US1416919A - Building block - Google Patents

Description

J. A. WICKSON.

BUILDING BLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1921- mm mm Patented May 23, m2.

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BUILDING BLOCK. v I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. l2 -192I=. 1 4m. 919. Patented May 23, W22.

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and useful Blocks. of which the following is a speclfica- BUILDING BLUCK- talents.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pmtqgnt j lw 23 392 application filed September 12, 1921. aerial No. &99,887.

To all whom it may cancer-n:

Be it known that I, John at. VVIoKso a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Victoria, in the Province of British Columbia, Canada, have invented certain new Improvements in Building tion.

This invention relates to a hollow building block preferably made from terracotta or the like. The improvements are dilected to a form of block that may conveniently be applied to effectively bond together in a wall, whether it is of single or multiple block thickness, and that the core spaces will be vertically disposed and registering, affordin facility for reinforcement of the 7 wall wlth uninterrupted columns of concrete filling certain of the core spaces.

It is also an important feature of the block that whether built in a wall of single of multiple block thickness, there is no direct communication between the outer and inner faces of the-wall, but'thateach connection between the faces will be directly insulated by an ample air space.

The wall cavities being vertical provide for ventilation. and thus condensation of I moisture 'ontheir inner surfaces is avoided.

They also aflord facility for the conduction of service wires or pipes throughout the building.

The invention is fully described in the following specification, reference being made to the drawings by which it is accompanied, in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan showing from left to right the evolution of the block from its primary or simple form.

, Fig. 2 is a face elevation of the same to an.

- Fig. 4: is a cross sectionof a block on the line it-4L in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 shows in perspective the application of the block to a wall of'single hlocl: thickness.

Fig. 6 is a similar view of'a multiple blocl;

wall showing the introduction of reinforcing wires and the manner ofsupporting the flooringjoints. 1 r

Fig. 7 an isometric view of a block relation to one another and effectivel are showing grooves connecting the core spaces which are cement filled.

Figures 8 and 9 are detailed views of modifications hereinafter referred to.

In its simplest elements the building block consists of two integral portions 2 and 3 forming opposite faces of the block, the length of the exposed face of 3 being double that of 2 and projects an equal distance beyond itat each end. The portions 2 and 3 are alike in depth and thickness and their bedding faces are in the same plane.

The longer portion 3 of this elementary form of block, as shown to the left in Fig. 1. has *two core spaces 7 through its depth, wluch'spaces are separated by a cross partition at the midlength of the block, and the shorter portion 2 has a similar core space 7.

These core spaces are tins staggered in )revent the percolation of moisture dlre ctly through the material of the block from one face of it to the other, as the end walls of the shorter portion 2 are directly opposite the HIIYSPMEGS 7 of the :longer portion 3, and the cross partition bet-tween the air spaces 7 of the longer portion 3 are immediately opposite the air space 7 of the shorter portion 2.

Further. when the blocks are built in a wall, the end walls of the longer portion 3 are immediately opposite the air spaces 7 of the longer portion 3 of the contiguous blocks on each side.

Another important feature of this construction lies in the fact that when the blocks are coursed in-a wall and the ends break joint with one another, the several core spaces 7 will register with one another to satisfy the several desired re uirements, as setforth in the preamble to t is specification.

lVhile the description so far is of the primary or elementary form of block, in the preferred form set forth toward the right of Fig. 1. portions 4 are removed from each end of 2 and 3 within the exposed faces, leaving projections 5 to maintain outwardly the full length of these faces,'so thatwhen the blocks laced end to end with the shorter or hea or face 2 of one in the planev of the longer or stretcher faces of the contiguous blocks, cavities t a are revealed between the ends of theaadjacent blocks.

To enable these cavities t t to he maintained throu h the adjacent courses, where the middle of the superposed block is bonded t I to provide a more effective hold for the reinforcing concreteand a dove-tailed vertical Over the ends of the block beneath; the core spaces 7 in the'longer portion 3 are shortened and a core space 6 is carried between them throu h the depth of the block in the middle of the longer portion 3 of the same, whichcore s ace corresponds in len h and breadthto t e space 4 4 revealed etween "the ends of adjacent blocks. The spaces 4 4 and 6 of the several courses will thus register with one another throughout the height of the wall, without impairin the vertical registration of the s aces 7 be ore referred to.

