EP2743919A2 - Device for applying ultrasound to liquid media through a membrane and ultrasound system - Google Patents
Device for applying ultrasound to liquid media through a membrane and ultrasound system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2743919A2 EP2743919A2 EP13189307.5A EP13189307A EP2743919A2 EP 2743919 A2 EP2743919 A2 EP 2743919A2 EP 13189307 A EP13189307 A EP 13189307A EP 2743919 A2 EP2743919 A2 EP 2743919A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasound
- contact surface
- channel
- conducting element
- opening
- Prior art date
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- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
- B05B17/0623—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn
- B05B17/063—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn having an internal channel for supplying the liquid or other fluent material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
- B05B17/0638—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers spray being produced by discharging the liquid or other fluent material through a plate comprising a plurality of orifices
- B05B17/0646—Vibrating plates, i.e. plates being directly subjected to the vibrations, e.g. having a piezoelectric transducer attached thereto
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
- G10K9/125—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means with a plurality of active elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for applying liquid media with ultrasound through a membrane, wherein the device comprises an ultrasound generator for generating ultrasound and a sound conducting element for guiding the ultrasound generated by the ultrasound generator, and the sound conducting a contact surface for coupling the ultrasound to a flexible medium or flexible material (the terms “flexible medium” and “flexible material are used as synonyms in the present application), in particular a membrane.
- the object of the invention is to propose a device which enables the most efficient possible ultrasonic coupling to a flexible material, wherein a mechanical stress of the flexible material is kept as low as possible.
- the sound conducting element comprises a channel with a first opening for connecting a pump to the channel and a second opening for applying a negative pressure to the flexible material, for example within the contact surface
- a flexible material can be coupled into the ultrasound be sucked by means of negative pressure to the contact surface. This allows a very even distribution of a contact pressure over the contact surface. A mechanical stress of the flexible material is thus reduced.
- a negative pressure can be adjusted particularly well reproducible and precise.
- the ultrasound generator may, for example, comprise at least one piezoelectric element.
- the ultrasound generator comprises a plurality of piezoelectric elements, wherein at least a first piezoelectric element of the generation of ultrasound and at least one second piezoelectric element is used for the detection of ultrasound, and is suitably connected thereto.
- the at least one first piezoelectric element may be connected to a voltage supply for the vibration excitation of the first piezoelectric element.
- the second piezoelectric element may, for example, be connected to a measuring device for measuring the ultrasound passing through the second piezoelectric element.
- the measuring device may, for example, via the voltage generated by the at least one second piezoelectric element, the amplitude and / or power of the ultrasound passing through the second piezoelectric element.
- the second piezoelectric element may, for example, be arranged between the first piezoelectric element and the contact surface, in particular between the first piezoelectric element and the sound conducting element. Instead, however, the first piezoelectric element may also be arranged between the second piezoelectric element and the sound conducting element.
- the contact surface circumferential sealing element.
- the sealing element, the contact surface and the flexible material form a pressure space in which the flexible material is sucked against the contact surface with a uniform pressure.
- the contact surface may be concave.
- it is also a planar shape (especially when a sealing element is used) of the contact surface possible.
- the outer region of the contact surface then forms a sealing edge, which has the same effect as a sealing element.
- the sound conducting element which may be arranged so that the ultrasound is passed through the sound conducting element, may have at least one tapered region.
- a region is regarded as being tapered if, in this region, the cross-sectional area of the sound-conducting element in a plane orthogonal to the direction of sound propagation is smaller than the cross-sectional area outside this region.
- the cross-sectional area in the tapered region can be smaller than the contact surface.
- the maximum amplitude at the contact surface can be, for example, less than 30 micrometers. In particular, the maximum amplitude may be between 10 and 20 microns.
- the sound-conducting element can be designed, for example, rotationally symmetrical and, in particular, as a rotationally symmetrical rod. However, it can also be designed differently from a rotationally symmetrical shape.
- the sound-conducting element can be shaped as a rod with a triangular or quadrangular cross-section.
- the sound conducting element may have a first part connected to the ultrasound generator and a second part having the contact surface.
- the two parts are then connected to each other, wherein the compound may be formed in particular detachable.
- the connection may be formed as a screw connection.
- the tapered region can be arranged in particular in the second part having the contact surface.
- a taper portion in which the cross section decreases in the direction of the abutment surface may be arranged in the first part.
- an ultrasound generator having a large cross-sectional area and a small amplitude can be used, wherein the ultrasound is concentrated by the taper section to a smaller cross-sectional area.
- the channel can at least partially pass through both the first and the second part of the sound-conducting element.
- the second part for example, can also be completely traversed by the channel.
- the arranged in the contact surface second opening is then part of the second part, while serving to connect a pump first opening is part of the first part. Characterized in that the serving to connect the pump opening is part of the first part, it is not necessary in case of (for example, wear-related) replacement of the second part to release a connection between the pump and the device.
- a diameter of the channel can change over its length.
- the diameter of the channel may change within the second part and / or in the region of the connection between the first and the second part.
- the device may comprise a termination element which is arranged on the side remote from the sound conducting element side of the ultrasound generator.
- the first part, the second part and / or the closing element may be formed of the same or of different materials.
- a solid material that can withstand high vibration / strain stresses comes into question as materials.
- the material or materials should be low in attenuation.
- suitable metals, alloys, plastics or ceramics may be used as the material.
- the sound-conducting element can also be formed in one piece. Even with a one-piece design, the above-mentioned materials for the Schalleitelement can be used.
- the ultrasound generator can be set up to generate ultrasound at a frequency between 20 kHz and 100 kHz (in particular between 30 kHz and 40 kHz).
- the length of the device may be in particular half of the ultrasonic wavelength, so that a standing wave can form in the ultrasonic transducer.
- the device can thus be designed as a ⁇ / 2 converter.
- a connection between the first part and the second part of the sound-conducting element can in particular be between one sixteenth and three sixteenths of the wavelength ⁇ from the connection surface.
- the term "wavelength ⁇ " is to be understood here as meaning the wavelength of the ultrasound in the material of the sound-conducting element (for example titanium).
- the second part is also possible to design the second part as a thin plate-shaped attachment.
- the connection is then only slightly removed from the contact surface.
- this results in a significantly greater oscillation amplitude in the region of the connection.
- a gap between the first and second part arise, and this is not desirable.
