US1150439A - Water-still. - Google Patents

Description

A. P. LINK.

WATER STILL. APPLICATION FILED APR.1, 1914. gQ, Patented Aug. l?, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Il? V611 tor:

A. P. LINK.

, WATER STILL.

BPPLICATON F'ILED APR. Il, |914. lpflAQ Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

am 02 M In Ventolalu Amy an susanne rnrnnr enrich ADOLF 1?. LINK, BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

WATER-serian.

lSpecification of Letters ilatent. Patented Aug., 117, 119115.

Application filed April 11, 1914. Serial No. 831,204.

y tain new and useful Improvements in Water-Stills, of which the following isa speciication.

My invention relates to water. stills ofthe type in which water is converted into steam in a vaporizing receptacle, such as a boiler,

and the vsteam is thence conducted to suitable condensin means. y

In most `instances Water contains matter which, when the water is converted into steam form, is present as deleterious volatile gases, and such gases must be entirely eliminated from the steam, if the distilled water is to be thoroughly palatable in taste. Much difficulty has been heretofore experienced in so constructing and operating stills as to entirely free the water from the presence and taste of these deleterious gases.

The primary object of my invention isto provide a still which is so constructed that the deleterious volatile gases contained in the steam are caused to separate out at several points in the'course of operation, and at each such point the gas immediately after being separated from the steam or partial condensate is prevented from again coming into contact with the latter by being at once directed into the atmosphere outside of the apparatus.

Some difficulty hasv also been experienced -with existing stills in properly aerating the water, and in most cases distilled water is flat or dead due to the absence of a proper amount of pure air.

Another object of my invention is to provide aerating means so constructed and arranged that only sterilized air in suitable quantities will be drawn into the apparatus and admixed with the steam and water, whereby the latter will be supplied with a ferred by me is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is a schematic view of the invention, the boiler and its appurtenant parts being shown in elevation, While the condensing portion of the apparatus is Vshown in vertical section; and Fig. 2 1s an enlarged vertical sectional view of the upper part of the condenser.

Thev device forming the object of my invention is designed to `be used in connection I with various kinds of heating means, but

in the drawing it has been illustrated as used in connection with an ordinary Bunsen type of gas burner. It will bennderstood that such burner is shown merely by way of illustration and not by way of limil tation.

The tube of the Bunsen burner which connects with the source of gas supply is designated 10; 11 designates the burner tube proper through which the gas issues and'supplies thev llame to vaporize the water in the boiler 11b which is partially indicated by dotted lines. When the boiler is placed over a burner jet such as that designated 11 in thedrawing, I support the boiler over this jet by means of legs or supports 12 which are capable of being readily inserted in and removed from sockets 13 spaced about the outer periphery of the lower portion of the casing 14 which surrounds the boiler. This casing is provided with peripheral apertures 15 through which the products of combustion escape from the interior of the casing 14 after the full force of heat has been applied for the purpose of heating the Water in boiler 11b and raising it to the boiling point.

Slidably carried near the base of the casing 14 is a skirt or sleeve 16 indicated in dotted lines. This skirt is provided Vwith vertically disposed slots 17 taking over studs or screws 18in the casing 14. When the boiler is placed over a burner jet such as 11, the screws 18 may be slightly loosened,

Apermitting the skirt or sleeve 16 to descend by its own weight and thus form a heating chamber under the boiler. In case the boiler is intended to be placed directly on astove,

such as 11, or with an Ordinary heating stove. y

Water is supplied to the boiler 11 fromthe condenser receptacle 19,- through a pipe 20 intermediate the ends of which is arranged a suitably constructed check valve v21.

i This valve is so balanced that when the pressure in the -boiler- 11b is less than the pressure in receptacle 19 water is permitted to flow from the latter to the boiler 11", and conversely, when the pressure in boiler 11b exceeds the pressure vin vessel 19 the check valve prevents inflow of water from vessel 19 to boiler 11%'` Y-g f Water is admitted to vessel 19 at the lower portion thereofthrough a valve controlled pipe 22 which is connected with any. suitable source of supply and the top of the' vessel 19 is provided with an overliow 23 which may empty into any desired receptacle.

