EP3001922A1 - Composite shoe sole, footwear built on same and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A water vapor permeable composite shoe sole (105) having an upper side (50), comprising at least one opening (31) extending through the composite sole of the shoe sole, a barrier unit (35) having an upper side at least partially forming the upper side (50) of the composite shoe sole (105) and having a as a barrier against penetration of foreign bodies formed water vapor permeable barrier material (33), by means of which the at least one opening (31) is sealed in a water vapor permeable manner, a the barrier material (33) associated, for a mechanical stabilization of the composite shoe sole (105) formed stabilizing means (25 ), which is constructed with at least one stabilizing web (37) which is arranged on at least one surface of the barrier material (33) and which at least partially crosses at least one opening (31) and at least one below the barrier unit (35) Outsole part (117).

Description

The invention relates to a composite shoe sole, so constructed footwear and a procedure for the production of such footwear.

The need to alternatively opt for either a waterproof but perspiration-wicking or a perspiration-permeable but also water-permeable shoe-bottom construction no longer exists since there are shoe-bottoms that are watertight in spite of water vapor permeability due to the use of a perforated or provided with perforations outsole and an overlying waterproof, water vapor permeable functional layer, for example in the form of a membrane. Examples show the documents EP 0 275 644 A2 . EP 0 382 904 A2 . EP 1 506 723 A2 . EP 0 858 270 B1 . DE 100 36 100 C1 . EP 959704 B1 . WO 2004/028 284 A1 . DE 20 2004 08539 U1 and WO 2005/065479 A1

Since the human foot has a strong sweating tendency, the aim of the present invention is to make available footwear having a shoe bottom construction with a particularly high water vapor permeability, without unduly impairing its stability.

For footwear with an outsole with small openings in accordance with EP 0 382 904 A2 Although you can achieve sufficient stability of the sole structure with normal stiff outsole material, but only moderate water vapor permeability of the shoe bottom.

Sole constructions according to EP 959 704 B1 and WO 2004/028 284 A1 , which have an outsole in favor of a higher water vapor permeability, which consists in addition to a number of separate outsole lugs essentially only a peripheral frame for the enclosure of water vapor permeable material which is to protect a membrane located above it against the passage of foreign bodies such as small stones, but not even very much is stable, do not provide a degree of stabilization of the sole structure, as is desirable for many types of footwear. The outsole in the WO 2004/028284 A1 is formed from the peripheral frame and a plurality of outsole studs which distribute within the peripheral frame over the underside of the sole.

The situation is similar with sole structures according to DE 20 2004 08539 U1 and WO 2005/065479 A1 in which waterproof, water-vapor-permeable inserts are used in large-area perforations of the outsole, which have a respective aperture waterproof covering membrane and including serving as protection of the membrane against the pushing of foreign bodies lamellar grid. Since both the membrane and the lamellar grid made of relatively soft material, so they can hardly contribute to stabilize the sole structure, the stability of the sole structure is weakened at the points of large-scale perforations.

A better stabilization of the shoe bottom structure is in accordance with a sports shoe DE 100 36 100 C1 whose outsole is formed from outsole parts with large openings, has been achieved in that the outsole parts are arranged on the underside of a pressure-resistant plastic carrier layer, which is provided at the locations which lie over the large perforations of the outsole parts, with lattice-like openings and thus as the outsole parts is permeable to water vapor. Between the support layer and an overlying, provided for the purpose of water vapor permeability with through holes insole, a membrane is arranged with which not only waterproofness is to be reached with water vapor permeability but also to prevent small stones that can not keep the grid openings of the support layer, enter the shoe interior. The membrane, which is easily damaged by mechanical influences, should thus provide protection which it actually requires itself.

Other solutions, for example according to EP 1 506 723 A2 and EP 0 858 270 B1 , see below the membrane a protective layer as protection against the penetration of penetrated by a perforated outsole foreign bodies such as pebbles to the membrane before.

In embodiments of the EP 1 506 723 A2 the membrane and the protective layer are connected to one another by means of a point bond, ie by means of an adhesive pattern applied as a dot matrix. Only the surface area of the membrane which is not covered by adhesive still stands for a transport of water vapor Available. In this case, the membrane and the protective layer form an adhesive bond which forms either with an outsole a composite sole, which is attached as such to the shaft bottom of the shoe, or forms part of the shaft bottom, to which then only one outsole is to be attached.

In another embodiment of the EP 1 506 723 A2 if the outsole is divided into two parts according to thickness, both outsole layers are provided with relatively small diameter aligned perforations and the protective layer is arranged between the two outsole layers. The membrane is at the finished footwear on top of this outsole. Since only the Perforationsflächenanteil this outsole is available for a water vapor passage, only a correspondingly small proportion of the membrane area for the water vapor passage can be affected. In addition, it has been proven that standing air volumes hinder the transport of water vapor. Such stagnant volumes of air form in the perforations of this outsole and their elimination by air circulation through the outsole is compromised by the protective layer. To the effect that the surface portions of the membrane, which are outside the perforations of the outsole and make up a considerable portion of the membrane total area, can not affect the transport of water vapor, it is also necessary that also the perforations opposite surface portions of the membrane in terms of Steam transport can affect only limited.

It is nowadays in the production of footwear common division of labor, that one manufacturer manufactures the shoe upper and another manufacturer is responsible for the production of the associated shoe sole or the associated shoe sole composite or for their injection molding on the shoe upper. Since shoe sole manufacturers are usually less equipped and experienced in dealing with watertight, water-vapor-permeable membranes, shoe floor concepts are desirable in which the composite shoe sole as such is free of a membrane and the membrane forms part of the shaft bottom on which the composite shoe sole is placed ,

It is therefore an object of the present invention, footwear, which has a shoe bottom structure with permanent waterproofness and with a particularly high water vapor permeability, preferably while obtaining the highest possible stability of the shoe bottom structure, a suitable Schuhsohleverbund and a process for the production of footwear available.

To achieve this object, the invention provides a water vapor-permeable composite shoe sole according to claim 1, footwear according to claim 92 and a method for producing footwear according to claim 102. Further developments of these objects are specified in the respective dependent claims.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a water vapor-permeable composite shoe sole is made available with a top having at least one opening extending through the composite sole of the shoe sole. A barrier unit is provided with an upper side which at least partially forms the upper side of the composite shoe sole and with a water vapor-permeable barrier material designed as a barrier against the passage of foreign bodies, by means of which the at least one opening is closed in a manner permeable to water vapor. The barrier material is assigned a stabilizing device designed for mechanical stabilization of the composite shoe sole, which is constructed with at least one stabilizing web, which is arranged at least on one surface of the barrier material and which at least partially crosses at least one opening.

Below the barrier unit at least one outsole part is arranged. Below the barrier unit means that the at least one outsole part is arranged on the surface of the barrier unit facing the ground or the ground. This ensures that only the at least one outsole part assumes the function of running or standing of the composite sole. The at least one outsole part is to be arranged on the barrier unit such that there are no outsole parts in the at least one opening. Since the barrier unit does not or does not significantly represent the ground contacting position in the composite shoe sole, it is possible to optimize it in terms of its stabilizing properties such as stiffness and torsional rigidity. In comparison, the outsole can be optimized with regard to its outsole function, for example, a material can be selected with low abrasion and high adhesion.

In one embodiment of the invention, a barrier material is a fiber composite having at least two fiber components that differ in their melting temperature. In this case, at least a portion of a first fiber component has a first melting temperature and an underlying first softening temperature range, and at least a portion of a second fiber component has a second melting temperature and an underlying second softening temperature range. The first melting temperature and the first softening temperature range are higher than the second melting temperature and the second softening temperature range. The fiber composite is thermally bonded as a result of thermal activation of the second fiber component with an adhesive softening temperature in the second softening temperature range while maintaining water vapor permeability in the thermally consolidated region.

In the field of polymer or fiber structures, the melting temperature is understood to be a narrow temperature range in which the crystalline regions of the polymer or fiber structure melt and the polymer changes to the liquid state. It is above the softening temperature range and is an essential parameter for semicrystalline polymers. In the field of synthetic fibers, the softening temperature range is understood to mean a temperature range of different bandwidth occurring before the melting point has been reached, but at which softening still no melting occurs.

In the case of the barrier material, this property is utilized in such a way that a selection of materials is carried out for the two fiber components of the fiber composite such that the conditions according to the invention are fulfilled with respect to the melting temperatures and softening temperature ranges for the two fiber components, and a temperature is chosen for the thermal hardening which is suitable for the second fiber component represents an adhesive softening temperature at which softening of the second fiber component, in which the material thereof exhibits adhesive action, such that at least a portion of the fibers of the second fiber component are thermally bonded to each other so far as to cause solidification stabilization of the second fiber component Fiber composite comes, which is above the solidification, which is in a fiber composite with the same materials for the two fiber components by a purely mechanical consolidation, for example dur ch needlepunching of the fiber composite, receives. The adhesive softening temperature can also be chosen so that a softening of the fibers of the second fiber component takes place to such an extent that an adhesion not only of fibers of the second fiber component with each other but also a partial or total sheathing of individual points of the fibers of the first fiber composite with softened material The fibers of the second fiber composite arises, that is, a partial or total embedding such locations of fibers of the first fiber composite in the material of fibers of the second fiber component, whereby a correspondingly increased stabilization solidification of the fiber composite arises.

In one embodiment of the composite shoe sole according to the invention, the barrier material has a fiber composite with a first fiber component and a second fiber component having two fiber components, wherein the first fiber component has a first melting temperature and a first softening temperature range underneath and a second fiber portion of the second fiber component has a second melting temperature and a second The first melting temperature and the first softening temperature range are higher than the second melting temperature and the second softening temperature range, the first fiber portion of the second fiber component has a higher melting temperature and a higher underlying softening temperature than the second fiber portion, and the fiber composite due to thermal Activation of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component with a second softening temperature Uber lying adhesive softening temperature is thermally solidified while maintaining water vapor permeability in the thermally bonded area. In this case, such a material selection that the conditions of the invention with respect to the melting temperatures and softening temperature ranges for the two fiber components and fiber components are met, and for the thermal solidification, a temperature is selected, which represents an adhesive softening temperature for the second fiber content of the second fiber component, in which it a softening of this fiber fraction of the second fiber component occurs, in which the material unfolds adhesive action, such that at least a portion of the fibers of the second fiber component is thermally bonded together as far as by gluing, so that there is a solidification stabilization of the fiber composite, which is above that solidification, the one with a fiber composite with the same Receives materials for the two fiber components by a purely mechanical consolidation, for example by Vernadelungsverfestigung the fiber composite.

An embodiment for the second fiber component having two fiber portions of different melting temperature and different softening temperature ranges comprises core-sheath fibers wherein the core has a higher melting temperature and a higher softening temperature range than the sheath and the thermal bonding of the fiber composite by suitable softening of the sheath he follows.

Another embodiment for the second fiber component having two fiber portions of different melting temperature and different softening temperature ranges has side-by-side fibers in which the second fiber component has two fiber portions parallel to each other in the fiber longitudinal direction, of which a first higher melting temperature has a higher one Has softening temperature range than the second fiber content and the thermal consolidation of the fiber composite is carried out by suitable softening of the second fiber content.

Also in this embodiment, the adhesive softening temperature can be chosen so that a softening of the second fiber content of the second fiber component takes place to such an extent that an adhesion not only of second fiber portions of the second fiber component with each other but also a partial or total sheathing of individual points of the fibers first fiber component with softened material of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component, ie a partial or total embedding of such locations of fibers of the first fiber component in material of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component, whereby a correspondingly increased stabilization solidification of the fiber composite arises. This applies in particular to the case in which the second fiber component is the already mentioned side-by-side fiber structure. Then, with an adhesive softening of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component to the extent mentioned, partial or total sheathing may occur not only of individual locations of the fibers of the first fiber component but also of the first fiber portion of the second fiber component.

By additional compression of the fiber composite during or after the adhesive softening of the second fiber component, an additional stabilization increase can be achieved, in which the partial or total embedding of fiber sites in softened material of fibers of the second fiber component is intensified. On the other hand, the thermal bonding of the fiber composite achieved by using the adhesive softening temperature is to be selected such that there is sufficient water vapor permeability of the fiber composite, i. the fiber bonds always remain limited to individual bonding sites, so that sufficient unverklebte sites remain for the transport of water vapor. The choice of the adhesive softening temperature can be made according to the desired requirements of the respective practical embodiment, in particular with regard to the stability properties and the water vapor permeability.

By selecting certain materials for the two fiber components and by selecting the degree of thermal consolidation of the fiber composite, a desired stabilization of the fiber composite against its condition prior to thermal consolidation can be achieved while maintaining water vapor permeability. By this thermal consolidation of the fiber composite reaches a strength, due to which he is particularly suitable as a composite shoe sole stabilizing water vapor permeable barrier material, and thus suitable for footwear whose shoe bottom on the one hand should have a good water vapor permeability and on the other hand good stability.

Due to its thermal solidification and thus achieved stability, such barrier material is particularly suitable for a composite shoe sole, which is designed to receive a high water vapor permeability with large openings, so that on the one hand a barrier material to protect a membrane above it against the pushing of foreign bodies such as stones by a such breakthrough through to the membrane and on the other hand due to the large openings requires additional stabilization.

Unlike a conventional nonwoven fiber composite used in the shoe area, which is constructed with a single fiber component, which is completely fused and thermally pressed in the attempt of thermal consolidation, one can in such a barrier material by selecting the Use materials for the at least two fiber components and by the parameters chosen for the thermal hardening degrees of freedom, by means of which the degree of desired stability and the degree of steam stability can be adjusted. By softening the fiber component with the lower melting temperature not only the fibers of this fiber component are fixed against each other, but in the thermal solidification process, it also leads to a fixation of the fibers of the other fiber component with the higher melting temperature, resulting in a particularly good mechanical consolidation and stability of the Fiber composite leads. By selecting the ratio between the fibers of the fiber component having the higher melting temperature and the fibers of the fiber component having the lower melting temperature and by selecting the adhesive softening temperature and thus the degree of softening properties of the barrier material can be adjusted such as air permeability, water vapor permeability and mechanical stability of the barrier material.

In one embodiment of the barrier material, its fiber composite is a fabric which may be a woven, knitted, knitted, nonwoven, felt, netting or scrim. In a practical embodiment, the fiber composite is a mechanically stabilized nonwoven, wherein the mechanical consolidation can be achieved by needling the fiber composite. For mechanical consolidation of the fiber composite and a hydroentanglement can be used, in which instead of real needles water jets are used for mechanically consolidating confusion of the fibers of the fiber composite.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first fiber component is a carrier component and the second fiber component is a solidification component of the barrier material.

In an embodiment of the invention in which the second fiber component has a first fiber portion having a higher melting temperature and a second fiber portion having a lower melting temperature, the first fiber portion of the second fiber component forms an additional carrier component adjacent the first fiber component, the second fiber portion of the second fiber component forms the solidification component of the barrier material.

The selection of materials for the fiber components in one embodiment is selected such that at least a portion of the second fiber component, and when the second fiber component comprises at least a first fiber portion and a second fiber portion, at least a portion of the second fiber portion of the second fiber component in a Temperature can be activated in the range between 80 ° C and 230 ° C for a glutinous softening.

In one embodiment, the second softening temperature range is between 60 ° C and 220 ° C.

In particular, in view of the fact that footwear and predominantly the sole structure are often exposed to relatively high temperatures during manufacture, for example when molding an outsole, in one embodiment of the invention the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component is at a temperature of at least 130 ° C melt-resistant, wherein in practical embodiments, a melt resistance at a temperature of at least 170 ° C or even at least 250 ° C by appropriate selection of the material for the first fiber component and optionally for the first fiber content of the second fiber component is selected.

For the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component, materials such as natural fibers, plastic fibers, metal fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers and mixtures thereof are suitable. In the context of natural fibers leather fibers represent a suitable material.

In one embodiment of the invention, the second fiber component and optionally the second fiber portion of the second fiber component is constructed with at least one plastic fiber suitable for thermal consolidation at a suitable temperature.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the two fiber components and optionally at least one of the two fiber components of the second fiber component is selected from the group comprising polyolefins, polyamide, co-polyamide, viscose, polyurethane, polyacrylic, polybutylene terephthalate and mixtures thereof. In this case, the polyolefin may be selected from polyethylene and polypropylene.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component is selected from the polyester and co-polyester material group.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least the second fiber component and optionally at least the second fiber portion of the second fiber component is constructed with at least one thermoplastic. The second fiber component and optionally the second fiber component of the second fiber component can be selected from the material group polyamide, co-polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate and polyolefins or else from the material group polyester and co-polyester.

Examples of suitable thermoplastics are polyethylene, polyamide (PA), polyester (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Other suitable materials are rubber, thermoplastic rubber (TR, from Thermoplastic Rubber) and polyurethane (PU). Also suitable is thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), whose parameters (hardness, color, elasticity, etc.) are very variably adjustable.

In one embodiment of the invention, both fiber portions of the second fiber component are made of polyester, wherein the polyester of the second fiber portion has a lower melting temperature than the polyester of the first fiber portion.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least the second fiber component has a core-shell structure, i. a structure in which a core material of the fiber component is coaxially surrounded by a cladding layer. The first fiber portion having a higher melting temperature forms the core and the second fiber portion having a lower melting temperature forms the jacket.

In another embodiment of the invention, at least the second fiber component has a side-by-side structure, ie, there are two fiber portions of different material running side by side in the fiber longitudinal direction, each having a semi-circular cross-section, for example, set in such a way that the two fiber components are side by side adjacent to each other lying. In this case, one side forms the first fiber portion having a higher melting temperature and the second side forms the second fiber portion of the second fiber component of the barrier material having a lower melting temperature.

In one embodiment of the invention, the second fiber component has a weight percent based on the basis weight of the fiber composite in the range of 10% to 90%. In one embodiment, the weight percent of the second fiber component is in the range of 10% to 60%. In practical embodiments, the weight percentage of the second fiber component is 50% or 20%.

In one embodiment of the invention, the materials for the two fiber components and optionally for the two fiber portions of the second fiber component are selected such that their melting temperatures differ by at least 20 ° C.

