US1255852A - Gas-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

IVI. E. BENGTSON.

GAS TuvRBpNE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-8,1916.

PeeentedFeb. 12

,1918. 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

.IVI` E. BENGTSON.

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8, Isle.

Patented Feb. 12, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

meeeee.,

Specification of Lettera Patent.

Patented Febo 12, 191%..

Application filed September 8, 1916. Serial No. 119,070.

To all lwhom zt may concern.' v

Be it known that I, MARTIN E, BENorsoN, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Gas- Turbines; and I do. hereby declare the following to be a ful1, clear, and exact descripy sor.

tion of the invention, such as will enable others Skilled in the art to which it apperf tains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in gas turbines and -the principal object of the invention is' to provide a turbine in which the explosive charge is compressed by means of a rotary compres- Another object of the invention is to prov1de a gas turbine having a plurality of ex'- ploslon chambers open at opposite ends which are closed by the turbine wheel and compressor so as to insure the compressing" of the charge within the device Still another object of the invention is to provide a water cooled motor of the rotary type having its explosion chamber completely water jacketed so as to avoid the possibilitv of the parts swelling and sticking.

With these and other objects in View the invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts which will be fully set forth in Vthe following specification an accompanying drawings, in which igure. 1 is a side view in elevation of a turbine constructed in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through Fig. l. y

ig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on line 4 4 of Fig. 2, and

. Fig. 5 is a transverse, sectional view on line 5-'-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view powe.-` rotor taken on the line showing the V-shaped .vanes through the 6-6 of Fig. 5 in detail.

Referringto the drawingthe numeral 1 designates the base of the device upon which the same is supported. The turbine comprises three separate shell members 2, 3 and 4; which are respectively known as the eX- lng now to the detail description of each of the members we will first take up the de-` scription of the member designated by the numeral 2.

The member2 comprises a wall 5 formed with a central outwardly extending hollow boss 6 which is preferably externally screw threaded at its outer end to support the cap 7. l A central bore 8 extends through the body 5 and communicates with the opening in @le boss 6 and at the lpoint where the opening 8 andthe central opening of said boss joins is formed the use of which will appear as the description proceeds. Formed at the vouter edge of the body 5 is a curved wall 10 which curves inwardly as at l1 and is provided at its extreme inner edge with a flange 12, the use of which will be more fully hereinafter described. The wall 5 and the curved portions 10 and 1l thereof are formed with a chamber 13 forming the water jacket for the exhaust side of the motor. In order to provide a means to let the exhaust gases escape, a suitable exhaust port 14 is formed in the plate or body 5 as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

assing now to the description of the central section designated by the numeral 3, the numerals 15-a11d 16 designate respectively the outlet and intake rings of the member. These rings are connected at their inner and outer edges by the walls 17 and the outer faces of the rings are machined off so as to form smooth Surfaces against which the rotors run. Formed within the annular Chamber formed by the rings 15 and 1G and the walls 17 are suitable Walls 18 forming tapered explosion chambers 19 the reduced ends of which are disposed toward the exhaust chamber. Suitable tapered walls 20 joinrthe walls 18 at their reduced end and Hare outwardly toward the exhal st charnber as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The endvof the chamber 19 opposite the reduced end opens into the intake chamber in which the com'- pression rotor to be more fully hereinafter described is operable. Extending radially inwardly from the outer walls 17 is a plurality of hollow bosses 21 the inner ends of which communicate with the chambers 19 ,and these bosses are internally screw threaded to receive the spark plugs 22 bv means Y before described. Formed centrally of the of which the compressed gases witliln the explosion chambers 19 are red. It w1ll lthus be seen that when a charge is compressed within the explosion chamber the spark plug thereof is tired so that the spark Jumps between its electrodes and ignites the charge thereby exploding the same and driving the burnt gases out through the passage 20 into the exhaust'v chamber, first passing the same through the vanes of the rotor.

