EP2604772A1 - Wooden floor element - Google Patents

Abstract

The wooden flooring element (100) comprises a solid wooden block (200) having several annular rings (1) which are aligned along the longitudinal axis (Z). The wooden block is formed with a top surface (2) and a bottom surface (4). The bottom surface of the wooden block is formed with several transverse grooves (5a-5f) which are arranged approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. On the bottom surface of the wooden block, several longitudinal grooves are formed parallel to the longitudinal axis. All the grooves are arranged approximately parallel to each other. An independent claim is included for a manufacturing method of wooden flooring element.

Description

The present invention generally relates to a wooden floor element, that is to say, a single element of wood that strung together to give identical or similar elements a plank, wood panel or parquet floor. However, the elements described are also suitable as individual elements of a wood panel or for wall paneling, so-called Täfer, or for cabinet walls or doors.

In times of increasing awareness of natural and ecological building in particular solid wood floors are gaining in importance again. The requirements for a high-quality, aesthetic, but at the same time also natural-ecological wooden floor - be it a floor board, wooden board or a parquet floor - are manifold.

For example, it is necessary for the wood to be hard enough so that it does not show unsightly traces of wear, wear or even dents after an unduly short time. Furthermore, solid wood is preferred for natural as well as health reasons. In addition there are strength and possibly also static load capacity requirements, mechanical stability requirements for a precisely fitting laying - usually by means of the so-called "cutlery", formed from laterally and / or frontally arranged grooves and form-fitting correspondingly shaped ridges or springs. Due to these requirements, a high quality wooden floor is usually made of solid hardwood with a density of over 0.55 g / cm ³ , such as cherry, pear, alder, beech, oak, ash, robinia and acacia - or walnut wood. There are also so-called Exotenhölzer such as rosewood or ebony or even pock wood - the hardest wood ever - into consideration. In general, it is wood species that have a Brinell hardness of 30-88 N / mm ² .

Further requirements for today's modern wooden floor elements may include freedom from knots or, conversely, targeted branch use, but also regular grain, color and weather resistance, UV protection, as well as an open porosity which is also left open by glazes or oil and a good microclimatic exchange of the wood with the building environment and the room air allows.

When attempting to conserve resources with such precious hardwood, the strength requirements described above may still be met with minimal strength of the individual wood flooring elements, but this can be at the expense of desirable "stress freedom" and unfavorable microclimatic properties , Today, wooden floors are often laid on underfloor heating and can therefore be exposed to very different temperature and humidity conditions at the top and bottom. The consequence of this can be an unsightly buckling or one or two-sided posing the individual wooden floor elements, the so-called warping or bowls.

Now, if the strength of the individual wooden floor elements in favor of freedom from stress or to prevent the buckling is again increased, not only consumed more raw material, but may be the disadvantage that a transition to a ceramic or carpet in the height must be compensated.

For these reasons, but also in order to conserve resources as possible with precious and rare wood, which has per se optimal wood-floor properties, thus increasingly ground-composite wood panels are made in which thick hardwood edges are split into thin saw or knife veneer and this multiplies the available surface. These veneer lumbers become floor tiles glued, usually on a carrier material such as industrial plates in the form of plywood, chip or so-called MDF boards (medium-density fiberboard).

Although such veneered parquet panels meet the visual requirements, they have been removed from the naturalness, the aesthetics, but also from the physical standpoint of a solid wood floor.

Another disadvantage of such veneered parquet is that they often give a little high-quality material feel, because they sound uncomfortable hollow when passing.

Another disadvantage is that such veneered parquet panels often can not be regrind, because the veneers are too thin or because the whole element bowls. In addition, it is virtually impossible to restore the industrially produced surface effect on the construction.

In addition, such constructions and material uses of energy and possibly the use of chemical substances are not timely.

The object of the present invention is to provide, while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages, a wooden floor element made of solid wood, which is improved in its properties and optimizes the properties of a floorboard, wood panel or parquet flooring made thereof. Furthermore, the resources of optimally suitable for solid wood flooring wood, which is valuable and rare at the same time, as far as possible spared.

The solution to the problem is initially in the selection of a suitable hardwood for a wooden floor element according to the invention. Furthermore, according to the invention in the Bottom of the wooden floor element arranged at least one groove, which runs transversely to the annual rings and thus interrupts the fiber strands.