The barrier material may be thermally consolidated throughout its thickness. Depending on the requirements to be achieved, in particular with regard to air permeability, water vapor permeability and stability, one can choose an embodiment in which only a part of the thickness of the barrier material is thermally bonded. In one embodiment of the invention, the barrier material thermally bonded over at least part of its thickness is additionally pressed on at least one surface by means of pressure and temperature to smooth the surface of the surface. It may be advantageous to smooth the underside of the barrier material facing the running surface of the shoe sole composite by surface compression, because then dirt which passes through apertures of the composite shoe sole to the underside of the barrier material adheres to it less easily. At the same time, the abrasion resistance of the barrier material increases.

In one embodiment of the invention, the barrier material is provided or treated with one or more of the material group water repellents, soil release agents, oil repellents, antibacterial agents, anti-odorants, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment, the barrier material is water repellent, stain resistant, oil repellent, antibacterial and / or odor treated.

In one embodiment of the invention, the barrier material has a water vapor permeability of at least 4,000 g / m ^2. 24 h. In practical embodiments, a water vapor permeability of at least 7,000 g / m ^2. 24 h or even 10,000 g / m ² 24 h.

In one embodiment of the invention, the barrier material is water-permeable.

In embodiments of the invention, the barrier material has a thickness in the range of at least 1 mm to 5 mm, wherein practical embodiments are in particular in the range of 1 mm to 2.5 mm or even in the range of 1 mm to 1.5 mm, wherein the specifically chosen thickness depends on the particular application of the barrier material and also on which surface smoothness, air permeability, water vapor permeability and mechanical strength one wants to provide.

In a practical embodiment of the invention, the barrier material comprises a fiber composite having at least two fiber components differing in melting temperature and softening temperature range, wherein a first fiber component is polyester and has a first melting temperature and a first softening temperature range thereunder, and at least a part thereof second fiber component has a second melting temperature and an underlying second softening temperature range, wherein the first melting temperature and the first softening temperature range are higher than the second melting temperature and the second softening temperature range. In this case, the second fiber component has a core-sheath structure and a first fiber portion of polyester, which forms the core, and a second fiber portion of polyester, which forms the sheath, wherein the first fiber portion has a higher melting temperature and a higher softening temperature range than the second Has fiber content. In this case, the fiber composite is thermally bonded due to thermal activation of the second fiber component with a lying in the second softening temperature range adhesive softening temperature while maintaining Water vapor permeability in the thermally bonded area and is in the fiber composite to a needled nonwoven, which is pressed on at least one of its surfaces by means of pressure and temperature.

In one embodiment of the invention, the barrier material is obtainable by surface compression of a surface of the fiber composite with a surface pressure in the range of 11.5 N / cm ² to 4 N / cm ² at a heating plate temperature of 230 ° C for 10 s. In a practical embodiment, the surface compression of a surface of the fiber composite takes place with a surface pressure of 3.3 N / cm ² at a temperature of the heating plate of 230 ° C at 10 s.

In one embodiment of the invention, the barrier material is made with a puncture strength in the range of 290 N to 320 N, so that it provides good protection for a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane overlying it, against the pressing of foreign bodies such as small stones.

Such barrier material is thus particularly suitable in a water-vapor-permeable composite shoe sole as a water-vapor-permeable barrier layer which stabilizes the composite shoe sole and protects a membrane located above it.

A barrier unit constructed with such barrier material is therefore particularly suitable for a composite shoe sole according to the invention.

According to the invention, at least one stabilizing device for stabilizing the barrier material and thus the composite shoe sole is associated with the barrier material. This is advantageous, in particular, when the barrier material itself is not or not sufficiently formed as a stabilizing material, so that the barrier material undergoes stabilization or stabilization support from the stabilization device. In this case, it is achieved that additional stability is added to the intrinsic stability which the barrier material has, for example due to its thermal solidification and optionally surface compression, which can be effected selectively at specific locations of the barrier unit, in particular in the region of apertures of the composite shoe sole makes large area to provide a high water vapor permeability of the composite shoe sole. Below is the forefoot and midfoot area of the shoe sole composite speech. In the human foot, the forefoot of the toe and ball to the beginning of the medial arch extending Fußlängsbereich and the metatarsal is the Fußlängsbereich between the ball and the heel. In the context of the composite shoe sole according to the invention, by "forefoot and midfoot region" is meant that longitudinal region of the composite shoe sole over which the forefoot or the midfoot of the wearer of the footwear extends when wearing a footwear provided with such a composite shoe sole.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 15% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 25% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 40% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 50% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 60% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed so that at least 75% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 15% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 25% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 40% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 50% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 60% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilization device is designed such that at least 75% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

The metatarsal stabilizers leading to the various percentages set forth above may each be combined with the individual forefoot region stabilizers leading to the various percentages given above.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 15% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 25% of the front half of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 40% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 50% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 60% of the front half of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 75% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 15% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 25% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 40% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 50% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed such that at least 60% of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one stabilizing device is designed so that at least 75% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.

The abovementioned percentages in connection with the water vapor permeability relate to that part of the entire composite shoe sole which corresponds to the area within the outer contour of the sole of the wearer of the shoe, ie essentially to that surface part of the composite shoe sole which in the finished footwear measures from the inner circumference of the shoe sole is surrounded on the sole side lower shaft end (sole side shaft contour). A shoe sole edge, which protrudes radially outward beyond the sole-side shaft contour, that is beyond the sole of the wearer of the footwear, does not need to have any water vapor permeability because there is no perspiration-absorbent foot region there. The stated percentages therefore relate, with respect to the forefoot area, to the portion of the area enclosed by the sole-side upper contour and, with respect to the metatarsal area, to the portion of the area enclosed by the sole-side upper contour.

If the footwear under consideration has, for example, business shoes whose outsole has an outsole peripheral edge protruding relatively far beyond the outside of the sole-side shank contour, which is sewn firmly, for example, to a mounting frame which also revolves around the outside of the sole-side shank contour, this area needs to be in the area of this outsole circumference edge There is no water vapor permeability, since this area is outside the part of the shoe sole composite that has entered from the foot and therefore no perspiration takes place in this area. The percentages given in the preceding paragraphs refer to footwear that does not have the above-mentioned, for business shoes typical protruding outsole edge. Since this outsole area of a business shoe can make up about 20% of the total surface area of the sole, it can be used on business shoes deduct about 20% of the total surface area of the sole and relate the abovementioned percentages by percentage of the water vapor permeability of the composite shoe sole to the remaining approximately 80% of the total surface area of the sole.

The stabilization device can consist of one or more stabilizing webs, which are arranged, for example, on the outsole-side underside of the barrier material. In one embodiment, the stabilization device is provided with at least one opening, which forms at least one part of the opening after creation of the shoe sole composite and is closed with barrier material.

In one embodiment of the invention, the abovementioned percentages of water vapor permeability in the forefoot region and / or in the midfoot region are provided predominantly or even exclusively in the region of the at least one opening of the stabilization device.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least one support element, which extends from the side of the barrier material facing the tread to the level of the tread, is associated with the barrier material in the opening or in at least one of the openings, such that the barrier material passes over the support element when running supported on the ground. In this case, at least one of the stabilizing webs may be formed simultaneously as a support element.

In the composite shoe sole according to the invention comprising the barrier unit and a one-piece or multi-part outsole arranged underneath, each of which has openings for permeability to water vapor, the passage openings of the outsole parts and the barrier unit may have the same or different surface area. It is important that these passage openings at least partially overlap, wherein a sectional area of the respective passage opening of the barrier unit and the respective passage opening of the outsole or of the respective outsole part forms an opening through the entire composite shoe sole. When specifying a certain dimension of the respective passage opening of the outsole or of the respective outsole part, the extent of the opening is greatest when the corresponding passage opening of the barrier unit at least is the same size and extends over the entire extent of the associated passage opening of the outsole or the outsole part, or vice versa.

It is provided that the stabilization device with the at least one stabilizing web is not part of the at least one outsole part. This means that the stabilizing device and in particular the at least one stabilizing web do not take on an outsole function. In particular, the stabilizing device with the at least one stabilizing web at a distance from a ground or ground. The composite shoe sole with its outsole is intended for running and standing on a ground or surface. In this case, the at least one stabilizing web is located in the composite shoe sole above the ground or ground, and a certain distance is provided between the stabilizing web and the ground. In one embodiment, the distance corresponds to the thickness of the at least one outsole part, which is arranged below the barrier unit.

An exception to the proviso that the at least one stabilizing web has a distance to a ground or ground, applies when a stabilizing web is simultaneously formed as a supporting element that extends to the ground or ground.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the outsole part comprises a first material and the stabilizing device has a second material which is different from the first material, wherein the second material is harder (according to Shore) than the first material. Hardness is the mechanical resistance that a body opposes to the penetration of another, harder body.

The fact that the respective opening of the shoe sole composite is closed with water vapor permeable barrier material, water vapor permeability is achieved in the at least one opening of the shoe sole composite while protecting an overlying membrane against the pushing of foreign bodies such as pebbles. Since, when the barrier unit, a barrier material is used, which can be provided as a result of the thermal consolidation and optionally additional surface compression with a much higher intrinsic stability than they can provide material without thermal solidification and surface hardening can Such barrier material of the barrier unit to provide the openings provided with the shoe sole composite sufficient stabilization, even if the one or more openings of the composite shoe sole are designed very large area in favor of a high water vapor permeability. This inherent stability is further increased by the use of the aforementioned additional stabilizing device, namely selectively in regions of the shoe sole composite that require particular stabilization.

If the stabilization device is provided with a plurality of openings, these can be closed either as a whole with one piece of the barrier material or each with a piece of the barrier material.

The stabilizing device may be designed to be sole-shaped, if it is to extend over the entire surface of the shoe sole composite, or partially insole, if it is to be provided only in a part of the composite shoe sole surface.

In one embodiment of the invention, the stabilizing device of the barrier unit has at least one stabilizing frame stabilizing at least the composite shoe sole, so that the composite shoe sole undergoes further stabilization in addition to the stabilizing effect by the barrier material. A particularly good stabilizing effect is achieved by fitting the stabilization frame in the at least one opening or in at least one of the apertures of the shoe sole composite, so that where the sole of the shoe sole has been weakened by the largest possible perforations in its stability, with the help of the stabilization frame Nevertheless, a good stabilization of the composite shoe sole is ensured.

In one embodiment of the barrier unit according to the invention, the at least one opening of the stabilization device has an area of at least 1 cm ² . In practical embodiments, an opening area of the at least one opening of at least 5 cm ² , for example in the range of 8-15 cm ² or even at least 10 cm ² or even at least 20 cm ² or even at least 40 cm ^{2 is} selected.

In the barrier unit according to the invention, the stabilization device has at least one stabilizing web, which is arranged on at least one surface of the barrier material and at least partially traverses the surface of the at least one opening. If the stabilizing device is provided with a stabilizing frame, the stabilizing bar can be arranged on the stabilizing frame. There may be provided a plurality of stabilizing webs which form a latticed structure on at least one surface of the barrier material. Such a lattice structure leads to a particularly good stabilization of the shoe sole composite on the one hand and can also prevent larger foreign bodies such as larger stones or soil surveys to push through to the barrier material and be felt by the user of the equipped with such a barrier unit footwear when they occur.

In one embodiment, the stabilization device of the barrier unit of the shoe sole composite according to the invention is constructed with at least one thermoplastic. For this purpose, thermoplastic materials of the type already mentioned above can be used.

In one embodiment of the invention, the stabilization device and the barrier material are at least partially connected to each other, for example by gluing, welding, injection molding, encapsulation, vulcanization and recolcanization. In the case of injection-molding or scorching, fastening between the stabilization device and the barrier material predominantly takes place on opposite surface areas of both. During encapsulation and re-vulcanization, a circumferential encapsulation of the barrier material with the stabilization device takes place predominantly.

In one embodiment, the composite shoe sole is water-permeable.

According to a second aspect, the invention makes available footwear with a composite shoe sole according to the invention, which may be constructed, for example, according to one or more of the embodiments previously mentioned in connection with the composite shoe sole. In this case, the footwear on a shaft which is provided on a sole side Schaftendbereich with a waterproof and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer, wherein the composite shoe sole with the shaft bottom functional layer provided Schaftendbereich is connected such that the shaft bottom functional layer is unconnected to the barrier material at least in the region of the at least one opening of the composite shoe sole.

In this footwear according to the invention, the shaft bottom functional layer on the sole side shaft end region and the barrier material in the composite shoe sole according to the invention lead to several advantages. On the one hand, the handling of the shaft bottom functional layer is brought into the area of shaft production during production and kept out of the area of the production of the composite shoe sole. This takes account of the practice that often shank manufacturers and composite sole producers are different manufacturers or at least different production areas and the shank manufacturers are usually better prepared to deal with functional layer material and problems than shoe sole manufacturers or composite shoe sole manufacturers. On the other hand, the shank bottom functional layer and the barrier material, if not housed in the same composite but split onto the shank bottom and shoe sole composites, can be kept substantially unconnected with each other even after attachment of the composite shoe sole to the lower shank end region because their positioning relative to one another in the finished one Footwear is accomplished by the attachment (by gluing or sprinkling) of Schuhsohlenverbundes lower shaft end. To keep the shaft bottom functional layer and the barrier material completely or largely unconnected means that no bonding must take place between the two, which would lead to blocking of a part of the active surface of the functional layer in the case of water vapor permeability, even when glued to a punctate-shaped adhesive.

In one embodiment of the footwear according to the invention, the shaft is constructed with at least one shaft material which has a watertight shaft functional layer at least in the region of the sole side shaft end region, wherein a watertight seal exists between the shaft functional layer and the shaft bottom functional layer. This one comes to footwear, in which the foot is waterproof both in the shaft area and in the shaft bottom area and at the transition points between the two, while maintaining water vapor permeability in both the shaft and the shaft bottom area.

In one embodiment of the footwear according to the invention, the shaft bottom functional layer is associated with a water vapor permeable shaft mounting sole, wherein the shaft bottom functional layer may be part of a multilayer laminate. The shaft mounting sole itself may also be formed by the shaft bottom functional layer constructed with the laminate. The shaft bottom functional layer and optionally the shaft functional layer may be formed by a waterproof, water vapor permeable coating or by a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane, which may be either a microporous membrane or a nonporous membrane. In one embodiment of the invention, the membrane comprises stretched polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).

Suitable materials for the waterproof, water-vapor-permeable functional layer are in particular polyurethane, polypropylene and polyester, including polyether esters and their laminates, as described in the publications US-A-4,725,418 and US-A-4,493,870 are described. However, particularly preferred is stretched microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), as described for example in the publications US-A-3,953,566 such as US-A-4,187,390 and stretched polytetrafluoroethylene provided with hydrophilic impregnating agents and / or hydrophilic layers; see for example the publication US-A-4,194,041 , A microporous functional layer is understood to be a functional layer whose average pore size is between about 0.2 μm and about 0.3 μm. The pore size can be measured with the Coulter Porometer (trade name) manufactured by Coulter Electronics, Inc., Hialeath, Florida, USA.

According to a third aspect, the invention provides a method for the production of footwear which, in addition to a water vapor-permeable composite shoe sole according to one or more embodiments specified above for the composite shoe sole, has a shaft which is attached to a sole-side upper end region with a watertight and water-vapor-permeable shaft bottom functional layer is provided. In this method, first the shoe sole composite and the shaft are provided. The shaft is provided with a watertight and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer on the sole side shaft end region. The composite shoe sole and the shank bottom functional layer Provided sole side shaft end region are connected to each other such that the shaft bottom functional layer remains unconnected to the barrier material at least in the region of at least one opening. This leads to the advantages already set out above.

In one embodiment of this method, the sole-side shaft end region is closed with the shaft bottom functional layer. In the case where the shaft is provided with a shaft functional layer, a watertight connection is made between the shaft functional layer and the shaft bottom functional layer. This leads to an all-round waterproof and water vapor permeable footwear.

