EP2907662A1 - Assembly of a processing machine for web or sheet-like print substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

An assembly of a sheet or web-shaped substrate processing machine comprises a functional polymer (6) - a so-called smart polymer - for modifying a property of a component of the assembly. The assembly may for example be a roller (25). The component of the assembly may be a roll cover (26). The property that is changed may be, for example, a diameter.

Description

The present invention relates to an assembly of an arcuate or web-shaped substrate processing machine. These machines include printing machines and finishing machines. With finishing machines, the printed sheets or printed webs are further processed after printing.

In EP 2 045 078 A2 is a printing machine with a printing plate and a roller described. Under the printing form, a polymeric cellular electret film is arranged. With an electric drive, the roller is adjusted to the printing plate until the output of the electret foil voltage equivalent or a characteristic derived therefrom corresponds to a predetermined desired value.

A well-known flat-bed punch, which is used for punching, breaking, embossing and depositing sheets of paper, cardboard and the like, is for example from the DE 30 44 083 A1 known. The two tables are equipped with cutting and scoring tools or corresponding counter tools with which punched out of the cyclically guided between the table surface sheets the benefits and at the same time pressed the necessary for clean folding grooves. In the subsequent breakout the waste is removed by machine tools. Depending on the equipment of the machine finally the punched benefits can be separated in a designated Nutzentrenneinrichtung.
In order to obtain high quality products, the punching pressure in the sheet punching and embossing machine must be adjustable according to the sheet being processed.

Like in the DE 30 44 083 C3 described, this is done by moving wedge-shaped steel plates. These steel plates are located between eccentric shafts and the driven upper table. By moving the wedge-shaped steel plates, the distance between the moving upper table and fixed lower table, and thus the punching force, is changed.

The various devices for adjusting the punching force according to the prior art have in common that the punching force can only be adjusted globally, ie based on the entire surface of the crucible. Due to the design, however, an uneven punching force distribution over the surface of the crucible is present in all stamping and embossing machines according to the prior art. The punching force is introduced via individual force introduction points and thus does not affect the entire crucible surface. Depending on the rigidity of the crucible, there is a deformation of upper and lower table, which in turn results in an uneven punching pressure distribution over the surface of the crucible. Also height differences of the punching or Rillmesser, as well as the wear of the knife cause an uneven punching pressure distribution. The unequal punching pressure in turn causes an unclean cutting of the cutting blade of the punching tool or an insufficient pronounced creasing of the creasing blade of the stamping tool.
In the prior art, this problem is solved by the punching blades are individually highlighted. Depending on the deviation from the nominal punching force, the punching knives on the back of the tool are glued behind with paper or plastic strips of various thicknesses. This so-called trimming is very time-consuming and must be done at machine standstill. Depending on the number of punching blades and the shape to be punched, trimming can take several hours. The high set-up time results in low machine productivity.

The present invention has for its object to provide a versatile assembly.

This object is achieved by an assembly having the features of claim 1. The assembly according to the invention of a sheet or web-shaped printing material processing machine comprises a functional polymer - a so-called smart polymer - for changing a property of a component of the assembly. The functional polymer is also referred to in the English as Functional Polymer or Smart Polymer or stimuli-responsive polymer. The assembly according to the invention can be used in many ways, for example in printing presses or in further processing machines, for example punching or embossing machines.

In the subclaims advantageous developments of the assembly according to the invention are mentioned.

In a development, the component modifiable by the functional polymer is at least one of the following properties: the elastic hardness of the component, the compressibility of the component, the resilience of the component, the friction coefficient of the component, the thickness of the component or the diameter of the component.

In another development, the component is a printing press cylinder, a printing press roll, a printing press cylinder barrel, a printing press roll cover, a coating film guide roll, a substrate punch or a substrate embossing tool.

In a further development, the functional polymer is a magnetically active polymer, an electrically active polymer or a dielectric elastomer.

In a further development, the component has a plurality of zones in which the functional polymer is located, and the zones can be controlled individually.

In a further development, the zones are formed as ring segments or field elements. The ring segments are arranged in axial alignment with each other and can be controlled such that there is a roll crown or a cylinder crown. The field elements together form a mosaic pattern and can be controlled such that the mosaic pattern corresponds to a print image to be printed on the substrate.

In a further development, the assembly comprises a roller with a roller core, actuators and a rubber cover. The actuators are annular (so-called ring actuators) and arranged on the roller core. The rubber cover may consist of a rubber-elastic plastic and is arranged on the ring actuators. The ring actuators each include an inner electrode, an outer electrode and a elastic dielectric (dielectric elastomer). The dielectric is arranged in the radial direction between the inner electrode and the outer electrode.

In a further development, the assembly also comprises a roller with a roller core, actuators and a rubber cover. The actuators are here also ring actuators and arranged on the roll core. The rubber cover can also consist of a rubber-elastic plastic and is arranged on the ring actuators. In this development, the ring actuators each comprise two outer electrodes and an elastic dielectric, which is arranged in the axial direction between the two electrodes. The actuators with the dielectric elastomer are referred to in English as "dielectric elastomer actuators" (DEA).

There are further developments possible.

The component may be a blanket for offset printing. With the functional polymer, the hardness of the elastic cover layer of the blanket can be varied. The setting of the hardness can be done depending on the printing material, which is printed with the blanket. Different blanket hardnesses can be set for different substrate materials. This results in the advantage that it is no longer necessary to use multiple different blankets for the different substrates, but only one and the same universal blanket. Thus, the blanket stock and the designated storage space can be minimized. An additional advantage is the elimination of set-up times that would otherwise be required for the change of blankets between the print jobs with different substrates. The hardness of the blanket can be varied by applying a field to the functional polymer. In this case, the field can be varied in terms of its strength and / or frequency and applied pulsed. It can be applied with different pulse shapes and duty cycles (pulse-pause ratios) to set the desired elastic hardness of the component. The field is applied to the functional polymer at the location of the desired property change; this is the pressure gap in the case of the blanket. When using an electroactive polymer (EAP) as a functional polymer, the field is an electric field. When using a magneto-active Polymers (MAP) is the field a magnetic field. Different substrates require in the nip different surface pressures between blanket and substrate and different contact strip widths - this is meant the flattening of the blanket in the nip. With the functional polymer, the elastic hardness of the blanket and above the surface pressure and the contact strip width can be changed, for a given contact pressure of the contact pressure of the blanket to the substrate. With the functional polymer can be changed at a given "theoretical body penetration" (delivery of the blanket cylinder with the blanket to the impression cylinder with the printing material and the resulting Eindrücktiefe) the elastic hardness of the blanket and above the surface pressure. The functional polymer can be used not only to change the contact strip width and surface pressure between the blanket and the substrate, but also between the blanket and the cleaning roller. If the blanket is not on the blanket cylinder (offset cylinder) but on an inking roller (eg an anilox printing unit), the contact strip width and / or surface pressure in the nip between the inking roller and the printing form cylinder and / or between can be achieved by the control of the functional polymer taking place with the field Ink roller and anilox roller are set.