The selected hardwood has a density of Darry ranging from 0.40 g / cm ³ to 0.9 g / cm ³ , but preferably about 0.65 g / cm ³ . Further, it has a Brinell hardness which is in a range of 20-90 N / mm ² , but preferably about 55 N / mm ² . There are hardwoods for a wooden floor element according to the invention into consideration, which are enumerated in paragraph [003], but also also wood species that are generally classified as not so hard, but under certain environmental conditions and even with a certain selection within the respective tree trunk hardwood Properties. In particular pines and pines are eligible for the latter.

The at least one transverse groove on the underside of the wooden floor element preferably intersects approximately half of the wooden floor element cross section, ie, if the wooden floor element has a thickness which is in a range of 5-15 mm, preferably 10 mm, the groove depth is according to the invention in a range of 2.5-7.5 mm, but is preferably 5 mm. The tolerance of the groove depth is preferably in a range of 40-60% of the wood floor element thickness.

It is preferable to arrange a plurality of transverse grooves approximately parallel to one another, in principle at arbitrary distances from each other.

The arrangement according to the invention of at least one transverse groove is based, on the one hand, on the knowledge that stresses in processed wood and in particular, as in the case of flat wood floor elements, are greater than longitudinal to the annual rings. The so-called Transverse swelling is more significant in terms of amount than the longitudinal swelling. One uses this fact, for example, when fixing ax or pick ax stalks or earlier when bursting stones.

On the other hand, those strains that act in the longitudinal direction, think of obliquely expiring torsional forces, extremely difficult to get a grip on. Such undesirable life of processed wood is called stress. The interruption of the longitudinal fibers according to the invention, in which this stress can propagate and multiply, takes place through the transverse grooves.

The inventive transverse grooves cut a lower part of the wooden floor element cross-section and thus decouple it from the swelling forces and the resulting inherent tensions. The uncut, unorned top, on the other hand, only causes self-tension, which is reduced to a bearable level. Due to this reduction in self-tension, it is now possible to offer significantly thinner (approx. 50%) solid wood wooden floor elements and floorboards, wooden boards or parquet floors made of them, with equally good freedom from stress.

Optionally, in addition to the transverse grooves, a wooden floor element according to the invention may also have in its lower side longitudinal grooves and / or grooves which are arranged approximately diagonally on the underside of the wooden floor element, i. run obliquely to the annual rings. Basically, the transverse, longitudinal or diagonal grooves can be different deep or high, even within their group.

A wooden floor element according to the invention or a floorboard, wooden panel or parquet floor consisting thereof is preferably glued directly to a subfloor on site, almost like ceramic tiles. The through the grooves Achieved approximately halving the inherent tensions of a single wooden floor element causes the self-tensions can be easily and conclusively absorbed by the adhesive forces. For this purpose, the inventive grooves in the bottom fulfill a further object, namely an optimization of the bonding. The grooves represent evasion possibilities for over-applied adhesive and any air bubbles in the adhesive can vent into the grooves. In addition, the adhesion of the glued wooden floor element is increased to the subfloor, because the groove edges act as a claw.

Two or more wood floor elements according to the invention may optionally be connected to one another on their underside by means of a glued-on or glued-on net.

With regard to a specific blank of individual wood flooring elements according to the invention and a special arrangement of the same to a four, nine or sixteen composite, reference is made to an EU design application filed by the same Applicant on the same day.

A wooden floor element according to the invention can have at least one groove or longitudinal groove on one side and / or on the opposite side and at least one positively corresponding comb on the opposite side, so that wooden floor elements lined up can be laid in a form-fitting manner. The sides of the wooden floor element may also have positive locking corresponding negative and positive profiles, which are formed from at least one longitudinal groove and at least one comb - preferably in an alternating sequence. The grooves and combs or profiles described can be continuously formed over the entire extent of the side or end face or even only partially.

Furthermore, it is also possible to equip a wooden floor element according to the invention exclusively only with at least two longitudinal grooves and to insert a so-called foreign spring during installation.

All described arrangements of grooves, longitudinal grooves and crests, also referred to below as "cutlery arrangements", can be configured with flanks extending horizontally in a plane-parallel manner, but also tapering, ie with flanks running at an angle to each other. Furthermore, "barbs" and corresponding negative receptacles are possible, which ensure a positive and secure contact of a wooden floor element to the adjacent wooden floor element when overcoming a certain amount of force in the installed state.

