EP2503527A1 - Communication system, in particular for alarms and method for its operation - Google Patents
Communication system, in particular for alarms and method for its operation Download PDFInfo
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- EP2503527A1 EP2503527A1 EP12001162A EP12001162A EP2503527A1 EP 2503527 A1 EP2503527 A1 EP 2503527A1 EP 12001162 A EP12001162 A EP 12001162A EP 12001162 A EP12001162 A EP 12001162A EP 2503527 A1 EP2503527 A1 EP 2503527A1
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- Prior art keywords
- telegram
- received
- reception strength
- limit value
- limit
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
- G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
- G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
- G08B29/26—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components by updating and storing reference thresholds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/007—Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols
Definitions
- the invention relates to a communication system, in particular for danger alarm systems comprising interconnected hazard alarms, and to a method for operating such a communication system, and to a communication terminal using the method for use in the communication system.
- a security alarm system in which the receivers are brought into an installation mode during the system installation in which the received signal is disturbed at the receiver and therefore a higher quality reception signal is required than in normal operation. If the receivers in installation mode can receive all the transmitters of the system, a quality reserve for communication in normal operation is assumed.
- the EP0874341 suggests that, during installation of an alarm system, the transmission energy be reduced compared to normal operation. Receivers that are installed are changed to their position until a position is found where the signals transmitted with lower transmission power can be received.
- Both systems limit communication range during system installation and can only detect faults at this stage. You also need additional switching elements in the send or Receive circuit that can switch between different power levels when sending or receiving and are inflexible regarding the range control and limited to the installation mode.
- In the from the US 5,801,626 become known system transmission disturbances can also be detected after the installation phase.
- Separate monitoring signals are sent to check for undisturbed reception. Receiving a signal measures the signal strength and determines if it is a monitoring signal. If the received signal is a monitor signal, then the measured signal strength is compared to a fixed threshold. If the measured signal strength falls below the threshold value, then the monitoring signal is rejected and not answered. For all other signals, the reception strength is ignored.
- the threshold is determined here in the receiving device based on the signal strength, which during the reception of at least a portion of the signal z. B. the preamble is measured. If the signal strength exceeds the threshold value determined on the basis of the measured values, the signal is processed further, otherwise it is discarded. Although the latter reduces the disturbing influence of neighboring systems, but remains prone to error in this regard, if z. B. as a first signal, a weak signal is received and therefore the threshold is determined too low, also can not affect the range here targeted and flexible.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an operating method, a communication system and a communication terminal, in particular for communication in hazard detection systems, which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art, or at least mitigate it.
- a limit value for the reception strength of a receiver in a telegram to be transmitted is provided for controlling the communication range.
- a sending system subscriber z. B. a smoke detector depending on its operating mode or the type of receiving device from a limit and adds it z. B. in the header of a telegram to be sent.
- the Limit value can be in the form of a received field strength value (RSSI) or even only as a relative value from a relative scale of z. 0-10.
- a lower limit can be z. B. be selected during an installation mode, while possibly even the maximum possible value is selected in an alarm.
- the telegram is sent. All receivers within the physical range can receive the transmitted telegram. When receiving a telegram, the receivers simultaneously determine the reception strength with which the telegram is received. This they can z. B. by means of a built-in most radio chips RSSI function (Received Signal Strength Indication) do. Even during the reception or shortly thereafter, the limit value for the reception strength is extracted from the telegram and compared with the reception strength during the reception.
- RSSI function Receiveived Signal Strength Indication
- the telegram is discarded or the possibly still ongoing reception is aborted.
- a comparison of the own receiver address with the address of the receiver to which the telegram may be directed can also be made. If it is already established that the addresses do not match, then the comparison of the reception strength with the limit value may be omitted, since the telegram is discarded anyway.
- the limit value for the reception strength is to be sent in the same telegram with the reception strength of which the limit value is compared.
- the limit value for the reception strength and the other data to be transmitted are divided into two or more telegrams. It is therefore particularly preferable for the limit value to be transmitted and received within the same telegram group whose telegrams are subject to the limit value.
- the limit value for a receive field strength that applies to the following or a series of subsequent telegrams could be sent in a telegram.
- the telegram containing the reception threshold for subsequent messages is transmitted with a higher transmission power and / or redundantly possibly even on different channels and / or must first be confirmed by the receiver before the subsequent messages are sent.
- the method for operating a communication system regulates the range of the communication and thus also represents a method for communicating.
- the communication system is formed by a hazard detection system.
- the invention relates hence a method for communicating in a hazard detection system.
- a hazard detection system often consists of at least one device, such as a security alarm center for receiving messages and detectors with sensors for hazard characteristics such as smoke, the detectors having at least one transmitter for sending alarm or status messages.
- a preferred type of hazard detection system is formed of several interconnected hazard alarms, each hazard alarm is equipped in addition to sensors and transmitters with receiver and alarm and display means.
- a system user in particular a hazard detector, provides a limit for receiving strength in a message to be sent.