- the design freedom would be severely limited in terms of the channel and the contact surface.
- the first opening of the channel which may be arranged in the first part as already mentioned, may for example be approximately one quarter of the wavelength (in particular between 0.2 ⁇ and 0.3 ⁇ ) away from the connection surface, ie the first opening may be in particular in the middle Be arranged 20% of the length of the ultrasonic transducer.
- the opening of the channel from a zero vibration level of the device ie the plane in which the amplitude of the oscillation is zero
- the opening of the channel from a zero vibration level of the device ie the plane in which the amplitude of the oscillation is zero
- a connection becomes too a small load on a pump, which significantly reduces the risk of leaks in the connection between the duct and the pump.
- a power of the ultrasound generated by the ultrasound generator may be between 5W and 20W.
- the amplitude of the ultrasound may be, for example, between 10 and 30 ⁇ m at the contact surface. An amplitude in this range is sufficient to induce cavitation in the case of liquids to be treated with a low-attenuation membrane, the amplitude still being sufficiently low in order to minimize wear in the region of the contact surface.
- the first opening may be arranged in a side face that is substantially orthogonal to a radiation direction of the ultrasound generator.
- a side surface is considered substantially orthogonal if its surface normal has an angle between 60 ° and 120 ° to the emission direction. In particular, the angle can be between 80 ° and 100 °.
- the invention also relates to an ultrasound system having a device as described above.
- the ultrasound system further includes a pump configured to generate a negative pressure and connected to the channel via the first opening.
- the ultrasound system may further comprise a membrane applied to the contact surface as a flexible material. Such a membrane can be used to surround, for example, liquids to be treated with ultrasound.
- FIGS. 1a and 1b is a device 1 in cross section and in supervision shown.
- the device 1 has a sound-conducting element 2, consisting of a first part 3 and a second part 4 (also referred to as ultrasonic suction foot). Furthermore, the device comprises an ultrasound generator 5 and a rear terminating element 6.
- the closing element 6 is equipped with a receptacle 7 for a screw.
- the first part of the Schallleitelements 2 in turn has a threaded bore 8, in which a screw 9, the head 10 is arranged in the closing element 6, is screwed.
- the first part 2 furthermore has a screw-in opening 11 which is directed away from the ultrasound generator 5 and into which the second part 4 of the sound-conducting element 2 is screwed.
- the second part 4 of the sound-conducting element 2 has a thread 12.
- the second part 4 of the Schallleitelements 2 also has a contact surface 15 which is equipped with a circumferential O-ring 16 and is used for coupling the ultrasound in a flexible medium.
- a contact surface 15 is equipped with a circumferential O-ring 16 and is used for coupling the ultrasound in a flexible medium.
- an opening 17 is arranged, which communicates with a channel 18 in connection.
- the channel 18 passes completely through the second part 4 of the sound-conducting element and at least partially through the first part 3.
- the end facing away from the opening 17 of the channel 18 is disposed within the first part 3 of the Schallleitelements.
- the channel 18 with a connecting piece 19 which has an opening 20, in conjunction.
- a conventional hose can be pushed and fastened for example with a hose clamp.
- the connecting piece 19 Via the connecting piece 19, the channel 18 can thus be connected to a pump (not shown) via which a negative pressure for sucking the flexible medium against the contact surface 15 can be applied.
- the diameter of the channel 18 changes within the second part 4.
- the geometry of the channel in the second part 4 thus influences the suction force on the contact surface.
- a pump in particular a pulsation-free pump can be used become.
- the already mentioned ultrasonic generator 5 comprises a plurality of piezoelectric elements 21 to 24.
- Two of the piezoelectric elements 21 and 22 are connected to a voltage source, not shown, and arranged to generate the ultrasound.
- the two piezo elements 23 and 24, however, have no power supply but a signal tap, which is in communication with a measuring device, also not shown.
- This measuring device can determine the amplitude and / or intensity of the ultrasound based on a voltage generated by the piezo elements 23 and 24 as a function of the present ultrasound amplitude.
- the device 1 also has a flange 25 to which it can be attached.
- the device 1 has a length, i. a total extent in the sound propagation direction x, which corresponds to half the wavelength of the ultrasound generated.
- the device can thus be referred to as a ⁇ / 2 converter.
- the ultrasonic generating apparatus 1 is set at a frequency of 30 kHz.
- the sound conducting 2 is made of titanium and the end element 6 made of aluminum. The length of the device is thus a little over 17 cm.
- the sound conducting 2 may be formed as shown in two parts or in one piece.
- the first part 3, the second part 4, the entire sound-conducting element 2 and / or the end element 6 can also be formed of another metal of an alloy, a plastic or a ceramic instead of titanium.
- the sound conducting element 2 may have a rotationally symmetrical cross section. However, a cross-section of the sound-conducting element 2 can also deviate from a rotationally symmetrical shape. For example, a triangular or quadrangular cross-section of the sound-conducting element 2 is
- the suction surface 15 'as a detail of an alternative variant of a device 1 is shown.
- the contact surface 15 ' is curved.
- the curved, concave-shaped design of the contact surface 15 'no seal is required because the outer edge 26 of the contact surface 15' serves as a sealing edge.
- the contact surface may also be convex, ie curved in the opposite direction.
- the abutment surface can then be pressed against a flexible material (in particular a membrane) for reliable contact and be connected to the flexible material via the opening 17 by means of negative pressure so that the flexible material follows the movement of the abutment surface.
- FIGS. 2a to 2d is the first part 3 of the Schallleitelements 2 of the device 1 from the FIGS. 1a and 1b shown in section and in supervision.
- the two threaded holes 8 and 11 for connecting with the screws 10 and the second part 4 can be seen particularly well.
- the first part has a tapering area 32 in which the cross section (ie the sectional area orthogonal to the direction x FIG. 1 ) From the ultrasonic generator 5 to the contact surface decreases, and a coupling region 33 in which the threaded bore 11 is arranged and thus serves the coupling to the second part 4.
- the tapering region 32 serves to amplify the amplitude of the ultrasound, the gain being achieved by concentrating the ultrasound in the reduced cross-sectional area.
- the ultrasonic generator 5 facing threaded hole 8 is in the detailed view Fig. 2b shown in more detail, while the second part 4 of the Schallleitelements 2 facing threaded bore 11 in the detailed view Fig. 2c is more accurate.