To change the property of the component - here the elastic hardness of the blanket - by means of the functional polymer formed as EAP, there are two basic possibilities. Either the electrical voltage is applied directly to the functional polymer by means of electrodes, for example if this is a dielectric polymer. Or the functional polymer is contactlessly exposed to an external electric field, which causes a so-called internal distortion by aligning induced or permanent dipoles in the functional polymer (EAP material). In the variant with electrodes, these can be formed as integrated surface electrodes, which contact the elastic EAP layer. The respective surface electrode can be structured and extend over the entire surface of the EAP layer or only over parts of this surface. It is also possible for a plurality of surface electrodes, which can be contacted separately, to be arranged on one or both sides of the EAP layer. However, the elastic EAP layer can also be contacted by the electrodes on the end faces of the blanket. It is either a local electrode contact or an electrode contact over the entire length of the blanket or over the entire circumference of the cylinder or roller on which the blanket is located, possible. The local electrode contact may be a solid contact or a sliding contact. If the uppermost layer of the blanket is formed by the EAP layer, it can be contacted on its upper side by a body which is in mechanical contact with this upper side and sufficiently electrically conductive, the so-called counterpart, and integrated on its underside by a rubber blanket Surface electrode to be contacted. Also in the variant with the electrode contact on the end faces, a plurality of contactable electrodes can be arranged separately.

In the case of the MAP layer, this can be contacted without contact with the magnetic field, which penetrates the MAP layer. Soft magnetic material may be disposed on either side of the MAP layer, either in close proximity to the MAP layer or in contact with the MAP layer. The soft magnetic material acts according to the pole shoe principle as an amplifier of the magnetic field. In a further variant, a permanent magnetic layer and a coil through which the electric current flows are used. The permanent magnetic layer is on one side and the coil is arranged on the other side of the cylinder gap, eg press nip, or nip. By the two sides of the gap, the two sides spaced apart in the radial direction are meant. For example, the permanent magnetic layer on the side of the blanket cylinder and the coil on the side of the impression cylinder, which forms the pressure nip together with the blanket cylinder. Another possibility is the arrangement of a coil pair, which includes the cylinder gap or nip. The coil pair preferably forms a Helmholtz coil for generating a homogeneous magnetic field. If the two cylinders or rollers, which together form the gap in the region of which the elastic hardness is to be changed, have an identical diameter, a considerable magnetic field can be generated with a single coil for activating the MAP material. For example, the two cylinders or rollers of the same diameter may be, for example, the inking roller and the anilox roller or may be, for example, the blanket cylinder and the printing form cylinder, or may be, for example act the blanket cylinder and the impression cylinder. The arrangement variants explained in connection with the use of the EAP material - in this case for the arrangement of the electrodes and for the contacting - also apply in a figurative sense to the use of the MAP material. The electrically conductive electrode material used when using the EAP material must be replaced with soft magnetic material when using the MAP material. For example, at the two opposite sides of the MAP layer can be introduced into these soft magnetic particles in high concentration.

However, as in the case of the blanket, the part of the machine whose characteristic is changed with the functional polymer forming press cylinder cylinder or press roll cover need not necessarily form the ink transferring peripheral surface of the assembly - here the cylinder or roller - but may as well a pad or mat disposed on the cylinder or roller under the cylinder elevator or roller cover forming the ink-transferring circumferential surface. For example, the functional polymer may be part of a blanket pad which is placed under a blanket. In the case of the backing, this contains the functional polymer, e.g. the EAP material or the MAP material, and is changed with this the elastic hardness of the underlay. This results in the advantage that the subject to wear outer cylinder winding or roller cover is separate from the underlying pad and can be replaced when reaching the wear limit, without having to replace the pad and thus the functional polymer. For example, when replacing a worn blanket with a new blanket, the functional polymer blanket placed under the worn blanket on the cylinder may remain on the cylinder. By using one and the same functional polymer backing for many blankets without functional polymer, the cost of replacement parts and operating costs are reduced.

A further development relates to the change in the compressibility of the component by controlling the functional polymer with which the component is equipped. Also in this development, it may be in the component to the already mentioned Transfer cloth or blanket act. This blanket may comprise a compression layer of a foamed polymer, wherein the foamed polymer is a foamed functional polymer. The foamed functional polymer may be a foamed EAP or a foamed MAP. By using the EAP material or the MAP material in the blanket, the compression layer of the blanket can be changed in its compressibility and can be varied at a given contact pressure the Eindrückiefe or at a given Eindrücktiefe the contact pressure can be varied. The compression layer containing the foamed functional polymer may be part of a base under the cylinder or roll cover which, in this case, need not contain a functional polymer compression layer. By the support that component is formed whose compressibility is variable by means of the functional polymer. For example, a blanket may have a compression layer without functional polymer, and the underlay placed under this blanket on the cylinder may have a compression layer with foamed functional polymer. The explanations already given in connection with the variation of the elastic hardness of the possibilities of the formation of contact surfaces and electrodes as well as the application and variation of the electric and magnetic fields for the control of the functional polymer also apply in a figurative sense to the variation of the compressibility. An embodiment of the variation of the compressibility can be given, for example, in the case of the formation of the machine processing the printing substrate as an electrophotographically operating machine. Such an electrophotographically operating machine has a transfer cylinder which receives the printed image in a first transfer nip and delivers it to the printing substrate in a second transfer nip. The transfer of the printed image in the first transfer nip onto the transfer cylinder takes place under the assistance of an electric field. The transfer cylinder may be covered with a transfer blanket or blanket having a functional polymer compression layer or disposed on a substrate having the functional polymer compression layer. In the first transfer nip a high compressibility of the blanket is required to compensate for tolerances and to minimize surface pressure. In the second transfer gap, on the other hand, a low compressibility is required to achieve a high surface pressure. By a corresponding Control of the functional polymer, the compressibility of the compression layer at the two transfer columns can be set independently of each other. In this case, the design of the functional polymer as MAP has the advantage that the magnetic field used to drive the MAP in the second transfer nip does not adversely affect the electric field, which in the first transfer nip supports the transfer of the print image to the transfer cylinder. In principle, however, the formation of the functional polymer as an EAP is also possible in the described case of the electrophotographic machine. It can be ensured by certain measures that the required in the first transfer nip for transmitting the printed image electric field is not weakened by the required in the second transfer gap for activating the EAP of the compression layer electric field. The measures may include structured integrated surface electrodes above and / or below the compression layer. Another measure, in which integrated electrodes are not required, consists in a parallel with the electric field in the first transfer gap orientation of the electric field in the second transfer nip.