- the telegram is sent and can be received by a second system subscriber in particular a hazard detector.
- the reception strength z. B. determined as RSSI value and compared with the limit value from a previously received message, but preferably with the received from the same telegram limit value. If it is determined in this comparison that the received strength falls below the limit, then the telegram is discarded.
- the invention also relates to a communication system with at least one transmitting system subscriber, which is set up in particular for the transmission of danger messages and with at least one receiving system subscriber, which is set up in particular for receiving danger messages.
- the sending system subscriber contains a first range control, which provides the receiving system subscriber with a limit for the reception strength in a telegram.
- the receiving system subscriber includes a second range control, which comprises a measuring device for the reception strength of the received messages and a comparison device.
- the comparison device is set up to compare the reception strength measured when receiving a telegram with the limit value that was provided by the transmitting system subscriber in a previously transmitted telegram, but preferably in the same telegram.
- the second range control is also set up to discard the received message if the measured reception strength falls below the limit.
- a transmitting system subscriber can also receive corresponding devices for receiving and a receiving system subscriber also the corresponding devices for transmission.
- the communication system is formed by a hazard detection system in which the system participants in particular danger detectors communicate with each other by z. For example, you can exchange status and alarm messages with each other and finally display to system users.
- a hazard detection system consists of at least two interconnected hazard detectors, which are set up in particular for detecting and reporting smoke, temperature, fire and / or gases.
- Each of these hazard detectors includes a transmitter and a receiver, and first and second range controllers.
- the first range control is set up to provide a limit for receiving strength in a telegram to be sent.
- the second range control comprises a first measuring device for the received strength of the received telegrams and a comparison device.
- the comparison device is set up to compare the reception strength measured when a telegram is received with the limit value provided by the first range control of the transmitting danger detector in a previously sent but preferably in the same telegram.
- the second range control is set up to reject the received telegram if the measured reception strength falls below the limit value.
- the invention relates to a communication terminal, which is formed in a preferred embodiment as a hazard detector with one or more sensors.
- the sensors are in particular configured to detect hazard parameters such as smoke, temperature, fire and / or gas.
- the communication terminal according to the invention has a transmitter, a receiver and a control device, and a first and a second range control.
- the first range control is set up to provide a limit for receiving strength in a telegram to be sent.
- the second range control comprises a measuring device for the reception strength of received telegrams and a comparison device.
- the comparison device is in turn set up to compare the reception strength measured on reception of a telegram with the limit value provided by the first range control of a transmitting danger detector in a previously transmitted telegram, but preferably in the same telegram.
- the second range control or the control device are set up to discard the received telegram if the measured reception strength falls below the limit value.
- the single FIGURE shows a communication system according to the invention with two communication terminals according to the invention which are designed as hazard warning detectors.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication system (1) in the form of a hazard detection system (1) which is shown here by way of example with several hazard warning devices (2).
- the system could also from a danger center (ggf.14) with one or more satellites z. B. danger detector (2) exist.
- the hazard warning devices (2) have a control unit (9) which controls and coordinates environmental measurements by means of the sensors (10) and communication with other hazard warning devices.
- the control unit (9) also assumes the evaluation of the signals of the sensors (10).
- the hazard warning (2) include display and alarm means (13) with which states z. B. malfunctions such as too low battery detector (2) and alarms can be displayed.
- a hazard warning (2) both own states and alarms, as well as other hazard warning (2) display.
- a hazard warning device (2) contains at least one receiver (3) with which it can receive corresponding information from other hazard warning detectors (2).
- a hazard alert (2) also includes a transmitter (4).
- the transmitter (4) is associated with a first range control (5).
- the first range control (5) inserts in a selected, but preferably in each telegram to be sent, the danger alarm (2) to other hazard warning (2) or possibly to a control center, a limit on the reception strength, the reception of the telegram is evaluated by a hazard warning (2) or possibly a central office.
- an inventive hazard warning device (2) also contains a receiver (3).
- the receiver (3) is associated with a second range control (6).
- the second range control (6) comprises a measuring device (7) for the reception strength with which a telegram is received and a comparison device (8).
- the measuring device (7) for the reception strength is usually a part of the receiver (3), which is the reception strength of the second range control (6) z. In the form of an RSSI signal or value. Therefore, the logical rather than the physical assignment is presented here.
- the comparison device (8) compares the measured reception strength with the limit value previously extracted from a telegram, wherein the limit value from a previously transmitted telegram is preferably extracted from the same telegram. If in this comparison If it is determined that the measured reception strength falls below the limit value, the received telegram is discarded. In the event that the reception of the telegram is still in progress, it can then be terminated immediately. Discarding the telegram may be effected in that the second range control (6) does not forward the telegram to the control unit (9) or by giving a signal to the control unit (9) which indicates to the control unit (9) received telegram not evaluate but discard.