With this bloc walls .of single or of multiple block thickness may be built andas the .15

core spaces 4 4 and 6 are in vertical. align- 'ment, these spaces may be filled with cement .or cement concrete as the work proceeds 'which'filling serves not only to securely bond and key the blocks together, but also reinforces the strength of the wall. Metal reinforc'ement13 may concrete which is filled into these core spaces to 'f urtherincrease the strength where such Us is considered desirable or necessary.

Ashoulder 14 is provided in each corner where the portion '2 is joined to 3 to maintain the blocksain correct position endwise, where, as in Fig. 6, a multiple block wall renders it necessary for the shorter portion f one block to be introduced between the shorter portions of adjacent blocks.

' Along the medial line of the block in both bedding faces thereof, a groove 8 is formed,

which roove is filled with cement while the Wallis eing built, thereby ensuring a more effective bond between the adjacent blocks and their reinforcing columns 'of concrete in 4 4 and fi. Along these grooves 8 a reinforcing wire 8 (Figure 4) of metal may be carried ,where'such extra reinforcement is con- .sid'ered necessary.

. The core'spaces 4"4 .and'6 may also be coni nected bygrooves or channels 15 intowhich the. cement will flow as the core spaces are 'belngffilled; I

- pointin groove 9" may formed along the lower. e go of theouter faces of 2 and 3 to receiva pointing cement where the outer face of the 'wallis not tobe-stuccoed.

Wherethe wall is" to be stuccoed or'plasltered theouter faces of 2 and 3 may'hav'e V r ically disposed recesses fectively retain the same.

The end walls of the portions 2 and have similar vertically disposed recesses 11 recess 12m ay be'provided on the back faces of the portion 3, which recesses will register with those'of the adjacent blocks, and being filled with cement as the work proceeds will bond the blocks against endwise movement I apart.

The form of the block not onlylends itself to the construction of a strong nd well also be imbedded in the 10. to more efwhich are toward one face'of'the bonded wall of any desired thickness and one which may be reinforced by both concrete and metal and that without the use of skilled labour, but the form has a most important advanta eous feature in the fact that there is no dlrect connection between the outer and inner faces of the wall, through which moisture may percolate. Whether the wall is of single or multiple thickness an ample air space or air spacesare interposed between every cross wall connection.

The form is one that is favourable to y in cement or cement concrete.

The block is particularly applicable to the construction of silos by virtue not only of the sufiicient air space for keeping the interiorcool but on account of its effective bond and the facility for its reinforcement.

The outer faces of 2 and 3 may be con vexly-or concavely curved see Figure 8, or

may be angularly sloped without departing from the essential features of the invention see Figure 9.

Having now particularly described my invention, I hereby declare that what I claim as newand desire to be protected in by Letters Patent, is: p

1. A building block the ends of which are half-lapped in vertical planes and having end shoulders "the lap extensions of bot ends being toward the same face of the block, ,each end of each lap extension and each end shoulder having portions removed within the outer faces of the blocks that will form recesses between the ends of adjacent blocks, and that portion of the block on which are the lap extensions having in its midlength a core space through its depth, the dimenl sions of which correspond with those of the recesses formed between the ends of adjacent blocks.

2. A building block, each end of which is formed as a half-lap invertical planes and.

rovided with end shoulders between the Bedding faces of the block, the la extensions ofboth ends being toward t e same face of the block, the body of each block having core spaces through its de th those look being staggered in relation to that of the other,. and both bedding faces of the block having a lengthwise groove from end to end which rooves are in connection with certain of t e' core spaces.v

ieieeie 3. A building bloch the ends of which are half-lapped in vertical planes and provided with end shoulders, the lap extensions of both ends being toward the same face of the block, each end of each lap extension and each end shoulder having portions removed within the outer faces of the blocks that will connect with the medial core space and with the ends of the block.

t. A building block, each end of which is formed as a half-lap in vertical lanes between the bedd faces of the lock, the lap extension of lboth ends being toward the same face of the block, the body of each block having core spaces through its depth,

the core spaces which are toward one face of the block being staggered in relation to that of the other, the faces of the end overlaps having vertically disposed recesses which connect with one or other of the core spaces.

5. A building block, the ends of which are half-lapped in vertical planes the lap extensions of looth. ends being toward the same face of the block, each end of each lap extension and each end shoulder having portions removed within the outer faces of the blocks that will form recesses between the ends of adjacent blocks, and that portion of the block on which are the lap extensions having in its midlength a core space through its depth, the dimensions of which correspond with those of the recesses formed be- JUHN A. W CSU N.

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