All of the cutlery arrangements disclosed may be at least partially intersected by the disclosed grooves. Basically, it is optional but also possible to design the grooves arcuate, so that the grooves and ridges remain full. The latter is possible in the manufacturing process, for example, by the arcuate grooves are cut by means of one or more circular saw blades with a corresponding radius.

At least the surface of a wooden floor element according to the invention is preferably coated or embedded with an oil which contains pigments for color stability and for UV protection. Modern nano-lacquers, which produce a lotus blossom effect, as well as a coating with so-called liquid glass (nano-silica particles dissolved in water or alcohol), a development of the company Nanopool from Hülzweiler / Saarland in Germany, the water surfaces water - or liquid-tight, while maintaining the respiratory or diffusing activity of the wood. Wood surfaces treated in this way are also UV and pest resistant, even resistant to termites, can not get stains and can be cleaned with very little effort, even from felt-tip pen. Wooden floor elements, which were preferably surface treated with liquid glass prior to laying, are ideal for outdoor areas and equally ideal for indoor areas and thus particularly nice in modern apartments with directly adjacent terraces or balconies.

The wood constituting a wood flooring element according to the invention may optionally be torrefied or thermally treated, preferably by means of a process involving treatment under temperature, vacuum, mechanical pressure and the like. combined in an autoclave and provides controllable. So treated wood is not only superficial, but colored throughout, it is even more stress-free and visually appealing. In this regard, reference is made to another patent application filed by the same Applicant on the same day.

• a) - Auswählen einer entsprechenden Hartholzart;
• b) - Zuschneiden des Holzboden-Elementes;
• c) - Fräsen oder Sägen von Querrillen oder Quer- und Längsrillen oder Quer- und Diagonalrillen oder Quer-, Längs- und Diagonalrillen;
• d) - Fräsen von korrespondierenden Nut- und Kamm-Anordnungen.

The present application discloses a process for the production of wooden floor elements according to the invention, with the following fundamental process steps:

• a) - selecting a corresponding hardwood species;
• b) - cutting the wooden floor element;
• c) - Milling or sawing of transverse grooves or transverse and longitudinal grooves or transverse and diagonal grooves or transverse, longitudinal and diagonal grooves;
• d) - Milling of corresponding groove and comb arrangements.

• Die Ressourcen von massivem Hartholz werden geschont.
• Das Holzboden-Element genügt höchsten Anforderungen an Ökologie, Natürlichkeit, Nachhaltigkeit und Gesundheit.
• Die Rillen beseitigen den Stress des Massivholzes, sodass bedeutend dünnere Massivholzböden als bis anhin möglich sind.
• Es fallen keine Höhen-Ausgleichsarbeiten zwischen einem Boden aus erfindungsgemässen Holzboden-Elementen und einem Teppich- oder Keramikboden an.
• Ein Boden aus erfindungsgemässen Holzboden-Elementen ist abschleifbar.
• Leimausdünstungen werden weitestgehend vermieden.
• Die Raumschall-Eigenschaften sind gegenüber Laminatböden verbessert.

A wooden floor element according to the invention has the following advantages:

• The resources of solid hardwood are spared.
• The wooden floor element meets the highest requirements for ecology, naturalness, sustainability and health.
• The grooves eliminate the stress of solid wood, allowing significantly thinner solid wood floors than previously possible.
• There are no height compensation work between a floor of inventive wooden floor elements and a carpet or ceramic floor.
• A floor of inventive wooden floor elements is abradable.
• Glue fumes are avoided as far as possible.
• The room sound properties are improved compared to laminate floors.

Further or advantageous embodiments of an inventive wooden floor element form the subject of the dependent claims.

The list of reference numerals is part of the disclosure.

The invention will be explained symbolically and by way of example with reference to figures. The figures are described coherently and comprehensively. They represent schematic and exemplary representations and are not true to scale, even in the relation of the individual components to each other. The same reference symbols denote the same component, reference symbols with different indices indicate functionally identical or similar components.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische und perspektivische Darstellung einer beispielhaften ersten Ausgestaltungsvariante eines erfindungsgemässen Holzboden-Elementes mit Querrillen;
• Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer Unterseite einer beispielhaften zweiten Ausgestaltungsvariante eines erfindungsgemässen Holzboden-Elementes mit Quer- und Längsrillen und
• Fig. 3 eine schematische und perspektivische Darstellung einer beispielhaften dritten Ausgestaltungsvariante eines erfindungsgemässen Holzboden-Elementes mit Nut und Kamm.