- the selection of the reception strength limit values by the first range control (5) takes place on the basis of different criteria. These include various operating modes, states of the danger detector such as malfunction, the device type to which a telegram is addressed and the content of the telegram itself.
- the first range control (5) can be used for example. B. choose during a installation mode, a very low limit, which is always exceeded in the further operation. Here, a sufficient signal to noise ratio is maintained even with subsequent changes in the transmission properties.
- a mute command sent by a hazard warning (2), which has not detected an alarm itself then in the telegram that contains the mute command, a lower limit may be provided, whereupon only detectors (2) in the vicinity of this detector (2) stop the alarm.
- a high limit can be selected so that all other detectors (2) in the system (1) stop the alarm.
- all detectors (2) it is conceivable for all detectors (2) to specify a low limit even in the normal operating mode in order not to disturb adjacent systems (1) of the same type. Due to the unlike the logical range unchanged physical range, it is also conceivable with a service tool (14) z.
- a tablet PC or a smartphone with matching app that is used to monitor the states of each in a system (1) existing hazard warning (2) to receive all telegrams from a greater distance and evaluate without through a reduced transmission power to be limited. This service tool would simply ignore the limit.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kommunikationssystem insbesondere für Gefahrenmeldesysteme aus untereinander vernetzten Gefahrenmeldern und ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Kommunikationssystems sowie ein Kommunikationsendgerät, welches das Verfahren nutzt, zur Verwendung in dem Kommunikationssystem.The invention relates to a communication system, in particular for danger alarm systems comprising interconnected hazard alarms, and to a method for operating such a communication system, and to a communication terminal using the method for use in the communication system.
Bei fest installierten Kommunikationssystemen kommt es sowohl bei leitungsgebundenen als auch bei leitungslosen Übertragungsstrecken, auch nach einer sorgfältig ausgeführten Installation, durch Veränderungen an den Übertragungswegen immer wieder zu Verschlechterungen der Übertragungsqualität und zum Ausfall der Kommunikation. Bei Funkstrecken ist dies häufig auf Veränderungen in der Umgebung wie neue Wände oder Möbel zurückzuführen, die eine höhere Signaldämpfung oder Reflexionen zur Folge haben. Bei leitungsgebundenen Systemen führen meist schleichende Kurzschlüsse oder Unterbrüche an den Kommunikationsleitungen durch Reflexionen und erhöhte Dämpfung zu Beeinträchtigungen der Kommunikation. Speziell bei Sicherheitssystemen wie Gefahrenmeldesystemen zur Meldung vor Gefahren wie z. B. Rauch, Feuer und Gas ist eine sichere Kommunikation unter den Systemteilnehmern nötig. Aus der
Beide Systeme beschränken während der Installation des Systems die Kommunikationsreichweite und können Störungen nur in dieser Phase erkennen. Sie benötigen hierfür außerdem zusätzliche Schaltelemente in der Sende oder Empfangsschaltung, die zwischen unterschiedlichen Leistungsstufen beim Senden bzw. Empfangen umschalten können und sind bzgl. der Reichweiten-Steuerung unflexibel und auf den Installationsmodus beschränkt. In dem aus der
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Betriebsverfahren, ein Kommunikationssystem und ein Kommunikationsendgerät insbesondere zur Kommunikation in Gefahrenmeldesystemen anzugeben, welche die Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht aufweisen, oder zumindest entschärfen.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an operating method, a communication system and a communication terminal, in particular for communication in hazard detection systems, which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art, or at least mitigate it.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt, nach den Merkmalen der Ansprüche und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.The object is achieved according to the features of the claims and will be described in more detail below.
In einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kommunikationssystems wird, zur Steuerung der Kommunikationsreichweite, ein Grenzwert für die Empfangsstärke eines Empfängers in einem zu sendenden Telegramm bereitgestellt. Hierfür wählt ein sendender Systemteilnehmer z. B. ein Rauchwarnmelder in Abhängigkeit seines Betriebsmodes oder des Typs des empfangenden Gerätes einen Grenzwert aus und fügt ihn z. B. in den Header eines zu sendenden Telegrams ein. Der Grenzwert kann in Form eines Empfangsfeldstärkenwertes (RSSI) oder auch nur als relativer Wert aus einer relativen Skala von z. B. 0-10 bereitgestellt werden. Ein niedriger Grenzwert kann z. B. während eines Installationsmodus gewählt werden, während bei einem Alarm ggf. sogar der maximal mögliche Wert gewählt wird. Es ist aber auch denkbar, auch nach einer Installation generell einen niedrigen Wert vorzugeben um benachbarte Systeme nicht zu stören, die den gleichen Adressbereich aufweisen. Sobald das Telegramm fertiggestellt, und der Grenzwert eingefügt ist, wird das Telegramm gesendet. Alle Empfänger innerhalb der physikalischen Reichweite können das gesendete Telegramm empfangen. Beim Empfangen eines Telegramms ermitteln die Empfänger gleichzeitig die Empfangsstärke mit der das Telegramm empfangen wird. Dies können sie z. B. mittels einer in den meisten Funkchips eingebauten RSSI-Funktion (Received Signal Strength Indication) erledigen. Noch während des Empfangs oder kurz danach, wird der Grenzwert für die Empfangsstärke aus dem Telegramm extrahiert und mit der Empfangsstärke während des Empfangs verglichen. Wenn sich aus diesem Vergleich ergibt, dass die gemessene Empfangsstärke den Grenzwert unterschreitet, dann wird das Telegramm verworfen, oder der ggf. noch laufende Empfang abgebrochen. Vor dem Vergleich der Empfangsstärke mit dem Grenzwert kann auch ein Vergleich der eigenen Empfängeradresse mit der Adresse des Empfängers erfolgen, an den das Telegramm ggf. gerichtet ist. Wenn hierbei bereits festgestellt wird, dass die Adressen nicht übereinstimmen, dann kann der Vergleich der Empfangsstärke mit dem Grenzwert ggf. entfallen, da das Telegramm ohnehin verworfen wird. Vorzugsweise soll der Grenzwert für die Empfangsstärke in demselben Telegramm gesendet werden mit dessen Empfangsstärke der Grenzwert verglichen wird.In a method according to the invention for operating a communication system, a limit value for the reception strength of a receiver in a telegram to be transmitted is provided for controlling the communication range. For this purpose, a sending system subscriber z. B. a smoke detector depending on its operating mode or the type of receiving device from a limit and adds it z. B. in the header of a telegram to be sent. Of the Limit value can be in the form of a received field strength value (RSSI) or even only as a relative value from a relative scale of z. 0-10. A lower limit can be z. B. be selected during an installation mode, while possibly even the maximum possible value is selected in an alarm. However, it is also conceivable to specify a low value generally even after installation in order not to disturb adjacent systems that have the same address range. As soon as the telegram is completed and the limit is inserted, the telegram is sent. All receivers within the physical range can receive the transmitted telegram. When receiving a telegram, the receivers simultaneously determine the reception strength with which the telegram is received. This they can z. B. by means of a built-in most radio chips RSSI function (Received Signal Strength Indication) do. Even during the reception or shortly thereafter, the limit value for the reception strength is extracted from the telegram and compared with the reception strength during the reception. If it results from this comparison that the measured reception strength falls below the limit value, then the telegram is discarded or the possibly still ongoing reception is aborted. Before comparing the reception strength with the limit value, a comparison of the own receiver address with the address of the receiver to which the telegram may be directed can also be made. If it is already established that the addresses do not match, then the comparison of the reception strength with the limit value may be omitted, since the telegram is discarded anyway. Preferably, the limit value for the reception strength is to be sent in the same telegram with the reception strength of which the limit value is compared.
Allerdings ist es auch denkbar, dass der Grenzwert für die Empfangsstärke und die übrigen zu sendenden Daten auf zwei oder mehrere Telegramme aufgeteilt werden. Besonders bevorzugt soll daher der Grenzwert innerhalb derselben Telegrammgruppe gesendet und empfangen werden, für deren Telegramme der Grenzwert gilt. So könnte beispielsweise in einem Telegramm der Grenzwert für eine Empfangsfeldstärke gesendet werden, der für das darauf folgende oder eine Serie nachfolgender Telegramme gilt. Vorzugsweise wird das Telegramm, das den Empfangsschwellwert für nachfolgende Telegramme enthält, mit einer höheren Sendeleistung und/oder redundant ggf. sogar auf unterschiedlichen Kanälen gesendet und/oder muss vom Empfänger erst bestätigt werden, bevor die nachfolgenden Telegramme gesendet werden.However, it is also conceivable that the limit value for the reception strength and the other data to be transmitted are divided into two or more telegrams. It is therefore particularly preferable for the limit value to be transmitted and received within the same telegram group whose telegrams are subject to the limit value. For example, the limit value for a receive field strength that applies to the following or a series of subsequent telegrams could be sent in a telegram. Preferably, the telegram containing the reception threshold for subsequent messages is transmitted with a higher transmission power and / or redundantly possibly even on different channels and / or must first be confirmed by the receiver before the subsequent messages are sent.
