US1127951A - Oil-retort. - Google Patents

Description

J. WEISER.

OIL EEYORT.

APPLWATION NMD ofvlxia.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915 and theige'distill'efl--tn'icke pletion o f .this distillation process ,the ,Wholef r STATES PATENT QFFCE;

JOSEF WEISR, 0F VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

To all whom 'it muy 'onaem Be it knownthat I, JOSEF WErssn, chemical eng1neer,` suine-,ct of. the vllmperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Vienna, in the y petroleum: industry isfes follows: Bcnzin and `petroleum -z 1rev distilled over in .the petroleum stills' in which. ai residue is left which is cornposedjoi a mixture ofluhricat- 16 ing oil, paratlint androke; this is distilled over in seperate oil. stills soflong as no solid constituents become hur'ntvionto the heating surface. The 'xvjesidueiremaining in :i the' oil stills" is'l then introduced .into :the Acokgi'nggstill of the 4"residue 're'mailling r l.\the,`'still4 constitutes a solidlporous mass, 'about 6 0' ein. height which when the coking' still 4hitherto employed is`used, becomes .firmlybunt O'nto the. bottom-of the sti1l, a nd has tosbe-r'efV moved means f OLS-scraping und fcuttin tools. The disti lluticuiftoA cplte-is1ztherefore a Specification of Letters Patent.

Appli-cation sied octc'ber s, 1911. semaine. 653.262A

distille-tion the. I

VETORT.

raient-ed Feb. e, 1915.

it is necessary to produce superheated nace gases which .pass oli through the cillin nei-'.wuuutilized and cause waste-of heating material. -Owing (to this relatively fierce heating `he temperature at the surface' of the still is much too high and'these highV .tem 'peraturcs g'n to nudesirnhle lecoin I )Ositions:emailing irreali loss valuable hydrocarbons.

' thepresentapplication and which are intended to obviate these defects,v arehroadly onsed upon the. observationtht the solid constituents are deposited mainly at.A the ...lowest parts of the still and that-ain' the 7o boilers hitherto employed the burning on of these 'solid -constituents- .is V:due only to th e yfact that-fthe 'place "at which the solid .con-

, s tituents adherecoincides 'with the place-at u'hlch the heat -is supplied. '-1 Procedingi' -from this knowledge in accordance -wit-,h the l present in-vention; tlie coking'processis c'r ried into practice 'inthe' following manner:

"ductionof' tle 'first distille-tg butiduringllse -restof the 'd-is-tlpllutionE process it .fis supplied Theheat supp-lied to the contents off'the-N- i boiler at itslowestpart only/ until the pro; 8c

.' -iThe elements which form vthe object of 63 Stil l.

at plsceswhiehfare less-exposed* to the de?" l distillation to tl1e";po int @f empletc desicc'a-J posit of solid constituents than tliebettonr tion W iiicl.'ijesu'l t s innunieto;isdisadiuntzges ':0f the'v still. Inf-accordance lwith the -inven' A"85 because it;,e`;r1tails,the`f burning! eff-solid` con-V ;tion this-.object is attainedby replacingtheL stituentse; rito" -theieating :surfaces 'ol-the- .stills hitherto generally employed by'fstills lforgthisfreasnn 'the treatment v the comprising'either internel :heatingor *ein- 1; Vresidues until tlieyfasslmetli'e 'forni .of coke" plyiilg flame' Lubes-Within the. still O1' blll isregarded as i. lnprofitable nJnostreipv means in-conjinlotion; The stills :tre fcoml 0- eries. r f'- i f if.; l b ned `luritltheating-plants*which render-itliu-iydefectsnl" n-gin c'a-'rzyi ngffthisproc-l `'possible atthe mminencing' ottherdistille into practi c'. :grens follows: "1 `he.luunljfl 'tion processandfign-the course-.thereof tlex#v ff on coke constitutes u fiery, vgoed insulation. pose different parts of' the boiler-to' the most to the transmission of heat; lConsequently 4vigorous heatingzind'wliichl, c-'Len'during-the .95" those parte.Lofatheuheitting "sui-finiesI'onto'v cou-rse of.thc operationfperniitiofn'xodify#W which the coke nas hurnt,fbeeoinc i'nca-ndesyfinir? the conduction ofthe. furnace gases.t v cent and the. .iron-fis "liifltfthrough: the. Vl ith suchen-arrangement the greater por-' stills in whichthe distillation to coke is ef-'etion'of tl1c :;olid constituents 1'canf'he depoS-- .j footed must be replaced afteriinboutodi-st'ilations,v for the purpose of .renewing the i bottom of the boiler` for these reasons. As the deposit of the layer of coke insulates the heatingr surface and-the heat supplied tubes fh are exposed tothe greatest heat from the furnace can only reach the inteing durmg the course of the operation and rior of the still with difliculty, the distl-I this entails relatively unimportant loss of lation process is greatly impeded especially heat. Owing to this arrangement it is pos# in tlmtstage in which the last constituents sible to carry out lthe distillation to coke, which hava high boiling point are'driven with teminste-tures of the heating .f-mfnces outof t/hef oiler, As a consequence of this at which the iron becomes incandescent, only 1H- fpztrt beinjjr cxposedfliereaifter-tljalessde grec of heat. Only a small layer `of solid constituents becomes delmsiled on the lame ited as coke.onftiie'hottom of. the stillf,'this "100:-