It show here

• Fig. 1 a schematic and perspective view of an exemplary first embodiment variant of an inventive wooden floor element with transverse grooves;
• Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a bottom of an exemplary second embodiment variant of an inventive wooden floor element with transverse and longitudinal grooves and
• Fig. 3 a schematic and perspective view of an exemplary third embodiment variant of a inventive wooden floor element with groove and comb.

In the Fig. 1 a first embodiment variant of a wooden floor element 100 according to the invention is illustrated schematically and in perspective in the unassembled state. The wooden floor element 100 has an arbitrary width B, which extends along a transverse axis X, an arbitrary height H, which extends along a height axis Y and an arbitrary length L, which extends along a longitudinal axis Z. The wooden floor element 100 consists of a type of wood 200, wherein annual rings 1 are aligned approximately in the longitudinal axis Z, as can be seen on the corresponding hatching on an upper side 2 of the wooden floor element 100 and on an end face 3 of the wooden floor element 100.

Transverse to the annual rings 1 and to the longitudinal axis Z are on an underside 4 of the wooden floor element 100 transverse grooves 5a-5f arranged approximately parallel. The transverse groove 5b is shown by way of example to have a height H _R which, according to the invention, is in a range of 40-60% of the height H, but is preferably 50% thereof.

The Fig. 2 schematically shows a bottom 4a of a second embodiment variant of a wooden floor element 100a according to the invention, in which an arbitrary width B ₁ , which extends along a transverse axis X ₁ and an arbitrary length L ₁ , which extends along a longitudinal axis Z ₁ , are identical. The wooden floor element 100a is made of a type of wood 200a, wherein annual rings 1a are aligned approximately in the direction of the longitudinal axis Z ₁ .

Transverse to the annual rings 1a and to the longitudinal axis Z ₁ are in the bottom 4a of the wooden floor element 100a transverse grooves 5g-5i, but this time also longitudinal grooves 6a-6c arranged. The latter run approximately parallel to the annual rings 1a and to the longitudinal axis Z ₁ . The transverse grooves 5g-5i and the longitudinal grooves 6a-6c each extend parallel to each other, but this need not be so, as well as in addition to the illustrated transverse grooves 5g-5i or in addition to the longitudinal grooves 6a-6c no longer shown diagonal grooves can be arranged in lie at any angle to the longitudinal axis Z ₁ .

In the Fig. 3 is shown schematically and in perspective a third embodiment variant of an inventive wooden floor element 100b, which in turn consists of a type of wood 200b, with annual rings 1b, which are aligned approximately in a longitudinal axis Z ₂ . In this longitudinal axis Z _{2 also} extends a basically arbitrary length L _{2 of} the wooden floor element 100b, and also also basically any width B ₂ in a transverse axis X ₂ . Along a height axis Y ₁ , a basically arbitrary height H ₁ extends.

The wooden floor element 100b has a top 2a, an end 3a, an opposite end 3b, a bottom 4b and a left side 7a, and a right side 7b. In the left side a longitudinal groove 7a is arranged, for example 8 with internal edges 10a and 10b, the latter being coplanar with the top surface 2a and the bottom may be 4b, but also, as shown, can form an angle _W1. On the right side 7b, by way of example, a comb 9 with outer flanks 11a and 11b is arranged which form an angle W ₂ . The angles W ₁ and W ₂ do not have to, but are preferably approximately identical.

Lateral grooves 5y 5m are approximately parallel to the transverse axis X ₂ and thus approximately perpendicular to the annual rings 1b cut, which in a central arrangement of the longitudinal groove 8 as well as of the ridge 9 within the height H ₁ and provided that a groove height H _R1 50% of H ₁ is, the longitudinal groove 8 and the comb 9 cut in half. But it is also possible, the longitudinal groove. 8 and to place the comb 9 higher on the sides 7a and 7b, respectively, so as to avoid an average in whole or in part.