Das Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kommunikationssystems regelt insbesondere die Reichweite der Kommunikation und stellt somit auch ein Verfahren zum kommunizieren dar. Dabei wird in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das Kommunikationssystem durch ein Gefahrenmeldesystem gebildet. Die Erfindung betrifft daher auch ein Verfahren zum kommunizieren in einem Gefahrenmeldesystem. Ein solches Gefahrenmeldesystem besteht häufig aus wenigstens einer Einrichtung wie einer Gefahrenmeldezentrale zum Empfangen von Meldungen und aus Meldern mit Sensoren für Gefahrenkenngrößen wie Rauch, wobei die Melder mindestens einen Sender zum Senden von Alarm oder Statusmeldungen aufweisen. Ein bevorzugter Typus von Gefahrenmeldesystem wird aus mehreren untereinander vernetzten Gefahrenmeldern gebildet, wobei jeder Gefahrenmelder neben Sensoren und Sender auch mit Empfänger und Alarmierungs- und Anzeigemitteln ausgestattet ist. Auch in diesem Verfahren stellt ein Systemteilnehmer, insbesondere ein Gefahrenmelder, einen Grenzwert für eine Empfangsstärke in einem zu sendenden Telegramm bereit. Anschließend wird das Telegramm gesendet und kann von einem zweiten Systemteilnehmer insbesondere einem Gefahrenmelder empfangen werden. Während des Empfangs des Telegramms wird die Empfangsstärke z. B. als RSSI-Wert ermittelt und mit dem Grenzwert aus einem zuvor empfangenen Telegramm, vorzugsweise jedoch mit dem aus demselben Telegramm empfangenen Grenzwert, verglichen. Wenn bei diesem Vergleich festgestellt wird, dass die Empfangsstärke den Grenzwert unterschreitet, dann wird das Telegramm verworfen.In particular, the method for operating a communication system regulates the range of the communication and thus also represents a method for communicating. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the communication system is formed by a hazard detection system. The invention relates hence a method for communicating in a hazard detection system. Such a hazard detection system often consists of at least one device, such as a security alarm center for receiving messages and detectors with sensors for hazard characteristics such as smoke, the detectors having at least one transmitter for sending alarm or status messages. A preferred type of hazard detection system is formed of several interconnected hazard alarms, each hazard alarm is equipped in addition to sensors and transmitters with receiver and alarm and display means. In this method as well, a system user, in particular a hazard detector, provides a limit for receiving strength in a message to be sent. Subsequently, the telegram is sent and can be received by a second system subscriber in particular a hazard detector. While receiving the telegram, the reception strength z. B. determined as RSSI value and compared with the limit value from a previously received message, but preferably with the received from the same telegram limit value. If it is determined in this comparison that the received strength falls below the limit, then the telegram is discarded.
Die Erfindung betrifft ebenso ein Kommunikationssystem mit mindestens einem sendenden Systemteilnehmer, der insbesondere zum Senden von Gefahrenmeldungen eingerichtet ist und mit mindestens einem empfangenden Systemteilnehmer, der insbesondere zum Empfangen von Gefahrenmeldungen eingerichtet ist. Der sendende Systemteilnehmer enthält eine erste Reichweiten-Steuerung, die dem empfangenden Systemteilnehmer einen Grenzwert für die Empfangsstärke in einem Telegramm bereitstellt. Der empfangende Systemteilnehmer enthält eine zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung, die eine Messeinrichtung für die Empfangsstärke der empfangenen Telegramme und eine Vergleichseinrichtung umfasst. Die Vergleichseinrichtung ist eingerichtet, die beim Empfang eines Telegramms gemessene Empfangsstärke mit dem Grenzwert zu vergleichen, der vom sendenden Systemteilnehmer in einem zuvor gesendeten Telegramm, bevozugt jedoch im selben Telegramm bereitgestellt wurde. Die zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung ist ferner eingerichtet das empfangene Telegramm zu verwerfen, wenn die gemessene Empfangsstärke den Grenzwert unterschreitet. Dabei kann ein sendender Systemteilnehmer auch entsprechende Vorrichtungen zum empfangen und ein empfangender Systemteilnehmer auch die entsprechenden Vorrichtungen zum Senden enthalten.The invention also relates to a communication system with at least one transmitting system subscriber, which is set up in particular for the transmission of danger messages and with at least one receiving system subscriber, which is set up in particular for receiving danger messages. The sending system subscriber contains a first range control, which provides the receiving system subscriber with a limit for the reception strength in a telegram. The receiving system subscriber includes a second range control, which comprises a measuring device for the reception strength of the received messages and a comparison device. The comparison device is set up to compare the reception strength measured when receiving a telegram with the limit value that was provided by the transmitting system subscriber in a previously transmitted telegram, but preferably in the same telegram. The second range control is also set up to discard the received message if the measured reception strength falls below the limit. In this case, a transmitting system subscriber can also receive corresponding devices for receiving and a receiving system subscriber also the corresponding devices for transmission.