• Figur 1:
  Eine skizzenhafte Darstellung eines durch Vernadelung mechanisch verfestigten Vlieses;
• Figur 2:
  Ebenfalls in skizzenhafter Darstellung das Vlies gemäß Figur 1 nach thermischer Verfestigung;
• Figur 2a:
  Einen Ausschnitt, ebenfalls skizzenhaft und mit stark vergrößertem Maßstab dargestellt, eines Bereichs IIa des thermisch verfestigten Vlieses der Figur 2.
• Figur 2b:
  Einen Ausschnitt, ebenfalls skizzenhaft und mit noch stärker vergrößertem Maßstab dargestellt, aus dem in Figur 2a gezeigten Bereich IIa des thermisch verfestigten Vlieses der Figur 2.
• Figur 3:
  In skizzenhafter Darstellung das in Figur 2 gezeigte themisch verfestigte Vlies nach zusätzlicher thermischer Oberflächenverpressung;
• Figur 4:
  Eine schematische Darstellung eines Schuhsohlenverbundes noch ohne Barrierematerial mit Darstellung einer sich durch die Schuhsohlenverbunddicke hindurch erstreckenden Durchbrechung;
• Figur 5:
  Eine schematische Darstellung eines ersten Beispiels einer Barriereeinheit mit einer Stege aufweisenden Stabilisierungseinrichtung und einem darin aufgenommenen Barrierematerial;
• Figur 6:
  Eine schematische Darstellung eines weiteren Beispiels einer Barriereeinheit mit einer einen Steg aufweisenden Stabilisierungseinrichtung und einem Barrierematerial;
• Figur 7:
  Eine schematische Darstellung eines weiteren Beispiels einer Barriereeinheit mit einer Stabilisierungseinrichtung in Form mindestens eines Steges.
• Figur 8:
  Eine schematische Darstellung eines weiteren Beispiels einer Barriereeinheit mit einer einen Steg aufweisenden Stabilisierungseinrichtung und einem Barrierematerial;
• Figur 9:
  Eine schematische Darstellung des in Figur 4 gezeigten Schuhsohlenverbundes mit Barrierematerial und einer einen Steg aufweisenden Stabilisierungseinrichtung;
• Figur 10:
  Eine schematische Darstellung von Stabilisierungsstegen, die an einer Unterseite eines Barrierematerials angeordnet sind;
• Figur 11:
  Eine schematische Darstellung eines Stabilisierungsgitters, das an einer Unterseite eines Barrierematerials angeordnet ist;
• Figur 12:
  Eine perspektivische Schrägansicht von unten eines Schuhs, der mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Sohlenverbund versehen ist;
• Figur 13a:
  Den in Figur 12 gezeigten Schuh, jedoch bevor ein erfindungsgemäßer Schuhsohlenverbund an einen Schaftboden des Schuhs angesetzt ist;
• Figur 13b:
  Den in Figur 12 gezeigten Schuh, der mit einem weiteren Beispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Sohlenverbundes versehen ist;
• Figur 14:
  Den in Figur 13a gezeigte Schuhsohlenverbund in perspektivischer Draufsicht;
• Figur 15:
  Den in Figur 14 gezeigten Schuhsohlenverbund in Explosionsdarstellung seiner einzelnen Komponenten in schräger Perspektivansicht von oben;
• Figur 16:
  Den in Figur 15 gezeigten Teil des Schuhsohlenverbundes in perspektivischer Schrägansicht von unten;
• Figur 17:
  Einen Vorderfußbereich und einen Mittelfußteil der in Figur 16 gezeigten Barriereeinheit in perspektivischer Schrägansicht von oben, wobei die Stabilisierungseinrichtungsteile und die Barrierematerialteile voneinander getrennt dargestellt sind;
• Figur 18:
  In perspektivischer Schrägansicht von unten eine Modifikation des in Figure 17 dargestellten Fußmittelbereiches der Barriereeinheit, wobei nur ein Mittenbereich dieses Barriereeinheitsteils mit Barrierematerial belegt ist und zwei Seitenteile ohne Durchgangsöffnungen ausgebildet sind;
• Figur 19:
  Das in Figur 18 gezeigte Barriereeinheitsteil in einer Darstellung, in welcher das zugehörige Stabilisierungseinrichtungsteil und das zugehörige Barrierematerialteil getrennt voneinander dargestellt sind;
• Figur 20:
  Eine schematische Schnittansicht im Vorderfußbereich durch einen schaftbodenseitig geschlossenen Schaft einer ersten Ausführungsform mit einem an den Schaftboden noch nicht angesetztem Schuhsohlenverbund;
• Figur 21:
  Eine schematische Darstellung eines weiteren Beispiels der Barriereeinheit mit einem Barrierematerial und einem Stabilisierungssteg, bei selektiver Verbindung mit einem darüber befindlichem Schaftboden;
• Figur 22:
  Eine Detailansicht des in Figur 20 gezeigten Schuhaufbaus mit einem angeklebten Schuhsohlenverbund;
• Figur 23:
  Eine Detailansicht des in Figur 20 gezeigten Sohlenaufbaus mit einem angespritzten Schuhsohlenverbund;
• Figur 24:
  Einen Schuhaufbau ähnlich dem in Figur 20 gezeigten, jedoch mit einem andersartig aufgebauten Schaftboden, mit einem noch vom Schaft getrennten Schuhsohlenverbund;
• Figur 25:
  Eine Detailansicht des in Figur 24 gezeigten Schuhaufbaus;
• Figur 26:
  Einen Sohlenverbund in einer weiteren Ausführungsform.
• Figur 27:
  Einen Schuhsohlenverbund in einer weiteren Ausführungsform.

The invention, aspects of the invention and advantages of the invention will now be further explained by means of embodiments. In the accompanying drawings show:

• FIG. 1 :
  A sketchy representation of a nonwoven mechanically bonded by needling;
• FIG. 2 :
  Also in sketchy representation of the fleece according to FIG. 1 after thermal solidification;
• FIG. 2a :
  A section, also sketchy and shown on a greatly enlarged scale, a section IIa of the thermally bonded web of FIG. 2 ,
• FIG. 2b :
  A section, also sketchy and shown with an even larger scale, from the in FIG. 2a shown area IIa of the thermally bonded web of the FIG. 2 ,
• FIG. 3 :
  In sketchy representation the in FIG. 2 Thematically bonded nonwoven fabric shown after additional thermal surface compression;
• FIG. 4 :
  A schematic representation of a composite shoe sole even without barrier material showing a through the shoe sole composite thickness extending through opening;
• FIG. 5 :
  A schematic representation of a first example of a barrier unit with webs stabilizing device and a recorded therein barrier material;
• FIG. 6 :
  A schematic representation of a further example of a barrier unit with a web stabilizer and a barrier material;
• FIG. 7 :
  A schematic representation of a further example of a barrier unit with a stabilization device in the form of at least one web.
• FIG. 8 :
  A schematic representation of a further example of a barrier unit with a web stabilizer and a barrier material;
• FIG. 9 :
  A schematic representation of the in FIG. 4 shown Schuhsohlenverbundes with barrier material and a stabilizer having a web;
• FIG. 10 :
  A schematic representation of stabilizing webs, which are arranged on an underside of a barrier material;
• FIG. 11 :
  A schematic representation of a stabilizing grid, which is arranged on an underside of a barrier material;
• FIG. 12 :
  An oblique perspective view from below of a shoe, which is provided with a composite sole according to the invention;
• FIG. 13a :
  The in FIG. 12 shown shoe, but before an inventive composite shoe sole is attached to a shaft bottom of the shoe;
• FIG. 13b :
  The in FIG. 12 shown shoe which is provided with a further example of a composite sole according to the invention;
• FIG. 14 :
  The in FIG. 13a shoe sole composite shown in perspective plan view;
• FIG. 15 :
  The in FIG. 14 Shoe composite shown in exploded view of its individual components in an oblique perspective view from above;
• FIG. 16 :
  The in FIG. 15 shown part of the composite shoe sole in perspective oblique view from below;
• FIG. 17 :
  A forefoot area and a midfoot part in FIG. 16 shown barrier unit in a perspective oblique view from above, wherein the stabilizer means and the barrier material parts are shown separated from each other;
• FIG. 18 :
  In perspective oblique view from below a modification of the in Figure 17 illustrated Fußmittelbereiches the barrier unit, wherein only a central region of this barrier unit part is covered with barrier material and two side parts are formed without through holes;
• FIG. 19 :
  This in FIG. 18 shown barrier unit part in a representation in which the associated stabilization device part and the associated barrier material part are shown separately from each other;
• FIG. 20 :
  A schematic sectional view in the forefoot area by a shaft bottom side closed shaft of a first embodiment with a not yet attached to the shaft bottom shoe sole composite;
• FIG. 21 :
  A schematic representation of another example of the barrier unit with a barrier material and a stabilizing web, when selectively connected to a shaft bottom located above it;
• FIG. 22 :
  A detailed view of the in FIG. 20 Shoe structure shown with a glued shoe sole composite;
• FIG. 23 :
  A detailed view of the in FIG. 20 shown sole structure with a molded soles composite shoe;
• FIG. 24 :
  A shoe structure similar to the one in FIG. 20 shown, but with a differently constructed shaft bottom, with a still separated from the shank composite shoe sole;
• FIG. 25 :
  A detailed view of the in FIG. 24 Shoe structure shown;
• FIG. 26 :
  A sole composite in another embodiment.
• FIG. 27 :
  A composite shoe sole in a further embodiment.

Based on FIGS. 1 to 3 An embodiment of a barrier material according to the invention which is particularly suitable for a composite shoe sole according to the invention will first be explained. This is followed by reference to the FIGS. 4 to 11 Explanations of embodiments of a barrier unit according to the invention. Based on FIGS. 12 to 27 Embodiments of the footwear according to the invention and shoe sole composites according to the invention will be explained.

The in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment of barrier material consists of a fiber composite 1 in the form of a thermally bonded and thermally surface-bonded nonwoven fabric. This fiber composite 1 consists of two fiber components 2, 3, which are each constructed, for example, with polyester fibers. In this case, a first fiber component 2, which serves as a carrier component of the fiber composite 1, a higher melting temperature than the second fiber component 3, which serves as a solidification component. In order to ensure a temperature stability of the entire fiber composite 1 of at least 180 ° C, and in view of the fact that footwear can be exposed to relatively high temperatures during its production, for example, when molding an outsole, in the considered embodiment for both fiber components polyester fibers with a over 180 ° C lying melting temperature used. There are several variations of polyester polymers that have different melting temperatures and corresponding underlying softening temperatures. In the considered embodiment of the invention barrier material is selected for the first component, a polyester polymer having a melting temperature of about 230 ° C, while selected for at least a fiber content of the second fiber component 3, a polyester polymer having a melting temperature of about 200 ° C. In an embodiment in which the second fiber component has two fiber portions in the form of a core-sheath fiber structure, the core 4 of this fiber component consists of a polyester having a softening temperature of about 230 ° C and the sheath of this fiber component is polyester having an adhesive softening temperature of about 200 ° C ( FIG. 2b ). Such a fiber component with two fiber portions of different melting temperature is also referred to as "bico" for short. In the following, this abbreviation will also be used.

In the embodiment considered, the fibers of the two fiber components are each staple fibers having the above-mentioned specific characteristics. Based on the total basis weight of the fiber composite of about 400 g / m ² , the weight fraction of the first fiber component is about 50%. Accordingly, the weight fraction of the second fiber component is also about 50% based on the basis weight of the fiber composite. The fineness of the first fiber component is 6.7 dtex, whereas the second fiber component formed as bico has a higher fineness of 4.4 dtex.

To produce such barrier material, the fiber components present as staple fibers are first mixed. Thereafter, a plurality of individual layers of this staple fiber mixture in the form of several individual nonwoven layers are placed on each other until the target for the fiber composite basis weight is reached, whereby one arrives at a fleece package. This fleece package has very little mechanical stability and must therefore undergo some solidification processes.

First, a mechanical consolidation of the fleece package by needling by means of needle technology, wherein arranged in a needle matrix needle beams penetrate the fleece package perpendicular to the plane of extension of the fleece package. As a result, fibers of the nonwoven package are reoriented from their original position in the nonwoven package, which results in an entanglement of fibers and a more stable mechanical structure of the nonwoven package. A nonwoven material mechanically consolidated by such needling is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 1 shown.

As a result of the needling process, the thickness of the fleece package is already reduced compared with the starting thickness of the nonwoven fleece package. However, this structure obtained by needling is not yet durable, since it is a purely mechanical three-dimensional "entanglement" of the staple fibers, which can be "unhooked" under load again.

In order to achieve a lasting stabilization, namely a stabilizing property for use in footwear, the fiber composite according to the invention is further treated. It uses thermal energy and pressure. In this process, the advantageous composition of the fiber mixture is utilized, wherein for the thermal solidification of the fiber mixture, a temperature is selected such that they are at least in the range of the adhesive softening temperature of melting at a lower melting temperature Mantels of the core-shell Bico is to soften them to a viscous state so far that the fiber content of the first fiber component, which are in the vicinity of the softened mass of the jacket of the respective Bicos, can be partially enclosed in this viscous mass. As a result, the two fiber components are permanently connected to each other, without changing the basic structure and structure of the nonwoven. Thus, furthermore, the advantageous properties of this nonwoven fabric can be utilized, in particular its good water vapor permeability, combined with a permanent mechanical stabilizing property.

Such a thermally bonded nonwoven fabric is shown in a schematic representation in FIG. 2 shown in FIG FIG. 2a a detailed view of a section on a greatly enlarged scale is shown, in which adhesive connection points between individual fibers are represented by flat black spots, and Figure 2b shows an area of this section on an even larger scale.

In addition to the thermal bonding of the nonwoven material, thermal surface compression may still be performed on at least one surface of the nonwoven material by simultaneously exposing this nonwoven material surface to pressure and temperature, for example by means of heated press plates or press rolls. The result is an even stronger solidification than in the remaining volume of the nonwoven material and a smoothing of the thermally pressed surface.

A nonwoven fabric which is mechanically consolidated by needling, then thermally consolidated and finally thermally surface pressed on one of its surfaces is in FIG. 3 shown schematically.

An enclosed comparison table compares different types of material, including barrier material according to the invention, with regard to a few parameters. In this case, sole split leather, two needle-bonded nonwoven materials, a needle-bonded and thermally bonded nonwoven and finally a needle-bonded, thermally bonded and thermally surface-spun nonwoven are considered, these materials being assigned to the comparison table in order to simplify the following consideration of the comparative table of material numbers 1 to 5.

The longitudinal strain values and the transverse strain values show by what percentage the respective material stretches when subjected to an expansion force of 50 N, 100 N or 150 N respectively. The smaller this longitudinal or transverse expansion fails, the more stable the material and the better it is suitable as a barrier material. When the respective material is used as a barrier material for protecting a membrane against the pushing of foreign matter such as pebbles, the puncture resistance is important. Significant for the use of the respective material in a shoe sole composite and the abrasion resistance, referred to in the comparison table abrasion.

From the comparative table it can be seen that sole split leather has a high tensile strength, a relatively good resistance to stretching forces and a high puncture resistance, but that it has only a moderate abrasion resistance in wet samples and in particular a very moderate water vapor permeability.

Although the only needle-bonded nonwoven materials (material 2 and material 3) are relatively light and have a high water vapor transmission value compared to leather, they have a relatively low resistance to stretching forces, have only low puncture resistance and have only a moderate abrasion resistance.

The needle-bonded and thermally bonded nonwoven fabric (material 4) has a smaller basis weight than the materials 2 and 3 and is therefore more compact. The water vapor permeability of the material 4 is higher than that of the material 2 and about the same as that of the material 3, but almost three times as large as that of the leather according to material 1. The longitudinal and transverse expansion resistances of the material 4 are significantly higher than those of only needle-bonded nonwoven materials 2 and 3, and the longitudinal and transverse load to break is also significantly higher than for the materials 2 and 3. Substantially higher than for the materials 2 and 3 are also the puncture resistance and abrasion resistance in material 4.

The material 5, so needle-bonded, thermally bonded and thermally pressed on a surface nonwoven material has a smaller thickness than the material 4 due to the thermal Oberflächenverpressung with the same basis weight, thus contributes less in a composite shoe sole. The water vapor permeability With regard to the expansion resistance, the material 5 is also superior to the material 4, since it shows no elongation at the applied longitudinal and transverse expansion forces of 50 N to 150 N. The tear strength is higher with respect to longitudinal load and lower than that of the material 4 in terms of transverse load. The puncture resistance is slightly below that of the material 4, which is caused by the smaller thickness of the material 5. A particular superiority over all materials 1 to 4 has the material 5 in terms of abrasion resistance.

The comparison table thus shows that when it comes to the barrier material on a high water vapor permeability, high dimensional stability and thus stabilizing effect and high abrasion resistance, the material 4, in particular the material 5 is quite particularly well suited.

In the case of the material 5, the needle-bonded and thermally bonded nonwoven, which already has a very good stabilization, in one embodiment of the invention is then further subjected to a hydrophobing finish, for example by a dipping operation in a hydrophobizing liquid to minimize suction effects of the nonwoven material. After the hydrophobizing bath, the nonwoven is dried under heat, whereby the hydrophobic property of the applied equipment is further improved. After the drying process, the nonwoven passes through a calibrator, whereby the final thickness of, for example, 1.5 mm is set.

In order to achieve a particularly smooth surface, the nonwoven is then again subjected to temperature and pressure to remelt the fusible fiber components, namely in the jacket of Bicos of the second fiber component, on the surface of the nonwoven fabric and with the help of simultaneously applied pressure against a very smooth surface to press. This is done either with suitable calendering or by means of a heated press shop, wherein between the nonwoven and heated press plate, a Trennmateriallage can be introduced, which is, for example, silicone paper or Teflon.

The surface smoothing by thermal surface compression is performed depending on the desired properties of the barrier material only on one surface or both surfaces of the nonwoven material.

As already shown in the comparison table, the nonwoven thus produced has a high resistance to tearing load and has a good puncture resistance, which is important when using the material as a barrier material for protecting a membrane.

The material 5 described above constitutes a first embodiment of barrier material used according to the invention, in which both fiber components are made of polyester, both fiber components have a weight percentage of 50% on the total fiber composite and the second fiber component is a polyester core-sheath fiber of the Bico type.

There will now be briefly considered further embodiments of the barrier material used in the invention.

Embodiment 2:

A barrier material wherein both fiber components are polyester and have a weight percentage of 50% on the entire fiber composite and the second fiber component is a side-by-side type polyester bico.

Except for the special bico structure, the barrier material according to Embodiment 2 is manufactured in the same manner and has the same properties as the barrier material according to Embodiment 1 with a core-sheath type bico-fiber.

Embodiment 3

A barrier material in which both fiber components have a weight percentage of 50% each and the first fiber component is polyester and the second fiber component is polypropylene.

In this embodiment, the second fiber component used is not a bico but a monocomponent fiber. For the production of fiber composite only two fiber components with different melting points are chosen. In this case, the polyester fiber (having a melting point of about 230 ° C) with a weight fraction of 50%, the carrier component, while the polypropylene fiber with a weight fraction of 50% also has a lower melting point of about 130 ° C and thus the adhesive solidification component represents. The manufacturing process otherwise proceeds as in the embodiment 1. Compared to Embodiment 2, the nonwoven according to Embodiment 3 has a lower thermal stability, but can also be produced using lower temperatures.

Embodiment 4

Barrier material comprising 80% polyester as the first fiber component and a polyester core-shell bico as the second fiber component.

In this embodiment, the production is again as in the embodiment 1, but with the difference that the proportion of the hardening component forming second fiber component is changed. Their weight content is only 20% compared to 80% of the weight, which is formed by the higher-melting first fiber component. The proportionate reduction of the solidification component reduces the stabilizing effect of the resulting barrier material. This can be advantageous if a nonwoven with high mechanical durability combined with increased flexibility is required. The temperature resistance of this nonwoven corresponds to that of the first embodiment.

Based on FIGS. 4 to 11 Now some embodiments of a shoe sole composite or a barrier unit or details thereof are considered.

FIG. 4 shows a partial cross section through a composite shoe sole 21 with a lower sole 23 and an overlying Schuhstabilisierungseinrichtung 25 before this shoe sole composite 21 is provided with a barrier material. The outsole 23 and the shoe stabilization device 25 each have passage openings 27 and 29, which together form an opening 31 through the total thickness of the composite shoe sole 21. The opening 31 is thus formed by the sectional area of the two passage openings 27 and 29. To complete this composite shoe sole 21 will still be (in FIG. 4 not shown) barrier material 33 placed in the passage opening 29 or arranged above this.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a barrier unit 35 with a piece of barrier material 33, which is enclosed by a stabilizer 25.

In one embodiment, the stabilization device is sprayed or sprayed around a peripheral region of the piece of barrier material 33, such that the material of the stabilization device 25 penetrates into the fiber structure of the barrier material 33 where it hardens and forms a firm bond.