- the flange 25, which can be used to attach the device 1, can be seen.
- the second part 4 of the sound-conducting element is shown in detail.
- the second part of the sound-conducting element has a groove 27 running around the abutment surface 15, which groove is used for fastening the O-ring 16 (cf. Fig. 1a ) serves.
- the part 4 of the sound-conducting element has a tapered region 28, via which the amplitude of the ultrasound, which arrives at the contact surface 15, continues. Together with the tapering region 32 of the first part 3, this results in an amplification of the amplitude at the contact surface 15 with respect to the amplitude at the ultrasonic generator 5 by a factor of 3 to 5.
- Der second part 4 of the Schallleitelements 2 is very easy to replace, to keep a breakdown, if maintenance is required due to wear of the contact surface 15 as short as possible.
- the second part 4 can also be exchanged in order to change an intensity of the ultrasound reaching the contact surface 15.
- a built-in second part 4 of the sound-conducting element 2 can be exchanged for an alternative of the second part 4, which differs in terms of the cross-section in the region of the tapered region 28.
- Fig. 4 the end element 6 is shown in section. As can be seen, the end element 6, the receptacle 7 for the screw head and a through hole for the shank of the screw 9.
- Fig. 5 is the principal course 29 of the tensile stress and the principal course 30 of the oscillation amplitude over the length of the transducer 1 is applied.
- the position of the contact surface 15 is marked on the X-axis.
- the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration in the region of the ends of the device 1 is maximum. For example, it can be between 20 and 30 microns.
- the tension is the lowest at the ends.
- the tensile stress is significantly greater, but the amplitude is very small.
- the terminal 19 is arranged in the longitudinal direction (ie x-direction) of the transducer in the vibrational level, since there the amplitude is minimal.
- the illustrated courses 29 and 30 are only schematic representations. The precise courses, which are influenced by the shape of the device 1 and in particular by the taper 28 and the tapering area 32, can be clearly different from the illustrated courses 29, 30.
- FIGS. 6a and 6b shown in a sectional view and a plan view.
- the embodiment differs only in that instead of a closing element 6 and an ultrasonic generator 5 a contiguous drive unit 31 is provided which contains an ultrasonic generator and which can be screwed into the threaded bore 8 of the first part 3 of the Schallleitelements 2.
- FIGS. 7a to 7c three different further embodiments of a contact surface 15 are shown in section and in a plan view.
- contact surface has four distributed over the circumference, at 90 ° angles to each other arranged intake ports 34, which are each connected to the channel 18.
- the channel is not performed up to the contact surface 15 as a central channel but divides into four connected to one of the openings each sub-channels 35.
- the channel 18 may initially be partially introduced into the second part 4 from the side of the second part facing the first part 3 by drilling.
- the introduced bore does not penetrate completely through the second part 4 and is thus formed as a blind hole.
- the sub-channels 35 can then be introduced starting from the contact surface 15, such that they end in the lower end of the blind hole.
- the variant off Figure 7a can also be modified to the effect that the channel 18 (in particular of reduced cross-section) is carried to the contact surface 15.
- the suction ports 34 connected to the sub-channels 35 then act as additional suction points (in addition to a central opening 17 as seen in FIG FIG. 1 known) and improve uniformity of the pressure force of the membrane on the contact surface over the variant FIG. 1 ,
- FIG. 7b has a continuous central channel 18, the same as in FIG. 1 is trained. Starting in a star-shaped manner from the opening 17, however, superficial channels 36 are incorporated into the contact surface 15. A height of the channels decreases here with increasing distance from the contact surface 15.
- the variant off FIG. 7c also has a continuous channel 18 as shown FIG. 1 known on.
- a continuous channel 18 as shown FIG. 1 known on.
- annular channel 37th and connecting channels 38 incorporated.
- a plurality of annular channels 37 may be provided and also the number of connection channels 38 may be varied.
- the variant off FIG. 7d also has a continuous channel 18. From this outgoing go from several main channels 39, which in turn branch off in hub channels 40. These in turn can branch out according to the principle of a self-similar structure, but this is not shown in the figure.
- the main channels 39 as can be seen from the sectional view, have a greater height than the secondary channels 40.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Beaufschlagung flüssiger Medien mit Ultraschall durch eine Membran, wobei die Vorrichtung einen Ultraschallerzeuger zur Erzeugung von Ultraschall und ein Schallleitelement zum Leiten des vom Ultraschallerzeugers erzeugten Ultraschalls umfasst, und das Schallleitelement eine Anlagefläche zum Auskoppeln des Ultraschalls an ein flexibles Medium bzw. flexibles Material (die Begriffe "flexibles Medium" und "flexibles Material werden in der vorliegenden Anmeldung als Synonyme verwendet), insbesondere eine Membran, aufweist.The invention relates to a device for applying liquid media with ultrasound through a membrane, wherein the device comprises an ultrasound generator for generating ultrasound and a sound conducting element for guiding the ultrasound generated by the ultrasound generator, and the sound conducting a contact surface for coupling the ultrasound to a flexible medium or flexible material (the terms "flexible medium" and "flexible material are used as synonyms in the present application), in particular a membrane.