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Kommunikationssystems wird das Kommunikationssystem durch ein Gefahrenmeldesystem gebildet, in dem die Systemteilnehmer insbesondere Gefahrenmelder untereinander Kommunizieren um z. B. Status- und Alarmmeldungen untereinander auszutauschen und schließlich den Systembenutzern anzeigen. Ein solches Gefahrenmeldesystem besteht aus mindestens zwei untereinander vernetzten Gefahrenmeldern, die insbesondere zum Erkennen und Melden von Rauch, Temperatur, Feuer und/oder Gasen eingerichtet sind. Jeder dieser Gefahrenmelder enthält einen Sender und einen Empfänger und eine erste und zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung. Die erste Reichweiten-Steuerung ist dazu eingerichtet einen Grenzwert für eine Empfangsstärke in einem zu sendenden Telegramm bereit zu stellen. Die zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung umfasst eine erste Messeinrichtung für die Empfangsstärke der empfangenen Telegramme und eine Vergleichseinrichtung. Die Vergleichseinrichtung ist dazu eingerichtet, die beim Empfang eines Telegramms gemessene Empfangsstärke mit dem von der ersten Reichweiten-Steuerung des sendenden Gefahrenmelders in einem zuvor gesendeten bevorzugt jedoch im selben Telegramm bereitgestellten Grenzwert zu vergleichen. Die zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung ist dazu eingerichtet das empfangene Telegramm zu verwerfen, wenn die gemessene Empfangsstärke den Grenzwert unterschreitet.In a preferred embodiment of the communication system according to the invention, the communication system is formed by a hazard detection system in which the system participants in particular danger detectors communicate with each other by z. For example, you can exchange status and alarm messages with each other and finally display to system users. Such a hazard detection system consists of at least two interconnected hazard detectors, which are set up in particular for detecting and reporting smoke, temperature, fire and / or gases. Each of these hazard detectors includes a transmitter and a receiver, and first and second range controllers. The first range control is set up to provide a limit for receiving strength in a telegram to be sent. The second range control comprises a first measuring device for the received strength of the received telegrams and a comparison device. The comparison device is set up to compare the reception strength measured when a telegram is received with the limit value provided by the first range control of the transmitting danger detector in a previously sent but preferably in the same telegram. The second range control is set up to reject the received telegram if the measured reception strength falls below the limit value.
Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung ein Kommunikationsendgerät, das in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform als Gefahrenmelder mit einem oder mehreren Sensoren ausgebildet ist. In der Ausführungsform als Gefahrenmelder sind die Sensoren insbesondere dazu eingerichtet Gefahrenkenngrößen wie Rauch, Temperatur, Feuer und/oder Gas zu erkennen. Das erfindungsgemäße Kommunikationsendgerät verfügt über einen Sender, einen Empfänger und eine Steuereinrichtung, sowie eine erste und eine zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung. Die erste Reichweiten-Steuerung ist eingerichtet einen Grenzwert für eine Empfangsstärke in einem zu sendenden Telegramm bereit zu stellen. Die zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung umfasst eine Messeinrichtung für die Empfangsstärke empfangener Telegramme und eine Vergleichseinrichtung. Die Vergleichseinrichtung ist wiederum eingerichtet, die beim Empfang eines Telegramms gemessene Empfangsstärke mit dem von der ersten Reichweiten-Steuerung eines sendenden Gefahrenmelders in einem vorher gesendeten Telegramm bevorzugt jedoch im selben Telegramm bereitgestellten Grenzwert zu vergleichen. Die zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung oder die Steuereinrichtung sind eingerichtet das empfangene Telegramm zu verwerfen, wenn die gemessene Empfangsstärke den Grenzwert unterschreitet.Finally, the invention relates to a communication terminal, which is formed in a preferred embodiment as a hazard detector with one or more sensors. In the embodiment as a hazard detector, the sensors are in particular configured to detect hazard parameters such as smoke, temperature, fire and / or gas. The communication terminal according to the invention has a transmitter, a receiver and a control device, and a first and a second range control. The first range control is set up to provide a limit for receiving strength in a telegram to be sent. The second range control comprises a measuring device for the reception strength of received telegrams and a comparison device. The comparison device is in turn set up to compare the reception strength measured on reception of a telegram with the limit value provided by the first range control of a transmitting danger detector in a previously transmitted telegram, but preferably in the same telegram. The second range control or the control device are set up to discard the received telegram if the measured reception strength falls below the limit value.
Die einzige Figur zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Kommunikationssystem mit zwei erfindungsgemäßen Kommunikationsendgeräten die als Gefahrenwarnmelder ausgebildet sind.The single FIGURE shows a communication system according to the invention with two communication terminals according to the invention which are designed as hazard warning detectors.