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), for example, which leads to a very good enclosure of the barrier material and bonds well with it, is suitable as the material for the encapsulation of the stabilization device or the injection molding onto the stabilization device.

In a further embodiment, the barrier material 33 is adhered to the stabilization device 25. The stabilization device 25 preferably has a stabilizing frame that stabilizes at least the composite shoe sole 21 and at least one stabilizing web 37 that is arranged on a surface of the barrier material 33. Preferably, the at least one stabilizing web 37 is arranged on an underside of the barrier material 33, which is directed towards the outsole.

FIG. 6 shows a barrier unit 35, in which a piece of barrier material 33 is enclosed by a stabilizer 25 in the sense that the edge region of the barrier material 33 is not only surrounded by the stabilizer 25, but also overlapped on both surfaces.

FIG. 7 shows a barrier unit 35, in which a piece of barrier material 33 is provided with a stabilizing device 25 in the form of at least one stabilizing web 37. The stabilizing web 37 is arranged at least on one surface of the barrier material 33, preferably on the surface directed downwards towards the outsole 23.

FIG. 8 1 shows a barrier unit 35 in which a piece of barrier material 33 is provided with a stabilizer 25 such that the barrier material 33 is mounted on at least one surface of the stabilizer 25. In this case, the barrier material 33 covers the passage opening 29. The stabilization bar 37 is located within the passage opening 29 of the stabilization device 25.

FIG. 9 shows a composite shoe sole 21 according to FIG. 4 , above the outsole 23 a barrier unit according to FIG. 5 having only one stabilizing web 37 is shown.

For all embodiments described above according to Fig. 4-9 applies that the bonding material during injection molding, encapsulation or gluing between barrier material 33 and stabilizer 25 not only adheres to the surfaces to be joined, but penetrates into the fiber structure and cures there. Thus, the fiber structure is additionally reinforced in their connection area.

In the FIGS. 10 and 11 Two embodiments of stabilizing web patterns of stabilizing webs 37 applied to a surface of the barrier material 33 are shown. While in the case of FIG. 10 on a circular surface 43, for example, the underside of the barrier material 33, which corresponds for example to an opening of the composite shoe sole 21, three individual webs 37a, 37b and 37c are arranged in a T-shaped mutual arrangement, for example by sticking to the underside of the barrier material is in the case of FIG. 11 a stabilization web device is provided in the form of a stabilizing grid 37d.

With reference to the FIGS. 12 to 27 Embodiments of shoes designed according to the invention will now be explained, wherein also their individual components, in particular in connection with the respective composite shoe sole, are considered.

FIG. 12 shows in perspective oblique view from below an embodiment of a shoe 101 according to the invention with a shaft 103 and a composite shoe sole 105. The shoe 101 has a forefoot portion 107, a midfoot portion 109, a heel portion 111 and a Fußeinschlüpföffnung 113. The composite shoe sole 105 has on its underside a multi-part outsole 117, which has a outsole part 117a in the heel area, a outsole part 117b in the ball of the foot area and a outsole part 117c in the toe area of the composite shoe sole 105. These outsole parts 117 are attached to the underside of a stabilizer 119 having a heel region 119a, a midfoot region 119b, and a forefoot region 119c. The composite shoe sole 105 will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Further components of the composite shoe sole 105 may be damping sole parts 121 a and 121 b, which are applied in the heel region 111 and in the forefoot region 107 on the upper side of the stabilization device 119. The outsole 117 and the stabilizing device 119 each have passage openings which form openings through the composite shoe sole. These openings are covered by barrier material parts 33a-33d in a water vapor permeable manner.

FIG. 13a shows the shoe 101 according to FIG. 12 in a manufacturing stage, in which the shaft 103 and the composite shoe sole 105 are still separated from each other. The shaft 103 is provided on its sole-side lower end portion with a shaft bottom 221, which has a waterproof, water vapor-permeable shaft bottom functional layer, which may be a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane. The functional layer is preferably part of a multilayer functional layer laminate which, in addition to the functional layer, has at least one support layer, for example a textile side for processing protection. In addition, the shaft bottom 115 may be provided with a shaft mounting sole. However, it is also possible to associate the function layer laminate with the function of a shaft mounting sole. The composite shoe sole has the already in FIG. 8 mentioned openings 31 which are covered with barrier material parts 33a-33d. The webs 37 are shown within the peripheral edge of the respective openings. In further embodiments, three openings or two openings or an opening may be provided. In another embodiment, more than four openings are provided. The composite shoe sole 105 may be attached to the sole-side shaft end either by injection molding or by gluing in order to obtain the state according to FIG FIG. 12 manufacture. For a detailed explanation of the functional layer and its Laminate, and the connection with the mounting sole is to the description and the FIGS. 20 to 25 directed.

FIG. 13b shows the same shoe structure as in FIG. 13a , with the difference that the shoe is in FIG. 13a has four openings 31, while the shoe after FIG. 13b equipped with two openings 31. Here it can be seen that the webs 37 are arranged within the peripheral edge of the respective aperture 31 and form no limitation of the aperture 31. The area of an opening is determined less the total area of the webs crossing it, since this land area blocks the transport of water vapor.

FIG. 14 shows a composite shoe sole 105 with a top remote from the outsole 117 top. On the upper side remote from the outsole 117, the stabilizing device 119 is covered in its central region 119b and in its forefoot region 119c with a plurality of pieces 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d of a barrier material 33, with which FIG. 14 not visible openings of the shoe sole composite 105 are covered. In the heel area and in the forefoot area of the shoe sole composite 105, a damping sole portion 121a and 121b are respectively applied on the upper side of the stabilization unit 119, in the heel area substantially over the entire area and in the forefoot area with recesses where the barrier material portions 33b, 33c and 33d are located.

Since the outsole parts of the outsole 117, the stabilizing device 119 and the damping sole parts 121a and 121b have different functions within the composite shoe sole, they are expediently also constructed with different materials. The outsole parts, which are to have a good abrasion resistance, for example, consist of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or rubber. Thermoplastic polyurethane is the generic term for a large number of different polyurethanes, which can have different properties. For an outsole, a thermoplastic polyurethane can be chosen with a high stability and skid resistance. The damping sole parts 121 a and 121 b, which are to cause a shock absorption in the walking movements for the user of the shoe, consist of correspondingly elastically yielding material, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyurethane (PU). The stabilizer 119, which for the non-contiguous outsole parts 117 a, 117 b, 117 c and for also non-contiguous damping sole parts 121 a, 121 b serves as a holder and for the entire shoe sole dressing 105 as a stabilizing element and should have a corresponding elastic stiffness, for example, consists of at least one thermoplastic. Examples of suitable thermoplastics are polyethylene, polyamide, polyamide (PA), polyester (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Other suitable materials are rubber, thermoplastic rubber (TR, from Thermoplastic Rubber) and polyurethane (PU). Also suitable is thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

The in FIG. 14 Shoe sole composite shown is in FIG. 15 shown in exploded view, ie in a representation in which the individual parts of the shoe sole composite 105 are shown separately from each other, with the exception of the barrier material parts 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d, which are already arranged as arranged on the stabilizer means parts 119b and 119c. At the in FIG. 15 In the embodiment shown, the stabilizing device 119 has its parts 119a, 119b and 119c as initially separate parts, which are connected to one another in the course of assembly of the shoe sole composite 105 to the stabilizing device 119, which can be done by welding or gluing the three stabilizer parts together. As related to FIG. 16 will be explained below the barrier material parts openings which, together with openings 123a, 123b and 123c in the outsole parts 117a, 117b and 117c openings 31 of the associated in connection with FIG. 4 form already explained and covered with the barrier material parts 33a-33d in a water vapor permeable manner. A passage opening 125 in the heel part 119a of the stabilization device 119 is not closed with barrier material 33 but with the full-surface damping sole part 121a. This achieves a better damping effect of the composite shoe sole 105 in the heel region of the shoe, where perspiration moisture removal may under certain circumstances be less necessary since foot perspiration forms predominantly in the forefoot and midfoot region, but not in the heel region.

The damping sole portion 121 b is provided with through holes 127 a, 127 b and 127 c, which are dimensioned so that the barrier material parts 33 b, 33 c, 33 d within a per each enclosing boundary edge 129 a, 129 b and 129 c of the Stabilisierungsseinrichtungsteils 119 c in the through holes 127 a, 127 b and 127c can be recorded.

In a further embodiment, it is not intended to use a damping sole part 121. In this case, the parts of the stabilizer 119 a, 119 b and 119 c a flat surface without boundary edge 129 a, 129 b, 129 c, so that the barrier material 33 is placed flush with the surface of the stabilizer in the openings. The composite sole is formed only by the barrier unit constructed of barrier material 33 and stabilizer 119, and the outsole.

In the FIG. 15 shoe sole composite parts 105 shown obliquely above are shown in FIG FIG. 16 also shown in a separate arrangement, but in an oblique view from below. It can be seen that the outsole parts 117a to 117c are provided in the usual way with an outsole profile in order to reduce the risk of slipping. In addition, the undersides of the stabilizer parts 119a and 119e have on their underside a plurality of knob-like projections 131 which are adapted to receive in FIG. 15 to see complementary recesses in the tops of the outsole parts 117a, 117b and 117c for positionally correct connection of the outsole parts 117a to 117c with the associated stabilizer means parts 119a and 119c serve. In FIG. 16 In addition, openings 135a, 135b, 135c and 135d can be seen in the stabilizing device parts 119b and 119d, which are covered with the respectively associated barrier material part 33a, 33b, 33c or 33d in a water vapor permeable manner, whereby the openings 31 (FIG. FIG. 4 ) of the composite shoe sole 105 are closed in a way permeable to water vapor. In one embodiment, the barrier material parts are arranged with their smooth surface facing the outsole. The openings 135a to 135d are each bridged with a stabilizing grid 137a, 137b, 137c and 137e, which each form a stabilizing structure in the region of the respectively associated opening of the stabilizing device 119. In addition, these stabilizing gratings 137a-137e act against the penetration of larger foreign objects to the barrier material 33 or beyond, which could be unpleasantly felt by the user of the shoe.

To mention are also provided at the axial ends of the middle-foot-side stabilizer part 119b connecting elements 139, the overlapping in the assembly of the stabilizer 119 from the three stabilizer means 119a to 119c on the side facing away from the outsole attachment side upper sides of the Stabilisierungsseinrichtungsteile 119a and 119c come to rest to be fixed there, for example by welding or gluing.

FIG. 17 shows in opposite FIG. 16 enlarged representation of the two stabilizing device parts 119a and 119b before their attachment to each other, the openings 135b to 135d of the forefoot stabilization device part 119c and the stabilizing grid structures therein are particularly well visible. It is also clear that the middle stabilization device part 119b shows bent-up frame and lattice parts on the longitudinal sides. The barrier material piece 33a to be placed on the stabilization device part 119b is provided on its longitudinal sides with correspondingly upwardly curved side wings 141. By means of these bent-up parts of both the shoe stabilizing part 119b and the barrier material piece 33a, adaptation to the shape of the lateral metatarsal edges is achieved. The remaining barrier material parts 33b to 33d are substantially flat, corresponding to the substantially flat configuration of the forefoot stabilizer part 119c.

Generally, it should be added here that the at least one opening 135a-135d of the stabilizer 119b and 119c is bounded by the frame 147 of the stabilizer 119 and not by the existing webs 37 in the openings 135a-135d. In the FIG. 17 The boundary edges 129a-129c shown in this embodiment represent part of the respective frame 147.

It is also possible to use a one-piece barrier material part instead of a plurality of barrier material parts 33b, 33c, 33d. The support projections 150 and / or boundary edges 129a-129c must be designed accordingly.

A further modification of the barrier foot portion provided with the stabilizer portion 119b and the barrier material portion 33a for the midfoot portion is disclosed in FIGS FIGS. 18 and 19 shown in FIG. 18 in the assembled state and in FIG. 19 while these two parts are still separated. Unlike the variant in FIG. 17 is in the modification of FIGS. 18 and 19 the stabilization device part 119b provided for the metatarsal region is provided only in the central region with an opening and a stabilizing grid 137a located therein, while the two wing parts 143 on the longitudinal sides of the stabilization device part 119b are formed continuously, ie, have no opening, but are provided only on its underside with stabilizing ribs 145. Accordingly, the barrier material piece 33a provided for this barrier unit part is narrower than in the variants of FIGS FIGS. 18 to 19 because it is not the side wings 141 according to the FIG. 17 needed.

While based on the FIGS. 12 to 19 Embodiments of the shoe sole composite 105 according to the invention have been explained, are now based on the FIGS. 20 to 27 Embodiments and details of inventive footwear explained, which is constructed with a composite shoe sole according to the invention. The show Figures 20 . 22 and 23 an embodiment of the footwear according to the invention, in which the shaft bottom has a shaft mounting sole and additionally a functional layer laminate, while the Figures 24 and 25 show an embodiment of footwear according to the invention, in which a shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 simultaneously assumes the function of a shaft mounting base 233. The FIG. 26 shows a further embodiment of the shoe sole composite 105th

In the in the FIGS. 20 to 25 shown two embodiments, the shoe 101 in accordance with the Figures 12 and 13a - b a shank 103, which has an outer upper material layer 211 located on the outside, an inner lining layer 213 and a waterproof, water vapor permeable, shank functional layer layer 215 located therebetween, for example in the form of a membrane. The shank functional layer layer 215 may be in the composite with the liner layer 213 as a 2-ply laminate or as a 3-ply laminate, with the shank functional layer layer 215 embedded between the liner ply 213 and a textile downside 214. The upper shaft end 217 is depending on whether the cutting plane in the Figures 20 and 24 shown cross-sectional view in the forefoot or metatarsal area, closed or Fußeinschlüpföffnung 113 ( FIG. 12 ) open. At the sole-side shaft end region 219, the shaft 103 is provided with a shaft bottom 221, with which the sole-side lower end of the shaft 103 is closed. The shaft bottom 221 has a shaft mounting sole 233 which is connected to the sole side shaft end portion 219, which in the embodiments according to FIGS FIGS. 20 to 25 done by means of a Strobelnaht 235.

In the case of the embodiment of the Figures 20 . 22 and 23 In addition to the shaft mounting base 233, there is provided a shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 disposed below the shaft mounting sole 233 and extending beyond the circumference of the shaft mounting sole 233 to the sole side shaft end region 219. The shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 may be a 3-layer laminate, with the shaft bottom functional layer 248 is embedded between a textile side and a further textile layer. It is also possible to provide the Schaftbodenfuntionsschicht 247 only with the textile side. In the sole-side shank end region 219, the upper material layer 211 is shorter than the shank functional layer layer 215, so that there is provided a projection of the shank functional layer layer 215 opposite the upper material layer 211 and the outer surface of the shank functional layer layer 215 is exposed there. Mainly for mechanical strain relief of the supernatant of the shank functional layer layer 215, a mesh 241 or another material permeable to sealing material is arranged between the sole end 238 of the upper material layer 211 and the sole end 239 of the sheath functional layer 215, its longitudinal side remote from the Strobelnaht 235 by means of a first seam 243 is connected to the sole side end 238 of the upper material layer 211, but not to the Schaftfunktionsschichtlage 215, and its Strobelnaht 235 facing longitudinal side is connected by the Strobelnaht 235 with the sole side end 239 of the Schaftfunktionsschichtlage 215 and with the shaft mounting base 233. The mesh band 241 is preferably made of a monofilament material so that it has no water conductivity. The mesh tape is preferably used for molded soles. If the sole composite is attached to the shaft by means of adhesive, instead of the mesh belt, the sole-side end 238 of the upper material layer 211 can be fastened by means of adhesive 249 to the Zwickschaftfunktionsschichtlaminat ( FIG. 22 ). In the peripheral region 245, in which the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 projects beyond the circumference of the shaft mounting sole 233, a sealing material 248 is arranged between the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 and the sole end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215, by means of which a watertight connection between the sole end 239, the shaft functional layer layer 215 and the peripheral portion 245 of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237, this seal acting through the net 241.

The in the Figures 20 . 23 to 25 shown net band solution serves to prevent water that runs down or creeps on the Obermateriallage 211, reaches the Strobelnaht 235 and penetrates from there into the shoe interior. This is prevented by the fact that the sole side end 238 of the upper material layer 211 terminates at a distance from the sole end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215, which is bridged with the non-water-conducting net 241, and in the region of the supernatant of the Schaftfunktionsschichtlage 215, the sealing material 247 is provided. The network tape solution is known per se from the document EP 0298360 B1 ,

Instead of the mesh tape solution, all connection technologies used in the shoe industry can be used for preferably watertight connection of the shaft to the shaft bottom. The illustrated mesh tape solution and the gusseted solution in FIG. 22 are exemplary embodiments.

The in FIG. 24 shown shaft construction is consistent with the in FIG. 20 Shaft structure shown, with the exception that there is no separate shaft mounting base is provided, but that the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 simultaneously assumes the function of a shaft mounting base 233 with. Accordingly, the circumference of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 24 is connected to the sole side end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215 via the stitching seam 235 and the sealing material 248 is applied in the region of this strobe seam 235 such that the transition between the sole end 239 of the shaft functional layer layer 215 and the peripheral region of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 as a whole, including the strobe seam 235.

In both embodiments of the Figures 20 and 24 an identically constructed composite shoe sole 105 can be used, as shown in these two figures. Because in the Figures 20 and 24 In the figures, sectional views of the shoe 101 in the forefoot region are shown in these figures, a sectional view of the forefoot region of the shoe sole composite 105, that is, a sectional view taken along a transverse section line through the fore foot region stabilizing unit part 119c with the barrier material piece 33c inserted in the opening 135c thereof ,

Accordingly, the sectional view of the composite shoe sole 105 shows the stabilization device part 119c with its opening 135c, a bridge bridging the opening of the associated stabilizing grid 137c, the upwardly upstanding frame 129b, the barrier material piece 33c inserted into this frame 129b, the damping sole part 121b on the upper side of the Stabilizer part 119c and the outsole part 117b on the underside of the stabilizer part 119c. In this respect, both embodiments of the agree Figures 20 and 24 match.