A further development relates to the variation of the resilience of serving as a cylinder lift or roll cover blanket or transfer blanket. Resilience is a measure of how quickly the material of the component - here the blanket - is compressed after impressing or flattening the material in the cylinder or nip, e.g. in the nip, spring back from the gap when leaving. For the variation of the resilience MAP is particularly suitable as a functional polymer. By varying the strength of the magnetic field applied to the MAP, the loss modulus of the MAP can be varied. Changing the loss module will change the time it takes for the MAP or the rubber blanket to return to its original shape after pressing the MAP in the cylinder or nip. As a result, the course of the surface pressure in the outlet region of the cylinder or roller gap is varied.

In a further development, the thickness of the component is that property which can be varied by means of the functional polymer. By using an electrically active polymer (EAP) and / or a magnetically active polymer (MAP), the thickness of a layer can be determined by applying an electric and / or magnetic field at the location of the desired property change can be varied. For example, an elastic and / or compressible layer of a transfer blanket can be changed in its thickness by using the EAP and / or MAP material and thus the contact strip width and surface pressure of the transfer blanket with another body, for example the printing substrate or a cleaning roller, for a given contact pressure be changed or the surface pressure at a given theoretical body penetration (delivery, Eindrücktiefe) are changed. However, the functional polymer can be used not only as an adjusting device for stepless adjustment of the thickness, but also as a switching device for switching the component in two switching states. The two switching states can be the pressure adjustment and the print off when the transfer cloth is on a cylinder forming the printing gap, for example the blanket cylinder. The pressure setting and the print shutdown can be switched via the variable thickness of the transfer fabric or a base arranged under it. An example of the use of the functional polymer of the transfer blanket or the functional polymer of the pad for stepless adjustment is the adjustment of the printing allowance. When setting the Druckbeistellung a distance between the transfer cylinder and a cooperating impression cylinder in dependence on the thickness of the printing material, for example, the paper sheet thickness is set. The change in thickness of the transfer blanket or the base can be done either only locally, eg in the transfer nip or printing nip, or over the entire circumference of the transfer cylinder at the same time. Another application of the change in thickness caused by the functional polymer is the generation of variable local electric fields, eg by an array of electrodes, or local magnetic fields, eg by an array of coils, in a gap extending longitudinally transversely to the printing direction. Individual small areas of the transfer blanket can be brought into contact with a counterpart, eg an inking roller or the printing material, in order to produce individual printing dots or a printed image from a homogeneous ink layer in this way. Another application is the compensation of unevenness of the counterpart or transfer blank across the printing direction. In general, concentricity errors or other unevennesses in the printing direction can be compensated, for example, to keep the distance of a surface to a non-touching write head, such as an inkjet array or an LED array, constant by a regulation. Regarding the possible embodiments of the Changes in thickness used active materials (functional polymers), their possible contacting and the fields applied thereto, reference is made to the already given in connection with the variation of the elastic hardness and the compressibility explanations, which apply in a figurative sense for the variation of the thickness.

A further development includes the variation of the coefficient of friction of a surface of the component by means of the functional polymer. The application of electrical and / or magnetic fields to layers of the EAP and / or MAP material can be used to vary the coefficient of friction of the layer surface. This variation can be done depending on the material of the layer surface by changing the elastic hardness and / or the surface roughness. For example, the top layer of a transfer blanket can be varied in its coefficient of friction by using the EAP and / or MAP material and by applying an electric and / or magnetic field to the material. A concrete application example is the following: The surface of a transfer fabric should have the highest possible coefficient of friction for the friction occurring via friction rotary drive employed on the transfer blanket, for the interaction with a cleaning element, however, the lowest possible coefficient of friction. By means of the functional polymer of the transfer fabric, its surface can be switched with regard to its coefficient of friction, optionally with a high coefficient of friction for the rollers and a low coefficient of friction for the cleaning element.

The component, whose property is changed by the functional polymer and in which the functional polymer is contained, may not only be the transfer blanket or blanket, but may instead be a printing form or printing plate and may also be a base under such a printing form. It is also possible that the component is a substrate under the printing material, e.g. around an impression cylinder cylinder lift.

Figuren 1 - 4:

verschiedene Varianten zur Änderung der elastischen Härte eines Transfertuchs mit Funktionspolymer,

Figuren 5 - 7:

verschiedene Varianten zur Änderung der Kompressibilität eines Transfertuchs mit Funktionspolymer,

Figuren 8 - 11:

verschiedene Varianten zur Änderung der Dicke eines Transfertuchs mit Funktionspolymer,

Figuren 12a + b:

eine mit Funktionspolymer mosaikartig verstellbare Unterlage für ein Transfertuch,

Figur 13:

eine mit Funktionspolymer segmentweise verstellbare Unterlage für ein Transfertuch,

Figuren 14a + b:

eine mit Funktionspolymer zonenweise verstellbare Tauchwalze,

Figuren 15a - c:

einen Ringaktor mit einander radial gegenüberliegenden Elektroden,

Figuren 16a - c:

eine mit Ringaktoren gemäß Figuren 15a - c ausgestattete Walze, wobei die Ringaktoren passiv sind,

Figuren 17a - c:

die Walze aus Figuren 16a - c, wobei die Ringaktoren aktiviert sind,

Figuren 18a - c:

eine weitere Walze mit Ringaktoren gemäß Figuren 15a - c,

Figuren 19a - c:

einen Ringaktor mit einander axial gegenüberliegenden Elektroden,

Figuren 20a + b:

eine Walze mit Ringaktoren gemäß Figuren 19a - c, wobei die Ringaktoren passiv sind,

Figuren 21 a - c:

die Walze aus Figuren 20a + b, wobei die Ringaktoren aktiviert sind,

Figur 22:

eine Bahnführungswalze mit einer einfachen Bombierung, die durch ein Funktionspolymer bewirkt ist,

Figur 23:

eine Bahnführungswalze mit einer mehrfachen Bombierung, die durch ein Funktionspolymer bewirkt ist,

Figur 24:

eine Bahnführungswalze mit einer Kegelform, die durch ein Funktionspolymer bewirkt ist,

Figur 25:

eine Stanzstation,

Figur 26:

ein Oberwerkzeug der Stanzstation aus Figur 25 und

Figur 27:

ein Stanzmesser der Stanzstation aus Figur 25. In den Figuren 1 bis 27 sind einander entsprechende Elemente und Bauteile mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet.

