US1571931A - Collapsible drill bit - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 9, 1926'.

W. L. CHURCH COLLAPSIBLE DRILL BIT 4 Sheets-Sheet l I l I i I I l ir jircrg gg h v Filed Jan. 9, 1923 0 r4 J7 m 7 M mm. Z7 8 z \hO H 1| /4 w -H g L\\\ xxx Feb. 9 1926.

W. L. CHURCH coLLAPsIBLE DRILL BIT Filed Jan. 9, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 m -.1 Feb. 9, 1926. UNITED STA TES' PATEN -Lo wAI.'rnn.L. cannon, or war oommnra', arms.

FFICE.

COLLAPSIBLE maria. m.

Application filed January 9, 1923. Serial 1T0. 611,633.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, WALTER L. CI IUBCH, citizen of the United States, residing at West Columbia, in the county of Brazor -a and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Collapslble- -Drill Bits, of. whichthe following is a specireaming side cutters, if desired, and includes means through which. said side cutters or reamers may be expanded when the bit 1s attached to the drill stem, and may be contracted when it is desired to detach the bit from the stem.

With the above and other objects 1n view the invention has particular relationto certainnovel features of construction, operation, and arrangement of parts, an example of whichis given in this spec ficat1on, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein I Figure .1 is a'vertical sectional view of th r end of said bit. 1 igure 2 is a side view of the lower .end

of the bit'shown partly in section.

' Fi re 3 is a vertical sectional view of the comp ete device.

Figure .4 is a transverse sectlonal view taken on the line 44 of Figure 2.

Figure'5 is a transverse sectional view taken on. the line 55 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 shows a side elevation partly in section of the lower end of the bit, showin employed.

abrading conical shaped rollers employe Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of the lower end of the device, showing a core barrel for taking samples of the formation, Figure 8 is aside view of a fishing tool Figure 9 is a transverse sectional View thereoftaken on the line 99 of Figure 8 Figu're 10 shows a transverse sectional view taken on the line 10-10 of Fi re 8. In the'd'rawings the numeral 1 designates thedrill stem whichis rotated 'from the ground surface by means of a suitable tachment 01f; a cable thereto for tary, the numeral 2 designates a drill collar whose upper end is threaded ontothe lower end of the drill ipe. The numeral 3 desig nates an expan er, of an elongated cylindrical form. Near the upper end of this expander it has-an annular shoulder i forming a seat, for a gasket: 5 which sup orts a cup ring 6. This cup ring is he ed in position by means of a look nut 7 which is threaded onto the. expander 3 thus forming a plunger. -The expander has a central channel 8 extending from the, upper end through it to its lower end and rior of" the drill stem. The lower end of the ex ande'r works in a deep socket 10 of the tu ular shank 11 to the lower end of which a drill bit, as 12, or a core takin barrel as 13, may be attached. Thisshan also has a central channel: 14 to permit the beneath said plunger there are the lateral ducts 9, 9 to i admit water into said channel from the intepassageof water downwardly to the bottom of the bore. The upper, end of the shank -11 s enlarged forming an annular shoulder 15 adapted to contact against and rest on an internal annular shoulder 1'6-of the I drill collar'2 to ternal shoulder 16 the collarhas threads as 17. The expander has a plurality, preferably three, of downwardly'conver ng dove tailed grooves as'18 in'which locking jaws 19 are mounted to slide. The outerfaces of these jaws have mutilated threads adapt ed to mesh with the-threads 17 Near the lower end of'the socket 10 the shank 11 has side slots 20 through whichcutters 21 work, said cutters bemg pivote in said slots at their upper ends.

the reamin' These reamin cutters may be blade like in form, as s own in Figures 3 and- 4, or

ma carry the frusto conical shaped cutting rol ers 22, as illustrated in Fi' re 6. a

The bit is let down throng the stem by I prevent the same from passing through said collar and above said inmeans of a" grappling tool, illustrated inv Figures? .Qgand 10 said tool bein ui with a Sllififible rope socket 23 f oi th z lowering.

and elevating the same. The bit is lowered 1 until the shoulder 15 rests u n. the'shoulder v 4 16, asshown in Figure 1',t 's-willstop the downward movement of the shank 11, but j the rope socket 23'will move on the dogs 25, 25 e 5 under the internal annular rim 26 o, t e engagingfslips 27. I

, downwardly through thelupper end'of the barrel 2A until An upward pull 011 the cable will elevate said slips in the barrel and permit them to expand and release the expander, thus permitting the withdrawal of the grappling tool.

In order to lock the bit securely, in position preparatory to drilling water is forced, under pressure, down through the drill stem forcing the plunger, carried by the upper end of the expander downwardly, thus forcing said expander downwardly operating to expand the jaws 19 and engaging the threads thereof with the threads 17 of the drill collar 2. it being noted that these are left hand threads. The downward movement of the expander also 0 rates to, force the cutters 21, 21 outwar ly into position to enlarge the bore formed by the bit 12.

In order to unlock and remove the bit from the drill stem the rope socket is again lowered down through said stem until the slips 27 engage over the upper end of the expander an upward pull on the expander draws the jaws 19 inwardly disengaging them from the drill collar 2. When in upper position the expander is withdrawn from between the reaming cutters 21 permitting them to swing inwardly so as to readily pass upwardly through the drill collar. It is to be notexl that the jaws 19 work through suitable radial slots 28 cut through the shank 11.