FIG. 21 shows an example of a barrier unit 35, in which a piece of barrier material 33 is provided on its underside with at least one stabilizing web 37. In this case, on the stabilizing web 37 opposite surface region of the barrier material 33, an adhesive 39 is applied, via which the barrier material 33 is connected to the waterproof, water vapor permeable shaft bottom 221, which is located outside of the composite shoe sole above the barrier unit 35. In this case, the adhesive 39 is applied in such a way that the shaft bottom 221 remains unconnected to the barrier material 33 wherever no material of the stabilizing web 37 is located on the underside of the barrier material 33. In this way, it is ensured that the water vapor permeability function of the shaft bottom 115 is disturbed by adhesive 39 only where the barrier material 33 can not allow water vapor transport anyway due to the arrangement of the stabilizing web 37.

While in the Figures 20 and 24 the respective shoe sole composite 105 is still shown separately from the respective associated shaft 103, show the Figures 22 . 23 and 25 In these enlarged views, the shaft bottom functional layer 247 of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 in all embodiments is preferably a microporous functional layer, for example of stretched polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). As has already been mentioned above, however, it is also possible to use other types of functional layer materials.

In these enlarged sectional views of the Figures 22 . 23 and 25 For example, the watertight connection created by the sealing material 248 between the overlapping opposite ends of the shaft functional layer layer is particularly good 215 and the shaft bottom functional layer 247. It is also clearer than in the Figures 20 and 24 See the inclusion of a Netzbandlängsseite in the Strobelnaht 235.

FIG. 22 shows an embodiment in which the composite sole 105 according to the invention is attached by means of fastening adhesive 250 on the shaft bottom. The sheath functional layer laminate 216 is a three-layer composite having a fabric layer 214, a shank functional layer 215, and a liner 213. The sole-side end 238 of the topsheet 211 is attached to the sheath-functional layer laminate 216 with pinch adhesive 249.

The fastening adhesive 250 is applied flat on the surface of the composite sole with the exception of the openings 135 and arranged in the openings 135 barrier material 33. When attaching the sole composite to the shaft bottom 221 of the fastening adhesive 250 penetrates up to and partially into the shaft functional layer laminate 216 and on and partially in edge regions of the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237.

FIG. 23 is an illustration of the shaft structure according to FIG. 20 with a molded soles composite. In this case, the three-ply shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 is attached to the shaft mounting base 233 such that the textile side 246 points to the composite sole. This is advantageous because the sole spray 260 may more readily penetrate and anchor into the thin textile backing, thus providing a strong bond to the shaft bottom functional layer 237.

The barrier unit with the at least one opening 135 and the at least one piece of barrier material 33 is present as a prefabricated unit and is inserted into the injection mold before the injection process. The sole injection material 260 is correspondingly injection molded onto the shaft bottom, penetrating through the net 241 to the shaft functional layer laminate 216.

FIG. 25 shows an enlarged and fragmentary view of FIG. 24 , The sole compound 105 shows a further embodiment of the barrier unit 35 according to the invention. The shoe stabilizer 119c forms part of the composite sole 105 and does not extend to the outer periphery of the composite sole 105. Above the opening 135 is a piece of barrier material 33c mounted so that the material 33c rests on the peripheral continuous planar boundary edge 130 of the opening 135.

The composite sole 105 may be attached to the shaft bottom 221 with attachment adhesive 250 or may be injection molded with sole spray 260 (as shown).

FIG. 25 Also clearly shows that in the embodiment in which the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 takes over the function of the shaft mounting sole 233, the laminate comes to lie directly above the opposite top of the barrier material piece 33c, which is particularly advantageous. In this case, between the shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 and the barrier material piece 33c, no air cushion may be formed, which could impair the water vapor removal, and the barrier material piece 33c, and especially the shaft bottom functional layer 247, is particularly close to the sole of the user of such shoe, improving the water vapor removal which is co-determined by the existing temperature gradient between shoe interior and shoe exterior.

FIG. 26 is an illustration of another embodiment of the composite sole according to the invention. The perspective view shows a plurality of openings 135 in the shoe stabilizer 119, which are arranged from the toe area to the heel area of the composite sole. Thus, the stabilizing material 33 is also present in the heel area. The outsole forms the outsole parts 117.

FIG. 27 is a representation of another embodiment of the composite sole according to the invention in cross-sectional view. The sole composite 105 of this embodiment is the in FIG. 24 Similar to the soles shown. The sole composite 105 according to FIG. 27 has an outsole, wherein in this figure a cross section through the ball of the foot region of the composite sole 105 is shown and therefore a cross section through the corresponding outsole part 117b. The teaching according to FIG. 27 But also applies to the other areas of the composite sole 105, so also for the foot middle part and the heel part. The outsole part 117b has a tread 153, which touches the ground when running. The sectional view of the composite sole 105 of FIG. 27 shows stabilizing device part 119c with its opening 135c, its upstanding peripheral edge 129b, the barrier material piece 33c inserted in the boundary edge 129b, the cushioning sole portion 121b on the upper side of the stabilizer portion 119c, and the outsole portion 117b on the lower surface of the stabilizer portion 119c. At the bottom of the barrier material piece 33c, a support member 151 is attached. This extends from the side of the barrier material 33 facing the tread surface to the level of the tread 153, such that the barrier material 33 is supported on the ground during operation via the support element 151. That means that an in FIG. 27 lower free end of the support member 151 when the shoe provided with this sole composite stands on a surface, this surface touches. As a result of this support by the support element 151, when running on such a surface, the barrier material piece 33c is substantially in its in FIG. 27 shown held so that its deflection under the burden of a user of the shoe is avoided. In the opening 135c, a plurality of support members 151 can be arranged to increase the support action for the barrier material piece 33c and to make more uniform over its areal extent.

The support function can also be obtained by using the in FIG. 24 stabilizing web 137c shown at the same time forms as a support member 151 by the stabilizer bar 137c can not end at a distance from the underside of the outsole part 117b serving as a running surface but extended to the level of this underside. This gives the stabilizing web 137c the dual function of stabilizing and supporting the barrier material piece 33c. For example, the in FIG. 10 stabilizing webs 37c shown or the stabilizing grid 37d shown in FIG. 11 are formed wholly or partially as supporting elements 151.

With the sole structure according to the invention, a high water vapor permeability value is achieved because on the one hand large perforations are provided in the shoe sole composite 105 and they are closed with material of high water vapor permeability and because also at least in the region of the openings 31 no water vapor exchange obstructing connection between the water vapor permeable barrier material 33 and the Shaft bottom functional layer 247 exists and such a compound is present at most in the areas outside of the openings 31 of the shoe sole composite 105, which is not actively involved in water vapor exchange In addition, with the construction according to the invention, the shaft bottom functional layer 247 is arranged close to the foot, which leads to an accelerated removal of water vapor.

Shaft bottom functional layer laminate 237 may be a multilayer laminate having two, three, or more layers. Contained is at least one functional layer with at least one textile support for the functional layer, wherein the functional layer can be formed by a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane 247, which is preferably microporous.

1. 1. Wasserdampfdurchlässiger Schuhsohlenverbund (105) mit einer Oberseite (50), aufweisend:
   • mindestens eine sich durch die Schuhsohlenverbunddicke hindurch erstreckende Durchbrechung (31);
   • eine Barriereeinheit (35) mit einer mindestens teilweise die Oberseite (50) des Schuhsohlenverbundes (105) bildenden Oberseite und mit einem als Barriere gegen ein Hindurchdrücken von Fremdkörpern ausgebildeten wasserdampfdurchlässigen Barrierematerial (33), mittels welchem die mindestens eine Durchbrechung (31) in wasserdampfdurchlässiger Weise verschlossen ist;
   • eine dem Barrierematerial (33) zugeordnete, für eine mechanische Stabilisierung des Schuhsohlenverbundes (105) ausgebildete Stabilisierungseinrichtung (25), die mit mindestens einem Stabilisierungssteg (37) aufgebaut ist, der mindestens auf einer Oberfläche des Barrierematerials (33) angeordnet ist und die mindestens eine Durchbrechung (31) wenigstens teilweise überquert;
   • und mindestens ein unterhalb der Barriereeinheit (35) angeordnetes Laufsohlenteil (117).
2. 2. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 1, dessen Barriereeinheit (35) wasserdurchlässig ausgebildet ist.
3. 3. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 1, der wasserdurchlässig ausgebildet ist.
4. 4. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3,
   dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 15% der Fläche des Vorderfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
5. 5. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 4,
   dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 25% der Fläche des Vorderfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
6. 6. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 5,
   dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 40% der Fläche des Vorderfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
7. 7. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 6,
   dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 50% der Fläche des Vorderfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind
8. 8. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 7,
   dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist dass wenigstens 60% der Fläche des Vorderfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
9. 9. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 8,
   dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist dass wenigstens 75% der Fläche des Vorderfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
10. 10. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 9,
    dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 15% der Fläche des Mittelfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
11. 11.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 9,
    dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 25% der Fläche des Mittelfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
12. 12.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 9,
    dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 40% der Fläche des Mittelfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
13. 13.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3,
    dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 50% der Fläche des Mittelfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
14. 14.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3,
    dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 60% der Fläche des Mittelfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind
15. 15. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3,
    dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 75% der Fläche des Mittelfußbereichs des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
16. 16. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 15% der vorderen Hälfte der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
17. 17. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 16, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 25% der vorderen Hälfte der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
18. 18.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 17, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 40% der vorderen Hälfte der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
19. 19. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 18, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 50% der vorderen Hälfte der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
20. 20. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 19, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 60% der vorderen Hälfte der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
21. 21.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass wenigstens 75% der vorderen Hälfte der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
22. 22. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass von der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes abzüglich des Absatzbereichs wenigstens 15% wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
23. 23.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 22, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass von der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes abzüglich des Absatzbereichs wenigstens 25% wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
24. 24.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 23, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass von der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes abzüglich des Absatzbereichs wenigstens 40% wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
25. 25.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 24, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass von der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes abzüglich des Absatzbereichs wenigstens 50% wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
26. 26. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 25, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass von der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes abzüglich des Absatzbereichs wenigstens 60% wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
27. 27. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach Absatz 26, dessen mindestens eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) so ausgebildet ist, dass von der Längserstreckung des Schuhsohlenverbundes abzüglich des Absatzbereichs wenigstens 75% wasserdampfdurchlässig sind.
28. 28. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 27,
    mit einer Mehrzahl von Durchbrechungen (31), die je von einem Stück des Barrierematerials (33) verschlossen sind.
29. 29.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 27,
    mit einer Mehrzahl von Durchbrechungen (31), die insgesamt von einem Stück des Barrierematerials (33) verschlossen sind.
30. 30.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 29,
    wobei die Barriereeinheit (35) mindestens einen Stabilisierungssteg (37) auf der laufsohlenzugewandten Seite der Barriereeinheit (35) aufweist.
31. 31. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 30,
    wobei die Stabilisierungseinrichtung (25) mit dem mindestens einen Stabilisierungssteg (37) nicht Bestandteil des mindestens einen Laufsohlenteils ist.
32. 32.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 31,
    wobei die Stabilisierungseinrichtung mit dem mindestens einen Stabilisierungssteg (37) einen Abstand zu einem Boden aufweist.
33. 33.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 32,
    wobei der Abstand der Dicke des mindestens einen Laufsohlenteils entspricht.
34. 34.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der vorhergehenden Absätze,
    dessen Laufsohlenteil ein erstes Material aufweist und die Stabilisierungseinrichtung ein zweites Material aufweist welches verschieden von dem ersten Material ist, wobei das zweite Material härter (nach Shore) als das erste Material ist.
35. 35. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 34,
    wobei das Barrierematerial (33) in Form eines Faserverbundes ausgebildet ist.
36. 36.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 35,
    wobei die Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) einstückig ausgebildet ist und sämtliche Durchbrechungen (31) verschließendes Barrierematerial (33) trägt.
37. 37. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 36,
    wobei die Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) mehrstückig ausgebildet ist, wobei die Stücke wenigstens der mindestens einen Durchbrechung (31) zugeordnet sind und je ein Stück des Barrierematerials (33) tragen, das die mindestens eine Durchbrechung (31) verschließt.
38. 38.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 37,
    dessen Stabilisierungseinrichtung (25) mit mindestens einer Öffnung (135) versehen ist, die wenigstens einen Teil der Durchbrechung (31) bildet und mit Barrierematerial (33) verschlossen ist.
39. 39.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 38,
    dessen Stabilisierungseinrichtung (25) eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen (135) aufweist, die insgesamt mit einem Stück des Barrierematerials (33) verschlossen sind.
40. 40.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 38,
    dessen Stabilisierungseinrichtung (25) eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen (135) aufweist, die je mit einem Stück des Barrierematerials (33) verschlossen sind.
41. 41. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 40,
    dessen Stabilisierungseinrichtung (25) sohlenförmig oder teilsohlenförmig ausgebildet ist.
42. 42. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 41,
    dessen Stabilisierungseinrichtung (25) wenigstens einen mindestens den Schuhsohlenverbund (105) stabilisierenden Stabilisierungsrahmen (147) aufweist.
43. 43.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 42,
    dessen Stabilisierungsrahmen (147) in die mindestens eine Durchbrechung (31) bzw. in mindestens eine der Durchbrechungen des Schuhsohlenverbundes (105) eingepasst ist.
44. 44. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 38 bis 43,
    wobei die mindestens eine Öffnung (135) eine Fläche von mindestens 1 cm² aufweist.
45. 45.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 44,
    wobei die mindestens eine Öffnung (135) eine Fläche von mindestens 5 cm² aufweist.
46. 46. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 45,
    wobei die mindestens eine Öffnung (135) eine Fläche von mindestens 20 cm² aufweist
47. 47.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 46, wobei die mindestens eine Öffnung (135) eine Fläche von mindestens 40 cm² aufweist.
48. 48.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 42 bis 47,
    wobei der Stabilisierungsrahmen (147) der Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) mindestens einen die je zugeordnete Durchbrechung (31) überbrückenden Stabilisierungssteg (37) aufweist.
49. 49. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 48,
    dessen Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) mehrere der Stabilisierungsstege (37) aufweist, die eine gitterförmige Struktur auf mindestens einer Oberfläche des Barrierematerials bilden.
50. 50.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 49,
    dessen Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) mit mindestens einem Thermoplasten aufgebaut ist.
51. 51. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 50,
    wobei die Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) und das Barrierematerial (33) mindestens teilweise miteinander verbunden sind.
52. 52.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 51,
    wobei die Stabilisierungseinrichtung (119) und das Barrierematerial (33) mittels mindestens einer aus Kleben, Schweißen, Anspritzen, Umspritzen, Anvulkanisieren und Umvulkanisieren ausgewählten Verbindungstechnik miteinander verbunden sind.
53. 53.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 52,
    wobei das Barrierematerial (33) einen Faserverbund mit mindestens zwei Faserkomponenten aufweist, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Schmelztemperatur unterscheiden,
    wobei mindestens ein Teil einer ersten Faserkomponente eine erste Schmelztemperatur und einen darunter liegenden ersten Erweichungstemperaturbereich aufweist und mindestens ein Teil einer zweiten Faserkomponente eine zweite Schmelztemperatur und einen darunter liegenden zweiten Erweichungstemperaturbereich aufweist und die erste Schmelztemperatur und der erste Erweichungstemperaturbereich höher als die zweite Schmelztemperatur und der zweite Erweichungstemperaturbereich sind,
    und wobei der Faserverbund infolge thermischer Aktivierung der zweiten Faserkomponente mit einer im zweiten Erweichungstemperaturbereich liegenden Klebeerweichungstemperatur thermisch verfestigt ist unter Aufrechterhaltung von Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit im thermisch verfestigten Bereich.
54. 54.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 53, wobei mindestens ein Teil der Faserkomponenten des Faserverbundes durch mindestens teilweises Erweichen der zweiten Faserkomponente miteinander thermisch verklebt ist.
55. 55.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 53 oder 54,
    bei deren Faserverbund wenigstens die zweite Faserkomponente mindestens einen ersten Faseranteil und einen zweiten Faseranteil umfasst, wobei der erste Faseranteil eine höhere Schmelztemperatur und einen höheren Erweichungstemperaturbereich als der zweite Faseranteil aufweist.
56. 56. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 55,
    dessen Faserverbund ein textiles Flächengebilde ist.
57. 57.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 56,
    dessen Faserverbund ein Gewebe, ein Gewirke, ein Gestricke, ein Vlies, ein Filz, ein Netz oder ein Gelege ist.
58. 58.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 57,
    dessen Faserverbund ein mechanisch verfestigtes Vlies ist.
59. 59.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 58,
    dessen Faserverbund ein vernadeltes Vlies ist.
60. 60.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 59, wobei mindestens ein Teil der zweiten Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls des zweiten Faseranteils der zweiten Faserkomponente bei einer Temperatur im Bereich zwischen 80°C und 230°C thermisch aktivierbar ist.
61. 61. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 60,
    wobei die erste Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der erste Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 130°C schmelzbeständig sind.
62. 62.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 61,
    wobei die erste Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der erste Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 170°C schmelzbeständig sind.
63. 63.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 62,
    wobei die erste Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der erste Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 250°C schmelzbeständig sind.
64. 64. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 63,
    wobei die erste Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der erste Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente ausgewählt sind ist aus der Materialgruppe aufweisend Naturfasern, Kunststofffasern, Metallfasern, Glasfasern, Carbonfasern und Mischungen davon.
65. 65. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 64 wobei die zweite Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der zweite Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente mit mindestens einer Kunststofffaser aufgebaut sind.
66. 66.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 64 oder 65, wobei mindestens eine der beiden Faserkomponenten und gegebenenfalls mindestens einer der beiden Faseranteile der zweiten Faserkomponente ausgewählt ist aus der Materialgruppe aufweisend Polyolefine, Polyamid, Co-Polyamid, Viskose, Polyurethan, Polyacryl, Polybutylenterephthalat und Mischungen davon.
67. 67.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 63 oder 65,
    wobei die erste Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der erste Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente aus der Materialgruppe Polyester und Co-Polyester ausgewählt ist.
68. 68. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 64 oder 65,
    wobei mindestens die zweite Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls mindestens der zweite Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente mindestens einen Thermoplasten aufweist.
69. 69.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 68,
    wobei die zweite Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der zweite Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente aus der Materialgruppe Polyamid, Co-Polyamid, Polybutylenterephthalat und Polyolefin gewählt ist.
70. 70.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach den Absätzen 65 und 68,
    wobei das Polyolefin aus Polyethylen und Polypropylen ausgewählt ist.
71. 71.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 69,
    wobei die zweite Faserkomponente und gegebenenfalls der zweite Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente aus der Materialgruppe Polyester und Co-Polyester ausgewählt ist.
72. 72. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 71,
    wobei beide Faseranteile der zweiten Faserkomponente aus Polyester sind und das Polyester des zweiten Faseranteils eine niedrigere Schmelztemperatur mit einem darunter liegenden Erweichungstemperaturbereich aufweist als das Polyester des ersten Faseranteils.
73. 73.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 72,
    wobei mindestens die zweite Faserkomponente eine Kern-Mantel-Struktur aufweist und der zweite Faseranteil den Mantel bildet.
74. 74. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 72,
    wobei mindestens die zweite Faserkomponente eine Seite-an-Seite-Struktur aufweist, deren eine Seite mit dem zweiten Faseranteil der zweiten Faserkomponente aufgebaut ist.
75. 75.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 74,
    wobei die zweite Faserkomponente einen Gewichtsprozentanteil bezogen auf das Flächengewicht des Faserverbundes im Bereich von 10% bis 90% hat.
76. 76. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 75,
    wobei die zweite Faserkomponente einen Gewichtsprozentanteil bezogen auf das Flächengewicht des Faserverbundes im Bereich von 10% bis 60% hat.
77. 77.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 76,
    wobei die zweite Faserkomponente einen Gewichtsprozentanteil bezogen auf das Flächengewicht des Faserverbundes von 50% hat.
78. 78.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 76,
    wobei die zweite Faserkomponente einen Gewichtsprozentanteil bezogen auf das Flächengewicht des Faserverbundes von 20% hat.
79. 79.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 78,
    wobei für die beiden Faserkomponenten und gegebenenfalls die beiden Faseranteile der zweiten Faserkomponente Fasermaterialien ausgewählt sind, deren Schmelztemperaturen sich um mindestens 20°C unterscheiden.
80. 80.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 79,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) über mindestens einen Teil seiner Dicke thermisch verfestigt ist.
81. 81.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach nach einem der Absätze 53 bis 79,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) über mindestens einen Teil seiner Dicke thermisch verfestigt ist und an mindestens einer Oberfläche mittels Druck und Temperatur oberflächenglättend verpresst ist.
82. 82. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 81, dessen Barrierematerial ausgerüstet ist mit einem oder mehreren Mitteln aus der Materialgruppe wasserabweisende Mittel, schmutzabweisende Mittel, ölabweisende Mittel, antibakterielle Mittel, Antigeruchsmittel und Kombinationen davon.
83. 83.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 82,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) wasserabweisend, schmutzabweisend, ölabweisend, antibakteriell und/oder gegen Geruch behandelt ist.
84. 84. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 83,
    dessen Barrierematerial eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mindestens 4000 g/m² • 24 h aufweist.
85. 85. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 84,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mindestens 7000 g/m² • 24 h aufweist.
86. 86. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 85,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mindestens 10000 g/m² • 24 h aufweist.
87. 87. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 86,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) eine Dicke im Bereich von mindestens 1 mm bis 5 mm aufweist.
88. 88. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 87,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) eine Dicke im Bereich von mindestens 1 mm bis 2,5 mm aufweist.
89. 89.Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 88,
    dessen Barrierematerial (33) eine Dicke im Bereich von mindestens 1 mm bis 1,5 mm aufweist.
90. 90. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 89, mit einer Lauffläche (153),
    wobei dem Barrierematerial (33) in der Durchbrechung bzw. in mindestens einer der Durchbrechungen (33a, 33b, 33c) wenigstens ein Abstützelement (151) zugeordnet ist, das sich von der laufflächenzugewandten Seite des Barrierematerials (33) aus bis zum Niveau der Lauffläche (153) erstreckt, derart, dass sich das Barrierematerial (33) beim Laufen über das Abstützelement (151) auf dem begangenen Boden abstützt.
91. 91. Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach Absatz 90, wobei mindestens einer der Stabilisierungsstege (37) gleichzeitig als Abstützelement (151) ausgebildet ist.
92. 92.Schuhwerk mit einem Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 91,
    aufweisend einen Schaft (103), der an einem sohlenseitigen Schaftendbereich (219) mit einer wasserdichten und wasserdampfdurchlässigen Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) versehen ist, wobei der Schuhsohlenverbund (105) mit dem mit der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) versehenen Schaftendbereich derart verbunden ist, dass die Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) wenigstens im Bereich der mindestens einen Durchbrechung (31) mit dem Barrierematerial (33) unverbunden ist.
93. 93.Schuhwerk nach Absatz 92, bei welchem der Schaft (103) mit mindestens einem Schaftmaterial aufgebaut ist, wobei das Schaftmaterial wenigstens im Bereich des sohlenseitigen Schaftendbereichs (219) eine wasserdichte Schaftfunktionsschicht (215) aufweist und wobei zwischen der Schaftfunktionsschicht (215) und der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) eine wasserdichte Abdichtung besteht.
94. 94.Schuhwerk nach Absatz 92 oder 93,
    dessen Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) einer wasserdampfdurchlässigen Schaftmontagesohle (233) zugeordnet ist.
95. 95.Schuhwerk nach einem der Absätze 92 bis 94,
    dessen Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) Teil eines mehrlagigen Laminates ist.
96. 96.Schuhwerk nach Absatz 95,
    dessen Schaftmontagesohle (233) mit dem Laminat aufgebaut ist.
97. 97.Schuhwerk nach einem der Absätze 92 bis 96,
    dessen Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) und gegebenenfalls die Schaftfunktionsschicht (215) eine wasserdichte, wasserdampfdurchlässige Membrane aufweist.
98. 98.Schuhwerk nach Absatz 97,
    dessen Membrane (247) gerecktes Polytetrafluorethylen aufweist.
99. 99.Schuhwerk nach einem der Absätze 92 bis 98, mit einem Schuhbodenaufbau,
    der den Schuhsohlenverbund (105) und die darüber befindliche Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) aufweist, wobei der Schuhbodenaufbau eine Wasserdampfdurchlassrate (MVTR) im Bereich von 0,4 g/h - 3 g/h aufweist.
100. 100.Schuhwerk nach Absatz 99, dessen Schuhbodenaufbau eine Wasserdampfdurchlassrate (MVTR) im Bereich von 0,8 g/h - 1,5 g/h aufweist.
101. 101.Schuhwerk nach Absatz 100, dessen Schuhbodenaufbau eine Wasserdampfdurchlassrate (MVTR) von 1 g/h aufweist.
102. 102.Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schuhwerk mit einem wasserdampfdurchlässigen Schuhsohlenverbund (105) nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 91 und einem Schaft (103), der an einem sohlenseitigen Schaftendbereich (219) mit einer wasserdichten und wasserdampfdurchlässigen Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) versehen ist, mit folgenden Verfahrensschritten:
     • a) es werden der Schuhsohlenverbund (105) und der Schaft (103) bereitgestellt;
     • b) der Schaft (103) wird an dem sohlenseitigen Schaftendbereich (219) mit einer wasserdichten und wasserdampfdurchlässigen Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) versehen;
     • c) der Schuhsohlenverbund (105) und der mit der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247)versehene sohlenseitigen Schaftendbereich (219) werden miteinander derart verbunden,
     dass die Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) wenigstens im Bereich der mindestens einen Durchbrechung (31) mit dem Barrierematerial (33) unverbunden bleibt.
103. 103.Verfahren nach Absatz 102,
     bei welchem der sohlenseitige Schaftendbereich (219) mit der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) verschlossen wird.
104. 104.Verfahren nach Absatz 102 oder 103, zur Herstellung von Schuhwerk, dessen Schaft (103) mit einer Schaftfunktionsschicht (215) versehen ist, wobei zwischen der Schaftfunktionsschicht (215) und der Schaftbodenfunktionsschicht (247) eine wasserdichte Verbindung hergestellt wird.