Arranged within the vessel 19 is a series of condenser members which are preferably i superposed' andeach of which preferably vconsists of a doublev cone, the cones being arranged one within the other. The detail structure of these condenser members will dome 11 of the boiler being reduced and slipped into a slightly conical socket 25. Bv

' this construction'the tube 24-may be readily connected to and detached from the top of the boiler 11b. A

The outlet end 24n of the pipe 24 is prefer- 'ably flared and its -edge notched as illustrated, and is embraced by a pipe 26, the upper portion of which is of increased diameter as shown at 26 and isspaced away from the wall of the portion 24EL of the tube to allow of the formation of vents or openings between 24e and the portion 26EL of the tube 26.

Embracing the tube 26 with a tight t is a tube or pipe 27 which carries an air admission tube or pipe 28 having attached to its outer end a housing 29 slotted at 30 and in which housing an air control valve, preferably in the form of a needle valve 31, is adjustable. By screwing the stem of the valve 31 in either direction, the head thereof is adjusted relatively to the inlet opening of the air admission pipe 28 and the quantity of air supplied to the apparatus may be regulated.

Telescoping with the pipe 27 is the upwardly projecting substantially. cylindrical sleeve 32 of the uppermost'condenser member. At its upper portion the dia-meter of sleeve 32 is enlarged, and provided with vent openings 33 in any desired number.

The sleeve 32 is securedto or formed integrally with the outer casing 34 of the substantially conical, upper, condenser member. The walls of this outer casing are preferably provided with inwardly extending ribs or. projections 35 equi-distantly spaced and serving a purpose to be hereinafter explained. Within the outer casing is an inner conical condenser member 36, the lateral `Wall of which is provided with a suitable number of openings 37 formed by deflecting the wall adjacent to the opening in opposite directions, as shown. y

Near its lower edge the vertical or lateral wall of the condenser member 36 is provided with a plurality of slot-like openings through which the condensate passes to the next succeeding condenser member.

The base of the condenser member just described is formed by the conical casing portion 38 which is also ribbed, and which terminates at its lower end in the neck 39, embraced by the neck or sleeve 40 of the second condenser member, which, like the upper condenser member is formed of an outer casing 34aL provided Vwith ribs 35et and an inner condenser member 361 provided with the openings 37a and having the slot-like openings It will be noted that the space between the outer and inner top walls' in the upper condenser member is greater than the space between the' like walls in the second and third condenser members, the rea: son for this difference being hereinafter referred to.

One of the condenser members is preferably provided with a double walled water jacket 42-43 to act as a cooling medium for the distilled water, and in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, I have shown the ,lowermost condenser member as being so jacketed, although any of the other condenser members could equally well be provided with this jacket or a similar jacket.

The base 38a of the second condenser member terminates in a neck 39a which is enveloped by the neck or sleeve 41 of the water jacket for the lower-most condenser member. This Water jacketv is composed of the double walls 42-43 the outer wall being provided near its apex with' passages or ducts 46, and with similar passages or ducts 46 at its lower end. Within this water jacket is the lowermost condenser member 36b provided at its lower portion with an inclined or substantially conical guide casing 47, the base of the condenser member 36b being indicated at 381 and hav-ing the tube extension 39b which passes through the base of the receptacle 19 and is connected tothe outflow pipe 48 through which the distilled water is drawn off. The connection between pipe 48 and pipe 39b is formed by-a suitable stufling box 49 in such manner that by un- 1,150,439 v v a screwingthe stufling boX the pipe 48 maybe removed and the whole series of condenser members lifted out of the vessel 19 to permit cleaning the latter-.

Extending centrally from the top of the lowermost condenser member is an elongated A liquid level in the vessel 19.