Other structurally and functionally advantageous developments will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGS. 1 to 4:

various variants for changing the elastic hardness of a transfer fabric with functional polymer,

Figures 5 - 7:

various variants for changing the compressibility of a transfer fabric with functional polymer,

Figures 8-11:

various variants for changing the thickness of a transfer fabric with functional polymer,

Figures 12a + b:

a functional polymer mosaic-like adjustable underlay for a transfer fabric,

FIG. 13:

a pad for a transfer fabric segmentable with functional polymer,

Figures 14a + b:

a dipping roller zonally adjustable with functional polymer,

FIGS. 15a-c:

a ring actuator with radially opposed electrodes,

FIGS. 16a-c:

one with ring actuators according to FIGS. 15a-c equipped roller, the ring actuators being passive,

FIGS. 17a-c:

the roller off FIGS. 16a-c , where the ring actuators are activated,

FIGS. 18a-c:

another roller with ring actuators according to FIGS. 15a-c .

FIGS. 19a-c:

a ring actuator with axially opposed electrodes,

Figures 20a + b:

a roller with ring actuators according to FIGS. 19a-c , where the ring actuators are passive,

FIGS. 21a-c:

the roller off FIGS. 20a + b, where the ring actuators are activated,

FIG. 22:

a web guide roll with a simple crowning effected by a functional polymer

FIG. 23:

a web guide roll having a multiple crown caused by a functional polymer;

FIG. 24:

a web guide roll having a conical shape caused by a functional polymer

FIG. 25:

a punching station,

FIG. 26:

an upper tool of the punching station FIG. 25 and

FIG. 27:

a punching knife of the punching station FIG. 25 , In the FIGS. 1 to 27 are mutually corresponding elements and components designated by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 shows a transfer cylinder 1 of a printing press for offset printing. The transfer cylinder 1 has a transfer blanket 2 on the circumference. The printing press can also be referred to as a printing material processing machine and the transfer cylinder 1 forms an assembly of this printing material processing machine. The transfer fabric 2 forms a component of the assembly. The transfer fabric 2 comprises a carrier layer 4, z. B. cotton fabric, a first electrode 5, a functional polymer 6 and a second electrode 7. The functional polymer 6 is an electro-active polymer (EAP) and arranged between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7. The first electrode 5, the second electrode 7 and the functional polymer 6 each form a layer. The transfer fabric 2 is formed as a composite or laminate. With the first electrode 5 is a counterpart 3 in contact. The counterpart 3 is a cylinder or a roller which rolls on the transfer blanket 2. To the elastic hardness of the functional polymer 6 and thus to change the transfer blanket 2, an electric voltage is applied between the electrodes 5, 7. For applying the electrical voltage, a clamping device of the transfer cylinder 1 can be used, with which the transfer blanket 2 is held and tensioned at its leading edge or trailing edge. It is possible that the carrier layer 4 is designed to be electrically conductive and that the transfer cylinder 1 is grounded or has a defined potential. In this case, the functional polymer 6 does not necessarily have to form the uppermost layer of the transfer blanket 2.

Alternatively it can be provided that the first electrode 5 is omitted and the surface of the counterpart 3 is formed electrically conductive. The electrical voltage can be applied in this case between the counterpart 3 and the second electrode 7. Also in this alternative embodiment, the carrier layer 4 may be electrically conductive and the transfer cylinder 1 may be grounded or have a defined potential.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment which is different from that in FIG. 1 only differs in that the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7 are omitted. The electrodes can be omitted, because in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the presence of an electric field is sufficient to activate the functional polymer 6 and not, as in the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 1 , an electrical voltage needs to be applied to the functional polymer 6. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the electric field is generated by applying an electrical voltage between the transfer cylinder 1 or the carrier layer 4 on the one hand and the counterpart 3 on the other hand. For this purpose, the surface of the counterpart 3 does not necessarily have to be electrically conductive.

In a drawing not shown modification of the embodiment in FIG. 2 Although in this case the first electrode 5 is omitted, but the second electrode 7 is present. Here, the surface of the counterpart 3 is electrically conductive and an electrical voltage between the counterpart 3 and the second electrode 7 (see FIG. 1 ). As a result, the electric field is generated, through which the functional polymer 6 is activated. Again, the carrier layer 4 conductive be formed and the transfer cylinder 1 to be grounded or have a defined potential.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the functional polymer 6 is a magnetically active polymer (MAP), which is activated by a magnetic field. Instead of the electrodes, the transfer fabric 2 has a first layer 8 and a second layer 9, between which the functional polymer 6 forming layer is arranged. The first layer 8 is a soft magnetic layer and the second layer 9 is a soft magnetic or permanent magnetic layer. The layers 8, 9 are not absolutely necessary, but advantageous for amplifying the magnetic field. The functional polymer 6 activating magnetic field can be generated by one or more current-carrying coils 11, 12, 13. By way of example, positions for these coils 11, 12, 13 are shown graphically. The first coil 11 and the second coil 12 may be located inside or outside the counterpart 3. The third coil 13 is located within the transfer cylinder 1. If the assembly is not the transfer cylinder 1, but a pressure roller, the third coil 13 may also be arranged outside the assembly.

Alternatively, it is also possible to use a permanent magnet 10 in combination with one or more current-carrying coils for generating the functional polymer 6 activating magnetic field. The permanent magnet may be formed by a permanent magnetic layer.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment, which differs from the in FIG. 3 shown distinguished by the presence of a pad 14 between the transfer cylinder 1 and the transfer blanket 2. The base 14 forms a functional polymer layer, here a MAP layer, which is present alternatively or in addition to the functional polymer 6.

In a graphically not shown modification of the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, the pad 14 is also present in this alternative or in addition to the functional polymer 6, wherein the functional polymer of the pad 14 a EAP layer forms. Is the pad 14 in the modification of the embodiment in FIG. 1 In addition to the functional polymer 6 present, then the pad 14 can be acted upon with the same voltage as the functional polymer 6 or with a different voltage than the functional polymer 6.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the functional polymer 6 is a foamed EAP layer. The transfer fabric 2 comprises a cover layer 15, which is contacted by the counterpart 3 and is arranged on the first electrode 5. By applying the electrical voltage between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 7, the functional polymer 6 is activated and, since the latter is a foamed EAP layer, the compressibility of the transfer fabric 2 varies. Regarding the application of the electrical voltage applies in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 the same as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 , In particular, in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 the clamping device for holding the transfer fabric 2 to be provided with an electrical contact, via which the electrical voltage is transmitted to the transfer fabric 2.

