US1368604A - Lock-washer - Google Patents

Description

H. J. CARMODY.

LOCK WASHER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. I9, 1920.

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- 'ro 'mvrne MGMEEKAN, ,OFBBOOKLYN, NEW YORK.

LOCK-WASHER.

Be it 'known that I, HAROLD a citizenof the United States, residing in Washers, of which the following is a jfull,

Brooklyn Manor, in the county ofQueens and State of New York, have invented cer.-.

tain new and useful Improvements inLockQ clear, and concise description.

- My invention relates to lock Washers, of the type used for preventing nuts and bolt heads from turning back-wardly, after once i being jammed in position.

More particularly stated, I- seek to produce a lock washer simple in form and adapted to be manufactured easily and. cheaply, yet having great strength and durability, coupled with'the quality of obtainingand holding a very tenacious grip. I also seek to givethe lock washer a suitable form to adapt it for preventing the escape of oil used for lubricating the lock washerand parts adjacent thereto.

\ F i'gure'l is a plan view of azform of'my Reference is made to the accompanying drawing forming a partof this specification,-

and in which like reference characters in dicate like parts throughout the several figures.

I improved lock washer.

i Fig. 2 is a side elevatlonot the same.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of still another form of my device.

Fig. 4; is 2. S1d6 elevation of the same. Fig. 5. is a section indicating the manner in which my improved lock washer is used.

In each of, the several different forms of my invention, I construct the lock washer of a single, integral member of hard and tough'- metal, preferably steel, and in so doing I provide theloclr washer with an unbroken annulus, or supporting portion oi ring-like form, which carries .the other part of the washer. The annulus is not provided with any slot'crossing it, or in other words,

is not severed or otherwise mutilated in such manner as to render it anything else than a complete and unbroken ring. It thus has a maximum of mechanical strength, and is moreover adapted to prevent the escape of lubricating oil, as hereinafter described. In some instances I use more than one annulus, as hereinafter described.

In the term shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the annulus appears at 17 and is bounded in part by slots 18, each of arcuate form;

J. CARMODY,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patnted Feb, 15, 1921,- Application filed January 1a, 1920. Serial No. 352,541.

Integral with the annulus 17 are a number ofsprmg pawls 20, .21, provided with sharp points 22, 23., each spring pawl 20 being separated -from a spring pawl 21' immediatelyadjacent, a V-slot 19 as shown more particularly in Fig. 1. The. spring pawls the washer. These points 22 and 23 have each, by virtue of its form, a marked tendency to spring slightly inward or toward the geometrical c'ent'er'of thelock washer, when the point is taking its bite-in the surfaceof' the member with which the lock washer'is in engagement.- ,This is because the chisellike point tends to drift spirally inward to.

a slight extent while it is-making its cut.

nmaorn a. cannery, or BROOKLYN MANOR, NEW Yonir, ASSIGNOR or one-HALF This improves the locking action of the device, and prevents the defect, commonly foundin lock washers, of the spring pawl I-moving outwardly from the center.

- In the form of my -device shown. in Figs.

3 and 4 the outer annulus appears at 34 and 'aninner annulus is shown at 35; Thewasher isprovided with a number of radially disposed slots 36, each ofarcuate-form and par- I tially bounding the annulus 35. The washer is furthenprovided with relatively short slots 37 ,38, each of arcuate form and partially bounding the annulus 34. The numher of slots 37, 38-is double the number of slots 36, but the number of slots 36 may be varied, the number of slots 37, 38 being also varied accordingly The washer is provided with spring pawls 39, 40, having such or ti-shaped members 41 extending radially inward as shown in Fig. 3. Each ii-shaped portion iii is separated from the end por-' formation as to cause them to bend inwardly in biting, as above described with reference tions of the spring pawis 39, &0 immediately adjacent, by a pair of slots 42, e3.

1%. bolt s shown at at, in Fig. 5, and is provided with a threaded. portion 45. Revelubly fitted upon this bolt is a nut 46.

This bolt extends through my improved its loci: washer 12, and also through a pair of plates 4?, 48 cr other metallic members to be clamped and held hy aid. oi the bolt. The

bolt 44 is encircled by a cylindrical passage 49 through the members 47, 48-or in other words the bolt extends loosely through a hole in these members. I

This cylindrical passage 49 may be utilized, if desired, for the purpose of holding a lubricant for the bolt, lock washer and nut.

escape.

time, and has a tendency to leave the parts 20.

In this connection I call attentionto the fact that nomatter which form of my lock washer be employed it has a tendency to prevent the escape of the lubricant used as just described. This is because in any given form of my lock washer there is at least one annulus completely encircling the bolt 44,

and having no hole, slot, passage or mutilation of any kind acting as an open doorway through which the lubricant can make its Hence the lubricant lasts along fairly well lubricated after almost any length of time.

'- The operation of my device may be readily understood from'the foregoing description. The bolt 44 and plates or other members 47, 48 being arranged as shown in Fig. 5 or 1n any other conventional'manner, 'the locking washer is slipped over the threaded portlon 45 of the bolt, and the nut 46 is fitted upon this threaded portion of the bolt and turned until it jams tightly against the v lock washer, and jams the lock washer tightly against the adjacent plate 48. This done the lock washer is unable to turn backwardly in relation to the plate 48, and the nut 46 cannot readily be turned backwardly in relation to the lock washer.

Wlth any particular form of my lock washer thereis always-one annulus, and in some instances more than one annulus, used for bracing and strengthening the spring pawls, and also for preventing the escape of the lubricant if a lubricant be employed. Each annulus thus used has "a maximum of strength, as above pointed out, because of the fact that the annulus is unbroken in the general direction in which it extends.

Moreover in the form of my device shownin Flgs. 1 and 2 and in Figs. 3 and 4 the chisel-like points of the spring pawls, in -biting into the surface of the nut and other member to be engaged thereby have a slight tendency to bend inwardly or toward the geometrical center of the washer as above described, to the small extent permitted by the bracing actiongof the single annulus if a single annulus be used, or of the two an- 1 nuli if such be employed.

improved lock washer is well adapted for use in connection with bolts employed tice-are distributed all around the bolt, so

thatanytendency of any particular pawl to bend the bolt out of its normal position is offset by a contrary tendency of some other pawl. N

I do not limit myself to the precise construction shown, as variations may be made therefrom withoutdeparting from my in" vention, the scope of which is coextensive with my claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent is as follows:

1 A lock washer comprising an annulus which is unbroken in the general circular direction in which it extends, said annulus having a plurality of spring pawls integral with it, each spring pawl being provided with a cutting edge which is inclined inwardly in relation to the adjacent peripheral edge of the annulus, so as to give the end of the spring pawl the formof a comparatively sharppoint.

'2. A look washer comprising an inner annulus and an outer annulus, and a plurality of spring pawlsintegral with said inner annulus and said outer annulus, each of said spring pawls being provided with a cutting edge extending in a direction oblique to the portion of the inner annulus imediately adjacent thereto, in order to form a cutting member having a relatively sharp point.

3. A lock washer comprising an inner an-,

nulus which is unbroken in the general circular direction in which it extends, an outer annulus which is also unbroken in the general direction in which itextends, and a plurality of spring pawls integral with said inner annulus and with said outer annulus andintegral therewith, each spring pawl be-' ing provided with a cutting edge extending ins a direction oblique to the portion of the inner annulus immediately adjacent thereto, in order to forma cutting member having a relatively sharp point.

H'AR-OLD J. CARMODY.

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