Im Folgenden wird nun die Erfindung anhand der einzigen Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt beispielhaft ein Kommunikationssystem (1) in Form eines Gefahrenmeldesystems (1) das hier exemplarisch mit mehreren Gefahrenwarnmeldern (2) dargestellt ist. Alternativ dazu könnte das System auch aus einer Gefahrenzentrale (ggf.14) mit einem oder mehreren Satelliten z. B. Gefahrenmelder (2) bestehen. Die Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) verfügen über eine Steuerungseinheit (9) welche Umweltmessungen mittels der Sensoren (10) und die Kommunikation mit anderen Gefahrenwarnmeldern steuert und koordiniert. Die Steuerungseinheit (9) übernimmt auch die Auswertung der Signale der Sensoren (10). Die Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) umfassen auch Anzeige- und Alarmierungsmittel (13) mit denen Zustände z. B. Störungen wie eine zu schwache Batterie der Melder (2) und Alarme angezeigt werden können. Dabei kann ein Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) sowohl eigene Zustände und Alarme, als auch die anderer Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) anzeigen. Hierfür enthält ein Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) mindestens einen Empfänger (3) mit dem er entsprechende Informationen von anderen Gefahrenwarnmeldern (2) empfangen kann. Zum Senden von Zustands- und Alarminformationen enthält ein Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) auch einen Sender (4). Erfindungsgemäß ist dem Sender (4) eine erste Reichweiten-Steuerung (5) zugeordnet. Die erste Reichweiten-Steuerung (5) fügt in ausgewählte, vorzugsweise jedoch in jedes zu sendende Telegramm, das der Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) an andere Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) oder ggf. an eine Zentrale sendet, einen Grenzwert für die Empfangsstärke ein, der beim Empfang des Telegramms von einem Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) oder ggf. einer Zentrale, ausgewertet wird. Der Grenzwert wird vorzugsweise in den Header eines Telegramms eingefügt. Zum Empfang von Nachrichten anderer Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) enthält ein erfindungsgemäßer Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) auch einen Empfänger (3). Dem Empfänger (3) ist eine zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung (6) zugeordnet. In der Figur ist gezeigt, dass die zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung (6) eine Messeinrichtung (7) für die Empfangsstärke, mit der ein Telegramm empfangen wird und eine Vergleichseinrichtung (8) enthält. In der Praxis wird die Messeinrichtung (7) für die Empfangsstärke meist ein Teil des Empfängers (3) sein, welcher die Empfangsstärke der zweiten Reichweiten-Steuerung (6) z. B. in Form eines RSSI-Signals oder -Wertes zur Verfügung stellt. Daher wird hier eher die logische als die physikalische Zuordnung dargestellt. Die Vergleichseinrichtung (8) vergleicht die gemessene Empfangsstärke mit dem zuvor aus einem Telegramm extrahierten Grenzwert,wobei der Grenzwert aus einem zuvor gesendeten Telegramm vorzugsweise jedoch aus demselben Telegramm extrahiert wird. Wenn bei diesem Vergleich festgestellt wird, dass die gemessene Empfangsstärke den Grenzwert unterschreitet, wird das empfangene Telegramm verworfen. Für den Fall, dass der Empfang des Telegramms noch im Gange ist, kann dieser dann auch sofort beendet werden. Das Verwerfen des Telegramms kann dadurch erfolgen, dass die zweite Reichweiten-Steuerung (6) das Telegramm nicht an die Steuerungseinheit (9) weiterleitet oder indem sie an die Steuerungseinheit (9) ein Signal abgibt, das der Steuerungseinheit (9) anzeigt, das soeben empfangene Telegramm nicht auszuwerten sondern zu verwerfen.In the following the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the single drawing. This shows an example of a communication system (1) in the form of a hazard detection system (1) which is shown here by way of example with several hazard warning devices (2). Alternatively, the system could also from a danger center (ggf.14) with one or more satellites z. B. danger detector (2) exist. The hazard warning devices (2) have a control unit (9) which controls and coordinates environmental measurements by means of the sensors (10) and communication with other hazard warning devices. The control unit (9) also assumes the evaluation of the signals of the sensors (10). The hazard warning (2) include display and alarm means (13) with which states z. B. malfunctions such as too low battery detector (2) and alarms can be displayed. In this case, a hazard warning (2) both own states and alarms, as well as other hazard warning (2) display. For this purpose, a hazard warning device (2) contains at least one receiver (3) with which it can receive corresponding information from other hazard warning detectors (2). To send status and alarm information, a hazard alert (2) also includes a transmitter (4). According to the transmitter (4) is associated with a first range control (5). The first range control (5) inserts in a selected, but preferably in each telegram to be sent, the danger alarm (2) to other hazard warning (2) or possibly to a control center, a limit on the reception strength, the reception of the telegram is evaluated by a hazard warning (2) or possibly a central office. The limit value is preferably inserted in the header of a telegram. To receive messages from other hazard warning devices (2), an inventive hazard warning device (2) also contains a receiver (3). The receiver (3) is associated with a second range control (6). In the figure it is shown that the second range control (6) comprises a measuring device (7) for the reception strength with which a telegram is received and a comparison device (8). In practice, the measuring device (7) for the reception strength is usually a part of the receiver (3), which is the reception strength of the second range control (6) z. In the form of an RSSI signal or value. Therefore, the logical rather than the physical assignment is presented here. The comparison device (8) compares the measured reception strength with the limit value previously extracted from a telegram, wherein the limit value from a previously transmitted telegram is preferably extracted from the same telegram. If in this comparison If it is determined that the measured reception strength falls below the limit value, the received telegram is discarded. In the event that the reception of the telegram is still in progress, it can then be terminated immediately. Discarding the telegram may be effected in that the second range control (6) does not forward the telegram to the control unit (9) or by giving a signal to the control unit (9) which indicates to the control unit (9) received telegram not evaluate but discard.