If the transfer fabric at different peripheral locations of the transfer cylinder 1 should each have a different compressibility, which is to be adjusted by means of the functional polymer 6, at least one of the two electrodes 5, 7 is separated into a plurality of strips, which are arranged along the circumference of the cylinder. The mutually separate strips are acted upon at the end face of the transfer cylinder 1 via a sliding contact with the electrical voltage. By segmenting the electrode or electrodes in the strip-shaped segments they can be subjected to mutually different voltages, so that the correspondingly different compressibilities of the transfer blanket 2 along the circumference of the transfer cylinder 1 result from it.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment which is different from that in FIG. 5 only differs by the elimination of the electrodes 5, 7. The functional polymer 6 is activated by an electric field and it is not necessary to apply an electrical voltage to the functional polymer 6. As in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 will also be in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 the electrical voltage is applied between the transfer cylinder 1 or the carrier layer 4 on the one hand and the counterpart 3 on the other hand, wherein this electrical voltage generates the electric field, through which the functional polymer 6 is activated. The surface of the counterpart 3 does not have, as already with regard to FIG. 2 said to be electrically conductive.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment which is different from that in FIG. 3 only in two points, namely by the presence of the cover layer 15 and by the expression of the functional polymer 6 as a foamed MAP layer. The rubber-elastic cover layer 15 corresponds to the cover layer 15 of the embodiment according to FIG. 5 and is disposed on the soft magnetic first layer 8. The counterpart 3 rolls on the cover layer 15. By the loading of the functional polymer 6 with the magnetic field, the compressibility of the transfer fabric 2 is selectively varied.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the structural design of the transfer cylinder 1, the transfer fabric 2 and the counterpart 3 and the application of electrical voltage to the transfer fabric 2 and its functional polymer 6 the embodiment in FIG. 1 correspond. The activation of the functional polymer 6 by the electrical voltage causes a change in thickness 16 of the transfer fabric 2 in a radial direction relative to the transfer cylinder 1. This is the only difference of Embodiment 8 with respect to that in FIG FIG. 1 ,

FIG. 9 shows an embodiment which is different from that in FIG. 2 only differs in that a change in thickness 16 of the transfer fabric 2 is to be adjusted by the application of the functional polymer 6 with the electric field.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment which is different from that in FIG. 3 only differs in that by the taking place by means of the magnetic field activation of the functional polymer 6, a change in thickness 16 of the transfer blanket 2 is effected. Otherwise, the embodiment corresponds to FIG. 10 according to that FIG. 3 , Are arranged along the circumference of the transfer cylinder 1 more counterparts 3, which require different thicknesses of the transfer blanket 2, the change in thickness 16 in each of the gaps, which form the counterparts 3 with the transfer blanket 2, have a different level. The thickness of the transfer fabric 2 can therefore be changed locally in the respective nip and adjusted individually from nip to nip.

FIG. 11 shows an example in which the thickness of the transfer blanket 2 is varied with an array of microelectrodes or of microcoils. The array extends along its length parallel to the axis of rotation of the transfer cylinder 1. If according to a variant, the array 17 is a coil array, the functional polymer 6 is a MAP layer and is disposed on the top of the functional polymer 6 first layer 8 a soft magnetic layer and is arranged between the support layer 4 and the functional polymer 6 second layer 9 is a soft magnetic layer or a permanent magnetic layer. If, according to a second variant, the array 17 is an electrode array, the functional polymer 6 is an EAP layer and the layer arranged on the upper side of the functional polymer 6 forms a first electrode 5 and forms the layer arranged between the carrier layer 4 and the functional polymer 6 a second electrode 7 integrated into the transfer cylinder 1 can also be an array of coils 13 instead of the coil 13. With the in FIG. 11 illustrated arrangement can be generated and transmitted from a homogeneous ink layer out individual pressure points. In this case, the thickness of the transfer blanket 2 is varied transversely to the printing direction of the printing press, that is to say parallel to the direction of rotation of the transfer cylinder 1. There is a punctual change in thickness 16 of the transfer fabric 2.

As shown, alternatively, a permanent magnet 10 or a permanent magnetic layer may be used in combination with an array. In the presence of a plurality of counterparts 3, which each form a gap with the transfer cylinder 1, a different adjustment of the thickness of the transfer fabric 2 from one slit to the next is possible.

FIG. 12a shows a transfer cylinder 1, whose axis of rotation in the plane of the drawing FIG. 12a is, in contrast to the axis of rotation of the transfer cylinder 1 in FIG. 1 which perpendicular to the plane of the drawing FIG. 1 is oriented. On the Circumferential surface of the transfer cylinder 1 is a pad 14, which carries the transfer blanket 2. The base 14 comprises a carrier layer 4 and thereon a layer of functional polymer 6. The layer of the functional polymer 6 is subdivided into zones 18, each of which forms a functional polymer actuator. The functional polymer 6 is an electroactive polymer (EAP), especially a dielectric elastomer. Each zone 18 is assigned its own electrode 7, wherein the electrodes 7 are embedded in a matrix arrangement in the carrier layer 4. Some of the zones 18 are activated by an electrical voltage at their electrodes 7 and form active zones 19 during printing. The active zones 19 are expanded in a radial direction with respect to the transfer cylinder 1 and slightly lift the transfer fabric 2 in their area, so that this inside This area comes into contact with the substrate 20. Outside the area of the active zone 19, the transfer fabric 2 is not in contact with the printing material 20.

FIG. 12b shows the pad 14 in plan view, with the transfer fabric 2 and the substrate 20 are not shown for better visibility. It can be seen that the zones 18 are honeycomb-shaped and together form a mosaic pattern 21. The pad 14 is used together with the transfer blanket 2 thereon to print a print image 22 on the substrate 20, z. B. a spot varnish. The print image 22 is in FIG. 12b shown as an imaginary print image 22. Those zones 18 which lie in the area of the printed image 22 or overlap with it, form the active zones 19. As a result, the mosaic pattern 21 is switched or driven to a state in which it corresponds to the printed image 22 to be printed.