Further embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the following numbered paragraphs:

1. A water-vapor-permeable composite shoe sole (105) having an upper side (50), comprising:
   • at least one aperture (31) extending through the composite shoe sole thickness;
   • a barrier unit (35) having an upper side at least partially forming the upper side (50) of the shoe sole composite (105) and having a water-vapor-permeable barrier material (33) designed as a barrier against pushing foreign bodies, by means of which the at least one opening (31) is permeable to water vapor is closed;
   • a stabilizing device (25) associated with the barrier material (33) and designed for mechanical stabilization of the composite shoe sole (105), which is constructed with at least one stabilizing web (37) which is arranged on at least one surface of the barrier material (33) and which at least one Breakthrough (31) at least partially crossed;
   • and at least one outsole part (117) arranged below the barrier unit (35).
2. 2. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 1, the barrier unit (35) is water-permeable.
3. 3. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 1, which is water-permeable.
4. 4. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 3,
   whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is designed such that at least 15% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
5. 5. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 4,
   whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed such that at least 25% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
6. 6. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 5,
   whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed such that at least 40% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
7. 7. composite shoe sole (105) referred to in paragraph 6,
   whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is designed such that at least 50% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor
8. 8. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 7,
   whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed such that at least 60% of the area of the forefoot region of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable.
9. 9. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 8,
   whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is designed such that at least 75% of the area of the forefoot area of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
10. 10. composite shoe sole (105) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 9,
    whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed so that at least 15% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable.
11. 11.Shoesole composite (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 9,
    whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed such that at least 25% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable.
12. 12.Shoesole composite (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 9,
    whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed so that at least 40% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
13. 13.Shoesole composite (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 3,
    whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed such that at least 50% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is permeable to water vapor.
14. 14.Slingole composite (105) according to any of paragraphs 1 to 3,
    whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed so that at least 60% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable
15. 15. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 3,
    whose at least one stabilization device (119) is designed such that at least 75% of the area of the midfoot region of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable.
16. 16 composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 3, whose at least one stabilizing means (119) is formed so that at least 15% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole are permeable to water vapor.
17. 17 composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 16, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed so that at least 25% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole are water vapor permeable.
18. 18.Sling sole composite (105) according to paragraph 17, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed so that at least 40% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole are water vapor permeable.
19. 19, composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 18, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed so that at least 50% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole are permeable to water vapor.
20. 20. Shoe sole composite (105) according to paragraph 19, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed such that at least 60% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole is water vapor permeable are.
21. 21.Slingole composite (105) according to one of the paragraphs 1 to 3, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed so that at least 75% of the front half of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole are permeable to water vapor.
22. 22. The composite shoe sole (105) according to one of the paragraphs 1 to 3, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed such that at least 15% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region is permeable to water vapor.
23. 23.Slingole composite (105) according to paragraph 22, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is designed so that at least 25% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel region are permeable to water vapor.
24. 24.Slingole composite (105) according to paragraph 23, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is designed so that at least 40% of the longitudinal extension of the composite shoe sole minus the heel area are permeable to water vapor.
25. 25th shoe sole composite (105) according to paragraph 24, whose at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed so that at least 50% of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole minus the heel area are permeable to water vapor.
26. 26 composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 25, the at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed so that at least 60% of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole minus the heel area are permeable to water vapor.
27. 27 composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 26, the at least one stabilizing device (119) is formed so that at least 75% of the longitudinal extent of the composite shoe sole minus the heel area are permeable to water vapor.
28. 28. composite shoe sole (105) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 27,
    with a plurality of openings (31), each of which is closed by a piece of the barrier material (33).
29. 29.Shoesole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 27,
    with a plurality of apertures (31) which are closed in total by a piece of the barrier material (33).
30. 30.Shoesole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 29,
    wherein the barrier unit (35) has at least one stabilizing web (37) on the side of the barrier unit (35) facing the outsole.
31. 31. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 30,
    wherein the stabilizing device (25) with the at least one stabilizing web (37) is not part of the at least one outsole part.
32. 32.Slingole composite (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 31,
    wherein the stabilization device with the at least one stabilizing web (37) is at a distance from a bottom.
33. 33.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 32,
    wherein the distance corresponds to the thickness of the at least one outsole part.
34. 34.Slingole composite (105) according to one of the preceding paragraphs,
    the outsole portion of which comprises a first material and the stabilizing means comprises a second material different from the first material, the second material being harder (Shore) than the first material.
35. 35. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 34,
    wherein the barrier material (33) is formed in the form of a fiber composite.
36. 36.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 35,
    wherein the stabilizing device (119) is integrally formed and carries all openings (31) occlusive barrier material (33).
37. 37. composite shoe sole (105) in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 36,
    wherein the stabilizing means (119) is formed in several pieces, wherein the pieces are associated with at least the at least one opening (31) and each carrying a piece of the barrier material (33), which closes the at least one opening (31).
38. 38.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 37,
    whose stabilizing device (25) is provided with at least one opening (135) which forms at least part of the opening (31) and is closed by barrier material (33).
39. 39.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 38,
    the stabilizing device (25) has a plurality of openings (135) which are closed overall with a piece of the barrier material (33).
40. 40.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 38,
    the stabilizing device (25) has a plurality of openings (135) which are each closed with a piece of the barrier material (33).
41. 41. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 40,
    the stabilizing device (25) is formed sole-shaped or part-soled.
42. 42. composite shoe sole (105) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 41,
    The stabilizing device (25) has at least one stabilizing frame (147) stabilizing at least the composite shoe sole (105).
43. 43.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 42,
    whose stabilization frame (147) is fitted in the at least one opening (31) or in at least one of the apertures of the composite shoe sole (105).
44. 44. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraphs 38 to 43,
    wherein the at least one opening (135) has an area of at least 1 cm ² .
45. 45.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 44,
    wherein the at least one opening (135) has an area of at least 5 cm ² .
46. 46. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 45,
    wherein the at least one opening (135) has an area of at least 20 cm ²
47. 47.The shoe sole composite (105) according to paragraph 46, wherein the at least one opening (135) has an area of at least 40 cm ² .
48. 48.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 42 to 47,
    wherein the stabilizing frame (147) of the stabilizing device (119) has at least one stabilizing web (37) bridging the respective associated opening (31).
49. 49. composite shoe sole (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 48,
    its stabilizing means (119) comprises a plurality of the stabilizing webs (37) forming a latticed structure on at least one surface of the barrier material.
50. 50.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 49,
    whose stabilizing device (119) is constructed with at least one thermoplastic.
51. 51. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 50,
    wherein the stabilizer (119) and the barrier material (33) are at least partially interconnected.
52. 52.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 51,
    wherein the stabilization means (119) and the barrier material (33) are interconnected by means of at least one bonding technique selected from bonding, welding, injection molding, overmolding, scorching and recoloring.
53. 53.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 52,
    wherein the barrier material (33) has a fiber composite with at least two fiber components which differ in their melting temperature,
    wherein at least a portion of a first fiber component has a first melting temperature and a first softening temperature range thereunder and at least a portion of a second fiber component has a second melting temperature and an underlying second softening temperature range, and the first melting temperature and the first softening temperature range are higher than the second melting temperature and the second Are softening temperature range,
    and wherein the fiber composite is thermally consolidated due to thermal activation of the second fiber component having an adhesive softening temperature in the second softening temperature range while maintaining water vapor permeability in the thermally consolidated region.
54. 54.Shoesole composite (105) according to paragraph 53, wherein at least a portion of the fiber components of the fiber composite is thermally bonded together by at least partial softening of the second fiber component.
55. 55.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraphs 53 or 54,
    in whose fiber composite at least the second fiber component comprises at least a first fiber portion and a second fiber portion, wherein the first fiber portion has a higher melting temperature and a higher softening temperature range than the second fiber portion.
56. 56. composite shoe sole (105) in accordance with paragraphs 53 to 55,
    whose fiber composite is a textile fabric.
57. 57.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 56,
    whose fiber composite is a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a knitted fabric, a fleece, a felt, a net or a scrim.
58. 58.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 57,
    whose fiber composite is a mechanically consolidated nonwoven.
59. 59.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 58,
    whose fiber composite is a needled nonwoven.
60. 60.Slingole composite (105) according to paragraphs 53 to 59, wherein at least a portion of the second fiber component and optionally the second fiber content of the second fiber component at a temperature in the range between 80 ° C and 230 ° C is thermally activated.
61. 61. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 53 to 60,
    wherein the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component are melt-resistant at a temperature of at least 130 ° C.
62. 62.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 61,
    wherein the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component are melt-resistant at a temperature of at least 170 ° C.
63. 63.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 62,
    wherein the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component are melt-resistant at a temperature of at least 250 ° C.
64. 64. composite shoe sole (105) according to one of paragraphs 53 to 63,
    wherein the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component is selected from the group of materials comprising natural fibers, plastic fibers, metal fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers and mixtures thereof.
65. 65. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraphs 53 to 64 wherein the second fiber component and optionally the second fiber content of the second fiber component are constructed with at least one plastic fiber.
66. 66.Slingole composite (105) according to paragraph 64 or 65, wherein at least one of the two fiber components and optionally selected at least one of the two fiber portions of the second fiber component is from the material group comprising polyolefins, polyamide, co-polyamide, viscose, polyurethane, polyacrylic, polybutylene terephthalate and mixtures thereof.
67. 67.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraphs 63 or 65,
    wherein the first fiber component and optionally the first fiber portion of the second fiber component is selected from the polyester and co-polyester material group.
68. 68. composite shoe sole (105) referred to in paragraphs 64 or 65,
    wherein at least the second fiber component and optionally at least the second fiber portion of the second fiber component comprises at least one thermoplastic.
69. 69.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 68,
    wherein the second fiber component and optionally the second fiber content of the second fiber component is selected from the group of materials polyamide, co-polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate and polyolefin.
70. 70.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraphs 65 and 68,
    wherein the polyolefin is selected from polyethylene and polypropylene.
71. 71.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 69,
    wherein the second fiber component and optionally the second fiber portion of the second fiber component is selected from the polyester and co-polyester material group.
72. 72. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 71,
    wherein both fiber portions of the second fiber component are of polyester and the polyester of the second fiber portion has a lower melting temperature with an underlying softening temperature range than the polyester of the first fiber portion.
73. 73.Slingole composite (105) in accordance with paragraphs 53 to 72,
    wherein at least the second fiber component has a core-sheath structure and the second fiber portion forms the sheath.
74. 74. composite shoe sole (105) in accordance with paragraphs 53 to 72,
    wherein at least the second fiber component has a side-by-side structure, one side of which is constructed with the second fiber portion of the second fiber component.
75. 75.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 53 to 74,
    wherein the second fiber component has a weight percent based on the basis weight of the fiber composite in the range of 10% to 90%.
76. 76. composite shoe sole (105) referred to in paragraph 75,
    wherein the second fiber component has a weight percent based on the basis weight of the fiber composite in the range of 10% to 60%.
77. 77.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 76,
    wherein the second fiber component has a weight percent based on the basis weight of the fiber composite of 50%.
78. 78.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 76,
    wherein the second fiber component has a weight percent based on the basis weight of the fiber composite of 20%.
79. 79.Slingole composite (105) according to paragraphs 53 to 78,
    wherein for the two fiber components and optionally the two fiber portions of the second fiber component fiber materials are selected whose melting temperatures differ by at least 20 ° C.
80. 80.Slingole composite (105) in accordance with paragraphs 53 to 79,
    whose barrier material (33) is thermally consolidated over at least a portion of its thickness.
81. 81.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 53 to 79,
    whose barrier material (33) is thermally bonded over at least part of its thickness and is surface-smoothing pressed on at least one surface by means of pressure and temperature.
82. 82. The composite shoe sole (105) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 81, the barrier material of which is equipped with one or more means the material group water repellents, soil repellents, oil repellents, antibacterial agents, anti-odorants and combinations thereof.
83. 83.Slingole composite (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 82,
    whose barrier material (33) is water-repellent, dirt-repellent, oil-repellent, antibacterial and / or odor-treated.
84. 84. composite shoe sole (105) in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 83,
    whose barrier material has a water vapor permeability of at least 4000 g / m ² • 24 h.
85. 85. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 84,
    whose barrier material (33) has a water vapor permeability of at least 7000 g / m ² • 24 h.
86. 86. composite shoe sole (105) referred to in paragraph 85,
    whose barrier material (33) has a water vapor permeability of at least 10,000 g / m ² • 24 h.
87. 87. composite shoe sole (105) referred to in any of paragraphs 1 to 86,
    whose barrier material (33) has a thickness in the range of at least 1 mm to 5 mm.
88. 88. composite shoe sole (105) referred to in paragraph 87,
    whose barrier material (33) has a thickness in the range of at least 1 mm to 2.5 mm.
89. 89.Slingole composite (105) referred to in paragraph 88,
    whose barrier material (33) has a thickness in the range of at least 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
90. 90. composite shoe sole (105) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 89, with a tread (153),
    wherein the barrier material (33) in the opening or in at least one of the openings (33a, 33b, 33c) is associated with at least one support element (151) extending from the side facing the tread of the barrier material (33) extends to the level of the tread (153), such that the barrier material (33) rests on the ground under load via the support element (151).
91. 91. composite shoe sole (105) according to paragraph 90, wherein at least one of the stabilizing webs (37) at the same time as a support element (151) is formed.
92. 92.Silk with a composite shoe sole (105) in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 91,
    comprising a shaft (103) provided on a sole side shaft end portion (219) with a waterproof and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer (247), said shoe sole composite (105) being connected to said shaft end portion provided with said shaft bottom functional layer (247) such that said shaft bottom functional layer (247) is unconnected to the barrier material (33) at least in the region of the at least one opening (31).
93. 93.The footwear of paragraph 92, wherein the shaft (103) is constructed with at least one shaft material, wherein the shaft material at least in the region of the sole side Schaftendbereichs (219) has a waterproof shaft functional layer (215) and wherein between the shaft functional layer (215) and the Shaft bottom functional layer (247) is a watertight seal.
94. 94th footwear referred to in paragraph 92 or 93,
    whose shaft bottom functional layer (247) is associated with a water vapor permeable shaft mounting base (233).
95. 95th footwear according to one of paragraphs 92 to 94,
    whose shaft bottom functional layer (247) is part of a multilayer laminate.
96. 96th footwear according to paragraph 95,
    whose shaft mounting base (233) is constructed with the laminate.
97. 97th footwear of one of paragraphs 92 to 96,
    its shaft bottom functional layer (247) and optionally the shaft functional layer (215) has a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane.
98. 98th footwear referred to in paragraph 97,
    whose membrane (247) has stretched polytetrafluoroethylene.
99. 99.Shoulder according to paragraphs 92 to 98, with a shoe bottom construction,
    which has the composite shoe sole (105) and the upper upper functional layer (247) above it, wherein the shoe bottom structure has a water vapor transmission rate (MVTR) in the range of 0.4 g / h - 3 g / h.
100. 100th Footwear according to paragraph 99, whose shoe bottom construction has a water vapor transmission rate (MVTR) in the range of 0.8 g / h - 1.5 g / h.
101. 101.The footwear of paragraph 100, the shoe bottom structure of which has a water vapor transmission rate (MVTR) of 1 g / h.
102. A method of making footwear having a water vapor permeable composite shoe sole (105) according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 91 and a shaft (103) provided on a sole side shaft end region (219) with a watertight and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer (247), with the following steps:
     • a) the shoe sole composite (105) and the shaft (103) are provided;
     • b) the shaft (103) is provided on the sole side end region (219) with a watertight and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer (247);
     • c) the composite shoe sole (105) and the sole-side shaft end region (219) provided with the shaft bottom functional layer (247) are connected to each other in such a way that
     the shaft bottom functional layer (247) remains unconnected to the barrier material (33) at least in the area of the at least one opening (31).
103. 103.Method according to paragraph 102,
     wherein the sole-side shaft end portion (219) is connected to the shaft bottom functional layer (247) is closed.
104. 104.The method according to paragraph 102 or 103, for the manufacture of footwear, the shaft (103) of which is provided with a shaft functional layer (215), wherein a watertight connection is made between the shaft functional layer (215) and the shaft bottom functional layer (247).