Bei bisher verfügbaren Vorrichtungen ist es problematisch einen effizienten Schallübergang zwischen der Vorrichtung und einem flexiblen Material, wie beispielsweise einer Membran, herzustellen. Über ein solches flexibles Material kann auch eine Einkopplung in eine Flüssigkeit erfolgen. Um den Übergang des Ultraschalls von der Vorrichtung zu einem flexiblen Material zu verbessern ist es bekannt, die Vorrichtung gegen das flexible Material zu drücken. Hierbei wird das flexible Material mechanisch stark beansprucht, was zur Beschädigung des flexiblen Materials führen kann.In previously available devices, it is problematic to produce an efficient sound transmission between the device and a flexible material, such as a membrane. About such a flexible material can also be a coupling into a liquid. To improve the transition of ultrasound from the device to a flexible material It is known to press the device against the flexible material. Here, the flexible material is mechanically stressed, which can lead to damage of the flexible material.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, die eine möglichst effiziente Ultraschalleinkopplung an ein flexibles Material ermöglicht, wobei eine mechanische Beanspruchung des flexiblen Materials möglichst gering gehalten wird.The object of the invention is to propose a device which enables the most efficient possible ultrasonic coupling to a flexible material, wherein a mechanical stress of the flexible material is kept as low as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 sowie ein Ultraschallsystem nach Anspruch 15 gelöst. Weitere mögliche Ausgestaltungen werden in den abhängigen Ansprüchen erläutert.This object is achieved by a device according to
Dadurch, dass das Schalleitelement einen Kanal mit einer ersten Öffnung zum Anschließen einer Pumpe an den Kanal und einer - beispielsweise innerhalb der Anlagefläche liegenden - zweiten Öffnung zum Anlegen eines Unterdrucks an das flexible Material umfasst, kann ein flexibles Material, in das Ultraschall eingekoppelt werden soll, mittels Unterdruck an die Anlagefläche angesaugt werden. Dies ermöglicht eine sehr gleichmäßige Verteilung einer Andruckkraft über die Anlagefläche. Eine mechanische Beanspruchung des flexiblen Materials wird somit verringert. Außerdem kann ein Unterdruck besonders gut reproduzierbar und präzise eingestellt werden.Because the sound conducting element comprises a channel with a first opening for connecting a pump to the channel and a second opening for applying a negative pressure to the flexible material, for example within the contact surface, a flexible material can be coupled into the ultrasound be sucked by means of negative pressure to the contact surface. This allows a very even distribution of a contact pressure over the contact surface. A mechanical stress of the flexible material is thus reduced. In addition, a negative pressure can be adjusted particularly well reproducible and precise.
Der Ultraschallerzeuger kann beispielsweise mindestens ein piezoelektrisches Element umfassen. Eine besonders präzise Steuerung der Intensität des eingestrahlten Ultraschalls wird möglich, wenn der Ultraschallerzeuger mehrere piezoelektrische Elemente umfasst, wobei mindestens ein erstes piezoelektrisches Element der Erzeugung von Ultraschall und mindestens ein zweites piezoelektrisches Element dem Nachweis von Ultraschall dient, und hierfür geeignet geschaltet ist. Beispielsweise kann das mindestens eine erste piezoelektrische Element mit einer Spannungsversorgung zur Schwingungsanregung des ersten piezoelektrischen Elements verbunden sein. Das zweite piezoelektrische Element kann beispielsweise mit einer Messvorrichtung zur Messung des das zweite piezoelektrische Element durchlaufenden Ultraschalls verbunden sein. Die Messvorrichtung kann beispielsweise über die von dem mindestens einen zweiten piezoelektrischen Element erzeugte Spannung die Amplitude und/oder Leistung des das zweite piezoelektrische Element durchlaufenden Ultraschalls bestimmen. Das zweite piezoelektrische Element kann beispielsweise zwischen dem ersten piezoelektrischen Element und der Anlagefläche, insbesondere zwischen dem ersten piezoelektrischen Element und dem Schallleitelement angeordnet sein. Stattdessen kann jedoch auch das erste piezoelektrische Element zwischen dem zweiten piezoelektrischen Element und dem Schallleitelement angeordnet sein.The ultrasound generator may, for example, comprise at least one piezoelectric element. A particularly precise control of the intensity of the irradiated ultrasound is possible if the ultrasound generator comprises a plurality of piezoelectric elements, wherein at least a first piezoelectric element of the generation of ultrasound and at least one second piezoelectric element is used for the detection of ultrasound, and is suitably connected thereto. For example, the at least one first piezoelectric element may be connected to a voltage supply for the vibration excitation of the first piezoelectric element. The second piezoelectric element may, for example, be connected to a measuring device for measuring the ultrasound passing through the second piezoelectric element. The measuring device may, for example, via the voltage generated by the at least one second piezoelectric element, the amplitude and / or power of the ultrasound passing through the second piezoelectric element. The second piezoelectric element may, for example, be arranged between the first piezoelectric element and the contact surface, in particular between the first piezoelectric element and the sound conducting element. Instead, however, the first piezoelectric element may also be arranged between the second piezoelectric element and the sound conducting element.
Um ein möglichst zeitlich konstantes Einbringen des Unterdrucks zu gewährleisten kann im Bereich der Anlagefläche ein die Anlagefläche umlaufendes Dichtungselement angeordnet sein. Wird die Anlagefläche nun in Kontakt mit einem flexiblen Material gebracht, bilden das Dichtungselement, die Anlagefläche und das flexible Material einen Druckraum, in dem das flexible Material mit einem gleichmäßigen Druck gegen die Anlagefläche gesaugt wird. Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu einem Dichtungselement kann die Anlagefläche konkav geformt sein. Es ist jedoch auch eine planare Form (insbesondere wenn ein Dichtungselement verwendet wird) der Anlagefläche möglich. Der äußere Bereich der Anlagefläche bildet dann eine Dichtkante, die den gleichen Effekt wie ein Dichtungselement hat. Durch die Verwendung einer Dichtung und/oder konkav geformten Anlagefläche wird ein Entweichen des Unterdrucks weitgehend vermieden. Hierdurch kann ein Unterdruck durch eine Pumpe mit geringer Förderleistung aufrecht erhalten, was den Einsatz von pulsationsfreien Pumpen ermöglicht.In order to ensure a time constant introduction of the negative pressure can be arranged in the region of the contact surface, the contact surface circumferential sealing element. When the contact surface is now brought into contact with a flexible material, the sealing element, the contact surface and the flexible material form a pressure space in which the flexible material is sucked against the contact surface with a uniform pressure. Alternatively or in addition to a sealing element, the contact surface may be concave. However, it is also a planar shape (especially when a sealing element is used) of the contact surface possible. The outer region of the contact surface then forms a sealing edge, which has the same effect as a sealing element. By using a seal and / or concave contact surface, the escape of the negative pressure is largely avoided. As a result, a negative pressure maintained by a pump with low flow rate, which allows the use of pulsation-free pumps.