FIG. 13 shows that the transfer cylinder 1 is part of an offset printing unit. The offset printing unit also comprises a printing form cylinder 23 and an impression cylinder 24. The transfer cylinder 1 has on its circumference the base 14 with the functional polymer 6. On the base 14, the transfer fabric 2 is stretched, which transfers the ink from the Druckformyzlinder 23 on the substrate 20, which is transported by the impression cylinder 24. The pad 14 has zones 18, 19.1, 19.2 and 19.3, which have the shape of ring segments. By a corresponding control of the functional polymer 6 of the individual zones, these are adjusted differently. The axially outer zones 19.3 are most radially contracted. The Subsequent zones 19.2 are contracted slightly less radially. The middle zones 18 are not activated and therefore not contracted. The lying between the zones 19.2 and the middle zones 18 zones 19.1 are contracted less than the zones 19.2. As a result, the effective diameter of the transfer cylinder 1 rises from its both ends toward the center, and the transfer cylinder 1 has a crowned or barrel-shaped configuration. Due to the zonal control of the base 14, a zonal adjustment of the transfer fabric 2 to the format width of the printing material 20 is possible. Due to the zone-wise radial adjustment of the pad 14 and with this of the transfer fabric 2, the latter can be adapted to different print formats. This is advantageous as a countermeasure against so-called color buildup and against framing.

Figure 14a shows a roller 25, which is part of the dampening unit of the aforementioned offset printing press. The roller 25 is a fountain roller and draws from a water tank, not shown, the fountain solution, which from the dampening unit to the printing plate cylinder 23 (see. FIG. 13 ) is applied. The roller 25 has a rubber-elastic roller cover 26 and a main body 27. Between the roller cover 26 and the main body 27, the functional polymer 6 is arranged, which is divided into a number of adjacent actuators 30. Each of the actuators 30 is formed as a ring-shaped dielectric-elastomer actuator (DEA). Each actuator 30 determines a zone 18 or 19 of the roller 25. Between each actuator 30 and the actuator 30 adjacent thereto, an electrical insulation 28 is arranged. Reference numeral "29" denotes a wiring or an electrical terminal 29 to which each actuator 30 is provided. The terminals 29 make it possible to energize each actuator 30 independently of the other actuators in order to activate the respective actuator 30. The actuators 10 are individually controlled by the applied electrical voltage such that the actuators 30 more or less radially contract. In Figure 14a If none of the actuators 30 is supplied with electrical voltage and consequently the actuators 30 located at the ends of the rollers are not contracted, so that the zones 18 determined by these actuators 30 are not activated. FIG. 14b shows the roller 25 from Figure 14a in a contrast changed switching position, in which only the roller ends near actuators 30 are subjected to electrical voltage and are therefore contracted. By contracting the axially external actuators 30th the zones determined by these actuators 30 are active zones 19. The zones lying between the active zones 19 at one roll end and the active zones 19 at the other roll end are not active zones and the actuators 30 arranged in the non-active zones are not included electrical voltage applied. In FIG. 14b It can be seen that the contraction of the actuators 10 in the corresponding zones 19 reduces the outside diameter of the roller cover 26, as a result of which the roller 25 is given a convex shape. The spherical shape is advantageous in terms of a positive influence on the fountain solution.

In the FIGS. 15a to 15c an actuator 30 is shown, which is designed as a ring actuator. FIG. 15a shows the actuator 30 in a section AA in FIG. 15b corresponding cross section. FIG. 15c shows the detail B in an enlarged view FIG. 15a , The actuator 30 has an outer, first electrode 5 and an inner, second electrode 7. Between the two electrodes 5, 7 is the functional polymer 6. The actuator 30 is formed as an EAP actuator, wherein the functional polymer 6 is a dielectric elastomer , The dielectric elastomer may be, for example, silicone, which is well suited due to its elasticity. The first electrode 5 is made of a flexible material, such as an electrically conductive foil, and may follow the contraction of the functional polymer 6 to achieve the desired diameter variation of the actuator 30. The second electrode 7 may be made of thin sheet metal. On each of the two flat sides of the actuator 30, an annular disc is arranged, which is electrically insulating, in order to avoid an unwanted passage of voltage from the actuator 30 to an adjacent actuator. The annular disc is made of a rubber-elastic material and forms the insulation 28. The functional polymer 6 does not fill the entire annular gap, which is enclosed by the two electrodes 5, 7 and the two insulations 28. Recesses 31 are introduced into the functional polymer 6, into which the material of the functional polymer 6 displaced during the activation of the actuator 30 can "flow off" so that this material does not hinder the contraction. The recesses 31 are formed as annular grooves, which have a semicircular cross-section. The recesses 31 form a parallel with the axis of rotation of the actuator 30 constriction of the cross section of the functional polymer 6. The axis of rotation of the actuator 30 is identical to the Rotation axis of the roller or the cylinder which is equipped with the actuator 30. Alternatively, or in addition to the recesses 31, an embodiment of the functional polymer 6 may be provided of a material with pores, wherein upon contraction the displaced material may flow into the pores. In the second electrode 7, the terminal 29 is provided for the power supply. By applying the electrical voltage, the first electrode 5 moves radially to the second electrode 7 and displaces the first electrode 5 while the intervening Funktionspolymer 6. Alternatively to the terminal 29 leads to the surface of the main body of the roller or the cylinder are possible, eg interconnects. Due to the rotation of the roller or cylinder, power is supplied via slip rings.

