US1341478A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

W. 0. PLATT AND J. BEIDY.

INTERNALCOMBUSTIQN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1 2. 1919.

Patented May 25, 1920.

WI TN ESSES axis horizontal and within which recipro UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILBER 0.5 PLAT'I' AND JOHN REID, or OIL crrY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS T JOSEPH REID GAs ENGINE coMPANY, or 01:. CITY, PENNSYLVANIA, A JOINT- STOGK COMPANY.

' INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented May 25, 1920.

Application filed February 12, 1919. Serial No. 276,597.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILBER O. PLATT and JOHN REID, citizens of the United States, both residing at Oil City, county of Venango, State of Pennsylvania, have 1nvented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more especially to those types of internal combustion engines in which fluid fuels are vaporized within the cylinder. The primary object of our invention is to provide improved means for vaporizing fluid fuels without breaking down the structure of such fuels as oils and the like. Toward the attainment of this object, our invention contemplates suitable means for distributing such a fuel evenly over a centrally disposed surface and thus improving the conditions under which it is vaporizedl Another object of the invention is to increase the durability of the cylinder parts by equalizing the temperatures in the zone of vaporization which produces a more uniform explosion and less deteriorating effects at particular points. Other objects of invention will appear in the specification, reference being had to the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is an axial section of a gas and oil engine showing the cylinder provided with a head adaptingQt to be operated as a gas engine, I

F ig. 2 is a similar section of the engine with the oil vaporizing head in position;

' Fig. 3'is an inside elevation of the fluid vaporizing head;

Fig. 4 is a section of a modified construction of cylinder head which is more especially adapted for engine cylinders of large diameter. A

On the drawings, our invention 1s shown in an adaptation to a gas andoil engine in which the cylinder 1 is arranged with its cates a piston 2. At one end, said cylinder is provided with a frame or; socket 3 which is adapted to receive a cylinderhead 4 (see Fig. '1) which is provided wlth a plain flat inwardly presented wall and a chamber 5 for cooling fluid which passes through pipes 6 and 7 or a cylinder head 8 (see F 1g. 2) which is provided with an inclined wall 9. The inwardly presented face of the wall 9 is broken by a series of grooves or chann .farther from the wall 9 than the one next above. The crowns or edges of the ridges 11 thus constitute elements in an imaginary surface which is inclined "downwardly toward the piston 2. A packing ring 12 may be interposed between the cylinder socket 3 and cylinder head 4 or 8. A downwardly presented fluid fuel sprayer orprojector 13 is arranged 1n the upper wall of cylinder 1. Accord ng to Fig. 4, a cylinder head 14 for large sized engines, preferably has its in wardly presented wall 15 curved from top to bottom as well as from one side to the other which imparts a downwardly bowed as well as a transversely curved to the els 16 and the ridges 17. The advantages accruing from this invention will be understood from the following: The approximately semicircular corrugations or grooves impart a cross section to the ridges such that the mass of metal increases from the crownsor edges of said ridges toward the main body portion of the head. This provides an increasing heat d t ing capacity as the zones of heat recede of heat on the 'crowns or edges, Thus while,

all vaporizing portions of the head are not of the same temperature, the difference of temperature at different points is much less than would be the case with ordinary ribs but greater than it would be in a plain head without ribs or corrugations. As the oil or fuel is projected against the ribs and sides of the corrugations or grooves, it is spread quite evenly over the entire surface of the central zone of the cylinder head and in the best possible condition forvaporization. This result is enhancedby the forward inclination of the inwardly presented wall of the cylinder head. When in operation, the oil or fuel largely reaches thethinnest portions of the ridges, the va- 1 porlzation being-immediate and tending to perature is equalized and an even vaporizatlon secured for producing a uniform explosion with a minimum production of free This action has been found m carbon.

practice to secure an eflicient vaporization without the excessive production of free carbonwhich results from breaking up the fuel into its constituent elements which usually occurs when it is projected against the overheated ribs. In this connection, it is to be remembered that the complete operations of injection, distribution, vaporization, and explosion, are accomplished in from one fortieth to one fiftieth of a second. It will be readily seen that an improve-. ment in the heat distribution improves the durability as well as'eificiency since the rapidly recurring expansion and contraction lays the deteriorating effects on the cylinder head. This construction has been foundto be of high efliciency in that the fuel is instantaneously converted into a vapor of uniform structure.

We claim: j

1. In an'internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head provided with grooves or channels extending inwardly and downwardly with respect to the axis of said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, and means for delivering fuel into said grooves or channels.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head provided with grooves -or channels extending inwardly and downwardly with respect to the axis of said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, and means for delivering fuel into said grooves or channels, the inner wall of said cylinder head having a general inclination downwardly toward the piston.

3. In aninternal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head provided with an inwardly presented wall with corrugations extending in-- wardly and downwardly with respect to the axis'of said cylinder, a piston reciprocable injsaid cylinder, and means for projecting fuel into said corrugations.

. 4:. Inan internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head provided with ridges forming grooves or corrugations extending transversely of the inner wall thereof, said ridges beingthickerat the base than'along their cr'ownedges, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder toward and away from said cylinder head, and means for discharging fuel into said grooves.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head provided with ridges forming grooves or corrugations extending transi versely of the inner wall thereof, said ridges effects are rendered less violent and thus defvertical plane through the axis of said cylbeing thicker at the base than along their crown edges, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder toward and away from said cylinder head, and means for discharging fuel into said grooves, said ridges extending downwardly and inwardly with respect to a vertical plane through the axis of saidcylinder.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head provided with ridges forming ,grooves or corrugations extending transversely of the inner wall thereof, said ridges being thicker at the base than along their crown edges, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder'toward and away from said cylinder head, and means for discharging. fuel into said grooves, said ridges extending I downwardly and inwardly with respect to a vertical plane through .the axis of said cylinder the inwardly projecting crowns of saidridges being arranged in a surface inclined-downwardly toward said piston.

7. In an internal combustionengine, the combination with a cylinder having a cylinder head provided with ridges forming grooves or corrugations extending trans-- versely of the inner wall thereof, said ridges being thicker at the base than along their crown edges, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder toward and away from said cylinder head,'and means'for discharging fuel into said grooves, said ridges extending .downwardly and inwardly with respect to a inder, the inwardly projecting crowns of said ridges being arranged in a surface inclined downwardly .toward said piston, the lowermost ridge overhanging the cylindrical wall of said cylinder.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a horizontal cylinder ins eluding a cylinder head, of a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, said cylinder head being provided withgrooves or corrugations which form ridges extending from side to side of the cylinder, said ridges from top to bottom rotruding progressively farther from sai cylinderhead, and means'for proj ecting fluid fuel into said grooves or corrugation's.

9. In an internal combustion engine,.the combination with a horizontal cylinder ineluding a cylinder head, of a'piston reciprocable in said cylinder, said cylinder head be- 1 ing provlded with grooves or corrugations which form ridges extending from side to side of the cylinder, said ridges from top to bottom protruding progressively farther from said cylinder head, and means for projecting fluid fuel into said grooves or corrugations, said ridges being curved down wardly from either side toward the vertical axial plane of said cylinder.

10. A replaceable head for the cylinders 18 an inwardly presented Wall with arcuately curved grooves or corrugations extending 10 from side to side to form ridges which project successively farther from said Wall from top to bottom of said cylinder head.

WILBER O. PLATT. JOHN REID.

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