- The operation of the invention will now be described: Assuming the boiler 11b to contain a proper quantity of water and heat applied to the boiler, steam will be generated which will pass out through the dome 111l and into and through the pipe 24. This steam issues from the flaring end 24a of the pipe 24, and contains a greater or less quan-v tity of deleterious gases which are specifically the lightest portion of the steam. These gases have a constant tendency to separate and escape from the steam, and when the steam reaches the outlet end 24a of the pipe 24, a portion of these gases, owing to their lightness, willl escape upwardly through the notched section 26a. of the pipe 26. The steam passing downwardly through pipe 26, produces a suction action in pipe 28, causing air to be drawn in through valve 29 and pipe 28, which air mingles, at a given point-24a and 34, with the incoming steam. In its passage through pipe 28 the air is preheated, and as the air is drawn down through pipe 27 about `the outer surface of pipe 26, it is heated to the steam temperature, thus becoming sterilized. As the steam and air continue their downward course vthey come into contact with the upper cone shaped outer surface of the condenser member 36 and are deflected in all directions, being converted into a semi-condensate which trickles down the outer surface of the wall of the member 36`and then through the openings a. The steam as it strikes the top of the wall still contains deleterious volatile gases, a portion of which escape under the lower edges of the pipes 26 and 27 flowing upwardly and outwardly through the openings 33 in the sleeve 32 of the outer wall 34 of the condenser member, while the heavier gases through the second and third condenser member at each stage being freed from the volatile gases which according to the temperature of the surrounding condensing water become nil either at 38, or at 36a, or 36", which gases pass up through the vent pipes 50 and 5l to the vent pipe 52 and out to atmosphere. Inasmuch as the temperature of the uppermost condenser member is higher than-that of the other condenser members, a slight vacuum through the series of condenser members is produced, this vacuum making itself manifest at the end of pipe 48, as a slight suction action. The higher the temperature of the uppermost condenser member in contrast tothe temperature of the lower condenser members, the greater will be the vacuum in the condenserseries. In this connection it is to be noted that as each portion of volatile gas is freed from the steam and condensate such portion is vimmediately conducted to atmosphere out ofcontact with the water, so that there is no opportunity for the freed volatile gases to again pollute-the steam and condensate. At the point 24a a portion of the volatile gases flows upwardly and to the atmosphere and the vented portion of the gases cannot therefore again come into contact with the steam. At the lower end of pipe 26, the steam and air mix, the steam' absorbing the necessary quantity of oxygen from the air admitted through pipe .28, while another portion of the nitrogen and other volatile deleterious constituents of the air pass to the atmosphere along the wall 32, and out at 33. At the openings 33 where the gases ow upwardly and outwardly to the atmosphere they are out of contact with the steam, and within each of the condenser members the course of the' gases is suoli that the latter cannot come into contact with the con'- densate. 'Theribs 35 within the condenser members act somewhat in the nature of baffles for the steam and increase the coolof condensation.v The space between the upper andy lower condenser walls in the uppel-most condenser member is made greater than in the other condenser member because at this. point the greatest quantity of steam is. discharged tothe condelisers and more space for expansion of steam i. is here required than in the other condenser members of the series. l Y i Obviously, the water in the upper portion of the vessel 19 is very much hotter than the water in the lower portion, owing to the temperature of the steam discharged. intov the upper condenser member. Two results follow from the fact that the temperature of the'water at the upper portion of vessel 19 is higher than the temperature of thewater Vat the lower portion. One of these results is that the hot water gives olf very .considerable bodies of steam which heat the air inlet pipe 28 so that the air drawn in therethrough and passing between pipe 26 and 27 is sterilized. It will be understood that the steam rushing in to the condenser members tends to suck or draw air in through the valve 29 and into the condensers to admiX with the steam and condensate. The second result of the diierence in temperature between the upper and lower strata of water as above stated is to create an upward suction through the series of condenser members. This upward suction has the effect of accelerating the upward flow of volatile gases assisting in their eX- pulsion from the apparatus.

Although the condensate which reaches the lowermost condenser member is fairly cool, I find it desirable to water jacket th1s lower condenser member so as to increase the coolness of the water, whereby the distilled water drawn oil through pipe 48 is cool enough to be drunk without the use of ice or additional cooling means.

What I claim is 1. A water still, comprising a vaporizmg vessel, a condensing vessel in communication therewith, said condensing vessel containing a condensing chamber and in communication therewith a second chamber adapted to receive gases liberated from steam and condensate in said condensing chamber, and means within the second chamber through which such liberated gases are vented to the atmosphere in a path remote from that of11 the steamand condensate through the st l. c

2. A water still, comprising a vaporizing vessel, a condensing vessel in communication therewith, a series of condenser members in said condensing vessel, each condenser member containing a condensing chamber and in communication therewith a second chamber adapted to receive gases liberated from the steam and condensate in the condensing chamber, and means within each of said second chambers through which such liberated gases are vented to the atmosphere in a path remote from that of the steam and condensate through the still.