Das Schallleitelement, das so angeordnet sein kann, dass der Ultraschall durch das Schalleitelement hindurchgeleitet wird, kann mindestens einen verjüngten Bereich aufweisen. Als verjüngt wird ein Bereich angesehen, wenn in diesem Bereich die Querschnittsfläche des Schallleitelements in einer zur Schallausbreitungsrichtung orthogonalen Ebene kleiner ist als de Querschnittsfläche außerhalb dieses Bereichs. Insbesondere kann die Querschnittsfläche im verjüngten Bereich kleiner sein als die Anlagefläche. Durch einen solchen verjüngten Bereich kann die Amplitude des Ultraschalls, der zur Anlagefläche gelangt, beeinflusst werden. Insbesondere kann durch den verjüngten Bereich der Ultraschall auf einen relativ kleinen Querschnitt konzentriert werden. Hierdurch ist eine Steigerung der Amplitude des Ultraschalls an der Anlagefläche auf das 3 bis 5 fache der direkt am Ultraschallerzeuger vorliegenden Amplitude möglich. Um eine Abnutzung des zweiten Teils des Schallleitelements und des flexiblen Mediums möglichst gering zu halten kann die maximale Amplitude an der Anlagefläche beispielsweise kleiner als 30 Mikrometern sein. Insbesondere kann die maximale Amplitude zwischen 10 und 20 Mikrometern betragen.The sound conducting element, which may be arranged so that the ultrasound is passed through the sound conducting element, may have at least one tapered region. A region is regarded as being tapered if, in this region, the cross-sectional area of the sound-conducting element in a plane orthogonal to the direction of sound propagation is smaller than the cross-sectional area outside this region. In particular, the cross-sectional area in the tapered region can be smaller than the contact surface. By means of such a tapered region, the amplitude of the ultrasound which reaches the contact surface can be influenced. In particular, the ultrasound can be concentrated to a relatively small cross section by the tapered region. As a result, an increase in the amplitude of the ultrasound at the contact surface is 3 to 5 times the amplitude present directly at the ultrasound generator possible. In order to minimize the wear of the second part of the sound-conducting element and of the flexible medium, the maximum amplitude at the contact surface can be, for example, less than 30 micrometers. In particular, the maximum amplitude may be between 10 and 20 microns.
Das Schallleitelement kann beispielsweise rotationssymmetrisch und insbesondere als rotationssymmetrischer Stab ausgebildet sein. Es kann jedoch auch von einer rotationssymmetrischen Form abweichend gestaltet sein. Beispielsweise kann das Schallleitelement als ein Stab mit drei- oder viereckigem Querschnitt geformt sein.The sound-conducting element can be designed, for example, rotationally symmetrical and, in particular, as a rotationally symmetrical rod. However, it can also be designed differently from a rotationally symmetrical shape. For example, the sound-conducting element can be shaped as a rod with a triangular or quadrangular cross-section.
Das Schallleitelement kann einen mit dem Ultraschallerzeuger verbundenen ersten Teil und einen die Anlagefläche aufweisenden zweiten Teil aufweisen. Die beiden Teile sind dann miteinander verbunden, wobei die Verbindung insbesondere lösbar ausgebildet sein kann. Beispielsweise kann die Verbindung als Schraubverbindung ausgebildet sein. Die zweiteilige Ausbildung des Schallleitelements lässt zu, mit geringem Aufwand den die Anlagefläche aufweisenden Teil auszutauschen. Dies ist von Vorteil, da die Anlagefläche am stärksten von Verschleiß betroffen ist.The sound conducting element may have a first part connected to the ultrasound generator and a second part having the contact surface. The two parts are then connected to each other, wherein the compound may be formed in particular detachable. For example, the connection may be formed as a screw connection. The two-part design of the Schallleitelements allows, with little effort to replace the bearing surface having part. This is advantageous because the contact surface is most affected by wear.
Der verjüngte Bereich kann insbesondere in dem die Anlagefläche aufweisenden zweiten Teil angeordnet sein. Insbesondere können für die Vorrichtung mehrere zweite Teile vorliegen, die sich hinsichtlich des Querschnitts im verjüngten Bereich unterscheiden. Entsprechend kann die Intensität des Ultraschalls, die zur Anlagefläche gelangt, durch Austausch eines leicht auszuwechselnden Teils, das ohnehin verschleißbedingt gelegentlich auszutauschen ist, geändert werden.The tapered region can be arranged in particular in the second part having the contact surface. In particular, there may be a plurality of second parts for the device, which differ with regard to the cross section in the tapered region. Accordingly, the intensity of the ultrasound that comes to the contact surface can be changed by replacing an easily replaceable part, which is already occasionally replaced due to wear anyway.
Zusätzlich kann ein Verjüngungsabschnitt, in dem der Querschnitt in Richtung der Anlagefläche abnimmt, im ersten Teil angeordnet sein. Durch diesen Verjüngungsabschnitt kann ein Ultraschallerzeuger mit großer Querschnittsfläche und geringer Amplitude verwendet werden, wobei der Ultraschall durch den Verjüngungsabschnitt auf eine kleinere Querschnittsfläche konzentriert wird.In addition, a taper portion in which the cross section decreases in the direction of the abutment surface may be arranged in the first part. Through this taper section, an ultrasound generator having a large cross-sectional area and a small amplitude can be used, wherein the ultrasound is concentrated by the taper section to a smaller cross-sectional area.
Liegt sowohl ein Verjüngungsabschnitt als auch verjüngter Bereich vor, tragen beide zur Verstärkung der Amplitude an der Anlagefläche bei.Has both a rejuvenation section and tapered area, wear both contribute to the amplification of the amplitude at the contact surface.
Der Kanal kann insbesondere sowohl den ersten als auch den zweiten Teil des Schallleitelements jeweils zumindest teilweise durchlaufen. Der zweite Teil kann beispielsweise auch vollständig vom Kanal durchlaufen werden. Die in der Anlagefläche angeordnete zweite Öffnung ist dann Bestandteil des zweiten Teils, während die zum Anschließen einer Pumpe dienende erste Öffnung Bestandteils des ersten Teils ist. Dadurch, dass die zum Anschluss der Pumpe dienende Öffnung Bestandteil des ersten Teils ist, ist es bei (beispielsweise verschleißbedingtem) Austausch des zweiten Teils nicht notwendig, eine Verbindung zwischen der Pumpe und der Vorrichtung zu lösen.In particular, the channel can at least partially pass through both the first and the second part of the sound-conducting element. The second part, for example, can also be completely traversed by the channel. The arranged in the contact surface second opening is then part of the second part, while serving to connect a pump first opening is part of the first part. Characterized in that the serving to connect the pump opening is part of the first part, it is not necessary in case of (for example, wear-related) replacement of the second part to release a connection between the pump and the device.