Passing now to the description of the intake end of the device the same consists of the wall or body 23 provided at its periphery with the circular wall 24 which is in turn formed with a flange 25 which coperates with lthe attaching flanges 26 of the central member. It will be understood that two of these attaching anges are provided on the central member and one of the same coperates with the flange 12 while the opposite coperates with the flange 25 hereinbody or wall 23 is an outwardly extending hollow boss 27 provided with screw threads at its outer end by means of which the cap 28 is attached thereto. An annular row of openings 29 is formed in the body or wall 23 and surrounds the boss 27 to provide inlet ports by means of which the air and gases are admitted to the intake chamber. A suitable bore 30 extends through thewall 23 and communicates with the opening in the boss 27 and at the point where the bore of the boss and the bore 30 join is formed a seat 31 which corresponds with the seat or bearing 9 of the wall 2. i

Seated on the seats 9 and 31 are the spherical bodies 32 provided with the axial bores 33 which pass therethrough and are adapted to receive opposite ends of the shaft 34 on which the rotors are mounted. Suitable compression coil springs 35 cbear against the caps 7 and 28 and the inner ends of said u springs bear against the spherical bodies 32 to hold the 4same {irmly against their seat. It will thus be seen that a pair of self-oiling bearings are provided for the drive shaft 34 of the device.

Passing now to the description of the compressor rotor the numeral 36 designates the hub thereof which is formed integrally at the center of the disk 37 forming the body of the rotor. This disk or body is provided with the inlet ports or openings. 38 which are arranged in annular series near its periphery, and intermediate the' ports are formed the radiating ribs 39 which form the fan blades by means of which the inrushing gas is com ressed in the explosion It will thus be seen that when the compressing rotor is operated the same will have the eHect of a centrifugal fan blower and the iluidsdrawn in through the opening 42 will be expelled through the openings 38 and into the explosion chambers.

After the explosion takes place in the explosion chamber the gases pass between the vanes of the power rotor which is designated generally by the numeral 43. This rotor comprises the hub 44 having an annular iange 45 formed at its periphery which flange is formed at spaced intervals with openings 46 in which the vanes 47 are formed. These vanes are V-shaped as illustrated in Fig. 2, and it will be seen that the exploding gases passing through the passage 20 will be directed against the walls of the vanes, thereby setting the device in motion.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that in use the device must first be startedV Upon the firil'ig of the gases it will be evident that the ertain expansion thereof will exert a pressure against the vanes 47, thereby setting the motor in operation under its own power. It will then be evident that the prime mover may be disconnected and lthe motor allowed to run without further assistance. f Y

While in the foregoing there has been shown and described the preferred embodiment of this invention, it is to be understood that such changes maybe made in the combination and arrangement of parts as will fall within the spirit and scope of the.

appended claim.

Vhat is claimed is:

In a device of the class described, a wall forming an intake chamber, said wall being provided with an annular series of openings near its center, a bearing mounted centrally of the wall, walls at the opposite end of the first mentioned wall forming a plurality of annularly disposed explosion chambers, a wall forming an exhaust chamber `on the i side opposite the intake chamber, a bearin centrally of the last mentioned wall, a sha rotatable in the bearings, the last named wall having an exhaust port therein, a.l compression rotor mounted on the shaft Within the intake chamber, a guard wall within the intake chamber mounted in close 'proximity to the compressionrotor, means to draw in the explosive charge from the intake chamber and force thesame intothe explosion chambers, the saidv rotor having a plurality of intake openings formed between the ribs whereby the charge admitted to the explosion chamber will' be compressed, an operatin staggered relation to the openings in the ing rotor mounted on the opposite end of compression rotor. El@ the shaftv and running against the opposite in fstimon whereof I aix my signature side of the explosion chambers, said rotor in presence of two witnesses. 5 being.;l provided with an' annular series of 'n MARTIN E. BENG'JFSON.

openmgs, and a plurality of vanes in the Witnesses: openings against which the exploded gases THEonoRn F. DWIGHT, impinge, the said openings being arranged ARTHUR A. BETH.,

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