The groove 8 and the comb 9 may be provided correspondingly also on the end face 3a and on the opposite end 3b, or even both as shown on the sides 7a and 7b, as well as on the end faces 3a and 3b.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1a, 1b -

Annual ring, grain

2, 2a -

Top of 100

3, 3a -

Front side of 100

4, 4a, 4b -

Bottom of 100

5a-5m -

transverse groove

6a-6c -

longitudinal groove

7a -

left side of 100b

7b -

right side of 100b

8th -

Longitudinal groove, groove

9 -

Comb, feather

10a, 10b -

Inside flank of 8

11a, 11b -

Outside flank of 9

100, 100a, 100b -

Wood floor element

200, 200a, 200b -

Species

B, B ₁ , B ₂ -

Width of 100

H, H ₁ -

Height of 100

H _R , H _R1 -

groove height

L, L ₁ , L ₂ -

Length of 100

W ₁ , W ₂ -

Angle of the flanks of 8 and 9

X, X ₁ , X ₂ -

transverse axis

Y, Y ₁ -

height axis

Z, Z ₁ , Z ₂ -

longitudinal axis

Claims (15)

Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) made of solid wood of a type of wood (200, 200a, 200b) with annual rings (1, 1a, 1b), which are aligned along a longitudinal axis (Z, Z ₁ , Z ₂ ), with an upper side (2, 2a) and a lower side (4, 4a, 4b), characterized in that at least one transverse groove (5a-5m) approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (Z, Z ₁ , Z ₂ ) is arranged. Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to claim 1, characterized in that on the underside (4, 4a, 4b) at least one to the longitudinal axis (Z, Z ₁ , Z ₂ ) approximately parallel longitudinal groove (6a-6c) and / or at least one to the longitudinal axis (Z, Z ₁ , Z ₂ ) standing at an angle diagonal groove is arranged. Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the type of wood (200, 200a, 200b) is a type of wood of the hardwood species, with a density of Darger in a range of 0.40 g / cm ³ to 0.9 g / cm ³ , but preferably about 0.65 g / cm ³ and a Brinell hardness which is in a range of 20-90 N / mm ² , but preferably about 55 N / mm ² . Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves (5a-5m; 6a-6c) have a groove height (H _R , H _R1 ) which is in a range of 40-60 % of a height (H, H ₁ ) of the wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) is, preferably 50% thereof. Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of grooves (5a-5m; 6a-6c) are arranged approximately parallel. Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100bc) after one of preceding claims, characterized in that on the underside (4, 4a, 4b), a network is glued or welded, with the at least one second wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) is ankleb- or weldable. Wooden floor element (100b) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on one side (7a) and / or on an end face (3a) of the wooden floor element (100b) has a groove (8) and on an opposite side (7b ) and / or on an opposite end face (3b) of the wooden floor element (100b) one of the groove (8) correspondingly form-fitting corresponding comb (9) is arranged. Wooden floor element (100b) according to claim 7, characterized in that at least on the side (7a) and at least on the opposite side (7b) in each case at least one groove (8) is arranged and the comb (9) at least one separate, foreign Spring is. Wooden floor element (100b) according to one of the preceding claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the groove (8) has an upper inner flank (10a) and a lower inner flank (10b) and the comb (9) has an upper outer flank (11a) and a lower outer flank (11b) and wherein the upper inner flank (10a) and the lower inner flank (10b) at a first angle (W ₁ ) are arranged and wherein the upper outer flank (11a) and the lower outer flank (11b) in a second Angle (W ₂ ) are arranged and wherein the first angle (W ₁ ) and the second angle (W ₂ ) are preferably approximately identical. Wooden floor element (100b) according to one of the preceding claims 7-9, characterized in that the groove (8) and the comb (9) is at least partially intersected by the transverse grooves (5j-5m). Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one surface (2, 2a; 3, 3a; 4, 4a, 4b, 7a, 7b) of the wooden floor element (100, 100a , 100b) is treated with an oil with pigments for color fastness and for UV protection. Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one surface (2, 2a; 3, 3a; 7a, 7b, 4, 4a, 4b) of the wooden floor element (100, 100a , 100b) is treated with a lotus-blossom varnish. Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one surface (2, 2a; 3, 3a; 7a, 7b, 4, 4a, 4b) of the wooden floor element (100, 100a , 100b) is treated with liquid glass. Wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood species (200, 200a, 200b) is torrefied or thermally treated. Method for producing a wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the following method steps are carried out: a) - selecting a corresponding type of wood (200, 200a, 200b); b) - cutting the wooden floor element (100, 100a, 100b); c) - Milling or sawing of transverse grooves (5a-5m) or transverse grooves (5a-5m) and longitudinal grooves (6a-6c) or transverse grooves (5a-5m) and diagonal grooves or transverse grooves (5a-5m), longitudinal grooves (6a-6c) and diagonal grooves; d) - Milling of at least one groove (8) and at least one of the groove (8) form-fitting corresponding comb (9).

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