Ein Durchmesser des Kanals kann sich über seine Länge ändern. Insbesondere kann sich der Durchmesser des Kanals innerhalb des zweiten Teils und/oder im Bereich der Verbindung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Teil ändern. Durch Austausch des zweiten Teils gegen einen ähnlich ausgebildeten zweiten Teil, der sich jedoch hinsichtlich des Durchmessers des Kanals im Bereich der Anlagefläche (d.h. hinsichtlich des Durchmessers der zweiten Öffnung) unterscheidet, kann eine an der Anlagefläche vorliegende Saugkraft geändert werden.A diameter of the channel can change over its length. In particular, the diameter of the channel may change within the second part and / or in the region of the connection between the first and the second part. By replacing the second part with a similarly shaped second part but differing in the diameter of the channel in the region of the abutment surface (i.e., the diameter of the second opening), a suction force applied to the abutment surface can be changed.
Zusätzlich kann die Vorrichtung ein Abschlusselement umfassen, das auf der vom Schallleitelement abgewandten Seite des Ultraschallerzeugers angeordnet ist.In addition, the device may comprise a termination element which is arranged on the side remote from the sound conducting element side of the ultrasound generator.
Der erste Teil, der zweite Teil und/oder das Abschlusselement können aus dem gleichen oder auch aus verschiedenen Materialien ausgebildet sein. Als Materialien kommen insbesondere ein Festkörpermaterial das hohe Schwing-/Dehnbeanspruchungen aushält in Frage. Das Material bzw. die Materialien sollen dämpfungsarm sein. Beispielsweise können geeignete Metalle, Legierungen, Kunststoffe oder Keramiken als Material verwendet werden.The first part, the second part and / or the closing element may be formed of the same or of different materials. In particular, a solid material that can withstand high vibration / strain stresses comes into question as materials. The material or materials should be low in attenuation. For example, suitable metals, alloys, plastics or ceramics may be used as the material.
Das Schallleitelement kann auch einteilig ausgebildet sein. Auch bei einer einteiligen Ausführung können die oben erwähnten Materialien für das Schalleitelement verwendet werden.The sound-conducting element can also be formed in one piece. Even with a one-piece design, the above-mentioned materials for the Schalleitelement can be used.
Der Ultraschallerzeuger kann zur Erzeugung von Ultraschall mit einer Frequenz zwischen 20 kHz und 100 kHz (insbesondere zwischen 30 kHz und 40 kHz) eingerichtet sein. Die Länge der Vorrichtung kann insbesondere die Hälfte der Ultraschallwellenlänge betragen, so dass sich eine stehende Welle im Ultraschall-Wandler ausbilden kann. Die Vorrichtung kann also als λ/2-Wandler ausgebildet sein.The ultrasound generator can be set up to generate ultrasound at a frequency between 20 kHz and 100 kHz (in particular between 30 kHz and 40 kHz). The length of the device may be in particular half of the ultrasonic wavelength, so that a standing wave can form in the ultrasonic transducer. The device can thus be designed as a λ / 2 converter.
Eine Verbindung zwischen dem ersten Teil und dem zweiten Teil des Schallleitelements kann insbesondere zwischen einem Sechzehntel und drei Sechzehnteln der Wellenlänge λ von der Anschlussfläche entfernt sein. Als "Wellenlänge λ" soll hier die Wellenlänge des Ultraschalls im Material des Schallleitelements (beispielsweise Titan) verstanden werden. Diese Anordnung der Verbindung ist von Vorteil, da in diesem Bereich der Vorrichtung die Schwingungsamplitude noch gering, und die Zugspannung gegenüber der Zugspannung in der Mitte der Vorrichtung bereits deutlich abgefallen ist. Die Verbindung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Teil des Schallleitelements wird somit nicht überbeansprucht, d.h. die mechanische Beanspruchung der Verbindung liegt im tolerablen Bereich.A connection between the first part and the second part of the sound-conducting element can in particular be between one sixteenth and three sixteenths of the wavelength λ from the connection surface. The term "wavelength λ" is to be understood here as meaning the wavelength of the ultrasound in the material of the sound-conducting element (for example titanium). This arrangement of the connection is advantageous, since in this region of the device, the oscillation amplitude is still low, and the tension against the tension in the middle of the device has already dropped significantly. The connection between the first and the second part of the sound conducting element is thus not overstressed, i. the mechanical stress of the connection is in the tolerable range.
Prinzipiell ist es auch möglich, den zweiten Teil als dünnen tellerförmigen Aufsatz auszugestalten. Die Verbindung ist dann nur geringfügig von der Anlagefläche entfernt. Dies hat jedoch eine deutlich größere Schwingungsamplitude im Bereich der Verbindung zur Folge. Hierdurch kann ein Spalt zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Teil entstehen, wobei dies nicht wünschenswert ist. Außerdem wäre die Gestaltungsfreiheit hinsichtlich des Kanals und der Anlagefläche stark eingeschränkt.In principle, it is also possible to design the second part as a thin plate-shaped attachment. The connection is then only slightly removed from the contact surface. However, this results in a significantly greater oscillation amplitude in the region of the connection. As a result, a gap between the first and second part arise, and this is not desirable. In addition, the design freedom would be severely limited in terms of the channel and the contact surface.
Die erste Öffnung des Kanals, die wie bereits erwähnt im ersten Teil angeordnet sein kann, kann beispielsweise ungefähr ein Viertel der Wellenlänge (insbesondere zwischen 0,2λ und 0,3λ) von der Anschlussfläche entfernt sein, d.h. die erste Öffnung kann insbesondere in den mittleren 20% der Länge des Ultraschallwandlers angeordnet sein. Hiermit ist gemeint, dass die Öffnung des Kanals von einer Schwingungsnullebene der Vorrichtung (d.h. der Ebene, in der die Amplitude der Schwingung null ist) in Längsrichtung um weniger als ±10% der Länge der Vorrichtung entfernt sein kann. In diesem Bereich liegt nur eine geringe longitudinale Amplitude vor. Somit wird eine Verbindung zu einer Pumpe nur geringfügig belastet, was das Risiko des Auftretens von Undichtigkeiten in der Verbindung zwischen dem Kanal und der Pumpe signifikant reduziert.The first opening of the channel, which may be arranged in the first part as already mentioned, may for example be approximately one quarter of the wavelength (in particular between 0.2λ and 0.3λ) away from the connection surface, ie the first opening may be in particular in the middle Be arranged 20% of the length of the ultrasonic transducer. By this is meant that the opening of the channel from a zero vibration level of the device (ie the plane in which the amplitude of the oscillation is zero) can be longitudinally less than ± 10% of the length of the device. In this area, there is only a small longitudinal amplitude. Thus, a connection becomes too a small load on a pump, which significantly reduces the risk of leaks in the connection between the duct and the pump.