The ordinary fish tail bit, as illustrated in Figure 2, may be used for drilling in soft formation. In piercing rock or other hard strata the cutting rollers, illustrated in Figure 6 will be employed. For the purpose of taking a sample of the formation a core barrel, as illustrated in Figure 7 may be used; but in all cases the same means of locking the drilling tool in the drill collar 2 may be employed.

hat I claim is 1. In a drilling a paratus, the combination of a rotary tu ular driving member having a threaded section, a detachable shank, a boring tool carried by the lower end of the shank, an expander movable within said shank, and an engaging member having a slidable connection with said expander and actuated thereby into intermesh- 1n enga ement with said section to lock said shan with said driving member.

2. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotary tubular drivin member, a detachable shank, a boring too carried by the lower end of the shank, an expander movable Within the shank, radially movable jaws having a dove tail connection with the expander and actuated thereb said jaws working through the shank an being effective to connect the same to, and disconnect it from said driving member.

3. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotary tubular driving member, 9.

detachable shank, a boring tool carried by the shank, an expandermovable in said shank, interlocking means operatively connected with said expander and adapted to be actuated thereby to lock said shank with, and release it from, said driving member, said interlocking means and shank being formed with threads, adapted to inter-mesh when said elements are in interlocking position.

4'. In a drilling apparatus, the c0mbination of a rotary tubular driving member, a detachable shank, a boring tool carried by the shank, an expander movable in said shank, interlocking means operatively connected with said expander and adapted to be actuated thereby into interlocking relation with the driving member, or into released position relative thereto to lock said shank with, and release it from, said driving member, said interlocking means operate ing also to prevent detachment of the shank from the expander, lateral reamers radially movable in and connected to said shank, said expander being effective to expand the reamers when said shank is in locked position.

5. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotary tubular driving member, a detachable shank, a boring tool carried by the shank, an expander movable in said shank, interlocking means working radially through the shank and operatively connected with said expander and adapted to be actuated thereby to lock said shank with, 1 and release it from, said driving member,

a plunger working in the driving member and connected to said expander through which the expander may be actuated by fluid pressure to force said interlocking means into engagement with the driving member.

6. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotary tubular driving member,

a detachable shank, a boring tool carried by the shank, an expander movable in said shank, radially movable interlocking means operatively connected with said expander and working through the shank and adapted to be actuated thereby to lock said shank 1 with, and release it from, said driving member, radially movable reamers carried by the shank, a plunger working in the driving member and connected to said expander through which the expander may be ac tuated by fluid pressure to force said interlocking means into engagement with the driving member, and to wedge between and expand said reamers.

7. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotary tubular driving member,

a detachable shank, a boring tool carried by the lower end of the shank, an expander movable within said shank, interlocking means movable radially through the shank and in operative connection with said expander and actuated thereby to interlock the shankinto threaded engagement with,

and release it from said driving member,.

. driving member, a plunger working in the driving member and connected to the expander through which said expander may be actuated by fluid pressure to force said interlocking means into engagement with the driving member.

9. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a rotary tubular driving member, a detachable shank associated therewith, a boring tool carried by the lower end of the shank, an expander movable within said shank, interlocking means working through the shank and in operative connection with said expander and adapted to be actuated thereby into threaded engagement with the driving member to lock said shank with said drivin member, a plunger working in the driving member and connected to the expanderthrough which said expander may be actuated by fluid pressure to'force said interlocking means into engagement with the driving member, means for releasing said interlocking means, lateral reamers radially movable in and connected to the shank, said expander being adapted to wedge between, and thereby become effective to expand said reamers when the shank is locked with the driving member.

10. In a drilling apparatus the combina-' .tion of a rotary tubular driving member,

formed with internal abutments, a detachable shank associated therewith, a boring tool carried by the lower end of the shank, lateral reamers radially movable in, and

connected to the shank, an expander movable within said shank and having a water' course therethrough, interlocking means formed with external abutments and working through said shank and in operative connection with said expander and actuated thereby to lock said shank with said driving member said expander simultaneously wedgingbetween and expanding. said ream,- ers.

' 11. In a drilling apparatus the combination, of a rotary tubular driving member having internal threads, a detachable shank associated therewith, a boring tool carried ,by the lower end of the shank, lateral reamers radially movable in, and connected to the shank, an e ander movable within said shank, interlocking meansformed with internal threads. and working through said -shank and in operative connection with said expander and actuated thereby to cause said threads to inter-mesh to lock said shank with said driving member, said expander simultaneously wedging between and expanding said reamers.

12. A. drilling apparatus including a tubular driving member, a detachable shank associated therewith and formed with aradial bearing, an ex ander movable vwithin the shank, a jaw ra ially movable in said bearing, said jaw being connected to the expander so as to move radially as the expander is moved longitudinall in the shank, the outer ,face. of the jaw an the opposing inner wall of the rotar member being formed with left hand t reads which intermesh when the aw is in its outer position to lock the ,s ank with the driving member. 7 v a In testimony whereof- I have signed my name to this s ification,

ALTER L, CHURCH.

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