3. A water still, embodying therein a vaporizing vessel, a condensing Vessel, a pipe through which steam is adapted to pass from the vaporizing vessel to the condensing vessel, a second pipev projecting upwardly from the condensing vessel and having an enlarged open end concentric with and embracing one end of the first named pipe, said end of the first named pipe having notches therein and there being a space between said pipes to permit of initial escape of volatile gases from the steam, and condenser means in said condensing vessel.

4, water still, embodying therein a vaporizmg vessel, a condensing vessel, a pipe through which steam is adapted to pass from the vaporizing vessel to the condensing vessel,- a second pipe projecting upwardly from the condensing vessel and havingan enlarged open end concentric with and embracing one end of the irs't named pipe, said end of the ir'st name'd pipe having .notches therein and there being a space between said pipes to permit of initial escape of volatile gases from the steam, condenser means in said condensing Vessel, and means for venting Volatile gases from said condenser means.

5. A 'water still, embodying therein a vaporizing vessel, a condensing vessel, a series of condenser members in said condensing vessel, means for conducting steam from the vaporizing Vessel to vthe condensing vessel, means wherebyY volatile gases are permitted to escape from the steam as the latter is about to enter said condenser members, and additional means remote from the path of the steam and lcondensate through said condenser members whereby volatile gases liberated from the steam and condensate are vented to the atmosphere from said condenser members without contact with the steam or condensate therein.

6. A water still, embodying therein a vaporizing vessel, a condensing Vessel, a series of condenser members in said condensing vessel each said condenser member having double Walls spaced apart, means for conducting steam from said vaporizing vessel to said condenser members between the walls thereof, means for conducting a portion of the volatile gases contained in said steam to the atmosphere before said steam reaches said condenser members, and means within each condenser member remote from the path of the steam and condensate therethrough for venting volatile gases out of the condenser member to the atmosphere.

7. A water still, embodying therein a vaporizing vessel, a condensing vessel having a series of condenser members therein arranged in superposed relation, means for supplying water at normal temperature to 8. A water still,- embodying'therein a vaporizing vessel, a condensing vessel adapted to contain water to be distilled, a series of superposed double walled condenser inembers within said condensing vessel, means for conducting steam from said vaporizing vessel directly into one ofthe end condenser menace bers is caused to admin With the air entering the same and to sterilize the latter.

9. A Water still, embodying therein a Vaporizing vessel, a condensing Vessel, a series of superposed lconical doubie Walled condenser members in said condensing Vessel, a pipe projecting upwardly from said condenser members and having its upper portion enlarged in diameter, da second pipe for conducting steam from said vaporizing vesn sel to said condenser members, said second pipe having its outlet end dared and notched and telescoped with the enlarged portion et said irst mentioned. pipe, through which notched end of said pipe a portion ot the Volatile gases contained in the steam is adapted tov be Vented, and additional means in said condenser members for 'venting therefrom any Volatile gases reaching the same, all said gases being ventedont of contact with the steam or condensate.

l0. A Water still, embodying 'therein a vaporizing vessel, a condensing vessel, a ies oit superposed conical double 'Walled condenser members within said condensing vessel, means for conducting steam from tbe vaporizing vessel against the topV oit the inner Wall of the upper condenser member, means whereby volatile gases may be vented from said steam and out of contact therewith before the same reaches the condenser member, meansV for admiring sterilized air with the steam entering said condenser. members, and means for venting. volatile gases from each of' said condenser members out of contact With the steam or condensate therein. Y

il. A Water still, embodying a yaporizing Vessel, a condensing vessel, a series of condenser members in said condensing vessel, a Water jacket about one of: said condenser members7 means for conducting,steam trom the vaporizing vessel to the condenser mem` bers, and means whereby air is pnabeated sterilized and drawn into the condenser members into admixture with the steam entering said condenser members.

in testimony whereof li bave amaca my signature in presence ot two Witnesses.

ADQLF P.. '"NK.

"Witnesses:

@nro Mnnn,

Fnaiercn.

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