ed without dismounting the boiler providedthe masonry is suitablyconstructed.

In Figs. l to Lof the accompanying drawing a li-oilr-.r installation intended for distillation purposes and embodying the invention, is illustrated in two vertical sections at right angles to each other and in two horizontal sections on the lines A B and AC D, of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 illustrates a special method of mounting the flame tubes.

As shown in this construction the usual vlindrical distillation still is replaced by a still 1n..provi led with transverse flame tubes o. The intervals between the flame tubes .a and between these tubes and the bottom of the boiler. are selected in such a-manner that.

the 'coke becoming deposited on the lower parts of the flame tubes and on theI boiler bottom can readily be removed. It should .be noted that as a. general rule the flame tubes n,` must .be located at such a height above the bottom .and be made of such a size that even in the last phases of the process, 'only their lowest portions are embedded 1n the coke while the upper portions of the tubes "o, remain .free from coke and thus constitute heating m mbers even at the completion of the proces.

The .boiler is f preferably operated by means of two fur aces I and II. By means of the first furn ce arranged immediately beneath the boile m the distillation process isstart'ed by cau ing the furnace gases to flow directly against the bottom of the boiler and then through the flues 1, 2, 3, 4, of which and 4 almost completelysurround the walls of the still. The gases then pass to the chimney a. The second furnace II, with which the flame tubes mn, the flue o extending downward beneath the-bottom of the boiler, and the said flues 1, 2, 3 and 4 con` neet is 'started at or after. the commence! ment of the distillation process and is maintained operative uring this process. It is obvious that the form and number of the flame tubes n, can; be increased according to requirements, or'they may be replaced by a sin-lc flame tube.: -As already stated. it is also possible to ainange the furnace II, as

the man-hole h.

an internal furnace'that is to say, to arrange it in the flame tubes.

Instead of the installation comprising two i the method of heating to be obtained by the arrangement of the flame tubes thereforeresides in the fact that on starting the distillation process. the furnace heat Should be conducted directly' onto the bottomv of the f still while during the further progress of the process it is conducted directly onto the" flame tubes, the remaining surface -of the stillbeing heated throughout the entire duration of thedistillation process by the hot gases passing to the chimney. In all cases it `is advisable to arrange the heating installation in such a manner that the flame-tubes Vcan be removed without dismounting the boiler, or essential portions of the masonry.

Fig. of the drawing shows a special' method of mounting the flame tubes n, in

sov

which instead ot mounting them directly on 2 the wall of the boiler m, they are mounted in special sockets t. When the flame tubes'n.

require renewal owing to their having been burnt through. this can be effected through That I claim and desire to secure, s--'- Means for carrying into effect the coling process in the petroleum industry, comprisingr a still` a primary .furnace in front ofV the lower part of the still, a second furnace beneath said still, individual gratas for each of said furnaces and a grate for both furnaces combined, hea-t flues from one of said furnaces passing along the' bottom' of the still and surrounding the boiler walls,. heat flues from the second furnace comprising *the llame tubes and the remainder of 'the heating surfaces, the bottom of the still and" its higher portions adapted'to be heated together or the higher portions be heated alone at will.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses. JOSEF WEISER. l-Vitnesses:

RUoonr` DUNzLnn, Anouar Fooorm.

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