In the FIGS. 16a to 16c a roller 25 is shown, which with a plurality of actuators 30 according to the FIGS. 15a to 15c Is provided. Both FIGS. 16a to 16c it is a more detailed representation of the roller 25 from the FIGS. 14a and b. FIG. 16a is a cross-sectional view according to the section line CC in FIG. 16b , The detail D off FIG. 16a is in FIG. 16c shown enlarged. The roller core or main body 27 of the roller 25 is formed as a hollow cylinder. In each case a group of actuators 30 is arranged at the two roll ends, wherein in the example shown each group comprises three actuators 30. Between the two Aktorengruppen are in the in the FIGS. 16a to 16c example shown no further actuators. The actuators 30 are thus only in the edge portions of the roller 25. Alternatively, however, the actuators 30 could also be arranged over the entire roller length. The in the FIGS. 16a to 16c shown roller 25 can not only act as a fountain roller, but also as a metering roller or transfer roller of the dampening unit. For the adjustable roller 25, this results in a variety of applications that extend beyond the dampening unit and, for example, can apply to the application as an inking roller. In the axial edge regions of the base body 27 has tapered paragraphs on which the annular actuators 30 are pushed accurately. In the non-activated state, the actuators 30 each have the same outer diameter as the main body 27, so that the peripheral surface formed by the actuators 30 is flush with the peripheral surface formed by the main body 27. On these peripheral surfaces of the base body 27 and the actuators 30 of the roll cover 26 is seated Roll cover 26 - the so-called reference thickness - is the same over the entire length of the roll cover 26. For example, the roll cover 26 can be prefabricated and then slipped over the main body 27 with the actuators 30. The roll cover 26 can be prefabricated as a tube or sleeve. To secure the roll cover 26 on the base body 27, an adhesive layer can be used therebetween. Trained as a tube or sleeve roller cover 26 can be pushed under elastic, radial expansion of the body 27 and the actuators 30, and sitting in the fully assembled state by shrink fit. This results in a radial bias of the roll cover 26, as a result of which the roll cover 26 can follow this in the radial direction upon contraction of the actuators 30, without slackening. The roll cover 26 is also on the actuators 30 tightly when they are connected to a reduced diameter. The terminals 29 of the actuators 30 are formed as leads of wire and passed through the interior of the hollow roller 25 to the outside. In the region of each actuator 30, a radial transverse bore 32 is introduced into the main body 27, through which the respective electrical supply line (terminal 29) is guided to the functional polymer 6 of the actuator 30.

The roller 25, which in the FIGS. 16a to 16c is shown without activated actuators 30 is in the FIGS. 17a to 17c shown with activated actuators. Figure 17a corresponds with FIG. 16a and FIG. 17b corresponds with FIG. 16b , FIG. 17c shows the detail F Figure 17a in an enlarged view. At each end of the roller, the axially external actuator and the central actuator is subjected to electrical voltage and thus contracted. The two axially internal actuators are not subjected to electrical voltage and thus passive. FIG. 17c shows that the roll cover 26 conforms to the actuators 30. Since an activated actuator in an active zone 19, which is located next to a passive actuator in a non-activated zone 18, can not fully contract, a virtually continuous transition is achieved. The middle actuator provides a smooth transition of the peripheral surface formed by the actuators of the axially inner actuator in the passive zone 18 to the axially outer actuator in the active zone 19. By tapered conically in the illustrated switching state ends of the roller 25 has this quasi a crown on. This makes it possible, over the contact strip width of the roller 25, the dampening solution guide in dependence on to influence the printed image or the format width. The resulting between the tapered roller end and the non-tapered central portion of the roller 25 radius difference 33 may be, for example, 1.5 mm.

The FIGS. 18a to 18c show a modification of the in the FIGS. 16a to 17c illustrated roller 25. In FIG. 18a is a cross section of the roller 25 according to the section GG in FIG. 18b shown. FIG. 18b shows the side view of the roller 25 FIG. 18a , In FIG. 18c the detail H is off FIG. 18a shown. The modification is that the actuators 30 from the FIGS. 15a to 15c are arranged not only in the axial edge regions of the roller, as in the FIGS. 16a to 17c but form over the entire axial roller length a row in which the actuators 30 abut each other. By appropriate activation of the actuators 30, the generatrix of the roller 25 can be given a virtually arbitrary profile. In particular, it is also possible to set a constriction 34 of the roller 25 by the activation and contraction of one or more actuators 30.

The FIGS. 19a to 19c show an actuator 30 for the diameter adjustment of a roller. Here is FIG. 19a a representation according to the section line II in FIG. 19b and is FIG. 19c an enlarged view of the detail K from FIG. 19a , In contrast to the actuator 30 of the FIGS. 15a to 15c in which the electrodes are arranged on the outer and inner circumference of the functional polymer, here the electrodes 5, 7 are arranged on the lateral plane surfaces of the annular functional polymer 6. The electrodes 5, 7 are inserted into annular grooves, which are introduced into the side surfaces of the functional polymer 6, and are formed as annular discs. The side walls of the respective annular groove are formed by projections of the functional polymer 6. At these projections and the electrode is flush with the electrical insulation 28, which is also formed as an annular disc. The functional polymer 6 is a dielectric elastomer. By applying a voltage to the two electrodes 5, 7, these attract due to the electrostatic pressure and move towards each other. In this case, the functional polymer 6 is displaced from the intermediate space between the electrodes and deviates in the radial direction. As a result, the outer diameter of the actuator 30 changes, it increases.

FIGS. 20a and 20b show a roller 25, which with actuators 30 according to the FIGS. 19a to 19c Is provided. The roller 25 may be a metering or transfer roller of a dampening unit and has a hollow cylindrical base body 27. The main body 27 is provided with a shoulder on which sit the actuators. In the illustrated passive state of the actuators they are flush with the outer circumference of the main body 27. Above the main body 27 and the actuators 30 of the rubber-elastic roll cover 26 is arranged, which has everywhere the same strength in this example. The roll cover 26 may be tubular or sleeve-shaped. Supply lines for applying the electrical voltage to the actuators 30 are not shown for reasons of clarity.

In the Figures 21a to 21c is the roller 25 from the FIGS. 20a and 20b shown in a switching position in which some of the actuators 30 are activated, so that the end of the roller 25 is thickened. This shows FIG. 21a a cross section according to the cutting path MM in FIG. 21b and shows FIG. 21c the detail N off FIG. 21a in an enlarged view. By applying voltage, the three are relative FIG. 21a Left actuators 30 activated. The other two, right actuators 30 are not subjected to electrical voltage and therefore not activated. In the case of the activated actuators, the functional polymer 6 deviates radially outwards due to the contraction. Since the actuators fit snugly on the roller body 27, the displaced by the axial movement of the electrodes volume of the functional polymer can only escape radially outward. As a result, the outer diameter of the activated actuators is greater and they also urge the roller cover 26 radially outward. The outer diameter of the roller 25 thus increases in the area of the activated actuators, this is the roller end region. The roll beads produced by the activated actuators at the two roll ends (only one is shown in the drawing) can be used to influence the dampening solution guide over the contact strip width. The roll bead is not abruptly, but gradually in the range of the other roll reference, as in this example, the activated actuator, which is located next to a passive actuator, can not fully contract.

In FIG. 22 an embodiment is illustrated which illustrates that the roller 25 described above can be used not only in inking units and dampening units, but also as a guide roller for a web of coating film 35 can be used. By equipping the roller 25 over its entire effective length with the actuators 30 and their corresponding control, a portable curvature of the roller 25 can be generated. This crown 36 can be changed depending on the position of the web of the coating film 35. In this case, the crown 36 can be adjusted eccentrically with respect to the roller 25 axially eccentric position of the web accordingly eccentrically so that the crown 36 and the web are centered to each other.