Eine Leistung des Ultraschalls, der durch den Ultraschallerzeuger erzeugt wird, kann insbesondere zwischen 5W und 20W betragen. Die Amplitude des Ultraschalls kann an der Anlagefläche beispielsweise zwischen 10 und 30 µm betragen. Eine Amplitude in diesem Bereich reicht aus, um bei zu behandelnden Flüssigkeiten bei dämpfungsarmer Membran Kavitation herbeizuführen, wobei die Amplitude noch hinreichend gering ist um eine Abnutzung im Bereich der Anlagefläche gering zu halten.In particular, a power of the ultrasound generated by the ultrasound generator may be between 5W and 20W. The amplitude of the ultrasound may be, for example, between 10 and 30 μm at the contact surface. An amplitude in this range is sufficient to induce cavitation in the case of liquids to be treated with a low-attenuation membrane, the amplitude still being sufficiently low in order to minimize wear in the region of the contact surface.
Die erste Öffnung kann insbesondere in einer zu einer Abstrahlrichtung des Ultraschallerzeugers im Wesentlichen orthogonal ausgerichteten Seitenfläche angeordnet sein. Eine Seitenfläche wird als im Wesentlichen orthogonal angesehen, wenn ihre Flächennormale einen Winkel zwischen 60° und 120° zur Abstrahlrichtung aufweist. Insbesondere kann der Winkel zwischen 80° und 100° liegen.In particular, the first opening may be arranged in a side face that is substantially orthogonal to a radiation direction of the ultrasound generator. A side surface is considered substantially orthogonal if its surface normal has an angle between 60 ° and 120 ° to the emission direction. In particular, the angle can be between 80 ° and 100 °.
Zusätzlich zu einer Vorrichtung betrifft die Erfindung auch ein Ultraschallsystem, welches eine Vorrichtung, wie vorangehend beschrieben, aufweist. Das Ultraschallsystem umfasst des Weiteren eine Pumpe, die zur Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks eingerichtet und mit dem Kanal über die erste Öffnung verbunden ist. Das Ultraschallsystem kann des Weiteren eine an der Anlagefläche anliegende Membran als flexibles Material aufweisen. Von einer derartigen Membran können beispielsweise mit Ultraschall zu behandelnde Flüssigkeiten umgeben sein.In addition to a device, the invention also relates to an ultrasound system having a device as described above. The ultrasound system further includes a pump configured to generate a negative pressure and connected to the channel via the first opening. The ultrasound system may further comprise a membrane applied to the contact surface as a flexible material. Such a membrane can be used to surround, for example, liquids to be treated with ultrasound.
Außerdem kann das Ultraschallsystem eine Spannungsversorgung aufweisen, die dazu ausgebildet ist, den Ultraschallerzeuger - der wie oben erwähnt ein piezoelektrisches Element aufweisen kann - mit einer Spannung zur Schwingungsanregung des Ultraschallerzeugers zu versorgen. Des Weiteren kann das Ultraschallsystem eine Messvorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Amplitude und/oder Intensität des erzeugten Ultraschalls aufweisen. Die Messvorrichtung kann die Amplitude und/oder Intensität insbesondere über die Spannung von dem zweiten piezoelektrischen Element bestimmen. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fign. 1a und 1b
- Schnitt durch und Aufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Beaufschlagung flüssiger Medien mit Ultraschall durch eine Membran,
- Fig. 1c
- Detailansicht einer Variante der Vorrichtung aus den
Fign. 1a und 1b , - Fign. 2a bis 2d
- Schnittansicht, Aufsicht sowie zwei Detailansichten eines ersten Teils des Schallleitelements der Vorrichtung aus
Fig. 1 , - Fign. 3a und 3b
- Schnittansicht sowie Aufsicht eines zweiten Teils des Schallleitelements der Vorrichtung auf
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 4
- ein Querschnitt durch einen weiteren Teil der Vorrichtung aus
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 5
- ein prinzipieller Verlauf der Spannung und der Schwingungsamplitude über die Vorrichtung aus
Fig. 1 , - Fign. 6a und 6b
- Schnittansicht sowie Aufsicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Beaufschlagung flüssiger Medien mit Ultraschall durch eine Membran und
- Fig. 7a bis 7d
- Schnittansichten durch sowie Aufsichten auf alternativer Ausgestaltungen einer Ansaugfläche für die
Vorrichtung aus Figur 1 .