test methods thickness

The thickness of the barrier material according to the invention is tested according to DIN ISO 5084 (10/1996).

Puncture

The puncture resistance of a fabric can be measured with a measuring method used by the EMPA (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research) using a testing machine of the Instron tensile testing machine (model 4465). By means of a punching iron, a round textile piece with a diameter of 13 cm is punched out and fastened on a support plate in which there are 17 holes. A die, to which 17 spikes (sewing needle type 110/18) are fastened, is lowered at a speed of 1000 mm / min until the needles penetrate through the textile piece into the holes in the backing plate. The force for piercing the textile piece is measured by means of a load cell (a force transducer). The result is determined from a sample number of three samples.

Waterproof functional layer / barrier unit

A functional layer is considered to be "waterproof", if appropriate including seams provided on the functional layer, if it ensures a water inlet pressure of at least 1x10 ⁴ Pa. Preferably, the functional layer material ensures a water inlet pressure of over 1x10 ⁵ Pa. The water inlet pressure shall be measured by a test method in which distilled water is applied at 20 ± 2 ° C to a sample of 100 cm2 of the functional layer with increasing pressure. The pressure increase of the water is 60 ± 3 cm Ws per minute. The water inlet pressure then corresponds to the pressure at which water first appears on the other side of the sample. Details of the procedure are specified in the ISO standard 0811 from the year 1981.

Waterproof shoe

Whether a shoe is waterproof, for example, with a centrifuge assembly in the US-A-5,329,807 be tested type tested.

Water vapor permeability of the barrier material

The water vapor permeability values according to the invention barrier material are tested using the so-called cup method according to DIN EN ISO 15496 (09/2004).

Water vapor permeability of the functional layer

As a "water vapor permeable" a functional layer is considered, if it has a water vapor transmission rate Ret of less than 150 m2 × Pa × W ^-1 . The water vapor permeability is tested according to the Hohenstein skin model. This test method is described in DIN EN 31092 (02/94) or ISO 11092 (1993).

Water vapor permeability of the shoe bottom construction according to the invention

In one embodiment of the invention having a shoe bottom construction comprising the composite shoe sole and the upper shaft bottom functional layer or topshaft functional layer laminate, the shoe bottom structure has a Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate (MVTR) in the range of 0.4 g / h to 3 g / h , which may range from 0.8 g / h to 1.5 g / h, and in one practical embodiment is 1 g / h.

The degree of water vapor permeability of the shoe bottom structure can be compared with that in the document EP 0396716 B1 determined measurement method, which has been designed to measure the water vapor permeability of an entire shoe. For measuring the water vapor permeability of only the shoe bottom structure of a shoe, the measuring method according to EP 0 396 716 B1 also be used by with the in Fig. 1 of the EP 0 396 716 B1 the measurement setup shown is measured in two consecutive measurement scenarios, namely once the shoe with a water vapor permeable shoe bottom construction and another time the otherwise identical shoe with a water vapor-resistant shoe bottom construction. From the difference between the two measured values then the proportion of water vapor permeability can be determined, which goes back to the water vapor permeability of the water vapor permeable shoe bottom structure.

1. a) Konditionierung des Schuhs dadurch, dass dieser in einem klimatisierten Raum (23°C, 50% relative Luftfeuchtigkeit) für mindestens 12 Stunden belassen wird.
2. b) Entfernung der Einlegesohle (Fußbett)
3. c) Auskleidung des Schuhs mit an den Schuhinnenraum angepasstem wasserdichten, wasserdampfdurchlässigen Auskleidungsmaterial, welches im Bereich der Fußeinschlüpföffnung des Schuhs mit einem wasserdichten, wasserdampfundurchlässigen Dichtungsstopfen (beispielsweise aus Plexiglas und mit einer aufblasbaren Manschette) wasserdicht und wasserdampfdicht verschließbar ist.
4. d) Einfüllen von Wasser in das Auskleidungsmaterial und Verschließen der Fußeinschlüpföffnung des Schuhs mit dem Dichtungsstopfen
5. e) Vorkonditionierung des mit Wasser gefüllten Schuhs dadurch, dass dieser während einer vorbestimmten Zeitspanne (3 Stunden) ruhen gelassen wird, wobei die Temperatur des Wassers konstant auf 35°C gehalten wird. Das Klima des umgebenden Raums wird ebenfalls konstant gehalten bei 23 °C und 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit. Der Schuh wird während des Tests frontal von einem Ventilator angeblasen mit im Mittel mindestens 2 m/s bis 3 m/s Windgeschwindigkeit (zur Zerstörung einer sich um den stehenden Schuh herum bildenden ruhenden Luftschicht, welche einen erheblichen Widerstand gegen den Wasserdampfdurchlass verursachen würde)
6. f) erneutes Wiegen des mit dem Dichtungsstopfen abgedichteten, mit Wasser gefüllten Schuhs nach der Vorkonditionierung (ergibt Gewicht m2 [g])
7. g) erneutes ruhen Lassen und eigentliche Testphase von 3 Stunden unter den gleichen Bedingungen wie bei Schritt e)
8. h) erneutes Wiegen des abgedichteten, mit Wasser gefüllten Schuhs (ergibt Gewicht m3 [g]) nach der Testphase von 3 Stunden
9. i) Bestimmung der Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit des Schuhs aus der während der Testzeit von 3 h durch den Schuh entwichenen Wasserdampfmenge (m2-m3) [g] gemäß der Beziehung M = (m2-m3) [g]/3[h]

For each measurement scenario, using the measurement method according to EP 0 396 716 B1 proceeded, namely with the following sequence of steps:

1. a) conditioning the shoe by leaving it in a conditioned room (23 ° C, 50% relative humidity) for at least 12 hours.
2. b) removal of the insole (footbed)
3. c) lining of the shoe with a waterproof, water vapor permeable lining material adapted to the shoe interior, which can be closed in the region of the foot insertion opening of the shoe with a watertight, water vapor impermeable sealing plug (for example made of Plexiglas and with an inflatable cuff) in a watertight and water vapor tight manner.
4. d) pouring water into the lining material and closing the Fußeinschlüpföffnung the shoe with the sealing plug
5. e) preconditioning the water-filled shoe by allowing it to rest for a predetermined period of time (3 hours), the temperature of the water being kept constant at 35 ° C. The climate of the surrounding area is also kept constant at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity. During the test, the shoe is blown on the front by a fan with an average wind speed of at least 2 m / s to 3 m / s (to destroy a stationary layer of air forming around the standing shoe, which would cause considerable resistance to the water vapor passage).
6. f) re-weighing the seal plug-sealed, water-filled shoe after preconditioning (gives weight m2 [g])
7. g) rest again and actual test phase of 3 hours under the same conditions as in step e)
8. h) re-weighing the sealed, water-filled shoe (giving weight m3 [g]) after the test period of 3 hours
9. i) Determination of the water vapor permeability of the shoe from the amount of water vapor (m2-m3) [g] escaped through the shoe during the test time of 3 hours according to the relationship M = (m2-m3) [g] / 3 [h]

After both measurement scenarios have been carried out, in which one has measured the water vapor permeability values on the one hand for the entire shoe with water vapor permeable shoe bottom construction (value A) and on the other hand for the entire shoe with water vapor permeable shaft bottom construction (value B), the water vapor transmission rate for the water vapor permeable shoe bottom structure alone from Determine difference AB.

It is important to avoid during the measurement of the water vapor permeability of the shoe with the water vapor permeable shoe bottom structure that the shoe or its sole is directly on a closed surface. This can be achieved by lifting the shoe or by placing the shoe on a grid construction, so that it is ensured that the ventilation air flow can flow along or even better below the outsole.

It makes sense to perform repeat measurements on each test setup for a particular shoe and to look at averages to better assess the measurement spread. At least two measurements should be taken with the test setup for each shoe. For all measurements, a natural variation of the measurement results of ± 0.2 g / h should be around the actual value, e.g. 1 g / h are assumed. For this example, measured values of between 0.8 g / h and 1.2 g / h could thus be obtained for the identical shoe. Influencing factors for these variations could, for example, come from the person conducting the test or from the seal quality at the upper shank edge. By communicating several individual readings for the same shoe, a more accurate picture of the actual value can be obtained.

All values for the water vapor permeability of the shoe bottom structure are based on a normal laced men's shoe size 43 (French measure), this size is not standardized and shoes from different manufacturers can be different.

1. 1. Messung von Schuhen mit wasserdampfdurchlässigem Schaft, aufweisend
   • 1.1 einen wasserdampfdurchlässigen Schuhbodenaufbau;
   • 1.2. einen wasserdampfundurchlässigen Schuhbodenaufbau;
2. 2. Messung von Schuhen mit wasserdampfundurchlässigem Schaft, aufweisend
   • 2.1 einen wasserdampfdurchlässigen Schuhbodenaufbau;
   • 2.2. einen wasserdampfundurchlässigen Schuhbodenaufbau.

There are basically two options for the measurement scenarios:

1. 1. Measurement of shoes with water vapor permeable shaft, comprising
   • 1.1 a water vapor permeable shoe bottom construction;
   • 1.2. a water vapor-resistant shoe bottom construction;
2. 2. Measurement of shoes with water-impermeable shaft, comprising
   • 2.1 a water vapor permeable shoe bottom construction;
   • 2.2. a water vapor-resistant shoe bottom construction.

Elongation and tear resistance

An elongation and tear resistance test was carried out according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1 of 04/1999. There were 3 instead of 5 samples taken in each direction. The distance of the jaws was 100 mm for all samples.

abrasion

With regard to the abrasion resistance for the abrasion measurements for obtaining the abrasion values in the comparative table, two measuring methods have been used. On the one hand, testing was carried out with a Martindale abrasion tester (in the table "Abrasion Carbon") in which according to the standard DIN EN ISO 124947-1; -2; (04/1999) scrubbed the sample to be tested against sandpaper. Three deviations from the standard were made: First, grit 180 plus standard foam was clamped in the sample holder. Second, standard felt plus the test specimen were clamped in the sample table. Third, the sample was inspected every 700 tours and the sandpaper replaced. On the other hand, the abrasion resistance of wet samples was tested (in the table "Abrasion wet") according to DIN EN ISO 12947-1; -2; -4; with the exception of the standard that the sample table with standard felt and standard wool were saturated with distilled water every 12,800 trips.

In the abrasion tests, friction movements are carried out according to Lissajous figures. Lissajous figures represent a periodically repeating overall picture with a suitable choice of the ratio of the frequencies involved, which is composed of relatively individual figures. The passage through one of these individual figures is referred to as a tour in the context of the abrasion test. For all materials 1 to 5 has been measured, after how many tours in the respective material first holes have occurred, so the respective material was worn through. In the comparison table there are two tour values for each of the materials, which were created from two abrasion tests each with the same material.

hardness

Hardness test according to Shore A and Shore D (DIN 53505, ISO 7619-1, DIN EN ISO 868)

Principle:

The hardness according to Shore is the resistance to the penetration of a certain shape of a body under a defined spring force. The Shore hardness is the difference between the numerical value 100 and the indentation depth of the indenter divided by the scale value 0.025 mm in mm under the effect of the test load.

In the test according to Shore A, a truncated cone with an opening angle of 35 ° is used as the indenter, and in Shore D a cone with an opening angle of 30 ° and a tip radius of 0.1 mm. The indenters are made of polished, hardened steel.

$$F=550+75HSA$$

$$F=445HSD$$

h in mm, F in mNMeasurement equation: $$HS=100-\frac{H}{0.025}$$

$$F=550+75HSA$$

$$F=445HSD$$

h in mm, F in mN

Scope of application:

Due to the different resolution of the two Shore hardness processes in different hardness ranges, materials with a Shore A hardness> 80 should be suitably tested to Shore D and materials with a Shore D hardness <30 to Shore A. hardness scale application Shore A Soft rubber, very soft plastics Shore D. Hard rubber, soft thermoplastics

definitions Barrier material:

Material which is associated with the shoe (s) / materials present in the shoe, such as the upper, sole, membrane, mechanical protection and resistance to deformation, as well as the penetration of external objects / foreign bodies / objects e.g. through the sole allows, while maintaining a high water vapor transport, i. a high climate comfort in the shoe. The mechanical protection and resistance to deformation is mainly due to the low elongation of the barrier material.

Fiber composite:

General term for a composite of fibers of any kind. This is intended to include leather, nonwovens or knitted fabrics made of metal fibers, possibly also in a mixture with textile fibers, also yarns and textiles produced from yarns (fabrics).

