 42, which is highly heated. The cylinder 42 has a true periphery and the drum is located so that the coated face of the paper is subjected to the strong current of heated air. The drum dries the pa or on the back and the heiated air dries t e paper on the coated s1 e.

An opening is provided between the drum and the bottom of the casing so that a current of heated air is allowed to travel back war-d under the paper toward the equalizer, which air assists in settin and drying the coating as it moves toward the drum.

The paper at the top of the machine, after it leaves the drum 42, travels backward in a housing thru which hot air is forced above the drum. The air that passes thru the housing first makes contact with the coated "paper on the cylinder and then flows overv the the ousing. supported y er material. At the left hand end-the belt passes over a. suction box which'is erforated and in which the vacuum is pro uced. The suction pulls the paper down on the belt, causing it to adhere thereto so that the web travels at a. uniform speed. After the paper leaves the endless belt 54, it passes onto the stationary drum 7 0 which is steam heated. Between this drum and the revolving drum 42 is a zone thru which the paper passes, which is heated by hot air only, which allows the temperature of the web ,to remain stationary and causes the gummed or glue coatcdrsurface of the paper to toughen. Thereafter, it is a second time subjected to super-heating on the drum 70,-Which drum is stationary and is curved with slightly convex cross section so that the paper in traveling overthis drum is fully in contact with it thruout, both on the u per and lower surfaces of the drum. This rum can be heated to a high de ree and will not burn or scorch the paper ecause' the paper is drawn swiftly over its surface. The convex surfaces of this drum stretches the paper plaper web at the top of the machine thru In this housing, the paper is both longitudinally and transversely in the direction opposite from that in which the paper is naturally inclined to curl up so that the paper, after passing thereover, will lie flat after the coating is dried and the paper is cut into sheets.

At the outer end of the drum 7 O, the driving roll 71 is provided to ositively drive the paper as it passes around the end of the drum. The hot air housing on top of the machine has an elbow return bend at the an endless belt of felt or 0th;

rearend bywhich the blast of hot air is deflected underneath the returning web of paper toward the front end, and toward the first chilling roll. v

After leaving the stationary drum 70, the paper is suspended in air and is exposed to air on both sides by which the drying is continued and the cooling and hardening of the coating is begun. The paper then passes thru the chilling rolls, of which three are shown, located immediately back of the large, rotating cylinder. These rolls are located in the vertical plane and the paper passes around them in a serpentine path. There rolls are also draft rolls that re late the traveling speed of the paper and gives it continuous motion and even speed. These cylinders absorb the surplus heat from the web of paper and by the sudden elimination of the heat and the bending of the paper forward and back, make the coated surface of the web flexible. From the chilling rollers the paper travels backward over aseries ofidlers 78, 79, 81 and 82, two of which operate a stationary device which comprises two bars 81 and 82 with right angle corners that are formed by the edges of the trough 80, over which the aper passes with the .eoa'ted side up. This pair of idlers bend the paper down over the square edges of the bars, the coated surface being up and the uncoated surface being down. The coating on the paper is minutely broken up and the web. is stretched on the under side, thereby increasing the flexibility .of the "paper and further eliminating the tendency of the paper to curl. Between these idlers and the chilling rollers a large area of the paper is exposed to the air on both sides by which it is further tempered and hardened.

.flhe paper then travels over an idler to brlng it in line with the cutting attachment and thence to the rewind roll.

The arrangement of the machine is such that the paper is coated and dried and the coating put in proper condition in a comparatively small space and the large and expensive festooning' arrangement heretofore used for the manufacture of papers coated with gumor glue or varnish or other coat ing requiring the evaporation of moisture, is eliminated. The floor space heretofore required for machines of this sort is greatly reduced and the entire operation .of coating and drying the possible space.

In Fig. 15 I have shown an air vent in the end of one of the chilling rollers near the periphery thereof. For this purpose, the end of the roller is provided with an opening in which is threaded a sleeve 1'50, this sleeve having a small opening 151 in the bottom thereof. Inside of the sleeve is threaded a pin 152 which has a cone shaped end which closes the opening 151. The inpaper is confined to the least v0f the stationa ner end of the pin is of reduced diameter so as to leave a clearance between it and the inner end of the sleeve, forming an air chamber therein. The pin is provided with an opening 153 thru which the air can pass from the air chamber to the surrounding atmosphere. The pin 152 has a slotted 1 which it may be turned in or out with a screw driver. Both the sleeve and the head of the pin lie flush with the end of the roller so that there is no projecting parts with which the operator might come into contact, I claim: 1. In a coatin machine, the combination of a rotating rum, a stationary drum, means for heating said drums from the inside, means for drawing coated paper over said drums and drying the coating on said paper, and means for directing a current of air on the paper as it moves over said drums. 2. In a coating machine, the combination of a stationary drum having convex sides on the top and bottom thereof, a roller mounted on the end of said drum to turn the paper from one side of the drum to the other, said roller being of small diameter to stretch or break the coating of the paper as it passes over it.

3. In a coating machine, a rotating drum, a stationary drum, a shell enclosing both drums providing an air passage above said drums.

4. In a coating machine, a rotating drum,

, a stationary drum, a shell enclosing both drums providing an air passage above said drums, said shell extending around the end of the stationary drum deflecting the air from the top under the bottom of the drum.

5. In a coating machine, a rotating drum, a stationary drum, a shell enclosing both drums providing an air passage above said drums, said shell extendin around the end drum deflecting the air from the top un er the bottom of the drum, andhin'ged sections in the top of said shell.

6. In a coating machine, the combination ead by of paper in one direction, a vacuum box.un-

der the belt, said box with its partial vacuum drawing the belt and paper down and increasing the traction of the belt on the paper.

8. In a coating machine, a stationary drum, under which the paper web passes, a series of three rolls arranged with horizon tal axes in a vertical series, said rolls having I a wide gap between them and the drum.

9. In a coating machine, a stationary drum, under which the paper web passes, a series of three rolls arranged with horizontal axes in a vertical series, said rolls having a wide gap between them and the drum, said rolls being positively driven and drawing the paper web over and between and under them in a serpentine path.

' 10. Ina coating machine, a hollow roller having an air vent in the end thereof near the periphery, means for opening and closing said .vent, said means lying flush with the end of the roller.

11. In a coating machine, a chilling roller having an air vent in the end thereof, said air vent comprising a sleeve having an opening in the bottom thereof, a pin threaded in said sleeve having an end engaging with and closing the opening in the bottom of the sleeve, the inner end of said pin being of reduced diameter forming an air chamber with the sleeve, an opening thru said pin connecting said air chamber with the surrounding atmosphere, a slot in the head of said pin.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

CHARLES W. MAYER.

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