FIG. 23 shows that in the web guide roller and a plurality of crowns can be adjusted distributed over its axial length. This is advantageous if the roller 25 is to carry a plurality of material webs next to one another. Each of the crowns 36 is aligned with one of the material webs.

FIG. 24 shows that the guide roller from the FIGS. 22 and 23 is set cone-shaped. The actuators 30 are driven accordingly. The taper of the roller 25 can be varied from cylindrical to slightly conical or infinitely adjusted. As a result, a non-parallelism of deflection rollers can be compensated. In addition, the position of the material web of the coating film 35 can be monitored via sensors, and the actuators 30 of the roller 25 can be controlled as a function of the signals of these sensors, so that a web edge control is implemented via the change in the conical slope.

In the in the FIGS. 22 to 24 The material web of coating film 35 shown is preferably a cold foil web, by means of which sheet-shaped printing material is coated in an offset printing press.

In the FIGS. 25 to 27 a punching and / or embossing tool for a flat bed punching and / or embossing machine is shown, wherein the tool allows a simplified dressing. It is at least one integrated into the tool, a plurality of zones having present layer of an electroactive polymer, in particular a dielectric elastomer. On both sides of the layer of the electroactive polymer, a plurality of individually controllable electrodes is applied, for applying a voltage. By targeted application of different voltages in the different zones, the topography of the layer can be adjusted so as to effect trimming of the punching and / or stamping tool. The polymer layer can be integrated in the upper tool and / or in the lower tool. In the case of integration into the lower tool, it appears to be advantageous to carry out the polymer layer as a plate extending over the surface of the lower tool. In the case of integration into the upper tool, the polymer layer may be embodied either flat and integrated into a closing frame, designed as a top insert or designed as a cover plate. In an alternative embodiment, the polymer layer is designed as a band in a back of the knife. In other words, the back of the knife has a multilayer structure, wherein at least one layer is constructed as a layer of an electroactive polymer.

In detail is in FIG. 25 the punching station 1002 a Flachbettstanz- and / or - embossing machine shown in more detail. Between the upper crucible 1010, also referred to as an upper table, and the lower crucible 1009, also referred to as a lower table, a paper sheet 1006 is moved through the punching station 1002 in the sheet transport direction B. During the punching process, the sheet 1006 is at rest. Punching station 1002 includes a punch tool 1020 formed from an upper tool having a polymer plate 1021 with dielectric elastomers having a wood carrier plate 1022 mounted thereon which receives punching blades 1023. The punching tool 1020 can be held by a frame, not shown in the drawing, a so-called closing frame. An optional intermediate plate 1025 is in FIG. 25 between the carrier plate 1022 and the polymer plate 2021 to protect the polymer plate 1021 from excessive forces of the blade trailing edges. With the opposite crucible 1009, a counter-punching plate 1024 is connected, which forms a lower tool. This can have a punched grooved plate (about 1 mm).

FIG. 26 shows the outer dimensions of the upper tool of a punch 1020 and a lower tool 1024. The total area of the upper tool 1020 and lower tool 1024 is divided by a grid 1051 into a plurality of zones or partial areas 1053. The representation is intended to represent the subdivision into sub-areas 1053 purely schematically. In practice, the subdivision will be many times smaller, so that very small sub-areas are formed. In the resulting partial surfaces 1053 electrodes are arranged in each case, which allow application of different voltages. The electrodes can be controlled by a bus system.

In FIG. 27 a punching knife 1023 is shown, in which a band 1021 is accommodated from an electroactive polymer. Electrodes for applying a voltage are not shown for the sake of clarity.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

transfer cylinder

2

transfer cloth

3

counterpart

4

backing

5

Electrode (first)

6

functional polymer

7

Electrode (second)

8th

First shift

9

Second shift

10

permanent magnet

11

First coil

12

Second coil

13

Third coil

14

document

15

topcoat

16

thickness change

17

array

18

Zone

19-19.3

Active zone

20

substrate

21

mosaic pattern

22

print image

23

Plate cylinder

24

Impression cylinder

25

roller

26

roll cover

27

body

28

isolation

29

connection

30

actuator

31

recess

32

drilling

33

radius difference

34

constriction

35

coating film

36

crown

1002

punching station

1006

bow

1009

under table

1010

overtable

1020

punching tool

1021

dielectric elastomer

1022

Wood-supporting plate

1023

Tool (punching knife, knives, etc.)

1024

Against Tanzplatte

1025

Protective plate, e.g. made of plastic

1026

knife edge

1027

blunt edge

1051

grid

1052

Grid node

1053

subarea

B

Sheet transport direction

Z

infeed

Claims (10)

Assembly of a sheet or web-shaped substrate processing machine, comprising a functional polymer (6) - a so-called smart polymer - for changing a property of a component of the assembly. Assembly according to claim 1,
wherein the property is the elastic hardness, the compressibility, the resilience, the friction coefficient, the thickness or the diameter of the component. Assembly according to claim 1 or 2,
the component being a printing press cylinder (1), a printing press roller (25), a printing cylinder cylin- der (2), a printing press roll cover (26), a coating film guide roll, a substrate punching tool (1023) or a substrate embossing die. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 3,
wherein the functional polymer (6) is a magnetically active polymer, an electrically active polymer or a dielectric elastomer. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 4,
wherein the component has a plurality of zones (18, 19) in which the functional polymer (6) is located, and the zones are individually controllable. Assembly according to claim 5,
the zones (18, 19) being ring segments arranged in axial alignment with each other or field elements forming together a mosaic pattern (21). Assembly according to claim 6,
wherein the ring segments are controlled so as to give a roll crown or cylinder crown. Assembly according to claim 6,
wherein the field elements are controlled in such a way that the mosaic pattern (21) corresponds to a printed image (22) to be printed on the printing substrate. Assembly according to claim 1,
wherein the assembly comprises a roller (25) having a roller core (27), thereon annular actuators (30) - so-called ring actuators - and thereon a rubber cover (26), the ring actuators (30) each having an inner electrode (7), an outer Electrode (5) and a dielectric elastomer (6), which is arranged radially between the two electrodes (5, 7). Assembly according to claim 1,
wherein the assembly comprises a roller (25) having a roller core (27), thereon annular actuators (30) - called ring actuators - and thereon a rubber cover (26), the ring actuators (30) each having two outer electrodes (5, 7) and a dielectric elastomer (6) arranged axially between the two electrodes (5, 7).

Images