The fiber composite must have at least two fiber components. These components may be fibers (e.g., staple fibers), filaments, fiber elements, yarns, strands, and the like. act. Each fiber component is either made of one material or contains at least two different proportions of material, one of which softens / melts at a lower temperature than the other fiber portion (Bico). Such bico-fibers may have a core-shell structure - here a core fiber portion is sheathed with a sheath fiber portion - having a side-by-side structure or an islands-in-the-sea structure. Such processes and machines are available from Rieter Ingolstadt, Germany and / or Schalfhorst in Mönchengladbach, Germany.

The fibers can be simply spun, multifilament, or multiple ruptured fibers with intertwined frayed ends.

The fiber components can be distributed uniformly or unevenly in the fiber composite.

The entire fiber composite must preferably be temperature stable at least 180 ° C.

A uniform and smooth surface on at least one side of the fiber composite is achieved by means of pressure and temperature. This smooth surface shows "down" to the ground / floor, thus ensuring that the smooth surface particles / foreign bodies bounce off better or are easily rejected.

The properties of the surface or of the overall structure of the fiber composite or stabilizing material depend on the fibers selected, the temperature, the pressure and the time over which the fiber composite was subjected to temperature and pressure.

Fleece:

Here, the fibers are deposited on a conveyor belt and confused.

clutch:

A fishnet or sieve construction of the fibers. Please refer EP 1 294 656 to Dupont ,

Felt:

Wool fibers that open and interlock with mechanical effects.

Tissue:

Sheets made with warp and weft threads.

Fabrics and knits:

a mesh formed by stitches.

Melting point:

The melting temperature is the temperature at which the fiber component or portion becomes liquid. The melting temperature is understood to be a narrow temperature range in the field of polymer or fiber structures. in which the crystalline regions of the polymer or fiber structure melt and the polymer changes to the liquid state. It is above the softening temperature range and is an essential parameter for semicrystalline polymers. Melted is the change in the state of aggregation of the fiber or parts of the fiber at a characteristic temperature of too viscous / flowable.

softening temperature:

The second fiber component or the second fiber portion must only be soft / plastic, but not liquid. That the softening temperature used is below the melting temperature at which the component / fraction dissolves. Preferably, the fiber component or parts thereof are softened such that the more temperature-stable component is embedded in the softened parts.

The first softening temperature range of the first fiber component is higher than the second softening temperature range of the second fiber component or the second fiber portion of the second fiber component. The lower limit of the first softening range may be below the upper limit of the second softening range.

Klebeerweichunhstemperatur:

Temperature at which there is a softening of the second fiber component or the second fiber portion, wherein the material unfolds adhesive effect, such that at least a portion of the fibers of the second fiber component is thermally bonded together so far by bonding that it comes to a solidification stabilization of the fiber composite , which is above the solidification, which is obtained in a fiber composite with the same materials for the two fiber components by a purely mechanical consolidation, for example by Vernadelungsverfestigung the fiber composite. The adhesive softening temperature may also be selected to soften the fibers of the second fiber component to such an extent that bonding not only of fibers of the second fiber component to one another but in addition, a partial or total sheathing of individual points of the fibers of the first fiber composite with softened material of the fibers of the second fiber composite arises, so a partial or total embedding such locations of fibers of the first fiber composite in material of fibers of the second fiber component that increased accordingly Stabilization hardening of the fiber composite arises.

Temperature stability:

If the stabilizer is injected, the barrier material must be temperature stable for injection. The same applies to injection molding (about 170 ° C - 180 ° C) or vulcanization of the shoe sole. If the stabilization device is to be injection-molded, the barrier material must have a structure such that the stabilization device can at least penetrate into the structure of the barrier material or, if appropriate, penetrate it.

Functional layer / membrane:

The shaft bottom functional layer and optionally the shaft functional layer may be formed by a waterproof, water vapor permeable coating or by a waterproof, water vapor permeable membrane, which may be either a microporous membrane or a nonporous membrane. In one embodiment of the invention, the membrane comprises stretched polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).

Suitable materials for the waterproof, water-vapor-permeable functional layer are in particular polyurethane, polypropylene and polyester, including polyether esters and their laminates, as described in the publications US-A-4,725,418 and US-A-4,493,870 are described. However, particularly preferred is stretched microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), as described for example in the publications US-A-3,953,566 such as US-A-4,187,390 and stretched polytetrafluoroethylene provided with hydrophilic impregnating agents and / or hydrophilic layers; see for example the publication US-A-4,194,041 , Under a microporous functional layer is a Functional layer understood, the average pore size is between about 0.2 microns and about 0.3 microns.

The pore size can be measured with the Coulter Porometer (trade name) manufactured by Coulter Electronics, Inc., Hialeath, Florida, USA.

Barrier unit:

The barrier unit is formed by the barrier material and optionally by the stabilization device in the form of at least one web and / or a frame. The barrier unit may be in the form of a prefabricated component.

Shoe sole composite:

The composite shoe sole consists of barrier material and at least one stabilizing device and at least one outsole and possibly further sole layers, the barrier material closing the at least one opening extending through the composite shoe sole thickness.

Perforation:

An opening is the area of the composite shoe sole through which water vapor transport is possible. The outsole and the stabilizing device each have passage openings, which together form an opening through the total thickness of the composite shoe sole. The opening is thus formed by the sectional area of the two passage openings. Possibly existing webs are arranged within the peripheral edge of the respective opening and form no limitation of the opening. The area of an opening is determined less the area of all webs crossing it, since this land area blocks the transport of water vapor and thus does not constitute a breakthrough area.

Stabilizer:

The stabilizer acts as additional stabilization of the barrier material, is shaped and attached to the barrier material so that the water vapor permeability of the barrier material is only marginal, if any is affected. This is achieved in that only a small area of the barrier material is covered by the stabilization device. Preferably, the stabilizer is directed down to the ground. First and foremost, the stabilization device is not a protective function but a stabilization device.

Opening of the stabilizer:

The at least one opening of the stabilization device is limited by its at least one frame. The area of an opening is determined less the area of all webs crossing it.

Shoe:

Footwear consisting of a composite shoe sole and a closed top (shaft).

Shoe bottom:

The shoe bottom covers all layers below the foot.

Thermal activation:

The thermal activation takes place by applying energy to the fiber composite, which leads to an increase in the temperature of the material up to the softening temperature range.

Water-permeable composite shoe sole:

Tested is a composite shoe sole according to centrifuge arrangement in the US-A-5,329,807 Before testing it must be ensured that a possibly existing shaft bottom functional layer is made permeable to water. A water-permeable composite shoe sole is assumed if this test is failed. Optionally, the colored liquid test is performed to identify the path of the fluid through the composite shoe sole.

laminate:

Laminate is a composite consisting of a waterproof, water vapor permeable functional layer with at least one textile layer. The at least one textile layer, also called the side, serves mainly to protect the functional layer during its processing. This is called a 2-layer laminate. A 3-layer laminate consists of a waterproof, water vapor-permeable functional layer, which is embedded between two textile layers, wherein a point-like adhesive can be applied between these layers.

Waterproof functional layer / barrier unit:

A functional layer is considered to be "waterproof", if appropriate including seams provided on the functional layer, if it ensures a water inlet pressure of at least 1x10 ⁴ Pa.

Top of the shoe sole compound:

Under the top of the shoe sole composite is the surface of the composite shoe sole, which lies opposite the shaft bottom.

Sole:

Under outsole is the part of the composite shoe sole that touches the ground / subgrade or makes the main contact with the ground / ground.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

fiber composite

2

first fiber component

3

second fiber component

4

core

5

coat

6

connection

21

Shoe sole composite

23

outsole

25

Shoe stabilization device

27

Opening outsole

29

Opening shoe stabilizer

31

perforation

33

barrier material
33a barrier material
33b barrier material
33c barrier material
33d barrier material

35

barrier unit

37

stabilization bar
37a single bridge
37b single bridge
37c single bridge
37d stabilizing grid

39

adhesive

43

circular area

101

shoe

103

shaft

105

Shoe sole composite

107

forefoot

109

midfoot

111

heel

113

Fußeinschlupföffnung

115

shaft bottom

117

multi-part outsole
117a multi-part outsole heel area
117b multi-part outsole foot ball area
117c multi-part outsole toe area

119

stabilizing device
119a heel area
119b metatarsal area
119c forefoot area

121

Damping sole part
121a Damping sole part heel area
121b inseam part midfoot area openings outsole
123a heel area
123b metatarsal area
123c forefoot area

125

Through opening in the heel region 119a of the stabilizing device Openings Damping sole part
127a heel area
127b metatarsal area
127c forefoot area bounding edge of the shoe stabilizer
129a midfoot area
129b forefoot area
129c forefoot area

131

projections

133

wells
Openings stabilization device
135a midfoot area
135b forefoot area
135c forefoot area
135d forefoot area Reinforcement mesh
137a metatarsal area
137b forefoot area
137c forefoot area
137d forefoot area

139

connecting element

141

wing

143

Wing parts stabilization device

145

stabilizing rib

147

Frame of the stabilizer

150

bearing protrusion

151

supporting

153

tread

211

Upper position

213

lining layer

214

textile situation

215

Shaft functional layer

216

Shaft functional layer laminate

217

Upper shaft end

219

Sole-side shank end

221

shaft bottom

233

Shaft mounting sole

235

Strobel seam

237

Shaft bottom functional layer laminate

238

Bottom end of upper material layer

239

Sole-side end of the shaft functional layer layer

241

seam tape

243

first seam

244

textile situation

245

peripheral region

246

textile side

247

membrane

248

sealing material

249

Zwick adhesive

250

attach adhesive

260

Sole spraying material

COMPARISON CHART

material Split sole leather Nonwoven only needle-bonded Nonwoven only needle-bonded Nonwoven needle-bonded and thermally solidified Nonwoven needle-bonded, thermally consolidated; thermal Oberflächenverpressung 3.3 N / ^cm2 / 230 ° C / 10 s material number Material 1 Material 2 Material 3 Material 4 Material 5 material 100% leather 100% PES 100% PES PES + Bico-PES total 100% PES PES + Bico-PES total 100% PES Basis weight [g / m ² ] 2383 206 125 398 397 Thickness [mm] 3.36 2.96 2.35 1.71 1.46 MVTR [g / m ² 24h] (1) 3323 8086 9568 9459 9881 Longitudinal strain at 50 N [%] 1 34 55 0 0 Elongation at 100 N [%] 2 48 79 1 0 Elongation at 150 N [%] 2 59 104 1 0 Tear force [N] 3106 324 152 641 821 Tensile elongation at break [%] 40 94 107 26 27 Transverse strain at 50 N [%] 0 32 46 0 0 Transverse strain at 100 N [%] 1 43 63 1 0 Transverse strain at 150 N [%] 1 52 75 1 0 Tear-off force [N] 4841 410 252 884 742 Tear extension [%] 43 92 99 35 32 Puncture resistance [N] 857 5 6 317 291 Abrasion wet [tours] (2) 25,600 / 30,100 20,600 / 20,600 20,700 / 16,500 70,200 / 70,200 614,000 / 704,000 Abrasion Carbon [Tours] (2) about 35,000 1570/1600 452/452 7700/7700 14,000 / 15,400 (1) DIN EN ISO 15496 (09/2004)
(2) DIN EN ISO 12947-1; -2 (04/1999)
Men's low shoe Gr. 42/43 (french)
Test duration: 3 hours
All the shades were built identically. ie stray only by natural dispersion of materials (leather, textile, etc.)
Shank can be waterproof
Constant amount of water in all shoes
Insertion holes removed for the test
Shoe bottom construction in No. 2 and 3 comparisons - In No. 1 only the outsole is closed, ie it has no openings Shoe-No. repeat measurements Sole water vapor permeable YES / NO Airflow over the shaft and under the sole Weight m2 [g] before starting the test Weight m3 [g] after the end of the test Total water vapor permeability MVTR = (m2 - m3) / test duration [g / k] Average of repeat measurements per shoe number MVTR [g / h] Water vapor permeability of the shoe bottom structure [g / h] 1 1 No Yes 1,106.66 1,097.55 3.0 1 2 No Yes 1,103.58 1,095.03 2.8 1 3 No Yes 1,102.98 1,094.63 2.8 1 4 No Yes 1,112.44 1,102.54 3.3 1 5 No Yes 1,143.9 1,133.75 3.4 3.1 0 1 6 No Yes 1,108.56 1,098.42 3.4 1 7 No Yes 1,102.62 1,094.15 2.8 1 8th No Yes 1,101.78 1,093.16 2.9 1 9 No Yes 1,117.55 1,107.86 3.2 2 1 Yes Yes 1,179.2 1,167.06 4.0 2 2 Yes Yes 1,156.7 1,144.85 4.0 2 3 Yes Yes 1,144.65 1,132.97 3.9 2 4 Yes Yes 1,159.46 1,148.3 3.7 4.0 4.0-3.1 = 0.9 2 5 Yes Yes 1,153.56 1,142.5 3.7 2 6 Yes Yes 1,175.88 1,163.36 4,2 2 7 Yes Yes 1,173.78 1,180.84 4.3 2 8th Yes Yes 1,165.54 1,153.05 4,2 3 1 Yes Yes 1153 1140 4.3 3 2 Yes Yes 1,168.42 1,156.17 4.1 4.3 4.3 - 3.1 = 1.2 3 3 Yes Yes 1,160.6 1,146.98 4.5 3 4 Yes Yes 1,183.8 1,170.5 4.4

Claims (15)

A water vapor permeable composite shoe sole (105) having a top side (50), comprising: at least one aperture (31) extending through the composite shoe sole thickness; a barrier unit (35) having an upper side at least partially forming the upper side (50) of the shoe sole composite (105) and having a water-vapor-permeable barrier material (33) designed as a barrier against pushing foreign bodies, by means of which the at least one opening (31) is permeable to water vapor is closed; a stabilizer (25) associated with the barrier material (33) for mechanical stabilization of the composite shoe sole (105) and constructed with at least one stabilizer bar (37) disposed on at least one surface of the barrier material (33); Breakthrough (31) at least partially crossed; and at least one outsole part (117) arranged below the barrier unit (35). Footwear with a composite shoe sole (105) according to claim 1, comprising a shaft (103) provided on a sole-side shaft end region (219) with a watertight and water vapor-permeable shaft bottom functional layer (247). Footwear according to Claim 2, wherein the composite shoe sole (105) is connected to the shaft end region provided with the shaft bottom functional layer (247) in such a way that the shaft bottom functional layer (247) at least in the region of the at least one opening (31) with the barrier material (33) wholly or substantially unconnected. Footwear according to Claim 2 or 3, in which the shaft (103) is constructed with at least one shaft material, wherein the shaft material has a watertight shaft functional layer (215) at least in the region of the sole side shaft end region (219) and between the shaft functional layer (215) and the shaft bottom functional layer (247) is a watertight seal. Footwear according to one of claims 2 to 4, whose shaft bottom (221) next to the shaft bottom functional layer (247) has a water vapor permeable shaft mounting base (233), wherein the shaft mounting base (233) in particular with the sole side Schaftendbereich (219) via a Strobelnaht (235) is connected , Footwear according to claim 5, wherein the shaft bottom functional layer (247) is disposed below the shaft mounting sole (233) and extends in a peripheral region (245) beyond the circumference of the shaft mounting sole (233) to the sole side shaft end region (219). Footwear according to claim 6, wherein in the peripheral region (245) in which the shaft bottom functional layer (247) extends beyond the circumference of the shaft mounting sole (233), a sealing material (248) is interposed between a sole end (239) of the shaft functional layer (215) and the shaft bottom functional layer (247) is arranged, by means of which a watertight connection between the sole side end (239) of the shaft functional layer (215) and the shaft bottom functional layer (247) is made. Footwear according to one of claims 2 to 7, whose shaft bottom functional layer (247) is part of a multilayer laminate (237). Footwear according to claim 8, whose shaft mounting sole (233) is constructed with the laminate (237). Footwear according to claim 9, wherein the shaft bottom functional layer laminate (237) is connected to the sole end of the shaft functional layer (215) via a stitching seam (235) and a sealing material (248) is applied in the area of the strobel seam (235) such that a watertight connection between the sole side end (239) of the shaft functional layer (215) and the peripheral portion of the shaft bottom functional layer (247) including the strobe seam (235). Footwear according to claim 10, wherein in the sole-side shank end region (219) the upper material layer (211) is shorter than the shank functional layer (215), so that there is provided a projection of the shank functional layer (215) opposite the upper material layer (211), wherein further between the sole side At the end (238) of the upper material layer (211) and the sole end (239) of the shank functional layer (215), there is arranged a net (241) or another material permeable to sealing material, the longitudinal side thereof remote from the strobe seam (235) being 243) is connected to the sole side end of (238) the top material layer (211) but not to the shaft functional layer (215), and its longitudinal side facing the strobel seam (235) is connected to the shaft bottom functional layer laminate (237) by means of the stitching seam (235) , and wherein the sole composite (105) is injection-molded with sole injection material (260) on the shaft bottom (211), so that sole spraying material penetrates the mesh belt (241) and forms the watertight connection between the sole-side end (239) of the shaft functional layer (215) and the peripheral region of the shaft bottom functional layer (247) including the stroking seam (235). Footwear according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the shaft bottom functional layer laminate (247) is arranged immediately above the opposite upper side of the barrier unit (35). Footwear according to one of the claims 2 to 12, having a shoe bottom construction comprising the composite shoe sole (105) and the upper shaft functional layer (247) above it, the shoe bottom structure having a water vapor transmission rate (MVTR) in the range of 0.4 g / h - 3 g / h, in particular in the range of 0.8 g / h - 1.5 g / h. Footwear according to one of claims 2 to 13, wherein the barrier material (33) is connected to the shaft bottom (221) by means of adhesive (39) applied on its upper side such that the shaft bottom (221) is unconnected to the barrier material (33) everywhere where no material of the at least one stabilizing web (37) is located on the underside of the barrier material (33). Process for the production of footwear with a water vapor permeable composite shoe sole (105) and a shaft (103) attached to a sole side Shaft end region (219) is provided with a watertight and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer (247) according to one of claims 2 to 14, wherein the method comprises the following method steps: a) the shoe sole composite (105) and the shaft (103) are provided; b) the shaft (103) is provided on the sole side end region (219) with a watertight and water vapor permeable shaft bottom functional layer (247); c) the composite shoe sole (105) and the sole-side shank end region (219) provided with the shank bottom functional layer (247) are connected to one another such that the shank bottom functional layer (247) is entirely or at least in the region of the at least one opening (31) with the barrier material (33) remains largely unconnected.

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