Die Auswahl der Empfangsstärkengrenzwerte durch die erste Reichweiten-Steuerung (5) erfolgt anhand unterschiedlicher Kriterien. Hierzu gehören verschiedene Betriebsmodi, Zustände des Gefahrenmelders wie Störung, der Gerätetyp an den ein Telegramm gerichtet wird und der Inhalt des Telegramms selbst. Die erste Reichweiten-Steuerung (5) kann z. B. während eines Installationsmodus einen sehr niedrigen Grenzwert wählen, der im weiteren Betrieb immer überschritten wird. Hier durch bleibt auch bei nachträglichen Veränderungen der Übertragungseigenschaften ein ausreichender Störabstand erhalten. Darüber hinaus ist es auch denkbar im Falle eines Alarms, der bei untereinander vernetzten Gefahrenwarnmeldern (2) von allen Meldern (2) im System (1) widergegeben wird, einen Stummschalte-Befehl mit unterschiedlichen Reichweiten zu versehen. Wird z. B. ein Stummschalte-Befehl von einem Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) gesendet, der einen Alarm nicht selbst erkannt hat, dann könnte in dem Telegramm das den Stummschalte-Befehl enthält ein niedriger Grenzwert bereitgestellt werden, worauf nur Melder (2) in der Nähe dieses Melders (2) die Alarmierung beenden. Würde jedoch der Stummschalte-Befehl von dem Melder (2) gesendet, der selbst einen Alarm erkannt hat, kann ein hoher Grenzwert gewählt werden, sodass auch alle anderen Melder (2) im System (1) die Alarmierung beenden. Ebenso ist es denkbar allen Meldern (2) auch im normalen Betriebsmodus einen niedrigen Grenzwert vorzugeben, um benachbarte Systeme (1) gleichen Typs nicht zu stören. Durch die im Gegensatz zur logischen Reichweite unveränderte physikalische Reichweite ist es auch denkbar mit einem Servicetool (14) z. B. ein Laptop, ein Tablet-PC oder ein Smartphone mit passender App, das zum Überwachen der Zustände der einzelnen in einen System (1) vorhanden Gefahrenwarnmelder (2) verwendet werden soll, alle Telegramme aus einer größeren Entfernung zu empfangen und auszuwerten ohne durch eine verringerte Sendeleistung eingeschränkt zu werden. Dieses Servicetool würde dann einfach den Grenzwert ignorieren.The selection of the reception strength limit values by the first range control (5) takes place on the basis of different criteria. These include various operating modes, states of the danger detector such as malfunction, the device type to which a telegram is addressed and the content of the telegram itself. The first range control (5) can be used for example. B. choose during a installation mode, a very low limit, which is always exceeded in the further operation. Here, a sufficient signal to noise ratio is maintained even with subsequent changes in the transmission properties. In addition, it is also conceivable in the case of an alarm that is reproduced in interconnected hazard warning detectors (2) of all detectors (2) in the system (1) to provide a mute command with different ranges. If z. B. a mute command sent by a hazard warning (2), which has not detected an alarm itself, then in the telegram that contains the mute command, a lower limit may be provided, whereupon only detectors (2) in the vicinity of this detector (2) stop the alarm. However, if the mute command were sent from the detector (2), which has itself detected an alarm, a high limit can be selected so that all other detectors (2) in the system (1) stop the alarm. Likewise, it is conceivable for all detectors (2) to specify a low limit even in the normal operating mode in order not to disturb adjacent systems (1) of the same type. Due to the unlike the logical range unchanged physical range, it is also conceivable with a service tool (14) z. As a laptop, a tablet PC or a smartphone with matching app that is used to monitor the states of each in a system (1) existing hazard warning (2) to receive all telegrams from a greater distance and evaluate without through a reduced transmission power to be limited. This service tool would simply ignore the limit.
Claims (8)
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DE201110014889 DE102011014889A1 (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Communication system, in particular for hazard alarms and methods for its operation |
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EP2503527A1 true EP2503527A1 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
EP2503527B1 EP2503527B1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
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DE102016015368A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA | Medical device and method for operating a medical device |
DE102018204214A1 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-09-26 | Geze Gmbh | Wireless component of a fire detection system or a fire alarm system, method for presenting the signal strength |
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EP0874341A2 (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-10-28 | Pittway Corporation | Reduced power installation and supervision of wireless security system devices |
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US20110014910A1 (en) | 2009-07-20 | 2011-01-20 | Intellon Corporation | Channel reuse in communication systems |
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2011
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US4593273A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1986-06-03 | Narcisse Bernadine O | Out-of-range personnel monitor and alarm |
US4754261A (en) | 1987-03-30 | 1988-06-28 | Pittway Corporation | Security system |
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US6150936A (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 2000-11-21 | Pittway Corporation | Method and system for analyzing received signal strength |
EP0874341A2 (en) | 1997-04-21 | 1998-10-28 | Pittway Corporation | Reduced power installation and supervision of wireless security system devices |
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