- FIGS. 1a and 1b
- Section through and plan view of an embodiment of a device for applying liquid media with ultrasound through a membrane,
- Fig. 1c
- Detail view of a variant of the device from the
FIGS. 1a and 1b . - FIGS. 2a to 2d
- Sectional view, top view and two detailed views of a first part of the Schallleitelements of the device
Fig. 1 . - FIGS. 3a and 3b
- Sectional view and supervision of a second part of the Schallleitelements the device
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 4
- a cross section through another part of the device
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 5
- a fundamental course of the voltage and the oscillation amplitude over the device
Fig. 1 . - FIGS. 6a and 6b
- Sectional view and top view of another embodiment of a device for applying liquid media with ultrasound through a membrane and
- Fig. 7a to 7d
- Sectional views through and on views of alternative embodiments of a suction for the device
FIG. 1 ,
In den
Der Ultraschallerzeuger 5, der in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel zum Erzeugen von Ultraschall mit einer Frequenz von 30 kHz eingerichtet ist, ist zwischen dem ersten Teil 3 des Schallleitelements 2 und dem rückseitigen Abschlusselement 6 eingeklemmt. Hierzu ist das Abschlusselement 6 mit einer Aufnahme 7 für eine Schraube ausgestattet. Der erste Teil des Schallleitelements 2 weist wiederum eine Gewindebohrung 8 auf, in die eine Schraube 9, deren Kopf 10 im Abschlusselement 6 angeordnet ist, eingeschraubt ist. Der erste Teil 2 weist des Weiteren eine vom Ultraschallerzeuger 5 weg gerichtete Einschrauböffnung 11 auf, in die der zweite Teil 4 des Schallleitelements 2 eingeschraubt ist. Hierzu weist der zweite Teil 4des Schallleitelements 2 ein Gewinde 12 auf. Um ein Einschrauben des zweiten Teils 4 des Schallleitelements 2 in den ersten Teil 3 zu erleichtern, weisen sowohl der erste als auch der zweite Teil 4 des Schallleitelements Schlüsselflächen 13 und 14 auf, an denen mittels eins herkömmlichen Schraubenschlüssels eine Kraft eingebracht werden kann. Der zweite Teil 4 des Schallleitelements 2 weist außerdem eine Anlagefläche 15 auf, die mit einem umlaufenden O-Ring 16 ausgestattet ist und zum Auskoppeln des Ultraschalls in ein flexibles Medium dient. In der Mitte der Anlagefläche 15 ist eine Öffnung 17 angeordnet, die mit einem Kanal 18 in Verbindung steht. Der Kanal 18 durchquert den zweiten Teil 4 des Schallleitelements vollständig und den ersten Teil 3 zumindest teilweise. Das von der Öffnung 17 weg weisende Ende des Kanals 18 ist innerhalb des ersten Teils 3 des Schallleitelements angeordnet. Dort steht der Kanal 18 mit einem Anschlussstück 19, welches eine Öffnung 20 aufweist, in Verbindung. Über dieses Anschlussstück 19 kann ein herkömmlicher Schlauch geschoben und beispielsweise mit einer Schlauchschelle befestigt werden. Über das Anschlussstück 19 kann der Kanals 18 somit mit einer Pumpe (nicht dargestellt) verbunden werden, über die ein Unterdruck zum Ansaugen des flexiblen Mediums an die Anlagefläche 15 aufgebracht werden kann. Der Durchmesser des Kanals 18 ändert sich innerhalb des zweiten Teils 4. Durch die Geometrie des Kanals im zweiten Teil 4 wird somit die Saugkraft an der Anlagefläche beeinflusst. Als Pumpe kann insbesondere eine pulsationsfreie Pumpe verwendet werden.The
Der bereits erwähnte Ultraschallerzeuger 5 umfasst mehrere Piezoelemente 21 bis 24. Zwei der Piezoelemente 21 und 22 sind mit einer nicht dargestellten Spannungsquelle verbunden und zum Erzeugen des Ultraschalls eingerichtet. Die beiden Piezoelemente 23 und 24 hingegen weisen keine Stromzuführung sondern einen Signalabgriff auf, der mit einer ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Messeinrichtung in Verbindung steht. Diese Messeinrichtung kann anhand einer von den Piezoelementen 23 und 24 abhängig von der vorliegenden Ultraschallamplitude erzeugten Spannung die Amplitude und/oder Intensität des Ultraschalls bestimmen. Wie in der Aufsicht aus
Die Vorrichtung 1 weist eine Länge, d.h. eine Gesamtausdehnung in Schallausbreitungsrichtung x auf, die der Hälfte der Wellenlänge des erzeugten Ultraschalls entspricht. Die Vorrichtung kann somit als λ/2-Wandler bezeichnet werden. Beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Vorrichtung 1 zur Erzeugung von Ultraschall mit einer Frequenz von 30 kHz eingerichtet. Das Schallleitelement 2 ist aus Titan und das Abschlusselement 6 aus Aluminium gefertigt. Die Länge der Vorrichtung beträgt somit etwas über 17 cm. Das Schallleitelement 2 kann wie dargestellt zweiteilig oder auch einteilig ausgebildet sein. Der erste Teil 3, der zweite Teil 4, das gesamte Schallleitelement 2 und/oder das Abschlusselement 6 können statt aus Titan auch aus einem anderen Metall einer Legierung, einem Kunststoff oder einer Keramik ausgebildet sein. Dass Schallleitelement 2 kann einen rotationssymmetrischen Querschnitt aufweisen. Ein Querschnitt des Schallleitelements 2 kann jedoch auch von einer rotationssymmetrischen Form abweichen. Beispielsweise ist ein drei- oder viereckiger Querschnitt des Schallleitelements 2 möglich.The
In
In den
Außerdem ist zu erkennen, dass der erste Teil einen Verjüngungsbereich 32 aufweist in dem der Querschnitt (d.h. die Schnittfläche orthogonal zur Richtung x aus
Die dem Ultraschallerzeuger 5 zugewandte Gewindebohrung 8 ist in der Detailansicht aus
In den
In
In
Es sei erwähnt, dass die dargestellten Verläufe 29 und 30 nur prinzipielle Darstellungen sind. Die genauen Verläufe, die durch die Form der Vorrichtung 1 und insbesondere durch die Verjüngung 28 und den Verjüngungsbereich 32 beeinflusst werden, können deutlich unterschiedlich zu den dargestellten Verläufen 29, 30 sein.It should be noted that the illustrated
Eine geringfügig modifizierte Variante einer Vorrichtung 1 ist in den
In den
Die Variante aus
Die Variante aus
Die Variante aus
Die Variante aus
Claims (15)
und das Schallleitelement (2) eine Anlagefläche (15) zum Auskoppeln des Ultraschalls an ein flexibles Medium aufweist,
wobei das Schallleitelement (2) einen Kanal (18) mit einer ersten Öffnung (20) zum Anlegen von Unterdruck an den Kanal (18) und einer zweiten Öffnung (17) zum Anlegen des Unterdrucks an das flexible Material umfasst.
and the sound conducting element (2) has a contact surface (15) for coupling the ultrasound to a flexible medium,
wherein the sound conducting element (2) comprises a channel (18) having a first opening (20) for applying negative pressure to the channel (18) and a second opening (17) for applying the negative pressure to the flexible material.
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DE202012010508U DE202012010508U1 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2012-10-25 | Device for applying liquid media with ultrasound through a membrane and ultrasound system |
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EP2743919A2 true EP2743919A2 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2743919A3 EP2743919A3 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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CN114798292A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-07-29 | 杭州泛索能超声科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic wave precision spraying equipment suitable for all-round cell-phone shell spraying |
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DE102013211593A1 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Environment sensing device with modular ultrasonic transducer, and motor vehicle with such environment sensing device |
WO2020065387A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Nidek Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic tonometer and ultrasonic actuator |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2743919A3 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
EP2743919B1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
DE202012010508U1 (en) | 2012-11-12 |
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